BIBLIOGRAPHY SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH...
BIBLIOGRAPHY
SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012. Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool
Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Igrelyn P. Pinos- an, BSc.
ABSTRACT
The study on the evaluation of the decision- making tool flipchart (DMT) in
promoting family planning in Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet was conducted
from December 2011 to February 2012. Generally, it evaluated the effectiveness of the
DMT Flipchart in promoting Family Planning. Specifically, it identified the socio-
demographic profile of the respondents; determined the effectiveness of the Decision-
making Tool Flipchart in terms of Comprehensibility, Attractiveness, Acceptability, Self
involvement and Persuasion; determined the problems encountered by the midwife in
explaining the tool; and determined the suggestions of the respondents for the improvement
of the Decision-making Tool.
An interview schedule was used in obtaining data from the 40 respondents
practicing family planning in Municipal Health Office. Also, These were chosen through
purposive sampling. Guide questions were used in obtaining data from the three Barangay
Health Workers.
Results show that, all of the respondents claimed to have comprehended and easily
understood the words. Majority of them also find the decision- making flipchart attractive
while rest thought otherwise. Likewise, majority of them accepted the words used in the
material and believed in its content. Most of the respondents also perceived that the
material was written for them and were persuaded enough to give the recommended family
planning method try.
The BHWs stated that the following problems they have encountered when it comes
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
to communicating the tool: clients are not attentive during the counseling; were not
financial capable; and were hard to be persuaded due to their different belief system.
The researcher recommends that the flipchart should be encouraged as a medium
of instruction not only in the Health Centers but also at the community at large. The use of
audio- visuals or recorders for more practice discussions between clients and providers
may be considered by the DOH. It is also recommended that BHWs find ways on how they
can motivate both couples or help each other attend family planning counseling.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio- demographic Profile of the Respondents.
Table 1 shows the socio- demographic profile of the respondents. These were in
terms of age, address, language spoken, occupation, sex, civil status, religion, number of
children and educational attainment.
Age. The data shows that majority (22) of the respondents was aged 26-35, 10 were
aged 15-25 and 8 were aged 36-45.
This implies that among the respondents, those who were 30-35 years old were
more involved in practicing family planning in MHO.
Civil status and Sex. Results show that almost all of the respondents were married
(39) and were female (38). Only 2 of them were male. This implies that married couples,
especially the females were the most active participants in family planning counseling.
This supports Lugue and De Leon (2001) stating that at the most basic level, family
planning programs involved women more often than men as acceptors of contraception. It
is essential that women be involved not merely as acceptors of this or that contraceptive
device, but as makers of decisions and active participants on an equal basis with men in
the formulation of policies which will profoundly affect their lives.
As to the role of being wives and mothers, it is still very important that men should
be involved in the family planning programs because as married couples they do not just
desire for parenthood but also the responsibilities involved.
Languages spoken. Results show that the respondents were multi-lingual. Majority
(22) of the respondents knew how to speak Ilocano and Kankana-ey.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Table 1. Shows the Socio- demographic Profile of the Respondents
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY (n=40)
PERCENTAGE (%)
Age
15-25
10
25
26-35
22
55
36-45
8
20
Total
40
100
Sex
Female
38
95
Male
2
5
Total
40
100
Civil Status
Married
39
97.5
Single
1
2.5
Total
40
100
Educational Attainment
College Graduate
14
35
College Level
11
27.5
High School Graduate
7
17.5
High School Level
4
10
Elementary Graduate
4
10
Total
40
100
Occupation
House wife
25
62.5
Self- employed
13
32.5
Government employed
2
5
Total
40
100
Language Spoken
Ilocano
22
55
Kankanaey
22
55
Ibaloi
12
30
Tagalog
4
10
Address
Buyagan
16
40
Poblacion
5
10
Puguis
4
5
Betag
4
10
Pico
3
2.5
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Table 1. continued…
Bineng
2
2.5
Balili
2
2.5
Alno
1
7.5
Ambiong
1
2.5
Wangal
1
5
Shilan
1
12.5
Religion
Roman Catholic
21
52.5
Born Again
9
22.5
Anglican
5
12.5
UCCP
2
5
Lutheran
2
5
INC
1
2.5
Address. Most of the clients (17) were residents of Buyagan. The rest of the clients
were distributed to the other barangays.
This implies that clients near MHO were the ones regularly coming in the center
for check- ups.
Occupation. Majority of the respondents (25) were housewives. This implies that
women were the ones actively attending counseling in the MHO because men were the
ones working for the family.
Educational attainment. Among the 40 respondents, (14) finished college and (11)
of them reached college level. This implies that most of the clients were able to read and
write.
Religion. As to the religion of the 40 respondents, majority (52.5%) belonged to the
denomination of Roman Catholic (RC).
Significantly, most of the respondents were RC and using family planning
contraceptives or methods.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Number of children. As to the number of children of the 40 respondents, (13) of
them have one child.
Based on the results of the study, it shows that most Catholic members were the
active participants of family planning using contraceptive methods. The same respondents
noted that using contraceptives has a good effect because they only have one child.
Therefore, religion for them is not a reason not to use contraceptive.
This is in contrast with the study of Lugue and De Leon (2001), that in the teachings
of the RC church, it is sinful to attempt to control or regulate the generative process of
child- bearing and aided by the influences of family mores and traditions in the rural areas.
Children are considered signs of God’s blessing.
Evaluation of the Respondents on the Flipchart
Comprehensibility. Based from the results of the study, there were no words or
sentences that were not understood. All of them understood all the words used in the
content of the flipchart. The respondents even commented that some terms used like
“vomiting and nausea” were easily understood because there were pictures that supported
the texts. The respondents said that graphics and illustrations used helped portray the
message of the flipchart. This implies that there were no problems with regards to the
comprehensibility aspect of the respondents in the material.
The researcher believes that pictures are very important in a certain medium to
achieve effective and a more comprehensive communication. However, words that are
being used in the material should always be visible through the use of pictures and
illustrations to show the appearance of one thing.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
This was supported by the website saying that every graphic should have a purpose.
Graphics and photographs are very important components of a material because they add
interesting visuals to the material, helping the audience to get the message across (Hess et
al., n.d).
Attractiveness. Table 2 shows that great majority (92.5%) of the respondents find
the decision- making flipchart attractive. Table 3 supports this result in terms of the reasons
for attraction of the flipchart. Among the 40 respondents, 19 (47.5%) of them said that with
the presence of illustrations or the pictures, it made them perceived the flipchart to be
attractive because the material has simple and visible illustrations. Eleven (27.5%) of them
were attracted with the font style and font size used because according to the respondents
letters used are clear and easily read. Nine (22.5%) said that the colors of the material are
pleasing to the eyes and 5 (12.5%) of them said that they perceived the layout to be
attractive because according to the respondents, the arrangement or alignment of the
pictures were well organized and well presented.
The respondents perceived the material to be attractive because of the pictures,
colors, font styles and layout. This means that the respondents were dependent enough to
the given designs of the material. What they see in the material is not always what they
perceived to be attracted with because all the elements enumerated by the respondents were
presented in the flipchart regardless to their knowledge in flipchart design.
On the other hand, there were some of the respondents who perceived the material
to be not attractive. According to one respondent, the picture in the flipchart like
“implants” was not familiar to her. This can be reflected in the flipchart that “implants” did
not have a page in the flipchart and so it was not well explained to the clients. Another
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
respondent commented that she did not appreciate the pictures in the material because
according to her, they were not eye catching.
Table 2. Evaluation of the respondents on the effectiveness to the flipchart
EFFECTIVENESS
FREQUENCY (n=40) PERCENTAGE (%)
Attractiveness
Material was attractive
37
92.5
Material was not attractive
3
7.5
Acceptability
Elements are annoying/offensive
2
5
Elements are not offensive
38
95
Content
Believed in the flipchart
38
95
Did not believe in the flipchart
2
5
Self-Involvement
Flipchart was written for them
40
100
Persuasion
Try the recommended FP method
35
87.5
Will not try the recommended method
5
12.5
TOTAL
40
100
Table 3. Respondents’ perceived reasons for attraction to the flipchart
REASONS
FREQUENCY (n=40) PERCENTAGE (%)
Illustrations/pictures are simple and
19
47.5
visible
Font styles and size used are easily read
11
27.5
Colors used are pleasing to the eyes
9
22.5
Well organized presentation of
5
12.5
elements
* Multiple answers
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
In general, the flipchart for the respondents was attractive because it has all the
necessary elements needed as Cadiz mentioned.
According to Cadiz (1991), an important tip in using words in the visual media
pertains to their appearance: words must be legible or readable and legibility is determined
by several factors like size which based on letter height, width and thickness. As general
rule, the shorter, narrower and lighter letterings are less legible. However, letter size should
also be determined by the importance that a word plays in the visual medium.
center of interest; follows normal left to right and top to bottom reading/ viewing directions
or patterns; balance and blend the different elements; simple and with empty breathing
spaces.
Type of illustrations according to Mindanao training Resource Center (n.d) must be big
and bold with minimum of details. Illustration must depict the idea or message; and select
the best types of line or stick figure, cartoons, stylized drawings and photographs.
Acceptability. The result of the study on the respondents’ evaluation on the
acceptability aspects shows that great majority (95%) perceived the material inoffensive as
shown earlier in Table 2. This includes the evaluation of the respondents in the content of
the flipchart.
Table 4 shows that majority (85%) of the respondents said that words/pictures used
in the flipchart were normally and plainly used for educational purposes. According to the
respondents, the family planning methods were all common to them regardless of their
exposure to the material because they were using some of the methods. In addition,
Table 4. Respondents’ perceived reason for the acceptability to the flipchart
REASONS
FREQUENCY (n=40) PERCENTAGE (%)
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Words/pictures were used for
34
85
educational purposes
Illustrations were relevant to the topic
10
25
Attitudinal basis of acceptance
3
7.5
*Multiple response
respondents said that it is better for them to see the appearance of all these methods rather
than being ignorant about it. Ten (25%) of the respondents said that illustrations
specifically the expressions of the people in the pictures support the information in the
flipchart. Based also on the data, there were 3 (7.5%) respondents who perceived the
material to be inoffensive because of their attitudinal basis of acceptance. The basis of the
researcher was according to the respondents statements also. They said that it depends on
how the person consider all these things like being open- minded with regards to this issue
and also in the practicality of life nowadays. The respondent further noted, “Wala na
aarte- arte ngayon”.
This may imply that all pictures used in the flipchart provided impact to the
respondents. The two respondents, who said that they were annoyed in some of the pictures
in the flipchart, identified the pictures of the pregnant and breastfeeding mothers to be
offensive because they were not use to see them in the picture.
Content. As to the content of the material, nearly all (95%) of the respondents
believed the flipchart.
This implies that the flipchart was a credible source of information about family
planning. The two who did not believe the content of the material argued that it rested upon
the married couple’s decision whether or not to practice family planning and acknowledged
that the method did not work all the time.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
This shows that the respondents had a parameter in believing the content of the
flipchart and this was shown in the result that they must prove it their selves first.
Flipchart as visual aids according to Brown (1985), the amount of information or
the content intended to be communicated in the material should be brief and should
highlight only the salient words or phrases necessary to make a point.
Self- involvement. As seen in Table 2, all of the respondents perceived that the
content of the material was written for them.
Hence, the self- involvement aspect of this flipchart succeeded. As reflected in the
results, the flipchart was effective in making the respondents more involved in the family
planning counseling. The BHWs validated these findings when all of them said that during
the presentation their clients often ask questions regarding the content of the flipchart
which they also tried to explain. Moreover the BHWs also added that when their clients
ask questions regarding family planning methods they observed that the interest of the
clients regarding the topic increases and that the clients were able to voice out their insights
regarding the problems that family planning is trying to address. This finding supports the
idea of Cadiz (1991) where she stated that in order to encourage more participation of
learners the presentor should allow learners to reflect on the given problems in order to let
the learners realize by themselves the solutions to such problems instead of directly telling
the learners the solution. This further encourages learners to reflect, raise questions, and
think of solutions creatively, not just remain as passive learners.
Persuasion. As seen in Table 2, results show that that majority of the respondents
(87.5%) stated that they will try the recommended family planning method. However, there
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
were five who said that they will not try the recommended family planning method because
the contraceptive methods have side effects.
Based on the result of the study, this implies that almost all respondents felt right
to be part of the family planning practice and they were willing to alter from the traditional
family planning because they were now open for contraceptive methods and
even natural methods knowing their advantages and benefits from it.
This supports the study of Cadiz (1991) stating to adequately arrest learners’
attention, arouse and sustain the interest of the audience; presenters must explain why the
information they share is important by relating it to learners’ needs, problems or future
situations that they may encounter. This is part of applying the basic communication
principle “know your audience” and the concept of empathy. To be an effective presenter
must be learner- oriented. In the case of the La Trinidad MHO the respondents said that
they were persuaded by the explanation of the BHWs because as the respondents read the
content of the flipchart the BHWs coupled the content of the flipchart with oral
explanations wherein they related the content of the flipchart to the situation of the
respondents.
General Evaluation. Multiple answers were gathered in the general evaluation to
the flipchart. Table 5 shows that among the 40 respondents, there were twenty- one of them
who said that it was good because it helps married couples in choosing what family
planning method to use, eleven (27.5%) of the respondents said that it was good for
educational purposes. Nine (22.5%) of them said that the flipchart was simple and the
content was easily understood, four (10%) of them said that it was satisfactory and
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
informative. Respondents were satisfied because the flipchart helped and taught them how
to do family planning and lastly, only one said that the flipchart has well laid- out.
Table 5. General evaluation of the respondents to the flipchart
GENERAL EVALUATION
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE (%)
It helps married in FP decision-making
21
52.5
It is purposeful educationally
11
27.5
Flipchart was simple and
easily understood
9
22.5
Flipchart was satisfactory
and informative
4
10
*Multiple answers
All the general evaluations of the respondents were positive. Thus, the flipchart
used in the MHO were very useful and effective in counseling about family planning.
The researcher generally rated the flipchart good as it satisfied almost all the basic
elements in designing a material. Although the material violated the criteria mentioned by
Cadiz (1991) regarding the maximum of colors for every page, still, it was effective as
supported by the evaluation of the respondents. The respondents said that it would have
been better if they used photographs of the artificial method and not just graphics.
Problems Encountered by the BHWs
Some clients are not attentive during the counseling. According to the key
informants, they made sure that they explained well the content of the flipchart but their
clients tend to forget the following instructions and the process being instructed them so
they ended up not continuing what is advised to them.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Financial capability of the clients. The BHWs may explain well the family planning
method and clients may easily accept what method they wanted to use but they can only
use what is available to them or what they can afford. In situations like these, there must
be a continuous in taking of pill tablet and it should be completed to be effective, but the
problem arises to the clients. Clients would say to the midwife what other method they can
suggest due to financial constraint.
This implies that the decision- making tool flipchart remained to be a tool as stated
in the study’s rationale where it seeks to guide the providers’ response to the client’s
acclaim and preferences at each step in the counseling process.
The study found out that financial reason was also a factor why such family
planning contraceptives were disregarded by some respondents to go on family planning.
Moreover, the midwife found it difficult to explain the tool to the respondent because of
this factor. She gave recommendation of a good method for a client’s situation but she
cannot do anything about it but to really help the clients give appropriate points regarding
family planning.
Client’s attitude toward the method. According to the midwife, the agreement
between married couples depends on the acquisition of a certain method. For the midwife,
it is hard for her to insist what is good for the clients because often times it is unacceptable
to the couples or offensive to the other and accordingly, this is only a guide for decision-
making. On the other hand, clients also consider the health risks that will cause them if
they chose to use the method. Otherwise, clients insist what they like and the midwife
cannot do anything.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
The result of the study showed that majority of the female participants was the ones
active in family planning; this did not mean that the absence of males in family planning
is the reason. This means that male partners were the ones working because most female
were housewives and it did not mean that they were not active participants in family
planning. It can be implied that the conversation of the couple during bedtime were also
considered as part of the planning decision- making.
In line with this, the researcher suggests that there should be more motivation done
on the part of BHWs to motivate both couples attends family planning counseling.
Clients’ belief system. According to the key informant, older clients were hardly convinced
in terms of explaining a certain method because for some they still believe in their own
beliefs and that the midwife found it hard to convince them. It shows that clients’ belief
system was also a factor which made the midwife difficult to explain the flipchart. Such
belief system included: Social environment, Culture, and Religion.
Social environment. A person’s social environment usually has more influence on family
planning decisions than the attributes of specific contraceptives. When clients were asked
to give reason for their choice of a specific family planning method, most of them cited the
attitudes of their spouse and their neighbors. People chose contraceptive methods that are
commonly used in their community because of its social acceptability and they claimed to
know more about these methods.
Culture. Household and community influences can be so powerful that they can obscure
the line between individual desires and community norms. For instance, in some culture,
according to David (2008), many women reject contraception because bearing and raising
children is the path to respect and dignity in the society. This can be reflected from the
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
result of the study that most women use contraception because having small families is the
norm.
Religion. According to the BHWs they observed that the religious beliefs of their clients
often limit the full participation of the clients in family planning. This supports the findings
of Dixon-Meuller (1999) as cited by David (2008) that religious beliefs accord their
preferences about family size, family pressures to have children and whether to have family
planning in their customs.
The researcher observed that the BHWs who were the providers were subjecting to
the choice of the clients. In a way, it was good because the flipchart encourages only the
providers to give accurate, relevant and up-to-date technical information at appropriate
points and not to force the clients to follow their recommendations.
Suggestions of the Respondents for the Improvement of the Flipchart
The clients were asked to suggest for the improvement of the flipchart. According
to them, the BHWs should think of other ways on how to promote educational family
planning. Also, they suggested that texts in the flipchart should be lessened into a shorter
one. Information should go straight to the point as they were also requesting a handy one
so that they could always read it at home.
In addition, clients suggested that the flipchart must be written in multiple language
translations especially in vernacular so that they may understand it more easily. The clients
also suggested lectures to be done in groups rather than one on one so that they could help
each other in following the instructions in using a method. Finally, the clients said that it
is best if the providers show actual samples during counseling.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study on the evaluation of the decision- making tool flipchart (DMT) in
promoting family planning in Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet was conducted from
December 2011 to February 2012. Generally it evaluated the effectiveness of the DMT
Flipchart in promoting Family Planning. Specifically it identified the socio- demographic
profile of the respondents; determined the effectiveness of the Decision-making Tool
Flipchart in terms of Comprehensibility, Attractiveness, Acceptability, Self involvement
and Persuasion; determined the problems encountered by the BHWs in explaining the tool;
and determined the suggestions of the respondents for the improvement of the Decision-
making Tool.
An interview schedule was used in obtaining data from the respondents in
Municipal Health Office. Also, guide questions were used in obtaining data from the
Barangay Health Workers.
The respondents of the study were three Barangay Health Workers which include
one midwife and two health care volunteers. These three BHWs have seen and used the
flipchart in counseling.
Also, 40 respondents who were practicing family planning were chosen through
purposive sampling. These respondents have undergone counseling in the Municipal
Health Office.
Majority of the respondents interviewed were female and there were only two male.
On the comprehension, all of them claimed that words were easily understood. It appeared
to be comprehensible enough to the respondents while majority found the decision- making
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
flipchart attractive. In terms of acceptability, majority perceived that there were no
annoying words about the flipchart.
Further, majority of the respondents believed in the content of the material and was
written for them. Lastly, majority responded that they will try the recommended family
planning method.
As to their general evaluation, they said that it was good because it helps the married
couples in choosing what they wanted to use for family planning, it was also good for
educational purposes, simple and easily understood, and was satisfactory and informative.
The respondents were satisfied of knowing some information on DMT for them to be aware
on how to do family planning and lastly, it was lay- outed well.
The following were the problems encountered by the BHWs in explaining the tool:
respondents were not attentive during the counseling, financial capability of the clients,
client’s attitude towards the method and clients are hard to persuade due to belief system.
Finally, the respondents suggested that there must be other ways in promoting
educational family planning. Clients suggested lessening the information into a shorter one
and getting straight to the point. It must be written in multiple language translations
especially in vernacular ones, lectures must be done in groups aside from one on one, and
show actual samples of the artificial family planning method during the counseling.
Conclusions
Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were derived:
1. The effectiveness of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart does not only depend on the
colors, graphics and texts but also on the effective delivery of the one explaining the
flipchart.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
2. The flipchart is an effective medium in helping people make choices and decisions.
3. Clients’ decision in choosing a family planning method does not rely only on the
flipchart but could be affected by their personal circumstances like their attitudes, financial
status and belief system.
Recommendations
Based from the conclusions, the following recommendations were derived:
1. The flipchart should be retained as a medium of instruction and it needs to be promoted
more not only in the Health Center but also in the community at large.
2. The use of alternative medium like audio- visuals or recorders for more interactive
discussions between clients and providers may be considered by the DOH.
3. It is recommended that BHWs should strategize other ways on how they can motivate
both couples attend family planning counseling.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
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Philippines. Pp. 100-146.
LUGUE, Q. L. and M. F. DE LEON. 2001. Textbook on Family Planning: with an
overview of population trends, problems and policies. REX Book Store, Manila,
Philippines. Pp. 90-138.
MINDANAO TRAINING RESOURCE CENTER. n. d. A training manual on
Development Communication. Davao City. Mindanao Training Resource Center
Institute of Primary Health Care- Davao Medical School Foundation. Pp. 109-
112.
POPULATION INFORMATION PROGRAM, CENTER FOR COMMUNICATION
PROGRAMS. 1994. Population Reports. The Johns
Hopkins School of Public
Health, 22,2. Population reports Articles database. Retrieved October 18, 2011 from
http://info.k4health.org/pr/j40/j40chap6.shtml.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
QUINTONG, J. 1994. Healh Benefits of Family Planning. In: Cabanos, C., F. Cawaon, E.
Dela Cruz, J. Lalo, O. Medrano and J. Pantig. 1994. Family Planning in the Philippine
Setting: An Anthropology. University of the Philippines: Manila. Pp.1-10.
REGIONAL INFORMATION TRAINING CENTER. n.d. Pretesting Instructional
Materials. Benguet State University Pp. 1, 17-19.
TIWARI, M. 2010. Family Planning Methods. [Electronic version]. Journal of
Bibliographic Research.
Retrieved
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10,
2011
from
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/family planning-methods.html.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION-DEPARTMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE
HEALTH AND RESEARCH. 2005. Decision-making tool for family planning
Clients and providers.
Retrieved
October
18,
2011
from
http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/family_planning/9241593229
index/en/index.html.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012. Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool
Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Igrelyn P. Pinos- an, BSc.
ABSTRACT
The study on the evaluation of the decision- making tool flipchart (DMT) in
promoting family planning in Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet was conducted
from December 2011 to February 2012. Generally, it evaluated the effectiveness of the
DMT Flipchart in promoting Family Planning. Specifically, it identified the socio-
demographic profile of the respondents; determined the effectiveness of the Decision-
making Tool Flipchart in terms of Comprehensibility, Attractiveness, Acceptability, Self
involvement and Persuasion; determined the problems encountered by the midwife in
explaining the tool; and determined the suggestions of the respondents for the improvement
of the Decision-making Tool.
An interview schedule was used in obtaining data from the 40 respondents
practicing family planning in Municipal Health Office. Also, These were chosen through
purposive sampling. Guide questions were used in obtaining data from the three Barangay
Health Workers.
Results show that, all of the respondents claimed to have comprehended and easily
understood the words. Majority of them also find the decision- making flipchart attractive
while rest thought otherwise. Likewise, majority of them accepted the words used in the
material and believed in its content. Most of the respondents also perceived that the
material was written for them and were persuaded enough to give the recommended family
planning method try.
The BHWs stated that the following problems they have encountered when it comes
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
to communicating the tool: clients are not attentive during the counseling; were not
financial capable; and were hard to be persuaded due to their different belief system.
The researcher recommends that the flipchart should be encouraged as a medium
of instruction not only in the Health Centers but also at the community at large. The use of
audio- visuals or recorders for more practice discussions between clients and providers
may be considered by the DOH. It is also recommended that BHWs find ways on how they
can motivate both couples or help each other attend family planning counseling.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio- demographic Profile of the Respondents.
Table 1 shows the socio- demographic profile of the respondents. These were in
terms of age, address, language spoken, occupation, sex, civil status, religion, number of
children and educational attainment.
Age. The data shows that majority (22) of the respondents was aged 26-35, 10 were
aged 15-25 and 8 were aged 36-45.
This implies that among the respondents, those who were 30-35 years old were
more involved in practicing family planning in MHO.
Civil status and Sex. Results show that almost all of the respondents were married
(39) and were female (38). Only 2 of them were male. This implies that married couples,
especially the females were the most active participants in family planning counseling.
This supports Lugue and De Leon (2001) stating that at the most basic level, family
planning programs involved women more often than men as acceptors of contraception. It
is essential that women be involved not merely as acceptors of this or that contraceptive
device, but as makers of decisions and active participants on an equal basis with men in
the formulation of policies which will profoundly affect their lives.
As to the role of being wives and mothers, it is still very important that men should
be involved in the family planning programs because as married couples they do not just
desire for parenthood but also the responsibilities involved.
Languages spoken. Results show that the respondents were multi-lingual. Majority
(22) of the respondents knew how to speak Ilocano and Kankana-ey.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Table 1. Shows the Socio- demographic Profile of the Respondents
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY (n=40)
PERCENTAGE (%)
Age
15-25
10
25
26-35
22
55
36-45
8
20
Total
40
100
Sex
Female
38
95
Male
2
5
Total
40
100
Civil Status
Married
39
97.5
Single
1
2.5
Total
40
100
Educational Attainment
College Graduate
14
35
College Level
11
27.5
High School Graduate
7
17.5
High School Level
4
10
Elementary Graduate
4
10
Total
40
100
Occupation
House wife
25
62.5
Self- employed
13
32.5
Government employed
2
5
Total
40
100
Language Spoken
Ilocano
22
55
Kankanaey
22
55
Ibaloi
12
30
Tagalog
4
10
Address
Buyagan
16
40
Poblacion
5
10
Puguis
4
5
Betag
4
10
Pico
3
2.5
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Table 1. continued…
Bineng
2
2.5
Balili
2
2.5
Alno
1
7.5
Ambiong
1
2.5
Wangal
1
5
Shilan
1
12.5
Religion
Roman Catholic
21
52.5
Born Again
9
22.5
Anglican
5
12.5
UCCP
2
5
Lutheran
2
5
INC
1
2.5
Address. Most of the clients (17) were residents of Buyagan. The rest of the clients
were distributed to the other barangays.
This implies that clients near MHO were the ones regularly coming in the center
for check- ups.
Occupation. Majority of the respondents (25) were housewives. This implies that
women were the ones actively attending counseling in the MHO because men were the
ones working for the family.
Educational attainment. Among the 40 respondents, (14) finished college and (11)
of them reached college level. This implies that most of the clients were able to read and
write.
Religion. As to the religion of the 40 respondents, majority (52.5%) belonged to the
denomination of Roman Catholic (RC).
Significantly, most of the respondents were RC and using family planning
contraceptives or methods.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Number of children. As to the number of children of the 40 respondents, (13) of
them have one child.
Based on the results of the study, it shows that most Catholic members were the
active participants of family planning using contraceptive methods. The same respondents
noted that using contraceptives has a good effect because they only have one child.
Therefore, religion for them is not a reason not to use contraceptive.
This is in contrast with the study of Lugue and De Leon (2001), that in the teachings
of the RC church, it is sinful to attempt to control or regulate the generative process of
child- bearing and aided by the influences of family mores and traditions in the rural areas.
Children are considered signs of God’s blessing.
Evaluation of the Respondents on the Flipchart
Comprehensibility. Based from the results of the study, there were no words or
sentences that were not understood. All of them understood all the words used in the
content of the flipchart. The respondents even commented that some terms used like
“vomiting and nausea” were easily understood because there were pictures that supported
the texts. The respondents said that graphics and illustrations used helped portray the
message of the flipchart. This implies that there were no problems with regards to the
comprehensibility aspect of the respondents in the material.
The researcher believes that pictures are very important in a certain medium to
achieve effective and a more comprehensive communication. However, words that are
being used in the material should always be visible through the use of pictures and
illustrations to show the appearance of one thing.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
This was supported by the website saying that every graphic should have a purpose.
Graphics and photographs are very important components of a material because they add
interesting visuals to the material, helping the audience to get the message across (Hess et
al., n.d).
Attractiveness. Table 2 shows that great majority (92.5%) of the respondents find
the decision- making flipchart attractive. Table 3 supports this result in terms of the reasons
for attraction of the flipchart. Among the 40 respondents, 19 (47.5%) of them said that with
the presence of illustrations or the pictures, it made them perceived the flipchart to be
attractive because the material has simple and visible illustrations. Eleven (27.5%) of them
were attracted with the font style and font size used because according to the respondents
letters used are clear and easily read. Nine (22.5%) said that the colors of the material are
pleasing to the eyes and 5 (12.5%) of them said that they perceived the layout to be
attractive because according to the respondents, the arrangement or alignment of the
pictures were well organized and well presented.
The respondents perceived the material to be attractive because of the pictures,
colors, font styles and layout. This means that the respondents were dependent enough to
the given designs of the material. What they see in the material is not always what they
perceived to be attracted with because all the elements enumerated by the respondents were
presented in the flipchart regardless to their knowledge in flipchart design.
On the other hand, there were some of the respondents who perceived the material
to be not attractive. According to one respondent, the picture in the flipchart like
“implants” was not familiar to her. This can be reflected in the flipchart that “implants” did
not have a page in the flipchart and so it was not well explained to the clients. Another
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
respondent commented that she did not appreciate the pictures in the material because
according to her, they were not eye catching.
Table 2. Evaluation of the respondents on the effectiveness to the flipchart
EFFECTIVENESS
FREQUENCY (n=40) PERCENTAGE (%)
Attractiveness
Material was attractive
37
92.5
Material was not attractive
3
7.5
Acceptability
Elements are annoying/offensive
2
5
Elements are not offensive
38
95
Content
Believed in the flipchart
38
95
Did not believe in the flipchart
2
5
Self-Involvement
Flipchart was written for them
40
100
Persuasion
Try the recommended FP method
35
87.5
Will not try the recommended method
5
12.5
TOTAL
40
100
Table 3. Respondents’ perceived reasons for attraction to the flipchart
REASONS
FREQUENCY (n=40) PERCENTAGE (%)
Illustrations/pictures are simple and
19
47.5
visible
Font styles and size used are easily read
11
27.5
Colors used are pleasing to the eyes
9
22.5
Well organized presentation of
5
12.5
elements
* Multiple answers
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
In general, the flipchart for the respondents was attractive because it has all the
necessary elements needed as Cadiz mentioned.
According to Cadiz (1991), an important tip in using words in the visual media
pertains to their appearance: words must be legible or readable and legibility is determined
by several factors like size which based on letter height, width and thickness. As general
rule, the shorter, narrower and lighter letterings are less legible. However, letter size should
also be determined by the importance that a word plays in the visual medium.
center of interest; follows normal left to right and top to bottom reading/ viewing directions
or patterns; balance and blend the different elements; simple and with empty breathing
spaces.
Type of illustrations according to Mindanao training Resource Center (n.d) must be big
and bold with minimum of details. Illustration must depict the idea or message; and select
the best types of line or stick figure, cartoons, stylized drawings and photographs.
Acceptability. The result of the study on the respondents’ evaluation on the
acceptability aspects shows that great majority (95%) perceived the material inoffensive as
shown earlier in Table 2. This includes the evaluation of the respondents in the content of
the flipchart.
Table 4 shows that majority (85%) of the respondents said that words/pictures used
in the flipchart were normally and plainly used for educational purposes. According to the
respondents, the family planning methods were all common to them regardless of their
exposure to the material because they were using some of the methods. In addition,
Table 4. Respondents’ perceived reason for the acceptability to the flipchart
REASONS
FREQUENCY (n=40) PERCENTAGE (%)
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Words/pictures were used for
34
85
educational purposes
Illustrations were relevant to the topic
10
25
Attitudinal basis of acceptance
3
7.5
*Multiple response
respondents said that it is better for them to see the appearance of all these methods rather
than being ignorant about it. Ten (25%) of the respondents said that illustrations
specifically the expressions of the people in the pictures support the information in the
flipchart. Based also on the data, there were 3 (7.5%) respondents who perceived the
material to be inoffensive because of their attitudinal basis of acceptance. The basis of the
researcher was according to the respondents statements also. They said that it depends on
how the person consider all these things like being open- minded with regards to this issue
and also in the practicality of life nowadays. The respondent further noted, “Wala na
aarte- arte ngayon”.
This may imply that all pictures used in the flipchart provided impact to the
respondents. The two respondents, who said that they were annoyed in some of the pictures
in the flipchart, identified the pictures of the pregnant and breastfeeding mothers to be
offensive because they were not use to see them in the picture.
Content. As to the content of the material, nearly all (95%) of the respondents
believed the flipchart.
This implies that the flipchart was a credible source of information about family
planning. The two who did not believe the content of the material argued that it rested upon
the married couple’s decision whether or not to practice family planning and acknowledged
that the method did not work all the time.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
This shows that the respondents had a parameter in believing the content of the
flipchart and this was shown in the result that they must prove it their selves first.
Flipchart as visual aids according to Brown (1985), the amount of information or
the content intended to be communicated in the material should be brief and should
highlight only the salient words or phrases necessary to make a point.
Self- involvement. As seen in Table 2, all of the respondents perceived that the
content of the material was written for them.
Hence, the self- involvement aspect of this flipchart succeeded. As reflected in the
results, the flipchart was effective in making the respondents more involved in the family
planning counseling. The BHWs validated these findings when all of them said that during
the presentation their clients often ask questions regarding the content of the flipchart
which they also tried to explain. Moreover the BHWs also added that when their clients
ask questions regarding family planning methods they observed that the interest of the
clients regarding the topic increases and that the clients were able to voice out their insights
regarding the problems that family planning is trying to address. This finding supports the
idea of Cadiz (1991) where she stated that in order to encourage more participation of
learners the presentor should allow learners to reflect on the given problems in order to let
the learners realize by themselves the solutions to such problems instead of directly telling
the learners the solution. This further encourages learners to reflect, raise questions, and
think of solutions creatively, not just remain as passive learners.
Persuasion. As seen in Table 2, results show that that majority of the respondents
(87.5%) stated that they will try the recommended family planning method. However, there
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
were five who said that they will not try the recommended family planning method because
the contraceptive methods have side effects.
Based on the result of the study, this implies that almost all respondents felt right
to be part of the family planning practice and they were willing to alter from the traditional
family planning because they were now open for contraceptive methods and
even natural methods knowing their advantages and benefits from it.
This supports the study of Cadiz (1991) stating to adequately arrest learners’
attention, arouse and sustain the interest of the audience; presenters must explain why the
information they share is important by relating it to learners’ needs, problems or future
situations that they may encounter. This is part of applying the basic communication
principle “know your audience” and the concept of empathy. To be an effective presenter
must be learner- oriented. In the case of the La Trinidad MHO the respondents said that
they were persuaded by the explanation of the BHWs because as the respondents read the
content of the flipchart the BHWs coupled the content of the flipchart with oral
explanations wherein they related the content of the flipchart to the situation of the
respondents.
General Evaluation. Multiple answers were gathered in the general evaluation to
the flipchart. Table 5 shows that among the 40 respondents, there were twenty- one of them
who said that it was good because it helps married couples in choosing what family
planning method to use, eleven (27.5%) of the respondents said that it was good for
educational purposes. Nine (22.5%) of them said that the flipchart was simple and the
content was easily understood, four (10%) of them said that it was satisfactory and
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
informative. Respondents were satisfied because the flipchart helped and taught them how
to do family planning and lastly, only one said that the flipchart has well laid- out.
Table 5. General evaluation of the respondents to the flipchart
GENERAL EVALUATION
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE (%)
It helps married in FP decision-making
21
52.5
It is purposeful educationally
11
27.5
Flipchart was simple and
easily understood
9
22.5
Flipchart was satisfactory
and informative
4
10
*Multiple answers
All the general evaluations of the respondents were positive. Thus, the flipchart
used in the MHO were very useful and effective in counseling about family planning.
The researcher generally rated the flipchart good as it satisfied almost all the basic
elements in designing a material. Although the material violated the criteria mentioned by
Cadiz (1991) regarding the maximum of colors for every page, still, it was effective as
supported by the evaluation of the respondents. The respondents said that it would have
been better if they used photographs of the artificial method and not just graphics.
Problems Encountered by the BHWs
Some clients are not attentive during the counseling. According to the key
informants, they made sure that they explained well the content of the flipchart but their
clients tend to forget the following instructions and the process being instructed them so
they ended up not continuing what is advised to them.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
Financial capability of the clients. The BHWs may explain well the family planning
method and clients may easily accept what method they wanted to use but they can only
use what is available to them or what they can afford. In situations like these, there must
be a continuous in taking of pill tablet and it should be completed to be effective, but the
problem arises to the clients. Clients would say to the midwife what other method they can
suggest due to financial constraint.
This implies that the decision- making tool flipchart remained to be a tool as stated
in the study’s rationale where it seeks to guide the providers’ response to the client’s
acclaim and preferences at each step in the counseling process.
The study found out that financial reason was also a factor why such family
planning contraceptives were disregarded by some respondents to go on family planning.
Moreover, the midwife found it difficult to explain the tool to the respondent because of
this factor. She gave recommendation of a good method for a client’s situation but she
cannot do anything about it but to really help the clients give appropriate points regarding
family planning.
Client’s attitude toward the method. According to the midwife, the agreement
between married couples depends on the acquisition of a certain method. For the midwife,
it is hard for her to insist what is good for the clients because often times it is unacceptable
to the couples or offensive to the other and accordingly, this is only a guide for decision-
making. On the other hand, clients also consider the health risks that will cause them if
they chose to use the method. Otherwise, clients insist what they like and the midwife
cannot do anything.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
The result of the study showed that majority of the female participants was the ones
active in family planning; this did not mean that the absence of males in family planning
is the reason. This means that male partners were the ones working because most female
were housewives and it did not mean that they were not active participants in family
planning. It can be implied that the conversation of the couple during bedtime were also
considered as part of the planning decision- making.
In line with this, the researcher suggests that there should be more motivation done
on the part of BHWs to motivate both couples attends family planning counseling.
Clients’ belief system. According to the key informant, older clients were hardly convinced
in terms of explaining a certain method because for some they still believe in their own
beliefs and that the midwife found it hard to convince them. It shows that clients’ belief
system was also a factor which made the midwife difficult to explain the flipchart. Such
belief system included: Social environment, Culture, and Religion.
Social environment. A person’s social environment usually has more influence on family
planning decisions than the attributes of specific contraceptives. When clients were asked
to give reason for their choice of a specific family planning method, most of them cited the
attitudes of their spouse and their neighbors. People chose contraceptive methods that are
commonly used in their community because of its social acceptability and they claimed to
know more about these methods.
Culture. Household and community influences can be so powerful that they can obscure
the line between individual desires and community norms. For instance, in some culture,
according to David (2008), many women reject contraception because bearing and raising
children is the path to respect and dignity in the society. This can be reflected from the
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
result of the study that most women use contraception because having small families is the
norm.
Religion. According to the BHWs they observed that the religious beliefs of their clients
often limit the full participation of the clients in family planning. This supports the findings
of Dixon-Meuller (1999) as cited by David (2008) that religious beliefs accord their
preferences about family size, family pressures to have children and whether to have family
planning in their customs.
The researcher observed that the BHWs who were the providers were subjecting to
the choice of the clients. In a way, it was good because the flipchart encourages only the
providers to give accurate, relevant and up-to-date technical information at appropriate
points and not to force the clients to follow their recommendations.
Suggestions of the Respondents for the Improvement of the Flipchart
The clients were asked to suggest for the improvement of the flipchart. According
to them, the BHWs should think of other ways on how to promote educational family
planning. Also, they suggested that texts in the flipchart should be lessened into a shorter
one. Information should go straight to the point as they were also requesting a handy one
so that they could always read it at home.
In addition, clients suggested that the flipchart must be written in multiple language
translations especially in vernacular so that they may understand it more easily. The clients
also suggested lectures to be done in groups rather than one on one so that they could help
each other in following the instructions in using a method. Finally, the clients said that it
is best if the providers show actual samples during counseling.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study on the evaluation of the decision- making tool flipchart (DMT) in
promoting family planning in Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet was conducted from
December 2011 to February 2012. Generally it evaluated the effectiveness of the DMT
Flipchart in promoting Family Planning. Specifically it identified the socio- demographic
profile of the respondents; determined the effectiveness of the Decision-making Tool
Flipchart in terms of Comprehensibility, Attractiveness, Acceptability, Self involvement
and Persuasion; determined the problems encountered by the BHWs in explaining the tool;
and determined the suggestions of the respondents for the improvement of the Decision-
making Tool.
An interview schedule was used in obtaining data from the respondents in
Municipal Health Office. Also, guide questions were used in obtaining data from the
Barangay Health Workers.
The respondents of the study were three Barangay Health Workers which include
one midwife and two health care volunteers. These three BHWs have seen and used the
flipchart in counseling.
Also, 40 respondents who were practicing family planning were chosen through
purposive sampling. These respondents have undergone counseling in the Municipal
Health Office.
Majority of the respondents interviewed were female and there were only two male.
On the comprehension, all of them claimed that words were easily understood. It appeared
to be comprehensible enough to the respondents while majority found the decision- making
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
flipchart attractive. In terms of acceptability, majority perceived that there were no
annoying words about the flipchart.
Further, majority of the respondents believed in the content of the material and was
written for them. Lastly, majority responded that they will try the recommended family
planning method.
As to their general evaluation, they said that it was good because it helps the married
couples in choosing what they wanted to use for family planning, it was also good for
educational purposes, simple and easily understood, and was satisfactory and informative.
The respondents were satisfied of knowing some information on DMT for them to be aware
on how to do family planning and lastly, it was lay- outed well.
The following were the problems encountered by the BHWs in explaining the tool:
respondents were not attentive during the counseling, financial capability of the clients,
client’s attitude towards the method and clients are hard to persuade due to belief system.
Finally, the respondents suggested that there must be other ways in promoting
educational family planning. Clients suggested lessening the information into a shorter one
and getting straight to the point. It must be written in multiple language translations
especially in vernacular ones, lectures must be done in groups aside from one on one, and
show actual samples of the artificial family planning method during the counseling.
Conclusions
Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were derived:
1. The effectiveness of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart does not only depend on the
colors, graphics and texts but also on the effective delivery of the one explaining the
flipchart.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
2. The flipchart is an effective medium in helping people make choices and decisions.
3. Clients’ decision in choosing a family planning method does not rely only on the
flipchart but could be affected by their personal circumstances like their attitudes, financial
status and belief system.
Recommendations
Based from the conclusions, the following recommendations were derived:
1. The flipchart should be retained as a medium of instruction and it needs to be promoted
more not only in the Health Center but also in the community at large.
2. The use of alternative medium like audio- visuals or recorders for more interactive
discussions between clients and providers may be considered by the DOH.
3. It is recommended that BHWs should strategize other ways on how they can motivate
both couples attend family planning counseling.
Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012
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Evaluation of the Decision- making Tool Flipchart in Promoting Family Planning in
Barangay Poblacion, La Trinidad, Benguet | SORIANO, JUNELYN T. MARCH 2012