BIBLIOGRAPHY DOMINGUEZ, FE A. OCTOBER 2009. ...
BIBLIOGRAPHY
DOMINGUEZ, FE A. OCTOBER 2009. Germplasm Collection and Evaluation
of Chickpea Accessions Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Fernando R. Gonzales, PhD.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to evaluate and characterize thirty (30) chickpea
accessions from International Crops Research for Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) in
Benguet specifically at La Trinidad and to identify accessions of chickpea adapted under
La Trinidad, Benguet.
Results revealed that Desi Type accessions had significantly higher field
emergence percentage than the Kabuli types. ICCV 06108 were significantly the earliest
to produce flower compared to the other accessions evaluated. ICCV 06106 (Desi Type)
was significantly taller at flowering stage and at final height. Kabuli type ICCV 95334
were the earliest to be harvested after 87 days while ICCV 07115 was the earliest among
the Desi Type after 124 days. As to the number of lateral branches produced at
flowering, ICCV 07114 produced the most lateral branches while ICCV 07304 produced
the least number of lateral branches. There were no significant differences on the total
number of harvest.
Desi type ICCV 10 significantly attained the highest number of filled pods with a
mean of 237.64/plant while ICCV 92311 a kabuli type had the lowest filled pods with a
mean of 36.40/plant. Desi type ICCV 06102 significantly had the highest number of
unfilled pods with a mean of 87.77/plant while Kabuli type ICCV 92311 had the lowest
with a mean of 12.40/plant.
Kabuli type ICCV 95334 had the highest mean yield per plant with a mean of
54.30 while Desi type ICCV 07107 had the lowest yield per plant with a mean of 4.30 g.
As to the yield per plot and yield per hectare, ICCV 07307 significantly
outyielded all the accessions evaluated. ICCV 06105 had significantly heavier 100 seed
weight (36.80) while ICCV 10 had the lowest (13.23) Desi type (ICCV 06102) and
Kabuli type (ICCV 2) had the highest percentage germination under laboratory condition.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
MATERIALS AND METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Field Emergence (%). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Days from Planting to 50% Flowering (cm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
Average Height at Flowering (cm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Final Height (cm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
Days from Planting to First Harvest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
Mean Number of Lateral Branches at Flowering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
Total Number of Harvest or Picking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
Number of Filled and Unfilled Pods Produced Per Plant. . . . . . . . . . . .
23
Seed Yield Per Plant (g). . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
Total Yield Per Plot (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Total Yield Per Hectare (kg) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
Weight of 100 Seeds (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
Germination Test (%) . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
Pest and Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
iii
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. . . . . . . . . . . .
33
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
iv
INTRODUCTION
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an ancient crop that has been grown in India, the
Middle East and parts of Africa for many years. It has been grown in Turkey nearly
7,400 years ago. Much of the world’s chickpea supply (8090%) comes from India where
poor soil use of unimproved varieties and low rainfall results in yields averaging about
700 lb/acre (Anonymous, 2007).
Chickpea is a temperature crop. Crop improvement efforts have improved
adaptation of chickpea to warmer conditions in the subtropics. The two most common
types of chickpea are the white-seeded “Kabuli” and “Desi”. The “Kabuli” types are
mostly grown in WAHA, the Americas and Europe, while the “Desi” types predominate
in Asia, parts of Africa and Australia (Smithson et al., 1985).
The plant grows to between 20 and 50 cm high and has small feathery leaves on
either side of the stem. One seedpod contains two or three peas. The flowers are white
or sometimes reddish-blue. Chickpeas need a subtropical or tropical climate with more
than 400 mm of annual rain. They can be grown in a temperate climate but yield will be
much lower (Vander Maesen et al., 1972).
Chickpea mature in 3-7 months and leaves turn brown or yellow during maturity.
For dry seeds, the plants are harvested at maturity by cutting them close to the ground or
uprooting. Chickpeas are usually stored in bags, but are more subject to insect damage
than when stored in bulk (Anonymous, 2007).
Chickpea is consumed as a dry crop or as green vegetable with the former use
being most common. Seeds average about 20% protein, 5% fat and 55% carbohydrate
(Anonymous, 2007).
Germplasm Col ection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
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Common uses in United States are in soups, vegetable combinations, or as a
component of fresh salads in restaurant salad bars. Some livestock feeding trials have
been conducted and these show chickpea to be a good source of protein for feeds, except
that the amino acids methionine and cystine are deficient (Anonymous, 2007).
Many popular Indian dishes are made with chickpea flour, such as mirchi bajji
and mirapakaya bajji telugu. In India, unripe chickpeas are often picked out of the pod
and eaten as raw snack and the leaves are eaten as a green vegetable in salads. Chickpea
flour is also used to make “Burmese tofu” which was first known among the Shan people
of Burma. The flour is also used as a batter to coat various vegetables and meats before
frying, such as with panelle, a chickpea fritter from Sicily. In the Philippines, garbanzo
beans preserved in syrup are eaten as sweets and in desserts such as for halo-halo(Singh,
1983).
The objectives of the study were:
1. To evaluate and select the chickpea accessions from ICRISAT adapted under
La Trinidad, Benguet.
2. To evaluate the resistance of the different chickpea accessions to pests and
diseases.
This study was conducted at Benguet State University experimental station,
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet from October 2008 to February 2009.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Botany of Chickpea
Taxonomy, morphology and floral biology. Cicer, which was classified under
Vicieae alef, was later reported to belong to monogeneric tribe, Cicereae. The Genus
includes nine (9) annuals and thirty four (34) perennial herbs. Cross ability and fertility
of hybrids in inter specific crosses have been used as a basis to classify the annuals into 4
cross ability groups. The first group includes the cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum
L.) and C. reticulatum. Chickpea plants can be described as “stems are branched, erect,
or spreading, sometimes shrubby much branched, 0.2-1 m tall, glandular pubescent with
3-8 pairs of leaflets and a top leaflets; leaflets ovate to elliptic, 0.6-2.0 cm long, 0.3-1.4
cm wide, margin serrate, apex acuminate to aristate, base cuneate, stipules 2-5 toothed,
stipules absent.
Kabuli (large seeded 800 seeds/lb) varieties are generally taller than the desi
(small-seeded = 1500 seed/lb) varieties.
Flowers (self pollinated) are borne in groups of two or three are ½ to 1 inch long
and come in purple, white pink or blue color depending upon variety. Each flower
produces a short, pubescent pod which in ¾ to increase long and which appear to be
inflated. One or two seeds are present in each pod. The seeds come with either rough or
smooth surfaces and can be crème, yellow, brown or green in color.
Climatic Requirements
Chickpea can grow in medium and high altitudes of more than 800 m. It is
typically adapted to cooler seasons after the monsoon at higher latitudes and the sub-
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
4
tropics, also at lower altitudes. Chickpea seedlings are even known to survive from snow
cover. The drought assistant species withstand the largest temperate amplitudes. Bright
sunshine is essential for growth and fertilization of semi and pulses-cloudy weather
harms first setting in chickpea. Long duration climbers such as yam beans and velvet
beans may tolerate shade and moist conditions (Masen and Somaatjmadja, 1990).
The plant is a winter season crop but severs cold and frost is injurious to it. Forst
at the time of flowering, results in the failure of the flowers to develop seeds, or the
killing of the seeds inside pod. It is generally grown under rain conditions but gives good
returns in irrigated conditions as well. Excessive rains soon after sowing or at flowering
and fruiting or hailstorm at ripening cause heavy loss. It is best suited to areas having
moderate rainfall of 60-90 centimeter per annum (Singh, 1983).
Chickpea is a cool season annual crop performing optimally in 210 to 270oF day
temperatures and 640 to 70oF night temperatures.
They produce good yield in drier conditions because of their deep tap root.
Heavier rainfall seasons (over 30 inches annually) show reduced yields due to disease
outbreaks and stem lodging problems from the excessive vegetative growth. Areas with a
welt distributed rainfall pattern produced the highest yield and quality chickpea seed
(Anon., 2007).
Importance of Selecting Varieties
Selection of the variety to be planted is one of the most important decisions the
commercial vegetable grower must take each season. Considering the yield performance,
the variety has the potential crop at least equivalent to these already grown. It must also
perform well under a range of environmental conditions usually encountered on
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
5
individual farms, possess excellent resistant against pests, diseases and harvested product
have the quality characteristics desired by the packers, shippers, wholesalers, retailer and
consumer which include size, shape, flavor and nutritional quality (Lorenz and Maynard,
1986). Currently large seeded, lighter colored seed types of chickpea are preferred for
soup and salad bar uses.
In addition, Lorenz and Maynard (1986) mentioned the importance of good seed
of the right variety of strain suitable for the locality should not be overlooked. Some
variety produce extremely well under one set of condition but because worthless in
another condition. Knott (1989) supported this when he started that certain variety of
crops do well in one distinct and be worthless in another condition.
Furthermore, Villareal (1969) explained that planting of good seeds are essential
to the success as the growing vegetable. Planting vegetable variety except the best
variety adapted to the environmental in which it will grow unnecessary limit the potential
for the high yield and profits even before the fruit seed is planted.
Harvesting
Chickpeas mature in 3-7 months and the leaves turn yellow/brown during
maturity. For dry seeds, the plants are harvested at maturity or slightly earlier by cutting
them close to the ground or uprooting. The plants are stacked in the field for a few days
to dry and later the crop is threshed by trampling or beating with wooden flais. The chart
is separated from the grain by winnowing. Tall cultivars are suitable for mechanized are
more subject to insect damage than when stored in bulk. Proper cleaning, drying and
aeration are necessary to control seed beetles. A thin coating with vegetable oil can
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
6
reduce storage damage. Sometimes baskets, made from twisted rice straw, are used as
storage containers.
Field Cultivation
Chickpeas are propagated from seeds. “Seed is broadcast or (more often) drilled
in rows 25-60 cm apart, spaced at 10 cm between seeds, at a depth of 2-12 cm with soil
well pressed down. Soil is worked into a rough filth, clods broken and field-leveled.
Seed is sown in spring when the ground has warmed or when the rains recede depending
on the region (Smithson et al., 1985). Seedling rates vary from 25-40 kg/ha to 80-120
kg/ha, depending on the area and seed type. Chickpea may be cultivated as a sole crop,
or mixed with barley, lathyms (grass pea), linseed, mustard, peas, corn, coffe, safflower,
potato, sweet potato, sorghum, or wheat. In rotation is often follows wheat, barley, rice,
or tet (Van der Maesen et al., 1972). In India, chickpeas are also grown as a catch crop in
sugarcane fields and often as a second crop after rice. Although usually considered a dry
land crop, develop well on rice lands.
In most areas, chickpeas are inter-cultivated once about 3-4 weeks after sowing;
thereafter the crop develops enough shade to smother weeds. In other areas light
weeding are recommended. On poor soils, manure or compost is beneficial. Seed
inoculation improves yield only for crops grown for the first time or after rice, where
Rhizobium populations are naturally low or absent. Irrigation at 45 and 75 days after
planting is useful (Duke, 1981). Fertilizers or manure have often failed to increase yields
substantially because of fixation of P by soils and the accumulation of nutrients in the
upper layer of the soil which are often dry.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
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Soil Requirement
Legume crops can be grown in any type of soil provided water is available. They
perform best in soil that is granular, fertile, well drained and relatively free from
nematodes and fusarium diseases. Clay loam soil is probably the best type for
commercial production. They thrive in moderately acidic soil with a range of 50-60
(PCARRD, 1975).
Chickpea does best on fertile sandy loam soils with good internal drainage. Good
drainage is necessary because even short period of flooded or water logged fields reduce
growth and increase susceptibility to root and stem roots.
Seed Preparation and Germination
Seed quality certified chickpea seed should always be used. This seed should be
high in germination percentage (over 85%) free from damage and free of weed seeds.
Good quality seeds do not need to be treated with an insecticide or fungicide, but if you
have had past problems with Pythium or R/zizoctonia rots in your fields, you may need to
treat your seeds prior to planting (Anonymous, 2007).
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
8
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials
The materials used in the study were seeds of chickpea, garden tools, record book
and identifying pegs.
Methods
This study was conducted at La Trinidad, Benguet. Thirty chickpea accessions
from ICRISAT was introduced and evaluated. The study was laid out in randomized
complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. There were three plots per
treatment measuring 1 x 3 m plot. Two furrows were made within the plot at 30 cm apart
where the inorganic fertilizer were applied evenly and mixed with the soil before sowing.
The seeds were planted singly at a distance of 40 cm between rows and 20 cm between
hills. Three sample plants per accession was characterized.
The treatments were as follows:
Chickpea accessions from International Crops Research Institute for semi arid
tropics (ICRISAT).
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
T1 – ICCC 37
T16 – ICCV2
T2 – ICCV 10
T17 – ICCV 92311
T3 – ICCV 93952
T18 – ICCV 92337
T4 – ICCV 93954
T19 – ICCV 95311
T5 – ICCV 94954
T20 – ICCV 95332
T6 – ICCV 06101
T21 – ICCV 95333
T7 – ICCV 06102
T22 – ICCV 95334
T8 – ICCV 06104
T23 – ICCV 06301
T9 – ICCV 06105
T24 – ICCV 06306
T10 – ICCV 06106
T25 – ICCV 07304
T11 – ICCV 06107
T26 – ICCV 07306
T12 – ICCV 06108
T27 – ICCV 07307
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
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Desi Type
Kabuli Type
T13 – ICCV 07107
T28 – ICCV 07309
T14 – ICCV 07114
T29 – ICCV 07312
T15 – ICCV 07115
T30 – ICCV 07313
Care and Maintenance
Care and maintenance were done to all samples throughout the duration of the
study.
Data Gathered
The data gathered were as follows:
A. Vegetable Growth
1. Field emergence (%). This was recorded 15 days from sowing seeds.
Number of Seeds Germinated
Percentage Emergence = x 100
Number of Seed Sown
2. Days from planting to 50% flowering. This was taken when 50% of
the plant population reaches flowering stage.
3. Average height at flowering (cm). This was taken at flowering stage
(first flowers).
4. Final height. This was taken at full grown stage (75% pod
development).
5. Days from planting to first harvest. This was noted on the first harvest
of pods.
6. Mean number of lateral branches at flowering. This was taken at
flowering (first flowers).
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
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7. Total number of harvest. This was the total number of harvesting done
for one cropping season.
B. Yield
1. Mean number of filled and unfilled pods produced per plant. This was
the total number of pods produced by sample plants divided by number of sample
plants.
2. Mean yield per plant (g). This was taken using the formula:
Total Yield of Samples
Mean Yield Per Plant =
Number of Sample
3. Total yield per plot (kg). Total yield of the experimental plot.
4. Total yield per hectare (t/ha). Yield of experimental plot (10 m2)
(1000).
C. Seed Quality
1. Weight of 100 seeds (g). This was taken at 10% moisture content.
2. Germination test. This was conducted one month prior to seed storage
using the Petri dish method.
D. Incidence of Pests and Diseases
1. Insect pest. Insect that infested the plant during the cropping season
was noted and identified during the vegetative and reproductive stages of plant growth.
2. Diseases. Plant diseases observed during the cropping season was
recorded and the causal/organism will be identified including the degree of infestation.
3. Natural condition biotic stress susceptibility.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
11
E. Meteorological data. Figures 1 to 4 are graphical illustrations of the following
data gathered throughout the duration of the study:
1. Temperature (oC)
2. Relative humidity (%)
3. Sunlight duration
4. Rainfall
F. Documentation. Figures 6 to 10 show a documentation of the experimental
area from seed set-up to harvesting.
22.6
22.4
22.2
22
o
C
)
21.8
u
r
e ( 21.6
at 21.4
p
er 21.2
21
T
em
20.8
20.6
20.4
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Month
Figure 1. Average temperature (minimum + maximum) (oC)
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
12
86.5
86
) 85.5
t
(
%
85
cen
P
er 84.5
84
83.5
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Month
Figure 2. Relative humidity (%)
450
400
350
300
250
i
n
u
t
e
s
200
M 150
100
50
0
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Month
Figure 3. Light duration (min.)
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
13
70
60
50
e
n
t
h
s
40
f
T
30
i
n
u
t
e
s
o
20
M
10
0
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Month
Figure 4. Rainfall (mins. of tenths)
Figure 5. Set-up of the seeds sown
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
14
Figure 6. Experimental area
Figure 7. Flowering stage
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
15
Figure 8. Pod setting stage
Figure 9. Harvesting stage
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Field Emergence
The field emergence as presented in Table 1 showed that there were highly
significant differences among the accessions used. Accessions ICCV 06104 and ICCV
94954 (Desi type) had significantly the highest percentage field emergence of 98.26%
Kabuli accessions had significantly lower percentage emergence.
Result shows that Desi type accessions had higher percentage field emergence
which Kabuli types had generally lower field emergence under La Trinidad, Benguet.
Table 1. Field emergence
FIELD
FIELD
TREATMENT
EMERGENCE
TREATMENT
EMERGENCE
(%)
(%)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
89.23b
ICCV 2
3.47f
ICCV 10
86.15c
ICCV 92311
20.13f
ICCV 93952
89.23b
ICCV 92337
20.88f
ICCV 93954
85.28c
ICCV 95311
35.56e
ICCV 94954
97.57a
ICCV 95332
10.67f
ICCV 06101
85.54c
ICCV 95333
4.51f
ICCV 06102
90.62b
ICCV 95334
1.38f
ICCV 06104
98.26a
ICCV 06301
28.13f
ICCV 06105
76.90d`
ICCV 06306
17.11f
ICCV 06106
88.88c
ICCV 07304
39.10e
ICCV 06107
83.68c
ICCV 07306
31.27e
ICCV 06108
72.57d
ICCV 07307
31.02e
ICCV 07107
70.48d
ICCV 07309
7.29f
ICCV 07114
77.77d
ICCV 07312
39.11e
ICCV 07115
90.27b
ICCV 07313
24.51f
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
17
Days from Planting to 50% Flowering
The number of days from planting to flowering is shown in Table 2. Statistical
analysis revealed that there were highly significant differences among the accessions
used. Result showed that ICCV 06108 , a Desi type were the earliest to flower after 42.6
days but were comparable with ICCV 92311 while ICCV 95334 a Kabuli type were the
latest to flower after 101.3 days.
These results agrees that varietal evaluation is important to observe the
performance character such as yield, earliness to flower, vigor, maturity and keeping
quality because different variety have wide ranges performance (Work and Carew, 1955).
Table 2. Days from planting to 50% flowering
DAYS FROM
DAYS FROM
PLANTING TO
PLANTING TO
TREATMENT
50% FLOWERING
TREATMENT
50% FLOWERING
(cm)
(cm)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
65.0d
ICCV 2
58.3d
ICCV 10
70.3c
ICCV 92311
43.0f
ICCV 93952
70.0e
ICCV 92337
60.0d
ICCV 93954
66.0d
ICCV 95311
96.0b
ICCV 94954
72.0c
ICCV 95332
46.3f
ICCV 06101
68.3c
ICCV 95333
99.6b
ICCV 06102
50.3e
ICCV 95334
101.3a
ICCV 06104
52.0e
ICCV 06301
45.3f
ICCV 06105
52.6e
ICCV 06306
55.0d
ICCV 06106
74.3c
ICCV 07304
48.0e
ICCV 06107
75.0c
ICCV 07306
53.3e
ICCV 06108
42.6f
ICCV 07307
45.6f
ICCV 07107
54.0e
ICCV 07309
46.3f
ICCV 07114
69.6c
ICCV 07312
51.0e
ICCV 07115
60.3d
ICCV 07313
47.3f
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
18
Average Height at Flowering (cm)
Highly significant differences were obtained on the average height at flowering
stage. As shown in Table 3, ICCV 06106, a Desi type was the tallest among the
accessions at flowering with a mean of 58.43 cm, while ICCV 06301 was the shortest
with a mean of 28.1 cm. Generally, Desi type accession were taller than Kabuli type at
flowering stage.
The observed differences among the chickpea accessions indicate their
differential adaptability to local conditions as well as their inherent height potential
(Anonymous, 2007).
Table 3. Average height at flowering (cm)
AVE. HEIGHT AT
AVE. HEIGHT AT
FLOWERING
FLOWERING
TREATMENT
(cm)
TREATMENT
(cm)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
49.72c
ICCV 2
44.40c
ICCV 10
39.52d
ICCV 92311
32.30d
ICCV 93952
45.64c
ICCV 92337
37.90d
ICCV 93954
40.96c
ICCV 95311
39.30d
ICCV 94954
51.96b
ICCV 95332
34.40d
ICCV 06101
52.50d
ICCV 95333
45.86c
ICCV 06102
45.30c
ICCV 95334
37.66d
ICCV 06104
37.43d
ICCV 06301
28.10d
ICCV 06105
45.30c
ICCV 06306
36.43d
ICCV 06106
58.43a
ICCV 07304
31.73d
ICCV 06107
54.86b
ICCV 07306
34.06d
ICCV 06108
57.20a
ICCV 07307
33.53d
ICCV 07107
34.53d
ICCV 07309
35.20d
ICCV 07114
51.96b
ICCV 07312
54.73b
ICCV 07115
56.06a
ICCV 07313
36.50d
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
19
Final Height
The final height is presented in Table 4. Among the accessions used, ICCV
07312 (Kabuli type) was significantly the tallest while ICCV 37 (Desi type) which was
the shortest. It was further observed that Kabuli type were taller than Desi type as
regards final height.
Dahiya and Lather (1990) suggested that a compact plant type with erect growth
habit and short internodes could help resist excessive growth in high input conditions.
Table 4. Final height
TREATMENT
FINAL HEIGHT
TREATMENT
FINAL HEIGHT
(cm)
(cm)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
64.66d
ICCV 2
80.67c
ICCV 10
72.77d
ICCV 92311
93.22b
ICCV 93952
72.33d
ICCV 92337
90.22b
ICCV 93954
77.32d
ICCV 95311
76.33d
ICCV 94954
75.33d
ICCV 95332
85.77c
ICCV 06101
76.77d
ICCV 95333
75.55d
ICCV 06102
77.00d
ICCV 95334
77.78d
ICCV 06104
76.66d
ICCV 06301
80.22d
ICCV 06105
82.33d
ICCV 06306
94.55b
ICCV 06106
90.00b
ICCV 07304
85.11c
ICCV 06107
84.33c
ICCV 07306
79.55c
ICCV 06108
81.00d
ICCV 07307
81.89c
ICCV 07107
78.00d
ICCV 07309
70.11d
ICCV 07114
79.44c
ICCV 07312
102.44d
ICCV 07115
82.55c
ICCV 07313
93.78b
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
20
Days from Planting to First Harvest
As presented in Table 5, ICCV 95334 a Kabuli type was the earliest to mature
and reach harvesting stage after 87 days which differed significantly from the other
accessions used. Results showed that generally, Desi type accessions are late maturing
which can be harvested ranging from 124 to 129 days compared to Kabuli type
accessions which had shorter days from planting to first harvest which ranges from 122 to
124 days.
Bautista et al (1985) pointed out that each variety contains a set of genetic make
up which determines the earliness of maturity and attributed to the varietal characteristics
of the different cultivars.
Table 5. Days from planting to first harvest
DAYS FROM
DAYS FROM
PLANTING TO
PLANTING TO
TREATMENT
FIRST HARVEST
TREATMENT
FIRST HARVEST
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
129.00a
ICCV 2
124e
ICCV 10
129.00a
ICCV 92311
124e
ICCV 93952
129.00a
ICCV 92337
124e
ICCV 93954
128.00b
ICCV 95311
124e
ICCV 94954
128.00b
ICCV 95332
124e
ICCV 06101
127.00c
ICCV 95333
123f
ICCV 06102
127.00c
ICCV 95334
87h
ICCV 06104
127.00c
ICCV 06301
123f
ICCV 06105
127.00c
ICCV 06306
123f
ICCV 06106
126.66d
ICCV 07304
123f
ICCV 06107
126.00d
ICCV 07306
123f
ICCV 06108
126.00d
ICCV 07307
123f
ICCV 07107
126.00d
ICCV 07309
122g
ICCV 07114
126.00d
ICCV 07312
122g
ICCV 07115
124.00e
ICCV 07313
122g
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
21
Mean Number of Lateral Branches at Flowering
There were significant differences on the average number of lateral branches at
flowering as presented in Table 6. Results showed that ICCV 07114 accession produced
higher number of branches with a mean of 2.44 but were comparable to ICCV 10, ICCV
07309, ICCV 06105, ICCV 06106, ICCV 2, ICCV 06306 and ICCV 93952 with a mean
of 2.33, 2.22, 2.11 and 2.00, respectively. Kabuli type ICCV 07304 obtained the lowest
number of lateral branches with a mean of 1.11 followed by ICCV 95333, ICCV 07307,
ICCV 07312, ICCV 94954, ICCV 95334 and ICCV 07115 with a mean of 1.22, 1.33 and
1.44.
It was shown in the table that almost all the accessions has the same number of
lateral branches produced which ranges from 1.11 to 2.44.
Table 6. Mean number of lateral branches at flowering
NO. OF LATERAL
NO. OF LATERAL
BRANCHES AT
BRANCHES AT
TREATMENT
FLOWERING
TREATMENT
FLOWERING
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
1.77c
ICCV 2
2.11b
ICCV 10
2.33a
ICCV 92311
1.89c
ICCV 93952
2.00b
ICCV 92337
1.66d
ICCV 93954
1.55d
ICCV 95311
1.77c
ICCV 94954
1.33d
ICCV 95332
1.66d
ICCV 06101
1.78c
ICCV 95333
1.22d
ICCV 06102
1.78c
ICCV 95334
1.33d
ICCV 06104
1.89c
ICCV 06301
1.78c
ICCV 06105
2.11b
ICCV 06306
2.11b
ICCV 06106
2.11b
ICCV 07304
1.11d
ICCV 06107
1.89c
ICCV 07306
1.66d
ICCV 06108
1.55d
ICCV 07307
1.22d
ICCV 07107
1.55d
ICCV 07309
2.22a
ICCV 07114
2.44a
ICCV 07312
1.33d
ICCV 07115
1.44d
ICCV 07313
1.99b
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
22
Total Number of Harvest or Picking
Table 7 showed that there were no significant differences on the total number of
harvest indicating that all the accessions evaluated had similar number of harvest/picking.
Results showed that the number of pickings ranges from 1.33 to 2.33.
The number of picking/harvest was generally affected by rainfall, pests and
diseases that attacked or affect the crops.
Table 7. Total number of harvest or picking
TREATMENT
NO. OF HARVEST
TREATMENT
NO. OF HARVEST
OR PICKING
OR PICKING
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
2.00a
ICCV 2
2.00a
ICCV 10
2.00a
ICCV 92311
2.00a
ICCV 93952
2.00a
ICCV 92337
1.67a
ICCV 93954
2.00a
ICCV 95311
2.00a
ICCV 94954
2.00a
ICCV 95332
2.00a
ICCV 06101
2.00a
ICCV 95333
2.00a
ICCV 06102
2.00a
ICCV 95334
2.33a
ICCV 06104
2.00a
ICCV 06301
2.33a
ICCV 06105
2.00a
ICCV 06306
2.33a
ICCV 06106
1.33a
ICCV 07304
2.33a
ICCV 06107
2.00a
ICCV 07306
2.00a
ICCV 06108
2.00a
ICCV 07307
2.00a
ICCV 07107
2.00a
ICCV 07309
2.00a
ICCV 07114
2.00a
ICCV 07312
2.00a
ICCV 07115
2.00a
ICCV 07313
2.00a
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
23
Number of Filled and Unfilled Pods Produced Per Plant
The mean number of filled and unfilled pods produced per plant was shown in
Table 8. There were significant differences among the accessions evaluated. Desi type
ICCV 10 attained the highest number of filled pods with a mean of 260.73 followed by
ICCC 37, ICCV 06104, ICCV 06102 and ICCV 93952 with a mean of 237.64, 236.73,
231.83 and 228.53, respectively. The lowest filled pods was obtained from Kabuli type
ICCV 07107 with a mean of 29.40 but were comparable to Desi type ICCV 07313 and
ICCV 95334 with a mean of 36.40 and 37.80.
Table 8. Mean number of filled and unfilled pod produced per plant
NUMBER OF
NUMBER OF
TREATMENT
Filled
Unfilled
TREATMENT
Filled
Unfilled
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
237.64ab
37.64c ICCV 2
121.33e
45.77c
ICCV 10
260.73a
47.10c ICCV 92311
99.30e
12.40f
ICCV 93952
228.53b
63.32b ICCV 92337
89.07e
12.63f
ICCV 93954
203.83b
18.20c ICCV 95311
66.07e
17.30e
ICCV 94954
90.17e
45.87c ICCV 95332
122.73e
27.45d
ICCV 06101
105.93e
56.87c ICCV 95333
125.20e
14.43e
ICCV 06102
231.83b
87.77a ICCV 95334
37.80e
14.00f
ICCV 06104
236.73ab
29.10d ICCV 06301
142.43d
40.40c
ICCV 06105
65.30e
24.58d ICCV 06306
145.63d
28.30d
ICCV 06106
49.87e
32.77d ICCV 07304
150.07d
22.30e
ICCV 06107
105.65e
27.10d ICCV 07306
76.20e
47.50c
ICCV 06108
164.20d
32.20d ICCV 07307
132.77d
20.30e
ICCV 07107
29.40e
27.97d ICCV 07309
105.77e
20.50e
ICCV 07114
187.50c
68.60b ICCV 07312
77.07e
42.83c
ICCV 07115
148.77d
68.20b ICCV 07313
36.40e
24.53d
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
24
In terms of unfilled pods, Desi type ICCV 06102 significantly had the highest
number of unfilled pods with a mean of 87.77 followed by ICCV 07114, ICCV 07115
and ICCV 93952 with a mean of 68.60, 68.20 and 63.32. ICCV 92311, a Kabuli type
attained the lowest unfilled pods with a mean of 12.40 followed by ICCV 92337 (12.63),
ICCV 95334 (14.00) and ICCV 95333 (14.43).
Seed Yield Per Plant
Table 9 presents the mean seed yield per plant. Statistical analysis showed that
there were significant differences among the accessions evaluated. Kabuli type (ICCV
95334) attained the highest mean yield per plant with a mean of 54.30, but was
comparable to ICCV 07304 (Kabuli type), ICCV 06102 (Desi type), ICCV 07307 (Kabuli
Table 9. Mean yield per plant
SEED YIELD
SEED YIELD
TREATMENT
(g)
TREATMENT
(g)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
43.90ab
ICCV 2
18.49ab
ICCV 10
48.95a
ICCV 92311
32.31ab
ICCV 93952
40.60ab
ICCV 92337
27.33ab
ICCV 93954
27.57ab
ICCV 95311
21.00ab
ICCV 94954
11.48ab
ICCV 95332
39.27ab
ICCV 06101
32.27ab
ICCV 95333
39.83ab
ICCV 06102
51.39a
ICCV 95334
54.30a
ICCV 06104
42.73ab
ICCV 06301
34.97ab
ICCV 06105
23.93ab
ICCV 06306
37.57ab
ICCV 06106
8.14ab
ICCV 07304
51.93a
ICCV 06107
20.07ab
ICCV 07306
16.73ab
ICCV 06108
30.67ab
ICCV 07307
49.80a
ICCV 07107
4.30b
ICCV 07309
26.00ab
ICCV 07114
27.47ab
ICCV 07312
17.90ab
ICCV 07115
28.09ab
ICCV 07313
11.83ab
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
25
type) and ICCV 10 (Desi type) with a mean of 51.93g, 51.39g, 49.80g and 48.95g,
respectively. Desi type ICCV 07107 attained the lowest mean yield per plant with a
mean of 4.30 g followed by ICCV 06106, ICCV 94954 and ICCV 07313 with a mean of
8.14g, 11.48g and 11.83g, respectively.
Total Yield Per Plot
Table 10 presents the total yield per plot. ICCV 07307 had significantly the
highest total yield per plot with a mean of 1.31g but were comparable to Desi type ICCV
93952, ICCV 10, ICCC 37 , ICCV 06104 and ICCV 06108 with a mean of 1.30 kg, 1.20
kg, 1.13 kg, 1.06 and 1.05 kg, respectively. Kabuli type ICCV 06106 obtained the lowest
yield per plot with a mean of 0.33 but were comparable to Desi type ICCV 92337, ICCV
07107, ICCV 95333 and ICCV 07313 with a mean of 0.39, 0.40, 0.43 and 0.44 kg,
respectively.
This result strongly agreed with the statement of Edmund et al. (1957) that
varieties differ in productivity due to their adaptability in the environment. According to
Wien (1983), choice of the most adapted cultivar is a key decision that a vegetable
grower faces every growing season in which the profitability of the crops depends.
Evaluation of cultivars for adaptation to local growing conditions, therefore is of crucial
importance a grower make when determining crops from planting. Crop productivity is
usually attributed to disease and insect pests, resistance, environmental adaptability and
yield potential.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
26
Table 10. Total yield per plot
TOTAL YIELD
TOTAL YIELD
TREATMENT
(kg)
TREATMENT
(kg)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
1.13c
ICCV 2
0.63f
ICCV 10
1.20b
ICCV 92311
0.97d
ICCV 93952
1.30a
ICCV 92337
0.39g
ICCV 93954
0.82e
ICCV 95311
0.57f
ICCV 94954
0.54f
ICCV 95332
0.84e
ICCV 06101
0.61f
ICCV 95333
0.43g
ICCV 06102
0.91d
ICCV 95334
0.67f
ICCV 06104
1.06c
ICCV 06301
0.99c
ICCV 06105
0.76f
ICCV 06306
0.83e
ICCV 06106
0.33g
ICCV 07304
0.91d
ICCV 06107
0.85e
ICCV 07306
0.67f
ICCV 06108
1.05c
ICCV 07307
1.31d
ICCV 07107
0.40g
ICCV 07309
0.62f
ICCV 07114
0.94d
ICCV 07312
0.52f
ICCV 07115
0.67f
ICCV 07313
0.44g
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Total Yield Per Hectare
Table 11 shows the total yield per hectare. The total yield per hectare is
consistent with the total yield per plot. ICCV 07307 a Kabuli type significantly attained
the highest yield with a mean of 1307 kg. It was comparable to Desi type accessions
ICCV 93952 (1302.30 kg), ICCV 10 (1198 kg) and ICCC 37 (129.80). The lowest yield
was attained by Kabuli type ICCV 06106 with a mean of 325.90 kg followed by ICCV
92337, ICCV 07107, ICCV 07313 and ICCV 0713 with a mean of 394 kg, 400.60 kg,
433.20 kg and 441.90 kg, respectively.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
27
Table 11. Total yield per hectare
TOTAL YIELD
TOTAL YIELD
TREATMENT
(kg)
TREATMENT
(kg)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
1129.80b
ICCV 2
625.40f
ICCV 10
1198.00b
ICCV 92311
965.10d
ICCV 93952
1302.30a
ICCV 92337
394.00f
ICCV 93954
816.80e
ICCV 95311
571.50f
ICCV 94954
536.20f
ICCV 95332
837.40d
ICCV 06101
608.10f
ICCV 95333
433.20f
ICCV 06102
912.30d
ICCV 95334
672.67d
ICCV 06104
1056.60e
ICCV 06301
990.00d
ICCV 06105
755.00f
ICCV 06306
834.20d
ICCV 06106
325.90f
ICCV 07304
913.80d
ICCV 06107
848.20d
ICCV 07306
666.60f
ICCV 06108
1049.00c
ICCV 07307
1307.00c
ICCV 07107
400.60f
ICCV 07309
620.90f
ICCV 07114
941.20d
ICCV 07312
524.20f
ICCV 07115
666.73f
ICCV 07313
441.90f
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
The lowest yield of these varieties was due to excessive rainfall which leads to the
development of stem rot which had greatly damage the crop and due to occurrence of pod
borer and rodents.
Weight of 100 Seeds (g)
As shown in Table 12, Desi type ICCV 06105 had significantly heavier seed
weight with a mean of 36.80 g/100 seed but was comparable to the Kabuli type ICCV
07307 and ICCV 92311 with a mean of 34.83 g and 34.80 g, respectively. Desi type
ICCV 10 had the lightest weight of 13.23 g followed by ICCC 37 with 14.67 g.
The differences in weight of 100 seeds are attributed to the differences in varietal
characteristics such as sizes. ICCV 06105 had bigger sizes of seeds which might have
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
28
Table 12. Weight of 100 seeds
TREATMENT
WEIGHT
TREATMENT
WEIGHT
(g)
(g)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
14.67f
ICCV 2
20.77e
ICCV 10
13.23f
ICCV 92311
34.80b
ICCV 93952
21.00c
ICCV 92337
24.93d
ICCV 93954
17.73f
ICCV 95311
26.07c
ICCV 94954
21.10e
ICCV 95332
29.07c
ICCV 06101
21.37e
ICCV 95333
26.33c
ICCV 06102
20.67e
ICCV 95334
24.47d
ICCV 06104
17.50f
ICCV 06301
25.30d
ICCV 06105
36.80a
ICCV 06306
23.87d
ICCV 06106
18.40f
ICCV 07304
27.87c
ICCV 06107
22.47e
ICCV 07306
25.83d
ICCV 06108
22.87e
ICCV 07307
34.83b
ICCV 07107
15.50f
ICCV 07309
27.87c
ICCV 07114
24.13d
ICCV 07312
24.53d
ICCV 07115
16.15f
ICCV 07313
26.67d
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
contributed to its weight. The difference could also be influenced by the genetic and
environmental factors according to Villareal (1969). Moreover, Lorenz and Maynard
(1988) emphasized that the harvested products must have characteristics desired by the
packer, shipper, retailer and consumer. Included among these qualities were size, shape,
color, flavor and nutritional qualities.
Moreover, Muehlbaner and Singh (1987), Poniedzialek et al (1996) is about 495 g
especially to the large seeded Kabuli chickpea, whereas Desi type, a small seeded has a
minimum weight of 245 g per 1000 seeds, cited by Poniedzialek (2005).
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
29
Germination Test
Table 13 shows the germination test done in Petri dish method. Desi type ICCV
06102 and Kabuli type ICCV 2 had significantly higher germination percentage with a
identical mean of 87.33%. It was followed by ICCV 95311 (86.67%), ICCV 93954
(81.33%), ICCV 07107 (79.33%), ICCV 0713 (76.67%), ICCV 07114 (76%) and ICCV
93952 (74%). The lowest percentage germination was obtained by ICCV 93952 (Desi
type) with a mean of 25.33 but were comparable to ICCV 06107 with a mean of 30.67,
ICCV 07307 with a mean of 36.67 and ICCV 06106 with a mean of 37.33.
Table 13. Germination test of harvested seeds
GERMINATION
GERMINATION
TEST
TEST
TREATMENT
(%)
TREATMENT
(%)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
61.33d
ICCV 2
87.33a
ICCV 10
44.67f
ICCV 92311
62.00d
ICCV 93952
25.33f
ICCV 92337
61.33d
ICCV 93954
81.33b
ICCV 95311
86.67b
ICCV 94954
72.00c
ICCV 95332
74.00c
ICCV 06101
57.33e
ICCV 95333
63.33d
ICCV 06102
87.33a
ICCV 95334
50.00e
ICCV 06104
60.00f
ICCV 06301
61.33d
ICCV 06105
68.00d
ICCV 06306
69.33d
ICCV 06106
37.33f
ICCV 07304
53.33e
ICCV 06107
30.67f
ICCV 07306
51.33e
ICCV 06108
50.00e
ICCV 07307
36.67f
ICCV 07107
79.33c
ICCV 07309
69.33d
ICCV 07114
76.00c
ICCV 07312
62.00d
ICCV 07115
60.67d
ICCV 07313
76.67c
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
30
Pest and Diseases
Table 14 shows that all the accessions evaluated were infested by cutworm during
the vegetative stage. Almost 10% of plant population was infested by cutworm, pod
borer (Helicoverpa armigera) also was observed during the reproductive stage of the
crop, it infested almost 10% of the plant population as well as the rodents (5%).
On the other hand, the diseases noted during the study were collar rot (Sclerotium
rolfsii Sacc.) which infested 15-20% of the plant population. Another disease that was
observed was chickpea stunt (bean leaf roll virus) which infested 5% of the plant
population. Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei Labr.), fusarium wilt (Fusarium
oxysporum Schlecht.), alternaria blight (Alternaria alternate) and mosaic (Alfalfa mosaic
virus) 3% infection.
Table 14. Insect pest observed during the conduct of the study
ATTACKING STAGE
INSECT PEST
Cutworm
Vegetative growth
Pod borer
Reproductive stage
Table 15. Diseases observed during the conduct of the study
DEGREE OF
DISEASE
CAUSAL ORGANISM
INFESTATION
Chickpea stunt
Bean leaf roll virus
Slight
Collar rot
Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.
Slight
Ascochyta blight
Ascochyta rabiei Labr.
Slight
Fusarium wilt
Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.
Slight
Alternaria blight
Alternaria alternate
Slight
Mosaid
Alfalfa mosaic virus
Slight
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
31
Table 16. Natural condition biotic stress susceptibility
FUSARIUM
ROOT/STEM
ASCOCHYTA
WILT
ALTERNARIA
ROT
CHICKPEA
MOSAIC
CUTWORM
POD
ACCESSIONS
BLIGHT
(Fusarium
BLIGHT
(Collar Rot)
STUNT
(Alfalfa
(Agrotis
BORER
(Ascochyta
oxysporum
(Alternaria
(Schlerotium
(Bean Leaf
Mosaic
ipsilon
(Helicoverpa
rabiei Labr.)
Schlecht.)
alternate)
rolfsii Sacc.)
Roll Virus)
Virus
Hutnagel)
armigera)
1
2
2
1
1
3
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
3
5
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
6
3
2
1
.2
2
1
1
3
7
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
8
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
9
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
10
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
3
11
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
12
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
3
13
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
3
14
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
15
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
16
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
17
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
18
3
1
1
2
2
1
2
3
19
2
1
1
2
1
3
1
3
20
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
2
21
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
22
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
23
3
1
1
2
3
1
2
2
24
3
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
25
3
2
1
1
2
3
2
3
26
2
3
1
1
2
1
2
2
27
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
28
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
3
29
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
30
3
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
Legend:
1 – Very low or no visible sign of susceptibility (<20%)
3 – Low (21-40%)
5 – Intermediate (41-60%)
7 – High (61-80%)
9 – Very high (1-100%)
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
32
Table 17. Meteorological data
AVERAGE
RELATIVE
SUNLIGHT
RAINFALL
TEMPERATURE (oC)
HUMIDITY
DURATION
(Mins. of
MONTH
Maximum Minimum
(%)
(Min.)
Tenths)
October 2008
1st week
24.7
18.8
86.0
290.5
73.9
2nd week
24.1
18.1
85.0
176.5
10.5
3rd week
24.3
19.6
84.0
382.8
78.4
4th week
24.2
16.0
85.0
435.4
86.7
November 2008
1st week
25.7
19.1
85.0
229.7
54.2
2nd week
25.3
20.0
87.0
332.5
29.0
3rd week
25.1
19.2
90.0
198.8
T
4th week
24.7
20.2
83.0
361.7
00
December 2008
1st week
24.9
18.5
80.0
434.5
00
2nd week
24.3
17.6
81.0
364.2
3.4
3rd week
23.8
19.1
82.0
432.0
00
4th week
27.7
22.9
96.2
305.1
00
January 2009
1st week
24.5
18.5
85.0
225.4
00
2nd week
24.4
17.3
85.0
225.4
00
3rd week
24.2
16.4
85.0
474.8
00
4th week
25.1
19.0
83.0
414.0
T
February 2009
1st week
24.0
16.8
89.0
365.1
17.6
2nd week
23.8
18.5
84.0
256.2
45.3
3rd week
23.9
19.1
84.0
454.2
35.1
4th week
25.3
22.1
84.0
375.7
00
March 2009
1st week
25.0
19.4
84.0
417.4
T
2nd week
25.4
19.6
87.0
143.1
11.1
3rd week
25.0
20.3
84.0
372.8
00
4th week
24.6
20.0
88.0
248.5
39.1
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
33
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The study was conducted to introduce and promote chickpea production in
Benguet specifically at La Trinidad, Benguet and to determine the germplasm collection
and evaluation of chickpea accessions under La Trinidad, Benguet and to identify
chickpea accessions that could be profitably grown under La Trinidad condition. The
study was conducted at La Trinidad, Benguet from October 2008 to March 2009.
Results revealed that the different chickpea accessions significantly vary on
emergence percentage where ICCV 06104 and ICCV 94954 had the highest field
percentage emergence while the lowest was observed from ICCV 95334 and ICCV 2.
ICCV 06108 were the earliest to produce flowers while ICCV 95334 were the latest to
obtain 50% flowering. ICCV 0-6106 (Desi type) was significantly taller than the other
varieties including Kabuli type. As to the final height, ICCV 07312 was significantly the
tallest while ICCV 37 was the shortest.
Kabuli type variety (ICCV 95334) were significantly the earliest to be harvested
compared to the rest of the accessions. As to the number of lateral branches produced at
flowering, ICCV 07114 produced the most number of lateral branches while ICCV 07304
produced the least number of branches. There were no significant differences in the total
number of harvest.
In terms of filled and unfilled pods, Desi type ICCV 10 had significantly the
highest number of filled pods with a mean of 36.40/plant. Desi type ICCV 06102
significantly had the highest number of unfilled pods with a mean of 87.77 while Kabuli
type ICCV 92311 had the lowest with a mean of 12.40/plant.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
34
For the yield per plot and yield per hectare, ICCV 93952 significantly outyielded
all the accessions evaluated. ICCV 06105 had significantly heavier in seed weight
compared to other accessions which has lesser seed weight.
The result of germination test done in Petri dish method showed that ICCV 06102
and ICCV 2 had the highest percentage germination while ICCV 93952 had the lowest
germination percentage.
Conclusion
Based on the results presented and discussed, the best accession tested in La
Trinidad, Benguet was Kabuli type ICCV 07307, ICCV 06301 and Desi type ICCV
93952 and ICCV 10 since they produced the highest yield potential among the cultivars
evaluated.
Recommendation
Based on the findings of this study, it is therefore recommended that Kabuli type
ICCV 07307, 06301 and Desi types ICCV 93952 and ICCV 10 accessions can be
productively grown in La Trinidad, Benguet since it outyielded all the accessions
evaluated. The yields of the selected accessions are within the global yield potential of
800-1,200 kg/ha.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
35
LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS. 2007. Wikipedia. The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 28, 2007
from http:/www.google.com.ph.
DAHIYA and LATHER. 1990. Plant Science: Introduction to World Crops. Freeman
and Company. San Francisco. P. 529.
DUKE, J. A. 1981. Handbook of Legumes of World Economic Importance. Oplenum
Press, New York. Pp. 52-57.
KNOTT, J. E. 1989. Vegetable Production Guide. Los Baños, Laguna. UPLB College
of Agriculture. Pp. 168-181.
LORENZ, O. A. and D. N. MAYNARD. 1986. Knott’s Handbook for Vegetable
Grower. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York. Pp. 25-30.
MASEN and SOMAATJMADJA. 1990. Food Legume Improvement for Asian Farming
Systems. Khon Leaeh, Thailand.
PCARRD. 1975. The Philippine Recommends for Vegetable Crops. Philippine Council
for Agriculture and Resources. Manila.
SINGH, C. 1983. Modern Techniques of Raising Field Crops. Oxford and IBH
Publishing Co. India.
SMITHSON, J. G., J. A. THOMPSON and R. J. SUMMERFIELD. 1985. Chickpea.
Pp. 312-390.
VANDER MAESEN, L. T. G. CICER L. 1972. A Monograph of the Genus with Special
Reference to the Chickpea, Its Ecology and Cultivation. Mededlingen
landbouwhoge School. Wageningen.
VILLAREAL, R. L. 1969. Seed Vegetable Training Manual. College of Agriculture.
University of the Philippines. Laguna. Pp. 46-47.
WORK and CAREW. 1955. Southern Vegetable Crops. 5th Edition. McGrawhill Co.,
New York.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
36
APPENDICES
Appendix Table 1. Field emergence (%)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
95.13
83.33
89.23
267.69
89.23
ICCV 10
80.90
91.40
86.15
258.45
86.15
ICCV 93952
88.19
90.27
89.23
267.69
89.23
ICCV 93954
79.16
91.40
85.28
255.84
85.28
ICCV 94954
96.52
98.62
97.57
292.71
95.57
ICCV 06101
92.63
89.06
85.84
257.53
85.84
ICCV 06102
93.75
87.50
90.62
271.87
90.62
ICCV 06104
96.52
100.00
98.26
294.78
98.26
ICCV 06105
69.44
84.37
76.90
230.71
76.90
ICCV 06106
90.27
87.50
88.88
266.65
88.88
ICCV 06107
86.80
80.56
83.68
251.04
83.68
ICCV 06108
77.08
68.06
72.57
217.71
72.57
ICCV 07107
70.13
70.84
70.48
211.45
70.48
ICCV 07114
80.55
75.00
77.77
233.32
77.77
ICCV 07115
88.88
91.67
90.27
270.82
90.27
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
2.77
4.17
3.47
10.41
3.47
ICCV 92311
18.75
21.52
20.13
60.40
20.13
ICCV 92337
22.22
19.55
20.88
62.65
20.88
ICCV 95311
27.08
44.05
35.56
106.69
35.56
ICCV 95332
11.11
10.25
10.67
32.03
10.67
ICCV 95333
5.55
3.47
4.51
13.53
4.51
ICCV 95334
2.77
0
1.38
4.15
1.38
ICCV 06301
23.60
32.66
28.13
84.39
28.13
ICCV 06306
12.49
21.73
17.11
51.33
17.11
ICCV 07304
30.55
47.66
39.10
117.31
39.10
ICCV 07306
27.08
35.45
31.29
93.82
31.27
ICCV 07307
23.60
38.45
31.02
93.07
31.02
ICCV 07309
6.25
8.34
7.29
21.88
7.29
ICCV 07312
34.71
43.52
39.11
117.34
39.11
ICCV 07313
21.52
27.50
24.51
73.53
24.51
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
37
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
109137.745 3763.371
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
398.516
199.258 87.999**
Error
58
2480.425
42.766
TOTAL
89
112016.686
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.41%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
38
38
Appendix Table 2. Days from planting to 50% flowering
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
67
64
64
195
65.0
ICCV 10
70
73
68
211
70.3
ICCV 93952
68
68
74
210
70.0
ICCV 93954
64
67
67
198
66.0
ICCV 94954
71
75
70
216
72.0
ICCV 06101
69
69
67
205
68.3
ICCV 06102
51
50
50
151
50.3
ICCV 06104
53
53
50
156
52.0
ICCV 06105
62
47
49
158
52.6
ICCV 06106
68
84
71
223
74.3
ICCV 06107
78
78
69
225
75.0
ICCV 06108
67
76
70
213
42.6
ICCV 07107
44
73
45
162
54.0
ICCV 07114
68
71
70
209
69.6
ICCV 07115
68
71
42
181
60.3
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
52
71
52
175
58.3
ICCV 92311
47
40
42
129
43.0
ICCV 92337
41
45
94
180
60.0
ICCV 95311
99
92
97
288
96.0
ICCV 95332
41
52
46
189
46.3
ICCV 95333
97
104
98
299
99.6
ICCV 95334
100
103
101
304
101.3
ICCV 06301
44
46
46
136
45.3
ICCV 06306
69
44
52
165
55.0
ICCV 07304
47
52
45
144
48.0
ICCV 07306
52
40
68
160
53.3
ICCV 07307
42
46
49
137
45.6
ICCV 07309
39
51
49
139
46.3
ICCV 07312
51
53
56
173
51.0
ICCV 07313
45
47
50
142
47.3
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
39
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
21876.667
754.368
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
84.067
42.033 9.883**
Error
58
4427.267
76.332
TOTAL
89
26388.000
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.47%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
40
40
Appendix Table 3. Average height at flowering (cm)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
41.53
51.63
56.00
149.16
49.72
ICCV 10
40.60
35.66
42.30
118.56
39.52
ICCV 93952
41.33
50.00
45.60
136.93
45.64
ICCV 93954
41.00
43.30
38.3
122.90
40.96
ICCV 94954
50.33
58.30
47.30
155.90
51.96
ICCV 06101
54.30
51.60
51.60
157.50
52.50
ICCV 06102
39.30
42.30
54.30
135.90
45.30
ICCV 06104
43.00
36.00
33.30
112.30
37.43
ICCV 06105
44.30
58.00
33.60
135.90
45.30
ICCV 06106
64.00
53.30
58.00
175.30
58.43
ICCV 06107
59.00
53.00
52.60
164.60
54.86
ICCV 06108
46.60
61.00
64.00
171.60
57.20
ICCV 07107
36.00
36.30
31.30
103.60
34.53
ICCV 07114
45.00
64.30
46.60
155.90
51.96
ICCV 07115
61.00
55.60
51.60
168.20
56.06
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
29.60
56.30
47.30
133.20
44.40
ICCV 92311
30.30
33.30
33.30
96.90
32.30
ICCV 92337
35.30
46.00
32.60
113.90
37.90
ICCV 95311
29.60
47.00
41.30
117.90
39.30
ICCV 95332
33.00
29.60
40.60
103.20
34.40
ICCV 95333
47.30
52.30
38.00
137.60
45.86
ICCV 95334
39.00
39.00
35.00
113.00
37.66
ICCV 06301
31.00
25.30
28.00
84.300
28.10
ICCV 06306
36.00
41.30
32.00
109.30
36.43
ICCV 07304
32.60
32.00
30.60
95.20
31.73
ICCV 07306
36.60
33.60
32.00
102.20
34.06
ICCV 07307
34.00
30.00
36.60
100.60
33.53
ICCV 07309
37.30
33.30
35.00
105.60
35.20
ICCV 07312
57.00
56.60
50.60
164.20
54.73
ICCV 07313
35.60
34.30
39.60
109.50
36.50
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
41
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
6753.207
232.869
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
160.877
80.438 6.524**
Error
58
2070.374
35.696
TOTAL
89
8984.458
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.47%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
42
42
Appendix Table 4. Final height (cm)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
58.66
71.66
63.66
194.98
64.66
ICCV 10
66.66
73.00
78.66
218.32
72.77
ICCV 93952
71.00
69.00
77.00
217.00
72.33
ICCV 93954
71.66
81.66
78.66
231.98
77.32
ICCV 94954
75.33
78.00
72.66
225.98
75.33
ICCV 06101
81.66
72.33
76.66
225.99
77.00
ICCV 06102
72.00
84.66
74.33
230.32
77.00
ICCV 06104
83.00
75.33
71.66
229.99
76.66
ICCV 06105
85.66
98.00
63.33
246.99
82.33
ICCV 06106
94.33
83.33
92.33
269.99
90.00
ICCV 06107
92.00
81.33
79.66
252.99
84.33
ICCV 06108
80.00
82.00
81.00
243.00
81.00
ICCV 07107
70.33
79.33
84.33
233.99
78.00
ICCV 07114
78.00
82.33
78.00
238.33
79.44
ICCV 07115
83.66
79.66
84.33
247.65
82.55
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
80.00
82.00
80.00
242.00
86.67
ICCV 92311
86.33
106.66
86.66
279.65
93.22
ICCV 92337
85.00
95.33
90.33
270.66
90.22
ICCV 95311
91.33
58.66
79.00
228.99
76.33
ICCV 95332
81.66
81.33
94.33
257.32
85.77
ICCV 95333
89.66
75.00
62.00
226.66
75.55
ICCV 95334
77.00
81.00
75.33
233.33
77.78
ICCV 06301
97.66
83.33
59.66
240.65
80.22
ICCV 06306
98.66
104.66
80.33
283.65
94.55
ICCV 07304
78.00
87.33
90.00
255.33
85.11
ICCV 07306
67.66
89.33
81.66
238.65
79.55
ICCV 07307
81.00
75.00
89.66
245.66
81.89
ICCV 07309
87.00
66.66
56.66
210.32
70.11
ICCV 07312
91.33
107.66
108.33
307.32
104.44
ICCV 07313
93.00
99.00
89.33
281.33
93.78
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
43
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
5635.196
194.317
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
191.663
95.831 2.371**
Error
58
4753.310
81.954
TOTAL
89
10580.169
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.37%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
44
44
Appendix Table 5. Days from planting to first harvest
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
129
129
129
387
129.00
ICCV 10
129
129
129
387
129.00
ICCV 93952
129
129
129
387
129.00
ICCV 93954
128
128
128
384
128.00
ICCV 94954
128
128
128
384
128.00
ICCV 06101
127
127
127
381
127.00
ICCV 06102
127
127
127
381
127.00
ICCV 06104
127
127
127
381
127.00
ICCV 06105
127
127
127
381
127.00
ICCV 06106
135
127
127
389
129.66
ICCV 06107
126
126
126
378
126.00
ICCV 06108
126
126
126
378
126.00
ICCV 07107
126
126
126
378
126.00
ICCV 07114
126
126
126
378
126.00
ICCV 07115
124
124
124
372
124.00
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 92311
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 92337
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 95311
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 95332
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 95333
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 95334
87
82
92
261
87.00
ICCV 06301
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 06306
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 07304
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 07306
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 07307
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 07309
122
122
122
366
122.00
ICCV 07312
122
122
122
366
122.00
ICCV 07313
122
122
122
366
122.00
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
45
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF F VALUE
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
4734.322
163.252 105.703**
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
3.089
1.544
Error
58
89.578
1.544
TOTAL
89
4826.989
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.03%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
46
46
Appendix Table 6. Mean number of lateral branches at flowering
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
2.33
1.33
1.66
5.32
1.77
ICCV 10
3.00
2.00
2.00
7.00
2.33
ICCV 93952
1.66
2.00
2.33
5.99
2.00
ICCV 93954
1.00
1.66
2.00
4.66
1.55
ICCV 94954
1.33
1.33
1.33
3.99
1.33
ICCV 06101
2.00
2.00
1.33
5.33
1.78
ICCV 06102
2.33
1.00
2.00
5.33
1.78
ICCV 06104
2.00
2.00
1.66
5.33
1.89
ICCV 06105
2.00
2.33
2.00
6.33
2.11
ICCV 06106
2.33
2.33
1.66
6.32
2.11
ICCV 06107
1.66
2.00
2.00
5.66
1.89
ICCV 06108
1.00
1.66
2.00
4.66
1.55
ICCV 07107
1.33
1.33
2.00
4.66
1.55
ICCV 07114
2.66
2.00
2.66
7.32
2.44
ICCV 07115
1.00
1.33
2.00
4.33
1.44
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
2.33
1.66
2.33
6.32
2.11
ICCV 92311
1.33
2.33
2.00
5.66
1.89
ICCV 92337
1.66
1.33
2.00
4.99
1.66
ICCV 95311
2.33
1.33
1.66
5.32
1.77
ICCV 95332
1.33
2.00
1.66
4.99
1.66
ICCV 95333
1.33
1.33
1.00
3.66
1.22
ICCV 95334
1.66
1.33
1.00
3.99
1.33
ICCV 06301
2.00
2.00
1.33
5.33
1.78
ICCV 06306
2.33
2.33
1.66
6.32
2.11
ICCV 07304
1.00
1.00
1.33
3.33
1.11
ICCV 07306
1.66
1.33
2.00
4.99
1.66
ICCV 07307
1.33
1.66
3.00
5.99
2.00
ICCV 07309
1.66
3.00
2.00
6.66
2.22
ICCV 07312
1.33
1.33
1.33
3.99
1.33
ICCV 07313
1.66
1.00
2.66
5.98
1.99
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
47
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
9.649
0.333
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
0.256
0.128 1.714*
Error
58
11.257
0.194
TOTAL
89
21.61
* - Significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.83%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
48
48
Appendix Table 7. Total number of harvest
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 10
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 93952
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 93954
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 94954
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06101
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06102
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06104
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06105
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06106
1
1
2
4
1.33
ICCV 06107
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06108
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07107
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07114
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07115
2
2
2
6
2.00
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 92311
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 92337
2
2
1
5
1.67
ICCV 95311
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 95332
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 95333
3
2
1
6
2.00
ICCV 95334
2
3
2
7
2.33
ICCV 06301
2
3
2
7
2.33
ICCV 06306
3
2
2
7
2.33
ICCV 07304
2
3
2
7
2.33
ICCV 07306
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07307
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07309
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07312
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07313
2
2
2
6
2.00
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
49
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
2.989
0.103
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
0.289
0.144 1.047ns
Error
58
5.711
0.098
TOTAL
89
8.989
ns - Not significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.52%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
50
50
Appendix Table 8. Number of filled pods produced per plant
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
198.33
223.30
291.30
712.93
237.64
ICCV 10
529.60
52.30
200.30
782.20
260.73
ICCV 93952
212.30
169.00
304.30
685.63
228.53
ICCV 93954
184.60
60.60
366.30
611.50
203.83
ICCV 94954
20.60
115.60
134.30
270.50
90.17
ICCV 06101
21.60
179.60
116.60
317.80
105.93
ICCV 06102
299.60
211.60
234.30
695.50
231.83
ICCV 06104
119.60
369.30
221.30
710.20
236.73
ICCV 06105
30.30
89.00
76.60
195.90
65.30
ICCV 06106
39.30
14.30
96.00
149.60
49.87
ICCV 06107
70.00
94.66
152.30
316.96
105.65
ICCV 06108
236.30
86.00
170.30
492.60
164.20
ICCV 07107
49.00
10.60
28.60
88.20
29.40
ICCV 07114
293.60
89.60
179.30
562.50
187.50
ICCV 07115
78.00
221.30
147.00
446.30
148.77
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
186.00
90.00
88.30
364.00
121.33
ICCV 92311
74.00
93.30
9.30
297.90
99.30
ICCV 92337
223.30
42.60
0.60
267.20
89.07
ICCV 95311
87.60
56.00
18.30
198.20
66.07
ICCV 95332
85.30
86.30
13.00
368.20
122.73
ICCV 95333
284.60
89.00
0.30
375.60
125.20
ICCV 95334
37.80
40.80
34.80
113.40
37.80
ICCV 06301
180.00
90.30
27.60
427.30
142.43
ICCV 06306
228.30
82.00
16.30
436.90
145.63
ICCV 07304
219.00
131.60
33.60
450.20
150.07
ICCV 07306
82.00
93.30
57.30
228.30
76.20
ICCV 07307
109.30
128.00
34.60
398.30
132.77
ICCV 07309
187.00
123.00
3.60
317.30
105.77
ICCV 07312
89.60
101.30
35.60
213.20
77.07
ICCV 07313
266.00
24.00
58.60
109.20
36.40
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
51
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
375310.761 12941.750
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
23164.768 11582.384 1.906*
Error
58
393773.691 6789.202
TOTAL
89
792249.290
* - Significant
Coefficient of variation = 2.13%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
52
52
Appendix Table 9. Number of unfilled pods produced per plant
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
48.33
54.30
10.30
112.90
37.64
ICCV 10
88.66
17.33
35.30
141.29
47.10
ICCV 93952
62.30
66.33
61.30
189.90
63.32
ICCV 93954
32.30
11.30
11.00
54.60
18.20
ICCV 94954
11.30
35.30
91.00
137.60
45.87
ICCV 06101
37.30
104.00
29.30
170.60
56.87
ICCV 06102
31.00
52.30
180.00
263.30
87.77
ICCV 06104
42.30
17.00
28.00
87.30
29.10
ICCV 06105
34.60
27.00
12.13
73.90
24.58
ICCV 06106
34.30
16.00
48.00
98.30
32.77
ICCV 06107
18.30
25.00
38.00
81.30
27.10
ICCV 06108
46.00
38.60
12.00
96.60
32.20
ICCV 07107
32.30
8.00
43.60
83.90
27.97
ICCV 07114
95.60
46.60
63.60
205.80
68.60
ICCV 07115
37.30
97.30
70.00
204.60
68.20
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
34.00
15.00
88.30
137.30
45.77
ICCV 92311
15.30
12.60
9.30
37.20
12.40
ICCV 92337
18.00
19.30
0.60
37.90
12.63
ICCV 95311
29.60
4.00
18.30
51.90
17.30
ICCV 95332
24.00
45.30
13.00
82.30
27.45
ICCV 95333
23.00
20.00
0.30
43.30
14.43
ICCV 95334
14.00
10.00
18.00
42.00
14.00
ICCV 06301
47.00
46.60
27.60
121.20
40.40
ICCV 06306
43.00
25.60
16.30
84.90
28.30
ICCV 07304
7.00
26.30
33.60
66.90
22.30
ICCV 07306
47.60
37.60
57.30
142.50
47.50
ICCV 07307
4.30
22.00
34.60
609.00
20.30
ICCV 07309
32.30
25.60
3.60
61.50
20.50
ICCV 07312
51.30
41.60
35.60
128.50
42.83
ICCV 07313
28.60
23.00
22.00
73.60
24.53
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
53
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
31393.849 1082.547
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
252.879
126.439 1.750*
Error
58
35875.047
618.535
TOTAL
89
67521.776
* - Significant
Coefficient of variation = 2.35%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
54
54
Appendix Table 10. Mean yield per plant
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
40.20
44.80
46.80
131.80
43.90
ICCV 10
75.06
39.60
32.20
146.80
48.95
ICCV 93952
45.10
3.20
73.50
121.80
40.60
ICCV 93954
26.20
7.30
49.20
82.70
27.57
ICCV 94954
3.03
17.00
14.40
34.40
11.48
ICCV 06101
16.20
55.20
25.40
96.80
32.27
ICCV 06102
72.30
42.80
39.06
154.16
51.39
ICCV 06104
21.70
73.70
32.08
128.20
42.73
ICCV 06105
32.20
19.10
20.50
71.80
23.93
ICCV 06106
5.93
2.50
16.00
24.43
8.14
ICCV 06107
12.70
17.70
29.80
60.20
20.07
ICCV 06108
45.90
16.30
29.80
92.00
30.67
ICCV 07107
9.20
1.30
2.40
12.90
4.30
ICCV 07114
39.60
12.60
30.20
84.40
27.47
ICCV 07115
13.90
39.20
31.16
84.26
28.08
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
25.16
13.70
16.60
55.40
18.49
ICCV 92311
21.30
28.40
47.23
96.93
32.31
ICCV 92337
70.80
11.00
0.20
82.00
27.33
ICCV 95311
10.60
37.00
15.40
63.00
21.00
ICCV 95332
23.20
20.40
76.30
119.90
39.97
ICCV 95333
88.00
31.10
0.40
119.50
39.83
ICCV 95334
54.30
49.30
59.30
162.90
54.30
ICCV 06301
55.60
23.80
25.50
104.90
34.97
ICCV 06306
53.70
20.80
38.20
112.70
37.57
ICCV 07304
117.50
11.50
26.80
155.80
51.93
ICCV 07306
16.10
23.30
10.80
50.20
16.73
ICCV 07307
47.40
45.50
56.50
149.40
49.80
ICCV 07309
41.50
34.40
2.10
78.00
26.00
ICCV 07312
21.30
23.80
8.60
53.70
17.90
ICCV 07313
13.40
8.60
13.50
35.50
11.82
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
55
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARES
VALUE 0.05
0.01
FREEDOM
Replication
29
15779.731512
544.12867 2.12**
1.65 2.03
Treatment
2
1895.12277556 947.56138778
Error
58
25919.24129111
TOTAL
89
43594.095578
** – Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 68.26%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
56
56
Appendix Table 11. Total yield per plot (kg)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
1.1298 1.43966 0.81994
3.3894
1.13
ICCV 10
1.198
1.59570
0.8003
3.5940
1.20
ICCV 93952
1.3023 1.73630
0.8683
3.9069
1.32
ICCV 93954
0.8168 1.07230
0.5613
2.4504
0.82
ICCV 94954
0.5362 0.71480
0.3576
1.6086
0.54
ICCV 06101
0.6081 0.81060
0.4056
1.8243
0.61
ICCV 06102
0.9123 1.21630
0.6083
2.7369
0.91
ICCV 06104
1.0566 1.40870
0.7045
3.1698
1.06
ICCV 06105
0.755
1.00660
0.5034
2.2650
0.76
ICCV 06106
0.3259 0.43440
0.2174
0.9777
0.33
ICCV 06107
0.8482 1.13080
0.5656
2.5496
0.85
ICCV 06108
1.0490 1.39850
0.6995
3.1470
1.05
ICCV 07107
0.4006 0.50740
0.2938
1.2018
0.40
ICCV 07114
0.9412 1.25490
0.6275
2.8336
0.44
ICCV 07115
0.6670 0.88920
0.0444
2.0002
0.67
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
0.6254 0.83380
0.4170
1.8762
0.63
ICCV 92311
0.9651 1.28670
0.6435
2.8953
0.97
ICCV 92337
0.3940 0.54190
0.2461
1.1820
0.39
ICCV 95311
0.5715 0.71010
0.4329
4.7145
0.57
ICCV 95332
0.8374 1.11660
0.5582
2.5122
0.84
ICCV 95333
0.4332 0.57760
0.2888
1.2996
0.43
ICCV 95334
0.7140 0.61400
0.6900
2.0180
0.67
ICCV 06301
0.9900 1.32000
0.6600
2.9700
0.99
ICCV 06306
0.8342 1.11220
0.5562
2.5026
0.83
ICCV 07304
0.9138 1.21830
0.6093
2.7414
0.91
ICCV 07306
0.6666 0.88850
0.4447
1.9998
0.67
ICCV 07307
1.3070 1.74260
0.8714
3.9210
1.31
ICCV 07309
0.6209 0.82770
0.4141
1.0627
0.62
ICCV 07312
0.5242 0.69890
0.3495
1.5726
0.52
ICCV 07313
0.4419 0.58910
0.2947
1.3257
0.44
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
57
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
6.501
0.224
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
3.622
1.811 19.998**
Error
58
0.650
0.011
TOTAL
89
10.773
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.45%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
58
58
Appendix Table 12. Mean yield per hectare
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
1129.80 1439.66
819.94
3389.4
1129.80
ICCV 10
1198.00 1595.70
800.30
3594.0
1198.00
ICCV 93952
1302.30 1736.30
868.30
3906.6
1302.30
ICCV 93954
816.80 1072.30
561.30
2450.4
816.80
ICCV 94954
536.20
714.80
357.60
1608.6
536.20
ICCV 06101
608.10
810.60
405.60
1824.3
608.10
ICCV 06102
912.30 1216.30
608.30
2736.9
912.30
ICCV 06104
1056.60 1408.70
704.50
3169.8
1056.60
ICCV 06105
755.00 1006.60
303.40
226.5
755.00
ICCV 06106
325.90
434.40
217.40
977.7
325.90
ICCV 06107
848.20 1130.80
565.60
2544.6
848.20
ICCV 06108
1049.00 1398.50
699.50
3147.0
1049.00
ICCV 07107
400.60
507.40
293.80
1201.0
400.60
ICCV 07114
941.20 1254.90
627.50
28.33.6
941.20
ICCV 07115
667.00
889.20
444.00
2000.2
666.73
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
625.40
833.80
417.00
1876.2
625.40
ICCV 92311
965.10 1286.70
643.50
2895.3
965.10
ICCV 92337
394.00
541.90
246.10
1182.0
394.00
ICCV 95311
571.50
710.10
432.90
1714.5
571.50
ICCV 95332
837.40 1116.60
558.20
2512.2
837.40
ICCV 95333
433.20
577.60
288.80
1299.6
433.20
ICCV 95334
714.00
614.00
690.00
2018.0
672.67
ICCV 06301
990.00 1320.00
660.00
2970.0
990.00
ICCV 06306
834.20 1112.20
556.200
2502.6
834.20
ICCV 07304
913.80 1218.30
609.30
27414.0
613.80
ICCV 07306
666.60
888.50
444.70
1999.8
666.60
ICCV 07307
1307.00 1742.60
871.40
3921.0
1307.00
ICCV 07309
620.90
827.70
414.10
1862.7
620.90
ICCV 07312
524.20
698.90
349.50
1572.6
524.20
ICCV 07313
441.90
589.10
294.70
1325.7
441.90
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
59
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES
SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
6501116.751 224176.440 19.998**
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
3621566.963 180783.483
Error
58
650189.349 11210.161
TOTAL
89
10772873.063
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.45%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
60
60
Appendix Table 13. Weight of 100 seeds (g)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
14.2
15
14.8
44.0
14.67
ICCV 10
15.0
13
11.7
39.7
13.23
ICCV 93952
19.5
21
22.5
63.0
21.00
ICCV 93954
17.9
17.3
18.0
53.2
17.73
ICCV 94954
20.7
20.5
22.1
63.3
21.10
ICCV 06101
20.6
20.8
22.7
64.1
21.37
ICCV 06102
21.0
21.7
19.3
62.0
20.67
ICCV 06104
17.2
17.4
17.9
52.5
17.50
ICCV 06105
35.4
36.6
38.4
110.4
36.80
ICCV 06106
18.2
18.5
18.5
55.2
18.40
ICCV 06107
22.7
22.0
22.7
67.4
22.47
ICCV 06108
23.4
22.5
22.7
68.6
22.87
ICCV 07107
15.8
15.4
15.3
46.5
15.50
ICCV 07114
25.7
22.1
24.6
72.4
24.13
ICCV 07115
15.3
16.3
16.8
48.4
16.13
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
20.4
20.8
21.1
62.3
20.77
ICCV 92311
35.7
32.7
36.0
104.4
34.80
ICCV 92337
23.0
23.2
28.6
74.8
24.93
ICCV 95311
26.1
26.7
25.4
78.2
26.07
ICCV 95332
30.1
29.1
28.0
87.4
29.07
ICCV 95333
23.7
27.6
27.7
79.0
26.33
ICCV 95334
2.44
23.4
25.6
73.4
24.47
ICCV 06301
23.7
25.1
27.1
75.9
25.30
ICCV 06306
22.3
24.3
25.0
71.6
23.87
ICCV 07304
28.4
28.8
26.4
83.6
27.87
ICCV 07306
30.6
23.7
23.2
77.5
25.83
ICCV 07307
39.1
33.2
32.2
104.5
34.83
ICCV 07309
25.6
31.2
26.8
83.6
27.87
ICCV 07312
28.8
22.0
22.8
73.6
24.53
ICCV 07313
27.2
25.1
27.7
80.0
26.67
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
61
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
2911.371
100.392
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
4.770
2.385 30.046**
Error
58
193.797
3.341
TOTAL
89
3109.938
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.26%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
62
62
Appendix Table 14. Germination test (%)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
72.00
42.00
70.00
184.00
61.33
ICCV 10
48.00
40.00
46.00
134.00
49.67
ICCV 93952
14.00
32.00
30.00
76.00
25.33
ICCV 93954
80.00
82.00
82.00
244.00
81.33
ICCV 94954
66.00
66.00
84.00
216.00
72.00
ICCV 06101
80.00
62.00
30.00
172.00
57.33
ICCV 06102
82.00
94.00
86.00
262.00
87.33
ICCV 06104
74.00
44.00
62.00
180.00
60.00
ICCV 06105
62.00
64.00
78.00
204.00
68.00
ICCV 06106
32.00
28.00
52.00
112.00
37.33
ICCV 06107
26.00
38.00
28.00
92.00
30.67
ICCV 06108
54.00
38.00
58.00
150.00
50.00
ICCV 07107
78.00
76.00
84.00
238.00
79.33
ICCV 07114
70..00
82.00
76.00
228.00
76.00
ICCV 07115
58.00
56.00
68.00
182.00
60.67
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
90.00
84.00
88.00
262.00
87.33
ICCV 92311
53.00
60.00
74.00
186.00
62.00
ICCV 92337
64.00
56.00
64.00
184.00
61.33
ICCV 95311
94.00
88.00
78.00
260.00
86.67
ICCV 95332
84.00
68.00
70.00
222.00
74.00
ICCV 95333
72.00
56.00
62.00
190.00
63.33
ICCV 95334
49.33
44.33
56.33
149.90
50.00
ICCV 06301
54.00
72.00
58.00
184.00
61.33
ICCV 06306
68.00
60.00
80.00
208.00
69.33
ICCV 07304
64.00
48.00
48.00
166.00
53.33
ICCV 07306
50.00
48.00
56.00
154.00
51.33
ICCV 07307
30.00
36.00
44.00
110.00
36.67
ICCV 07309
72.00
76.00
60.00
208.00
69.33
ICCV 07312
70.00
62.00
54.00
186.00
62.00
ICCV 07313
66.00
84.00
80.00
230.00
76.67
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
63
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
23246.637
801.608
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
258.689
129.344 5.500**
Error
58
5469.978
94.310
TOTAL
89
28975.304
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.52%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
DOMINGUEZ, FE A. OCTOBER 2009. Germplasm Collection and Evaluation
of Chickpea Accessions Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Fernando R. Gonzales, PhD.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to evaluate and characterize thirty (30) chickpea
accessions from International Crops Research for Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) in
Benguet specifically at La Trinidad and to identify accessions of chickpea adapted under
La Trinidad, Benguet.
Results revealed that Desi Type accessions had significantly higher field
emergence percentage than the Kabuli types. ICCV 06108 were significantly the earliest
to produce flower compared to the other accessions evaluated. ICCV 06106 (Desi Type)
was significantly taller at flowering stage and at final height. Kabuli type ICCV 95334
were the earliest to be harvested after 87 days while ICCV 07115 was the earliest among
the Desi Type after 124 days. As to the number of lateral branches produced at
flowering, ICCV 07114 produced the most lateral branches while ICCV 07304 produced
the least number of lateral branches. There were no significant differences on the total
number of harvest.
Desi type ICCV 10 significantly attained the highest number of filled pods with a
mean of 237.64/plant while ICCV 92311 a kabuli type had the lowest filled pods with a
mean of 36.40/plant. Desi type ICCV 06102 significantly had the highest number of
unfilled pods with a mean of 87.77/plant while Kabuli type ICCV 92311 had the lowest
with a mean of 12.40/plant.
Kabuli type ICCV 95334 had the highest mean yield per plant with a mean of
54.30 while Desi type ICCV 07107 had the lowest yield per plant with a mean of 4.30 g.
As to the yield per plot and yield per hectare, ICCV 07307 significantly
outyielded all the accessions evaluated. ICCV 06105 had significantly heavier 100 seed
weight (36.80) while ICCV 10 had the lowest (13.23) Desi type (ICCV 06102) and
Kabuli type (ICCV 2) had the highest percentage germination under laboratory condition.
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
MATERIALS AND METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Field Emergence (%). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Days from Planting to 50% Flowering (cm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
Average Height at Flowering (cm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Final Height (cm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
Days from Planting to First Harvest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
Mean Number of Lateral Branches at Flowering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
Total Number of Harvest or Picking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
Number of Filled and Unfilled Pods Produced Per Plant. . . . . . . . . . . .
23
Seed Yield Per Plant (g). . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
Total Yield Per Plot (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Total Yield Per Hectare (kg) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
Weight of 100 Seeds (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
Germination Test (%) . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
Pest and Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
iii
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. . . . . . . . . . . .
33
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
iv
INTRODUCTION
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an ancient crop that has been grown in India, the
Middle East and parts of Africa for many years. It has been grown in Turkey nearly
7,400 years ago. Much of the world’s chickpea supply (8090%) comes from India where
poor soil use of unimproved varieties and low rainfall results in yields averaging about
700 lb/acre (Anonymous, 2007).
Chickpea is a temperature crop. Crop improvement efforts have improved
adaptation of chickpea to warmer conditions in the subtropics. The two most common
types of chickpea are the white-seeded “Kabuli” and “Desi”. The “Kabuli” types are
mostly grown in WAHA, the Americas and Europe, while the “Desi” types predominate
in Asia, parts of Africa and Australia (Smithson et al., 1985).
The plant grows to between 20 and 50 cm high and has small feathery leaves on
either side of the stem. One seedpod contains two or three peas. The flowers are white
or sometimes reddish-blue. Chickpeas need a subtropical or tropical climate with more
than 400 mm of annual rain. They can be grown in a temperate climate but yield will be
much lower (Vander Maesen et al., 1972).
Chickpea mature in 3-7 months and leaves turn brown or yellow during maturity.
For dry seeds, the plants are harvested at maturity by cutting them close to the ground or
uprooting. Chickpeas are usually stored in bags, but are more subject to insect damage
than when stored in bulk (Anonymous, 2007).
Chickpea is consumed as a dry crop or as green vegetable with the former use
being most common. Seeds average about 20% protein, 5% fat and 55% carbohydrate
(Anonymous, 2007).
Germplasm Col ection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
2
Common uses in United States are in soups, vegetable combinations, or as a
component of fresh salads in restaurant salad bars. Some livestock feeding trials have
been conducted and these show chickpea to be a good source of protein for feeds, except
that the amino acids methionine and cystine are deficient (Anonymous, 2007).
Many popular Indian dishes are made with chickpea flour, such as mirchi bajji
and mirapakaya bajji telugu. In India, unripe chickpeas are often picked out of the pod
and eaten as raw snack and the leaves are eaten as a green vegetable in salads. Chickpea
flour is also used to make “Burmese tofu” which was first known among the Shan people
of Burma. The flour is also used as a batter to coat various vegetables and meats before
frying, such as with panelle, a chickpea fritter from Sicily. In the Philippines, garbanzo
beans preserved in syrup are eaten as sweets and in desserts such as for halo-halo(Singh,
1983).
The objectives of the study were:
1. To evaluate and select the chickpea accessions from ICRISAT adapted under
La Trinidad, Benguet.
2. To evaluate the resistance of the different chickpea accessions to pests and
diseases.
This study was conducted at Benguet State University experimental station,
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet from October 2008 to February 2009.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Botany of Chickpea
Taxonomy, morphology and floral biology. Cicer, which was classified under
Vicieae alef, was later reported to belong to monogeneric tribe, Cicereae. The Genus
includes nine (9) annuals and thirty four (34) perennial herbs. Cross ability and fertility
of hybrids in inter specific crosses have been used as a basis to classify the annuals into 4
cross ability groups. The first group includes the cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum
L.) and C. reticulatum. Chickpea plants can be described as “stems are branched, erect,
or spreading, sometimes shrubby much branched, 0.2-1 m tall, glandular pubescent with
3-8 pairs of leaflets and a top leaflets; leaflets ovate to elliptic, 0.6-2.0 cm long, 0.3-1.4
cm wide, margin serrate, apex acuminate to aristate, base cuneate, stipules 2-5 toothed,
stipules absent.
Kabuli (large seeded 800 seeds/lb) varieties are generally taller than the desi
(small-seeded = 1500 seed/lb) varieties.
Flowers (self pollinated) are borne in groups of two or three are ½ to 1 inch long
and come in purple, white pink or blue color depending upon variety. Each flower
produces a short, pubescent pod which in ¾ to increase long and which appear to be
inflated. One or two seeds are present in each pod. The seeds come with either rough or
smooth surfaces and can be crème, yellow, brown or green in color.
Climatic Requirements
Chickpea can grow in medium and high altitudes of more than 800 m. It is
typically adapted to cooler seasons after the monsoon at higher latitudes and the sub-
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
4
tropics, also at lower altitudes. Chickpea seedlings are even known to survive from snow
cover. The drought assistant species withstand the largest temperate amplitudes. Bright
sunshine is essential for growth and fertilization of semi and pulses-cloudy weather
harms first setting in chickpea. Long duration climbers such as yam beans and velvet
beans may tolerate shade and moist conditions (Masen and Somaatjmadja, 1990).
The plant is a winter season crop but severs cold and frost is injurious to it. Forst
at the time of flowering, results in the failure of the flowers to develop seeds, or the
killing of the seeds inside pod. It is generally grown under rain conditions but gives good
returns in irrigated conditions as well. Excessive rains soon after sowing or at flowering
and fruiting or hailstorm at ripening cause heavy loss. It is best suited to areas having
moderate rainfall of 60-90 centimeter per annum (Singh, 1983).
Chickpea is a cool season annual crop performing optimally in 210 to 270oF day
temperatures and 640 to 70oF night temperatures.
They produce good yield in drier conditions because of their deep tap root.
Heavier rainfall seasons (over 30 inches annually) show reduced yields due to disease
outbreaks and stem lodging problems from the excessive vegetative growth. Areas with a
welt distributed rainfall pattern produced the highest yield and quality chickpea seed
(Anon., 2007).
Importance of Selecting Varieties
Selection of the variety to be planted is one of the most important decisions the
commercial vegetable grower must take each season. Considering the yield performance,
the variety has the potential crop at least equivalent to these already grown. It must also
perform well under a range of environmental conditions usually encountered on
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
5
individual farms, possess excellent resistant against pests, diseases and harvested product
have the quality characteristics desired by the packers, shippers, wholesalers, retailer and
consumer which include size, shape, flavor and nutritional quality (Lorenz and Maynard,
1986). Currently large seeded, lighter colored seed types of chickpea are preferred for
soup and salad bar uses.
In addition, Lorenz and Maynard (1986) mentioned the importance of good seed
of the right variety of strain suitable for the locality should not be overlooked. Some
variety produce extremely well under one set of condition but because worthless in
another condition. Knott (1989) supported this when he started that certain variety of
crops do well in one distinct and be worthless in another condition.
Furthermore, Villareal (1969) explained that planting of good seeds are essential
to the success as the growing vegetable. Planting vegetable variety except the best
variety adapted to the environmental in which it will grow unnecessary limit the potential
for the high yield and profits even before the fruit seed is planted.
Harvesting
Chickpeas mature in 3-7 months and the leaves turn yellow/brown during
maturity. For dry seeds, the plants are harvested at maturity or slightly earlier by cutting
them close to the ground or uprooting. The plants are stacked in the field for a few days
to dry and later the crop is threshed by trampling or beating with wooden flais. The chart
is separated from the grain by winnowing. Tall cultivars are suitable for mechanized are
more subject to insect damage than when stored in bulk. Proper cleaning, drying and
aeration are necessary to control seed beetles. A thin coating with vegetable oil can
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
6
reduce storage damage. Sometimes baskets, made from twisted rice straw, are used as
storage containers.
Field Cultivation
Chickpeas are propagated from seeds. “Seed is broadcast or (more often) drilled
in rows 25-60 cm apart, spaced at 10 cm between seeds, at a depth of 2-12 cm with soil
well pressed down. Soil is worked into a rough filth, clods broken and field-leveled.
Seed is sown in spring when the ground has warmed or when the rains recede depending
on the region (Smithson et al., 1985). Seedling rates vary from 25-40 kg/ha to 80-120
kg/ha, depending on the area and seed type. Chickpea may be cultivated as a sole crop,
or mixed with barley, lathyms (grass pea), linseed, mustard, peas, corn, coffe, safflower,
potato, sweet potato, sorghum, or wheat. In rotation is often follows wheat, barley, rice,
or tet (Van der Maesen et al., 1972). In India, chickpeas are also grown as a catch crop in
sugarcane fields and often as a second crop after rice. Although usually considered a dry
land crop, develop well on rice lands.
In most areas, chickpeas are inter-cultivated once about 3-4 weeks after sowing;
thereafter the crop develops enough shade to smother weeds. In other areas light
weeding are recommended. On poor soils, manure or compost is beneficial. Seed
inoculation improves yield only for crops grown for the first time or after rice, where
Rhizobium populations are naturally low or absent. Irrigation at 45 and 75 days after
planting is useful (Duke, 1981). Fertilizers or manure have often failed to increase yields
substantially because of fixation of P by soils and the accumulation of nutrients in the
upper layer of the soil which are often dry.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
7
Soil Requirement
Legume crops can be grown in any type of soil provided water is available. They
perform best in soil that is granular, fertile, well drained and relatively free from
nematodes and fusarium diseases. Clay loam soil is probably the best type for
commercial production. They thrive in moderately acidic soil with a range of 50-60
(PCARRD, 1975).
Chickpea does best on fertile sandy loam soils with good internal drainage. Good
drainage is necessary because even short period of flooded or water logged fields reduce
growth and increase susceptibility to root and stem roots.
Seed Preparation and Germination
Seed quality certified chickpea seed should always be used. This seed should be
high in germination percentage (over 85%) free from damage and free of weed seeds.
Good quality seeds do not need to be treated with an insecticide or fungicide, but if you
have had past problems with Pythium or R/zizoctonia rots in your fields, you may need to
treat your seeds prior to planting (Anonymous, 2007).
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
8
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials
The materials used in the study were seeds of chickpea, garden tools, record book
and identifying pegs.
Methods
This study was conducted at La Trinidad, Benguet. Thirty chickpea accessions
from ICRISAT was introduced and evaluated. The study was laid out in randomized
complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. There were three plots per
treatment measuring 1 x 3 m plot. Two furrows were made within the plot at 30 cm apart
where the inorganic fertilizer were applied evenly and mixed with the soil before sowing.
The seeds were planted singly at a distance of 40 cm between rows and 20 cm between
hills. Three sample plants per accession was characterized.
The treatments were as follows:
Chickpea accessions from International Crops Research Institute for semi arid
tropics (ICRISAT).
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
T1 – ICCC 37
T16 – ICCV2
T2 – ICCV 10
T17 – ICCV 92311
T3 – ICCV 93952
T18 – ICCV 92337
T4 – ICCV 93954
T19 – ICCV 95311
T5 – ICCV 94954
T20 – ICCV 95332
T6 – ICCV 06101
T21 – ICCV 95333
T7 – ICCV 06102
T22 – ICCV 95334
T8 – ICCV 06104
T23 – ICCV 06301
T9 – ICCV 06105
T24 – ICCV 06306
T10 – ICCV 06106
T25 – ICCV 07304
T11 – ICCV 06107
T26 – ICCV 07306
T12 – ICCV 06108
T27 – ICCV 07307
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
9
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
T13 – ICCV 07107
T28 – ICCV 07309
T14 – ICCV 07114
T29 – ICCV 07312
T15 – ICCV 07115
T30 – ICCV 07313
Care and Maintenance
Care and maintenance were done to all samples throughout the duration of the
study.
Data Gathered
The data gathered were as follows:
A. Vegetable Growth
1. Field emergence (%). This was recorded 15 days from sowing seeds.
Number of Seeds Germinated
Percentage Emergence = x 100
Number of Seed Sown
2. Days from planting to 50% flowering. This was taken when 50% of
the plant population reaches flowering stage.
3. Average height at flowering (cm). This was taken at flowering stage
(first flowers).
4. Final height. This was taken at full grown stage (75% pod
development).
5. Days from planting to first harvest. This was noted on the first harvest
of pods.
6. Mean number of lateral branches at flowering. This was taken at
flowering (first flowers).
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
10
7. Total number of harvest. This was the total number of harvesting done
for one cropping season.
B. Yield
1. Mean number of filled and unfilled pods produced per plant. This was
the total number of pods produced by sample plants divided by number of sample
plants.
2. Mean yield per plant (g). This was taken using the formula:
Total Yield of Samples
Mean Yield Per Plant =
Number of Sample
3. Total yield per plot (kg). Total yield of the experimental plot.
4. Total yield per hectare (t/ha). Yield of experimental plot (10 m2)
(1000).
C. Seed Quality
1. Weight of 100 seeds (g). This was taken at 10% moisture content.
2. Germination test. This was conducted one month prior to seed storage
using the Petri dish method.
D. Incidence of Pests and Diseases
1. Insect pest. Insect that infested the plant during the cropping season
was noted and identified during the vegetative and reproductive stages of plant growth.
2. Diseases. Plant diseases observed during the cropping season was
recorded and the causal/organism will be identified including the degree of infestation.
3. Natural condition biotic stress susceptibility.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
11
E. Meteorological data. Figures 1 to 4 are graphical illustrations of the following
data gathered throughout the duration of the study:
1. Temperature (oC)
2. Relative humidity (%)
3. Sunlight duration
4. Rainfall
F. Documentation. Figures 6 to 10 show a documentation of the experimental
area from seed set-up to harvesting.
22.6
22.4
22.2
22
o
C
)
21.8
u
r
e ( 21.6
at 21.4
p
er 21.2
21
T
em
20.8
20.6
20.4
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Month
Figure 1. Average temperature (minimum + maximum) (oC)
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
12
86.5
86
) 85.5
t
(
%
85
cen
P
er 84.5
84
83.5
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Month
Figure 2. Relative humidity (%)
450
400
350
300
250
i
n
u
t
e
s
200
M 150
100
50
0
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Month
Figure 3. Light duration (min.)
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
13
70
60
50
e
n
t
h
s
40
f
T
30
i
n
u
t
e
s
o
20
M
10
0
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Month
Figure 4. Rainfall (mins. of tenths)
Figure 5. Set-up of the seeds sown
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
14
Figure 6. Experimental area
Figure 7. Flowering stage
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
15
Figure 8. Pod setting stage
Figure 9. Harvesting stage
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
16
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Field Emergence
The field emergence as presented in Table 1 showed that there were highly
significant differences among the accessions used. Accessions ICCV 06104 and ICCV
94954 (Desi type) had significantly the highest percentage field emergence of 98.26%
Kabuli accessions had significantly lower percentage emergence.
Result shows that Desi type accessions had higher percentage field emergence
which Kabuli types had generally lower field emergence under La Trinidad, Benguet.
Table 1. Field emergence
FIELD
FIELD
TREATMENT
EMERGENCE
TREATMENT
EMERGENCE
(%)
(%)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
89.23b
ICCV 2
3.47f
ICCV 10
86.15c
ICCV 92311
20.13f
ICCV 93952
89.23b
ICCV 92337
20.88f
ICCV 93954
85.28c
ICCV 95311
35.56e
ICCV 94954
97.57a
ICCV 95332
10.67f
ICCV 06101
85.54c
ICCV 95333
4.51f
ICCV 06102
90.62b
ICCV 95334
1.38f
ICCV 06104
98.26a
ICCV 06301
28.13f
ICCV 06105
76.90d`
ICCV 06306
17.11f
ICCV 06106
88.88c
ICCV 07304
39.10e
ICCV 06107
83.68c
ICCV 07306
31.27e
ICCV 06108
72.57d
ICCV 07307
31.02e
ICCV 07107
70.48d
ICCV 07309
7.29f
ICCV 07114
77.77d
ICCV 07312
39.11e
ICCV 07115
90.27b
ICCV 07313
24.51f
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
17
Days from Planting to 50% Flowering
The number of days from planting to flowering is shown in Table 2. Statistical
analysis revealed that there were highly significant differences among the accessions
used. Result showed that ICCV 06108 , a Desi type were the earliest to flower after 42.6
days but were comparable with ICCV 92311 while ICCV 95334 a Kabuli type were the
latest to flower after 101.3 days.
These results agrees that varietal evaluation is important to observe the
performance character such as yield, earliness to flower, vigor, maturity and keeping
quality because different variety have wide ranges performance (Work and Carew, 1955).
Table 2. Days from planting to 50% flowering
DAYS FROM
DAYS FROM
PLANTING TO
PLANTING TO
TREATMENT
50% FLOWERING
TREATMENT
50% FLOWERING
(cm)
(cm)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
65.0d
ICCV 2
58.3d
ICCV 10
70.3c
ICCV 92311
43.0f
ICCV 93952
70.0e
ICCV 92337
60.0d
ICCV 93954
66.0d
ICCV 95311
96.0b
ICCV 94954
72.0c
ICCV 95332
46.3f
ICCV 06101
68.3c
ICCV 95333
99.6b
ICCV 06102
50.3e
ICCV 95334
101.3a
ICCV 06104
52.0e
ICCV 06301
45.3f
ICCV 06105
52.6e
ICCV 06306
55.0d
ICCV 06106
74.3c
ICCV 07304
48.0e
ICCV 06107
75.0c
ICCV 07306
53.3e
ICCV 06108
42.6f
ICCV 07307
45.6f
ICCV 07107
54.0e
ICCV 07309
46.3f
ICCV 07114
69.6c
ICCV 07312
51.0e
ICCV 07115
60.3d
ICCV 07313
47.3f
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
18
Average Height at Flowering (cm)
Highly significant differences were obtained on the average height at flowering
stage. As shown in Table 3, ICCV 06106, a Desi type was the tallest among the
accessions at flowering with a mean of 58.43 cm, while ICCV 06301 was the shortest
with a mean of 28.1 cm. Generally, Desi type accession were taller than Kabuli type at
flowering stage.
The observed differences among the chickpea accessions indicate their
differential adaptability to local conditions as well as their inherent height potential
(Anonymous, 2007).
Table 3. Average height at flowering (cm)
AVE. HEIGHT AT
AVE. HEIGHT AT
FLOWERING
FLOWERING
TREATMENT
(cm)
TREATMENT
(cm)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
49.72c
ICCV 2
44.40c
ICCV 10
39.52d
ICCV 92311
32.30d
ICCV 93952
45.64c
ICCV 92337
37.90d
ICCV 93954
40.96c
ICCV 95311
39.30d
ICCV 94954
51.96b
ICCV 95332
34.40d
ICCV 06101
52.50d
ICCV 95333
45.86c
ICCV 06102
45.30c
ICCV 95334
37.66d
ICCV 06104
37.43d
ICCV 06301
28.10d
ICCV 06105
45.30c
ICCV 06306
36.43d
ICCV 06106
58.43a
ICCV 07304
31.73d
ICCV 06107
54.86b
ICCV 07306
34.06d
ICCV 06108
57.20a
ICCV 07307
33.53d
ICCV 07107
34.53d
ICCV 07309
35.20d
ICCV 07114
51.96b
ICCV 07312
54.73b
ICCV 07115
56.06a
ICCV 07313
36.50d
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
19
Final Height
The final height is presented in Table 4. Among the accessions used, ICCV
07312 (Kabuli type) was significantly the tallest while ICCV 37 (Desi type) which was
the shortest. It was further observed that Kabuli type were taller than Desi type as
regards final height.
Dahiya and Lather (1990) suggested that a compact plant type with erect growth
habit and short internodes could help resist excessive growth in high input conditions.
Table 4. Final height
TREATMENT
FINAL HEIGHT
TREATMENT
FINAL HEIGHT
(cm)
(cm)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
64.66d
ICCV 2
80.67c
ICCV 10
72.77d
ICCV 92311
93.22b
ICCV 93952
72.33d
ICCV 92337
90.22b
ICCV 93954
77.32d
ICCV 95311
76.33d
ICCV 94954
75.33d
ICCV 95332
85.77c
ICCV 06101
76.77d
ICCV 95333
75.55d
ICCV 06102
77.00d
ICCV 95334
77.78d
ICCV 06104
76.66d
ICCV 06301
80.22d
ICCV 06105
82.33d
ICCV 06306
94.55b
ICCV 06106
90.00b
ICCV 07304
85.11c
ICCV 06107
84.33c
ICCV 07306
79.55c
ICCV 06108
81.00d
ICCV 07307
81.89c
ICCV 07107
78.00d
ICCV 07309
70.11d
ICCV 07114
79.44c
ICCV 07312
102.44d
ICCV 07115
82.55c
ICCV 07313
93.78b
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
20
Days from Planting to First Harvest
As presented in Table 5, ICCV 95334 a Kabuli type was the earliest to mature
and reach harvesting stage after 87 days which differed significantly from the other
accessions used. Results showed that generally, Desi type accessions are late maturing
which can be harvested ranging from 124 to 129 days compared to Kabuli type
accessions which had shorter days from planting to first harvest which ranges from 122 to
124 days.
Bautista et al (1985) pointed out that each variety contains a set of genetic make
up which determines the earliness of maturity and attributed to the varietal characteristics
of the different cultivars.
Table 5. Days from planting to first harvest
DAYS FROM
DAYS FROM
PLANTING TO
PLANTING TO
TREATMENT
FIRST HARVEST
TREATMENT
FIRST HARVEST
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
129.00a
ICCV 2
124e
ICCV 10
129.00a
ICCV 92311
124e
ICCV 93952
129.00a
ICCV 92337
124e
ICCV 93954
128.00b
ICCV 95311
124e
ICCV 94954
128.00b
ICCV 95332
124e
ICCV 06101
127.00c
ICCV 95333
123f
ICCV 06102
127.00c
ICCV 95334
87h
ICCV 06104
127.00c
ICCV 06301
123f
ICCV 06105
127.00c
ICCV 06306
123f
ICCV 06106
126.66d
ICCV 07304
123f
ICCV 06107
126.00d
ICCV 07306
123f
ICCV 06108
126.00d
ICCV 07307
123f
ICCV 07107
126.00d
ICCV 07309
122g
ICCV 07114
126.00d
ICCV 07312
122g
ICCV 07115
124.00e
ICCV 07313
122g
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
21
Mean Number of Lateral Branches at Flowering
There were significant differences on the average number of lateral branches at
flowering as presented in Table 6. Results showed that ICCV 07114 accession produced
higher number of branches with a mean of 2.44 but were comparable to ICCV 10, ICCV
07309, ICCV 06105, ICCV 06106, ICCV 2, ICCV 06306 and ICCV 93952 with a mean
of 2.33, 2.22, 2.11 and 2.00, respectively. Kabuli type ICCV 07304 obtained the lowest
number of lateral branches with a mean of 1.11 followed by ICCV 95333, ICCV 07307,
ICCV 07312, ICCV 94954, ICCV 95334 and ICCV 07115 with a mean of 1.22, 1.33 and
1.44.
It was shown in the table that almost all the accessions has the same number of
lateral branches produced which ranges from 1.11 to 2.44.
Table 6. Mean number of lateral branches at flowering
NO. OF LATERAL
NO. OF LATERAL
BRANCHES AT
BRANCHES AT
TREATMENT
FLOWERING
TREATMENT
FLOWERING
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
1.77c
ICCV 2
2.11b
ICCV 10
2.33a
ICCV 92311
1.89c
ICCV 93952
2.00b
ICCV 92337
1.66d
ICCV 93954
1.55d
ICCV 95311
1.77c
ICCV 94954
1.33d
ICCV 95332
1.66d
ICCV 06101
1.78c
ICCV 95333
1.22d
ICCV 06102
1.78c
ICCV 95334
1.33d
ICCV 06104
1.89c
ICCV 06301
1.78c
ICCV 06105
2.11b
ICCV 06306
2.11b
ICCV 06106
2.11b
ICCV 07304
1.11d
ICCV 06107
1.89c
ICCV 07306
1.66d
ICCV 06108
1.55d
ICCV 07307
1.22d
ICCV 07107
1.55d
ICCV 07309
2.22a
ICCV 07114
2.44a
ICCV 07312
1.33d
ICCV 07115
1.44d
ICCV 07313
1.99b
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
22
Total Number of Harvest or Picking
Table 7 showed that there were no significant differences on the total number of
harvest indicating that all the accessions evaluated had similar number of harvest/picking.
Results showed that the number of pickings ranges from 1.33 to 2.33.
The number of picking/harvest was generally affected by rainfall, pests and
diseases that attacked or affect the crops.
Table 7. Total number of harvest or picking
TREATMENT
NO. OF HARVEST
TREATMENT
NO. OF HARVEST
OR PICKING
OR PICKING
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
2.00a
ICCV 2
2.00a
ICCV 10
2.00a
ICCV 92311
2.00a
ICCV 93952
2.00a
ICCV 92337
1.67a
ICCV 93954
2.00a
ICCV 95311
2.00a
ICCV 94954
2.00a
ICCV 95332
2.00a
ICCV 06101
2.00a
ICCV 95333
2.00a
ICCV 06102
2.00a
ICCV 95334
2.33a
ICCV 06104
2.00a
ICCV 06301
2.33a
ICCV 06105
2.00a
ICCV 06306
2.33a
ICCV 06106
1.33a
ICCV 07304
2.33a
ICCV 06107
2.00a
ICCV 07306
2.00a
ICCV 06108
2.00a
ICCV 07307
2.00a
ICCV 07107
2.00a
ICCV 07309
2.00a
ICCV 07114
2.00a
ICCV 07312
2.00a
ICCV 07115
2.00a
ICCV 07313
2.00a
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
23
Number of Filled and Unfilled Pods Produced Per Plant
The mean number of filled and unfilled pods produced per plant was shown in
Table 8. There were significant differences among the accessions evaluated. Desi type
ICCV 10 attained the highest number of filled pods with a mean of 260.73 followed by
ICCC 37, ICCV 06104, ICCV 06102 and ICCV 93952 with a mean of 237.64, 236.73,
231.83 and 228.53, respectively. The lowest filled pods was obtained from Kabuli type
ICCV 07107 with a mean of 29.40 but were comparable to Desi type ICCV 07313 and
ICCV 95334 with a mean of 36.40 and 37.80.
Table 8. Mean number of filled and unfilled pod produced per plant
NUMBER OF
NUMBER OF
TREATMENT
Filled
Unfilled
TREATMENT
Filled
Unfilled
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
237.64ab
37.64c ICCV 2
121.33e
45.77c
ICCV 10
260.73a
47.10c ICCV 92311
99.30e
12.40f
ICCV 93952
228.53b
63.32b ICCV 92337
89.07e
12.63f
ICCV 93954
203.83b
18.20c ICCV 95311
66.07e
17.30e
ICCV 94954
90.17e
45.87c ICCV 95332
122.73e
27.45d
ICCV 06101
105.93e
56.87c ICCV 95333
125.20e
14.43e
ICCV 06102
231.83b
87.77a ICCV 95334
37.80e
14.00f
ICCV 06104
236.73ab
29.10d ICCV 06301
142.43d
40.40c
ICCV 06105
65.30e
24.58d ICCV 06306
145.63d
28.30d
ICCV 06106
49.87e
32.77d ICCV 07304
150.07d
22.30e
ICCV 06107
105.65e
27.10d ICCV 07306
76.20e
47.50c
ICCV 06108
164.20d
32.20d ICCV 07307
132.77d
20.30e
ICCV 07107
29.40e
27.97d ICCV 07309
105.77e
20.50e
ICCV 07114
187.50c
68.60b ICCV 07312
77.07e
42.83c
ICCV 07115
148.77d
68.20b ICCV 07313
36.40e
24.53d
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
24
In terms of unfilled pods, Desi type ICCV 06102 significantly had the highest
number of unfilled pods with a mean of 87.77 followed by ICCV 07114, ICCV 07115
and ICCV 93952 with a mean of 68.60, 68.20 and 63.32. ICCV 92311, a Kabuli type
attained the lowest unfilled pods with a mean of 12.40 followed by ICCV 92337 (12.63),
ICCV 95334 (14.00) and ICCV 95333 (14.43).
Seed Yield Per Plant
Table 9 presents the mean seed yield per plant. Statistical analysis showed that
there were significant differences among the accessions evaluated. Kabuli type (ICCV
95334) attained the highest mean yield per plant with a mean of 54.30, but was
comparable to ICCV 07304 (Kabuli type), ICCV 06102 (Desi type), ICCV 07307 (Kabuli
Table 9. Mean yield per plant
SEED YIELD
SEED YIELD
TREATMENT
(g)
TREATMENT
(g)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
43.90ab
ICCV 2
18.49ab
ICCV 10
48.95a
ICCV 92311
32.31ab
ICCV 93952
40.60ab
ICCV 92337
27.33ab
ICCV 93954
27.57ab
ICCV 95311
21.00ab
ICCV 94954
11.48ab
ICCV 95332
39.27ab
ICCV 06101
32.27ab
ICCV 95333
39.83ab
ICCV 06102
51.39a
ICCV 95334
54.30a
ICCV 06104
42.73ab
ICCV 06301
34.97ab
ICCV 06105
23.93ab
ICCV 06306
37.57ab
ICCV 06106
8.14ab
ICCV 07304
51.93a
ICCV 06107
20.07ab
ICCV 07306
16.73ab
ICCV 06108
30.67ab
ICCV 07307
49.80a
ICCV 07107
4.30b
ICCV 07309
26.00ab
ICCV 07114
27.47ab
ICCV 07312
17.90ab
ICCV 07115
28.09ab
ICCV 07313
11.83ab
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
25
type) and ICCV 10 (Desi type) with a mean of 51.93g, 51.39g, 49.80g and 48.95g,
respectively. Desi type ICCV 07107 attained the lowest mean yield per plant with a
mean of 4.30 g followed by ICCV 06106, ICCV 94954 and ICCV 07313 with a mean of
8.14g, 11.48g and 11.83g, respectively.
Total Yield Per Plot
Table 10 presents the total yield per plot. ICCV 07307 had significantly the
highest total yield per plot with a mean of 1.31g but were comparable to Desi type ICCV
93952, ICCV 10, ICCC 37 , ICCV 06104 and ICCV 06108 with a mean of 1.30 kg, 1.20
kg, 1.13 kg, 1.06 and 1.05 kg, respectively. Kabuli type ICCV 06106 obtained the lowest
yield per plot with a mean of 0.33 but were comparable to Desi type ICCV 92337, ICCV
07107, ICCV 95333 and ICCV 07313 with a mean of 0.39, 0.40, 0.43 and 0.44 kg,
respectively.
This result strongly agreed with the statement of Edmund et al. (1957) that
varieties differ in productivity due to their adaptability in the environment. According to
Wien (1983), choice of the most adapted cultivar is a key decision that a vegetable
grower faces every growing season in which the profitability of the crops depends.
Evaluation of cultivars for adaptation to local growing conditions, therefore is of crucial
importance a grower make when determining crops from planting. Crop productivity is
usually attributed to disease and insect pests, resistance, environmental adaptability and
yield potential.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
26
Table 10. Total yield per plot
TOTAL YIELD
TOTAL YIELD
TREATMENT
(kg)
TREATMENT
(kg)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
1.13c
ICCV 2
0.63f
ICCV 10
1.20b
ICCV 92311
0.97d
ICCV 93952
1.30a
ICCV 92337
0.39g
ICCV 93954
0.82e
ICCV 95311
0.57f
ICCV 94954
0.54f
ICCV 95332
0.84e
ICCV 06101
0.61f
ICCV 95333
0.43g
ICCV 06102
0.91d
ICCV 95334
0.67f
ICCV 06104
1.06c
ICCV 06301
0.99c
ICCV 06105
0.76f
ICCV 06306
0.83e
ICCV 06106
0.33g
ICCV 07304
0.91d
ICCV 06107
0.85e
ICCV 07306
0.67f
ICCV 06108
1.05c
ICCV 07307
1.31d
ICCV 07107
0.40g
ICCV 07309
0.62f
ICCV 07114
0.94d
ICCV 07312
0.52f
ICCV 07115
0.67f
ICCV 07313
0.44g
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Total Yield Per Hectare
Table 11 shows the total yield per hectare. The total yield per hectare is
consistent with the total yield per plot. ICCV 07307 a Kabuli type significantly attained
the highest yield with a mean of 1307 kg. It was comparable to Desi type accessions
ICCV 93952 (1302.30 kg), ICCV 10 (1198 kg) and ICCC 37 (129.80). The lowest yield
was attained by Kabuli type ICCV 06106 with a mean of 325.90 kg followed by ICCV
92337, ICCV 07107, ICCV 07313 and ICCV 0713 with a mean of 394 kg, 400.60 kg,
433.20 kg and 441.90 kg, respectively.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
27
Table 11. Total yield per hectare
TOTAL YIELD
TOTAL YIELD
TREATMENT
(kg)
TREATMENT
(kg)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
1129.80b
ICCV 2
625.40f
ICCV 10
1198.00b
ICCV 92311
965.10d
ICCV 93952
1302.30a
ICCV 92337
394.00f
ICCV 93954
816.80e
ICCV 95311
571.50f
ICCV 94954
536.20f
ICCV 95332
837.40d
ICCV 06101
608.10f
ICCV 95333
433.20f
ICCV 06102
912.30d
ICCV 95334
672.67d
ICCV 06104
1056.60e
ICCV 06301
990.00d
ICCV 06105
755.00f
ICCV 06306
834.20d
ICCV 06106
325.90f
ICCV 07304
913.80d
ICCV 06107
848.20d
ICCV 07306
666.60f
ICCV 06108
1049.00c
ICCV 07307
1307.00c
ICCV 07107
400.60f
ICCV 07309
620.90f
ICCV 07114
941.20d
ICCV 07312
524.20f
ICCV 07115
666.73f
ICCV 07313
441.90f
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
The lowest yield of these varieties was due to excessive rainfall which leads to the
development of stem rot which had greatly damage the crop and due to occurrence of pod
borer and rodents.
Weight of 100 Seeds (g)
As shown in Table 12, Desi type ICCV 06105 had significantly heavier seed
weight with a mean of 36.80 g/100 seed but was comparable to the Kabuli type ICCV
07307 and ICCV 92311 with a mean of 34.83 g and 34.80 g, respectively. Desi type
ICCV 10 had the lightest weight of 13.23 g followed by ICCC 37 with 14.67 g.
The differences in weight of 100 seeds are attributed to the differences in varietal
characteristics such as sizes. ICCV 06105 had bigger sizes of seeds which might have
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
28
Table 12. Weight of 100 seeds
TREATMENT
WEIGHT
TREATMENT
WEIGHT
(g)
(g)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
14.67f
ICCV 2
20.77e
ICCV 10
13.23f
ICCV 92311
34.80b
ICCV 93952
21.00c
ICCV 92337
24.93d
ICCV 93954
17.73f
ICCV 95311
26.07c
ICCV 94954
21.10e
ICCV 95332
29.07c
ICCV 06101
21.37e
ICCV 95333
26.33c
ICCV 06102
20.67e
ICCV 95334
24.47d
ICCV 06104
17.50f
ICCV 06301
25.30d
ICCV 06105
36.80a
ICCV 06306
23.87d
ICCV 06106
18.40f
ICCV 07304
27.87c
ICCV 06107
22.47e
ICCV 07306
25.83d
ICCV 06108
22.87e
ICCV 07307
34.83b
ICCV 07107
15.50f
ICCV 07309
27.87c
ICCV 07114
24.13d
ICCV 07312
24.53d
ICCV 07115
16.15f
ICCV 07313
26.67d
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
contributed to its weight. The difference could also be influenced by the genetic and
environmental factors according to Villareal (1969). Moreover, Lorenz and Maynard
(1988) emphasized that the harvested products must have characteristics desired by the
packer, shipper, retailer and consumer. Included among these qualities were size, shape,
color, flavor and nutritional qualities.
Moreover, Muehlbaner and Singh (1987), Poniedzialek et al (1996) is about 495 g
especially to the large seeded Kabuli chickpea, whereas Desi type, a small seeded has a
minimum weight of 245 g per 1000 seeds, cited by Poniedzialek (2005).
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
29
Germination Test
Table 13 shows the germination test done in Petri dish method. Desi type ICCV
06102 and Kabuli type ICCV 2 had significantly higher germination percentage with a
identical mean of 87.33%. It was followed by ICCV 95311 (86.67%), ICCV 93954
(81.33%), ICCV 07107 (79.33%), ICCV 0713 (76.67%), ICCV 07114 (76%) and ICCV
93952 (74%). The lowest percentage germination was obtained by ICCV 93952 (Desi
type) with a mean of 25.33 but were comparable to ICCV 06107 with a mean of 30.67,
ICCV 07307 with a mean of 36.67 and ICCV 06106 with a mean of 37.33.
Table 13. Germination test of harvested seeds
GERMINATION
GERMINATION
TEST
TEST
TREATMENT
(%)
TREATMENT
(%)
Desi Type
Kabuli Type
ICCC 37
61.33d
ICCV 2
87.33a
ICCV 10
44.67f
ICCV 92311
62.00d
ICCV 93952
25.33f
ICCV 92337
61.33d
ICCV 93954
81.33b
ICCV 95311
86.67b
ICCV 94954
72.00c
ICCV 95332
74.00c
ICCV 06101
57.33e
ICCV 95333
63.33d
ICCV 06102
87.33a
ICCV 95334
50.00e
ICCV 06104
60.00f
ICCV 06301
61.33d
ICCV 06105
68.00d
ICCV 06306
69.33d
ICCV 06106
37.33f
ICCV 07304
53.33e
ICCV 06107
30.67f
ICCV 07306
51.33e
ICCV 06108
50.00e
ICCV 07307
36.67f
ICCV 07107
79.33c
ICCV 07309
69.33d
ICCV 07114
76.00c
ICCV 07312
62.00d
ICCV 07115
60.67d
ICCV 07313
76.67c
Means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% by DMRT
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
30
Pest and Diseases
Table 14 shows that all the accessions evaluated were infested by cutworm during
the vegetative stage. Almost 10% of plant population was infested by cutworm, pod
borer (Helicoverpa armigera) also was observed during the reproductive stage of the
crop, it infested almost 10% of the plant population as well as the rodents (5%).
On the other hand, the diseases noted during the study were collar rot (Sclerotium
rolfsii Sacc.) which infested 15-20% of the plant population. Another disease that was
observed was chickpea stunt (bean leaf roll virus) which infested 5% of the plant
population. Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei Labr.), fusarium wilt (Fusarium
oxysporum Schlecht.), alternaria blight (Alternaria alternate) and mosaic (Alfalfa mosaic
virus) 3% infection.
Table 14. Insect pest observed during the conduct of the study
ATTACKING STAGE
INSECT PEST
Cutworm
Vegetative growth
Pod borer
Reproductive stage
Table 15. Diseases observed during the conduct of the study
DEGREE OF
DISEASE
CAUSAL ORGANISM
INFESTATION
Chickpea stunt
Bean leaf roll virus
Slight
Collar rot
Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.
Slight
Ascochyta blight
Ascochyta rabiei Labr.
Slight
Fusarium wilt
Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.
Slight
Alternaria blight
Alternaria alternate
Slight
Mosaid
Alfalfa mosaic virus
Slight
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
31
Table 16. Natural condition biotic stress susceptibility
FUSARIUM
ROOT/STEM
ASCOCHYTA
WILT
ALTERNARIA
ROT
CHICKPEA
MOSAIC
CUTWORM
POD
ACCESSIONS
BLIGHT
(Fusarium
BLIGHT
(Collar Rot)
STUNT
(Alfalfa
(Agrotis
BORER
(Ascochyta
oxysporum
(Alternaria
(Schlerotium
(Bean Leaf
Mosaic
ipsilon
(Helicoverpa
rabiei Labr.)
Schlecht.)
alternate)
rolfsii Sacc.)
Roll Virus)
Virus
Hutnagel)
armigera)
1
2
2
1
1
3
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
3
5
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
6
3
2
1
.2
2
1
1
3
7
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
8
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
9
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
10
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
3
11
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
12
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
3
13
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
3
14
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
15
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
16
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
17
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
18
3
1
1
2
2
1
2
3
19
2
1
1
2
1
3
1
3
20
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
2
21
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
22
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
23
3
1
1
2
3
1
2
2
24
3
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
25
3
2
1
1
2
3
2
3
26
2
3
1
1
2
1
2
2
27
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
28
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
3
29
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
30
3
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
Legend:
1 – Very low or no visible sign of susceptibility (<20%)
3 – Low (21-40%)
5 – Intermediate (41-60%)
7 – High (61-80%)
9 – Very high (1-100%)
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
32
Table 17. Meteorological data
AVERAGE
RELATIVE
SUNLIGHT
RAINFALL
TEMPERATURE (oC)
HUMIDITY
DURATION
(Mins. of
MONTH
Maximum Minimum
(%)
(Min.)
Tenths)
October 2008
1st week
24.7
18.8
86.0
290.5
73.9
2nd week
24.1
18.1
85.0
176.5
10.5
3rd week
24.3
19.6
84.0
382.8
78.4
4th week
24.2
16.0
85.0
435.4
86.7
November 2008
1st week
25.7
19.1
85.0
229.7
54.2
2nd week
25.3
20.0
87.0
332.5
29.0
3rd week
25.1
19.2
90.0
198.8
T
4th week
24.7
20.2
83.0
361.7
00
December 2008
1st week
24.9
18.5
80.0
434.5
00
2nd week
24.3
17.6
81.0
364.2
3.4
3rd week
23.8
19.1
82.0
432.0
00
4th week
27.7
22.9
96.2
305.1
00
January 2009
1st week
24.5
18.5
85.0
225.4
00
2nd week
24.4
17.3
85.0
225.4
00
3rd week
24.2
16.4
85.0
474.8
00
4th week
25.1
19.0
83.0
414.0
T
February 2009
1st week
24.0
16.8
89.0
365.1
17.6
2nd week
23.8
18.5
84.0
256.2
45.3
3rd week
23.9
19.1
84.0
454.2
35.1
4th week
25.3
22.1
84.0
375.7
00
March 2009
1st week
25.0
19.4
84.0
417.4
T
2nd week
25.4
19.6
87.0
143.1
11.1
3rd week
25.0
20.3
84.0
372.8
00
4th week
24.6
20.0
88.0
248.5
39.1
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
33
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The study was conducted to introduce and promote chickpea production in
Benguet specifically at La Trinidad, Benguet and to determine the germplasm collection
and evaluation of chickpea accessions under La Trinidad, Benguet and to identify
chickpea accessions that could be profitably grown under La Trinidad condition. The
study was conducted at La Trinidad, Benguet from October 2008 to March 2009.
Results revealed that the different chickpea accessions significantly vary on
emergence percentage where ICCV 06104 and ICCV 94954 had the highest field
percentage emergence while the lowest was observed from ICCV 95334 and ICCV 2.
ICCV 06108 were the earliest to produce flowers while ICCV 95334 were the latest to
obtain 50% flowering. ICCV 0-6106 (Desi type) was significantly taller than the other
varieties including Kabuli type. As to the final height, ICCV 07312 was significantly the
tallest while ICCV 37 was the shortest.
Kabuli type variety (ICCV 95334) were significantly the earliest to be harvested
compared to the rest of the accessions. As to the number of lateral branches produced at
flowering, ICCV 07114 produced the most number of lateral branches while ICCV 07304
produced the least number of branches. There were no significant differences in the total
number of harvest.
In terms of filled and unfilled pods, Desi type ICCV 10 had significantly the
highest number of filled pods with a mean of 36.40/plant. Desi type ICCV 06102
significantly had the highest number of unfilled pods with a mean of 87.77 while Kabuli
type ICCV 92311 had the lowest with a mean of 12.40/plant.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
34
For the yield per plot and yield per hectare, ICCV 93952 significantly outyielded
all the accessions evaluated. ICCV 06105 had significantly heavier in seed weight
compared to other accessions which has lesser seed weight.
The result of germination test done in Petri dish method showed that ICCV 06102
and ICCV 2 had the highest percentage germination while ICCV 93952 had the lowest
germination percentage.
Conclusion
Based on the results presented and discussed, the best accession tested in La
Trinidad, Benguet was Kabuli type ICCV 07307, ICCV 06301 and Desi type ICCV
93952 and ICCV 10 since they produced the highest yield potential among the cultivars
evaluated.
Recommendation
Based on the findings of this study, it is therefore recommended that Kabuli type
ICCV 07307, 06301 and Desi types ICCV 93952 and ICCV 10 accessions can be
productively grown in La Trinidad, Benguet since it outyielded all the accessions
evaluated. The yields of the selected accessions are within the global yield potential of
800-1,200 kg/ha.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
35
LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS. 2007. Wikipedia. The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 28, 2007
from http:/www.google.com.ph.
DAHIYA and LATHER. 1990. Plant Science: Introduction to World Crops. Freeman
and Company. San Francisco. P. 529.
DUKE, J. A. 1981. Handbook of Legumes of World Economic Importance. Oplenum
Press, New York. Pp. 52-57.
KNOTT, J. E. 1989. Vegetable Production Guide. Los Baños, Laguna. UPLB College
of Agriculture. Pp. 168-181.
LORENZ, O. A. and D. N. MAYNARD. 1986. Knott’s Handbook for Vegetable
Grower. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York. Pp. 25-30.
MASEN and SOMAATJMADJA. 1990. Food Legume Improvement for Asian Farming
Systems. Khon Leaeh, Thailand.
PCARRD. 1975. The Philippine Recommends for Vegetable Crops. Philippine Council
for Agriculture and Resources. Manila.
SINGH, C. 1983. Modern Techniques of Raising Field Crops. Oxford and IBH
Publishing Co. India.
SMITHSON, J. G., J. A. THOMPSON and R. J. SUMMERFIELD. 1985. Chickpea.
Pp. 312-390.
VANDER MAESEN, L. T. G. CICER L. 1972. A Monograph of the Genus with Special
Reference to the Chickpea, Its Ecology and Cultivation. Mededlingen
landbouwhoge School. Wageningen.
VILLAREAL, R. L. 1969. Seed Vegetable Training Manual. College of Agriculture.
University of the Philippines. Laguna. Pp. 46-47.
WORK and CAREW. 1955. Southern Vegetable Crops. 5th Edition. McGrawhill Co.,
New York.
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
36
APPENDICES
Appendix Table 1. Field emergence (%)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
95.13
83.33
89.23
267.69
89.23
ICCV 10
80.90
91.40
86.15
258.45
86.15
ICCV 93952
88.19
90.27
89.23
267.69
89.23
ICCV 93954
79.16
91.40
85.28
255.84
85.28
ICCV 94954
96.52
98.62
97.57
292.71
95.57
ICCV 06101
92.63
89.06
85.84
257.53
85.84
ICCV 06102
93.75
87.50
90.62
271.87
90.62
ICCV 06104
96.52
100.00
98.26
294.78
98.26
ICCV 06105
69.44
84.37
76.90
230.71
76.90
ICCV 06106
90.27
87.50
88.88
266.65
88.88
ICCV 06107
86.80
80.56
83.68
251.04
83.68
ICCV 06108
77.08
68.06
72.57
217.71
72.57
ICCV 07107
70.13
70.84
70.48
211.45
70.48
ICCV 07114
80.55
75.00
77.77
233.32
77.77
ICCV 07115
88.88
91.67
90.27
270.82
90.27
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
2.77
4.17
3.47
10.41
3.47
ICCV 92311
18.75
21.52
20.13
60.40
20.13
ICCV 92337
22.22
19.55
20.88
62.65
20.88
ICCV 95311
27.08
44.05
35.56
106.69
35.56
ICCV 95332
11.11
10.25
10.67
32.03
10.67
ICCV 95333
5.55
3.47
4.51
13.53
4.51
ICCV 95334
2.77
0
1.38
4.15
1.38
ICCV 06301
23.60
32.66
28.13
84.39
28.13
ICCV 06306
12.49
21.73
17.11
51.33
17.11
ICCV 07304
30.55
47.66
39.10
117.31
39.10
ICCV 07306
27.08
35.45
31.29
93.82
31.27
ICCV 07307
23.60
38.45
31.02
93.07
31.02
ICCV 07309
6.25
8.34
7.29
21.88
7.29
ICCV 07312
34.71
43.52
39.11
117.34
39.11
ICCV 07313
21.52
27.50
24.51
73.53
24.51
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
37
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
109137.745 3763.371
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
398.516
199.258 87.999**
Error
58
2480.425
42.766
TOTAL
89
112016.686
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.41%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
38
38
Appendix Table 2. Days from planting to 50% flowering
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
67
64
64
195
65.0
ICCV 10
70
73
68
211
70.3
ICCV 93952
68
68
74
210
70.0
ICCV 93954
64
67
67
198
66.0
ICCV 94954
71
75
70
216
72.0
ICCV 06101
69
69
67
205
68.3
ICCV 06102
51
50
50
151
50.3
ICCV 06104
53
53
50
156
52.0
ICCV 06105
62
47
49
158
52.6
ICCV 06106
68
84
71
223
74.3
ICCV 06107
78
78
69
225
75.0
ICCV 06108
67
76
70
213
42.6
ICCV 07107
44
73
45
162
54.0
ICCV 07114
68
71
70
209
69.6
ICCV 07115
68
71
42
181
60.3
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
52
71
52
175
58.3
ICCV 92311
47
40
42
129
43.0
ICCV 92337
41
45
94
180
60.0
ICCV 95311
99
92
97
288
96.0
ICCV 95332
41
52
46
189
46.3
ICCV 95333
97
104
98
299
99.6
ICCV 95334
100
103
101
304
101.3
ICCV 06301
44
46
46
136
45.3
ICCV 06306
69
44
52
165
55.0
ICCV 07304
47
52
45
144
48.0
ICCV 07306
52
40
68
160
53.3
ICCV 07307
42
46
49
137
45.6
ICCV 07309
39
51
49
139
46.3
ICCV 07312
51
53
56
173
51.0
ICCV 07313
45
47
50
142
47.3
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
39
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
21876.667
754.368
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
84.067
42.033 9.883**
Error
58
4427.267
76.332
TOTAL
89
26388.000
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.47%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
40
40
Appendix Table 3. Average height at flowering (cm)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
41.53
51.63
56.00
149.16
49.72
ICCV 10
40.60
35.66
42.30
118.56
39.52
ICCV 93952
41.33
50.00
45.60
136.93
45.64
ICCV 93954
41.00
43.30
38.3
122.90
40.96
ICCV 94954
50.33
58.30
47.30
155.90
51.96
ICCV 06101
54.30
51.60
51.60
157.50
52.50
ICCV 06102
39.30
42.30
54.30
135.90
45.30
ICCV 06104
43.00
36.00
33.30
112.30
37.43
ICCV 06105
44.30
58.00
33.60
135.90
45.30
ICCV 06106
64.00
53.30
58.00
175.30
58.43
ICCV 06107
59.00
53.00
52.60
164.60
54.86
ICCV 06108
46.60
61.00
64.00
171.60
57.20
ICCV 07107
36.00
36.30
31.30
103.60
34.53
ICCV 07114
45.00
64.30
46.60
155.90
51.96
ICCV 07115
61.00
55.60
51.60
168.20
56.06
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
29.60
56.30
47.30
133.20
44.40
ICCV 92311
30.30
33.30
33.30
96.90
32.30
ICCV 92337
35.30
46.00
32.60
113.90
37.90
ICCV 95311
29.60
47.00
41.30
117.90
39.30
ICCV 95332
33.00
29.60
40.60
103.20
34.40
ICCV 95333
47.30
52.30
38.00
137.60
45.86
ICCV 95334
39.00
39.00
35.00
113.00
37.66
ICCV 06301
31.00
25.30
28.00
84.300
28.10
ICCV 06306
36.00
41.30
32.00
109.30
36.43
ICCV 07304
32.60
32.00
30.60
95.20
31.73
ICCV 07306
36.60
33.60
32.00
102.20
34.06
ICCV 07307
34.00
30.00
36.60
100.60
33.53
ICCV 07309
37.30
33.30
35.00
105.60
35.20
ICCV 07312
57.00
56.60
50.60
164.20
54.73
ICCV 07313
35.60
34.30
39.60
109.50
36.50
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
41
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
6753.207
232.869
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
160.877
80.438 6.524**
Error
58
2070.374
35.696
TOTAL
89
8984.458
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.47%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
42
42
Appendix Table 4. Final height (cm)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
58.66
71.66
63.66
194.98
64.66
ICCV 10
66.66
73.00
78.66
218.32
72.77
ICCV 93952
71.00
69.00
77.00
217.00
72.33
ICCV 93954
71.66
81.66
78.66
231.98
77.32
ICCV 94954
75.33
78.00
72.66
225.98
75.33
ICCV 06101
81.66
72.33
76.66
225.99
77.00
ICCV 06102
72.00
84.66
74.33
230.32
77.00
ICCV 06104
83.00
75.33
71.66
229.99
76.66
ICCV 06105
85.66
98.00
63.33
246.99
82.33
ICCV 06106
94.33
83.33
92.33
269.99
90.00
ICCV 06107
92.00
81.33
79.66
252.99
84.33
ICCV 06108
80.00
82.00
81.00
243.00
81.00
ICCV 07107
70.33
79.33
84.33
233.99
78.00
ICCV 07114
78.00
82.33
78.00
238.33
79.44
ICCV 07115
83.66
79.66
84.33
247.65
82.55
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
80.00
82.00
80.00
242.00
86.67
ICCV 92311
86.33
106.66
86.66
279.65
93.22
ICCV 92337
85.00
95.33
90.33
270.66
90.22
ICCV 95311
91.33
58.66
79.00
228.99
76.33
ICCV 95332
81.66
81.33
94.33
257.32
85.77
ICCV 95333
89.66
75.00
62.00
226.66
75.55
ICCV 95334
77.00
81.00
75.33
233.33
77.78
ICCV 06301
97.66
83.33
59.66
240.65
80.22
ICCV 06306
98.66
104.66
80.33
283.65
94.55
ICCV 07304
78.00
87.33
90.00
255.33
85.11
ICCV 07306
67.66
89.33
81.66
238.65
79.55
ICCV 07307
81.00
75.00
89.66
245.66
81.89
ICCV 07309
87.00
66.66
56.66
210.32
70.11
ICCV 07312
91.33
107.66
108.33
307.32
104.44
ICCV 07313
93.00
99.00
89.33
281.33
93.78
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
43
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
5635.196
194.317
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
191.663
95.831 2.371**
Error
58
4753.310
81.954
TOTAL
89
10580.169
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.37%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
44
44
Appendix Table 5. Days from planting to first harvest
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
129
129
129
387
129.00
ICCV 10
129
129
129
387
129.00
ICCV 93952
129
129
129
387
129.00
ICCV 93954
128
128
128
384
128.00
ICCV 94954
128
128
128
384
128.00
ICCV 06101
127
127
127
381
127.00
ICCV 06102
127
127
127
381
127.00
ICCV 06104
127
127
127
381
127.00
ICCV 06105
127
127
127
381
127.00
ICCV 06106
135
127
127
389
129.66
ICCV 06107
126
126
126
378
126.00
ICCV 06108
126
126
126
378
126.00
ICCV 07107
126
126
126
378
126.00
ICCV 07114
126
126
126
378
126.00
ICCV 07115
124
124
124
372
124.00
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 92311
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 92337
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 95311
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 95332
124
124
124
372
124.00
ICCV 95333
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 95334
87
82
92
261
87.00
ICCV 06301
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 06306
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 07304
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 07306
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 07307
123
123
123
369
123.00
ICCV 07309
122
122
122
366
122.00
ICCV 07312
122
122
122
366
122.00
ICCV 07313
122
122
122
366
122.00
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
45
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF F VALUE
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
4734.322
163.252 105.703**
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
3.089
1.544
Error
58
89.578
1.544
TOTAL
89
4826.989
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.03%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
46
46
Appendix Table 6. Mean number of lateral branches at flowering
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
2.33
1.33
1.66
5.32
1.77
ICCV 10
3.00
2.00
2.00
7.00
2.33
ICCV 93952
1.66
2.00
2.33
5.99
2.00
ICCV 93954
1.00
1.66
2.00
4.66
1.55
ICCV 94954
1.33
1.33
1.33
3.99
1.33
ICCV 06101
2.00
2.00
1.33
5.33
1.78
ICCV 06102
2.33
1.00
2.00
5.33
1.78
ICCV 06104
2.00
2.00
1.66
5.33
1.89
ICCV 06105
2.00
2.33
2.00
6.33
2.11
ICCV 06106
2.33
2.33
1.66
6.32
2.11
ICCV 06107
1.66
2.00
2.00
5.66
1.89
ICCV 06108
1.00
1.66
2.00
4.66
1.55
ICCV 07107
1.33
1.33
2.00
4.66
1.55
ICCV 07114
2.66
2.00
2.66
7.32
2.44
ICCV 07115
1.00
1.33
2.00
4.33
1.44
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
2.33
1.66
2.33
6.32
2.11
ICCV 92311
1.33
2.33
2.00
5.66
1.89
ICCV 92337
1.66
1.33
2.00
4.99
1.66
ICCV 95311
2.33
1.33
1.66
5.32
1.77
ICCV 95332
1.33
2.00
1.66
4.99
1.66
ICCV 95333
1.33
1.33
1.00
3.66
1.22
ICCV 95334
1.66
1.33
1.00
3.99
1.33
ICCV 06301
2.00
2.00
1.33
5.33
1.78
ICCV 06306
2.33
2.33
1.66
6.32
2.11
ICCV 07304
1.00
1.00
1.33
3.33
1.11
ICCV 07306
1.66
1.33
2.00
4.99
1.66
ICCV 07307
1.33
1.66
3.00
5.99
2.00
ICCV 07309
1.66
3.00
2.00
6.66
2.22
ICCV 07312
1.33
1.33
1.33
3.99
1.33
ICCV 07313
1.66
1.00
2.66
5.98
1.99
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
47
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
9.649
0.333
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
0.256
0.128 1.714*
Error
58
11.257
0.194
TOTAL
89
21.61
* - Significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.83%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
48
48
Appendix Table 7. Total number of harvest
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 10
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 93952
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 93954
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 94954
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06101
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06102
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06104
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06105
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06106
1
1
2
4
1.33
ICCV 06107
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 06108
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07107
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07114
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07115
2
2
2
6
2.00
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 92311
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 92337
2
2
1
5
1.67
ICCV 95311
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 95332
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 95333
3
2
1
6
2.00
ICCV 95334
2
3
2
7
2.33
ICCV 06301
2
3
2
7
2.33
ICCV 06306
3
2
2
7
2.33
ICCV 07304
2
3
2
7
2.33
ICCV 07306
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07307
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07309
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07312
2
2
2
6
2.00
ICCV 07313
2
2
2
6
2.00
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
49
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
2.989
0.103
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
0.289
0.144 1.047ns
Error
58
5.711
0.098
TOTAL
89
8.989
ns - Not significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.52%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
50
50
Appendix Table 8. Number of filled pods produced per plant
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
198.33
223.30
291.30
712.93
237.64
ICCV 10
529.60
52.30
200.30
782.20
260.73
ICCV 93952
212.30
169.00
304.30
685.63
228.53
ICCV 93954
184.60
60.60
366.30
611.50
203.83
ICCV 94954
20.60
115.60
134.30
270.50
90.17
ICCV 06101
21.60
179.60
116.60
317.80
105.93
ICCV 06102
299.60
211.60
234.30
695.50
231.83
ICCV 06104
119.60
369.30
221.30
710.20
236.73
ICCV 06105
30.30
89.00
76.60
195.90
65.30
ICCV 06106
39.30
14.30
96.00
149.60
49.87
ICCV 06107
70.00
94.66
152.30
316.96
105.65
ICCV 06108
236.30
86.00
170.30
492.60
164.20
ICCV 07107
49.00
10.60
28.60
88.20
29.40
ICCV 07114
293.60
89.60
179.30
562.50
187.50
ICCV 07115
78.00
221.30
147.00
446.30
148.77
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
186.00
90.00
88.30
364.00
121.33
ICCV 92311
74.00
93.30
9.30
297.90
99.30
ICCV 92337
223.30
42.60
0.60
267.20
89.07
ICCV 95311
87.60
56.00
18.30
198.20
66.07
ICCV 95332
85.30
86.30
13.00
368.20
122.73
ICCV 95333
284.60
89.00
0.30
375.60
125.20
ICCV 95334
37.80
40.80
34.80
113.40
37.80
ICCV 06301
180.00
90.30
27.60
427.30
142.43
ICCV 06306
228.30
82.00
16.30
436.90
145.63
ICCV 07304
219.00
131.60
33.60
450.20
150.07
ICCV 07306
82.00
93.30
57.30
228.30
76.20
ICCV 07307
109.30
128.00
34.60
398.30
132.77
ICCV 07309
187.00
123.00
3.60
317.30
105.77
ICCV 07312
89.60
101.30
35.60
213.20
77.07
ICCV 07313
266.00
24.00
58.60
109.20
36.40
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
51
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
375310.761 12941.750
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
23164.768 11582.384 1.906*
Error
58
393773.691 6789.202
TOTAL
89
792249.290
* - Significant
Coefficient of variation = 2.13%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
52
52
Appendix Table 9. Number of unfilled pods produced per plant
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
48.33
54.30
10.30
112.90
37.64
ICCV 10
88.66
17.33
35.30
141.29
47.10
ICCV 93952
62.30
66.33
61.30
189.90
63.32
ICCV 93954
32.30
11.30
11.00
54.60
18.20
ICCV 94954
11.30
35.30
91.00
137.60
45.87
ICCV 06101
37.30
104.00
29.30
170.60
56.87
ICCV 06102
31.00
52.30
180.00
263.30
87.77
ICCV 06104
42.30
17.00
28.00
87.30
29.10
ICCV 06105
34.60
27.00
12.13
73.90
24.58
ICCV 06106
34.30
16.00
48.00
98.30
32.77
ICCV 06107
18.30
25.00
38.00
81.30
27.10
ICCV 06108
46.00
38.60
12.00
96.60
32.20
ICCV 07107
32.30
8.00
43.60
83.90
27.97
ICCV 07114
95.60
46.60
63.60
205.80
68.60
ICCV 07115
37.30
97.30
70.00
204.60
68.20
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
34.00
15.00
88.30
137.30
45.77
ICCV 92311
15.30
12.60
9.30
37.20
12.40
ICCV 92337
18.00
19.30
0.60
37.90
12.63
ICCV 95311
29.60
4.00
18.30
51.90
17.30
ICCV 95332
24.00
45.30
13.00
82.30
27.45
ICCV 95333
23.00
20.00
0.30
43.30
14.43
ICCV 95334
14.00
10.00
18.00
42.00
14.00
ICCV 06301
47.00
46.60
27.60
121.20
40.40
ICCV 06306
43.00
25.60
16.30
84.90
28.30
ICCV 07304
7.00
26.30
33.60
66.90
22.30
ICCV 07306
47.60
37.60
57.30
142.50
47.50
ICCV 07307
4.30
22.00
34.60
609.00
20.30
ICCV 07309
32.30
25.60
3.60
61.50
20.50
ICCV 07312
51.30
41.60
35.60
128.50
42.83
ICCV 07313
28.60
23.00
22.00
73.60
24.53
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
53
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
31393.849 1082.547
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
252.879
126.439 1.750*
Error
58
35875.047
618.535
TOTAL
89
67521.776
* - Significant
Coefficient of variation = 2.35%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
54
54
Appendix Table 10. Mean yield per plant
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
40.20
44.80
46.80
131.80
43.90
ICCV 10
75.06
39.60
32.20
146.80
48.95
ICCV 93952
45.10
3.20
73.50
121.80
40.60
ICCV 93954
26.20
7.30
49.20
82.70
27.57
ICCV 94954
3.03
17.00
14.40
34.40
11.48
ICCV 06101
16.20
55.20
25.40
96.80
32.27
ICCV 06102
72.30
42.80
39.06
154.16
51.39
ICCV 06104
21.70
73.70
32.08
128.20
42.73
ICCV 06105
32.20
19.10
20.50
71.80
23.93
ICCV 06106
5.93
2.50
16.00
24.43
8.14
ICCV 06107
12.70
17.70
29.80
60.20
20.07
ICCV 06108
45.90
16.30
29.80
92.00
30.67
ICCV 07107
9.20
1.30
2.40
12.90
4.30
ICCV 07114
39.60
12.60
30.20
84.40
27.47
ICCV 07115
13.90
39.20
31.16
84.26
28.08
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
25.16
13.70
16.60
55.40
18.49
ICCV 92311
21.30
28.40
47.23
96.93
32.31
ICCV 92337
70.80
11.00
0.20
82.00
27.33
ICCV 95311
10.60
37.00
15.40
63.00
21.00
ICCV 95332
23.20
20.40
76.30
119.90
39.97
ICCV 95333
88.00
31.10
0.40
119.50
39.83
ICCV 95334
54.30
49.30
59.30
162.90
54.30
ICCV 06301
55.60
23.80
25.50
104.90
34.97
ICCV 06306
53.70
20.80
38.20
112.70
37.57
ICCV 07304
117.50
11.50
26.80
155.80
51.93
ICCV 07306
16.10
23.30
10.80
50.20
16.73
ICCV 07307
47.40
45.50
56.50
149.40
49.80
ICCV 07309
41.50
34.40
2.10
78.00
26.00
ICCV 07312
21.30
23.80
8.60
53.70
17.90
ICCV 07313
13.40
8.60
13.50
35.50
11.82
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
55
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARES
VALUE 0.05
0.01
FREEDOM
Replication
29
15779.731512
544.12867 2.12**
1.65 2.03
Treatment
2
1895.12277556 947.56138778
Error
58
25919.24129111
TOTAL
89
43594.095578
** – Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 68.26%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
56
56
Appendix Table 11. Total yield per plot (kg)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
1.1298 1.43966 0.81994
3.3894
1.13
ICCV 10
1.198
1.59570
0.8003
3.5940
1.20
ICCV 93952
1.3023 1.73630
0.8683
3.9069
1.32
ICCV 93954
0.8168 1.07230
0.5613
2.4504
0.82
ICCV 94954
0.5362 0.71480
0.3576
1.6086
0.54
ICCV 06101
0.6081 0.81060
0.4056
1.8243
0.61
ICCV 06102
0.9123 1.21630
0.6083
2.7369
0.91
ICCV 06104
1.0566 1.40870
0.7045
3.1698
1.06
ICCV 06105
0.755
1.00660
0.5034
2.2650
0.76
ICCV 06106
0.3259 0.43440
0.2174
0.9777
0.33
ICCV 06107
0.8482 1.13080
0.5656
2.5496
0.85
ICCV 06108
1.0490 1.39850
0.6995
3.1470
1.05
ICCV 07107
0.4006 0.50740
0.2938
1.2018
0.40
ICCV 07114
0.9412 1.25490
0.6275
2.8336
0.44
ICCV 07115
0.6670 0.88920
0.0444
2.0002
0.67
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
0.6254 0.83380
0.4170
1.8762
0.63
ICCV 92311
0.9651 1.28670
0.6435
2.8953
0.97
ICCV 92337
0.3940 0.54190
0.2461
1.1820
0.39
ICCV 95311
0.5715 0.71010
0.4329
4.7145
0.57
ICCV 95332
0.8374 1.11660
0.5582
2.5122
0.84
ICCV 95333
0.4332 0.57760
0.2888
1.2996
0.43
ICCV 95334
0.7140 0.61400
0.6900
2.0180
0.67
ICCV 06301
0.9900 1.32000
0.6600
2.9700
0.99
ICCV 06306
0.8342 1.11220
0.5562
2.5026
0.83
ICCV 07304
0.9138 1.21830
0.6093
2.7414
0.91
ICCV 07306
0.6666 0.88850
0.4447
1.9998
0.67
ICCV 07307
1.3070 1.74260
0.8714
3.9210
1.31
ICCV 07309
0.6209 0.82770
0.4141
1.0627
0.62
ICCV 07312
0.5242 0.69890
0.3495
1.5726
0.52
ICCV 07313
0.4419 0.58910
0.2947
1.3257
0.44
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
57
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
6.501
0.224
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
3.622
1.811 19.998**
Error
58
0.650
0.011
TOTAL
89
10.773
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.45%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
58
58
Appendix Table 12. Mean yield per hectare
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
1129.80 1439.66
819.94
3389.4
1129.80
ICCV 10
1198.00 1595.70
800.30
3594.0
1198.00
ICCV 93952
1302.30 1736.30
868.30
3906.6
1302.30
ICCV 93954
816.80 1072.30
561.30
2450.4
816.80
ICCV 94954
536.20
714.80
357.60
1608.6
536.20
ICCV 06101
608.10
810.60
405.60
1824.3
608.10
ICCV 06102
912.30 1216.30
608.30
2736.9
912.30
ICCV 06104
1056.60 1408.70
704.50
3169.8
1056.60
ICCV 06105
755.00 1006.60
303.40
226.5
755.00
ICCV 06106
325.90
434.40
217.40
977.7
325.90
ICCV 06107
848.20 1130.80
565.60
2544.6
848.20
ICCV 06108
1049.00 1398.50
699.50
3147.0
1049.00
ICCV 07107
400.60
507.40
293.80
1201.0
400.60
ICCV 07114
941.20 1254.90
627.50
28.33.6
941.20
ICCV 07115
667.00
889.20
444.00
2000.2
666.73
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
625.40
833.80
417.00
1876.2
625.40
ICCV 92311
965.10 1286.70
643.50
2895.3
965.10
ICCV 92337
394.00
541.90
246.10
1182.0
394.00
ICCV 95311
571.50
710.10
432.90
1714.5
571.50
ICCV 95332
837.40 1116.60
558.20
2512.2
837.40
ICCV 95333
433.20
577.60
288.80
1299.6
433.20
ICCV 95334
714.00
614.00
690.00
2018.0
672.67
ICCV 06301
990.00 1320.00
660.00
2970.0
990.00
ICCV 06306
834.20 1112.20
556.200
2502.6
834.20
ICCV 07304
913.80 1218.30
609.30
27414.0
613.80
ICCV 07306
666.60
888.50
444.70
1999.8
666.60
ICCV 07307
1307.00 1742.60
871.40
3921.0
1307.00
ICCV 07309
620.90
827.70
414.10
1862.7
620.90
ICCV 07312
524.20
698.90
349.50
1572.6
524.20
ICCV 07313
441.90
589.10
294.70
1325.7
441.90
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
59
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES
SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
6501116.751 224176.440 19.998**
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
3621566.963 180783.483
Error
58
650189.349 11210.161
TOTAL
89
10772873.063
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.45%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
60
60
Appendix Table 13. Weight of 100 seeds (g)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
14.2
15
14.8
44.0
14.67
ICCV 10
15.0
13
11.7
39.7
13.23
ICCV 93952
19.5
21
22.5
63.0
21.00
ICCV 93954
17.9
17.3
18.0
53.2
17.73
ICCV 94954
20.7
20.5
22.1
63.3
21.10
ICCV 06101
20.6
20.8
22.7
64.1
21.37
ICCV 06102
21.0
21.7
19.3
62.0
20.67
ICCV 06104
17.2
17.4
17.9
52.5
17.50
ICCV 06105
35.4
36.6
38.4
110.4
36.80
ICCV 06106
18.2
18.5
18.5
55.2
18.40
ICCV 06107
22.7
22.0
22.7
67.4
22.47
ICCV 06108
23.4
22.5
22.7
68.6
22.87
ICCV 07107
15.8
15.4
15.3
46.5
15.50
ICCV 07114
25.7
22.1
24.6
72.4
24.13
ICCV 07115
15.3
16.3
16.8
48.4
16.13
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
20.4
20.8
21.1
62.3
20.77
ICCV 92311
35.7
32.7
36.0
104.4
34.80
ICCV 92337
23.0
23.2
28.6
74.8
24.93
ICCV 95311
26.1
26.7
25.4
78.2
26.07
ICCV 95332
30.1
29.1
28.0
87.4
29.07
ICCV 95333
23.7
27.6
27.7
79.0
26.33
ICCV 95334
2.44
23.4
25.6
73.4
24.47
ICCV 06301
23.7
25.1
27.1
75.9
25.30
ICCV 06306
22.3
24.3
25.0
71.6
23.87
ICCV 07304
28.4
28.8
26.4
83.6
27.87
ICCV 07306
30.6
23.7
23.2
77.5
25.83
ICCV 07307
39.1
33.2
32.2
104.5
34.83
ICCV 07309
25.6
31.2
26.8
83.6
27.87
ICCV 07312
28.8
22.0
22.8
73.6
24.53
ICCV 07313
27.2
25.1
27.7
80.0
26.67
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
61
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
2911.371
100.392
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
4.770
2.385 30.046**
Error
58
193.797
3.341
TOTAL
89
3109.938
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.26%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
62
62
Appendix Table 14. Germination test (%)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT
I
II
III
TOTAL
MEAN
Desi Type
ICCC 37
72.00
42.00
70.00
184.00
61.33
ICCV 10
48.00
40.00
46.00
134.00
49.67
ICCV 93952
14.00
32.00
30.00
76.00
25.33
ICCV 93954
80.00
82.00
82.00
244.00
81.33
ICCV 94954
66.00
66.00
84.00
216.00
72.00
ICCV 06101
80.00
62.00
30.00
172.00
57.33
ICCV 06102
82.00
94.00
86.00
262.00
87.33
ICCV 06104
74.00
44.00
62.00
180.00
60.00
ICCV 06105
62.00
64.00
78.00
204.00
68.00
ICCV 06106
32.00
28.00
52.00
112.00
37.33
ICCV 06107
26.00
38.00
28.00
92.00
30.67
ICCV 06108
54.00
38.00
58.00
150.00
50.00
ICCV 07107
78.00
76.00
84.00
238.00
79.33
ICCV 07114
70..00
82.00
76.00
228.00
76.00
ICCV 07115
58.00
56.00
68.00
182.00
60.67
Kabuli Type
ICCV 2
90.00
84.00
88.00
262.00
87.33
ICCV 92311
53.00
60.00
74.00
186.00
62.00
ICCV 92337
64.00
56.00
64.00
184.00
61.33
ICCV 95311
94.00
88.00
78.00
260.00
86.67
ICCV 95332
84.00
68.00
70.00
222.00
74.00
ICCV 95333
72.00
56.00
62.00
190.00
63.33
ICCV 95334
49.33
44.33
56.33
149.90
50.00
ICCV 06301
54.00
72.00
58.00
184.00
61.33
ICCV 06306
68.00
60.00
80.00
208.00
69.33
ICCV 07304
64.00
48.00
48.00
166.00
53.33
ICCV 07306
50.00
48.00
56.00
154.00
51.33
ICCV 07307
30.00
36.00
44.00
110.00
36.67
ICCV 07309
72.00
76.00
60.00
208.00
69.33
ICCV 07312
70.00
62.00
54.00
186.00
62.00
ICCV 07313
66.00
84.00
80.00
230.00
76.67
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
63
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE OF
DEGREES OF
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F
TABULAR F
VARIATION
FREEDOM
SQUARES SQUARES VALUE
0.05
0.01
Replication
29
23246.637
801.608
1.65
2.03
Treatment
2
258.689
129.344 5.500**
Error
58
5469.978
94.310
TOTAL
89
28975.304
** - Highly significant
Coefficient of variation = 0.52%
Germplasm Collection and Evaluation of Chickpea Accessions
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Fe A. Dominguez. 2007
Document Outline
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- Field Emergence
- Days from Planting to 50% Flowering
- Average Height at Flowering (cm)
- Final Height
- Days from Planting to First Harvest
- Mean Number of Lateral Branches at Flowering
- Total Number of Harvest or Picking
- Number of Filled and Unfilled Pods Produced Per Plant
- Seed Yield Per Plant
- Total Yield Per Plot
- Total Yield Per Hectare
- Weight of 100 Seeds (g)
- Germination Test
- Pest and Diseases
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- Summary
- Conclusion
- Recommendation
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES