BIBLIOGRAPHY MENZI, CHARLENE C. APRIL 2011....
BIBLIOGRAPHY
MENZI, CHARLENE C. APRIL 2011. Employment Status of Bachelor of
Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University from Year 2000 – 2010. Benguet
State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Jovita M Sim, MSc
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to measure and know the current rate of employment, nature of
jobs, time of employment, relationship of course taken to the job, factors that affects
employment, reasons of being unemployed, reasons of being self – employed, effects of
demographic profile, eligibilities, job experience and course graduated to employment,
advantages, disadvantages, suggestions, and recommendations of Bachelor of Science in
Agribusiness graduates from the year 2000 – 2010 of Benguet State University.
There were 158 graduates who responded; 58 males and 100 females;. The age of
the respondents depends on the year graduated. 50 were married and 108 were single. 85
were Roman Catholic while 73 were Protestants. Most of the respondents majored in
enterprise management than in cooperative management. There were few who have
eligibilities.
The rate of employed is higher compared to unemployed and self – employed
graduates. The employed graduates have entered into different kind of jobs. Most of the
jobs were not related to the course taken. Major subjects were helpful than minor and
basic subjects. There were a lot of factors that affected the employed respondents when
they seek employment that made it easy and difficult for them to be employed.
Reasons such as no job vacancy, looking for a job and others are agents for the
respondents to be currently unemployed. Self – employed graduates were engaged in
livelihood activities such as trading and farming.
Demographic profile, eligibility, job experience and course taken affected the
graduates when they seek employment. The respondents mentioned many advantages
such as, graduates can fit to any kind of job, they were given knowledge on how to put up
their own business and manage it well and others. There were also disadvantages
mentioned such as, the course was not that popular that made it hard for them to compete
with graduates of commerce, business administration and others.
A lot of the respondents suggested that the subjects that are being taught should
be updated and that IT subjects should be added to curriculum like the usage of computer
programs that are useful in the course. These have a big help to students to compete after
graduation.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract ………… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
Objective of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Importance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Scope and Delimitations of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
What is Agri – Business? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
Need, Scope and Importance of
gribusiness Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Different Agribusiness Jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
Status of Employment in the
ilippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
Factors of Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Locale and Time of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Respondents of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Data Gathering Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
iii
Data to be Gathered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
The Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Background Information of the
Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Educational Information of the
Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
Current Employment Status
of the Graduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
Job Descriptions of Employed
Graduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
Time of Employment after
Graduation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Relationship of Current Job of Employed
Graduates to the Course Taken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
Factors that Affects the Employed
Graduates when they seek
for Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
Reasons of Being Unemployed
by Graduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
The Self – Employed Graduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
Effects of Demographic Profile, Eligibility
or Qualifications, Job Experience and
Course Graduated from when
Seeking for Employment
by the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Graduates Acquired from
Agribusiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
Suggestions or Recommendations of
iv
the Graduates for the Improvement
of the Course and the Subjects
offered in Agribusiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
Communication Letter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
v
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Agriculture plays a dominant role in the economy of a nation. The growing need
for professional manpower to execute various functions in the agricultural sector has
enhanced the importance of agri-business management courses. There are several
institutes which offer post graduate diploma programs in agri-business management for
the students who wish to build up a career in this field of work. The comprehensive
courses offered by various institutions help the individuals acquire modern technical
skills to implement in the areas of production, supply chain management, harvest
management and other areas of the sector. The agri-business management programs
offered by the reputed institutes help the students acquire the professional competence to
deal with the various problems in the agricultural sector. Candidates can learn a lot about
statistics for management, principles of general management, organizational behavior,
financial management, marketing of agricultural inputs, agricultural output marketing,
business laws and ethics and economic environment and policy. Moreover, students can
also collect knowledge on marketing research, agricultural extension and rural advantage,
human resource management, agricultural development policies and production and
marketing rural advertising (Nair 2000).
Furthermore, agribusiness graduates will master problem solving and effective
communication skills to face challenges encountered in their professional careers.
Agribusiness students are required to participate in an internship during their studies
since employers continue to place high importance on work-related experience when they
evaluate and hire potential employees. While many people think of work in the
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
2
agricultural business as being focused mainly on farming, the truth is there are many
different types of jobs associated with agribusiness. Many of these positions require
intensive training as well as formal education at accredited institutions.
There is a continuing strong demand by agribusiness firms, ranging from large
multinational corporations to emerging food manufacturing and input supply firms, for
more and better employees trained in both management and the agricultural sciences.
Students who have mastered economic and business concepts and agricultural sciences
do extremely well in finding rewarding careers following graduation.
Agribusiness jobs are many and varied, it includes positions as: international and
domestic traders, sales representatives in a seed, feed and fertilizer companies, analysts
for railroads and transport companies, logistics managers, finance and credit officers,
food company managers, experts with the foreign agriculture service; and analyst
positions in market development organizations. In addition to a rewarding set of career
opportunities following graduation, many students choose instead to continue with
graduate studies to further develop their analytical and management skills. Although
many graduates find successful careers in their places, others pursue their careers through
out the nation and the world.
Statement of the Problem
1. What is the current rate of employed, unemployed and self-employed
graduates?
2. What is the nature of the careers or jobs of employed graduates of Bachelor of
Science in Agribusiness?
3. Is the course that they graduated from the reason for their employment?
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
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4. What are the reasons of unemployment of graduates?
5. What is the work or reason of being self – employed of graduates?
6. Is the demographic profile of the graduates such as age, sex, civil status, ability
or qualification, job experience, course they graduated from, culture and religion affected
them in seeking employment and their jobs?
7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the graduates acquired from
Agribusiness course?
8. What are the suggestions or recommendations of the graduates for the
improvement of the course and the subjects offered in Agribusiness?
Objective of the Study
1. Determine the current rate of employed, unemployed and self-employed
graduates.
2. Determine the nature of the careers or jobs of employed graduates of Bachelor
of Science in Agribusiness.
3. Identify if the course that they graduated from the reason for their employment.
4. Determine the reasons of unemployment of graduates.
5. Determine the work or reason of being self – employed of graduates.
6. Determine if the demographic profile of the graduates such as age, sex, civil
status, ability or qualification, job experience, course they graduated from, culture and
religion affected them in seeking employment and their jobs.
7. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the graduates acquired from
Agribusiness course.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
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8. Know the suggestions or recommendations of the graduates for the
improvement of the course and the subjects offered in Agribusiness.
Importance of the Study
This study would determine the employment status of Bachelor of Science in
Agribusiness graduates of Benguet State University. The result of this study could give
information on the current conditions of the graduates. This study also would give
information to students taking the same course what could be the job opportunities that
they could have in the future.
Furthermore, the result would serve as a basis in decisions for the improvement of
courses and curriculum of educational institutions offering Agribusiness courses and
would also serve as a reference for researchers who want to know more about
Agribusiness.
Scope and Delimitations of the Study
The study was focused only to the Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness graduates
of Benguet State University who were traced by the researcher. The respondents were
graduates from year 2000 – 2010 with minimum number of five graduates from each
year.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
What is Agribusiness?
The term Agribusiness is defined in many ways such that these meanings are
being understood in a wrong way. In agriculture, agribusiness is a generic term for the
various businesses involved in food production, including farming and contract farming,
seed supply, agrichemicals, farm machinery, wholesale and distribution, processing,
marketing, and retail sales. The term has two distinctly different connotations depending
on context. Within the agriculture industry, agribusiness is widely used simply as a
convenient portmanteau of agriculture and business, referring to the range of activities
and disciplines encompassed by modern food production. There are academic degrees in
the departments of agribusiness, agribusiness trade associations, agribusiness
publications, and so forth, worldwide. Here, the term is only descriptive, and is
synonymous in the broadest sense with food industry (Wikipedia, 2001).
From the thoughts of Berry (2000) he defined agribusiness within a forum in the
internet as an oxymoron, “Agri” meaning 'land' and business meaning
business. Agriculture is life based on the care of the land. Business has always been the
exploitation of something for profit. In short, if we combine “Agri” and “Business” it
would explain a thought of a business using the land for profit.
Webster’s Dictionary defines agribusiness as "farming and the business associated
with farming, as the processing of farm products, the manufacturing of farm equipment
and fertilizers, etc. Reflecting the dictionary definition, Block (2001) has included in the
definition of agribusiness as, "any firm whose profits are dependent on or derived from
the eventual harvest of agricultural production or natural resources. An agribusiness
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
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uniquely characterized by its on-going need to adapt to several forces including; the
biological phenomena of nature, weather conditions, changing consumer preferences for
foods and fiber and the global supply and demand for the products of this harvest.
There are still a lot of definitions of agribusiness, but more often than any other
definition they relay the same meaning. The most important idea about agribusiness is it
plays a very important role in the economy of a country.
Need, Importance and Scope
of Agribusiness Management
In an agrarian economy, agriculture is considered as the backbone of its economy.
Agriculture has been practiced since ancient times, when other developmental sectors
were not even in existence and farming was mostly treated as a life sustaining activity.
Today, agriculture field has achieved commercial importance and has tremendous
potential of being one of the powerful sectors contributing to nation’s GDP. Due to the
impact of globalization; production and marketing have become the buzz words in
agriculture sector; biotechnology, precision farming; and various hi-tech and mechanized
techniques have resulted in paradigm shift in agriculture. Besides government’s special
emphasis on privatization, public private partnership, farmer organizations too have
contributed to the agricultural growth. Over and above, education plays a prime role in
achieving the development in any sector. Currently, agribusiness education is one of the
promising qualifications helps to mould the personnel in to potent managers having
managerial expertise. To realize the real potential of agriculture and to grow it to the
point of a prospective sector, it is a necessity to manage the sector like a professional
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
7
enterprise. The same can be expected by utilizing the agri-business managers having the
qualities to serve the agriculture sector efficiently. (Patil, ND)
From the above statements of Mrs. Sharvari Patil a lecturer from India, we could
say that even if the potential of agribusiness in our economy is big, it could not prosper if
there will be no qualified managers who will manage. That is why Agribusiness
courses are offered to train and mould effective persons in order that business in
agriculture will prosper.
Different Agribusiness Jobs
Tatum, M. wrote on his ad at the “WiseGeek” (2007) that many people think of
work in the agricultural business as being focused mainly on farming, the truth is there
are many different types of jobs associated with agribusiness. Here are some jobs
mentioned by Tatum:
1. At the core of the roster of agribusiness jobs are those that are directly
associated with agricultural production. This is the most familiar category to many
people, since it includes both, family and commercial farmers, those who actively plant,
nurture, and reap crops. Along with farmers, consultants like county agents help to
determine what is planted where, how crops are rotated, and how the soil is replenished
for future growing efforts.
2. Agribusiness jobs include career options that have to do with education related
to the business side of agriculture. This includes instructors who help commercial farmers
learn how to manage a larger farm operation to best effect, both in terms of cultivation
and harvesting of crops, but also in matters such as establishing a corporate structure,
setting goals, and the general processes necessary to successfully operate an agricultural
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
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business. From this perspective, corporate consultants, accountants, and others who
specialize in agriculture are among the most valuable of all agribusiness jobs.
3. Marketing and sales initiatives are also key examples of agribusiness jobs.
Agribusiness companies looking for raw product to purchase must promote themselves to
those who actually grow the crops. At the same time, growers must also attract the
attention of large business that will want to buy what they grow. This means both sectors
of the agricultural business world must have people who understand how to create a solid
public relations plan, pursue marketing opportunities, and be able to close a sale
successfully.
4. Networking experts are also among the more important agribusiness jobs
today. Many different types of farming consortiums network with similar associations in
groups in different states or even nations. The central organization that serves as the link
between these local organizations often provides a wide range of services to the affiliates,
in terms of learning conferences, discounts on business services, and opportunities to
share experiences and opinions with each other. The successful creator of this type of
network often finds that identifying the most effective means of communication and
implementing those options helps everyone to be more successful with their business,
which in turn strengthens the overall role of agribusiness in the world today.
Many of these positions require intensive training as well as formal education at
accredited institutions.
Agribusiness jobs are many and varied, it includes positions such as: international
and domestic traders, sales representatives in a seed, feed and fertilizer companies,
analysts for railroads and transport companies, logistics managers, finance and credit
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
9
officers, food company managers, experts with the foreign agriculture service; and
analyst positions in market development organizations. When looking for a lifetime
career path, agribusiness is well worth consideration. With opportunities that make it
possible to function on the front lines of cultivation, or support those efforts with
expertise in financial, organizational, or communication functions, jobs of this type are
likely to be rewarding on all levels, as well as make it possible to develop business
relationships that extend across the globe.
Status of Employment in the Philippines
The report of the Administrator of National Statistics Office of the Philippines
(Ericta, 2010) states that the number of employed persons in January 2010 was estimated
at 36.0 million, increasing by 5.0 percent over last years estimate of 34.3 million persons.
This placed the current employment rate at 92.7 percent, which is not significantly
different from the estimate reported last year at 92.3 percent. Of the estimated 36.0
million employed persons in January 2010, more than one-half (52.4%) worked in the
services sector. The bulk of increase in employment (1.3 million) can be found with those
employed in wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and
personal and household goods sub-sector comprising the largest sub-sector (19.6% of the
total employed). Workers in the agriculture sector accounted for 32.8 percent of the total
employed, with those engaged in the agriculture, hunting and forestry sub-sector making
up the largest sub-sector (28.7% of the total employed). Only 14.8 percent of the total
employed were in the industry sector, with the manufacturing sub-sector making up the
largest percentage (8.4% of the total employed).
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
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Furthermore, from the National Statistics Office March 2010 update, among the
various occupation groups, employed persons were dominated by laborers and unskilled
workers at 32.7 percent of the total employed persons in January 2010. Farmers, forestry
workers and fishermen were the second largest group, accounting for 15.4 percent of the
total employed. Employed persons fall into any of these categories: wage and salary
workers, own account workers and unpaid family workers. Wage and salary workers are
those who work for private households, private establishments, government or
government corporations and those who work with pay in own-family operated farm or
business. More than half (55.8%) of the employed persons were wage and salary workers,
more than one-third (33.6%) were own-account workers, and 10.6 percent were unpaid
family workers. Among the wage and salary workers, those working for private
establishments comprised the largest proportion (41.3% of the total employed).
Government workers or those working for government corporations comprised only 8.2
percent of the total employed, while 5.9 percent were workers in private households.
Meanwhile, among the own-account workers, the self-employed comprised the majority
(29.4% of total employed). Employed persons who express the desire to have additional
hours of work in their present job or to have additional job, or to have a new job with
longer working hours are considered underemployed. The number of underemployed
persons in January 2010 was estimated at 7.1 million or an underemployment rate of 19.7
percent. Around 4.0 million or 57.0 percent of the total underemployed persons were
reported as visibly underemployed or working less than 40 hours during the reference
week. Those working for 40 hours or more accounted for 41.3 percent. Most of the
underemployed were working in the agriculture sector (46.7%) and services sector
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
11
(39.0%). The underemployed in the industry sector accounted for 14.3 percent. The
number of unemployed persons in January 2010 was recorded at 2.8 million compared to
last year’s estimate of 2.9 million. The unemployment rate in January 2010 declined to
7.3 percent from 7.7 percent posted in January last year. Among the regions, only the
NCR posted a double digit unemployment rate of 10.8 percent. These statements were
based on the reports posted by the NSO from the 2010 surveys they conducted.
Factors of Employment
One of the main problems with the job searchers these days is that there’s a large
discrepancy in age, experience, education and knowledge between applicants. Andrew
(2009) explains why these factors are important to consider if you are looking for a job:
Age. Despite all evidence and legal statutes that might say otherwise, there is an
age bias in a workplace. Whether it’s assuming that a younger candidate is more
technologically savvy and receptive to new trends, or presuming an older candidate has
more experience and gravitas, it is a factor that permeates through many decisions, be
they from employers, co-workers or clients.
Experience. Having pertinent experience when applying for a new job can be both
an asset and a detriment to a job seeker. On one hand, you have a greater understanding
of how things are done, how an industry (or position) operates, and may have established
connections. On the other hand, you may have learned how to do things a different way
than at your new prospective employers’ business, may have different dispositions
towards certain tasks than those identified by your employer, and may have built up a
negative reputation.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
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Education. While a diploma and some book smarts can get your foot in the door
(possibly with your leg and torso if you went to a name school). There seems to be a
pervasive thought in many industries to “un-teach” what recent grads have learned in
school, replacing it with the company’s own practices and teachings. Those with post-
graduate degrees may find themselves at a slight disadvantage due to the volume of
expected knowledge and practices from their employers who may feel the need to push
them right into the deep end of the pool. However, a strong background in anything is
preferable to walking in as a blank slate.
Knowledge. Whether it’s proficiency with a new program, insight into a customer
base, or special skills, knowledge can be the deciding factor in getting hired. Seemingly
irrelevant knowledge of spreadsheets, statistics, coding, foreign languages or even music
can help a candidate stand out from the pack. Too much diversity in this area, however,
can make them seem scatter-brained and diminish their core value to the organization.
Although one would expect that a solid foundation in each of these different areas
might make for a winning candidate, organizations have a different model for the key
employee for each position. By using information from the job posting, company
website, and (if possible) current employees, you can find out and tailor your application
to fit the model and get the job.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
13
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
The study was conducted at the place where the respondents reside or work that
was within the reach of the researcher. The study was conducted on October 2010 to
January 2011.
Respondents of the Study
The graduates of the Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State
University from year 2000 – 2010 were the respondents of this study. A total of 158
graduates distributed from at least five from each school year served as the respondents
of this study. The respondents were selected randomly from the list of graduates as listed
in the coverage period.
Data Gathering Procedure
To trace the respondents of the study, the researcher asked the list of graduates
from the Office of the University Registrar. Supplemental data of said list were taken
from the library of the College of Agriculture. The researcher traced the respondents’
whereabouts by interviewing their relatives, friends and batch mates. The researcher also
made use of the internet to trace the others. The survey questionnaire was given to each
respondent to gather the necessary information.
Data Gathered
The data gathered were concentrated on the employment status of the graduates
from different batches. In connection to their employment status, data such as their
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
14
demographic profile (age, sex, civil status, religion and others), job experience, current
job, nature of work, educational information, factors that affected their employment and
the problems they encountered after graduating and in seeking employment.
Data Analysis
All data gathered were interpreted using frequency and descriptive analysis. Data
were analyzed using appropriate statistical tool and designs such as correlation analysis
and others.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
15
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The Respondents
Table 1 shows the number of respondents from each year of 2000 - 2010. There
were 158 total numbers of graduates who willingly responded from years 2000 – 2010.
There were five (3.16%) each year of 2000 – 2003. Eighteen (11.39%) respondents were
from year 2004, 10 (6.33%) and nine (9.49%) from year 2005 and 2006. Also, there were
19 (12.03%), 24 (15.19), 27 (17.09%), 25 (15.82%) from year 2007, 2008, 2009, and
2010 respectively. The numbers of the respondents were not the same with every year
because the respondents from the older batches were hardly to be contacted or traced by
the researcher, and also some of the graduates don’t want to answer questionnaires
because they don’t want to let others know what their work are even if the researcher told
them that their names will be confidential The results were only from the graduates who
willingly give information of themselves.
Table 1. Number of respondents from each year of 2000 - 2010
YEAR GRADUATED
NUMBER OF RESPONDENT
PERCENTAGE
2000 5 3.16
2001 5 3.16
2002 5 3.16
2003 5 3.16
2004 18 11.39
2005 10
6.33
2006 15
9.49
2007 19 12.03
2008 24 15.19
2009 27 17.09
2010 25 15.82
TOTAL 158
100.00
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
16
Background Information of the Respondents
Tables 2 and 3 show the background information of the respondents. The
respondents were classified as to the year they have graduated. Table 2a – Table 2d
shows the personal information of the respondents in terms of the following variables: a)
Sex (Table 2a), b) Age (Table 2b), c) their Civil Status (Table 2c) and d) their Religion
(Table 2d). Tables 3a and 3b shows the educational background of the respondents in
terms of the following variables; a) major of graduates (Table 3a), and b) their
qualifications or eligibilities (Table 3b).
Sex. Table 2a presents the sex of the respondents. With a total number of 158
graduates who responded, 58 (36.71%) were males and 100 (63.29%) were females. In
the year 2000 to 2003, five graduates responded where three were males and two were
females. Also, in the year 2004, 18 (11.39%) graduates responded where seven were
males and 11 were females. There were 10 graduates who responded from year 2005 in
which three of them were males and seven were females. For the year 2006 there were 15
respondents; where five were males and 10 (6.33%) were females;, year 2007, there were
19 (12.03%) respondents; nine (5.70%) were males and 10 (6.33%) were females;, year
2008, there were 24 respondents; five were males and 19 (12.03%) were females;, year
2009, there were 27 (17.09%) respondents; nine (5.7%) were males and 18 (11.39%)
were females;, and year 2010, there were 25 (15.82%) respondents; eight (5.06%) were
males and 17 (10.76%) were females; who willingly responded. With this data, most of
the graduates that were traced, interviewed and reached by the researcher were females
and willingly responded.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
17
Table 2a. Sex of the respondents according to year graduated
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YEAR
GRADUATED
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE
FEMALE TOTAL
2000
3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2001
3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2002
3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2003
3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2004
7
11
18
4.43
6.96
11.39
2005
3
7
10
1.90
4.43
6.33
2006
5
10
15
3.16
6.33
9.49
2007
9
10
19
5.70
6.33
12.03
2008
5
19
24
3.16
12.03
15.19
2009
9
18
27
5.70
11.39
17.09
2010
8
17
25
5.06
10.76
15.82
TOTAL
58
100
158
36.71
63.29
100.00
Age. Age of the graduates who responded depends on the year they graduated
(Table 2b). Five (3.16%) of them belong to the age bracket of 32 and above; four from
year 2000 and one from year 2001;, 19 (12.03%) are within 31 – 29; one each from year
2000, 2003, and 2005, four from year 2001, five from year 2002 and seven from year
2007;, 49 (31.01%) falls under age of 28 – 26; four from year 2003, 15 from year 2004,
six from year 2005, 11 from 2006, 12 from 2007, and one from 2008 and 2009;, 42
(26.58%) were within the age of 25 – 23; three each from 2004 and 2005, four from 2006
and 2009, 23 from 2008, and five from 2010;, and the 43 (27.22%) belonged to 22 – 23;
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
18
Table 2b. Age of the respondents
AGE BRACKETS
YEAR
32 and
TOTAL
31 – 29
28 - 26
25 - 23
22 - 20
GRADUATED
above
F
%
F
%
F
%
F %
F
%
F
%
2000
4
2.53
1 0.63
- - - - - -
5 3.16
2001
1
0.63
4 2.53
- - - - - -
5 3.16
2002
- - 5 3.16
- - - - - -
5 3.16
2003
-
-
1
0.63 4
2.53
-
-
-
-
5
3.16
2004
-
-
-
-
15
9.49 3
1.90
-
-
18
11.39
2005
-
-
1
0.63 6
3.80 3
1.90
-
-
10
6.33
2006
-
-
-
-
11
6.96 4
2.53
-
-
15
9.49
2007
- - 7 4.43
12
7.59
- - - - 19 12.03
2008
-
-
-
-
1
0.63 23 14.56
-
-
24
15.19
2009
- - - - - -
4
2.53
23
14.56
27 17.09
2010
- - - - - -
5
3.16
20
12.66
25 15.82
TOTAL
5 3.16 19 12.03 49 31.01 42 26.58 43 27.22 158 100.00
23 from 2009 and 20 from 2010;. The result shows that most of the graduates’ ages were
the same with the age of their batch mates. Most of the respondents were conscious in
stating their ages especially the female respondents.
Civil status. Table 2c presents the civil status of the respondents. Out of the 158
graduates who responded 50 (31.65%) were married and 108 (68.35%) claimed to be
single; all were married from year 2000 to 2002, four married and one single from 2003,
2004 has eight married and 10 single, 2005 has only one married who responded and
nine were single, 2006 has nine married and six single, 2007 has a majority of 16 single
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
19
Table 2c. Civil status of the respondents
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YEAR
GRADUATED
MARRIED SINGLE TOTAL MARRIED
SINGLE TOTAL
2000
5
0
5
3.16
0.00
3.16
2001
5
0
5
3.16
0.00
3.16
2002
5
0
5
3.16
0.00
3.16
2003
4
1
5
2.53
0.63
3.16
2004
8
10
18
5.06
6.33
11.39
2005
1
9
10
0.63
5.70
6.33
2006
9
6
15
5.70
3.80
9.49
2007
3
16
19
1.90
10.13
12.03
2008
5
19
24
3.16
12.03
15.19
2009
3
24
27
1.90
15.19
17.09
2010
2
23
25
1.27
14.56
15.82
TOTAL
50
108
158
31.65
68.35
100.00
and only three were married, also majority in year 2008 respondents were single and
only five married, 2009 has only three married and 24 were single and lastly for 2010,
two were married and the other 23 were single. Some of the respondents who claimed to
be single have child/dependents but considered themselves as single.
Religion. Most of the respondents were Roman Catholic (Table 2d) with eighty
five (53.80%); years 2000 to 2010 has three, four, three, three, eleven, six, seven, nine,
16, 11 and 12 respectively; as their religion and the rest 73 (46.20%) who responded
belong to Protestant religions which include Iglesia Ni Cristo, Born Again, Keys of
Kingdom Ministry International, Jesus the Good Shepherd Church Global Ministry,
Lutheran, Episcopalian and Jehovah’s Witnesses.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
20
Table 2d. Religion of the respondents
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YEAR
GRADUATED
R.C.
PRO. TOTAL R.C
PRO.
TOTAL
2000 3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2001 4
1
5
2.53
0.63
3.16
2002 3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2003 3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2004 11
7
18
6.96
4.43
11.39
2005 6
4
10
3.80
2.53
6.33
2006 7
8
15
4.43
5.06
9.49
2007 9
10
19
5.70
6.33
12.03
2008 16
8
24
10.13
5.06
15.19
2009 11
16
27
6.96
10.13
17.09
2010 12
13
25
7.59
8.23
15.82
TOTAL 85
73
158
53.80
46.20
100.00
Educational Information of the Respondents
Major of graduates. Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness has Enterprise
Management (EM) and Cooperative Management (CM) as majors. Most of the
respondents majored in Enterprise Management with a total of 93 (58.86%), three from
year 2000, 2002 and 2003, four from 2001 and 2005, ten from 2004, nine from 2006, 11
from 2007, 12 from 2008, and 17 each from 2009 and 2010 (Table 3a). The table also
shows that 65 or 41.14% of the respondents majored in Cooperative Management. Most
of them were from batch 2008 (7.59%) and 2009 (6.33%).
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
21
Table 3a. Major field of specialization of respondents
ENTERPRISE
COOPERATIVE
MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT
YEAR
GRADUATED
PERCENTAG
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY
E
2000 3
1.90
2
1.27
2001 4
2.53
1
0.63
2002 3
1.90
2
1.27
2003 3
1.90
2
1.27
2004 10
6.33
8
5.06
2005 4
2.53
6
3.80
2006 9
5.70
6
3.80
2007 11
6.96
8
5.06
2008 12
7.59
12
7.59
2009 17
10.76
10
6.33
2010 17
10.76
8
5.06
TOTAL 93
58.86 65
41.14
Eligibilities and qualifications. Table 3b shows that seven or 4.43% of the
respondents took and passed Board Examination of Agriculture even if it is not required
to Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness graduates. For the Career Service Examination,
one passed the professional while four passed the sub – professional. Out of the eight
who pursued masteral seven of them did not finish it while one of them is still taking it.
Also, one is still pursuing another course and one had finished a vocational course. One
hundred thirty seven or 86.71% of the total respondents didn’t take any or didn’t answer.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
22
Table 3b. Eligibilities and qualifications of the respondents
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Eligibilities
Board Exams
7
4.43
Career Service Examination
Professional 1
0.63
Sub - Professional
4
2.53
Pursued Masteral
Finished
--
--
Unfinished 7
4.43
Ongoing 1
0.63
Second Coarse
On - going
1
0.63
Finished 1
0.63
Did not take / No response
137
86.71
*Multiple response
Current Employment Status of the Graduates
Table 4 shows the employment status of the graduates in which 68 or 43.04%
were employed. The jobs to where they are employed is discussed and showed in Table
5. Even if there are many jobs to which the graduates could possibly enter, there were
still 49 or 31.01 % who were unemployed. There were 41 or 25.95 percent self –
employed out of the 158 graduates who responded.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
23
Table 4. Current employment status of the graduates
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Employed 68
43.04
Unemployed 49
31.01
Self - employed
41
25.95
TOTAL
158
100.00
Job Descriptions of Employed Graduates
The number of employed in every job descriptions is shown in Table 5. The jobs
to where the graduates were employed were: a)Administrative Staff or Office Staffs
which has eight or 11.75% of the total employed b) Medical Clerk c) Promo Girl (four or
5.88%), d) NSO Statistical Researcher e) Community Development Worker, f) Machine
Operator, g) Carpenter, h) Bookkeeper (five or 7.35%), i) Accounting Clerk, j) Tutor, k)
Sales Clerk (six or 8.82%), l) Factory Worker, m) Line Support, n) OFW as Factory
Worker, o) OFW as Nanny, p) OFW in a Cash Lending Company as Credit Councilor, q)
OFW (no description of their job), r) Information and Maintenance Clerk, s) All around
Sales Clerk, t) Community Organizer, u) Warehouse Custodian, v) Science Research
Specialist, w) Secretariat, x) Development Journalist, y) Employed but didn’t describe
job, z)Volunteer Worker, A) Local Government Unit Worker, B) Clerical Job, C) Store
Keeper or Stall Keeper and D) working in a bank or a Cooperative Bank (seven or
10.29%). The jobs or work of the employed graduates varied and many which shows that
agribusiness graduates can enter any kind of job for as long as their skills and knowledge
suits the work.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
24
Table 5. Job descriptions of the employed graduates
PARTICULAR
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Job descriptions
Administrative staff / Office staff
8
11.76
Working in a bank / Cooperative bank
7
10.29
Sales clerk
6
8.82
Bookkeeper
5
7.35
Promo girl
4
5.88
Tutor
3
4.41
Factory worker
3
4.41
Carpenter
2
2.94
Community development worker
2
2.94
Clerical job
2
2.94
OFW (Factory worker)
2
2.94
Community organizer
2
2.94
OFW (No description of work)
2
2.94
Secretariat
2
2.94
Employed but no descriptions
2
2.94
Volunteer worker
2
2.94
OFW(Cash lending company)
1
1.47
NSO statistical researcher
1
1.47
Information and maintenance clerk
1
1.47
All around sales clerk
1
1.47
Line support
1
1.47
Warehouse custodian
1
1.47
Science research specialist
1
1.47
OFW (Nanny)
1
1.47
Development journalism
1
1.47
Accounting clerk
1
1.47
Local government unit employee
1
1.47
Machine operator
1
1.47
Store keeper / Stall keeper
1
1.47
Medical clerk
1
1.47
TOTAL 68
100.00
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
25
Time of Employment after Graduation
Table 6 indicates the year to when the 68 employed were first employed. For the
year 2003 there were two that was employed; two graduates from year 2001 that was
three years after graduation. In 2004, there were 5.88% (four) who found jobs; one
graduate from year 2001 (four years after graduation) and three graduates from the same
year. Likewise, in the year 2005, five graduates were hired for a job. There were one
graduate from 2003 (two years after graduation) and two each from year 2004 (a year
after) and 2005. The table also shows that, in the year 2006 there were six who were
employed, one from year 2000 (six years after graduation), two from year 2005 (a year
after graduation) and three from year 2006 (the same year of graduation). For the
following years 2007, five were employed (one graduate from year 2004 and 2006 and
three on the same year), for 2008, there were seven who were hired (one graduate from
year 2005 and 2007, two from 2006 and three on the same year, 10 or 14.71% (two
graduates from year 2006 and 2007 and six graduates of the same year) look for
employment in the year 2009 and also got the job they applied for. Most of the ones who
were employed for the year 2010 were from the same year which is seven out of 11
employed in that year. And lastly, for the year 2011, one was employed which is a
graduate from the year 2010. For the rest of the 17 or 25% employed graduates can no
longer remember the year when they were first employed. Most of the graduates found
employment after a year or more. The longest time that a graduate found employment is
six years after graduation.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
26
Table 6. Time of employment of employed graduates
YEAR GRADUATED
YEAR
EMPLOYED ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 TOTAL PERCENTAGE
2000
- - - - - - - - - - - -
-
2001
- - - - - - - - - - - -
-
2002
- - - - - - - - - - - -
-
2003
- 2 - - - - - - - - -
2
2.94
2004
-
1
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
5.88
2005
- - - 1 2 2 - - - - -
5
7.35
2006
1
-
-
-
-
2
3
-
-
-
-
6
8.82
2007
- - - - 1 - 1 3 - - -
5
7.35
2008
- - - - - 1 2 1 3 - -
7
10.29
2009
- - - - - - 2 2 - 6 - 10
14.71
2010
- - - - - - - - 2 2 7 11
16.18
2011
- - - - - - - - - - 1
1
1.47
No
1 - 2 1 5 1 1 1 3 2 - 17
25.00
response
TOTAL
2 3 2 2 11 6 9 7 8 10 8 68
100.00
Multiple
Relationship of Current Job of Employed
Graduates to the Course Taken
The data that were gathered on the relationship of current job to the course taken
were shown in Table 7. Result shows that 23 or 33.82% said that the course has a
relationship to their job. However, majority (66.18%) mentioned there is no relationship
of their current work on the course taken. For the ones who answered yes, they have
indicated the subjects that they have taken that are useful to their current job.
Nine or 13.23% of the respondents said that Basic Accounting is useful to their current
job. One also of the major subject they think had helped them in their job is Bookkeeping
mentioned by eight respondents or 11.76%. Other major subjects such as Management of
Small Businesses, Marketing Management, Business Research, New Enterprise
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
27
Planning and Management, Managerial Problem Solving and Decision Making and
Concepts are also helpful to current job. For the minor subjects, only English, Basic
Mathematics, Business Mathematics and Statistics subject are useful. Two of the
respondents mentioned that Agriculture subjects taken had helped them in their jobs.
Table 7. Relationship of current job to the course taken
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Relationship of course graduated to
current job
Related 23
33.82
Not related
45
66.18
TOTAL 68
100
Subjects taken that are useful in
current job
Major Subjects
Basic Accounting
9
13.23
Bookkeeping 8
11.76
Business Research
5
7.35
Management of Small
3 4.41
Businesses
Marketing Management
3
4.41
Managerial Problem Solving
2 2.94
and Decision Making
Concepts and Dynamics of
1 1.47
Management
New Enterprise Planning and
1 1.47
Management
Minor subjects
Statistics 4
5.88
Basic Mathematics
3
4.41
Business Math
2
2.94
English 2
2.94
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
28
Agriculture subjects
2
2.94
*Multiple response
Factors that Affects the Employed Graduates
When They Seek for Employment
Table 8 shows the factors that affected the graduates when they seek employment.
There were 31 or 45.59% of them who said that it was easy for them to find their job. The
factors that made it easy for them to find their job were because, they a) finished a four
year course in which three of them said that even if the job is not related to the course but
you finished a four year course they are going to accept you. Five of them was hired
because they have b) connection inside the company and six (8.82%) were just luckily
hired because c) there was a need of personnel in the company. Two of the graduates just
d) honestly answered the questions during interview and did a proper preparation before
being interviewed made it easy for them to be hired or accepted in a job. There were also
four (5.88%) who were employed because of e) the course they graduated fit the job.
Another factor also is because of the f) seminars and training they attended during their
college days in which three said it to be a factor. Technical skill of the graduates has the
biggest rate with 10.29% or seven of them said that it was their passes to have their job.
Other graduates said that they were employed because qualification of the job fits them
(five or 7.35%), because they were board exam passers or they have taken civil service
examinations (four or 5.88%), three graduated with honors and lastly, only one said that
it’s because they graduated under an agriculture college.
For the graduates who said that it was not easy to find a job, there were 28 or
41.18% of them. The reasons why it was difficult were because they lack eligibilities in
which four or 5.88% said it. Eight or 11.76% of them made lack of experience on the job
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
29
they are applying with the factor of not easy finding a job. Age also is another factor
because they were too old or too young for the job in while four have encountered it. Stiff
Table 8. Factors that affects the employed graduates when they seek employment
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Was it easy for you to find a Job?
Easy 31
45.58
Not easy / Difficult
28
41.18
No Response
9
13.24
TOTAL 68
100.00
Factors that made it easy*
Technical skills
7
10.29
There was a need of personnel in
6 8.82
the company
Qualifications of the job fit me
5
7.35
Connection inside the company
5
7.35
Board Exam passer / Career
4 5.88
Service eligible
The job fit the course graduated
4
5.88
Seminars attended
3
4.41
Finished a four year course
3
4.41
Graduated with honors
3
4.41
Honest in answering the questions
during interviews and proper
preparation during interview
2
2.94
Graduated under an agricultural
1 1.47
college
Factors or problems that made it difficult*
Lack of experience related to the
work you are applying
8
11.76
Stiff competitions among applicants
6
8.82
No backer / No recommendations
5
7.35
Lack of eligibilities
4
5.88
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
30
Age (too old or too young)
4
5.88
*Multiple response
because they were too old or too young for the job in while four have encountered it. Stiff
competitions also among applicants were a factor for six graduates who seek for
employment. Lastly, five said that if they have a backer or some recommendations they
might have been employed easily. There were nine or 13.24% who didn’t response or
doesn’t know if they were employed easily or not.
Reasons of Being Unemployed by Graduates
The reasons for being unemployed were shown in Table 9. Five of them or
10.20% were not employed because there were no job vacancies. Thirteen or 26.53% of
them were still and currently looking for a job. There were six or 12.24% who said that
even if there were job vacancies, the job were not suited to the course they graduated
from and also some quit their former job because they found it hard or difficult and they
can not work well with work mates, their skills and interest doesn’t fit the work and
because the salary is low. Furthermore, four of the respondents decided to become plain
housewives and because some were nursing mothers making it a hindrance for
employment. Moreover, three (6.12%) wanted to start their own business but have no
capital to use so they engaged themselves in sidelines if there were opportunities to earn
capital for their business. Other reasons of unemployment were other respondents were
pursuing masteral and other or second courses, and others just quit their job with no
reason at all.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
31
The Table further shows that 18 or 36.73% were employed before and 31 or
63.27% or the total unemployed were not employed right after graduation because of the
reasons discussed earlier.
Table 9. Reasons of being unemployed of graduates
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Reasons of Unemployment
Looking for work/Job
13
26.53
Jobs offered are not suitable to
6 12.24
course graduated
Quit their former job
6
12.24
No job vacancy
5
10.20
Contract ended
5
10.20
Became a plane house wife/Nursing
8.16
4
mother
Pursuing higher education
1
2.04
Pursuing another course
1
2.04
No capital to start a new business
3
6.12
Quit with no reasons ("Trip Lang")
1
2.04
TOTAL 49
100.00
Where you employed before?
Yes, Employed before
18
36.73
No, Never employed
31
63.27
TOTAL 49
100.00
The Self Employed Graduates
Table 10 shows the livelihood activities of the graduates as self – employed. Out
of 41 or 25.95% respondents who were self - employed (Table 4) eight or 19.51% were
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
32
engaged in trading and farming (mostly vegetables, farmers business). Seventeen or
41.46% were managing their own business. Other activities of self – employed
respondents were business such as, poultry production, general merchandise, computer
shops, sari - sari store, yoghurt production, wine production and the others did not
mention their business. Some of them, because of their skills engaged in flower
arrangement and tutoring.
The table also shows if the self – employed graduates were employed after
graduation. Result shows that 13 or 31.71% of them were already self – employed after
graduation and 17 (41.46%) said no which means they had been employed before they
started own businesses, while 11 (26.83%) had no response.
Most of the self – employed (27 or 65.85%) don’t intend to be self employed for
the next ten years while only five says yes and try their luck on their business. Nine
respondents answered maybe or it depends if there will be job opportunities in the future
or if they will succeed in their business.
Table 10. The self – employed graduates
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Work as self-employed graduates
Managing own business
17
41.46
Trader 8
19.51
Farmer 8
19.51
No description
6
14.63
Florist 1
2.44
Tutoring 1
2.44
TOTAL 41
100.00
Were you self employed after
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
33
graduation?
Yes, self - employed
13
31.71
No, employed before
17
41.46
No response
11
26.83
TOTAL 41
100.00
Table 10. Continued . . .
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Do you intend to be self employed for the
next ten years?
Yes
5
12.20
No 27
65.85
Maybe / It depends
9
21.95
TOTAL 41
100.00
Reasons of being self employed
Manage own business to apply all
13 31.71
things learned in the course and
earn maybe look for a job in the
future
Have a family to take care of which
9 21.95
needs a work with flexible time to
meet other responsibilities.
No boss, but their self
9
21.95
No reason
5
12.20
Owning your own time, and has
4
9.76
freedom of choice or what to do
Manage own business and help
4
9.76
employ others
Just lazy to find job so engage in
3
7.32
own business
*Multiple response
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
34
The respondents also have cited the reasons why they decided to be self –
employed. Thirteen (31.71%) of the respondents want to apply what they have learned in
their course and earn some income and maybe find work in the future. Nine or 21.95%
want to become their own boss while four (9.76%) said that they want to manage their
own business and help employ others. Other reasons were: freedom to choose what to do
(9.76%), have a family to take care of, thus need flexible time (21.95%), want to have
their own time and just lazy to find job (7.23%). There were five respondents who did not
give any reason on why they choose to be self – employed.
Effect of Demographic Profile, Eligibility or
Qualifications, Job Experience and Course
Graduated From When Seeking for
Employment by the Respondents
The total of all respondents is 158 but only 103 or 65.19% of the respondents
answered the question if their demographic profile, eligibility or qualifications, job
experience and course graduated affected them when they seek for employment while the
34.81% or 55 respondents did not respond to the question. Out of the 103, there were 57
(36.08%) who said that their demographic profile, eligibility or qualifications, job
experience and course graduated affected them when they were seeking for employment.
Forty six respondents (29.11%) said that it did not affect them at all.
Reasons why demographic profile, eligibility, qualifications and course taken had
an effect in seeking job is shown in Table 11. Fifteen (26.32%) of the respondents
mentioned that civil status affected them much for the reason that employers or the ones
hiring employees prefer single employees than married. Accordingly, married persons
have dependents and may have lot of excuses from work, thus, affecting their work
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
35
responsibilities if they will be hired. Second, is the issue on sex in which nine (15.79%)
said that employers also prefer male than female or in other way employers prefer female
than male employees. Five had a problem on age when they applied they were too young
or too old for the job. Other reasons include ethnic affiliation (adopted the characteristics
of Ibaloi tribe – shyness) and Religion. Some employers prefer somebody who belongs to
their religion because the work they are applying for is somewhat religious. Other
employers prefer applicants who have the same race or “lahi” with them and because of
their physical appearance (require handsome and beautiful employees only). There were
46 respondents who said it didn’t affect them. 21.74% of the respondents were lucky
because the employers were only looking at the skills and not on their demographic
profile. Five experienced no discrimination and 26 of them stated no reason.
Table 11. Effect of demographic profile, eligibility or qualifications, job experience and
course graduated from when seeking for employment by the respondent
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Is your demographic profile, eligibility or qualifications, job
experience and course graduated affected you when you seek
for employment?
Affected 57
36.08
Not affected
46
29.11
Total of graduates who responded
103
65.19
Total of graduates who did not respond
55
34.81
TOTAL 158
100.00
Reasons why it affected
No Reason stated
16
28.07
Civil status: Employers prefer single employees
15 26.32
than married ones
Sex: Companies now a days prefer male
9 15.79
employees than females or vice versa
Age: Too young or too old
5
8.77
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
36
Physical appearance: they base it if your handsome
4
7.02
or beautiful
Employers prefer single than married to avoid
3
5.26
excuses from work
Religion: Religion must be what they require
2
3.51
Prioritization of "kalahi"
2
3.51
Ethnic affiliation: Adopted the characteristic of
1
1.75
Ibaloi tribe, the shyness
TOTAL 57
100.00
Table 11. Continued . . .
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Reasons why it did not affected
No reason stated
20
43.48
Employers are looking at skills only and not really
10 21.74
focusing on the demographic profile
The job applied did not require any of the
5 10.87
demographic profile
The ones hiring were not discriminating
5
10.87
The course graduated is what matters most
3
6.52
No competitors when applied for work
2
4.35
The employers were badly in need of workers
1
2.17
TOTAL 46
100.00
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Graduates
Acquired from Agribusiness
Table 12 shows the advantages and disadvantages that the graduates have
acquired from Agribusiness. Eighteen or 11.39% of them mentioned that they had a wide
coverage of study about business that can help them in putting up their own businesses in
the future while seven (4.43%) said Agribusiness course helped them in relating to real
life situations like in business financing and marketing activities they are engaged in.
Eight of them who had or who’s working into a certain project said that BSAB have
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
37
increased their knowledge on how to focus on the activities of the project they are in and
how they can identify the problems and what needs to be done when problem occurs.
While six (3.80%) said that it is an advantage that the knowledge have been focused on
agricultural business sector and agricultural research jobs (4.43%), 11 (6.96%) of the
respondents shared that it is an advantage that Agribusiness graduates can be employed to
any office but have the skills needed. Six of the respondents were managing their own
Table 12. Advantages and Disadvantages of the graduates Acquired from Agribusiness
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Advantages *
No response
29
18.35
It had a wide coverage of study about business that
18 11.39
can help in putting up own businesses in the future
No advantage acquired
17
10.76
Can fit to any kind of job, bank, office works, and
14
8.86
field works
Acquired knowledge in bookkeeping and basic
12
7.59
accounting
Can be employed to any office or jobs under
11
6.96
agriculture or any jobs who accepts the course but
have the skills required
Business related graduates are in demand in other
10
6.33
countries
It increases knowledge on how to focus on the
8
5.06
activities of a project and acquired knowledge on
how to identify what needs to be done when
problem occurs on the project
It helped in relating to real life situations especially
7
4.43
in business finance and marketing activities
Learned how to socialize and study behavior of
7
4.43
people your dealing business with
Wider knowledge on not only in business but also
7
4.43
in agricultural research jobs
Advantage in having the knowledge of business
6
3.80
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
38
cycle in the agricultural sector
Advantage in managing own resources
6
3.80
BSAB had given background and trainings on
6
3.80
entrepreneurship and managing small businesses
Disadvantage *
They don't appreciate and they lack knowledge on
29 18.35
what Agribusiness is.
No disadvantage acquired
27 17.09
Table 12. Continued . . .
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
When the course is asked, employers always say
25 15.82
"ay Agriculture", that made it hard to compete with
commerce and business administration graduates
because it has the word Agriculture. The course
"Agribusiness" is unknown for many employers.
No response
24
15.19
Employers mostly prefer commerce graduates
15
9.49
Even if there are job opportunities, cannot apply
15
9.49
because of the course graduated is not related that
made it a reason not to be accepted
Lack of exposure and lack of skill enhancement
8
5.06
There were few who are offering jobs for
7
4.43
Agribusiness graduates
Cannot apply the things learned because of limited
4
2.53
or hard to find jobs that accepts the course
graduated.
No board exams for BSAB graduates which leads
4
2.53
to less competitiveness to other courses which has
one
*Multiple response
resources well because of the course and seven had the advantage of knowing how to
socialize and deal with the one’s they are dealing a business. Fourteen (8.86%) of the
respondents were able to fit to jobs in the banks, offices and field works. Ten cited that
the business related courses are in demand to other countries in which it is an advantage
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
39
for them since agribusiness is still a business related course. For the 12 or 7.59%
respondents who were able to enter jobs related to bookkeeping and accounting thinks
that having the subject under Agribusiness such as Bookkeeping and Basic accounting is
an advantage. Even if there were a lot of advantages that was mentioned, there were 17 or
6.96% respondents who think that they had no advantages in having agribusiness as the
course they graduated, while 29 or 18.35% has no comment and didn’t respond.
When asked also if they had disadvantages, 24 or 15.19% did not respond to the
question asked. But for the 27 (17.09%) respondents, they said that they don’t have any
kind of disadvantage related to the course they graduated from. Because there were few
who were offering jobs for Agribusiness graduates, it is a disadvantage because of
competition of employment. One on the many disadvantages that the respondents have
acquired from the course is, many employers don’t appreciate agribusiness and have no
knowledge on what agribusiness is (18.35%). Another disadvantage that most graduates
have is when they were asked on what is their course is they just hear “AY Agriculture”
which means that agribusiness is really unknown to many and what they just know is it is
related to agriculture and not business, these that made it hard for the graduates to
compete with commerce graduates and other courses (15.82%). Other disadvantages
mentioned were, even if there were a lot of job opportunities, they cannot apply because
they graduated from a course not related to the job (9.49%), most employers prefer
commerce graduates or the graduates from a known courses (9.49%), it is also a
disadvantage that they lack exposure to different kind of jobs (on the job trainings)
during their college days (eight or 5.06%) and because they don’t have the advantage of
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
40
having board examination that can supposedly help them to compete with other courses
with board examination.
With all the information that was gathered, some of the respondents didn’t
appreciate the course and some also appreciated it. The experience of the respondents
regarding the course taken varies that is why they all have different kind of responses.
Suggestions or Recommendations of the
Graduates for the Improvement of the
Course and the Subject offered in
Agribusiness
The suggestions and recommendations of the graduates were shown in Table 13.
The respondents had mentioned a lot of suggestions and recommendations. Seventy eight
or 49.37% respondents suggested that there should be on the job trainings and practicum
for all the majors offered so that they will be trained and exposed and be able to apply the
lessons learned inside the classrooms. Twenty three mentioned that there should be
specific field of specialization like marketing, production and financial. Fourteen
recommended having higher rate of screening for students that will be accepted in the
course. Majority (71.52%) suggested that the accounting subjects that are being thought
should also be extended like having following subjects for Basic Accounting not only
basics. One hundred twenty three (77.85%) of the respondents had trouble in dealing with
computer and using IT in their jobs that is why they have suggested that there should also
be more computer related or IT related subjects. Exposure of students on how to use
software in connection with their subjects like the use of excel, power point and other
programs, 77.22% also noticed that the curriculum or the subjects being thought are still
from old curriculum in which thy have suggested that it should be updated so that
students will not be left behind. Furthermore, seminars should be conducted that could
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
41
help the students find jobs in the future and should be included in the curriculum. Other
suggestions were, there should be more exposure in the fields of marketing, finance,
production and human resource for vast experience and ignition of interest among the
students (7.59%), instructors or professors should be much willing to help the students
especially when they are looking for jobs, even if they can have recommendations only,
Table 13. Suggestions and recommendations of the graduates for the improvement of the
course and the subject offered in Agribusiness
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Suggestions and recommendations
Add more computer or information technology
123 77.85
related subjects because most of the job
requirements now is you should be computer
literate
Update the subjects. Subjects are still from old
122 77.22
curriculum
Extend more on the accounting subjects
113 71.52
because the subject that are being thought are
all basics
There should be on the job trainings for or
78 49.37
practicum for all kind of majors
More on application and not just theories
56
35.44
More advertisement of the subject because
37 23.42
many haven't heard about the course
There should be specific field of specialization
23 14.56
just like marketing, production and financial
Higher screening for students to be qualified to
14 8.86
take the course
Exposure to different kind of seminars that can
14 8.86
help student find work in the future
More exposure in the fields of marketing,
12 7.59
finance, production and human resource for
vast experience and ignition of interest among
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
42
the students
Instructors or professors should be much
6 3.80
willing to help the students especially when
they are looking for jobs, even if they can have
recommendations only
*Multiple response
more advertisement of the course because many haven't heard about the course (23.42%)
and 56 said that subjects thought should be more on applications and not just theories
because sometimes theories become unrealistic if not applied.
The suggestions of the respondents were mostly similar to each other. This
implies that they have the same observations when they were still studying and when they
were already looking for jobs.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
43
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The interest to determine the current employment status of graduates of Bachelor
of Science in Agribusiness from the year 2000 – 2010 of Benguet State University
prompted for the study to be conducted. Data such as the employment status,
demographic profile, educational information, factors that affected employment,
problems encountered after graduation of graduates from different batches were gathered
through interviews and questionnaires that were done and given to the respondents. Most
of the interviews and questionnaires were given through the help of the internet and
phone calls because the researcher can not reach some of the respondents personally.
There were 158 graduates who willingly responded in which 58 were males and
100 are females. The age of the respondents depends on the year graduated in which
older batches have older age and recent graduates have younger age. There were 50 who
were married and most were from the older batches and 108 were single mostly from
younger batches. Eighty five of the respondents were Roman Catholic while 73 belonged
to Protestants religions. Most of the respondents majored in enterprise management while
63 majored in cooperative management. There were very few of them that have
eligibilities.
There were 68 of the respondents who were employed, 49 were unemployed and
41 were self – employed. The employed graduates have entered into different kind of
jobs such as administrative staff/office staff, medical clerk, promo girl, NSO statistical
researcher, community development worker, machine operator, carpenter, bookkeeper,
accounting clerk, tutor, sales clerk, factory worker, line support, OFW, information and
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
44
maintenance clerk, all around sales clerk, community organizer, warehouse custodian,
science research specialist, secretariat, development journalism and some working in a
Bank/Cooperative Bank. Most of the employed graduates have jobs that were not related
to the course taken compared to the ones related. Major subjects were helpful than minor
subjects. There were a lot of factors that affected the employed respondents when they
seek employment that made it easy and difficult for them to be employed.
Reasons such as no job vacancy, looking for a job and others are agents for the
respondents to be currently unemployed. Some say they were employed before but
majority were never employed.
Self – employed graduates engage themselves in livelihood activities such as
trading, farming (mostly vegetables) florist, tutor and as managers of their own business
but majority of them don’t intend to be self – employed in the next ten years because they
just have current reasons for being self – employed.
Demographic profile, eligibility or qualification, job experience and course
graduated affected the 57 graduates when they seek employment in which some of the
reasons were because of their civil status that employers prefer single employees than
married and others. But for some it was not an issue because they prefer those who have
skills disregarding demographic profile and others.
As to the advantages of the graduates from Agribusiness, some were the graduates
were given a wide coverage of study about business that can help put up businesses in the
future; they can fit to any kind of job that considers the course that the respondents have
taken and many more. But even if they have acquired advantages there were still
disadvantages such as the course are not that popular that it made it hard for them to
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
45
compete with graduates of commerce, business administration, accountant and other
popular known courses. For other employees, Agribusiness is a “just” course that that
they don’t appreciate much because of the connection of the word agriculture.
Majority of the respondents suggested that the subjects being taught should be
updated because these are still from old curriculum. Because of the fast improvement of
the world in the field of technology, the respondents also suggested that more
technological or IT subjects should be added to curriculum like the usage of computer
programs that are useful in the course such as the use of excel, power point presentations,
lay outing and other computer programs. These have a big help to students to compete
after graduation. Follow up subjects for major subjects should also be included like for
Basic Accounting. A lot also have recommended that practicum or on the job training
will be a requirement to the students so that they will have the chance to apply the lessons
acquired inside the classrooms and most importantly to have experiences.
Conclusions
Based from the data and the information that were gathered, the following
conclusions were made:
1. The number of employed graduates are still larger compared to the number of
unemployed and self – employed graduates.
2. Graduates of Agribusiness can enter to any kind of jobs even if the job is not
related to the course graduated from as long as the graduates have the skill required by
the employers.
3. There were still ways of discrimination of the employers including sex, age,
civil status and ethnic affiliation that make employment hard to be found.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
46
4.
Graduates who don’t have eligibilities, experiences and have no
recommendations are hardly to find employment.
5. Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness is an unknown course that makes it an
agent for graduates not to be confident in finding jobs outside their comfort zones.
6. The idea of Agribusiness that to create employment for others is a hard goal if
there is no capital to start a business.
7. The curriculum of the course is not updated.
8. Some of the graduates are not proud that they graduated in the course but still
many are proud especially the ones employed.
9. Respondents experienced a lot of problems in connection to the course they
have taken.
Recommendations
1. The curriculum of the course should be updated for chance of the students to
have bigger competencies when seeking for employment in the future.
2. Computer classes will be very helpful for students to be able to extend
knowledge on the use of technology to businesses and to be able to follow trends in the
world that IT subjects should be offered too.
3. On the issue of Agribusiness being unknown, a program to promote the course,
advertise the course or to let others be aware what the course is all about is recommended
to be done.
Encouraging graduates or students to take eligibilities such as the service career
examinations and board exams (any or both) that could help them in competing for
employment.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
47
LITERATURE CITED
ANDREW, A.B. 2009. The 4 Factors of Employment, Retrieved September 9, 2010 from http://
canhasjob.wordpress.com/2009/09/11/parallelogram/
BERRY, W. 2000. What-is-Agribusiness?. Retrieved August 23, 2010 from http://
ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Agribusiness?&id=2959851
BLOCK, D.W. 2001. Agribusiness & Food Systems Defined. Retrieved August 23, 2010
http://www. dwblock.com/company/agribusiness.html
ERICTA, C.N. 2010, Employment Rate Reported at 92.7 Percent in January 2010,
retrieved August 23, 2010 http://www.census.gov.ph/data/pressrelease/2010/
lf1001tx.html
NAIR, M.R. 2000, Agri-Business Management Courses, retrieved August 21, 2010 from
http://www.bschools.indiaedu.com/management-programs/agri-business-manage
mentcourses.htm
PATIL, S. ND, Importance of Management Education in Agriculture Sector, retrieved
August 23, 2010 http://www.krishisewa.com/articles/agrimanagement.html
TATUM, M. 2007, What Are the Different Agribusiness Jobs?, retrieved August 21,
2010 http:// www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-different-agribusiness-jobs.htm
WIKIPEDIA. 2001, Agribusiness, retrieved August 21, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/Agribusiness
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
48
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
Communication Letter
Benguet State University
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
La Trinidad, Benguet
October 2010
To the Respondents:
Sir/Madam:
I’m an Agribusiness student of Benguet State University, presently working on a
research entitled “EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
AGRIBUSINESS GRADUATES OF BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY FROM YEAR
2000 – 2010”, which is a requirement in our course.
In this regard, may I request you to be one of my respondents and cooperate by
responding with your honest answers in the questionnaires that will be given. Your
answers and response to this study will be lead to the success of this research.
Thank you very much and God Bless.
Respectfully yours,
CHARLENE C. MENZI
Student Researcher
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
49
APPENDIX B
Survey Questionnaire
Employment Status of Agribusiness Graduates of
Benguet State University from
Year 2000 - 2010
Directions: Please respond to each item in the questionnaire by checking or providing the
needed information on the appropriate blanks and space provided for.
I. Background Information
A. Personal Information of Respondents
1. Name:__________________________________________________________
2. Address:________________________________________________________
3. Sex: _____________
4. Age:_____________
5. Civil Status: (___) married (___) single (___) others, specify__________
6. Religion: _____________
7. Ethnic Affiliation:______________
B. Educational Information of Respondents
1. Year graduated in Agribusiness: _________________
2. Major: _______________
3. Qualifications: (___) Career Service Exam
(___) Professional
(___) Sub - Professional
(___) Board / Licensure Exam
(___) Pursued Masteral and other courses
Have you finished your Masteral?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
What course have you taken?
Please Specify:__________________
Have you finished your second course?
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
50
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
(___) others, specify ________________________________
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
51
II. Employment Status
1. What is your employment status today:
(___) Employed (proceed to question no. 2 – 5)
(___) Unemployed (proceed to question no. 6 – 7)
(___) Self – employed, (proceed to question no. 8 – 12)
(___) Others, Specify: _____________________________________
2. Were you employed after graduation?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If Yes:
2.1.1. Where were you employed?
_________________________________________________________
2.1.2. Is your job after graduation your current job today?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If no, what is your current job today? _________________________
If No:
2.2.1. What year were you Employed?____________________________
2.2.2. Where were you employed?_______________________________
2.2.3. Is your first job after graduation your current job today?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If no, what is your current job today? _________________________
3. How were you employed?
(___) I applied for it
(___) I was recommended
(___) others, specify: _____________________________________
4. Is the course you graduated from the reason for you to be employed?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If yes, what are the subjects in Agribusiness you think that is useful in the job
you are currently in and the job you had in the past if any?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
If no, what is the field/nature of your job? _____________________________
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
52
5. Was it easy for you to find a job?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If yes, what factor made it easy for you?________________________________
________________________________________________________________
If no, what factor made it not easy for you?_____________________________
________________________________________________________________
6. What is the reason for you not to be employed?
(___) Looking for a job
(___) Pursuing Higher Education
(___) Pursuing another Course
(___) Other reasons, please specify _______________________________
____________________________________________________________
7. Were you employed before?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If Yes, What was your job?__________________________________________
Is that job related to the course you graduated from? (___) Yes (___) No
What is the reason for you to quit your job before? _________________
__________________________________________________________
If No, proceed to questions no. 13, 14, 15 and 18.
8. Were you self-employed right after graduation?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
9. What type of job are you doing being self-employed?
________________________________________________________________
10. How many years/months have you been self-employed? ___________________
11. Do you intend to be self-employed for the next 10 years?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
12. What is the reason for you to be self-employed?
________________________________________________________________
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
53
III. Advantages and Disadvantages
13. What do you think is your advantage having the degree of Agribusiness?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Having these advantages, have you tried looking for jobs outside of Cordillera?
(___) Yes, please specify places ______________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(___) No, proceed to the next question.
14. What do you think is your disadvantage having the degree of Agribusiness?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
15. Do you think your demographic profile such as your name, age, sex, religion,
culture, ethnic affiliation and others affected you while you seek for
employment?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If Yes, why? _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
If No, why?__________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
16. What are the subjects you have taken that you find useful in your employment
status today?______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
17. For graduates employed, what are the problems that you have encountered
while seeking employment related to your degree? _______________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
54
18. For unemployed, what are the factors for you not to be employed? __________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
19. What can you suggest for the improvement of the course and the subjects
offered in Agribusiness?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
THANK YOU and GOD BLESS!!!
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
MENZI, CHARLENE C. APRIL 2011. Employment Status of Bachelor of
Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University from Year 2000 – 2010. Benguet
State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Jovita M Sim, MSc
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to measure and know the current rate of employment, nature of
jobs, time of employment, relationship of course taken to the job, factors that affects
employment, reasons of being unemployed, reasons of being self – employed, effects of
demographic profile, eligibilities, job experience and course graduated to employment,
advantages, disadvantages, suggestions, and recommendations of Bachelor of Science in
Agribusiness graduates from the year 2000 – 2010 of Benguet State University.
There were 158 graduates who responded; 58 males and 100 females;. The age of
the respondents depends on the year graduated. 50 were married and 108 were single. 85
were Roman Catholic while 73 were Protestants. Most of the respondents majored in
enterprise management than in cooperative management. There were few who have
eligibilities.
The rate of employed is higher compared to unemployed and self – employed
graduates. The employed graduates have entered into different kind of jobs. Most of the
jobs were not related to the course taken. Major subjects were helpful than minor and
basic subjects. There were a lot of factors that affected the employed respondents when
they seek employment that made it easy and difficult for them to be employed.
Reasons such as no job vacancy, looking for a job and others are agents for the
respondents to be currently unemployed. Self – employed graduates were engaged in
livelihood activities such as trading and farming.
Demographic profile, eligibility, job experience and course taken affected the
graduates when they seek employment. The respondents mentioned many advantages
such as, graduates can fit to any kind of job, they were given knowledge on how to put up
their own business and manage it well and others. There were also disadvantages
mentioned such as, the course was not that popular that made it hard for them to compete
with graduates of commerce, business administration and others.
A lot of the respondents suggested that the subjects that are being taught should
be updated and that IT subjects should be added to curriculum like the usage of computer
programs that are useful in the course. These have a big help to students to compete after
graduation.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract ………… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
Objective of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Importance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Scope and Delimitations of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
What is Agri – Business? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
Need, Scope and Importance of
gribusiness Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Different Agribusiness Jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
Status of Employment in the
ilippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
Factors of Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Locale and Time of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Respondents of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Data Gathering Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
iii
Data to be Gathered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
The Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Background Information of the
Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Educational Information of the
Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
Current Employment Status
of the Graduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
Job Descriptions of Employed
Graduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
Time of Employment after
Graduation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Relationship of Current Job of Employed
Graduates to the Course Taken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
Factors that Affects the Employed
Graduates when they seek
for Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
Reasons of Being Unemployed
by Graduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
The Self – Employed Graduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
Effects of Demographic Profile, Eligibility
or Qualifications, Job Experience and
Course Graduated from when
Seeking for Employment
by the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Graduates Acquired from
Agribusiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
Suggestions or Recommendations of
iv
the Graduates for the Improvement
of the Course and the Subjects
offered in Agribusiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
Communication Letter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
v
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Agriculture plays a dominant role in the economy of a nation. The growing need
for professional manpower to execute various functions in the agricultural sector has
enhanced the importance of agri-business management courses. There are several
institutes which offer post graduate diploma programs in agri-business management for
the students who wish to build up a career in this field of work. The comprehensive
courses offered by various institutions help the individuals acquire modern technical
skills to implement in the areas of production, supply chain management, harvest
management and other areas of the sector. The agri-business management programs
offered by the reputed institutes help the students acquire the professional competence to
deal with the various problems in the agricultural sector. Candidates can learn a lot about
statistics for management, principles of general management, organizational behavior,
financial management, marketing of agricultural inputs, agricultural output marketing,
business laws and ethics and economic environment and policy. Moreover, students can
also collect knowledge on marketing research, agricultural extension and rural advantage,
human resource management, agricultural development policies and production and
marketing rural advertising (Nair 2000).
Furthermore, agribusiness graduates will master problem solving and effective
communication skills to face challenges encountered in their professional careers.
Agribusiness students are required to participate in an internship during their studies
since employers continue to place high importance on work-related experience when they
evaluate and hire potential employees. While many people think of work in the
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
2
agricultural business as being focused mainly on farming, the truth is there are many
different types of jobs associated with agribusiness. Many of these positions require
intensive training as well as formal education at accredited institutions.
There is a continuing strong demand by agribusiness firms, ranging from large
multinational corporations to emerging food manufacturing and input supply firms, for
more and better employees trained in both management and the agricultural sciences.
Students who have mastered economic and business concepts and agricultural sciences
do extremely well in finding rewarding careers following graduation.
Agribusiness jobs are many and varied, it includes positions as: international and
domestic traders, sales representatives in a seed, feed and fertilizer companies, analysts
for railroads and transport companies, logistics managers, finance and credit officers,
food company managers, experts with the foreign agriculture service; and analyst
positions in market development organizations. In addition to a rewarding set of career
opportunities following graduation, many students choose instead to continue with
graduate studies to further develop their analytical and management skills. Although
many graduates find successful careers in their places, others pursue their careers through
out the nation and the world.
Statement of the Problem
1. What is the current rate of employed, unemployed and self-employed
graduates?
2. What is the nature of the careers or jobs of employed graduates of Bachelor of
Science in Agribusiness?
3. Is the course that they graduated from the reason for their employment?
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
3
4. What are the reasons of unemployment of graduates?
5. What is the work or reason of being self – employed of graduates?
6. Is the demographic profile of the graduates such as age, sex, civil status, ability
or qualification, job experience, course they graduated from, culture and religion affected
them in seeking employment and their jobs?
7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the graduates acquired from
Agribusiness course?
8. What are the suggestions or recommendations of the graduates for the
improvement of the course and the subjects offered in Agribusiness?
Objective of the Study
1. Determine the current rate of employed, unemployed and self-employed
graduates.
2. Determine the nature of the careers or jobs of employed graduates of Bachelor
of Science in Agribusiness.
3. Identify if the course that they graduated from the reason for their employment.
4. Determine the reasons of unemployment of graduates.
5. Determine the work or reason of being self – employed of graduates.
6. Determine if the demographic profile of the graduates such as age, sex, civil
status, ability or qualification, job experience, course they graduated from, culture and
religion affected them in seeking employment and their jobs.
7. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the graduates acquired from
Agribusiness course.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
4
8. Know the suggestions or recommendations of the graduates for the
improvement of the course and the subjects offered in Agribusiness.
Importance of the Study
This study would determine the employment status of Bachelor of Science in
Agribusiness graduates of Benguet State University. The result of this study could give
information on the current conditions of the graduates. This study also would give
information to students taking the same course what could be the job opportunities that
they could have in the future.
Furthermore, the result would serve as a basis in decisions for the improvement of
courses and curriculum of educational institutions offering Agribusiness courses and
would also serve as a reference for researchers who want to know more about
Agribusiness.
Scope and Delimitations of the Study
The study was focused only to the Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness graduates
of Benguet State University who were traced by the researcher. The respondents were
graduates from year 2000 – 2010 with minimum number of five graduates from each
year.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
5
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
What is Agribusiness?
The term Agribusiness is defined in many ways such that these meanings are
being understood in a wrong way. In agriculture, agribusiness is a generic term for the
various businesses involved in food production, including farming and contract farming,
seed supply, agrichemicals, farm machinery, wholesale and distribution, processing,
marketing, and retail sales. The term has two distinctly different connotations depending
on context. Within the agriculture industry, agribusiness is widely used simply as a
convenient portmanteau of agriculture and business, referring to the range of activities
and disciplines encompassed by modern food production. There are academic degrees in
the departments of agribusiness, agribusiness trade associations, agribusiness
publications, and so forth, worldwide. Here, the term is only descriptive, and is
synonymous in the broadest sense with food industry (Wikipedia, 2001).
From the thoughts of Berry (2000) he defined agribusiness within a forum in the
internet as an oxymoron, “Agri” meaning 'land' and business meaning
business. Agriculture is life based on the care of the land. Business has always been the
exploitation of something for profit. In short, if we combine “Agri” and “Business” it
would explain a thought of a business using the land for profit.
Webster’s Dictionary defines agribusiness as "farming and the business associated
with farming, as the processing of farm products, the manufacturing of farm equipment
and fertilizers, etc. Reflecting the dictionary definition, Block (2001) has included in the
definition of agribusiness as, "any firm whose profits are dependent on or derived from
the eventual harvest of agricultural production or natural resources. An agribusiness
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
6
uniquely characterized by its on-going need to adapt to several forces including; the
biological phenomena of nature, weather conditions, changing consumer preferences for
foods and fiber and the global supply and demand for the products of this harvest.
There are still a lot of definitions of agribusiness, but more often than any other
definition they relay the same meaning. The most important idea about agribusiness is it
plays a very important role in the economy of a country.
Need, Importance and Scope
of Agribusiness Management
In an agrarian economy, agriculture is considered as the backbone of its economy.
Agriculture has been practiced since ancient times, when other developmental sectors
were not even in existence and farming was mostly treated as a life sustaining activity.
Today, agriculture field has achieved commercial importance and has tremendous
potential of being one of the powerful sectors contributing to nation’s GDP. Due to the
impact of globalization; production and marketing have become the buzz words in
agriculture sector; biotechnology, precision farming; and various hi-tech and mechanized
techniques have resulted in paradigm shift in agriculture. Besides government’s special
emphasis on privatization, public private partnership, farmer organizations too have
contributed to the agricultural growth. Over and above, education plays a prime role in
achieving the development in any sector. Currently, agribusiness education is one of the
promising qualifications helps to mould the personnel in to potent managers having
managerial expertise. To realize the real potential of agriculture and to grow it to the
point of a prospective sector, it is a necessity to manage the sector like a professional
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
7
enterprise. The same can be expected by utilizing the agri-business managers having the
qualities to serve the agriculture sector efficiently. (Patil, ND)
From the above statements of Mrs. Sharvari Patil a lecturer from India, we could
say that even if the potential of agribusiness in our economy is big, it could not prosper if
there will be no qualified managers who will manage. That is why Agribusiness
courses are offered to train and mould effective persons in order that business in
agriculture will prosper.
Different Agribusiness Jobs
Tatum, M. wrote on his ad at the “WiseGeek” (2007) that many people think of
work in the agricultural business as being focused mainly on farming, the truth is there
are many different types of jobs associated with agribusiness. Here are some jobs
mentioned by Tatum:
1. At the core of the roster of agribusiness jobs are those that are directly
associated with agricultural production. This is the most familiar category to many
people, since it includes both, family and commercial farmers, those who actively plant,
nurture, and reap crops. Along with farmers, consultants like county agents help to
determine what is planted where, how crops are rotated, and how the soil is replenished
for future growing efforts.
2. Agribusiness jobs include career options that have to do with education related
to the business side of agriculture. This includes instructors who help commercial farmers
learn how to manage a larger farm operation to best effect, both in terms of cultivation
and harvesting of crops, but also in matters such as establishing a corporate structure,
setting goals, and the general processes necessary to successfully operate an agricultural
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
8
business. From this perspective, corporate consultants, accountants, and others who
specialize in agriculture are among the most valuable of all agribusiness jobs.
3. Marketing and sales initiatives are also key examples of agribusiness jobs.
Agribusiness companies looking for raw product to purchase must promote themselves to
those who actually grow the crops. At the same time, growers must also attract the
attention of large business that will want to buy what they grow. This means both sectors
of the agricultural business world must have people who understand how to create a solid
public relations plan, pursue marketing opportunities, and be able to close a sale
successfully.
4. Networking experts are also among the more important agribusiness jobs
today. Many different types of farming consortiums network with similar associations in
groups in different states or even nations. The central organization that serves as the link
between these local organizations often provides a wide range of services to the affiliates,
in terms of learning conferences, discounts on business services, and opportunities to
share experiences and opinions with each other. The successful creator of this type of
network often finds that identifying the most effective means of communication and
implementing those options helps everyone to be more successful with their business,
which in turn strengthens the overall role of agribusiness in the world today.
Many of these positions require intensive training as well as formal education at
accredited institutions.
Agribusiness jobs are many and varied, it includes positions such as: international
and domestic traders, sales representatives in a seed, feed and fertilizer companies,
analysts for railroads and transport companies, logistics managers, finance and credit
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
9
officers, food company managers, experts with the foreign agriculture service; and
analyst positions in market development organizations. When looking for a lifetime
career path, agribusiness is well worth consideration. With opportunities that make it
possible to function on the front lines of cultivation, or support those efforts with
expertise in financial, organizational, or communication functions, jobs of this type are
likely to be rewarding on all levels, as well as make it possible to develop business
relationships that extend across the globe.
Status of Employment in the Philippines
The report of the Administrator of National Statistics Office of the Philippines
(Ericta, 2010) states that the number of employed persons in January 2010 was estimated
at 36.0 million, increasing by 5.0 percent over last years estimate of 34.3 million persons.
This placed the current employment rate at 92.7 percent, which is not significantly
different from the estimate reported last year at 92.3 percent. Of the estimated 36.0
million employed persons in January 2010, more than one-half (52.4%) worked in the
services sector. The bulk of increase in employment (1.3 million) can be found with those
employed in wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and
personal and household goods sub-sector comprising the largest sub-sector (19.6% of the
total employed). Workers in the agriculture sector accounted for 32.8 percent of the total
employed, with those engaged in the agriculture, hunting and forestry sub-sector making
up the largest sub-sector (28.7% of the total employed). Only 14.8 percent of the total
employed were in the industry sector, with the manufacturing sub-sector making up the
largest percentage (8.4% of the total employed).
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
10
Furthermore, from the National Statistics Office March 2010 update, among the
various occupation groups, employed persons were dominated by laborers and unskilled
workers at 32.7 percent of the total employed persons in January 2010. Farmers, forestry
workers and fishermen were the second largest group, accounting for 15.4 percent of the
total employed. Employed persons fall into any of these categories: wage and salary
workers, own account workers and unpaid family workers. Wage and salary workers are
those who work for private households, private establishments, government or
government corporations and those who work with pay in own-family operated farm or
business. More than half (55.8%) of the employed persons were wage and salary workers,
more than one-third (33.6%) were own-account workers, and 10.6 percent were unpaid
family workers. Among the wage and salary workers, those working for private
establishments comprised the largest proportion (41.3% of the total employed).
Government workers or those working for government corporations comprised only 8.2
percent of the total employed, while 5.9 percent were workers in private households.
Meanwhile, among the own-account workers, the self-employed comprised the majority
(29.4% of total employed). Employed persons who express the desire to have additional
hours of work in their present job or to have additional job, or to have a new job with
longer working hours are considered underemployed. The number of underemployed
persons in January 2010 was estimated at 7.1 million or an underemployment rate of 19.7
percent. Around 4.0 million or 57.0 percent of the total underemployed persons were
reported as visibly underemployed or working less than 40 hours during the reference
week. Those working for 40 hours or more accounted for 41.3 percent. Most of the
underemployed were working in the agriculture sector (46.7%) and services sector
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
11
(39.0%). The underemployed in the industry sector accounted for 14.3 percent. The
number of unemployed persons in January 2010 was recorded at 2.8 million compared to
last year’s estimate of 2.9 million. The unemployment rate in January 2010 declined to
7.3 percent from 7.7 percent posted in January last year. Among the regions, only the
NCR posted a double digit unemployment rate of 10.8 percent. These statements were
based on the reports posted by the NSO from the 2010 surveys they conducted.
Factors of Employment
One of the main problems with the job searchers these days is that there’s a large
discrepancy in age, experience, education and knowledge between applicants. Andrew
(2009) explains why these factors are important to consider if you are looking for a job:
Age. Despite all evidence and legal statutes that might say otherwise, there is an
age bias in a workplace. Whether it’s assuming that a younger candidate is more
technologically savvy and receptive to new trends, or presuming an older candidate has
more experience and gravitas, it is a factor that permeates through many decisions, be
they from employers, co-workers or clients.
Experience. Having pertinent experience when applying for a new job can be both
an asset and a detriment to a job seeker. On one hand, you have a greater understanding
of how things are done, how an industry (or position) operates, and may have established
connections. On the other hand, you may have learned how to do things a different way
than at your new prospective employers’ business, may have different dispositions
towards certain tasks than those identified by your employer, and may have built up a
negative reputation.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
12
Education. While a diploma and some book smarts can get your foot in the door
(possibly with your leg and torso if you went to a name school). There seems to be a
pervasive thought in many industries to “un-teach” what recent grads have learned in
school, replacing it with the company’s own practices and teachings. Those with post-
graduate degrees may find themselves at a slight disadvantage due to the volume of
expected knowledge and practices from their employers who may feel the need to push
them right into the deep end of the pool. However, a strong background in anything is
preferable to walking in as a blank slate.
Knowledge. Whether it’s proficiency with a new program, insight into a customer
base, or special skills, knowledge can be the deciding factor in getting hired. Seemingly
irrelevant knowledge of spreadsheets, statistics, coding, foreign languages or even music
can help a candidate stand out from the pack. Too much diversity in this area, however,
can make them seem scatter-brained and diminish their core value to the organization.
Although one would expect that a solid foundation in each of these different areas
might make for a winning candidate, organizations have a different model for the key
employee for each position. By using information from the job posting, company
website, and (if possible) current employees, you can find out and tailor your application
to fit the model and get the job.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
13
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
The study was conducted at the place where the respondents reside or work that
was within the reach of the researcher. The study was conducted on October 2010 to
January 2011.
Respondents of the Study
The graduates of the Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State
University from year 2000 – 2010 were the respondents of this study. A total of 158
graduates distributed from at least five from each school year served as the respondents
of this study. The respondents were selected randomly from the list of graduates as listed
in the coverage period.
Data Gathering Procedure
To trace the respondents of the study, the researcher asked the list of graduates
from the Office of the University Registrar. Supplemental data of said list were taken
from the library of the College of Agriculture. The researcher traced the respondents’
whereabouts by interviewing their relatives, friends and batch mates. The researcher also
made use of the internet to trace the others. The survey questionnaire was given to each
respondent to gather the necessary information.
Data Gathered
The data gathered were concentrated on the employment status of the graduates
from different batches. In connection to their employment status, data such as their
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
14
demographic profile (age, sex, civil status, religion and others), job experience, current
job, nature of work, educational information, factors that affected their employment and
the problems they encountered after graduating and in seeking employment.
Data Analysis
All data gathered were interpreted using frequency and descriptive analysis. Data
were analyzed using appropriate statistical tool and designs such as correlation analysis
and others.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
15
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The Respondents
Table 1 shows the number of respondents from each year of 2000 - 2010. There
were 158 total numbers of graduates who willingly responded from years 2000 – 2010.
There were five (3.16%) each year of 2000 – 2003. Eighteen (11.39%) respondents were
from year 2004, 10 (6.33%) and nine (9.49%) from year 2005 and 2006. Also, there were
19 (12.03%), 24 (15.19), 27 (17.09%), 25 (15.82%) from year 2007, 2008, 2009, and
2010 respectively. The numbers of the respondents were not the same with every year
because the respondents from the older batches were hardly to be contacted or traced by
the researcher, and also some of the graduates don’t want to answer questionnaires
because they don’t want to let others know what their work are even if the researcher told
them that their names will be confidential The results were only from the graduates who
willingly give information of themselves.
Table 1. Number of respondents from each year of 2000 - 2010
YEAR GRADUATED
NUMBER OF RESPONDENT
PERCENTAGE
2000 5 3.16
2001 5 3.16
2002 5 3.16
2003 5 3.16
2004 18 11.39
2005 10
6.33
2006 15
9.49
2007 19 12.03
2008 24 15.19
2009 27 17.09
2010 25 15.82
TOTAL 158
100.00
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
16
Background Information of the Respondents
Tables 2 and 3 show the background information of the respondents. The
respondents were classified as to the year they have graduated. Table 2a – Table 2d
shows the personal information of the respondents in terms of the following variables: a)
Sex (Table 2a), b) Age (Table 2b), c) their Civil Status (Table 2c) and d) their Religion
(Table 2d). Tables 3a and 3b shows the educational background of the respondents in
terms of the following variables; a) major of graduates (Table 3a), and b) their
qualifications or eligibilities (Table 3b).
Sex. Table 2a presents the sex of the respondents. With a total number of 158
graduates who responded, 58 (36.71%) were males and 100 (63.29%) were females. In
the year 2000 to 2003, five graduates responded where three were males and two were
females. Also, in the year 2004, 18 (11.39%) graduates responded where seven were
males and 11 were females. There were 10 graduates who responded from year 2005 in
which three of them were males and seven were females. For the year 2006 there were 15
respondents; where five were males and 10 (6.33%) were females;, year 2007, there were
19 (12.03%) respondents; nine (5.70%) were males and 10 (6.33%) were females;, year
2008, there were 24 respondents; five were males and 19 (12.03%) were females;, year
2009, there were 27 (17.09%) respondents; nine (5.7%) were males and 18 (11.39%)
were females;, and year 2010, there were 25 (15.82%) respondents; eight (5.06%) were
males and 17 (10.76%) were females; who willingly responded. With this data, most of
the graduates that were traced, interviewed and reached by the researcher were females
and willingly responded.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
17
Table 2a. Sex of the respondents according to year graduated
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YEAR
GRADUATED
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE
FEMALE TOTAL
2000
3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2001
3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2002
3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2003
3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2004
7
11
18
4.43
6.96
11.39
2005
3
7
10
1.90
4.43
6.33
2006
5
10
15
3.16
6.33
9.49
2007
9
10
19
5.70
6.33
12.03
2008
5
19
24
3.16
12.03
15.19
2009
9
18
27
5.70
11.39
17.09
2010
8
17
25
5.06
10.76
15.82
TOTAL
58
100
158
36.71
63.29
100.00
Age. Age of the graduates who responded depends on the year they graduated
(Table 2b). Five (3.16%) of them belong to the age bracket of 32 and above; four from
year 2000 and one from year 2001;, 19 (12.03%) are within 31 – 29; one each from year
2000, 2003, and 2005, four from year 2001, five from year 2002 and seven from year
2007;, 49 (31.01%) falls under age of 28 – 26; four from year 2003, 15 from year 2004,
six from year 2005, 11 from 2006, 12 from 2007, and one from 2008 and 2009;, 42
(26.58%) were within the age of 25 – 23; three each from 2004 and 2005, four from 2006
and 2009, 23 from 2008, and five from 2010;, and the 43 (27.22%) belonged to 22 – 23;
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
18
Table 2b. Age of the respondents
AGE BRACKETS
YEAR
32 and
TOTAL
31 – 29
28 - 26
25 - 23
22 - 20
GRADUATED
above
F
%
F
%
F
%
F %
F
%
F
%
2000
4
2.53
1 0.63
- - - - - -
5 3.16
2001
1
0.63
4 2.53
- - - - - -
5 3.16
2002
- - 5 3.16
- - - - - -
5 3.16
2003
-
-
1
0.63 4
2.53
-
-
-
-
5
3.16
2004
-
-
-
-
15
9.49 3
1.90
-
-
18
11.39
2005
-
-
1
0.63 6
3.80 3
1.90
-
-
10
6.33
2006
-
-
-
-
11
6.96 4
2.53
-
-
15
9.49
2007
- - 7 4.43
12
7.59
- - - - 19 12.03
2008
-
-
-
-
1
0.63 23 14.56
-
-
24
15.19
2009
- - - - - -
4
2.53
23
14.56
27 17.09
2010
- - - - - -
5
3.16
20
12.66
25 15.82
TOTAL
5 3.16 19 12.03 49 31.01 42 26.58 43 27.22 158 100.00
23 from 2009 and 20 from 2010;. The result shows that most of the graduates’ ages were
the same with the age of their batch mates. Most of the respondents were conscious in
stating their ages especially the female respondents.
Civil status. Table 2c presents the civil status of the respondents. Out of the 158
graduates who responded 50 (31.65%) were married and 108 (68.35%) claimed to be
single; all were married from year 2000 to 2002, four married and one single from 2003,
2004 has eight married and 10 single, 2005 has only one married who responded and
nine were single, 2006 has nine married and six single, 2007 has a majority of 16 single
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
19
Table 2c. Civil status of the respondents
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YEAR
GRADUATED
MARRIED SINGLE TOTAL MARRIED
SINGLE TOTAL
2000
5
0
5
3.16
0.00
3.16
2001
5
0
5
3.16
0.00
3.16
2002
5
0
5
3.16
0.00
3.16
2003
4
1
5
2.53
0.63
3.16
2004
8
10
18
5.06
6.33
11.39
2005
1
9
10
0.63
5.70
6.33
2006
9
6
15
5.70
3.80
9.49
2007
3
16
19
1.90
10.13
12.03
2008
5
19
24
3.16
12.03
15.19
2009
3
24
27
1.90
15.19
17.09
2010
2
23
25
1.27
14.56
15.82
TOTAL
50
108
158
31.65
68.35
100.00
and only three were married, also majority in year 2008 respondents were single and
only five married, 2009 has only three married and 24 were single and lastly for 2010,
two were married and the other 23 were single. Some of the respondents who claimed to
be single have child/dependents but considered themselves as single.
Religion. Most of the respondents were Roman Catholic (Table 2d) with eighty
five (53.80%); years 2000 to 2010 has three, four, three, three, eleven, six, seven, nine,
16, 11 and 12 respectively; as their religion and the rest 73 (46.20%) who responded
belong to Protestant religions which include Iglesia Ni Cristo, Born Again, Keys of
Kingdom Ministry International, Jesus the Good Shepherd Church Global Ministry,
Lutheran, Episcopalian and Jehovah’s Witnesses.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
20
Table 2d. Religion of the respondents
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YEAR
GRADUATED
R.C.
PRO. TOTAL R.C
PRO.
TOTAL
2000 3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2001 4
1
5
2.53
0.63
3.16
2002 3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2003 3
2
5
1.90
1.27
3.16
2004 11
7
18
6.96
4.43
11.39
2005 6
4
10
3.80
2.53
6.33
2006 7
8
15
4.43
5.06
9.49
2007 9
10
19
5.70
6.33
12.03
2008 16
8
24
10.13
5.06
15.19
2009 11
16
27
6.96
10.13
17.09
2010 12
13
25
7.59
8.23
15.82
TOTAL 85
73
158
53.80
46.20
100.00
Educational Information of the Respondents
Major of graduates. Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness has Enterprise
Management (EM) and Cooperative Management (CM) as majors. Most of the
respondents majored in Enterprise Management with a total of 93 (58.86%), three from
year 2000, 2002 and 2003, four from 2001 and 2005, ten from 2004, nine from 2006, 11
from 2007, 12 from 2008, and 17 each from 2009 and 2010 (Table 3a). The table also
shows that 65 or 41.14% of the respondents majored in Cooperative Management. Most
of them were from batch 2008 (7.59%) and 2009 (6.33%).
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
21
Table 3a. Major field of specialization of respondents
ENTERPRISE
COOPERATIVE
MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT
YEAR
GRADUATED
PERCENTAG
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY
E
2000 3
1.90
2
1.27
2001 4
2.53
1
0.63
2002 3
1.90
2
1.27
2003 3
1.90
2
1.27
2004 10
6.33
8
5.06
2005 4
2.53
6
3.80
2006 9
5.70
6
3.80
2007 11
6.96
8
5.06
2008 12
7.59
12
7.59
2009 17
10.76
10
6.33
2010 17
10.76
8
5.06
TOTAL 93
58.86 65
41.14
Eligibilities and qualifications. Table 3b shows that seven or 4.43% of the
respondents took and passed Board Examination of Agriculture even if it is not required
to Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness graduates. For the Career Service Examination,
one passed the professional while four passed the sub – professional. Out of the eight
who pursued masteral seven of them did not finish it while one of them is still taking it.
Also, one is still pursuing another course and one had finished a vocational course. One
hundred thirty seven or 86.71% of the total respondents didn’t take any or didn’t answer.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
22
Table 3b. Eligibilities and qualifications of the respondents
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Eligibilities
Board Exams
7
4.43
Career Service Examination
Professional 1
0.63
Sub - Professional
4
2.53
Pursued Masteral
Finished
--
--
Unfinished 7
4.43
Ongoing 1
0.63
Second Coarse
On - going
1
0.63
Finished 1
0.63
Did not take / No response
137
86.71
*Multiple response
Current Employment Status of the Graduates
Table 4 shows the employment status of the graduates in which 68 or 43.04%
were employed. The jobs to where they are employed is discussed and showed in Table
5. Even if there are many jobs to which the graduates could possibly enter, there were
still 49 or 31.01 % who were unemployed. There were 41 or 25.95 percent self –
employed out of the 158 graduates who responded.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
23
Table 4. Current employment status of the graduates
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Employed 68
43.04
Unemployed 49
31.01
Self - employed
41
25.95
TOTAL
158
100.00
Job Descriptions of Employed Graduates
The number of employed in every job descriptions is shown in Table 5. The jobs
to where the graduates were employed were: a)Administrative Staff or Office Staffs
which has eight or 11.75% of the total employed b) Medical Clerk c) Promo Girl (four or
5.88%), d) NSO Statistical Researcher e) Community Development Worker, f) Machine
Operator, g) Carpenter, h) Bookkeeper (five or 7.35%), i) Accounting Clerk, j) Tutor, k)
Sales Clerk (six or 8.82%), l) Factory Worker, m) Line Support, n) OFW as Factory
Worker, o) OFW as Nanny, p) OFW in a Cash Lending Company as Credit Councilor, q)
OFW (no description of their job), r) Information and Maintenance Clerk, s) All around
Sales Clerk, t) Community Organizer, u) Warehouse Custodian, v) Science Research
Specialist, w) Secretariat, x) Development Journalist, y) Employed but didn’t describe
job, z)Volunteer Worker, A) Local Government Unit Worker, B) Clerical Job, C) Store
Keeper or Stall Keeper and D) working in a bank or a Cooperative Bank (seven or
10.29%). The jobs or work of the employed graduates varied and many which shows that
agribusiness graduates can enter any kind of job for as long as their skills and knowledge
suits the work.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
24
Table 5. Job descriptions of the employed graduates
PARTICULAR
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Job descriptions
Administrative staff / Office staff
8
11.76
Working in a bank / Cooperative bank
7
10.29
Sales clerk
6
8.82
Bookkeeper
5
7.35
Promo girl
4
5.88
Tutor
3
4.41
Factory worker
3
4.41
Carpenter
2
2.94
Community development worker
2
2.94
Clerical job
2
2.94
OFW (Factory worker)
2
2.94
Community organizer
2
2.94
OFW (No description of work)
2
2.94
Secretariat
2
2.94
Employed but no descriptions
2
2.94
Volunteer worker
2
2.94
OFW(Cash lending company)
1
1.47
NSO statistical researcher
1
1.47
Information and maintenance clerk
1
1.47
All around sales clerk
1
1.47
Line support
1
1.47
Warehouse custodian
1
1.47
Science research specialist
1
1.47
OFW (Nanny)
1
1.47
Development journalism
1
1.47
Accounting clerk
1
1.47
Local government unit employee
1
1.47
Machine operator
1
1.47
Store keeper / Stall keeper
1
1.47
Medical clerk
1
1.47
TOTAL 68
100.00
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
25
Time of Employment after Graduation
Table 6 indicates the year to when the 68 employed were first employed. For the
year 2003 there were two that was employed; two graduates from year 2001 that was
three years after graduation. In 2004, there were 5.88% (four) who found jobs; one
graduate from year 2001 (four years after graduation) and three graduates from the same
year. Likewise, in the year 2005, five graduates were hired for a job. There were one
graduate from 2003 (two years after graduation) and two each from year 2004 (a year
after) and 2005. The table also shows that, in the year 2006 there were six who were
employed, one from year 2000 (six years after graduation), two from year 2005 (a year
after graduation) and three from year 2006 (the same year of graduation). For the
following years 2007, five were employed (one graduate from year 2004 and 2006 and
three on the same year), for 2008, there were seven who were hired (one graduate from
year 2005 and 2007, two from 2006 and three on the same year, 10 or 14.71% (two
graduates from year 2006 and 2007 and six graduates of the same year) look for
employment in the year 2009 and also got the job they applied for. Most of the ones who
were employed for the year 2010 were from the same year which is seven out of 11
employed in that year. And lastly, for the year 2011, one was employed which is a
graduate from the year 2010. For the rest of the 17 or 25% employed graduates can no
longer remember the year when they were first employed. Most of the graduates found
employment after a year or more. The longest time that a graduate found employment is
six years after graduation.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
26
Table 6. Time of employment of employed graduates
YEAR GRADUATED
YEAR
EMPLOYED ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 TOTAL PERCENTAGE
2000
- - - - - - - - - - - -
-
2001
- - - - - - - - - - - -
-
2002
- - - - - - - - - - - -
-
2003
- 2 - - - - - - - - -
2
2.94
2004
-
1
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
5.88
2005
- - - 1 2 2 - - - - -
5
7.35
2006
1
-
-
-
-
2
3
-
-
-
-
6
8.82
2007
- - - - 1 - 1 3 - - -
5
7.35
2008
- - - - - 1 2 1 3 - -
7
10.29
2009
- - - - - - 2 2 - 6 - 10
14.71
2010
- - - - - - - - 2 2 7 11
16.18
2011
- - - - - - - - - - 1
1
1.47
No
1 - 2 1 5 1 1 1 3 2 - 17
25.00
response
TOTAL
2 3 2 2 11 6 9 7 8 10 8 68
100.00
Multiple
Relationship of Current Job of Employed
Graduates to the Course Taken
The data that were gathered on the relationship of current job to the course taken
were shown in Table 7. Result shows that 23 or 33.82% said that the course has a
relationship to their job. However, majority (66.18%) mentioned there is no relationship
of their current work on the course taken. For the ones who answered yes, they have
indicated the subjects that they have taken that are useful to their current job.
Nine or 13.23% of the respondents said that Basic Accounting is useful to their current
job. One also of the major subject they think had helped them in their job is Bookkeeping
mentioned by eight respondents or 11.76%. Other major subjects such as Management of
Small Businesses, Marketing Management, Business Research, New Enterprise
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
27
Planning and Management, Managerial Problem Solving and Decision Making and
Concepts are also helpful to current job. For the minor subjects, only English, Basic
Mathematics, Business Mathematics and Statistics subject are useful. Two of the
respondents mentioned that Agriculture subjects taken had helped them in their jobs.
Table 7. Relationship of current job to the course taken
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Relationship of course graduated to
current job
Related 23
33.82
Not related
45
66.18
TOTAL 68
100
Subjects taken that are useful in
current job
Major Subjects
Basic Accounting
9
13.23
Bookkeeping 8
11.76
Business Research
5
7.35
Management of Small
3 4.41
Businesses
Marketing Management
3
4.41
Managerial Problem Solving
2 2.94
and Decision Making
Concepts and Dynamics of
1 1.47
Management
New Enterprise Planning and
1 1.47
Management
Minor subjects
Statistics 4
5.88
Basic Mathematics
3
4.41
Business Math
2
2.94
English 2
2.94
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
28
Agriculture subjects
2
2.94
*Multiple response
Factors that Affects the Employed Graduates
When They Seek for Employment
Table 8 shows the factors that affected the graduates when they seek employment.
There were 31 or 45.59% of them who said that it was easy for them to find their job. The
factors that made it easy for them to find their job were because, they a) finished a four
year course in which three of them said that even if the job is not related to the course but
you finished a four year course they are going to accept you. Five of them was hired
because they have b) connection inside the company and six (8.82%) were just luckily
hired because c) there was a need of personnel in the company. Two of the graduates just
d) honestly answered the questions during interview and did a proper preparation before
being interviewed made it easy for them to be hired or accepted in a job. There were also
four (5.88%) who were employed because of e) the course they graduated fit the job.
Another factor also is because of the f) seminars and training they attended during their
college days in which three said it to be a factor. Technical skill of the graduates has the
biggest rate with 10.29% or seven of them said that it was their passes to have their job.
Other graduates said that they were employed because qualification of the job fits them
(five or 7.35%), because they were board exam passers or they have taken civil service
examinations (four or 5.88%), three graduated with honors and lastly, only one said that
it’s because they graduated under an agriculture college.
For the graduates who said that it was not easy to find a job, there were 28 or
41.18% of them. The reasons why it was difficult were because they lack eligibilities in
which four or 5.88% said it. Eight or 11.76% of them made lack of experience on the job
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
29
they are applying with the factor of not easy finding a job. Age also is another factor
because they were too old or too young for the job in while four have encountered it. Stiff
Table 8. Factors that affects the employed graduates when they seek employment
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Was it easy for you to find a Job?
Easy 31
45.58
Not easy / Difficult
28
41.18
No Response
9
13.24
TOTAL 68
100.00
Factors that made it easy*
Technical skills
7
10.29
There was a need of personnel in
6 8.82
the company
Qualifications of the job fit me
5
7.35
Connection inside the company
5
7.35
Board Exam passer / Career
4 5.88
Service eligible
The job fit the course graduated
4
5.88
Seminars attended
3
4.41
Finished a four year course
3
4.41
Graduated with honors
3
4.41
Honest in answering the questions
during interviews and proper
preparation during interview
2
2.94
Graduated under an agricultural
1 1.47
college
Factors or problems that made it difficult*
Lack of experience related to the
work you are applying
8
11.76
Stiff competitions among applicants
6
8.82
No backer / No recommendations
5
7.35
Lack of eligibilities
4
5.88
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
30
Age (too old or too young)
4
5.88
*Multiple response
because they were too old or too young for the job in while four have encountered it. Stiff
competitions also among applicants were a factor for six graduates who seek for
employment. Lastly, five said that if they have a backer or some recommendations they
might have been employed easily. There were nine or 13.24% who didn’t response or
doesn’t know if they were employed easily or not.
Reasons of Being Unemployed by Graduates
The reasons for being unemployed were shown in Table 9. Five of them or
10.20% were not employed because there were no job vacancies. Thirteen or 26.53% of
them were still and currently looking for a job. There were six or 12.24% who said that
even if there were job vacancies, the job were not suited to the course they graduated
from and also some quit their former job because they found it hard or difficult and they
can not work well with work mates, their skills and interest doesn’t fit the work and
because the salary is low. Furthermore, four of the respondents decided to become plain
housewives and because some were nursing mothers making it a hindrance for
employment. Moreover, three (6.12%) wanted to start their own business but have no
capital to use so they engaged themselves in sidelines if there were opportunities to earn
capital for their business. Other reasons of unemployment were other respondents were
pursuing masteral and other or second courses, and others just quit their job with no
reason at all.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
31
The Table further shows that 18 or 36.73% were employed before and 31 or
63.27% or the total unemployed were not employed right after graduation because of the
reasons discussed earlier.
Table 9. Reasons of being unemployed of graduates
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Reasons of Unemployment
Looking for work/Job
13
26.53
Jobs offered are not suitable to
6 12.24
course graduated
Quit their former job
6
12.24
No job vacancy
5
10.20
Contract ended
5
10.20
Became a plane house wife/Nursing
8.16
4
mother
Pursuing higher education
1
2.04
Pursuing another course
1
2.04
No capital to start a new business
3
6.12
Quit with no reasons ("Trip Lang")
1
2.04
TOTAL 49
100.00
Where you employed before?
Yes, Employed before
18
36.73
No, Never employed
31
63.27
TOTAL 49
100.00
The Self Employed Graduates
Table 10 shows the livelihood activities of the graduates as self – employed. Out
of 41 or 25.95% respondents who were self - employed (Table 4) eight or 19.51% were
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
32
engaged in trading and farming (mostly vegetables, farmers business). Seventeen or
41.46% were managing their own business. Other activities of self – employed
respondents were business such as, poultry production, general merchandise, computer
shops, sari - sari store, yoghurt production, wine production and the others did not
mention their business. Some of them, because of their skills engaged in flower
arrangement and tutoring.
The table also shows if the self – employed graduates were employed after
graduation. Result shows that 13 or 31.71% of them were already self – employed after
graduation and 17 (41.46%) said no which means they had been employed before they
started own businesses, while 11 (26.83%) had no response.
Most of the self – employed (27 or 65.85%) don’t intend to be self employed for
the next ten years while only five says yes and try their luck on their business. Nine
respondents answered maybe or it depends if there will be job opportunities in the future
or if they will succeed in their business.
Table 10. The self – employed graduates
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Work as self-employed graduates
Managing own business
17
41.46
Trader 8
19.51
Farmer 8
19.51
No description
6
14.63
Florist 1
2.44
Tutoring 1
2.44
TOTAL 41
100.00
Were you self employed after
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
33
graduation?
Yes, self - employed
13
31.71
No, employed before
17
41.46
No response
11
26.83
TOTAL 41
100.00
Table 10. Continued . . .
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Do you intend to be self employed for the
next ten years?
Yes
5
12.20
No 27
65.85
Maybe / It depends
9
21.95
TOTAL 41
100.00
Reasons of being self employed
Manage own business to apply all
13 31.71
things learned in the course and
earn maybe look for a job in the
future
Have a family to take care of which
9 21.95
needs a work with flexible time to
meet other responsibilities.
No boss, but their self
9
21.95
No reason
5
12.20
Owning your own time, and has
4
9.76
freedom of choice or what to do
Manage own business and help
4
9.76
employ others
Just lazy to find job so engage in
3
7.32
own business
*Multiple response
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
34
The respondents also have cited the reasons why they decided to be self –
employed. Thirteen (31.71%) of the respondents want to apply what they have learned in
their course and earn some income and maybe find work in the future. Nine or 21.95%
want to become their own boss while four (9.76%) said that they want to manage their
own business and help employ others. Other reasons were: freedom to choose what to do
(9.76%), have a family to take care of, thus need flexible time (21.95%), want to have
their own time and just lazy to find job (7.23%). There were five respondents who did not
give any reason on why they choose to be self – employed.
Effect of Demographic Profile, Eligibility or
Qualifications, Job Experience and Course
Graduated From When Seeking for
Employment by the Respondents
The total of all respondents is 158 but only 103 or 65.19% of the respondents
answered the question if their demographic profile, eligibility or qualifications, job
experience and course graduated affected them when they seek for employment while the
34.81% or 55 respondents did not respond to the question. Out of the 103, there were 57
(36.08%) who said that their demographic profile, eligibility or qualifications, job
experience and course graduated affected them when they were seeking for employment.
Forty six respondents (29.11%) said that it did not affect them at all.
Reasons why demographic profile, eligibility, qualifications and course taken had
an effect in seeking job is shown in Table 11. Fifteen (26.32%) of the respondents
mentioned that civil status affected them much for the reason that employers or the ones
hiring employees prefer single employees than married. Accordingly, married persons
have dependents and may have lot of excuses from work, thus, affecting their work
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
35
responsibilities if they will be hired. Second, is the issue on sex in which nine (15.79%)
said that employers also prefer male than female or in other way employers prefer female
than male employees. Five had a problem on age when they applied they were too young
or too old for the job. Other reasons include ethnic affiliation (adopted the characteristics
of Ibaloi tribe – shyness) and Religion. Some employers prefer somebody who belongs to
their religion because the work they are applying for is somewhat religious. Other
employers prefer applicants who have the same race or “lahi” with them and because of
their physical appearance (require handsome and beautiful employees only). There were
46 respondents who said it didn’t affect them. 21.74% of the respondents were lucky
because the employers were only looking at the skills and not on their demographic
profile. Five experienced no discrimination and 26 of them stated no reason.
Table 11. Effect of demographic profile, eligibility or qualifications, job experience and
course graduated from when seeking for employment by the respondent
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Is your demographic profile, eligibility or qualifications, job
experience and course graduated affected you when you seek
for employment?
Affected 57
36.08
Not affected
46
29.11
Total of graduates who responded
103
65.19
Total of graduates who did not respond
55
34.81
TOTAL 158
100.00
Reasons why it affected
No Reason stated
16
28.07
Civil status: Employers prefer single employees
15 26.32
than married ones
Sex: Companies now a days prefer male
9 15.79
employees than females or vice versa
Age: Too young or too old
5
8.77
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
36
Physical appearance: they base it if your handsome
4
7.02
or beautiful
Employers prefer single than married to avoid
3
5.26
excuses from work
Religion: Religion must be what they require
2
3.51
Prioritization of "kalahi"
2
3.51
Ethnic affiliation: Adopted the characteristic of
1
1.75
Ibaloi tribe, the shyness
TOTAL 57
100.00
Table 11. Continued . . .
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Reasons why it did not affected
No reason stated
20
43.48
Employers are looking at skills only and not really
10 21.74
focusing on the demographic profile
The job applied did not require any of the
5 10.87
demographic profile
The ones hiring were not discriminating
5
10.87
The course graduated is what matters most
3
6.52
No competitors when applied for work
2
4.35
The employers were badly in need of workers
1
2.17
TOTAL 46
100.00
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Graduates
Acquired from Agribusiness
Table 12 shows the advantages and disadvantages that the graduates have
acquired from Agribusiness. Eighteen or 11.39% of them mentioned that they had a wide
coverage of study about business that can help them in putting up their own businesses in
the future while seven (4.43%) said Agribusiness course helped them in relating to real
life situations like in business financing and marketing activities they are engaged in.
Eight of them who had or who’s working into a certain project said that BSAB have
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
37
increased their knowledge on how to focus on the activities of the project they are in and
how they can identify the problems and what needs to be done when problem occurs.
While six (3.80%) said that it is an advantage that the knowledge have been focused on
agricultural business sector and agricultural research jobs (4.43%), 11 (6.96%) of the
respondents shared that it is an advantage that Agribusiness graduates can be employed to
any office but have the skills needed. Six of the respondents were managing their own
Table 12. Advantages and Disadvantages of the graduates Acquired from Agribusiness
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Advantages *
No response
29
18.35
It had a wide coverage of study about business that
18 11.39
can help in putting up own businesses in the future
No advantage acquired
17
10.76
Can fit to any kind of job, bank, office works, and
14
8.86
field works
Acquired knowledge in bookkeeping and basic
12
7.59
accounting
Can be employed to any office or jobs under
11
6.96
agriculture or any jobs who accepts the course but
have the skills required
Business related graduates are in demand in other
10
6.33
countries
It increases knowledge on how to focus on the
8
5.06
activities of a project and acquired knowledge on
how to identify what needs to be done when
problem occurs on the project
It helped in relating to real life situations especially
7
4.43
in business finance and marketing activities
Learned how to socialize and study behavior of
7
4.43
people your dealing business with
Wider knowledge on not only in business but also
7
4.43
in agricultural research jobs
Advantage in having the knowledge of business
6
3.80
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
38
cycle in the agricultural sector
Advantage in managing own resources
6
3.80
BSAB had given background and trainings on
6
3.80
entrepreneurship and managing small businesses
Disadvantage *
They don't appreciate and they lack knowledge on
29 18.35
what Agribusiness is.
No disadvantage acquired
27 17.09
Table 12. Continued . . .
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
When the course is asked, employers always say
25 15.82
"ay Agriculture", that made it hard to compete with
commerce and business administration graduates
because it has the word Agriculture. The course
"Agribusiness" is unknown for many employers.
No response
24
15.19
Employers mostly prefer commerce graduates
15
9.49
Even if there are job opportunities, cannot apply
15
9.49
because of the course graduated is not related that
made it a reason not to be accepted
Lack of exposure and lack of skill enhancement
8
5.06
There were few who are offering jobs for
7
4.43
Agribusiness graduates
Cannot apply the things learned because of limited
4
2.53
or hard to find jobs that accepts the course
graduated.
No board exams for BSAB graduates which leads
4
2.53
to less competitiveness to other courses which has
one
*Multiple response
resources well because of the course and seven had the advantage of knowing how to
socialize and deal with the one’s they are dealing a business. Fourteen (8.86%) of the
respondents were able to fit to jobs in the banks, offices and field works. Ten cited that
the business related courses are in demand to other countries in which it is an advantage
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
39
for them since agribusiness is still a business related course. For the 12 or 7.59%
respondents who were able to enter jobs related to bookkeeping and accounting thinks
that having the subject under Agribusiness such as Bookkeeping and Basic accounting is
an advantage. Even if there were a lot of advantages that was mentioned, there were 17 or
6.96% respondents who think that they had no advantages in having agribusiness as the
course they graduated, while 29 or 18.35% has no comment and didn’t respond.
When asked also if they had disadvantages, 24 or 15.19% did not respond to the
question asked. But for the 27 (17.09%) respondents, they said that they don’t have any
kind of disadvantage related to the course they graduated from. Because there were few
who were offering jobs for Agribusiness graduates, it is a disadvantage because of
competition of employment. One on the many disadvantages that the respondents have
acquired from the course is, many employers don’t appreciate agribusiness and have no
knowledge on what agribusiness is (18.35%). Another disadvantage that most graduates
have is when they were asked on what is their course is they just hear “AY Agriculture”
which means that agribusiness is really unknown to many and what they just know is it is
related to agriculture and not business, these that made it hard for the graduates to
compete with commerce graduates and other courses (15.82%). Other disadvantages
mentioned were, even if there were a lot of job opportunities, they cannot apply because
they graduated from a course not related to the job (9.49%), most employers prefer
commerce graduates or the graduates from a known courses (9.49%), it is also a
disadvantage that they lack exposure to different kind of jobs (on the job trainings)
during their college days (eight or 5.06%) and because they don’t have the advantage of
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
40
having board examination that can supposedly help them to compete with other courses
with board examination.
With all the information that was gathered, some of the respondents didn’t
appreciate the course and some also appreciated it. The experience of the respondents
regarding the course taken varies that is why they all have different kind of responses.
Suggestions or Recommendations of the
Graduates for the Improvement of the
Course and the Subject offered in
Agribusiness
The suggestions and recommendations of the graduates were shown in Table 13.
The respondents had mentioned a lot of suggestions and recommendations. Seventy eight
or 49.37% respondents suggested that there should be on the job trainings and practicum
for all the majors offered so that they will be trained and exposed and be able to apply the
lessons learned inside the classrooms. Twenty three mentioned that there should be
specific field of specialization like marketing, production and financial. Fourteen
recommended having higher rate of screening for students that will be accepted in the
course. Majority (71.52%) suggested that the accounting subjects that are being thought
should also be extended like having following subjects for Basic Accounting not only
basics. One hundred twenty three (77.85%) of the respondents had trouble in dealing with
computer and using IT in their jobs that is why they have suggested that there should also
be more computer related or IT related subjects. Exposure of students on how to use
software in connection with their subjects like the use of excel, power point and other
programs, 77.22% also noticed that the curriculum or the subjects being thought are still
from old curriculum in which thy have suggested that it should be updated so that
students will not be left behind. Furthermore, seminars should be conducted that could
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
41
help the students find jobs in the future and should be included in the curriculum. Other
suggestions were, there should be more exposure in the fields of marketing, finance,
production and human resource for vast experience and ignition of interest among the
students (7.59%), instructors or professors should be much willing to help the students
especially when they are looking for jobs, even if they can have recommendations only,
Table 13. Suggestions and recommendations of the graduates for the improvement of the
course and the subject offered in Agribusiness
PARTICULAR FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Suggestions and recommendations
Add more computer or information technology
123 77.85
related subjects because most of the job
requirements now is you should be computer
literate
Update the subjects. Subjects are still from old
122 77.22
curriculum
Extend more on the accounting subjects
113 71.52
because the subject that are being thought are
all basics
There should be on the job trainings for or
78 49.37
practicum for all kind of majors
More on application and not just theories
56
35.44
More advertisement of the subject because
37 23.42
many haven't heard about the course
There should be specific field of specialization
23 14.56
just like marketing, production and financial
Higher screening for students to be qualified to
14 8.86
take the course
Exposure to different kind of seminars that can
14 8.86
help student find work in the future
More exposure in the fields of marketing,
12 7.59
finance, production and human resource for
vast experience and ignition of interest among
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
42
the students
Instructors or professors should be much
6 3.80
willing to help the students especially when
they are looking for jobs, even if they can have
recommendations only
*Multiple response
more advertisement of the course because many haven't heard about the course (23.42%)
and 56 said that subjects thought should be more on applications and not just theories
because sometimes theories become unrealistic if not applied.
The suggestions of the respondents were mostly similar to each other. This
implies that they have the same observations when they were still studying and when they
were already looking for jobs.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
43
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The interest to determine the current employment status of graduates of Bachelor
of Science in Agribusiness from the year 2000 – 2010 of Benguet State University
prompted for the study to be conducted. Data such as the employment status,
demographic profile, educational information, factors that affected employment,
problems encountered after graduation of graduates from different batches were gathered
through interviews and questionnaires that were done and given to the respondents. Most
of the interviews and questionnaires were given through the help of the internet and
phone calls because the researcher can not reach some of the respondents personally.
There were 158 graduates who willingly responded in which 58 were males and
100 are females. The age of the respondents depends on the year graduated in which
older batches have older age and recent graduates have younger age. There were 50 who
were married and most were from the older batches and 108 were single mostly from
younger batches. Eighty five of the respondents were Roman Catholic while 73 belonged
to Protestants religions. Most of the respondents majored in enterprise management while
63 majored in cooperative management. There were very few of them that have
eligibilities.
There were 68 of the respondents who were employed, 49 were unemployed and
41 were self – employed. The employed graduates have entered into different kind of
jobs such as administrative staff/office staff, medical clerk, promo girl, NSO statistical
researcher, community development worker, machine operator, carpenter, bookkeeper,
accounting clerk, tutor, sales clerk, factory worker, line support, OFW, information and
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
44
maintenance clerk, all around sales clerk, community organizer, warehouse custodian,
science research specialist, secretariat, development journalism and some working in a
Bank/Cooperative Bank. Most of the employed graduates have jobs that were not related
to the course taken compared to the ones related. Major subjects were helpful than minor
subjects. There were a lot of factors that affected the employed respondents when they
seek employment that made it easy and difficult for them to be employed.
Reasons such as no job vacancy, looking for a job and others are agents for the
respondents to be currently unemployed. Some say they were employed before but
majority were never employed.
Self – employed graduates engage themselves in livelihood activities such as
trading, farming (mostly vegetables) florist, tutor and as managers of their own business
but majority of them don’t intend to be self – employed in the next ten years because they
just have current reasons for being self – employed.
Demographic profile, eligibility or qualification, job experience and course
graduated affected the 57 graduates when they seek employment in which some of the
reasons were because of their civil status that employers prefer single employees than
married and others. But for some it was not an issue because they prefer those who have
skills disregarding demographic profile and others.
As to the advantages of the graduates from Agribusiness, some were the graduates
were given a wide coverage of study about business that can help put up businesses in the
future; they can fit to any kind of job that considers the course that the respondents have
taken and many more. But even if they have acquired advantages there were still
disadvantages such as the course are not that popular that it made it hard for them to
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
45
compete with graduates of commerce, business administration, accountant and other
popular known courses. For other employees, Agribusiness is a “just” course that that
they don’t appreciate much because of the connection of the word agriculture.
Majority of the respondents suggested that the subjects being taught should be
updated because these are still from old curriculum. Because of the fast improvement of
the world in the field of technology, the respondents also suggested that more
technological or IT subjects should be added to curriculum like the usage of computer
programs that are useful in the course such as the use of excel, power point presentations,
lay outing and other computer programs. These have a big help to students to compete
after graduation. Follow up subjects for major subjects should also be included like for
Basic Accounting. A lot also have recommended that practicum or on the job training
will be a requirement to the students so that they will have the chance to apply the lessons
acquired inside the classrooms and most importantly to have experiences.
Conclusions
Based from the data and the information that were gathered, the following
conclusions were made:
1. The number of employed graduates are still larger compared to the number of
unemployed and self – employed graduates.
2. Graduates of Agribusiness can enter to any kind of jobs even if the job is not
related to the course graduated from as long as the graduates have the skill required by
the employers.
3. There were still ways of discrimination of the employers including sex, age,
civil status and ethnic affiliation that make employment hard to be found.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
46
4.
Graduates who don’t have eligibilities, experiences and have no
recommendations are hardly to find employment.
5. Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness is an unknown course that makes it an
agent for graduates not to be confident in finding jobs outside their comfort zones.
6. The idea of Agribusiness that to create employment for others is a hard goal if
there is no capital to start a business.
7. The curriculum of the course is not updated.
8. Some of the graduates are not proud that they graduated in the course but still
many are proud especially the ones employed.
9. Respondents experienced a lot of problems in connection to the course they
have taken.
Recommendations
1. The curriculum of the course should be updated for chance of the students to
have bigger competencies when seeking for employment in the future.
2. Computer classes will be very helpful for students to be able to extend
knowledge on the use of technology to businesses and to be able to follow trends in the
world that IT subjects should be offered too.
3. On the issue of Agribusiness being unknown, a program to promote the course,
advertise the course or to let others be aware what the course is all about is recommended
to be done.
Encouraging graduates or students to take eligibilities such as the service career
examinations and board exams (any or both) that could help them in competing for
employment.
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
47
LITERATURE CITED
ANDREW, A.B. 2009. The 4 Factors of Employment, Retrieved September 9, 2010 from http://
canhasjob.wordpress.com/2009/09/11/parallelogram/
BERRY, W. 2000. What-is-Agribusiness?. Retrieved August 23, 2010 from http://
ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Agribusiness?&id=2959851
BLOCK, D.W. 2001. Agribusiness & Food Systems Defined. Retrieved August 23, 2010
http://www. dwblock.com/company/agribusiness.html
ERICTA, C.N. 2010, Employment Rate Reported at 92.7 Percent in January 2010,
retrieved August 23, 2010 http://www.census.gov.ph/data/pressrelease/2010/
lf1001tx.html
NAIR, M.R. 2000, Agri-Business Management Courses, retrieved August 21, 2010 from
http://www.bschools.indiaedu.com/management-programs/agri-business-manage
mentcourses.htm
PATIL, S. ND, Importance of Management Education in Agriculture Sector, retrieved
August 23, 2010 http://www.krishisewa.com/articles/agrimanagement.html
TATUM, M. 2007, What Are the Different Agribusiness Jobs?, retrieved August 21,
2010 http:// www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-different-agribusiness-jobs.htm
WIKIPEDIA. 2001, Agribusiness, retrieved August 21, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/Agribusiness
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
48
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
Communication Letter
Benguet State University
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
La Trinidad, Benguet
October 2010
To the Respondents:
Sir/Madam:
I’m an Agribusiness student of Benguet State University, presently working on a
research entitled “EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
AGRIBUSINESS GRADUATES OF BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY FROM YEAR
2000 – 2010”, which is a requirement in our course.
In this regard, may I request you to be one of my respondents and cooperate by
responding with your honest answers in the questionnaires that will be given. Your
answers and response to this study will be lead to the success of this research.
Thank you very much and God Bless.
Respectfully yours,
CHARLENE C. MENZI
Student Researcher
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
49
APPENDIX B
Survey Questionnaire
Employment Status of Agribusiness Graduates of
Benguet State University from
Year 2000 - 2010
Directions: Please respond to each item in the questionnaire by checking or providing the
needed information on the appropriate blanks and space provided for.
I. Background Information
A. Personal Information of Respondents
1. Name:__________________________________________________________
2. Address:________________________________________________________
3. Sex: _____________
4. Age:_____________
5. Civil Status: (___) married (___) single (___) others, specify__________
6. Religion: _____________
7. Ethnic Affiliation:______________
B. Educational Information of Respondents
1. Year graduated in Agribusiness: _________________
2. Major: _______________
3. Qualifications: (___) Career Service Exam
(___) Professional
(___) Sub - Professional
(___) Board / Licensure Exam
(___) Pursued Masteral and other courses
Have you finished your Masteral?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
What course have you taken?
Please Specify:__________________
Have you finished your second course?
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
50
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
(___) others, specify ________________________________
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
51
II. Employment Status
1. What is your employment status today:
(___) Employed (proceed to question no. 2 – 5)
(___) Unemployed (proceed to question no. 6 – 7)
(___) Self – employed, (proceed to question no. 8 – 12)
(___) Others, Specify: _____________________________________
2. Were you employed after graduation?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If Yes:
2.1.1. Where were you employed?
_________________________________________________________
2.1.2. Is your job after graduation your current job today?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If no, what is your current job today? _________________________
If No:
2.2.1. What year were you Employed?____________________________
2.2.2. Where were you employed?_______________________________
2.2.3. Is your first job after graduation your current job today?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If no, what is your current job today? _________________________
3. How were you employed?
(___) I applied for it
(___) I was recommended
(___) others, specify: _____________________________________
4. Is the course you graduated from the reason for you to be employed?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If yes, what are the subjects in Agribusiness you think that is useful in the job
you are currently in and the job you had in the past if any?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
If no, what is the field/nature of your job? _____________________________
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
52
5. Was it easy for you to find a job?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If yes, what factor made it easy for you?________________________________
________________________________________________________________
If no, what factor made it not easy for you?_____________________________
________________________________________________________________
6. What is the reason for you not to be employed?
(___) Looking for a job
(___) Pursuing Higher Education
(___) Pursuing another Course
(___) Other reasons, please specify _______________________________
____________________________________________________________
7. Were you employed before?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If Yes, What was your job?__________________________________________
Is that job related to the course you graduated from? (___) Yes (___) No
What is the reason for you to quit your job before? _________________
__________________________________________________________
If No, proceed to questions no. 13, 14, 15 and 18.
8. Were you self-employed right after graduation?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
9. What type of job are you doing being self-employed?
________________________________________________________________
10. How many years/months have you been self-employed? ___________________
11. Do you intend to be self-employed for the next 10 years?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
12. What is the reason for you to be self-employed?
________________________________________________________________
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
53
III. Advantages and Disadvantages
13. What do you think is your advantage having the degree of Agribusiness?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Having these advantages, have you tried looking for jobs outside of Cordillera?
(___) Yes, please specify places ______________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(___) No, proceed to the next question.
14. What do you think is your disadvantage having the degree of Agribusiness?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
15. Do you think your demographic profile such as your name, age, sex, religion,
culture, ethnic affiliation and others affected you while you seek for
employment?
(___)
Yes
(___)
No
If Yes, why? _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
If No, why?__________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
16. What are the subjects you have taken that you find useful in your employment
status today?______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
17. For graduates employed, what are the problems that you have encountered
while seeking employment related to your degree? _______________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
54
18. For unemployed, what are the factors for you not to be employed? __________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
19. What can you suggest for the improvement of the course and the subjects
offered in Agribusiness?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
THANK YOU and GOD BLESS!!!
Employment Status of Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness of Benguet State University
from Year 2000 – 2010 / CHARLENE C. MENZI. 2011
Document Outline
- Employment Status of Bachelor ofScience in Agribusiness of Benguet State University from Year 2000 � 2010
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- METHODOLOGY
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES