BIBLIOGRAPHY RAMIREZ, ALVIN P. APRIL 2011. ...
BIBLIOGRAPHY
RAMIREZ, ALVIN P. APRIL 2011. An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers
Association at Ampucao Proper, Itogon, Benguet. Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet.
Adviser: Cunegunda D. Abellera, MSc.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to determine the socio-economic profile of the respondents, the
socio-economic contributions of the association, the factors contributing to the success of the
association, and the problems encountered and suggested solutions to the problems met in the
association.
The data were gathered from 40 respondents and the beneficiaries of the beekeeping
project implemented in Ampucao Proper, Itogon, Benguet using a structured survey
questionnaire and personal interview.
The findings showed that majority of the respondents were below 40 years old; were
males; had formal education; and were farmers.
The contributions of the association to the lives of the members were: provided
cooperative and educational activity; developed self-reliance and discipline; knowledge and
skills; increased knowledge in crop production; and provided self-employment.
Majority of the beneficiaries claimed the factors which contributed to the success of the
association were: good leadership, active cooperation, policies were implemented and proper
methods of beekeeping.
Problems encountered were as follows: non-specific goals and values and the suggested
solution is to make a specific goal for the industry to follow and each members should be
understandable enough towards the attitude of others.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Socio-demographic Profile
of the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Socio-economic Contri-
butions of the Industry
to the Lives of the
Members .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Factors that Contributed
to the Success of the In-
dustry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Problems Encountered
by the Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Possible Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . .
22
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
APPENDIX
A. Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Many development interventions frequently neglect the importance of agriculture as a
source of livelihood. While it is a known fact that agriculture is not the only source of food and
income, and in many cases not even the main source. It does however, remain important to
household, food, security and many rural livelihood in the world.
Beekeeping is an important component of agriculture and rural development programmes
in many Asian countries. The role of beekeeping is providing nutritional, economic and
ecological security to rural communities of Asia can not be overlooked as it has always been
linked with their cultural and natural heritage. At the household level, beekeeping is an income-
generating activity. This, being a non land-based activity, does not compete activities of
honeybees are important, as they contribute to the increase productivity (Partap and Partap,
1997).
Beekeeping as a livelihood can fit into busy routines of all categories: rural/urban,
education/illiterate, white-collar worker/farmer, rich/poor. It opens an important avenue of
income generation because beekeeping provides self-employment opportunity close to home, it
entails little work, it gives both an economic and moral boost especially for women, helps to
diversity the food base and a nutritious high-value food (Kumar, 1997).
As found by Adeban (1996), development of livelihood in barangay will surely continue
to the economic upliftment of the nation. It would not only stress production and projects
making by utilizing available materials but would also help partly solve the national problem of
unemployment and under employment.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
2
According to Faypon as cited by Abiasen (2003), rural development is like asking for
things we do not have or asking for things should have. It depends on what is personally desired
and on what is perceived by the people. The ideas about development especially when applied to
poor countries begin one end with philosophical attraction such as this expounding indicator like
“poverty threasholds”. She elaborates that rural development is a process to enhance economic,
social, political life of poor people in defined rural areas. The undertaking of projects and
activities to promote socio-economic advancement or comprehensive planning should be
included.
Today, rural development suggests change in a movement from a previous situation.
Although each society has its own concepts of the term, development entails the social and
economic growth of the most deprived sector of the society, the rural poor. One of the major
factors that are decisively influence sustained rural development projects and programs that are
relevant to the community. These projects can empower people. The institutionalization of the
appropriate know how can help them manage their resources and significantly improve their
productivity. Further, blending traditional and modern technologies effects bright prospects for
improving people’s culture and increasing employment and livelihood opportunities in rural
areas (Baluscang, 1997).
According to Valmore as cited by Wallang (2001) stressed that government agencies
working for rural development have a great responsibility. They stationed right into rural areas
when their target audiences are found to effect meaningful changes, to initiate realistic socio-
economic development to assist rural families in all aspects of their food production business.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Statement of the Problem
Specifically, the study was conducted to assess the Ampucao Honeybee Keepers
Association to look for answers to the following questions:
1. What are the socio-economic profile of the respondents?
2. What are the socio-economic contributions of the industry to its members?
3. What are the factors contributing to the success of the industry?
4. What are the problems encountered and the suggested solutions to the problems?
Objectives of the Study
The study aimed to:
1. Determine the socio-economic profile of the respondents;
2. Determine the socio-economic contribution of the association;
3. Determine the factors contributing to the success of the association; and
4. Determine problems encountered and suggested solutions to the problems of the
assocation.
Importance of the Study
The result of this study will serve as a guide to local government officials, extension
workers, rural development researchers for more effective and efficient extension and rural
development program implementation.
The study of livelihood is relevant for understanding poverty and poverty alleviation. For
many decades, poverty has been central to many developmental agencies’ agenda. It is
therefore, important to study any kinds of livelihood project to find out its social, developmental
and economic benefits to the various beneficiaries. After the result of the study is analyzed, we
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
4
can make a comprehensive conclusion and arrive at a very practical recommendation among
other things.
Scope and Limitation
The scope of the study was focused on the assessment of the socio-economic profile of
the respondents; the socio-economic contributions of the association to its members; the factors
contributing to the success of the association; and the problems encountered by the members of
the Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association and the solutions employed.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Socio-economic Profile
The institute shall have the following general power and functions consistent with the
research, extension and development programs of the Department of Agriculture, Department of
Science and Technology, Department of Trade and Industry, Department of Environment and
Natural Resources, National Economic and Development Authority, and the Don Mariano
Marcos Memorial State University: (a) educate and train beekeepers and apiculturists; (b)
conduct researches; and (c) extend technologies.
As stated by Abella (2000) the complexity of the society contributes to the liability of
people to understand the projects and programs being implemented. The inability of people to
understand the benefits of the projects will result to the lost of interest and motivation to the
people to participate. With this, it is necessary to have committed agencies to work with the
people, to assist them to attain a high standard of community living. The government should
establish productive livelihood projects to be managed by the community people themselves to
increase employment that promotes self-help and our country as well. On the other hand, rural
and agricultural projects will be planned, organized and designated to promote in the
development of rural places in an attempt to promote living condition.
Politics consists of wheeling and dealing for personal negotiable between and consolidate
competing interests in an organization. Today, we criticize politicians and manager for failing to
set aside personal interests and work only for the greater good of the nation or organization. We
claim to throw the “bums out” because they are more loyal to the party than to “the people”.
Such protests, however, give two important principles. First, we are talking about professional
politicians or organizational politics. Most of us believe that our interests coincide with the
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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larger interest of the people or organization. Thus asking us to sacrifice our interests to the
organization does not make sense. Our interest is the organization’s interests. Second, none of
us would voluntarily sacrifice our individual interests in the sake of the organization. These two
realities, it is unlikely that political would disappear from modern organization (Disanza, 2003).
Socio-Economic Contributions
Mangili (2004) discussed development programs which are among the most important
aspects being undertaken by the various government agencies toward growth and progress of
rural areas. Among the development program are food production, marketing and irrigation,
development of changes and others. These would enable to engage themselves in the
development interest where practice could improve their living condition and promote progress.
The essence of team is a common commitment. Without it, group performs as
individuals; with it, they become a powerful unit of collective performance. Although there is no
guarantee how-to recipe for building team performance, we observed a number of approaches by
many successful teams: establish urgency, demanding performance standards and direction,
select members for skill and skill potential, oriented task and goals, challenge the group regularly
with fresh facts and information (Katzenbuck and Smith, 2004).
According to Blanchard (2004) training can provide employees with knowledge and
skills to perform more effectively, preparing them to meet the inevitable changes that occur in
their jobs. However, training is only an opportunity for learning. What is learned depends on
many factors such as the design and implementation of training and learning style of the trainees,
and the learning climate of the organization.
On the other hand, to be successful, learning must continue throughout life, beyond the
completion of one’s formal education. And that applies to specific challenge of becoming and
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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remaining an effective leader, too. People who lead in modern organization need to be engaged
in a never ending learning process. Educational programs generally had a positive effect on
organization development. Thus, formal education and training program can help one become a
better leader or member of an organization (Hogan and Warenfeltz, 2003).
Factors Affecting the Success
Leader is needed for a better change. The leader is the element primarily examines what
be the leader brings as an individual to the leadership equation. This can include unique personal
history, interest, character, traits and motivation. The qualities a leader should possess are
vision, empathy, consistency and integrity. First, we tend to trust leaders who create a
compelling vision, who pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs and a common sense
of organizational purpose and belonging. Second, we tend to trust leaders who demonstrate
empathy with us- who show they understand the weld as we see and experience it. Third, we
trust leaders who are inconsistent – this does not mean that we only trust leaders whose positions
never change, but that changes are understood as a process of evolution. Fourth, we trust leaders
whose integrity is strong, who demonstrate their commitment through their actions (Bennis,
1997).
Fairholm (1991) argued that organizations may need two different kinds of people at the
helm: good leaders and good manager. He wrote “ we need competent, dedicated managers to
provide continuity of process, to ensure program productivity, and to control schedule the
materials needed for production or service delivery. We also need people who can infuse the
organization with common values that define the organization, its character, link it to the larger
society and ensure its long term survival.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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One of the best ways to establish effective working relationships with peers is to
acknowledge shared interests, values, goals and expectations. In order to acknowledge shared
aspiration and interests, however, we must know what peers’ goals, values, and interests actually
are. One needs to be open and honest in communicating one’s own needs, cultures and goals
(Bettencourt and Walter, 2001).
Also, effective communication involves the ability to transmit and receive information
with a high probability that the intended message is passed from sender to receiver. Study show
that good leaders and followers communicate feelings and ideas, actively solicit ideas from
others, and effectively articulate arguments, advocate potions and persuade others (Heifeltz,
2001).
As stated by Tucker (2005) government must also create a political environment
favorable to economic growth. Political leaders must not be corrupt and or incompetent.
Governments must adopt appropriate domestic and international economic policies such as law
and order.
Problems Encountered
From observation, the slow pace of development in the rural areas could be attributed to
the interplay of several factors namely: 1) the procausing development of development projects
undertaken by different agencies causing duplication of functions and confusing among people;
2) lack of people participation and planning, implementation and evaluation, 3) lack of
complementation and coordination among agencies for rural development; 4) the sporadic
approaches to rural development; 5) lack of interest of people in the management and operation
of the community project; and 6) failure to integrate values education and attitude in the conduct
of development programs (Baluscang, 1997).
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Although many problem employees display a marked lack of drive and commitment in
their jobs, these qualities are usually alive and well in other areas of their lives. Certainly, not all
people are going to feel the same passion for their work that they do for their hobbies or other
outside interests. But it is a mistake to write off a problem employee as simply unmotivated.
Most workers have the potential to engage with their work in a way that furthers managerial
goals (Nicholson, 2003).
Also, research has shown that employees with values similar to the organization, a team
are more satisfied and likely to stay; those with dissimilar values are more likely to leave. Thus,
one reason why leaders fail is not due to a lack of competence, but rather due to a misalignment
between personal and organizational values. This is unfortunate, as leaders with dissimilar
values may be exactly what the company needs to drive change and become more effective
(Hogan and Curphy, 2000).
Blake (1996) also suggests a number of reasons by communication breakdowns might
occur. Communication breakdown can occur because the purpose of the messasge was unclear,
the leader’s or follower’s verbal and nonverval behaviours were inconsistent, the message was
no heard by the receiver or because someone misinterpreted another’s message. Most people see
themselves as effective communicators, and senders and receivers of the message often seem
disposed to believe communication breakdowns are the others fault. Communication breakdown
often lead to blaming someone else to problems a finger pointing.
Economic growth is an ability of an economy to produce greater levels of output while
economic development encompasses improvement in the quality of life. A low level of human
capital can also present a barrier to economic growth and development. Human capital is the
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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education, training, experience and health that improve the knowledge and skills of workers to
produce goods and services (Tucker, 2005).
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
Ampucao is one of the thirteen barangay in Itogon, Benguet. According to the 2008
census, it has a population of 12,263 people in 2900 households. The population of Ampucao is
a combination of different cultures. The town engages themselves in different activities such as
beekeeping, gardening or mushroom production wherein they sell their products or use it as their
supply.
The research was conducted in barangay Ampucao where Apiculture industry is located
(Figure 1). This barangay is 23 kilometers away and 40 minutes by transportation from Baguio
City.
The study was conducted in December 2010.
Respondents of the Study
There were 40 respondents and the beneficiaries of the beekeeping project implemented
in the study area.
Data Collection
An interview schedule was used in gathering the necessary information for the study with
the used of questionnaire. The questionnaire was written in English but it was translated to the
dialect of the respondents for clearer understanding of the questions.
Data Gathered
The data collected included the profile of the members, the contribution of the association
to the members, the success factors of the association and the problems encountered by the
association.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Data Analysis
The data gathered from the respondents were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive
statistics such as percentage.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents
Table 1 shows the socio-demographic profile of the respondents which include: their age,
sex, civil status, educational attainment and other source of income.
Age. The table shows that majority of the respondents (35%) belonged to the 31-40 years
of age; 33%, belonged to the 41 to 50 years old; 30%, from 21 to 30 years old; and 25%, from 51
to 60 years old. This finding implies that the members in the association were relatively at their
middle age.
Sex. Seventy two percent (72%) were males and only 28%, females. It shows that there
were more males who are active in the association than females.
Civil
status. Majority of the respondents (73%) were married; 20%, single; and only 2%
were separated. Result indicates that married members were involved in the Ampucao Honeybee
Keepers Association to sustain the needs of their families.
Educational
attainment. The result shows that all the respondents had undergone formal
education. There were 40% who attained high school or 35% elementary, 15% vocational
education; and only 10% college level. This implies that all the respondents were literate and
that there is no requirement of formal party membership. The key factor according to them is the
commitment to involve in the association, their willingness to be involved in designing and
implementing too the vision of the association.
Other source of income. Majority of the respondents (40%) engaged in gardening; 30%
were working in small scale mining; 15% were construction workers; 10% were mushroom
producers and 5% were government employee.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Table 1. Socio-demographic profile of the respondents
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(F)
(%)
Age
31-40
14
35
21-30
12
33
51-60
10
30
41-50
4
25
TOTAL 40
100
Sex
Males
29
72
Females
11
28
TOTAL 40
100
Civil Status
Married
29
73
Single
8
20
Widow/widower
2
5
Separated
1
2
TOTAL 40
100
Highest Educational Attainment
High School
16
40
Elementary
14
35
Vocational
6
15
College
4
10
TOTAL
40
100
Other Source of Income
Gardening
16
40
Small Scale Mining
12
30
Construction Worker
6
15
Mushroom Production
4
10
Government Employee
2
5
TOTAL 40
100
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Socio-economic Contributions of the Industry
to the Lives of the Members
Table 2 shows the contributions of the association to the lives of the member-respondents
classified into social and economic contributions.
With regards to the social contributions, all the respondents (100%) claimed that the
association provided cooperative and educational activity, developed self-reliance and discipline,
knowledge and skills, leadership capability and unity within the community. As corroborated by
Anonymous 2009, in the field of social contribution, based on our “basic policy on social
contribution activities”, we are responsibly engage in linking companies and society, making
contributions that especially meet the needs of the local communities. The contribution activities
such as volunteer efforts have also been enthusiastically undertaken by individual employees.
Whereas the economic contributions, one hundred percent (100%) of the member-
respondents claimed that the association increased knowledge in honey production; 95%
provided self-employment; and only 70% a livelihood program.
As stated by Anonymous (undated), that the demographics of the industry are family
oriented and demonstrate its uniqueness in providing entrepreneurial opportunities for women
that might not be available to them otherwise.
These findings show that the industry contributed to the social and economic
development of its members.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Table 2. Contributions of the industry to the lives of the members
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(F)
(%)
Social Contributions
Provide cooperative and educational activity
40
100
Development of self-reliance and discipline
40
100
Development of knowledge and skills
40
100
Developed leadership capability
40
100
Developed unity within the community
40
100
Provide seminars/trainings
25
63
Economic Contributions
Increased production of honey
40
100
Provide self-employment
38
95
Livelihood program
28
70
*Multiple response
Factors that Contributed to the Success
of the Industry
Table 3 shows the factors that contributed to the success of the association. Fifty percent
(50%) of the respondents claimed that presence of good leadership is the most important factor
that contributed to the success of the association. This is followed by active cooperation by
45%; policies are implemented by 40%; proper methods of beekeeping by 38%; seminars and
trainings conducted by 35%; active communication by 30% adequate knowledge and skills by
25%; and specific goals and values by 23%. The
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Table 3. Factors that attributed to the success of the association by the respondents
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(F)
(%)
Good leadership
23
58
Active Cooperation
18
45
Policies are implemented
16
40
Proper methods of beekeeping
15
38
Seminars and trainings conducted
14
35
Active communication
12
30
Adequate knowledge and skills
10
25
Specific goals and values
9
23
*Multiple response
result shows that the success of the association was based on how the leaders manage the
association as mentioned by Russel (2010) that Theodore Herbury, a former president of Notre
Dame, said: The very essence of leadership is that you have to have a vision”. This is the
difference between a leader and a manager. A manager makes decisions and can solve problems
but a manager deal with situations as they arise. A successful leader has a communicated idea of
what he wants to accomplish. A strong vision of the direction a leader wants to take his
followers gives them an understanding of the purpose they are working toward and can even give
them inspiration to find more efficient ways of moving toward that direction.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Problems Encountered by the Association
Table 4 shows the problems encountered by the association. Forty percent (40%) of the
respondents mentioned non-specific goals and values; 28% for financial problem; 23% for
insufficient education and training; 18% for lack of government and non-government support
services; 15% for no clear out policies and regulations, 13% for lack of dedicated members; and
9% for lack of cooperation.
This implies that the association need more enhancements in managing the industry.
Possible Solutions
Table 5 shows the possible solutions suggested by the member-respondents. For the non-
specific goals and values, 40% of the respondents stated that there should be a specific goal for
the association to achieve and everybody should be flexible
Table 4. Problems encountered by the association
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(F)
(%)
Non-specific goals and values
16
40
Financial problem
11
28
Insufficient education and training
9
23
Lack of government and non-government
support services
7
18
No clear out policies and regulation
6
15
Lack of dedicated members
5
12
Lack of cooperation
2
5
*Multiple response
Table 5. Possible solutions to the problems suggested by the respondents
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
19
PARTICULARS POSSIBLE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
SOLUTIONS
(F)
(%)
Non-specific goals
Make a specific goal
and values
for the association to
follow
16
40
Each member must be
understandable enough
toward the attitude of
others
16
40
Financial problem
Increase the production
of honeys for greater or
additional income
11
28
Insufficient trainings
Updated issues on
and seminars
proper beekeeping
9
23
Lack of government
One of the priority of
organization and non- the government to
government support
supply the materials
services
needed
7
18
Non-implementation
Leaders must be strict
of policies and
enough to implement
regulations
such policies
6
15
Lack of dedicated
Sacrificing to do their
members
job well as part of
group
5
12
Lack of cooperation
Unity among the
association
2
5
*Multiple response
enough to understand others. For the financial problem, 28% of the member-respondent stated
having bigger shares enough to sell it and use as food for lesser expenses. For the insufficient
training and seminars, 23% suggested brainstorming at least once every month on proper
beekeeping to produce larger colonies. For the lack of government and non-government support
services, 18% suggested that there should be a specific group to support the materials needed.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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For the non-implementation of policies and regulations, 15% of the respondents suggested to
make a specific rule to be posted in the working area. For the lack of dedicated members, 12%
suggested that everybody should be on time especially working days and for the lack of
cooperation, 5% suggested helping one another.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
21
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study was conducted from December 2010 to January 2011 at Ampucao, Itogon,
Benguet to determine the socio-demographic profile of the respondents, the socio-economic
contributions of the association to the lives of the members, the factors contributing to the
success of the association, and provide possible solution to solve the problems. There were 40
respondents taken from the members of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association.
The result of the study showed that the ages of the respondents were from 21 years old to
60 years old. Majority of the respondents were less than 40 years old which showed that
majority of the members are still young. There were inversely proportions of female and male
respondents. All the respondents had formal education and majority of them were farmers as
their other source of income.
The social and economic contributions of the association to the lives of the members
were there cooperative and educational activity; development among the members self-reliance
and discipline, knowledge and skills, leadership capability and unity within the community. On
the economic contributions, all the respondents claimed that it increased knowledge and able to
increase production of honey.
The factors which contributed to the success of the association were: good leadership,
active cooperation, policies were implemented, seminars and trainings conducted, active
communication, adequate knowledge and skills and specific goals and values.
The problems encountered by the members were as follows: non-specific goals and
values and the suggested solution is to make a specific goal for the industry to follow and each
members should be understandable enough toward the attitude of others, financial problem and
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
22
the suggested is to increase the production of honeys for greater or additional income, for
insufficient trainings and seminars is suggested to update issues on proper beekeeping, for lack
of government and non-government organization is suggested that they must prioritize to supply
the materials of the association, for non-implementation of policies and regulations is suggested
that leaders must be strict enough to implement such policies, lack of dedicated members is
suggested to sacrifice to do their job well as part of the group and for the lack of cooperation is
suggested to have unity among members of the association.
Conclusions
Based on the findings, the following conclusions were made:
1. Majority of the members were below forty years old; married; and attended formal
education; and had other source of income.
2. The Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association was able to contribute to the social and
economic improvement in the lives of the members like the skills to perform more effectively
and able to prepare them to meet the inevitable changes that occur in their jobs.
3. The primary factor that contributed to the success of the association is good leadership
4. The basic problem encountered by the association as perceived by the members was
the non-specific goals and values.
Recommendations
1. Goals, policies/regulations of the association should be specific and strictly
implemented.
2. The association should conduct continuous education for the group.
3. The association should give incentives to members who attend cooperative activities
and meetings to enhance participation and cooperation.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
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LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS. Undated. WFDSA: Key Socio-Economic Facts. Retrieved March 5, 2011
from http://www.wfdsa.org/library/index.cfm?fa=socio-economic facts.
ANONYMOUS. 2009. Marufeni Group. Retrieved March 7, 2011 from
http://ww.marubeni.com/csr/004332.html.
ABELLA, R. O. 2000. Rural Development Programs. A Handbook in Public Administration,
Quezon City. New Day. P. 608.
ABIASEN, G. T. 2003. Assessment of the different livelihood projects implemented by the
Department of Agriculture in Palina, Kibungan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 8.
ADEBAN, G. B. 1996. Livelihood Projects in La Trinidad, Benguet. MS Thesis. Baguio
Central University, Baguio City. Pp. 38, 45.
BALUSCANG, Z. A. JR. 1997. Outreach Programs of State Universities and Colleges in
Region 1. An Assessment. P. 26.
BENNIS, W. and J. GOLDSMITH. 1997. Learning to Lead. Reading. MA: Perseves Books.
P. 233.
BETTENCOURT, L. A. AND G. A. WALTER. 2001. A comparison personality and
knowledge predictors of service-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of
Applied Psychology. P. 201.
BLAKE, R. J. 1996. Relationship Between Worker Satisfactories and Personality. Toronto,
Canada. P. 439.
BLANCHARD, N. P. 2004. Effective Training : Systems, Strategies and Practices. Eastern
Michigan University. Second Edition. P. 4.
DISANZA, J. 2003. Business and Professional Communication. Idabo State University.
Boston, New York, San Francisco. P. 86.
FAIRHOLM, G. W. 1991. Values Leadership-Poraeger: New York. Pp. 103-105.
HEIFELTZ, R. A. and D. L. CAURIE. 2001. The Work of Leadership. Harvard Business
Review. P. 68.
HOGAN, R. T. and CURPHY. 2000. Educating the Modern Manager. Academy of
Management, Learning and Education. Washington, D. C. P.72.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
24
HOGAN, R. T. and R. WARENFELTZ. 2003. Educating the Modern Manager. Academy of
Management, Learning and Education. Washington, D. C. Pp. 74-84.
KATZENBUCK, J. R. and D. K. SMITH. 2004. The Discipline of Teams. Harvard Business
School Press. Boston. Pp. 23-24.
KUMAR, R. and J. H. VAMOR. 1997. Self-employment Opportunity. Department of
Entomology and Apiculture. Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry.
Solan, India. Pp. 245-246.
MANGILI, B. B. 2004. Livelihood projects implemented by the Depatment of Agriculture in
Igoon, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, la Trinidad, Benguet. P. 8.
NICHOLSON, N. P. 2003. How to Motivate Your Problem People. Harvard School Publishing
Corporation. United States of America. P. 5.
PARTAP, U. and T. PARTAP. 1997. Managed crop pollination: The missing dimension of
mountain apicultural productivity. Kathmandu: ICIMOD. P. 3.
RUSSEL, S. 2010. E How Contributor. Leadership Success Factors. Retrieved March 7, 2010
from http://www.e how.com/list-6532843-leadership.
TUCKER, I. B. 2005. Economics for Today. University of Worth Carlifornia, Charlotte. 4th
Edition. Pp. 748-749.
WALLANG, C. A. M. 2001. An assessment of the plan international livelihood program in
Barangay Alapang, La Trinidad, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, La
Trinidad, Benguet. P. 10.
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25
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
Survey Questionnaire
I. Socio-Economic
Profile
Name (Optional): ___________________
Age: _____________
Civil Status: _____ Single
_____ Married
_____
Separated
_____
Widow/er
Sex: _____ Female
_____ Male
Educational
Attainment:
_____
Elementary
_____
College
_____
High
School
_____
Vocational
Other Source of Income:
_____
Gardening
_____
Construction
Worker
_____
Mushroom
Production
_____ Small Scale Mining
_____ Others (please specify) ___________________________________
Training or Seminar attended if any (please specify): ______________________
II. Socio-Economic
Contributions of the Beekeeping Association to the lives of the
members. (Please check the contributions and the impact of the Apiculture Industry to
the lives of the members).
A. Social Aspect
_____ Provide seminar/training
_____ Provide a cooperative and educational
activity
_____ Development of self-reliance
and
discipline
_____ Development of knowledge and skills
_____ Develop leadership
capability
_____ Develop unity within the community
_____ Others (please specify)_________________________________________
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26
B. Economic Contribution
_____ As a livelihood
_____ Improve income/additional
_____ Provide self-employment
_____ Increase crop production
_____ Others (please specify)________________________________________
III. Factors Contributing to the Success of Beekeeping Association (Please rank them from the
most important factor to the least).
_____a. Good leadership of the leader
_____b. Seminars and training conducted
_____c. Policies are implemented
_____d. Active cooperation
_____e. Adequate knowledge and skills of the members
_____f. Proper methods of keeping bees
_____g. Same goals and values
_____ h. Active communication
_____i. Others (please specify) _________________________________
IV. Problems encountered by members and provide possible solution to the problems
Problems
Possible
Solutions
____ No clear out policies and regulation
________________________
____ Non-implementation of policies
________________________
____ Insufficient education and training
of members and leaders
________________________
____ Lack of dedicated members
________________________
____ Lack of government and non-government
support services
________________________
____ Others (please specify)
________________________
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
RAMIREZ, ALVIN P. APRIL 2011. An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers
Association at Ampucao Proper, Itogon, Benguet. Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet.
Adviser: Cunegunda D. Abellera, MSc.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to determine the socio-economic profile of the respondents, the
socio-economic contributions of the association, the factors contributing to the success of the
association, and the problems encountered and suggested solutions to the problems met in the
association.
The data were gathered from 40 respondents and the beneficiaries of the beekeeping
project implemented in Ampucao Proper, Itogon, Benguet using a structured survey
questionnaire and personal interview.
The findings showed that majority of the respondents were below 40 years old; were
males; had formal education; and were farmers.
The contributions of the association to the lives of the members were: provided
cooperative and educational activity; developed self-reliance and discipline; knowledge and
skills; increased knowledge in crop production; and provided self-employment.
Majority of the beneficiaries claimed the factors which contributed to the success of the
association were: good leadership, active cooperation, policies were implemented and proper
methods of beekeeping.
Problems encountered were as follows: non-specific goals and values and the suggested
solution is to make a specific goal for the industry to follow and each members should be
understandable enough towards the attitude of others.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Socio-demographic Profile
of the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Socio-economic Contri-
butions of the Industry
to the Lives of the
Members .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Factors that Contributed
to the Success of the In-
dustry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Problems Encountered
by the Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Possible Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . .
22
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
APPENDIX
A. Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Many development interventions frequently neglect the importance of agriculture as a
source of livelihood. While it is a known fact that agriculture is not the only source of food and
income, and in many cases not even the main source. It does however, remain important to
household, food, security and many rural livelihood in the world.
Beekeeping is an important component of agriculture and rural development programmes
in many Asian countries. The role of beekeeping is providing nutritional, economic and
ecological security to rural communities of Asia can not be overlooked as it has always been
linked with their cultural and natural heritage. At the household level, beekeeping is an income-
generating activity. This, being a non land-based activity, does not compete activities of
honeybees are important, as they contribute to the increase productivity (Partap and Partap,
1997).
Beekeeping as a livelihood can fit into busy routines of all categories: rural/urban,
education/illiterate, white-collar worker/farmer, rich/poor. It opens an important avenue of
income generation because beekeeping provides self-employment opportunity close to home, it
entails little work, it gives both an economic and moral boost especially for women, helps to
diversity the food base and a nutritious high-value food (Kumar, 1997).
As found by Adeban (1996), development of livelihood in barangay will surely continue
to the economic upliftment of the nation. It would not only stress production and projects
making by utilizing available materials but would also help partly solve the national problem of
unemployment and under employment.
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According to Faypon as cited by Abiasen (2003), rural development is like asking for
things we do not have or asking for things should have. It depends on what is personally desired
and on what is perceived by the people. The ideas about development especially when applied to
poor countries begin one end with philosophical attraction such as this expounding indicator like
“poverty threasholds”. She elaborates that rural development is a process to enhance economic,
social, political life of poor people in defined rural areas. The undertaking of projects and
activities to promote socio-economic advancement or comprehensive planning should be
included.
Today, rural development suggests change in a movement from a previous situation.
Although each society has its own concepts of the term, development entails the social and
economic growth of the most deprived sector of the society, the rural poor. One of the major
factors that are decisively influence sustained rural development projects and programs that are
relevant to the community. These projects can empower people. The institutionalization of the
appropriate know how can help them manage their resources and significantly improve their
productivity. Further, blending traditional and modern technologies effects bright prospects for
improving people’s culture and increasing employment and livelihood opportunities in rural
areas (Baluscang, 1997).
According to Valmore as cited by Wallang (2001) stressed that government agencies
working for rural development have a great responsibility. They stationed right into rural areas
when their target audiences are found to effect meaningful changes, to initiate realistic socio-
economic development to assist rural families in all aspects of their food production business.
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Statement of the Problem
Specifically, the study was conducted to assess the Ampucao Honeybee Keepers
Association to look for answers to the following questions:
1. What are the socio-economic profile of the respondents?
2. What are the socio-economic contributions of the industry to its members?
3. What are the factors contributing to the success of the industry?
4. What are the problems encountered and the suggested solutions to the problems?
Objectives of the Study
The study aimed to:
1. Determine the socio-economic profile of the respondents;
2. Determine the socio-economic contribution of the association;
3. Determine the factors contributing to the success of the association; and
4. Determine problems encountered and suggested solutions to the problems of the
assocation.
Importance of the Study
The result of this study will serve as a guide to local government officials, extension
workers, rural development researchers for more effective and efficient extension and rural
development program implementation.
The study of livelihood is relevant for understanding poverty and poverty alleviation. For
many decades, poverty has been central to many developmental agencies’ agenda. It is
therefore, important to study any kinds of livelihood project to find out its social, developmental
and economic benefits to the various beneficiaries. After the result of the study is analyzed, we
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4
can make a comprehensive conclusion and arrive at a very practical recommendation among
other things.
Scope and Limitation
The scope of the study was focused on the assessment of the socio-economic profile of
the respondents; the socio-economic contributions of the association to its members; the factors
contributing to the success of the association; and the problems encountered by the members of
the Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association and the solutions employed.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Socio-economic Profile
The institute shall have the following general power and functions consistent with the
research, extension and development programs of the Department of Agriculture, Department of
Science and Technology, Department of Trade and Industry, Department of Environment and
Natural Resources, National Economic and Development Authority, and the Don Mariano
Marcos Memorial State University: (a) educate and train beekeepers and apiculturists; (b)
conduct researches; and (c) extend technologies.
As stated by Abella (2000) the complexity of the society contributes to the liability of
people to understand the projects and programs being implemented. The inability of people to
understand the benefits of the projects will result to the lost of interest and motivation to the
people to participate. With this, it is necessary to have committed agencies to work with the
people, to assist them to attain a high standard of community living. The government should
establish productive livelihood projects to be managed by the community people themselves to
increase employment that promotes self-help and our country as well. On the other hand, rural
and agricultural projects will be planned, organized and designated to promote in the
development of rural places in an attempt to promote living condition.
Politics consists of wheeling and dealing for personal negotiable between and consolidate
competing interests in an organization. Today, we criticize politicians and manager for failing to
set aside personal interests and work only for the greater good of the nation or organization. We
claim to throw the “bums out” because they are more loyal to the party than to “the people”.
Such protests, however, give two important principles. First, we are talking about professional
politicians or organizational politics. Most of us believe that our interests coincide with the
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larger interest of the people or organization. Thus asking us to sacrifice our interests to the
organization does not make sense. Our interest is the organization’s interests. Second, none of
us would voluntarily sacrifice our individual interests in the sake of the organization. These two
realities, it is unlikely that political would disappear from modern organization (Disanza, 2003).
Socio-Economic Contributions
Mangili (2004) discussed development programs which are among the most important
aspects being undertaken by the various government agencies toward growth and progress of
rural areas. Among the development program are food production, marketing and irrigation,
development of changes and others. These would enable to engage themselves in the
development interest where practice could improve their living condition and promote progress.
The essence of team is a common commitment. Without it, group performs as
individuals; with it, they become a powerful unit of collective performance. Although there is no
guarantee how-to recipe for building team performance, we observed a number of approaches by
many successful teams: establish urgency, demanding performance standards and direction,
select members for skill and skill potential, oriented task and goals, challenge the group regularly
with fresh facts and information (Katzenbuck and Smith, 2004).
According to Blanchard (2004) training can provide employees with knowledge and
skills to perform more effectively, preparing them to meet the inevitable changes that occur in
their jobs. However, training is only an opportunity for learning. What is learned depends on
many factors such as the design and implementation of training and learning style of the trainees,
and the learning climate of the organization.
On the other hand, to be successful, learning must continue throughout life, beyond the
completion of one’s formal education. And that applies to specific challenge of becoming and
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remaining an effective leader, too. People who lead in modern organization need to be engaged
in a never ending learning process. Educational programs generally had a positive effect on
organization development. Thus, formal education and training program can help one become a
better leader or member of an organization (Hogan and Warenfeltz, 2003).
Factors Affecting the Success
Leader is needed for a better change. The leader is the element primarily examines what
be the leader brings as an individual to the leadership equation. This can include unique personal
history, interest, character, traits and motivation. The qualities a leader should possess are
vision, empathy, consistency and integrity. First, we tend to trust leaders who create a
compelling vision, who pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs and a common sense
of organizational purpose and belonging. Second, we tend to trust leaders who demonstrate
empathy with us- who show they understand the weld as we see and experience it. Third, we
trust leaders who are inconsistent – this does not mean that we only trust leaders whose positions
never change, but that changes are understood as a process of evolution. Fourth, we trust leaders
whose integrity is strong, who demonstrate their commitment through their actions (Bennis,
1997).
Fairholm (1991) argued that organizations may need two different kinds of people at the
helm: good leaders and good manager. He wrote “ we need competent, dedicated managers to
provide continuity of process, to ensure program productivity, and to control schedule the
materials needed for production or service delivery. We also need people who can infuse the
organization with common values that define the organization, its character, link it to the larger
society and ensure its long term survival.
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One of the best ways to establish effective working relationships with peers is to
acknowledge shared interests, values, goals and expectations. In order to acknowledge shared
aspiration and interests, however, we must know what peers’ goals, values, and interests actually
are. One needs to be open and honest in communicating one’s own needs, cultures and goals
(Bettencourt and Walter, 2001).
Also, effective communication involves the ability to transmit and receive information
with a high probability that the intended message is passed from sender to receiver. Study show
that good leaders and followers communicate feelings and ideas, actively solicit ideas from
others, and effectively articulate arguments, advocate potions and persuade others (Heifeltz,
2001).
As stated by Tucker (2005) government must also create a political environment
favorable to economic growth. Political leaders must not be corrupt and or incompetent.
Governments must adopt appropriate domestic and international economic policies such as law
and order.
Problems Encountered
From observation, the slow pace of development in the rural areas could be attributed to
the interplay of several factors namely: 1) the procausing development of development projects
undertaken by different agencies causing duplication of functions and confusing among people;
2) lack of people participation and planning, implementation and evaluation, 3) lack of
complementation and coordination among agencies for rural development; 4) the sporadic
approaches to rural development; 5) lack of interest of people in the management and operation
of the community project; and 6) failure to integrate values education and attitude in the conduct
of development programs (Baluscang, 1997).
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Although many problem employees display a marked lack of drive and commitment in
their jobs, these qualities are usually alive and well in other areas of their lives. Certainly, not all
people are going to feel the same passion for their work that they do for their hobbies or other
outside interests. But it is a mistake to write off a problem employee as simply unmotivated.
Most workers have the potential to engage with their work in a way that furthers managerial
goals (Nicholson, 2003).
Also, research has shown that employees with values similar to the organization, a team
are more satisfied and likely to stay; those with dissimilar values are more likely to leave. Thus,
one reason why leaders fail is not due to a lack of competence, but rather due to a misalignment
between personal and organizational values. This is unfortunate, as leaders with dissimilar
values may be exactly what the company needs to drive change and become more effective
(Hogan and Curphy, 2000).
Blake (1996) also suggests a number of reasons by communication breakdowns might
occur. Communication breakdown can occur because the purpose of the messasge was unclear,
the leader’s or follower’s verbal and nonverval behaviours were inconsistent, the message was
no heard by the receiver or because someone misinterpreted another’s message. Most people see
themselves as effective communicators, and senders and receivers of the message often seem
disposed to believe communication breakdowns are the others fault. Communication breakdown
often lead to blaming someone else to problems a finger pointing.
Economic growth is an ability of an economy to produce greater levels of output while
economic development encompasses improvement in the quality of life. A low level of human
capital can also present a barrier to economic growth and development. Human capital is the
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education, training, experience and health that improve the knowledge and skills of workers to
produce goods and services (Tucker, 2005).
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METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
Ampucao is one of the thirteen barangay in Itogon, Benguet. According to the 2008
census, it has a population of 12,263 people in 2900 households. The population of Ampucao is
a combination of different cultures. The town engages themselves in different activities such as
beekeeping, gardening or mushroom production wherein they sell their products or use it as their
supply.
The research was conducted in barangay Ampucao where Apiculture industry is located
(Figure 1). This barangay is 23 kilometers away and 40 minutes by transportation from Baguio
City.
The study was conducted in December 2010.
Respondents of the Study
There were 40 respondents and the beneficiaries of the beekeeping project implemented
in the study area.
Data Collection
An interview schedule was used in gathering the necessary information for the study with
the used of questionnaire. The questionnaire was written in English but it was translated to the
dialect of the respondents for clearer understanding of the questions.
Data Gathered
The data collected included the profile of the members, the contribution of the association
to the members, the success factors of the association and the problems encountered by the
association.
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Data Analysis
The data gathered from the respondents were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive
statistics such as percentage.
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents
Table 1 shows the socio-demographic profile of the respondents which include: their age,
sex, civil status, educational attainment and other source of income.
Age. The table shows that majority of the respondents (35%) belonged to the 31-40 years
of age; 33%, belonged to the 41 to 50 years old; 30%, from 21 to 30 years old; and 25%, from 51
to 60 years old. This finding implies that the members in the association were relatively at their
middle age.
Sex. Seventy two percent (72%) were males and only 28%, females. It shows that there
were more males who are active in the association than females.
Civil
status. Majority of the respondents (73%) were married; 20%, single; and only 2%
were separated. Result indicates that married members were involved in the Ampucao Honeybee
Keepers Association to sustain the needs of their families.
Educational
attainment. The result shows that all the respondents had undergone formal
education. There were 40% who attained high school or 35% elementary, 15% vocational
education; and only 10% college level. This implies that all the respondents were literate and
that there is no requirement of formal party membership. The key factor according to them is the
commitment to involve in the association, their willingness to be involved in designing and
implementing too the vision of the association.
Other source of income. Majority of the respondents (40%) engaged in gardening; 30%
were working in small scale mining; 15% were construction workers; 10% were mushroom
producers and 5% were government employee.
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Table 1. Socio-demographic profile of the respondents
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(F)
(%)
Age
31-40
14
35
21-30
12
33
51-60
10
30
41-50
4
25
TOTAL 40
100
Sex
Males
29
72
Females
11
28
TOTAL 40
100
Civil Status
Married
29
73
Single
8
20
Widow/widower
2
5
Separated
1
2
TOTAL 40
100
Highest Educational Attainment
High School
16
40
Elementary
14
35
Vocational
6
15
College
4
10
TOTAL
40
100
Other Source of Income
Gardening
16
40
Small Scale Mining
12
30
Construction Worker
6
15
Mushroom Production
4
10
Government Employee
2
5
TOTAL 40
100
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Socio-economic Contributions of the Industry
to the Lives of the Members
Table 2 shows the contributions of the association to the lives of the member-respondents
classified into social and economic contributions.
With regards to the social contributions, all the respondents (100%) claimed that the
association provided cooperative and educational activity, developed self-reliance and discipline,
knowledge and skills, leadership capability and unity within the community. As corroborated by
Anonymous 2009, in the field of social contribution, based on our “basic policy on social
contribution activities”, we are responsibly engage in linking companies and society, making
contributions that especially meet the needs of the local communities. The contribution activities
such as volunteer efforts have also been enthusiastically undertaken by individual employees.
Whereas the economic contributions, one hundred percent (100%) of the member-
respondents claimed that the association increased knowledge in honey production; 95%
provided self-employment; and only 70% a livelihood program.
As stated by Anonymous (undated), that the demographics of the industry are family
oriented and demonstrate its uniqueness in providing entrepreneurial opportunities for women
that might not be available to them otherwise.
These findings show that the industry contributed to the social and economic
development of its members.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Table 2. Contributions of the industry to the lives of the members
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(F)
(%)
Social Contributions
Provide cooperative and educational activity
40
100
Development of self-reliance and discipline
40
100
Development of knowledge and skills
40
100
Developed leadership capability
40
100
Developed unity within the community
40
100
Provide seminars/trainings
25
63
Economic Contributions
Increased production of honey
40
100
Provide self-employment
38
95
Livelihood program
28
70
*Multiple response
Factors that Contributed to the Success
of the Industry
Table 3 shows the factors that contributed to the success of the association. Fifty percent
(50%) of the respondents claimed that presence of good leadership is the most important factor
that contributed to the success of the association. This is followed by active cooperation by
45%; policies are implemented by 40%; proper methods of beekeeping by 38%; seminars and
trainings conducted by 35%; active communication by 30% adequate knowledge and skills by
25%; and specific goals and values by 23%. The
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
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Table 3. Factors that attributed to the success of the association by the respondents
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(F)
(%)
Good leadership
23
58
Active Cooperation
18
45
Policies are implemented
16
40
Proper methods of beekeeping
15
38
Seminars and trainings conducted
14
35
Active communication
12
30
Adequate knowledge and skills
10
25
Specific goals and values
9
23
*Multiple response
result shows that the success of the association was based on how the leaders manage the
association as mentioned by Russel (2010) that Theodore Herbury, a former president of Notre
Dame, said: The very essence of leadership is that you have to have a vision”. This is the
difference between a leader and a manager. A manager makes decisions and can solve problems
but a manager deal with situations as they arise. A successful leader has a communicated idea of
what he wants to accomplish. A strong vision of the direction a leader wants to take his
followers gives them an understanding of the purpose they are working toward and can even give
them inspiration to find more efficient ways of moving toward that direction.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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Problems Encountered by the Association
Table 4 shows the problems encountered by the association. Forty percent (40%) of the
respondents mentioned non-specific goals and values; 28% for financial problem; 23% for
insufficient education and training; 18% for lack of government and non-government support
services; 15% for no clear out policies and regulations, 13% for lack of dedicated members; and
9% for lack of cooperation.
This implies that the association need more enhancements in managing the industry.
Possible Solutions
Table 5 shows the possible solutions suggested by the member-respondents. For the non-
specific goals and values, 40% of the respondents stated that there should be a specific goal for
the association to achieve and everybody should be flexible
Table 4. Problems encountered by the association
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(F)
(%)
Non-specific goals and values
16
40
Financial problem
11
28
Insufficient education and training
9
23
Lack of government and non-government
support services
7
18
No clear out policies and regulation
6
15
Lack of dedicated members
5
12
Lack of cooperation
2
5
*Multiple response
Table 5. Possible solutions to the problems suggested by the respondents
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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PARTICULARS POSSIBLE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
SOLUTIONS
(F)
(%)
Non-specific goals
Make a specific goal
and values
for the association to
follow
16
40
Each member must be
understandable enough
toward the attitude of
others
16
40
Financial problem
Increase the production
of honeys for greater or
additional income
11
28
Insufficient trainings
Updated issues on
and seminars
proper beekeeping
9
23
Lack of government
One of the priority of
organization and non- the government to
government support
supply the materials
services
needed
7
18
Non-implementation
Leaders must be strict
of policies and
enough to implement
regulations
such policies
6
15
Lack of dedicated
Sacrificing to do their
members
job well as part of
group
5
12
Lack of cooperation
Unity among the
association
2
5
*Multiple response
enough to understand others. For the financial problem, 28% of the member-respondent stated
having bigger shares enough to sell it and use as food for lesser expenses. For the insufficient
training and seminars, 23% suggested brainstorming at least once every month on proper
beekeeping to produce larger colonies. For the lack of government and non-government support
services, 18% suggested that there should be a specific group to support the materials needed.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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For the non-implementation of policies and regulations, 15% of the respondents suggested to
make a specific rule to be posted in the working area. For the lack of dedicated members, 12%
suggested that everybody should be on time especially working days and for the lack of
cooperation, 5% suggested helping one another.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study was conducted from December 2010 to January 2011 at Ampucao, Itogon,
Benguet to determine the socio-demographic profile of the respondents, the socio-economic
contributions of the association to the lives of the members, the factors contributing to the
success of the association, and provide possible solution to solve the problems. There were 40
respondents taken from the members of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association.
The result of the study showed that the ages of the respondents were from 21 years old to
60 years old. Majority of the respondents were less than 40 years old which showed that
majority of the members are still young. There were inversely proportions of female and male
respondents. All the respondents had formal education and majority of them were farmers as
their other source of income.
The social and economic contributions of the association to the lives of the members
were there cooperative and educational activity; development among the members self-reliance
and discipline, knowledge and skills, leadership capability and unity within the community. On
the economic contributions, all the respondents claimed that it increased knowledge and able to
increase production of honey.
The factors which contributed to the success of the association were: good leadership,
active cooperation, policies were implemented, seminars and trainings conducted, active
communication, adequate knowledge and skills and specific goals and values.
The problems encountered by the members were as follows: non-specific goals and
values and the suggested solution is to make a specific goal for the industry to follow and each
members should be understandable enough toward the attitude of others, financial problem and
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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the suggested is to increase the production of honeys for greater or additional income, for
insufficient trainings and seminars is suggested to update issues on proper beekeeping, for lack
of government and non-government organization is suggested that they must prioritize to supply
the materials of the association, for non-implementation of policies and regulations is suggested
that leaders must be strict enough to implement such policies, lack of dedicated members is
suggested to sacrifice to do their job well as part of the group and for the lack of cooperation is
suggested to have unity among members of the association.
Conclusions
Based on the findings, the following conclusions were made:
1. Majority of the members were below forty years old; married; and attended formal
education; and had other source of income.
2. The Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association was able to contribute to the social and
economic improvement in the lives of the members like the skills to perform more effectively
and able to prepare them to meet the inevitable changes that occur in their jobs.
3. The primary factor that contributed to the success of the association is good leadership
4. The basic problem encountered by the association as perceived by the members was
the non-specific goals and values.
Recommendations
1. Goals, policies/regulations of the association should be specific and strictly
implemented.
2. The association should conduct continuous education for the group.
3. The association should give incentives to members who attend cooperative activities
and meetings to enhance participation and cooperation.
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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LITERATURE CITED
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from http://www.wfdsa.org/library/index.cfm?fa=socio-economic facts.
ANONYMOUS. 2009. Marufeni Group. Retrieved March 7, 2011 from
http://ww.marubeni.com/csr/004332.html.
ABELLA, R. O. 2000. Rural Development Programs. A Handbook in Public Administration,
Quezon City. New Day. P. 608.
ABIASEN, G. T. 2003. Assessment of the different livelihood projects implemented by the
Department of Agriculture in Palina, Kibungan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 8.
ADEBAN, G. B. 1996. Livelihood Projects in La Trinidad, Benguet. MS Thesis. Baguio
Central University, Baguio City. Pp. 38, 45.
BALUSCANG, Z. A. JR. 1997. Outreach Programs of State Universities and Colleges in
Region 1. An Assessment. P. 26.
BENNIS, W. and J. GOLDSMITH. 1997. Learning to Lead. Reading. MA: Perseves Books.
P. 233.
BETTENCOURT, L. A. AND G. A. WALTER. 2001. A comparison personality and
knowledge predictors of service-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of
Applied Psychology. P. 201.
BLAKE, R. J. 1996. Relationship Between Worker Satisfactories and Personality. Toronto,
Canada. P. 439.
BLANCHARD, N. P. 2004. Effective Training : Systems, Strategies and Practices. Eastern
Michigan University. Second Edition. P. 4.
DISANZA, J. 2003. Business and Professional Communication. Idabo State University.
Boston, New York, San Francisco. P. 86.
FAIRHOLM, G. W. 1991. Values Leadership-Poraeger: New York. Pp. 103-105.
HEIFELTZ, R. A. and D. L. CAURIE. 2001. The Work of Leadership. Harvard Business
Review. P. 68.
HOGAN, R. T. and CURPHY. 2000. Educating the Modern Manager. Academy of
Management, Learning and Education. Washington, D. C. P.72.
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Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
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HOGAN, R. T. and R. WARENFELTZ. 2003. Educating the Modern Manager. Academy of
Management, Learning and Education. Washington, D. C. Pp. 74-84.
KATZENBUCK, J. R. and D. K. SMITH. 2004. The Discipline of Teams. Harvard Business
School Press. Boston. Pp. 23-24.
KUMAR, R. and J. H. VAMOR. 1997. Self-employment Opportunity. Department of
Entomology and Apiculture. Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry.
Solan, India. Pp. 245-246.
MANGILI, B. B. 2004. Livelihood projects implemented by the Depatment of Agriculture in
Igoon, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, la Trinidad, Benguet. P. 8.
NICHOLSON, N. P. 2003. How to Motivate Your Problem People. Harvard School Publishing
Corporation. United States of America. P. 5.
PARTAP, U. and T. PARTAP. 1997. Managed crop pollination: The missing dimension of
mountain apicultural productivity. Kathmandu: ICIMOD. P. 3.
RUSSEL, S. 2010. E How Contributor. Leadership Success Factors. Retrieved March 7, 2010
from http://www.e how.com/list-6532843-leadership.
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Edition. Pp. 748-749.
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
Survey Questionnaire
I. Socio-Economic
Profile
Name (Optional): ___________________
Age: _____________
Civil Status: _____ Single
_____ Married
_____
Separated
_____
Widow/er
Sex: _____ Female
_____ Male
Educational
Attainment:
_____
Elementary
_____
College
_____
High
School
_____
Vocational
Other Source of Income:
_____
Gardening
_____
Construction
Worker
_____
Mushroom
Production
_____ Small Scale Mining
_____ Others (please specify) ___________________________________
Training or Seminar attended if any (please specify): ______________________
II. Socio-Economic
Contributions of the Beekeeping Association to the lives of the
members. (Please check the contributions and the impact of the Apiculture Industry to
the lives of the members).
A. Social Aspect
_____ Provide seminar/training
_____ Provide a cooperative and educational
activity
_____ Development of self-reliance
and
discipline
_____ Development of knowledge and skills
_____ Develop leadership
capability
_____ Develop unity within the community
_____ Others (please specify)_________________________________________
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
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B. Economic Contribution
_____ As a livelihood
_____ Improve income/additional
_____ Provide self-employment
_____ Increase crop production
_____ Others (please specify)________________________________________
III. Factors Contributing to the Success of Beekeeping Association (Please rank them from the
most important factor to the least).
_____a. Good leadership of the leader
_____b. Seminars and training conducted
_____c. Policies are implemented
_____d. Active cooperation
_____e. Adequate knowledge and skills of the members
_____f. Proper methods of keeping bees
_____g. Same goals and values
_____ h. Active communication
_____i. Others (please specify) _________________________________
IV. Problems encountered by members and provide possible solution to the problems
Problems
Possible
Solutions
____ No clear out policies and regulation
________________________
____ Non-implementation of policies
________________________
____ Insufficient education and training
of members and leaders
________________________
____ Lack of dedicated members
________________________
____ Lack of government and non-government
support services
________________________
____ Others (please specify)
________________________
An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee Keepers Association at Ampucao
Proper, Itogon, Benguet / Alvin P. Ramirez 2011
Document Outline
- An Assessment of Ampucao Honeybee KeepersAssociation at Ampucao Proper, Itogon, Benguet
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- METHODOLOGY
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES