ABSTRACT
BIBLIOGRAPHY
GORINTO, JENNYLYN E. OCTOBER 2009. Evaluation of CA Students on the
Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University Benguet State University,
La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Filmore Y Awas, BSc
ABSTRACT
The study on the evaluation of CA students on the Vision, Mission and Goals
poster of Benguet State University was conducted to evaluate the VMG poster of BSU
based on the visual design elements by the students; determine the evaluation of the
students on the VMG poster, identify the common problems encountered by the students
in reading the VMG poster, and solicit the recommendations and suggestions of students
for the improvement of the poster.
On the illustration used, most of the respondents agreed that the illustration was
appropriate to the topic. Half of the respondents claimed that the illustration used is
artistic enough to stimulate interest while majority of the respondents claimed that the
illustration used in the poster is appealing. Based on the raw data, these respondents who
claimed that the illustration used was artistic and appealing are the BSAB and BSA
students. Almost all of the BSDC respondents claimed that it is not that appealing and
artistic.
Majority claimed that the illustration used was not able to help them read the
poster easily because it did not enhance the readability of the text rather it was perceived
as a display picture just to grab the attention of the reader. In terms of the appropriateness
of the illustration, most of the respondents agreed that the illustration was appropriate.
On the typography and layout, majority claimed that the font style used was not
easy to read and that the layout did not attract their attention.
On the color, most of the respondents claimed that the contrast of the font to the
background is not good.
As to their problems, more than half claimed that there is problem in reading the
material. These problems, as enumerated by those who claimed it, focus more on the font
and color contrast of the text used in the poster.
Based on the results of the study, the way of evaluating the poster varies
depending on the course of a certain respondent. The illustrations, graphics and layout
contrast of the color of the background and font color affects the respondent’s readability,
appreciation, understanding and interest in reading the poster.
Generally, there is a need to change the layout, the color of the background and
the color of the text of the VMG poster being posted in the university. As suggested by
the respondents, the color of the font should contrast to the poster.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………….
i
Abstract……… ……………………………………………………………………… i
Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………… iii
INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………... 1
Rationale …………………………………………………………………….. 1
Statement of the Problem …………………………………………………… 2
Objectives of the Study ……………………………………………………... 2
Importance of the Study …………………………………………………….. 3
Scope and Limitation ………………………………………………………... 3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE………………………………………………………... 4
History of Benguet State University…………………………………………. 4
Vision, Mission and Goals of Benguet State University…………………….. 5
What is a Poster……………………………………………………………... 6
Characteristics of a Good Poster……………………………………………..
6
METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………………………... 8
Locale and Time of the Study………………………………………………..
8
Respondents of the Study……………………………………………………. 8
Data Collection………………………………………………………………. 8
Data Analysis………………………………………………………………… 10
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION……………………………………………………...
11
iii
Socio-demographic Profile…………………………………………………… 11
Description of the Poster…………………………………………………….. 12
Evaluation of the Respondents…………………………….............................. 13
on the illustration of the Poster
Evaluation of the Respondents ………………………………………………. 14
on the Typography of the Poster
Evaluation of the Respondents ……………………………............................. 16
on the Lay-out used in the Poster
Evaluation of the Respondents……………………………............................... 16
on the Color used in the poster
Evaluation of the Respondents…………………………….............................. 19
on the Content of the Poster
Problems Encountered by the Respondents………………………………….. 20
in Reading the Poster
Suggestions of the Respondents on the Poster……………………………….. 20
SUMMARY…………………………………………………………………………. 22
Conclusions …………………………………………………………………. 23
Recommendations …………………………………………………………… 24
APPENDIX ………………………………………………………………………….
26
A. Questionnaire …………………………………………………………….. 26
iv
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Benguet State University is guided by its vision of becoming a premier university
in highland agriculture and its allied fields throughout Southeast Asia. The University has
broadened its programs yet focused on strategic strengths in each program particularly in
response to the ten –point agenda of the national government. Priority attention was
focused on strengthening the University’s function in instruction, research, extension, and
resource generation (Anonymous, 2005).
The University mission is the development of people imbued with excellence and
social conscience who actively generate promotes environment friendly technologies to
improve quality of life.
BSU was founded in 1916 and has a focus in the fields of agriculture, education
and medicine. The university's educational goals emphasize service to society and it has
collaborated with environmental experts and researchers to boost farming in the local
community. BSU has also been a forerunner in environmental protection and natural
resource development.
The vision, mission and goal have a very important role in the University; it is the
profile of the University therefore the students need to know them. This is to encourage
them to do their best, to know their role in the University, and to realize their values. To
inform BSU constituents and the public of the Vision, Mission and Goals, the university
used different materials. One of these is the VMG poster. One of these posters was posted
at the College of Agriculture at the 3rd floor beside the Department of Extension
Education faculty room and also to other faculty rooms of Benguet State University. The
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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poster used has a green background and black font color. The poster’s content is the
Vision Mission and Goals of Benguet State University as a whole. It is measured 18
inches width and 24 inches in length. Since the posting of the said poster, no studies were
done to evaluate it. Therefore there is a need to evaluate the IEC material used in Benguet
State University.
Statement of the Problem
The study was conducted to know the Evaluation of CA students on the Vision,
Mission and Goals poster of Benguet State University.
Specifically the study sought to answer the following questions.
1. What is the evaluation of the students in the VMG poster in Benguet State
University?
a. Illustration used
b. Typography
c. Layout
d. Color
e. Content
2. What are the common problems encountered by the students in reading the VMG
poster in Benguet State University?
3. What are the recommendations and suggestions of the students for the
improvement of the poster?
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Objectives of the Study
The study will be conducted to:
1. Determine the student’s evaluation based on the following visual design elements:
a. illustration used
b. typography
c. layout
d. color
e. content
2. Identify the common problems encountered by the students in reading the VMG
poster.
3. Solicit the recommendations and suggestion of students for the improvement of
the poster.
Importance of the Study
The result of the study will be helpful for those who prepared the poster in
improving the poster for newer editions. It will also be used as a guide for the
improvement of the communication material to be more effective in delivering the
information.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
The study focused on the evaluation and problems encountered by the students in
reading the VMG poster, and the recommendations and suggestions of the students for
the improvement of the poster. The material evaluated was the Vision, Mission and Goals
poster in Benguet State University.
Data gathering were on January 2008.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
History of Benguet State University
This 90-year old school is nestled in the heart of La Trinidad, Benguet the
strawberry capital of the Philippines.
Its history dates back to the time when the Baguio-La Trinidad road was only a
rough horse trail in 1916. That was the year when the La Trinidad Experiment Station of
the Bureau of Agriculture was turned over to the Bureau of Education. By this turn of
events, the La Trinidad Farm School was opened with 30 pupils in Grade V
(Anonymous.n.d).
This development trail blazed the school's metamorphosis, as it expanded its
services and heightened its prominence in the area. According to earlier reports, the Farm
School was planned ultimately to develop into a large normal school, where the best
Igorot pupils will be given special training for the service as teachers among their own
people with emphasis on agricultural education (Anonymous.n.d).
In 1946, the school became the La Trinidad Agricultural High School. Four years
later, a provincial normal curriculum was added to its agricultural education program.
The said curriculum was abolished in 1953 and a two-year post high school certificate in
agricultural education was offered (Anonymous.n.d).
The school was renamed La Trinidad National Agricultural School (LTNAS).
Four months later, it was nationalized and named the Mountain National Agricultural
School (MNAS). It was soon converted into the Mountain National College (MNAC);
Mountain Agricultural College ( MAC ); and eventually, the Mountain State Agricultural
College (MSAC) in 1969 through RA 5923 (Anonymous.n.d).
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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On January 12, 1986, the College was converted to a state university by virtue of
Presidential Decree (PD) No. 2010 signed by President Ferdinand E. Marcos. Initiatives
for this development started in the 70's when former Assemblyman Andres A. Cosalan
filed a bill for the elevation of the Mountain State Agricultural College to a University.
Later in 1984, the incumbent Congressman, Samuel M. Dangwa refiled the bill with
some amendments until PD 2010 was signed.Another local leader responsible for the
attainment of university status was former Benguet Governor Ben Palispis. From 1916
until the late forties, the school was headed by Donato Cariño, James A. Wright, J.R.
Zollanger, Clayton Abbot, Glen Grisham, Russel Taylor, Clayton C. Douglas, and Luis J.
Dangilan.Succeeding heads were Constancio T. Medrana, Julian Mamaril, Amado C.
Tolentino, Bruno M. Santos, Pedro Ventura, Antonio G. Dumlao, Lawana T. Batcagan,
Fortunato A. Battad, Lucio B. Victor, Cipriano C. Consolacion and the incumbent
President Rogelio D. Colting (Anonymous, n.d.).
Vision, Mission and Goals of Benguet State University
Vision. A premier state university in Southeast Asia.
Mission. Develop people with a culture of excellence and social conscience who
actively promote environment-friendly technologies for improving quality life.
Goals. To provide quality and relevant education that will produce globally
competitive graduates. To generate and disseminate appropriate knowledge and
technologies that will promote sustainable resource development. To strengthen and
enhance institutional capability in generating revenue towards self-reliance. To establish
competent and effective services geared towards efficiency and economy. To develop
harmonious and co-operative University-community relationships (Anonymous,n.d.).
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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What is a Poster?
Poster. Popularly used in advertising and campaigns, posters and billboards tend
well to making announcements or creating awareness about innovations for varied
audiences. Posters must elicit some action to be effective, often though prescriptive or
thought –provoking messages. Presenting messages must arrest and hold enough
attention and interest (Cadiz, 1991).
Poster is a printed sheet of paper or cardboard displayed in public. Most posters
convey a simple message using words and illustrations. A typical poster emphasizes
simple shapes, bright colors, and large letters to attract attention. Most posters are large
enough to be seen from a distance .They are posted on walls and places along places
where the public can easily see them (World Book Encyclopedia, 2004).
A form of announcement usually printed on paper or cardboard, for public
display. A picture is generally combined design that makes a unified impact concisely
and powerfully. Thus the poster is easily seen, understood and recalled (Encyclopedia
Americana, 2002).
The term poster was originally used (c.1838) in England refer to a printed sheet of
paper that combined text and illustration. Posters were displayed in public places as an
announcement and advertisement (Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia, 1994).
Characteristic of a Good Poster
According to Michaels (2007) a good poster has the following characteristics:
It does the job quickly. A posters’ job is to communicate your information quickly
and efficiently. Many beginning business people think that they need to pack as much as
they can onto their posters. However, trying to put too much information, or too many
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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images, into your poster will make it look complicated and cluttered. A cluttered poster
cannot "talk" to its viewers quickly, which prevents it from doing its designated job. A
good poster is simple yet effective. It tells everyone who looks at it what they are
supposed to know right away.
It gets attention. Obviously a good poster is attractive enough to bring in your
target customers. You have to incorporate elements into your poster that will entice your
target customers to look at the poster and get the information you want them to have. It is
usually a good idea to include offers on your posters to gain attention. Or, you can throw
in some interesting information that pertains to your subject. You can also include a
picture or image that is attention grabbing.
It is convincing. As we already said, you do not want to include too much
information in your poster. However, you have to give your readers enough to convince
them that what you are saying is accurate. Use short but strong statements to back up
your claims. Be careful not to over extend yourself. Do not make claims or exaggerations
that you cannot defend. In fact, not making any claims at all is usually a good idea. Just
use what you need to get your message across.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
The study was conducted at Benguet State University (Figure 1). BSU is located
at Benguet Province specifically at the La Trinidad Valley, the Strawberry Capital of the
Philippines. It is about 1300 meters above sea level. It is five kilometers away from
Baguio City, the summer Capital of the Philippines and is 256 kilometers north of
Manila. It is bounded on the north by the municipality of Tublay, on the south by Baguio,
and on the west by Sablan and Tuba.
The study was conducted from December 2009 to January 2009.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study were 60 College of Agriculture students of Benguet
State University, enrolled in the second semester of school year 2008-2009. The
respondents are having a class at third floor level at the college of Agriculture building
where the poster is posted. Specifically, the respondents were 20 BSAB students, 20 BSA
students, and 20 BS Development Communication Students.
The respondents were chosen through purposive sampling.
Data collection
A survey questionnaire was used for obtaining data from the students. The survey
questionnaire was based from the study of Manzano (2008) and from the following site:
http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Five-Characteristics-of-a-Good-Poster&id=1312836
and
http://www.poultryscience.org/psa02/poster.htm .
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Figure 1. Map of La Trinidad showing the location of the study
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Data Gathered
The data gathered were: the evaluation of the College of Agriculture students on
the vision, mission and goals poster in BSU; their common problems encountered in
reading the VMG poster; and their recommendations and suggestion for the improvement
of the poster.
Data Analysis
The data and information gathered were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive
tools such as frequency counts and percentages.
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents
Table 1 shows the socio-demographic profile of the respondents. The data for this
category include the respondent’s sex and age. Data like their course, year and major
were included as a basis for the researcher when tallying the results.
The data show that 75% of the respondents were female and 25% were male. As
to their age, majority (68.33%) was under the age bracket of 17 to 19 years old; 30%
belonged under the age bracket of 20 to 22; and 1.67% was under the age bracket of 23
to 25.
Table 1. Socio-demographic profile of the respondents
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(n=60)
Sex
Female
45
75
Male
15
25
TOTAL
60
100
Age
17-19
41
68.33
20-22
18
30
23-25
1
1.67
TOTAL
60
100
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Description of the Poster
The poster was 18 inches width by 24 inches length. The poster used the color
green as a background and the color of the fonts was black. Background picture of the
poster was the BSU logo. There were no other graphics or pictures used to further
enhance the appearance of the poster. In short, the poster is simple. Figure 2 shows the
image of the poster.
Fig.2 Image of the poster
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Evaluation of the Respondents on the Poster
Illustration. Table 2 shows the evaluation of the respondents on the VMG poster
with regards to the illustration used. The data included in the category are the evaluation
of the respondents on the illustration, typography, layout, color and content of the poster.
Based on the table, majority (78.33%) agreed that the illustration used (BSU logo)
was appropriate to the topic, because as they claimed, the BSU logo usually represents
the whole Benguet State University as an institution and it was just right for the content
of the poster which is the VMG of the school. However, majority (65%) claimed that the
illustration used was not able to help them read the poster easily because it did not
enhance the readability of the text rather it was perceived as a display picture just to grab
the attention of the reader.
The result supports the statement of Michaels (2007) that the inclusion of picture
or image in a poster could grab attention of the viewers.
Moreover, more than half (52.67%) of the respondents claimed that the
illustration used was artistic enough to stimulate interest while majority (60%) of the
respondents claimed that the illustration used in the poster is appealing. Based on the raw
data, these respondents who claimed that the illustration used was artistic and appealing
are the BSAB and BSA students. Almost all of the BSDC respondents claimed that it is
not that appealing and artistic.
The negative response of the BSDC students could be attributed to their
knowledge and awareness in considering different visual elements in preparing IEC
materials which is part of their course. In terms of the appropriateness of the illustration,
most (63.33%) of the respondents agreed that the illustration was appropriate. On the
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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contrary, most (65%) claimed that the illustration in the poster did not stimulate their
interest.
This could be attributed to the poor mixture or inclusion of other elements in the
poster as explained by Michaels (2007). According to him, a good poster should be
attractive enough to bring in target customers. It has to incorporate elements that will
entice the target customers to look at the poster and get the information you wanted them
to have like background images, borders, appropriate placing of text among other
elements.
Typography. Table 3 shows evaluation of the respondent on the typography aspect
of the poster. Majority (61.67%) disagreed that the size of the font was large enough to be
read because they had a difficulty in reading the text when they are about a distance from
the poster. Font sizes need to be big to be effective.
Font sizes need to be big to be effective. A good poster is readable enough six
feet away from the poster (Mandoli, 2007).
Furthermore, most (53.33%) claimed that the color of the font was appropriate to
the background because the font’s color helps the text to be even more hardly to be read.
This result could be attributed to the poorness utilization of the word or text in the poster
as explained by Cadiz (2003).
Cadiz (2003) further explained that words also utilize a non pictorial element.
However, the word may be utilized as pictorial element, portraying the written idea
through its height, thickness, shape color, and even texture. But if words are not used
appropriately, the material could be less functional. Cadiz further emphasized that words
in visual media should be legible and or readable enough. Furthermore, majority (55%)
claimed that the font style used was not easy to be read and furthermore, majority
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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(61.67%) of the respondents disagreed about the poster having a size that was big
enough.
As cited by Cree (2003), font sizes should be clearly expressed in the title which
should be the largest piece of text on the poster, readable from at least 5 feet away, and
should be supported in every element that you decide to include in the poster design.
Table 2. Evaluation of students on the illustration
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
n= 60
%
n= 60
%
Appropriate to the topic
47
78.33
13
21.67
Aids in understanding the VMG of
21
35.00
39
65.00
the University
Artistic enough to stimulate interest
31
51.67
29
48.33
Appealing
24
40.00
36
60.00
Uses appropriate illustration
38
63.33
22
37.67
Helps stimulate interest
21
35.00
39
65.00
Table 3. Evaluation of students on the typography used in the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
n= 60
%
n= 60
%
Large enough
23
38.33
37
61.67
Font color appropriate to the 28
46.67
32
53.33
background
Font style used easily read
27
45.00
33
55
Font’s title big enough
23
38.33
37
61.67
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Layout. Table 4 shows the evaluation of the respondents on the layout of the
poster. As explained by Cadiz (2003), lay-out is the arrangement of pictorial elements
and words in given space. This is of two general types: symmetrical and asymmetrical
layout. The basic function of layout in visual design is to control eye movement.
Majority (70%) of the respondents noted that the layout did not attract their
attention.
As explained by the respondents, the poster is simple they have to add some
design and the combination of the graphics is not appropriate, they should change the
colors and better not to place the BSU logo at the center.
Cadiz (2003) noted that posters must elicit some action to be effective, often
though prescriptive or thought –provoking messages. She added that presenting messages
must arrest and hold enough attention and interest.
Aside from that, 71.67% claimed that it is very simple and did not portray
anything special on the poster. Furthermore; majority 71.67% claimed that the lay-out
used is not pleasing to the eye.
Meanwhile, 51.67% of the respondents claimed that there is unity and harmony in
the layout used. Also, 58.33% claimed that the poster has open spaces for pauses. More
than half (55%) of the respondents disagreed that the poster is appropriate in size.
As to the arrangement of text and logo, most of the respondents (71.67%) noted
that the elements (logo and text) are neatly arranged.
The World Book Encyclopedia (2004) explained that a typical poster should
emphasize simple shapes, bright colors, and large letters to attract attention.
Color. Table 5 shows that most (60%) of the respondents claimed that the contrast
of the font to the background is not good. The poster used the color green as a
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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background and the color of the fonts was black. Background picture of the poster was
the BSU logo which is combined with color gray and yellow. As explained by the
respondents, green and gray is not a good background, the background is not coinciding
with the color of the letterings because the color of the font and background is both dark
therefore it does not contrast with the background.
Furthermore, the respondents claimed that the color of the background is not
good because it is not appropriate to the color of the font used. Most (60%) of the
respondents claimed that the content of the poster is appropriate to the background.
Majority (61.67%) of them also claimed that the content of the poster is not that easy to
read. This could be attributed to the contrast of color used in the poster that could have
affected their comprehension of the poster’s content. As the respondents explained, the
poster’s background color is more visible to the eye than the text used. For this reason,
they have to go nearer to be able to read the content.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Table 4. Evaluation of students on the layout in the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
n =60 %
n =60
%
The layout attracts attention
18
30.00
42
70.00
The layout is pleasing to the eye
16
26.67
43
71.67
The poster was well organized, neat 32
53.33
28
46.67
and attractive
There is unity and harmony on the 31
51.67
29
48.33
layout used
The poster has open spaces for 35
58.33
25
41.67
pauses
The poster is appropriate in size
27
45.00
33
55.00
The elements (logo or text) are neatly 43
71.67
17
28.33
arranged
Table 5.Evaluation of the students on the color used in the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
n =60 %
n =60
%
The color contrast of the font is 21
35.00
39
65.00
good
The color of the background nice
23
38.33
37
61.67
Appropriate to the background.
36
60.00
24
40.00
Easy to read.
23
38.33
37
61.67
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Content. Table 6 shows the evaluation of the respondents on the content of the
poster.
Majority (75%) of the respondents agreed that the information in the poster was
concise and complete because according to them the VMG is completely presented in the
poster. Furthermore, most (80%) of the respondents claimed that the information in the
poster was presented in a professional manner (correct grammar, spelling and syntax) and
that most of the respondents (71.67%) said that the words used in the VMG was simple
enough to understand. Also, 51.67% of the respondents claimed that they understood the
content of the poster. Some of the respondents listed the words that are difficult to be
understand in the poster. Out of 60, nine of them claimed that the word ‘imbued’ is the
most difficult word that is used in the VMG.
Table 6. Evaluation of students on the content of the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
NO
RESPONSE
F
%
F
%
F
%
Concise and complete.
45
75.00
15
25.00
_
_
Presented
in
a 48
80.00
12
20.00
_
_
professional
manner
(correct
grammar,
spelling and syntax).
Used simple words.
43
71.61
17
28.33
_
_
Understand the content 31
51.67
5
8.33
24
40.00
of the poster.
Difficult to understand.
13
21.67
12
20.00
35
58.33
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Problems Encountered in Reading the Poster
Table 8 and 9 show the problems encountered in reading the poster. In Table 9,
majority of the respondents said that they have a problem in reading the VMG poster as
proven by 31 of the respondents. Only 18 of the respondents said that there is no problem
in reading the said poster. These 31 respondents were asked to enumerate their problems
on the said material.
Based on the consolidated answers, 25% of the respondents who claimed that
there is a problem in the poster said that the poster uses small fonts making the content
hard to read in a distance. Also, the poster is also small and is inappropriate for a big
university with a big population. Another respondent said that the color of the poster is
too dark, which could be related to the contrast as emphasized by some of these
respondents.
Suggestions of the Respondents on the Improvement of the Poster
Most of the respondents suggested that the poster should be changed and improve
the layout. Majority of the DevCom students further noted that the different visual design
elements should be considered in preparing any IEC material. This, according to some of
them, would enhance the readability and understanding of the respondents on the poster.
Specifically, the respondents suggested that the color of the font should contrast to the
poster; add some design to make it more interesting; and arrange the logo and text
properly, not making the logo as the background of the text.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Table 8. Problems in reading the VMG poster
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY (n= 60) PERCENTAGES (%)
There is no problem
18
30.00
There is problem
31
51.66
No Response
11
18.33
Table 9. Enumerated problems in reading the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
The poster uses too small fonts that cannot easily be
15
25.00
read and that the text and the content is hard to be
read in a distance;
The color of the font did not contrast to the color of
10
16.67
the background;
Some text are blurred because of the background and
3
5.00
that the background is not coinciding with the color
of the letterings;
The logo blocks the words (the background is not
2
3.33
appropriate for the fonts);
The words are not readable enough for the audience
2
3.33
to notice;
The logo is more attractive than the main content
2
3.33
The poster’s background is more visible to the eye
2
3.33
than the message of the text used
The poster is too small.
2
3.33
*Multiple choices
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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22
SUMMARY, CONLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study on the evaluation of students on the Vision, Mission and Goals of
Benguet State University was conducted on January 2008 to evaluate the VMG poster of
BSU based on visual design elements by the students; determine the evaluation of the
students on the VMG poster, identify the common problems encountered by the students
in reading the VMG poster, and solicit the recommendations and suggestion of students
for the improvement of the poster.
A survey questionnaire was used in obtaining data from the students of College of
Agriculture in Benguet State University.
The respondents of the study were 60 College of Agriculture students of Benguet
State University, enrolled in the second semester of school year 2008-2009. Specifically,
the respondents were 20 BSAB students, 20 BSA students, and 20 BS Development
Communication Students.
Majority (75%) of the respondents was female and (25%) was male. Majority
(78.33%) agreed that the illustration used (BSU logo) was appropriate to the topic,
because as they claimed, the BSU logo usually represents the whole Benguet State
University as an institution and it was just right for the content of the poster which is the
VMG of the school. Half (52.67%) of the respondents claimed that the illustration used is
artistic enough to stimulate interest while majority (60%) of the respondents claimed that
the illustration used in the poster is appealing. Based on the raw data, these respondents
who claimed that the illustration used was artistic and appealing are the BSAB and BSA
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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23
students. Almost all of the BSDC respondents claimed that it is not that appealing and
artistic.
On the typography and layout, majority claimed that the font style used was not
easy to read and that the layout did not attract their attention.
On the color, most of the respondents claimed that the contrast of the font to the
background is not good.
As to their problems, more than half claimed that there is problem in reading the
material. These problems, as enumerated by those who claimed it, focus more on the font
and color contrast of the text used in the poster.
Based on the results of the study, the way of evaluating the poster varies
depending on the course of a certain respondent. The illustrations, graphics, and layout
contrast of the color of the background and font color affects the respondent’s readability,
appreciation, understanding and interest in reading the poster.
Generally, there is a need to change the layout, the color of the background and
the color of the text of the VMG poster being posted in the university. As suggested by
the respondents, the color of the font should contrast to the poster.
Conclusions
Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were derived:
1. The way of evaluating the poster varies depending on the course of a certain
respondent.
2. The contrast of the color of the background and font color affects the
readability of the content of the poster.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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24
3. The illustrations and graphics have a great effect on the respondent’s
appreciation and understanding on the content of the poster.
4. The layout affects the audience’s interest in reading the poster.
Recommendations
Based on the conclusions, the following recommendations were derived:
1. Generally, there is a need to change the layout of the VMG poster being posted
in the university based on the result of the study.
2. Different elements that would be used in the poster should be properly
considered to enhance the readability and understanding of the respondents on the poster.
As suggested by the respondents, the color of the font should contrast to the poster. Add
some design and arrange the logo and text.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
GORINTO, JENNYLYN E. OCTOBER 2009
LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS, n.d. History of Benguet State University. Retrieved October 9, 2008
from Benguet State University Website:http://www.bsu.edu.ph/content/university.php
ANONYMOUS. 2005. Executive Summary. Retrieved October 9, 2008
fromhttp://www.coa.gov.ph/2005_AAR/NGAs/ES/BSU-CAR_ES05.pdf
BUSTAMANTE, B.N.2007. Perception change of the BSU freshmen on the University
as influenced by an Information Material. BSThesis. BSU, LaTrinidad, Benguet.
P.10.
CADIZ , M. H. 1991 . Educational Communication for Development: Basic Concepts,
Theories and Know how. College of Agriculture, UPLB. Pp.160-161.
CREE, G. 2003. Guidelines for Research Poster Design. February 25, 2009 from
http://web.uvic.ca/psyc/lindsay/teaching/577/georgecreepostertips.pdf.
LEXICON UNIVERSAL ENCYCLOPEDIA. 1994 .USA: Lexicon Publications,
Inc.Pp.461.
MANZANO, L.T. 2008. Evaluation of Communication materials on Family Planning
used in Tadian, Mt.Province. BS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad Benguet. Pp. 35-36.
MANDOLI, D. 2007. How to Make a Great Poster. Retrieved February 25, 2009 from
http://www.aspb.org/education/poster.cfm.
MICHEALS, A. 2007. Characteristics of a Good Poster. Retrieved 0ctober 17, 2008
from http://www.asas.org/midwest/2007/poster.htm
THE ENCYCLOPEDIA AMERICANA. 2002. USA: A division of Scholastic
Inc.Danbury, Connectcut. P. 456.
THE WORLDBOOK ENCYCLOPEDIA. 2004 .233 North Michigan Avenue Chicago,
Inc. 60601: Worldbook, Inc.Vol.15:708.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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27
APPENDIX A
PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS ON THE MISSION, VISION AND GOALS POSTER
OF BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY
I. SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
Name:
Age: ____
Sex: Male Female
Course: ____________ Year: _________
Major: _____________________________
II. PERCEPTIONS ON THE POSTER
A. Illustration/ Graphics
Yes No
1) Are the illustration / graphics used appropriate to the topic?
2) Did the illustration / graphics used help you to easily read the VMG of
the University?
3) Is the message of the graphics used artistic enough to stimulate
interest?
4) Is the illustration used in the poster appealing?
5) The poster uses appropriate illustration?
6) The illustration in the poster helps stimulate interest?
B. Typography
1) Is the size of the font large enough to read?
2) Is the color of the font appropriate to the background?
3) Is the font style used easy to read?
4) Is the posters title is big enough?
C. Lay-out
1) Did the lay-out attract your attention?
2) Do you find the lay-out pleasing to the eye?
3) Is the poster was well organized, neat and attractive?
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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28
4) Is there unity and harmony on the lay out used?
5) Is the poster has open spaces for pauses?
6) Is the poster is appropriate in size?
7) Is elements (logo and text are neatly) arranged?
D. Color
1) Is the contrast of the font to the background good?
2) Is the color of the background nice?
3) Is the content of the poster appropriate to the background?
E. Content
1) Is the content of the poster easy to read?
2) Is the information in the poster was concise and complete?
3) Is the information in the poster was presented in a professional manner
(correct grammar, spelling and syntax)?
4) Does the poster use simple words?
5) Did you understand the content of the poster?
____ Yes _____No
If no, why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6) Did you encounter words that are difficult to understand in the poster?
_____ Yes _____ No
If yes, please list them ________________ __________________
________________ __________________
________________ __________________
III. Did you have problems in reading the VMG poster?
_____ Yes _____No
If yes, what are the problems?
Please
specify__________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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29
IV. What are your recommendations for the improvement of the poster?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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GORINTO, JENNYLYN E. OCTOBER 2009. Evaluation of CA Students on the
Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University Benguet State University,
La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Filmore Y Awas, BSc
ABSTRACT
The study on the evaluation of CA students on the Vision, Mission and Goals
poster of Benguet State University was conducted to evaluate the VMG poster of BSU
based on the visual design elements by the students; determine the evaluation of the
students on the VMG poster, identify the common problems encountered by the students
in reading the VMG poster, and solicit the recommendations and suggestions of students
for the improvement of the poster.
On the illustration used, most of the respondents agreed that the illustration was
appropriate to the topic. Half of the respondents claimed that the illustration used is
artistic enough to stimulate interest while majority of the respondents claimed that the
illustration used in the poster is appealing. Based on the raw data, these respondents who
claimed that the illustration used was artistic and appealing are the BSAB and BSA
students. Almost all of the BSDC respondents claimed that it is not that appealing and
artistic.
Majority claimed that the illustration used was not able to help them read the
poster easily because it did not enhance the readability of the text rather it was perceived
as a display picture just to grab the attention of the reader. In terms of the appropriateness
of the illustration, most of the respondents agreed that the illustration was appropriate.
On the typography and layout, majority claimed that the font style used was not
easy to read and that the layout did not attract their attention.
On the color, most of the respondents claimed that the contrast of the font to the
background is not good.
As to their problems, more than half claimed that there is problem in reading the
material. These problems, as enumerated by those who claimed it, focus more on the font
and color contrast of the text used in the poster.
Based on the results of the study, the way of evaluating the poster varies
depending on the course of a certain respondent. The illustrations, graphics and layout
contrast of the color of the background and font color affects the respondent’s readability,
appreciation, understanding and interest in reading the poster.
Generally, there is a need to change the layout, the color of the background and
the color of the text of the VMG poster being posted in the university. As suggested by
the respondents, the color of the font should contrast to the poster.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………….
i
Abstract……… ……………………………………………………………………… i
Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………… iii
INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………... 1
Rationale …………………………………………………………………….. 1
Statement of the Problem …………………………………………………… 2
Objectives of the Study ……………………………………………………... 2
Importance of the Study …………………………………………………….. 3
Scope and Limitation ………………………………………………………... 3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE………………………………………………………... 4
History of Benguet State University…………………………………………. 4
Vision, Mission and Goals of Benguet State University…………………….. 5
What is a Poster……………………………………………………………... 6
Characteristics of a Good Poster……………………………………………..
6
METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………………………... 8
Locale and Time of the Study………………………………………………..
8
Respondents of the Study……………………………………………………. 8
Data Collection………………………………………………………………. 8
Data Analysis………………………………………………………………… 10
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION……………………………………………………...
11
iii
Socio-demographic Profile…………………………………………………… 11
Description of the Poster…………………………………………………….. 12
Evaluation of the Respondents…………………………….............................. 13
on the illustration of the Poster
Evaluation of the Respondents ………………………………………………. 14
on the Typography of the Poster
Evaluation of the Respondents ……………………………............................. 16
on the Lay-out used in the Poster
Evaluation of the Respondents……………………………............................... 16
on the Color used in the poster
Evaluation of the Respondents…………………………….............................. 19
on the Content of the Poster
Problems Encountered by the Respondents………………………………….. 20
in Reading the Poster
Suggestions of the Respondents on the Poster……………………………….. 20
SUMMARY…………………………………………………………………………. 22
Conclusions …………………………………………………………………. 23
Recommendations …………………………………………………………… 24
APPENDIX ………………………………………………………………………….
26
A. Questionnaire …………………………………………………………….. 26
iv
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Benguet State University is guided by its vision of becoming a premier university
in highland agriculture and its allied fields throughout Southeast Asia. The University has
broadened its programs yet focused on strategic strengths in each program particularly in
response to the ten –point agenda of the national government. Priority attention was
focused on strengthening the University’s function in instruction, research, extension, and
resource generation (Anonymous, 2005).
The University mission is the development of people imbued with excellence and
social conscience who actively generate promotes environment friendly technologies to
improve quality of life.
BSU was founded in 1916 and has a focus in the fields of agriculture, education
and medicine. The university's educational goals emphasize service to society and it has
collaborated with environmental experts and researchers to boost farming in the local
community. BSU has also been a forerunner in environmental protection and natural
resource development.
The vision, mission and goal have a very important role in the University; it is the
profile of the University therefore the students need to know them. This is to encourage
them to do their best, to know their role in the University, and to realize their values. To
inform BSU constituents and the public of the Vision, Mission and Goals, the university
used different materials. One of these is the VMG poster. One of these posters was posted
at the College of Agriculture at the 3rd floor beside the Department of Extension
Education faculty room and also to other faculty rooms of Benguet State University. The
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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poster used has a green background and black font color. The poster’s content is the
Vision Mission and Goals of Benguet State University as a whole. It is measured 18
inches width and 24 inches in length. Since the posting of the said poster, no studies were
done to evaluate it. Therefore there is a need to evaluate the IEC material used in Benguet
State University.
Statement of the Problem
The study was conducted to know the Evaluation of CA students on the Vision,
Mission and Goals poster of Benguet State University.
Specifically the study sought to answer the following questions.
1. What is the evaluation of the students in the VMG poster in Benguet State
University?
a. Illustration used
b. Typography
c. Layout
d. Color
e. Content
2. What are the common problems encountered by the students in reading the VMG
poster in Benguet State University?
3. What are the recommendations and suggestions of the students for the
improvement of the poster?
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Objectives of the Study
The study will be conducted to:
1. Determine the student’s evaluation based on the following visual design elements:
a. illustration used
b. typography
c. layout
d. color
e. content
2. Identify the common problems encountered by the students in reading the VMG
poster.
3. Solicit the recommendations and suggestion of students for the improvement of
the poster.
Importance of the Study
The result of the study will be helpful for those who prepared the poster in
improving the poster for newer editions. It will also be used as a guide for the
improvement of the communication material to be more effective in delivering the
information.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
The study focused on the evaluation and problems encountered by the students in
reading the VMG poster, and the recommendations and suggestions of the students for
the improvement of the poster. The material evaluated was the Vision, Mission and Goals
poster in Benguet State University.
Data gathering were on January 2008.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
History of Benguet State University
This 90-year old school is nestled in the heart of La Trinidad, Benguet the
strawberry capital of the Philippines.
Its history dates back to the time when the Baguio-La Trinidad road was only a
rough horse trail in 1916. That was the year when the La Trinidad Experiment Station of
the Bureau of Agriculture was turned over to the Bureau of Education. By this turn of
events, the La Trinidad Farm School was opened with 30 pupils in Grade V
(Anonymous.n.d).
This development trail blazed the school's metamorphosis, as it expanded its
services and heightened its prominence in the area. According to earlier reports, the Farm
School was planned ultimately to develop into a large normal school, where the best
Igorot pupils will be given special training for the service as teachers among their own
people with emphasis on agricultural education (Anonymous.n.d).
In 1946, the school became the La Trinidad Agricultural High School. Four years
later, a provincial normal curriculum was added to its agricultural education program.
The said curriculum was abolished in 1953 and a two-year post high school certificate in
agricultural education was offered (Anonymous.n.d).
The school was renamed La Trinidad National Agricultural School (LTNAS).
Four months later, it was nationalized and named the Mountain National Agricultural
School (MNAS). It was soon converted into the Mountain National College (MNAC);
Mountain Agricultural College ( MAC ); and eventually, the Mountain State Agricultural
College (MSAC) in 1969 through RA 5923 (Anonymous.n.d).
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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On January 12, 1986, the College was converted to a state university by virtue of
Presidential Decree (PD) No. 2010 signed by President Ferdinand E. Marcos. Initiatives
for this development started in the 70's when former Assemblyman Andres A. Cosalan
filed a bill for the elevation of the Mountain State Agricultural College to a University.
Later in 1984, the incumbent Congressman, Samuel M. Dangwa refiled the bill with
some amendments until PD 2010 was signed.Another local leader responsible for the
attainment of university status was former Benguet Governor Ben Palispis. From 1916
until the late forties, the school was headed by Donato Cariño, James A. Wright, J.R.
Zollanger, Clayton Abbot, Glen Grisham, Russel Taylor, Clayton C. Douglas, and Luis J.
Dangilan.Succeeding heads were Constancio T. Medrana, Julian Mamaril, Amado C.
Tolentino, Bruno M. Santos, Pedro Ventura, Antonio G. Dumlao, Lawana T. Batcagan,
Fortunato A. Battad, Lucio B. Victor, Cipriano C. Consolacion and the incumbent
President Rogelio D. Colting (Anonymous, n.d.).
Vision, Mission and Goals of Benguet State University
Vision. A premier state university in Southeast Asia.
Mission. Develop people with a culture of excellence and social conscience who
actively promote environment-friendly technologies for improving quality life.
Goals. To provide quality and relevant education that will produce globally
competitive graduates. To generate and disseminate appropriate knowledge and
technologies that will promote sustainable resource development. To strengthen and
enhance institutional capability in generating revenue towards self-reliance. To establish
competent and effective services geared towards efficiency and economy. To develop
harmonious and co-operative University-community relationships (Anonymous,n.d.).
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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What is a Poster?
Poster. Popularly used in advertising and campaigns, posters and billboards tend
well to making announcements or creating awareness about innovations for varied
audiences. Posters must elicit some action to be effective, often though prescriptive or
thought –provoking messages. Presenting messages must arrest and hold enough
attention and interest (Cadiz, 1991).
Poster is a printed sheet of paper or cardboard displayed in public. Most posters
convey a simple message using words and illustrations. A typical poster emphasizes
simple shapes, bright colors, and large letters to attract attention. Most posters are large
enough to be seen from a distance .They are posted on walls and places along places
where the public can easily see them (World Book Encyclopedia, 2004).
A form of announcement usually printed on paper or cardboard, for public
display. A picture is generally combined design that makes a unified impact concisely
and powerfully. Thus the poster is easily seen, understood and recalled (Encyclopedia
Americana, 2002).
The term poster was originally used (c.1838) in England refer to a printed sheet of
paper that combined text and illustration. Posters were displayed in public places as an
announcement and advertisement (Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia, 1994).
Characteristic of a Good Poster
According to Michaels (2007) a good poster has the following characteristics:
It does the job quickly. A posters’ job is to communicate your information quickly
and efficiently. Many beginning business people think that they need to pack as much as
they can onto their posters. However, trying to put too much information, or too many
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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images, into your poster will make it look complicated and cluttered. A cluttered poster
cannot "talk" to its viewers quickly, which prevents it from doing its designated job. A
good poster is simple yet effective. It tells everyone who looks at it what they are
supposed to know right away.
It gets attention. Obviously a good poster is attractive enough to bring in your
target customers. You have to incorporate elements into your poster that will entice your
target customers to look at the poster and get the information you want them to have. It is
usually a good idea to include offers on your posters to gain attention. Or, you can throw
in some interesting information that pertains to your subject. You can also include a
picture or image that is attention grabbing.
It is convincing. As we already said, you do not want to include too much
information in your poster. However, you have to give your readers enough to convince
them that what you are saying is accurate. Use short but strong statements to back up
your claims. Be careful not to over extend yourself. Do not make claims or exaggerations
that you cannot defend. In fact, not making any claims at all is usually a good idea. Just
use what you need to get your message across.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
The study was conducted at Benguet State University (Figure 1). BSU is located
at Benguet Province specifically at the La Trinidad Valley, the Strawberry Capital of the
Philippines. It is about 1300 meters above sea level. It is five kilometers away from
Baguio City, the summer Capital of the Philippines and is 256 kilometers north of
Manila. It is bounded on the north by the municipality of Tublay, on the south by Baguio,
and on the west by Sablan and Tuba.
The study was conducted from December 2009 to January 2009.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study were 60 College of Agriculture students of Benguet
State University, enrolled in the second semester of school year 2008-2009. The
respondents are having a class at third floor level at the college of Agriculture building
where the poster is posted. Specifically, the respondents were 20 BSAB students, 20 BSA
students, and 20 BS Development Communication Students.
The respondents were chosen through purposive sampling.
Data collection
A survey questionnaire was used for obtaining data from the students. The survey
questionnaire was based from the study of Manzano (2008) and from the following site:
http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Five-Characteristics-of-a-Good-Poster&id=1312836
and
http://www.poultryscience.org/psa02/poster.htm .
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Figure 1. Map of La Trinidad showing the location of the study
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Data Gathered
The data gathered were: the evaluation of the College of Agriculture students on
the vision, mission and goals poster in BSU; their common problems encountered in
reading the VMG poster; and their recommendations and suggestion for the improvement
of the poster.
Data Analysis
The data and information gathered were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive
tools such as frequency counts and percentages.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents
Table 1 shows the socio-demographic profile of the respondents. The data for this
category include the respondent’s sex and age. Data like their course, year and major
were included as a basis for the researcher when tallying the results.
The data show that 75% of the respondents were female and 25% were male. As
to their age, majority (68.33%) was under the age bracket of 17 to 19 years old; 30%
belonged under the age bracket of 20 to 22; and 1.67% was under the age bracket of 23
to 25.
Table 1. Socio-demographic profile of the respondents
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(n=60)
Sex
Female
45
75
Male
15
25
TOTAL
60
100
Age
17-19
41
68.33
20-22
18
30
23-25
1
1.67
TOTAL
60
100
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Description of the Poster
The poster was 18 inches width by 24 inches length. The poster used the color
green as a background and the color of the fonts was black. Background picture of the
poster was the BSU logo. There were no other graphics or pictures used to further
enhance the appearance of the poster. In short, the poster is simple. Figure 2 shows the
image of the poster.
Fig.2 Image of the poster
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Evaluation of the Respondents on the Poster
Illustration. Table 2 shows the evaluation of the respondents on the VMG poster
with regards to the illustration used. The data included in the category are the evaluation
of the respondents on the illustration, typography, layout, color and content of the poster.
Based on the table, majority (78.33%) agreed that the illustration used (BSU logo)
was appropriate to the topic, because as they claimed, the BSU logo usually represents
the whole Benguet State University as an institution and it was just right for the content
of the poster which is the VMG of the school. However, majority (65%) claimed that the
illustration used was not able to help them read the poster easily because it did not
enhance the readability of the text rather it was perceived as a display picture just to grab
the attention of the reader.
The result supports the statement of Michaels (2007) that the inclusion of picture
or image in a poster could grab attention of the viewers.
Moreover, more than half (52.67%) of the respondents claimed that the
illustration used was artistic enough to stimulate interest while majority (60%) of the
respondents claimed that the illustration used in the poster is appealing. Based on the raw
data, these respondents who claimed that the illustration used was artistic and appealing
are the BSAB and BSA students. Almost all of the BSDC respondents claimed that it is
not that appealing and artistic.
The negative response of the BSDC students could be attributed to their
knowledge and awareness in considering different visual elements in preparing IEC
materials which is part of their course. In terms of the appropriateness of the illustration,
most (63.33%) of the respondents agreed that the illustration was appropriate. On the
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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contrary, most (65%) claimed that the illustration in the poster did not stimulate their
interest.
This could be attributed to the poor mixture or inclusion of other elements in the
poster as explained by Michaels (2007). According to him, a good poster should be
attractive enough to bring in target customers. It has to incorporate elements that will
entice the target customers to look at the poster and get the information you wanted them
to have like background images, borders, appropriate placing of text among other
elements.
Typography. Table 3 shows evaluation of the respondent on the typography aspect
of the poster. Majority (61.67%) disagreed that the size of the font was large enough to be
read because they had a difficulty in reading the text when they are about a distance from
the poster. Font sizes need to be big to be effective.
Font sizes need to be big to be effective. A good poster is readable enough six
feet away from the poster (Mandoli, 2007).
Furthermore, most (53.33%) claimed that the color of the font was appropriate to
the background because the font’s color helps the text to be even more hardly to be read.
This result could be attributed to the poorness utilization of the word or text in the poster
as explained by Cadiz (2003).
Cadiz (2003) further explained that words also utilize a non pictorial element.
However, the word may be utilized as pictorial element, portraying the written idea
through its height, thickness, shape color, and even texture. But if words are not used
appropriately, the material could be less functional. Cadiz further emphasized that words
in visual media should be legible and or readable enough. Furthermore, majority (55%)
claimed that the font style used was not easy to be read and furthermore, majority
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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(61.67%) of the respondents disagreed about the poster having a size that was big
enough.
As cited by Cree (2003), font sizes should be clearly expressed in the title which
should be the largest piece of text on the poster, readable from at least 5 feet away, and
should be supported in every element that you decide to include in the poster design.
Table 2. Evaluation of students on the illustration
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
n= 60
%
n= 60
%
Appropriate to the topic
47
78.33
13
21.67
Aids in understanding the VMG of
21
35.00
39
65.00
the University
Artistic enough to stimulate interest
31
51.67
29
48.33
Appealing
24
40.00
36
60.00
Uses appropriate illustration
38
63.33
22
37.67
Helps stimulate interest
21
35.00
39
65.00
Table 3. Evaluation of students on the typography used in the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
n= 60
%
n= 60
%
Large enough
23
38.33
37
61.67
Font color appropriate to the 28
46.67
32
53.33
background
Font style used easily read
27
45.00
33
55
Font’s title big enough
23
38.33
37
61.67
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Layout. Table 4 shows the evaluation of the respondents on the layout of the
poster. As explained by Cadiz (2003), lay-out is the arrangement of pictorial elements
and words in given space. This is of two general types: symmetrical and asymmetrical
layout. The basic function of layout in visual design is to control eye movement.
Majority (70%) of the respondents noted that the layout did not attract their
attention.
As explained by the respondents, the poster is simple they have to add some
design and the combination of the graphics is not appropriate, they should change the
colors and better not to place the BSU logo at the center.
Cadiz (2003) noted that posters must elicit some action to be effective, often
though prescriptive or thought –provoking messages. She added that presenting messages
must arrest and hold enough attention and interest.
Aside from that, 71.67% claimed that it is very simple and did not portray
anything special on the poster. Furthermore; majority 71.67% claimed that the lay-out
used is not pleasing to the eye.
Meanwhile, 51.67% of the respondents claimed that there is unity and harmony in
the layout used. Also, 58.33% claimed that the poster has open spaces for pauses. More
than half (55%) of the respondents disagreed that the poster is appropriate in size.
As to the arrangement of text and logo, most of the respondents (71.67%) noted
that the elements (logo and text) are neatly arranged.
The World Book Encyclopedia (2004) explained that a typical poster should
emphasize simple shapes, bright colors, and large letters to attract attention.
Color. Table 5 shows that most (60%) of the respondents claimed that the contrast
of the font to the background is not good. The poster used the color green as a
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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background and the color of the fonts was black. Background picture of the poster was
the BSU logo which is combined with color gray and yellow. As explained by the
respondents, green and gray is not a good background, the background is not coinciding
with the color of the letterings because the color of the font and background is both dark
therefore it does not contrast with the background.
Furthermore, the respondents claimed that the color of the background is not
good because it is not appropriate to the color of the font used. Most (60%) of the
respondents claimed that the content of the poster is appropriate to the background.
Majority (61.67%) of them also claimed that the content of the poster is not that easy to
read. This could be attributed to the contrast of color used in the poster that could have
affected their comprehension of the poster’s content. As the respondents explained, the
poster’s background color is more visible to the eye than the text used. For this reason,
they have to go nearer to be able to read the content.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Table 4. Evaluation of students on the layout in the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
n =60 %
n =60
%
The layout attracts attention
18
30.00
42
70.00
The layout is pleasing to the eye
16
26.67
43
71.67
The poster was well organized, neat 32
53.33
28
46.67
and attractive
There is unity and harmony on the 31
51.67
29
48.33
layout used
The poster has open spaces for 35
58.33
25
41.67
pauses
The poster is appropriate in size
27
45.00
33
55.00
The elements (logo or text) are neatly 43
71.67
17
28.33
arranged
Table 5.Evaluation of the students on the color used in the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
n =60 %
n =60
%
The color contrast of the font is 21
35.00
39
65.00
good
The color of the background nice
23
38.33
37
61.67
Appropriate to the background.
36
60.00
24
40.00
Easy to read.
23
38.33
37
61.67
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Content. Table 6 shows the evaluation of the respondents on the content of the
poster.
Majority (75%) of the respondents agreed that the information in the poster was
concise and complete because according to them the VMG is completely presented in the
poster. Furthermore, most (80%) of the respondents claimed that the information in the
poster was presented in a professional manner (correct grammar, spelling and syntax) and
that most of the respondents (71.67%) said that the words used in the VMG was simple
enough to understand. Also, 51.67% of the respondents claimed that they understood the
content of the poster. Some of the respondents listed the words that are difficult to be
understand in the poster. Out of 60, nine of them claimed that the word ‘imbued’ is the
most difficult word that is used in the VMG.
Table 6. Evaluation of students on the content of the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
YES
NO
NO
RESPONSE
F
%
F
%
F
%
Concise and complete.
45
75.00
15
25.00
_
_
Presented
in
a 48
80.00
12
20.00
_
_
professional
manner
(correct
grammar,
spelling and syntax).
Used simple words.
43
71.61
17
28.33
_
_
Understand the content 31
51.67
5
8.33
24
40.00
of the poster.
Difficult to understand.
13
21.67
12
20.00
35
58.33
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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Problems Encountered in Reading the Poster
Table 8 and 9 show the problems encountered in reading the poster. In Table 9,
majority of the respondents said that they have a problem in reading the VMG poster as
proven by 31 of the respondents. Only 18 of the respondents said that there is no problem
in reading the said poster. These 31 respondents were asked to enumerate their problems
on the said material.
Based on the consolidated answers, 25% of the respondents who claimed that
there is a problem in the poster said that the poster uses small fonts making the content
hard to read in a distance. Also, the poster is also small and is inappropriate for a big
university with a big population. Another respondent said that the color of the poster is
too dark, which could be related to the contrast as emphasized by some of these
respondents.
Suggestions of the Respondents on the Improvement of the Poster
Most of the respondents suggested that the poster should be changed and improve
the layout. Majority of the DevCom students further noted that the different visual design
elements should be considered in preparing any IEC material. This, according to some of
them, would enhance the readability and understanding of the respondents on the poster.
Specifically, the respondents suggested that the color of the font should contrast to the
poster; add some design to make it more interesting; and arrange the logo and text
properly, not making the logo as the background of the text.
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Table 8. Problems in reading the VMG poster
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY (n= 60) PERCENTAGES (%)
There is no problem
18
30.00
There is problem
31
51.66
No Response
11
18.33
Table 9. Enumerated problems in reading the poster
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
The poster uses too small fonts that cannot easily be
15
25.00
read and that the text and the content is hard to be
read in a distance;
The color of the font did not contrast to the color of
10
16.67
the background;
Some text are blurred because of the background and
3
5.00
that the background is not coinciding with the color
of the letterings;
The logo blocks the words (the background is not
2
3.33
appropriate for the fonts);
The words are not readable enough for the audience
2
3.33
to notice;
The logo is more attractive than the main content
2
3.33
The poster’s background is more visible to the eye
2
3.33
than the message of the text used
The poster is too small.
2
3.33
*Multiple choices
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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SUMMARY, CONLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study on the evaluation of students on the Vision, Mission and Goals of
Benguet State University was conducted on January 2008 to evaluate the VMG poster of
BSU based on visual design elements by the students; determine the evaluation of the
students on the VMG poster, identify the common problems encountered by the students
in reading the VMG poster, and solicit the recommendations and suggestion of students
for the improvement of the poster.
A survey questionnaire was used in obtaining data from the students of College of
Agriculture in Benguet State University.
The respondents of the study were 60 College of Agriculture students of Benguet
State University, enrolled in the second semester of school year 2008-2009. Specifically,
the respondents were 20 BSAB students, 20 BSA students, and 20 BS Development
Communication Students.
Majority (75%) of the respondents was female and (25%) was male. Majority
(78.33%) agreed that the illustration used (BSU logo) was appropriate to the topic,
because as they claimed, the BSU logo usually represents the whole Benguet State
University as an institution and it was just right for the content of the poster which is the
VMG of the school. Half (52.67%) of the respondents claimed that the illustration used is
artistic enough to stimulate interest while majority (60%) of the respondents claimed that
the illustration used in the poster is appealing. Based on the raw data, these respondents
who claimed that the illustration used was artistic and appealing are the BSAB and BSA
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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students. Almost all of the BSDC respondents claimed that it is not that appealing and
artistic.
On the typography and layout, majority claimed that the font style used was not
easy to read and that the layout did not attract their attention.
On the color, most of the respondents claimed that the contrast of the font to the
background is not good.
As to their problems, more than half claimed that there is problem in reading the
material. These problems, as enumerated by those who claimed it, focus more on the font
and color contrast of the text used in the poster.
Based on the results of the study, the way of evaluating the poster varies
depending on the course of a certain respondent. The illustrations, graphics, and layout
contrast of the color of the background and font color affects the respondent’s readability,
appreciation, understanding and interest in reading the poster.
Generally, there is a need to change the layout, the color of the background and
the color of the text of the VMG poster being posted in the university. As suggested by
the respondents, the color of the font should contrast to the poster.
Conclusions
Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were derived:
1. The way of evaluating the poster varies depending on the course of a certain
respondent.
2. The contrast of the color of the background and font color affects the
readability of the content of the poster.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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3. The illustrations and graphics have a great effect on the respondent’s
appreciation and understanding on the content of the poster.
4. The layout affects the audience’s interest in reading the poster.
Recommendations
Based on the conclusions, the following recommendations were derived:
1. Generally, there is a need to change the layout of the VMG poster being posted
in the university based on the result of the study.
2. Different elements that would be used in the poster should be properly
considered to enhance the readability and understanding of the respondents on the poster.
As suggested by the respondents, the color of the font should contrast to the poster. Add
some design and arrange the logo and text.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS, n.d. History of Benguet State University. Retrieved October 9, 2008
from Benguet State University Website:http://www.bsu.edu.ph/content/university.php
ANONYMOUS. 2005. Executive Summary. Retrieved October 9, 2008
fromhttp://www.coa.gov.ph/2005_AAR/NGAs/ES/BSU-CAR_ES05.pdf
BUSTAMANTE, B.N.2007. Perception change of the BSU freshmen on the University
as influenced by an Information Material. BSThesis. BSU, LaTrinidad, Benguet.
P.10.
CADIZ , M. H. 1991 . Educational Communication for Development: Basic Concepts,
Theories and Know how. College of Agriculture, UPLB. Pp.160-161.
CREE, G. 2003. Guidelines for Research Poster Design. February 25, 2009 from
http://web.uvic.ca/psyc/lindsay/teaching/577/georgecreepostertips.pdf.
LEXICON UNIVERSAL ENCYCLOPEDIA. 1994 .USA: Lexicon Publications,
Inc.Pp.461.
MANZANO, L.T. 2008. Evaluation of Communication materials on Family Planning
used in Tadian, Mt.Province. BS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad Benguet. Pp. 35-36.
MANDOLI, D. 2007. How to Make a Great Poster. Retrieved February 25, 2009 from
http://www.aspb.org/education/poster.cfm.
MICHEALS, A. 2007. Characteristics of a Good Poster. Retrieved 0ctober 17, 2008
from http://www.asas.org/midwest/2007/poster.htm
THE ENCYCLOPEDIA AMERICANA. 2002. USA: A division of Scholastic
Inc.Danbury, Connectcut. P. 456.
THE WORLDBOOK ENCYCLOPEDIA. 2004 .233 North Michigan Avenue Chicago,
Inc. 60601: Worldbook, Inc.Vol.15:708.
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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APPENDIX A
PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS ON THE MISSION, VISION AND GOALS POSTER
OF BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY
I. SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
Name:
Age: ____
Sex: Male Female
Course: ____________ Year: _________
Major: _____________________________
II. PERCEPTIONS ON THE POSTER
A. Illustration/ Graphics
Yes No
1) Are the illustration / graphics used appropriate to the topic?
2) Did the illustration / graphics used help you to easily read the VMG of
the University?
3) Is the message of the graphics used artistic enough to stimulate
interest?
4) Is the illustration used in the poster appealing?
5) The poster uses appropriate illustration?
6) The illustration in the poster helps stimulate interest?
B. Typography
1) Is the size of the font large enough to read?
2) Is the color of the font appropriate to the background?
3) Is the font style used easy to read?
4) Is the posters title is big enough?
C. Lay-out
1) Did the lay-out attract your attention?
2) Do you find the lay-out pleasing to the eye?
3) Is the poster was well organized, neat and attractive?
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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4) Is there unity and harmony on the lay out used?
5) Is the poster has open spaces for pauses?
6) Is the poster is appropriate in size?
7) Is elements (logo and text are neatly) arranged?
D. Color
1) Is the contrast of the font to the background good?
2) Is the color of the background nice?
3) Is the content of the poster appropriate to the background?
E. Content
1) Is the content of the poster easy to read?
2) Is the information in the poster was concise and complete?
3) Is the information in the poster was presented in a professional manner
(correct grammar, spelling and syntax)?
4) Does the poster use simple words?
5) Did you understand the content of the poster?
____ Yes _____No
If no, why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6) Did you encounter words that are difficult to understand in the poster?
_____ Yes _____ No
If yes, please list them ________________ __________________
________________ __________________
________________ __________________
III. Did you have problems in reading the VMG poster?
_____ Yes _____No
If yes, what are the problems?
Please
specify__________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
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IV. What are your recommendations for the improvement of the poster?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Evaluation of CA Students on the Vision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University.
GORINTO, JENNYLYN E. OCTOBER 2009
Document Outline
- Evaluation of CA Students on theVision Mission and Goals Poster of Benguet State University
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- METHODOLOGY
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES