BIBLIOGRAPHY SELVINO, JOYCE L. May ...
BIBLIOGRAPHY
SELVINO, JOYCE L. May 2013. Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium
philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow Release Fertilizer Treatments.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Araceli G. Ladilad, Ph.D.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted at the Ornamental Horticulture Research Area, Benguet
State University, La Trinidad and Km. 24, Caliking, Atok, from September 2012 to April
2013 to determine the response of Benguet Lily plants to different light levels and different
kinds of slow release fertilizer application.
Results show that Benguet Lily plants grown under full sun condition had
significantly improved vegetative growth producing taller plants with ten additional leaves
and thicker stems.
Benguet Lily plants applied with slow release fertilizer Multicote at 6 g/ 15 cm PEP
pot had significantly improved the growth of the Benguet Lily producing taller plants with
ten additional leaves and thicker stems, with longer stem length at harvest.
Benguet Lily plants applied with slow release fertilizer Multicote at 6 g/ 15 cm PEP
pot grown under full sun had significantly improved vegetative growth producing taller
plants with ten additional number of leaves and thicker stems, earlier reproductive growth,
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
producing plants with the earliest flower bud formation and better cutflower quality
producing longer stems compared to plants applied with the other fertilizer treatments.
Results show that Benguet Lily plants grown under Atok, Benguet condition had
improved vegetative growth with taller plants, ten additional leaves, thicker stems, earlier
flower bud formation, and longer stem length than those grown in BSU-Cabanao, La
Trinidad.
Multicote (17-17-17) is therefore, recommended as a slow release fertilizer for
Benguet Lily grown under full sun condition which is the best light level to produce taller
Benguet Lily plants with longer and thicker stems and more leaves at flowering grown in
Atok, Benguet.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Final Height at Flowering (cm)
Effect of light levels. The effect of light levels on the final height at flowering of
Benguet lily is shown in Table 1. Results showed that there were highly significant
differences on the final height of Benguet Lily plants at flowering. Benguet Lily plants
grown at Atok, Benguet under full sun condition were taller with a mean of 72.28 cm. and
were significantly taller than those grown under partial shade with a mean of 69.34 cm.
Benguet lilies planted at BSU-Cabanao grown under full sun condition were also taller than
the Benguet lily grown under partial shade.
Effect of slow release fertilizer. Highly significant differences were obtained on the
final height at flowering of Benguet Lilies as shown in Table 1. Application of Multicote
(17-17-17) slow release fertilizer promoted vegetative growth by producing the tallest
plants with a mean of 84.27 cm; while the plants applied with Chamba slow release
fertilizer were the shortest with a mean of 60.05 cm. and grown at Atok, Benguet. Benguet
Lilies applied with Multicote were the tallest plant with a mean of 67.28 cm. and grown at
BSU-Cabanao. Plants treated with Chamba were the shortest with a mean of 49.70 cm.
Antonio (2006) found that application of Multicote promoted vegetative growth by
producing the tallest plants at flowering.
Interaction effect. Results showed highly significant interaction effects obtained
between the two light levels and the different slow release fertilizers in plants grown at
Atok, Benguet as shown in (Figure 9). Benguet Lily grown under full sun and applied with
Multicote(17-17-17) were the tallest with a mean of 84.4 cm. but were comparable to plants
that were grown under partial shade and applied with Multicote with a mean of 84.11 cm.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
These was followed by the Benguet Lilies grown under full sun applied with Osmocote
(14-14-14) with a mean of 77.07 cm. Benguet Lily grown under full sun and partial shade
applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with a mean of 72.1cm. and 70.57 cm.; respectively.
Benguet Lily grown under partial shade applied with Chamba slow release fertilizer had a
mean of 64.53 cm. Shortest plants were those grown under partial shade and applied with
Osmocote (18-6-12) and those grown under full sun and applied with Chamba slow release
fertilizer with a mean of 58.13 cm and 55.57 cm.; respectively.
Table 1. Final height at flowering (cm)
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT
TREATMENT
FINAL HEIGHT AT FLOWER ING (cm)
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU- CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
69.34b
47.33b
Full sun (<1000 fc)
72.28a
67.34a
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
84.27a
67.28a
Osmocote (14-14-14)
67.60c
59.22b
Osmocote (18-6-12)
71.33b
53.15c
Chamba (18-6-12)
60.05d
49.70c
Coefficient of Variation
2.96%
5.76%
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Result shows highly significant interaction effects obtained between the two light levels
and the different slow release fertilizers grown at BSU- Cabanao as shown in (Figure 10).
Plants grown under full sun applied with different fertilizers were the tallest with a mean
that ranges from 69.0 to 65.4 cm. but were comparable to Benguet Lily plants grown under
partial shade and were applied with Multicote with a mean of 65.57 cm. These was
followed by the plants grown under partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (14-14-
14) with a mean of 65.57 cm. Benguet lilies grown under partial shade applied with
Osmocote (18-6-12) and Chamba slow release fertilizer had a mean of 32.87 cm. and 36.87
cm; respectively.
partial (500-1000
90
a
a
shade
fc)
c
m)
80
b
full sun (<1000 fc)
c
c
e
ring (
70
d
flow
e
t
60
e
50
y plants a
il
40
t l
30
ngue
20
of Be
10
ight
0
inal he
multicote (17-17-
osmocote (16-16-
osmocote (18-6-
chamba (18-16-
F
17)
16)
12)
12)
Figure 9.Final height of Benguet Lily plants at flowering (cm) as influenced by light levels
and different slow release fertilizers grown at Atok, Benguet (mean with a
common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
a
a
70
a
a
a
c
m)
60
ring (
b
50
t flowe
40
c
c
y plants a
partial shade (500-1000 fc)
il
t l
30
full sun
(<1000 fc)
ngue
20
of Be
ight
10
inal he
F
0
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba
(17-17-17) (16-16-16) (18-6-12) (18-16-12)
Figure 10.Final height of Benguet Lily plants at flowering (cm) as influenced by light levels
and different slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao (mean with a
common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Number of Leaves per Plant at Flowering
Effect of light levels. There were highly significant differences on plants grown
under partial shade and full sun condition as shown on Table 2. Plants grown under full
sun had higher leaf count with a mean of 54.08 compared to the Benguet Lilies grown
partial shade with a mean of 44.00 under Atok, Benguet condition. Plants grown under
partial shade had higher leaf count with a mean of 51.75 followed by the plants grown
under full sun with a mean of 33.82 grown at BSU-Cabanao.
Gasilang (2010) found that the plants grown under full sun had higher leaf count.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Effect of slow release fertilizer. In table 2 there were highly significant differences
on the different kinds of slow release fertilizers applied with regards to the number of
leaves per plant at flowering grown under Atok, Benguet condition. Application of
Multicote enhanced the development of more leaves with a mean of 64.33 followed by
Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 49.67. Benguet Lily plants grown at BSU-Cabanao
shows no significant differences on the different kinds of slow release fertilizers applied.
However, Multicote had the highest number of leaves with a mean of 47.47 followed by
Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 43.17.
Interaction effect. Statistical analysis showed highly significant differences
obtained between the light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at Atok,
Benguet shown in (Figure 11). Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with
Multicote had the highest number of leaves with a mean of 74.67. These was followed by
plants grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 54.67
but were comparable to plants grown under partial shade that were applied with Multicote
with a mean of 54.0. Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with Chamba slow
release fertilizer had a mean of 47.67. Benguet lily grown partial shade applied with
Osmocote (14-14-14) had a mean of 44.67 comparable to plants grown partial shade
applied with Chamba (18-6-12) and grown full sun applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with
a mean of 40.33 and 39.33; respectively. Result shows highly significant differences
obtained between the light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-
Cabanao as shown in (Figure 12). Benguet lilies grown partial shade and were applied with
Multicote had the highest number of leaves with a mean of 60.0 but were comparable to
plants grown partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
54.33. These was followed by plants grown partial shade that were applied with Osmocote
(18-6-12) with a mean of 48.67 but were comparable to plants grown partial shade applied
with Chamba (18-6-12) with a mean of 44.0. Benguet lilies grown full sun that were applied
with different kinds of slow release fertilizers had a mean ranges 32.0 to 326.0
Table 2. Number of leaves per plant at flowering
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT
NUMBER OF LEAVES PER PLANT AT FLOWERING
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels (fc)
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
44.000a
51.750a
Full sun (<1000 fc)
54.083b
33.817b
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
64.333a
47.467a
Osmocote (14-14-14)
49.667b
43.167a
Osmocote (18-6-12)
38.167d
40.500a
Chamba (18-6-12)
44.000c
40.500a
Coefficient of Variation
6.59%
11.53%
Stem Thickness at Flowering (cm)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Effect of light levels. Table 3 shows highly significant differences on the effect of
light levels on the stem thickness(6 cm above the soil line) at flowering of Benguet lily
plants. Results shows that plants grown under full sun has the thickest stem with a mean of
3.53 cm. compared to plants grown under partial shade with a mean of 2.78 cm. under
Atok, Benguet condition. Benguet lily shows highly significant differences on the stem
thickness at floweringgrown at BSU-Cabanao. Plants grown under full sun condition were
thicker with a mean of 2.54 cm. compared to partial shade grown plants with a mean of
1.933 cm.
partial
(500-1000 fc)
shade
90
full sun
a
a
(<1000 fc)
ring
80
b
c
c
70
d
t flowe
60
e
e
y plants a
50
il
t l
40
gue
30
s of Ben
20
a
ve
le
10
r of
0
multicote (17-17-
osmocote (16-16-
osmocote (18-6-
chamba (18-16-12)
Numbe
17)
16)
12)
Figure 11.Number of leaves of Benguet lily plants at flowering as influenced by light levels
and different slow release fertilizers grown at Atok, Benguet (mean with a
common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Effect of slow release fertilizer. Result shows that there were highly significant
differences on the stem thickness at flowering as affected by different slow release
fertilizers as showed in Table 3. Plants that were applied with Multicote were the thickest
with a mean of 4.45 cm. followed by Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 3.02 cm. under
Atok, Benguet. Plants grown at BSU-Cabanao had the thickest stem with a mean of 2.57
cm. that were applied with Multicote followed by Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of
2.43 cm.
80
ring
a
70
t flowe
60
b
b
c
partial shade
y plants a
50
cd
il
de
(500-1000 fc)
t l
e
de
40
gue
full sun
30
(<1000 fc)
s of Ben
20
a
ve
le
10
r of
0
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba (18-
Numbe
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
16-12)
Figure 12. Number of leaves of Benguet lily plants at flowering as influenced by light
levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao (mean
with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Interaction effect. Result shows that there were highly significant effects obtained
between the two light levels and different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at Atok,
Benguet as shown in (Figure 13). Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with
Multicote had the thickest stem with a mean of 5.53 cm. These was followed by the plants
grown partial shade and were applied with Multicote and grown full sun and were applied
with Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 3.37 cm and 3.11 cm; respectively. The plants
grown partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (14-14-14 and 18-6-12) and plants
grown full sun applied with Chamba (18-6-12) had a mean ranges from 2.9 cm. to 3.03 cm.
Result shows that there were no significant effects obtained between the two light levels
and different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao.
Table 3. Stem thickness (6 cmabove the soil) at flowering
STEM THICKNESS AT FLOWERING
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
2.78b
1.93b
Full sun (<1000 fc)
3.53a
2.54a
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
4.45a
2.57a
Osmocote (14-14-14)
3.02b
2.43a
Osmocote (18-6-12)
2.98b
2.13b
Chamba (18-6-12)
2.18c
1.82c
Coefficient of Variation
10.65%
8.81%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Days from Transplanting To Flower Bud Formation
Effects of light levels. Table 4 shows no significant differences on the plant grown
under full sun and partial shade. Plants grown in full sun had a slight difference on the days
from transplanting to flower bud formation with a mean of 155.75 days while the plants
grown under partial shade with a mean of 153.83 days under Atok, Benguet condition.
Benguet lilies grown at BSU-Cabanao shows significant differences on the number of days
from transplanting to flower bud formation. Plants grown under partial shade were earlier
to form flower buds with a mean of 166.75 days than the plants grown under full sun with
a mean of 170.17 days.
Effect of slow release fertilizer. Result shows that there were no significant
differences on the number of days from transplanting to flower bud formation as affected
by slow release fertilizers under Atok, Benguet condition as shown in Table 4. However,
plants that were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) were the earliest to form flower buds
while the plants that were applied with Chamba (18-6-12) were the latest to form flower
bud. Plants grown at BSU-Cabanao shows highly significant differences on the number of
days from transplanting to flower bud formation. Benguet lilies that were applied with
Osmocote (18-6-12) were the earliest to form flower bud with a mean of 164.33 days while
Chamba (18-6-12) was the latest with a mean of 171.50 days.
Interaction effect. There were no interaction effects noted between the light levels
and slow release fertilizers used with regards to the number of days from transplanting to
flower bud formation under Atok, Benguet condition.
Result shows that there were highly significant effects obtained between the two
light levels and different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao as shown
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
in (Figure 14). The plants grown partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12)
were the earliest to form flower bud with a mean of 160.67 days. These was
Followed by Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with Multicote but were
comparable to plants grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with a
mean of 168.0 days. Plants that were grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote (14-
14-14) and Chamba (18-6-12) and plants grown partial shade and were applied with
Osmocote (14-14-14) had a mean ranges from 169.0 to 171.0 days. Lastly the plants grown
partial shade and were applied with Chamba (18-6-12) was the latest to form flower bud
with a mean of 172.0 days.
Table 4. Days from transplanting to flower bud formation
DAYS FROM TRANSPLANTING TO FLOWER BUD FORMATION
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
153.83
166.75b
Full sun (<1000 fc)
155.75
170.17a
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
154.33
168.83b
Osmocote (14-14-14)
155.17
169.17ab
Osmocote (18-6-12)
153.67
164.33c
Chamba (18-6-12)
156.00
171.50a
Coefficient of Variation
6.39%
1.21%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Days from Flower Bud Formation to Tight Bud Stage
Effect of light levels. Table 5 shows no significant differences on the plants grown
under full sun and partial shade. Plants grown in full sun had slight difference on the days
from flower bud formation to tight bud stage with a mean of 27. 83 days while partial shade
grown plants had a mean of 28.75 days under Atok, Benguet condition. Plants grown in
full sun had a mean of 27.58 days while plants grown on partial shade had a mean of 27.25
days under BSU-Cabanao condition.
a
60
ab
m)
bc
50
cd
y plants (c
40
de
e
il
partial shade
t l
e
e
(500-1000 fc)
30
full sun
(<1000 fc)
20
ss of Bengue
c
kne
10
tem thi
S
0
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba (18-
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
16-12)
Figure 13.Stem thickness of Benguet lily plants (6 cm. above the soil line) at flowering
(cm) as influenced by light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at
Atok, Benguet (mean with a common letter are not significantly different at 5%
level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Effect of slow release fertilizer. Likewise Table 5 shows that there were no
significant effects on the different kinds of slow release fertilizers with regards to the
number of days from flower bud formation to tight bud stage. Means ranges from 28.00-
28.67 days under Atok, Benguet condition while means ranges from 27.00- 28.00 days
grown at BSU-Cabanao.
Interaction effect. There were no interaction effect noted between the light levels
and different kinds of slow release fertilizers with regards to the number of days from
flower bud formation to tight bud stage.
6
r bud
a
5
ies to flowe
il
4
partial shade
t l
b
b
(500-1000 fc)
bc
bc bc
e
ngue
3
B
full sun
cd
mation
for
d
(<1000 fc)
ng of
2
a
nti
nspl
1
ra
om t
0
ys fr
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba
Da
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
(18-16-12)
Figure 14.Days from transplanting of Benguet lilies to flower bud formation as influenced
by light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown On-station (mean
with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Vaselife of Cutflowers
Effect of light levels. Table 6 shows that there were no significant effects of light
levels on the vaselife of cutflowers on both locations. However, plants grown under full
sun had longer vaselife with a mean of 5.17 days.
Effect of slow release fertilizers. Table 6 shows no significant differences of
different kinds of slow release fertilizers on the vaselife of cutflowers on the two locations.
Vaselife ranges from 4.67 to 5.17 under Atok, Benguet condition while 4.83 to 5.17 days
under BSU-Cabanao condition.
Interaction effect. There were no interaction effects noted between the light levels
and different kinds of slow release fertilizers used with regards to the vaselife of cutflowers
on both locations.
Stem Length of Cutflowers at Harvest
Effect of light levels. The effect of the light levels with regards to the cutflower
stem length as shown in Table 8 that there were no significant differences on the plant
grown at Atok while the plants grown at BSU-Cabanao shows highly significant
differences. Plants grown under full sun had a mean of 57.51 cm. while 39.01 cm. on the
partial shade; respectively.
Effect of slow release fertilizers. It was shown on Table 7 that there were highly
significant differences on the effect of different kinds of slow release fertilizers in regards
to the stem length of cutflowers at harvest on bothtwo locations.Application of Multicote
produced significantly the longest cutflower stem which had a mean of 67.58 cm. followed
by 55.32 cm. Short stem was measured from the Chamba (18-6-12) treated plants with a
mean of 50.78 cm. grown at Atok, Benguet. Benguet lily plants grown at
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Table 5. Days from flower bud formation to tight bud stage
DAYS FROM FLOWER BUD FORMATION TO TIGHT BUD
TREATMENT
AT
ST OK
AGE , BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000
28.75
27.25
fc)
Full sun (<1000 fc)
27.83
27.88
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
28.67
28.00
Osmocote (14-14-14)
28.50
27.00
Osmocote (18-6-12)
28.00
27.50
Chamba (18-6-12)
28.00
27.17
Coefficient of Variation
4.04%
3.85%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
BSU-Cabanaowas the tallest with a mean of 54.60 cm. and were applied with Multicote
followed by 52.65 cm. while the plants with short stem were applied with Chamba (18-6-
12) with a mean of 41.67 cm.
Interaction effect. Result shows that there were highly significant effects obtained
between the two light levels and different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at Atok,
Benguet as shown in (Figure 15). Plants grown under full sun and partial shade that were
applied with Multicote had the longest stem with a mean of 67.67 cm. and 67.5 cm. but
were comparable to Benguet lily plants grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote
(14-14-14) and with a mean of 63.23 cm. These was followed by plants grown full sun and
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with a mean of 59.33 cm. and
57.60 cm. Benguet lily plants grown partial shade that were applied with Chamba (18-6-
12) had amean of 54.0 cm. Plants that had the shortest stem were the plants grown
under partial shade that were applied with Osmocote (14-14-14) and full sun applied with
Chamba (18-6-12) with a mean of 57.60 and 47.57 cm; respectively.Result shows that there
were highly significant effects obtained between the two light levels and
different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao as shown in (Figure 16).
Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with Multicote, Osmocote (14-14-14), and
Chamba (18-6-12) had the longest stem with a mean ranges from 56.4 cm to 59.0 cm. These
were followed by plants grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with a
mean of 56.03 cm. Plants with the shortest stem were the plants grown partial shade and
were applied withOsmocote (18-6-12) and Chamba (18-6-12) with a mean of 32.20 cm.
and 26.93 cm.; respectively.
Occurrence of Insect Pest and Diseases
There were no diseases observed throughout the cropping period but insect pests
greatly affected the Benguet lily. Aphids affected greatly the growth of Benguet lily
plants.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Table 6. Vaselife of cutflowers (days)
VASELIFE OF CUTFLOWERS (DAYS)
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels (fc)
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
4.92
4.83
Full sun (<1000 fc)
5.17
5.17
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
5.17
5.00
Osmocote (14-14-14)
5.17
5.17
Osmocote (18-6-12)
5.17
4.83
Chamba (18-6-12)
4.67
5.00
Coefficient of Variation
10.03%
11.02%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
Initial Soil Analysis
The initial soil analysis showed in Table 7 had a pH of 6 with organic matter of
19.87%. The nitrogen content was 1.68% with a Phosphorous content of 11.94 ppm and
Potassium content of 108.57 ppm
Table 7. Initial soil analysis
pH
OM(%)
N (%)
P (ppm)
K (ppm)
6
19.87
1.68
11.94
108.57
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Table 8. Stem length of cutflowers at harvest (cm)
STEM LENGTH OF CUTFLOWERS AT HARVEST (cm)
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
56.63
39.01
Full sun (<1000 fc)
59.45
57.51
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
67.58a
54.60a
Osmocote (14-14-14)
55.32b
52.65a
Osmocote (18-6-12)
58.47b
44.12b
Chamba (18-6-12)
50.78c
41.67b
Coefficient of Variation
6.03%
6.98%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
Meteorological Data
BSU-Cabanao. Meteorological data as shown in Table 9 was obtained at the BSU
PGASA Balili, La Trinidad, Benguet from September 2012 to April 2013. Relative
humidity decreased from October to February and had increased from March to April. The
maximum and minimum temperatures were the highest during the month of April while
the rest of the growing season had low temperatures during the month of October to
February. Rainfall had the highest during the month of September while the month of
February had the longest sunshine duration.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
174
a
)
a
172
ab
(
c
m
170
ab ab
e
r
s
bc
168
f
l
ow
166
c
164
t
l
i
l
y
cut
partial shade
162
d
(500-1000 fc)
e
ngue
160
full sun
B
158
(<1000 fc)
h
of
156
l
e
ngt
154
m
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba (18-
Ste
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
16-12)
Figure 15.Stem length of Benguet lily plants cutflowersat harvest (cm) as influenced by
light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at Atok, Benguet (mean
with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
)
(
c
m
70
a
a
ab
e
r
s
bc bc
60
c
f
l
ow
50
d
d
partial shade
i
l
y
cut
40
(500-1000 fc)
t
l
full sun
30
e
ngue
(<1000 fc)
20
B
h
of
10
0
l
e
ngt
m
multicote
osmocote
osmocote chamba (18-
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
16-12)
Ste
Figure 16.Stem length of Benguet lily cutflowers at harvest (cm) as influenced by light
levels and different slow release fertilizers grown On-station (mean with a
common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Atok, Benguet. The meteorological data on September 2012 to April 2013 as shown
in Table 10 shows the maximum and minimum temperatures were the highest during the
month of April. Relative humidity decreases from the month of February to April. January
had the shortest sunshine duration while the month of October had the highest rainfall.
Table 9. Meteorological data collected in BSU-PAGASA
TEMPERATURE (OC)
RELATIVE
RAINFALL
SUNSHINE
MONTHS MAXIMUM
HUMIDITY
(mm)
DURATION
MINIMUM
(%)
(hours)
September
23.98
17.45
88.33
00155.96
4.263
October
23.7
15.1
82.13
00021
5.685
November
24.2
15.2
80.53
00141
6.331
December
24.2
14.5
80.61
00001
6.295
January
23.7
12.3
80.45
00005
6.0
February
24.3
13.7
80.11
00001
6.3283
March
25.5
16.9
83.16
00025
5.0766
April
26.3
16.32
83.25
0046.5
6.2083
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Table 10. Meteorological data collected in Atok, Benguet
TEMPERATURE (OC)
RELATIVE
RAINFALL
SUNSHINE
MONTHS MAXIMUM
HUMIDITY
(mm)
DURATION
MINIMUM
(%)
(hours)
September
24.32
14.92
95.45
00109.2
4.9033
October
22.78
11.92
96.03
00162.7
3.8783
November
23.84
10.76
80.53
00034.3
4.2516
December
24.6
12.9
97.64
00053.8
3.4966
January
23.9
15.5
97.74
00037
2.2466
February
25.8
13.8
92.62
00011.8
3.1466
March
26.6
14.6
90.62
00046.6
3.87
April
26.3
12.2
83.56
00054.6
2.5966
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The study was conducted at the Ornamental Horticultural Research area, Benguet
State University, La Trinidad and Km. 24, Caliking, Atok, from September to April 2013
to determine the response of Benguet Lily plants to different light levels and different kinds
of slow release fertilizer application.
Results revealed that there were highly significantly differences on the final height
and number of leaves at flowering, stem length of cutflower at harvest, and stem thickness
as affected by light levels and slow release fertilizer. Benguet lily grown under full sun
condition had taller plants with more number of leaves, and thicker stems. Application of
Multicote (17-17-17) promoted vegetative growth and producing the tallest plants.
However, there were no significant differences obtained on the days from transplanting to
flower to flower bud formation, days from flower bud formation to tight bud stage and
vaselife of cutflowers in all treatments. Application of Multicote grown under full sun
promoted vegetative growth, reproductive growth and the cutflower quality on the two
locations. The Benguet Lily plants grown at Atok, Benguet had improved vegetative
growth with taller plants, ten additional leaves, thicker stems, earlier flower bud formation,
and longer stem length.
The initial soil analysis before planting of the bulbs showed that the soil had a pH
of 6 which is slightly acidic. The soil contains high amount of Nitrogen, medium amount
of Phosphorous and it had a sufficient amount of Potassium.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Conclusion
It is therefore concluded that the application of slow release fertilizer Multicote at
6 g/ 15 cm PEP pot grown under full sun to Benguet lily plants significantly improved the
vegetative growth producing taller plants with more number of leaves and thickest stem,
reproductive growth, producing plants with the earliest to form flower bud and better
cutflower quality producing longer stems compared to the other treatments.
Recommendation
Based on the findings of the study, application of 6 g/ 15 cm PEP pot of Multicote
grown under full sun at Atok,Benguet is the best treatment for Benguet lily. Multicote is
therefore recommended as a slow release fertilizer for Benguet lily and full sun condition
is the best light levels to produce plants taller plants with longer and thicker stems and
more leaves grown at Atok, Benguet.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
LITERATURE CITED
AMPAGUEY, D.W., I.D. CADELINA, M.D. DIMAS, A.B. MANG-OY and
J.A.PALAEZ. 2003. In-vitro propagation of Benguet lily (Liliumphilippinensis).
BS Thesis (Unpub.). BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 1-3, 5-7.
ANTONIO, A.C. 2006. Effect of Different Kinds and Rates of Slow
Release Fertilizers on the growth and Flowering of Benguet lily
(Liliumphilippinensis). Thesis (Unpub.). BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 1-7.
ARTAJO, E.A. 2000. City of Dipolog Flower. Retrieved November 1,
1999from http:/www.slipnet/~geri/g.pages/ ph.Batanes01.Html.
ASUNCION, R.G., K.R. FLORES and F.D. SAN MIGUEL JR.
1976.Introduction to Floriculture and Landscape gardening. Practical Arts. Sta.
Cruz., Manila; Saint Mary’s Pub. Pp. 59, 63.
BAUTISTA, O.K., H.V. VLMAYOR, P.C. TABORA, R.R. ESPINO,
J.B. SANGALANG. 1983. Introduction to Tropical Horticulture. UPLB, Los
Banos, Laguna. P. 231.
BIRD, R. 1991. Lilies. 6 Blundell Street, London. Quintet Publishing Limited. Pp. 23, 25.
BOARDHAM, N.K. 1977. Comparative Photosynthesis of Sun and Shade Plant. Annual
Review of Plant Physiology. 28:355-377.
BUYAS, N.A. 1994. Effects of Organic and Inorganic fertilizer on the Growth
and Flowering Of English Daisy (Bellisperensis). BSU Thesis (unpub.). BSU, La
Trinidad, Benguet. P. 55.
CIMATU, F.E. 2000. What’s the story of Benguet lily? Philippine Daily Inquirer.
15:75.
FRENCH and ALSBURG. 1989. Comparison of controlled fertilizer for the
production of Rhododendron ‘Anna Rave Whitney’. Hort. Sci. 15:91.
GARDNER, J.R. 1949. Basic Horticulture. New York. The Macmillan Book Co. P. 146.
GASILAN, R.C. 2010. Growth and Flowering of BenguetLily
(Liliumphilippinensis) Affected by Light Intensity and Different Potting Media.
BSU Thesis (unpub.) BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 3-4.
HARTMAN, H.T., D.E. KESTER and F.T. DAVIES, JR.
1986.Plantpropagation,Principles and practices. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:
Prentice Hall. Pp. 479- 481; 488-489.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
HERMANO, F.G. Sr. 2000. LilyProduction. A commercial production technoguide
for highland Philppines. A consultant’s Manual. Pp. 1, 3-7, 15-17.
JOINER, J. 1982. Foliar plant production. New Jersey. Prentice Hall. P. 164.
MARTIN, G. 1988. Plantphysiology.The American Society of Plant physiologists. P.
16.
MILLER, B.W. 1992. Easter and hybrid lilyproducion. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press,
Inc. Pp. 43, 69, 105.
OLARTE, A. 2000. Battle for official flower of Benguet goes on. Philippine Daily Inquirer.
February 28, 2001. Pp. 17-18.
REHM, G. 1994. Fertilizer managementndTechnology. Houston, Texas. Academic
Press Inc. Pp. 179-188.
REILEY, H.E. and C . SHRY JR. 1991. Introductory Horticulture. Albany, New York.
Delmar Publishers Inc. P. 143.
SCOTTS, C. 1996. Growing medium and fertilization regime influences growth
and essential oil of rosemary. Hort. Sci. 26:91.
WATTS, R.L. 1972. Vegetable Gardening. New York. Orange Jade Pub. Pp.158, 511.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
SELVINO, JOYCE L. May 2013. Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium
philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow Release Fertilizer Treatments.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Araceli G. Ladilad, Ph.D.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted at the Ornamental Horticulture Research Area, Benguet
State University, La Trinidad and Km. 24, Caliking, Atok, from September 2012 to April
2013 to determine the response of Benguet Lily plants to different light levels and different
kinds of slow release fertilizer application.
Results show that Benguet Lily plants grown under full sun condition had
significantly improved vegetative growth producing taller plants with ten additional leaves
and thicker stems.
Benguet Lily plants applied with slow release fertilizer Multicote at 6 g/ 15 cm PEP
pot had significantly improved the growth of the Benguet Lily producing taller plants with
ten additional leaves and thicker stems, with longer stem length at harvest.
Benguet Lily plants applied with slow release fertilizer Multicote at 6 g/ 15 cm PEP
pot grown under full sun had significantly improved vegetative growth producing taller
plants with ten additional number of leaves and thicker stems, earlier reproductive growth,
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
producing plants with the earliest flower bud formation and better cutflower quality
producing longer stems compared to plants applied with the other fertilizer treatments.
Results show that Benguet Lily plants grown under Atok, Benguet condition had
improved vegetative growth with taller plants, ten additional leaves, thicker stems, earlier
flower bud formation, and longer stem length than those grown in BSU-Cabanao, La
Trinidad.
Multicote (17-17-17) is therefore, recommended as a slow release fertilizer for
Benguet Lily grown under full sun condition which is the best light level to produce taller
Benguet Lily plants with longer and thicker stems and more leaves at flowering grown in
Atok, Benguet.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Final Height at Flowering (cm)
Effect of light levels. The effect of light levels on the final height at flowering of
Benguet lily is shown in Table 1. Results showed that there were highly significant
differences on the final height of Benguet Lily plants at flowering. Benguet Lily plants
grown at Atok, Benguet under full sun condition were taller with a mean of 72.28 cm. and
were significantly taller than those grown under partial shade with a mean of 69.34 cm.
Benguet lilies planted at BSU-Cabanao grown under full sun condition were also taller than
the Benguet lily grown under partial shade.
Effect of slow release fertilizer. Highly significant differences were obtained on the
final height at flowering of Benguet Lilies as shown in Table 1. Application of Multicote
(17-17-17) slow release fertilizer promoted vegetative growth by producing the tallest
plants with a mean of 84.27 cm; while the plants applied with Chamba slow release
fertilizer were the shortest with a mean of 60.05 cm. and grown at Atok, Benguet. Benguet
Lilies applied with Multicote were the tallest plant with a mean of 67.28 cm. and grown at
BSU-Cabanao. Plants treated with Chamba were the shortest with a mean of 49.70 cm.
Antonio (2006) found that application of Multicote promoted vegetative growth by
producing the tallest plants at flowering.
Interaction effect. Results showed highly significant interaction effects obtained
between the two light levels and the different slow release fertilizers in plants grown at
Atok, Benguet as shown in (Figure 9). Benguet Lily grown under full sun and applied with
Multicote(17-17-17) were the tallest with a mean of 84.4 cm. but were comparable to plants
that were grown under partial shade and applied with Multicote with a mean of 84.11 cm.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
These was followed by the Benguet Lilies grown under full sun applied with Osmocote
(14-14-14) with a mean of 77.07 cm. Benguet Lily grown under full sun and partial shade
applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with a mean of 72.1cm. and 70.57 cm.; respectively.
Benguet Lily grown under partial shade applied with Chamba slow release fertilizer had a
mean of 64.53 cm. Shortest plants were those grown under partial shade and applied with
Osmocote (18-6-12) and those grown under full sun and applied with Chamba slow release
fertilizer with a mean of 58.13 cm and 55.57 cm.; respectively.
Table 1. Final height at flowering (cm)
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT
TREATMENT
FINAL HEIGHT AT FLOWER ING (cm)
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU- CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
69.34b
47.33b
Full sun (<1000 fc)
72.28a
67.34a
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
84.27a
67.28a
Osmocote (14-14-14)
67.60c
59.22b
Osmocote (18-6-12)
71.33b
53.15c
Chamba (18-6-12)
60.05d
49.70c
Coefficient of Variation
2.96%
5.76%
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Result shows highly significant interaction effects obtained between the two light levels
and the different slow release fertilizers grown at BSU- Cabanao as shown in (Figure 10).
Plants grown under full sun applied with different fertilizers were the tallest with a mean
that ranges from 69.0 to 65.4 cm. but were comparable to Benguet Lily plants grown under
partial shade and were applied with Multicote with a mean of 65.57 cm. These was
followed by the plants grown under partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (14-14-
14) with a mean of 65.57 cm. Benguet lilies grown under partial shade applied with
Osmocote (18-6-12) and Chamba slow release fertilizer had a mean of 32.87 cm. and 36.87
cm; respectively.
partial (500-1000
90
a
a
shade
fc)
c
m)
80
b
full sun (<1000 fc)
c
c
e
ring (
70
d
flow
e
t
60
e
50
y plants a
il
40
t l
30
ngue
20
of Be
10
ight
0
inal he
multicote (17-17-
osmocote (16-16-
osmocote (18-6-
chamba (18-16-
F
17)
16)
12)
12)
Figure 9.Final height of Benguet Lily plants at flowering (cm) as influenced by light levels
and different slow release fertilizers grown at Atok, Benguet (mean with a
common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
a
a
70
a
a
a
c
m)
60
ring (
b
50
t flowe
40
c
c
y plants a
partial shade (500-1000 fc)
il
t l
30
full sun
(<1000 fc)
ngue
20
of Be
ight
10
inal he
F
0
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba
(17-17-17) (16-16-16) (18-6-12) (18-16-12)
Figure 10.Final height of Benguet Lily plants at flowering (cm) as influenced by light levels
and different slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao (mean with a
common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Number of Leaves per Plant at Flowering
Effect of light levels. There were highly significant differences on plants grown
under partial shade and full sun condition as shown on Table 2. Plants grown under full
sun had higher leaf count with a mean of 54.08 compared to the Benguet Lilies grown
partial shade with a mean of 44.00 under Atok, Benguet condition. Plants grown under
partial shade had higher leaf count with a mean of 51.75 followed by the plants grown
under full sun with a mean of 33.82 grown at BSU-Cabanao.
Gasilang (2010) found that the plants grown under full sun had higher leaf count.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Effect of slow release fertilizer. In table 2 there were highly significant differences
on the different kinds of slow release fertilizers applied with regards to the number of
leaves per plant at flowering grown under Atok, Benguet condition. Application of
Multicote enhanced the development of more leaves with a mean of 64.33 followed by
Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 49.67. Benguet Lily plants grown at BSU-Cabanao
shows no significant differences on the different kinds of slow release fertilizers applied.
However, Multicote had the highest number of leaves with a mean of 47.47 followed by
Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 43.17.
Interaction effect. Statistical analysis showed highly significant differences
obtained between the light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at Atok,
Benguet shown in (Figure 11). Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with
Multicote had the highest number of leaves with a mean of 74.67. These was followed by
plants grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 54.67
but were comparable to plants grown under partial shade that were applied with Multicote
with a mean of 54.0. Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with Chamba slow
release fertilizer had a mean of 47.67. Benguet lily grown partial shade applied with
Osmocote (14-14-14) had a mean of 44.67 comparable to plants grown partial shade
applied with Chamba (18-6-12) and grown full sun applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with
a mean of 40.33 and 39.33; respectively. Result shows highly significant differences
obtained between the light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-
Cabanao as shown in (Figure 12). Benguet lilies grown partial shade and were applied with
Multicote had the highest number of leaves with a mean of 60.0 but were comparable to
plants grown partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
54.33. These was followed by plants grown partial shade that were applied with Osmocote
(18-6-12) with a mean of 48.67 but were comparable to plants grown partial shade applied
with Chamba (18-6-12) with a mean of 44.0. Benguet lilies grown full sun that were applied
with different kinds of slow release fertilizers had a mean ranges 32.0 to 326.0
Table 2. Number of leaves per plant at flowering
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT
NUMBER OF LEAVES PER PLANT AT FLOWERING
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels (fc)
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
44.000a
51.750a
Full sun (<1000 fc)
54.083b
33.817b
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
64.333a
47.467a
Osmocote (14-14-14)
49.667b
43.167a
Osmocote (18-6-12)
38.167d
40.500a
Chamba (18-6-12)
44.000c
40.500a
Coefficient of Variation
6.59%
11.53%
Stem Thickness at Flowering (cm)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Effect of light levels. Table 3 shows highly significant differences on the effect of
light levels on the stem thickness(6 cm above the soil line) at flowering of Benguet lily
plants. Results shows that plants grown under full sun has the thickest stem with a mean of
3.53 cm. compared to plants grown under partial shade with a mean of 2.78 cm. under
Atok, Benguet condition. Benguet lily shows highly significant differences on the stem
thickness at floweringgrown at BSU-Cabanao. Plants grown under full sun condition were
thicker with a mean of 2.54 cm. compared to partial shade grown plants with a mean of
1.933 cm.
partial
(500-1000 fc)
shade
90
full sun
a
a
(<1000 fc)
ring
80
b
c
c
70
d
t flowe
60
e
e
y plants a
50
il
t l
40
gue
30
s of Ben
20
a
ve
le
10
r of
0
multicote (17-17-
osmocote (16-16-
osmocote (18-6-
chamba (18-16-12)
Numbe
17)
16)
12)
Figure 11.Number of leaves of Benguet lily plants at flowering as influenced by light levels
and different slow release fertilizers grown at Atok, Benguet (mean with a
common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Effect of slow release fertilizer. Result shows that there were highly significant
differences on the stem thickness at flowering as affected by different slow release
fertilizers as showed in Table 3. Plants that were applied with Multicote were the thickest
with a mean of 4.45 cm. followed by Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 3.02 cm. under
Atok, Benguet. Plants grown at BSU-Cabanao had the thickest stem with a mean of 2.57
cm. that were applied with Multicote followed by Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of
2.43 cm.
80
ring
a
70
t flowe
60
b
b
c
partial shade
y plants a
50
cd
il
de
(500-1000 fc)
t l
e
de
40
gue
full sun
30
(<1000 fc)
s of Ben
20
a
ve
le
10
r of
0
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba (18-
Numbe
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
16-12)
Figure 12. Number of leaves of Benguet lily plants at flowering as influenced by light
levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao (mean
with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Interaction effect. Result shows that there were highly significant effects obtained
between the two light levels and different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at Atok,
Benguet as shown in (Figure 13). Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with
Multicote had the thickest stem with a mean of 5.53 cm. These was followed by the plants
grown partial shade and were applied with Multicote and grown full sun and were applied
with Osmocote (14-14-14) with a mean of 3.37 cm and 3.11 cm; respectively. The plants
grown partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (14-14-14 and 18-6-12) and plants
grown full sun applied with Chamba (18-6-12) had a mean ranges from 2.9 cm. to 3.03 cm.
Result shows that there were no significant effects obtained between the two light levels
and different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao.
Table 3. Stem thickness (6 cmabove the soil) at flowering
STEM THICKNESS AT FLOWERING
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
2.78b
1.93b
Full sun (<1000 fc)
3.53a
2.54a
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
4.45a
2.57a
Osmocote (14-14-14)
3.02b
2.43a
Osmocote (18-6-12)
2.98b
2.13b
Chamba (18-6-12)
2.18c
1.82c
Coefficient of Variation
10.65%
8.81%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Days from Transplanting To Flower Bud Formation
Effects of light levels. Table 4 shows no significant differences on the plant grown
under full sun and partial shade. Plants grown in full sun had a slight difference on the days
from transplanting to flower bud formation with a mean of 155.75 days while the plants
grown under partial shade with a mean of 153.83 days under Atok, Benguet condition.
Benguet lilies grown at BSU-Cabanao shows significant differences on the number of days
from transplanting to flower bud formation. Plants grown under partial shade were earlier
to form flower buds with a mean of 166.75 days than the plants grown under full sun with
a mean of 170.17 days.
Effect of slow release fertilizer. Result shows that there were no significant
differences on the number of days from transplanting to flower bud formation as affected
by slow release fertilizers under Atok, Benguet condition as shown in Table 4. However,
plants that were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) were the earliest to form flower buds
while the plants that were applied with Chamba (18-6-12) were the latest to form flower
bud. Plants grown at BSU-Cabanao shows highly significant differences on the number of
days from transplanting to flower bud formation. Benguet lilies that were applied with
Osmocote (18-6-12) were the earliest to form flower bud with a mean of 164.33 days while
Chamba (18-6-12) was the latest with a mean of 171.50 days.
Interaction effect. There were no interaction effects noted between the light levels
and slow release fertilizers used with regards to the number of days from transplanting to
flower bud formation under Atok, Benguet condition.
Result shows that there were highly significant effects obtained between the two
light levels and different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao as shown
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
in (Figure 14). The plants grown partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12)
were the earliest to form flower bud with a mean of 160.67 days. These was
Followed by Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with Multicote but were
comparable to plants grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with a
mean of 168.0 days. Plants that were grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote (14-
14-14) and Chamba (18-6-12) and plants grown partial shade and were applied with
Osmocote (14-14-14) had a mean ranges from 169.0 to 171.0 days. Lastly the plants grown
partial shade and were applied with Chamba (18-6-12) was the latest to form flower bud
with a mean of 172.0 days.
Table 4. Days from transplanting to flower bud formation
DAYS FROM TRANSPLANTING TO FLOWER BUD FORMATION
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
153.83
166.75b
Full sun (<1000 fc)
155.75
170.17a
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
154.33
168.83b
Osmocote (14-14-14)
155.17
169.17ab
Osmocote (18-6-12)
153.67
164.33c
Chamba (18-6-12)
156.00
171.50a
Coefficient of Variation
6.39%
1.21%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Days from Flower Bud Formation to Tight Bud Stage
Effect of light levels. Table 5 shows no significant differences on the plants grown
under full sun and partial shade. Plants grown in full sun had slight difference on the days
from flower bud formation to tight bud stage with a mean of 27. 83 days while partial shade
grown plants had a mean of 28.75 days under Atok, Benguet condition. Plants grown in
full sun had a mean of 27.58 days while plants grown on partial shade had a mean of 27.25
days under BSU-Cabanao condition.
a
60
ab
m)
bc
50
cd
y plants (c
40
de
e
il
partial shade
t l
e
e
(500-1000 fc)
30
full sun
(<1000 fc)
20
ss of Bengue
c
kne
10
tem thi
S
0
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba (18-
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
16-12)
Figure 13.Stem thickness of Benguet lily plants (6 cm. above the soil line) at flowering
(cm) as influenced by light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at
Atok, Benguet (mean with a common letter are not significantly different at 5%
level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Effect of slow release fertilizer. Likewise Table 5 shows that there were no
significant effects on the different kinds of slow release fertilizers with regards to the
number of days from flower bud formation to tight bud stage. Means ranges from 28.00-
28.67 days under Atok, Benguet condition while means ranges from 27.00- 28.00 days
grown at BSU-Cabanao.
Interaction effect. There were no interaction effect noted between the light levels
and different kinds of slow release fertilizers with regards to the number of days from
flower bud formation to tight bud stage.
6
r bud
a
5
ies to flowe
il
4
partial shade
t l
b
b
(500-1000 fc)
bc
bc bc
e
ngue
3
B
full sun
cd
mation
for
d
(<1000 fc)
ng of
2
a
nti
nspl
1
ra
om t
0
ys fr
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba
Da
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
(18-16-12)
Figure 14.Days from transplanting of Benguet lilies to flower bud formation as influenced
by light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown On-station (mean
with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Vaselife of Cutflowers
Effect of light levels. Table 6 shows that there were no significant effects of light
levels on the vaselife of cutflowers on both locations. However, plants grown under full
sun had longer vaselife with a mean of 5.17 days.
Effect of slow release fertilizers. Table 6 shows no significant differences of
different kinds of slow release fertilizers on the vaselife of cutflowers on the two locations.
Vaselife ranges from 4.67 to 5.17 under Atok, Benguet condition while 4.83 to 5.17 days
under BSU-Cabanao condition.
Interaction effect. There were no interaction effects noted between the light levels
and different kinds of slow release fertilizers used with regards to the vaselife of cutflowers
on both locations.
Stem Length of Cutflowers at Harvest
Effect of light levels. The effect of the light levels with regards to the cutflower
stem length as shown in Table 8 that there were no significant differences on the plant
grown at Atok while the plants grown at BSU-Cabanao shows highly significant
differences. Plants grown under full sun had a mean of 57.51 cm. while 39.01 cm. on the
partial shade; respectively.
Effect of slow release fertilizers. It was shown on Table 7 that there were highly
significant differences on the effect of different kinds of slow release fertilizers in regards
to the stem length of cutflowers at harvest on bothtwo locations.Application of Multicote
produced significantly the longest cutflower stem which had a mean of 67.58 cm. followed
by 55.32 cm. Short stem was measured from the Chamba (18-6-12) treated plants with a
mean of 50.78 cm. grown at Atok, Benguet. Benguet lily plants grown at
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Table 5. Days from flower bud formation to tight bud stage
DAYS FROM FLOWER BUD FORMATION TO TIGHT BUD
TREATMENT
AT
ST OK
AGE , BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000
28.75
27.25
fc)
Full sun (<1000 fc)
27.83
27.88
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
28.67
28.00
Osmocote (14-14-14)
28.50
27.00
Osmocote (18-6-12)
28.00
27.50
Chamba (18-6-12)
28.00
27.17
Coefficient of Variation
4.04%
3.85%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
BSU-Cabanaowas the tallest with a mean of 54.60 cm. and were applied with Multicote
followed by 52.65 cm. while the plants with short stem were applied with Chamba (18-6-
12) with a mean of 41.67 cm.
Interaction effect. Result shows that there were highly significant effects obtained
between the two light levels and different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at Atok,
Benguet as shown in (Figure 15). Plants grown under full sun and partial shade that were
applied with Multicote had the longest stem with a mean of 67.67 cm. and 67.5 cm. but
were comparable to Benguet lily plants grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote
(14-14-14) and with a mean of 63.23 cm. These was followed by plants grown full sun and
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
partial shade and were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with a mean of 59.33 cm. and
57.60 cm. Benguet lily plants grown partial shade that were applied with Chamba (18-6-
12) had amean of 54.0 cm. Plants that had the shortest stem were the plants grown
under partial shade that were applied with Osmocote (14-14-14) and full sun applied with
Chamba (18-6-12) with a mean of 57.60 and 47.57 cm; respectively.Result shows that there
were highly significant effects obtained between the two light levels and
different kinds of slow release fertilizers grown at BSU-Cabanao as shown in (Figure 16).
Benguet lilies grown full sun and were applied with Multicote, Osmocote (14-14-14), and
Chamba (18-6-12) had the longest stem with a mean ranges from 56.4 cm to 59.0 cm. These
were followed by plants grown full sun and were applied with Osmocote (18-6-12) with a
mean of 56.03 cm. Plants with the shortest stem were the plants grown partial shade and
were applied withOsmocote (18-6-12) and Chamba (18-6-12) with a mean of 32.20 cm.
and 26.93 cm.; respectively.
Occurrence of Insect Pest and Diseases
There were no diseases observed throughout the cropping period but insect pests
greatly affected the Benguet lily. Aphids affected greatly the growth of Benguet lily
plants.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Table 6. Vaselife of cutflowers (days)
VASELIFE OF CUTFLOWERS (DAYS)
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels (fc)
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
4.92
4.83
Full sun (<1000 fc)
5.17
5.17
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
5.17
5.00
Osmocote (14-14-14)
5.17
5.17
Osmocote (18-6-12)
5.17
4.83
Chamba (18-6-12)
4.67
5.00
Coefficient of Variation
10.03%
11.02%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
Initial Soil Analysis
The initial soil analysis showed in Table 7 had a pH of 6 with organic matter of
19.87%. The nitrogen content was 1.68% with a Phosphorous content of 11.94 ppm and
Potassium content of 108.57 ppm
Table 7. Initial soil analysis
pH
OM(%)
N (%)
P (ppm)
K (ppm)
6
19.87
1.68
11.94
108.57
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Table 8. Stem length of cutflowers at harvest (cm)
STEM LENGTH OF CUTFLOWERS AT HARVEST (cm)
TREATMENT
ATOK, BENGUET
BSU-CABANAO
Light Levels
Partial shade (500-1000 fc)
56.63
39.01
Full sun (<1000 fc)
59.45
57.51
Slow Release Fertilizer
Multicote (17-17-17)
67.58a
54.60a
Osmocote (14-14-14)
55.32b
52.65a
Osmocote (18-6-12)
58.47b
44.12b
Chamba (18-6-12)
50.78c
41.67b
Coefficient of Variation
6.03%
6.98%
Means with a common letter are not significantly difference at 5% level by DMRT
Meteorological Data
BSU-Cabanao. Meteorological data as shown in Table 9 was obtained at the BSU
PGASA Balili, La Trinidad, Benguet from September 2012 to April 2013. Relative
humidity decreased from October to February and had increased from March to April. The
maximum and minimum temperatures were the highest during the month of April while
the rest of the growing season had low temperatures during the month of October to
February. Rainfall had the highest during the month of September while the month of
February had the longest sunshine duration.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
174
a
)
a
172
ab
(
c
m
170
ab ab
e
r
s
bc
168
f
l
ow
166
c
164
t
l
i
l
y
cut
partial shade
162
d
(500-1000 fc)
e
ngue
160
full sun
B
158
(<1000 fc)
h
of
156
l
e
ngt
154
m
multicote
osmocote
osmocote
chamba (18-
Ste
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
16-12)
Figure 15.Stem length of Benguet lily plants cutflowersat harvest (cm) as influenced by
light levels and different slow release fertilizers grown at Atok, Benguet (mean
with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
)
(
c
m
70
a
a
ab
e
r
s
bc bc
60
c
f
l
ow
50
d
d
partial shade
i
l
y
cut
40
(500-1000 fc)
t
l
full sun
30
e
ngue
(<1000 fc)
20
B
h
of
10
0
l
e
ngt
m
multicote
osmocote
osmocote chamba (18-
(17-17-17)
(16-16-16)
(18-6-12)
16-12)
Ste
Figure 16.Stem length of Benguet lily cutflowers at harvest (cm) as influenced by light
levels and different slow release fertilizers grown On-station (mean with a
common letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT)
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Atok, Benguet. The meteorological data on September 2012 to April 2013 as shown
in Table 10 shows the maximum and minimum temperatures were the highest during the
month of April. Relative humidity decreases from the month of February to April. January
had the shortest sunshine duration while the month of October had the highest rainfall.
Table 9. Meteorological data collected in BSU-PAGASA
TEMPERATURE (OC)
RELATIVE
RAINFALL
SUNSHINE
MONTHS MAXIMUM
HUMIDITY
(mm)
DURATION
MINIMUM
(%)
(hours)
September
23.98
17.45
88.33
00155.96
4.263
October
23.7
15.1
82.13
00021
5.685
November
24.2
15.2
80.53
00141
6.331
December
24.2
14.5
80.61
00001
6.295
January
23.7
12.3
80.45
00005
6.0
February
24.3
13.7
80.11
00001
6.3283
March
25.5
16.9
83.16
00025
5.0766
April
26.3
16.32
83.25
0046.5
6.2083
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Table 10. Meteorological data collected in Atok, Benguet
TEMPERATURE (OC)
RELATIVE
RAINFALL
SUNSHINE
MONTHS MAXIMUM
HUMIDITY
(mm)
DURATION
MINIMUM
(%)
(hours)
September
24.32
14.92
95.45
00109.2
4.9033
October
22.78
11.92
96.03
00162.7
3.8783
November
23.84
10.76
80.53
00034.3
4.2516
December
24.6
12.9
97.64
00053.8
3.4966
January
23.9
15.5
97.74
00037
2.2466
February
25.8
13.8
92.62
00011.8
3.1466
March
26.6
14.6
90.62
00046.6
3.87
April
26.3
12.2
83.56
00054.6
2.5966
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The study was conducted at the Ornamental Horticultural Research area, Benguet
State University, La Trinidad and Km. 24, Caliking, Atok, from September to April 2013
to determine the response of Benguet Lily plants to different light levels and different kinds
of slow release fertilizer application.
Results revealed that there were highly significantly differences on the final height
and number of leaves at flowering, stem length of cutflower at harvest, and stem thickness
as affected by light levels and slow release fertilizer. Benguet lily grown under full sun
condition had taller plants with more number of leaves, and thicker stems. Application of
Multicote (17-17-17) promoted vegetative growth and producing the tallest plants.
However, there were no significant differences obtained on the days from transplanting to
flower to flower bud formation, days from flower bud formation to tight bud stage and
vaselife of cutflowers in all treatments. Application of Multicote grown under full sun
promoted vegetative growth, reproductive growth and the cutflower quality on the two
locations. The Benguet Lily plants grown at Atok, Benguet had improved vegetative
growth with taller plants, ten additional leaves, thicker stems, earlier flower bud formation,
and longer stem length.
The initial soil analysis before planting of the bulbs showed that the soil had a pH
of 6 which is slightly acidic. The soil contains high amount of Nitrogen, medium amount
of Phosphorous and it had a sufficient amount of Potassium.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
Conclusion
It is therefore concluded that the application of slow release fertilizer Multicote at
6 g/ 15 cm PEP pot grown under full sun to Benguet lily plants significantly improved the
vegetative growth producing taller plants with more number of leaves and thickest stem,
reproductive growth, producing plants with the earliest to form flower bud and better
cutflower quality producing longer stems compared to the other treatments.
Recommendation
Based on the findings of the study, application of 6 g/ 15 cm PEP pot of Multicote
grown under full sun at Atok,Benguet is the best treatment for Benguet lily. Multicote is
therefore recommended as a slow release fertilizer for Benguet lily and full sun condition
is the best light levels to produce plants taller plants with longer and thicker stems and
more leaves grown at Atok, Benguet.
Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013
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Response of Benguet Lily , (Lilium philippinensis), To Different Light Levels and Slow
Release Fertilizer Treatments | SELVINO, JOYCE L. MAY 2013