BIBLIOGRAPHY CATANO, KAREN B. APRIL 2007. Attitude...
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CATANO, KAREN B. APRIL 2007. Attitude Towards and Perceptions on BSU-
On-The-Air Program Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Anna Liza B. Wakat, MDevCom
ABSTRACT
This study characterized the Kalanguya farmers and listeners of BSU-On-The-Air
program, determined the listeners’ attitude towards BSU on the Air, determined the
listeners’ perceptions towards BSU on the Air, determined the information gained by the
farmers from BSU on the Air, enumerated the information needs of listeners, and
determined the suggestions and comments of the listeners about the program. An
interview schedule was used in gathering information from 45 respondents. Data gathered
were illustrated in tables and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentage,
frequency counts and ranking.
The respondents who were Kalanguya farmers and listeners of BSU-On-The-Air
program were from different ages, both males and females, were either married or single
and all had formal education.
Respondents had positive attitude and favorable perception towards the program.
Majority claimed that they gained wide-ranging information aside from agriculture-
related information from the program and they needed more information on agriculture
specifically on how to control pests and diseases infesting their crops.
The study recommends that Benguet State University should continue the airing
of BSU-On-The-Air program since it is serving its purpose to bring viable agricultural
information even to far flung communities and look into the possibility of extending the
length of the program. In addition, it is recommended that more studies on the listeners’
attitudes and perceptions on the BSU-On-The-Air program should be done in some other
rural farming communities where the program could be accessed and the program should
have its own monitoring and evaluation system since these are necessary activities in a
project management cycle.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION
Rationale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Statement of the Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
Objectives of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Importance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Scope and Limitation of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Profile of Listeners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Attitude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
Perception. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Information Gained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Information Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Suggestions and Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
Respondents of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
Data Collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
Data Gathered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
iii
Data Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Socio-economic Profile of the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12
Attitudes Towards BSU-On-The-Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Perceptions on the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Information Gained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Comments and Suggestions of the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Information Needs of Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
LITERATURE CITED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
APPENDICES
A. Communication Letter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
B. Interview Schedule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
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1
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
One of the four-fold functions of Benguet State University is Extension which
aim is to disseminate mature and commercially viable technologies to all sectors of the
society. To fulfill this goal, a radio program dubbed as “Mannalon: Namnama ti Pagilian”
(Farmers: The Hope of The Nation) came to existence. The program was first heard over
the radio station DZWT on January 14, 1997 and was jointly funded by Benguet State
University, Department of Agriculture-CAR, Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR)-
Benguet Province and NOVARTIS, a private chemical company.
In, 1999, due to wide acceptance of the radio program shown by listeners through
phone calls, letters and personal visits to the BSU Extension office, its airing was
continued with the new name BSU Agri-School on the Air. It was in 2001 that the
University decided to solely fund the program and had given the name “BSU on the Air”
which is its title at present.
In November 8, 2002, BSU on the Air was awarded second place in the
Professional Media Award, Broadcast category by the Philippine Council for Agriculture,
Forestry and Natural Resources and Development (PCARRD), Department of Science
and Technology (DOST).
In October 2005, the anchorperson, Prof. Silvestre L. Kudan started receiving
queries through text messages. More than 17, 300 text messages were received from the
program’s listeners. The commonly asked queries were on what pesticide and fertilizer
were to be applied to certain plant diseases (Kudan, 2009).
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
2
For more than 12 years of airing, the program has been disseminating timely
agricultural technologies and other related issues such as in environment, health and
sanitation, values formation and education. This is supported by previous researches
conducted by some students who did surveys on the listenership, attitudes towards and
perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air among listeners in some areas in the province.
The wavelength of DZWT which is the home station of BSU on the Air can reach
all the municipalities of Benguet, some parts of Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya and
Region II and most parts of Region I. Also some parts of Ifugao including the
Municipality of Tinoc which is
Since the farmers who are referred as “the backbone of the nation” are the major
listeners of BSU on the Air, it is pertinent to determine their attitudes towards and their
perceptions on the program. There is a need for this study for its results may help in the
monitoring and evaluation of the program and in finding out the strengths and
weaknesses of the program.
Statement of the Problem
The aim of this study is to know the attitudes and perceptions of the farmers of the
three barangays namely Pobalacion, Ap-apid and Impugong of of Tinoc, Ifugao.
Specifically, the study aims to seek answers to the following questions:
1) What are the socio-demographic profiles of the listeners?
2) What are the listeners’ attitudes towards BSU on the Air?
3) What are the listeners’ perceptions towards BSU on the Air?
4) What information do the farmers learn from BSU on the Air?
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
3
5) What are the information needs of the listeners?
6) What are the suggestions and comments of the listeners towards the BSU- On-
The Air?
Objectives of the Study
The study was conducted to:
1. characterize the listeners of BSU on the Air;
2. determine the listeners’ attitude towards BSU on the Air:
3. determine the listeners’ perceptions towards BSU on the Air;
4. determine the information gained by the farmers from BSU on the Air;
5. enumerate the information needs of listeners; and
6. Determine the suggestions and comments of the listeners about the program.
Importance of the Study
Results of the study may serve as reference for the BSU on the Air in improving
the program according to the suggestions and comments of their listeners. It may also
serve as reference to students who will be conducting the same or related research.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
The research focused on the respondent’s profile, attitudes and perception towards
BSU on the Air, information gained from the program, information needs, the
respondents’ comments and suggestions about the program. The study did not include the
listenership profile of the respondents.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Profile of Listeners
Allan (2007) in her study found out that 100% of her respondents listened to the
radio to get information on agriculture or current vegetable prices. Majority of her
respondents were female and most respondents belonged to the age of 40 years old and
below. Seventy-seven percent (77%) of them were married; farming was the main source
of livelihood.
Pocdo (2003) in her findings said that the listeners of BSU on the Air were
farmers who were either female or male, belong to the different age bracket, single,
married, widower and were literate.
In the study of Laguiwey (2000) entitled Gender Issues Affecting the
Development of Rural Families in Tinoc, Ifugao, out of her 48 respondents, 43.75% fall
within the age bracket of 31-40 years old. The youngest was 22 years old and 62 years
old was the oldest. Seventy one percent were female and only 29 % were male. As to
educational attainment, 6.25% of the respondents were illiterate, 54.17% finished
elementary; 33.33% completed high school; and 6.25% finished a college degree. All her
respondents (100%) belonged to the Kalanguya tribe and have farming as their major
source of income; 64.85%, piggery production; 33.33% buy and sell; and 18.17%
carpentry.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
5
Attitude
Attitude is defined in the Wikipedia (2009), as a hypothetical construct that
represents an individual's degree of like or dislike for an item. Attitudes are generally
positive or negative views of a person, place, thing, or event-- this is often referred to as
the attitude object. People can also be conflicted or ambivalent toward an object, meaning
that they simultaneously possess both positive and negative attitudes toward the item in
question. Merriam Webster’s On Line Dictionary defines attitude as a mental position
with regard to a fact or state (a helpful attitude) and a feeling or emotion toward a fact or
state.
According to Pocdo (2003) listeners had a positive attitude towards BSU-On-The-
Air. Findings showed that multiple responses of the respondents was an indicator that
topics were helpful to their farming activities and also in improving their livelihoods.
Sixty percent of the respondents said they would support the program by practicing the
topics aired; 52% by listening to the program and 24% by recommending it to others.
The study of Paulino (2009) farmers in Madaymen, Kibungan favored the topics
aired by BSU-On-The-Air. Majority (72%) claimed that it was through the topics aired in
the program that they were able to improve their production of crops and 25% said topics
aired helped them achieve better quality of living.
Perception
In the study of Pocdo (2003) farmers in barangay Pacso, Kabayan, Benguet
claimed that BSU on the Air program is helpful. The reasons why the respondents said
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
6
that the program was helpful; 86% said it introduced new technology in farming; 58%
said it helped increase productivity and 10% said because topics were new.
According to Palayen (2007) 60% of her respondents who were farmers in
Baculongan Sur perceived that the host of “Boses Ti Farmers” program was good in
delivering his topic because he is witty and humorous. Majority (94%) of the respondents
claimed that the topics discussed were beneficial to them.
Information Gained
Paulino (2003) found out that 58% radio listeners in Barangay Palina, Kibungan,
Benguet get news and public service announcement, 24% said they acquire information
on agriculture and 18% says on livelihood. In the study of Apilado (1981) as cited by
Pocdo (2003) 24% said that radio gives educational information. He also found out that
the farmers claimed that radio broadcasts are reliable sources of local events.
Information Needs
In Barangay Lusod and Barangay Tawangan, Kabayan, Benguet, 75% of the
residents needed information on agriculture-related information because 755 of the
residents are farmers. New information on technologies especially in terms of farming or
agriculture was the information need of 35% respondents and 10% on politics (Abag,
2005).
In Alno and Bahong, La Trinidad, Benguet in the study of Onnon (2005), 100%
of the respondents claimed that they needed information on pest and disease control in
cut flowers; 64% on fertilization for cut flowers and 35% on farm management.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
7
In the study of Palayen (2007), 82% among the vegetable farmers in Baculongan
Sur claimed that they need further information in general agriculture and 40% said they
need topics in swine production to be tackled.
Suggestions and Comments
Atiwag (1999) on her study about the Listenership of Benguet State University-
AgriSchool On the Air Program in Lengaoan, Buguias (1997-1998), 20 respondents
(66.67%) suggested that the program be lengthened to 30minutes and 10 respondents
(33.33%) suggested the time of airing be back to its original time which was 5:45 a.m
(the time of airing at the time of her study was 5:10a.m). On her study, she has
recommended that BSU-AgriSOA which is BSU-On-The-Air at present should conduct
regular surveys of subjects to be tackled in the program in areas which are reached by the
airwaves of DZWT.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
8
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of Study
The municipality of Tinoc is being inhabited by people called Kalanguya (Fig. 1
and 2.). The total population in the area is 12,045 coming from 1,680 households. This is
according to the latest survey conducted by the National Statistics Office in 2007. The
total land area is 33, 384 hectares and is situated near three provinces: Benguet in the
South, Nueva Viscaya in the west and Mountain Province in the East. There are twelve
barangays in the municipality, all of which can be reached by the wavelength of DZWT,
the home station of BSU on the Air. However, this study will be conducted in three
agriculture-based barangays namely, Impugong, Poblacion and Ap-apid.
Tinoc is basically an agricultural municipality because of its topography and
temperature climate condition. Has an agricultural area about 5,802 hectares. Farmers’
crops in are beans, sweet peas, cabbage, chinese cabbage, carrots, potatoes and other
more.
This study was conducted on the month of January and February, 2010.
Respondents of the Study
Forty-five respondents of the study were chosen through purposive quota
sampling with the following criteria:
1. Respondent should be a farmer
2. Should be a listener of BSU on the Air (for at least more than a year) and
3. Should be a Kalanguya.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
9
Figure1. Map of Ifugao showing the location of Tinoc
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
10
Figure 2. Map of Tinoc, Ifugao showing the location of Barangays Ap-apid,Impugong
and Pobalacion
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
11
Data Collection
The researcher used focused group discussion and personally conducted an
interview schedule to each of the respondents to ensure that full information needed were
gathered with the use of an updated instrument which was used by Pocdo on her research
in 2003.
Data Gathered
Data gathered were the characteristics of the respondents, respondents’ attitudes
toward and perceptions on BSU on the Air, respondents’ information needs, farmers’
suggestions and comments and their overall rating or evaluation of the program.
Data Analysis
The data gathered from the respondents were tabulated, illustrated in tables and
analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency counts and ranking.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
12
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio-economic Profile of the Respondents
The study had 45 respondents who were purposively chosen.
Table 1 presents the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents according
to age, civil status, sex and educational attainment.
Age. Among the 45 respondents, 15 (33.33%) belonged to the age bracket 21-30
while 24.44% fell within the age bracket 31-40. Seventeen years old was the youngest
and 60 years old was the oldest.
Civil status and Sex. In terms of sex, 53.33% of the respondents were male while
46.67% were female. As to civil status, majority (80%) of the respondents was married
and 20% were single. The result shows that there is a slight difference in the number of
male and female engaged in farming. This result is similar to the study of Allan (2007)
where 77% were male.
Educational attainment. Findings show that 42.22% among the 45 respondents
reached high school level, 31.11% have been to college while 26.67% said to have
reached elementary level. This shows that all the respondents had formal education thus
they are literate.
Results show that the farmers and listeners of BSU-On-The-Air program were
from different ages, both males and females, were either married or single and had formal
education.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
13
Table 1. Profile of the respondents
CHARACTERISTICS NO. OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)
Age
20 and below
3
6.67
21-30
15
33.33
31-40
11
24.44
41-50
10
22.22
51-60
6
13.33
TOTAL 45 100
Sex
Female
21
46.67
Male
24
53.33
TOTAL
45
100.00
Civil Status
Single
36
80.00
Married
9
20.00
TOTAL 45
100
Educational Attainment
Elementary level
12
26.67
High School level
19
42.22
College level
14
31.11
TOTAL 45
100
Attitudes Towards BSU-On-The-Air
Topics aired. Table 2 shows the reasons why all the respondents were in favor of
the topics aired. Majority (84.44%) claimed that topics were relevant to their information
needs especially in their need for agriculture-related information; 25 (55.56%) said it
provided answers to their questions; and 33.33% said that topics aired were interesting
and enabled them to produce better quality of crops.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
14
Table 2. Reasons for favoring the topics
REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
N=45
Topics are relevant information needs
38
84.44
It provides answers to questions
25
55.56
Topics are interesting
15
33.33
It enables the farmers to produce better quality
15
33.33
of crops
*Multiple responses
Findings were identical with the result of Pocdo's (2003) study, where 64% stated
that the topics aired enabled the farmers to produce better varieties of crops and 56% that
it helped people to achieve better living.
The study of Paulino (2009) substantiates this result. Farmers in Madaymen,
Kibungan favored the topics aired. Majority (72%) claimed that it was through the topics
aired in the program that they were able to improve their production of crops and 25%
said topics aired helped them achieve better quality of living.
Respondents favored the topics being aired because most of the agricultural tips
and practices aired were applicable in their farms. Table 3 shows that all the respondents
claimed they were applying the tips and practices in their farm activities and their reasons
for applying the tips and practices were: to increase productivity (68.85 %); it enabled
them to produce better quality of crops (35.56%); 17.78 % they experimented and 8.89%
said their reason was to lessen expenses in farm inputs.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
15
Table 3. Reasons for applying aired agricultural tips/practices in their farm
REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
To increase farm productivity
31
68.89
It enables us to produce better quality of crops
16
35.56
For experiments
8
17.78
To lessen expenses in farm inputs
4
8.89
*Multiple responses
Results show that famers had various reasons for applying the tips and practices
they heard from BSU-On-The-Air in their farm.
Table 4 shows the tips or practices which were applied by the respondents. Thirty-
four respondents (75.56 %) said they have applied natural/organic farming practices,
46.67% pest management practices and 33.33% tips on planting method such as soaking
of carrot seeds for a night before planting them because it speed up the carrot seed to
germinate.
Farmers claimed during the interview that the practices which they have applied
were appropriate in their farms.
Results show that majority of the farmers adopted and applied the practice of
natural or organic farming practices and other practices being aired by BSU-On-The-Air
program.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
16
Table 4. Tips/practices which were applied by the respondents
TIPS/PRACTICES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Natural/Organic farming practice
34
75.56
Pest management
21
46.67
Planting method
15
33.33
*Multiple responses
Support to the program. All the respondents were willing to support BSU-On-
The-Air program. Table 5 shows that majority (93.33%) of the respondents said they will
continue listening to the program, 32 (77.78%) said another way of showing their support
is through practicing the knowledge and skills learned while 33.33% said they will
recommend it to others.
Results of this study corroborate the result of Pocdo's (2003) study on the ways
how the farmers in Pacso, Kabayan, Benguet would support the program. Sixty-six
percent of the respondents said they would support the program by practicing the topics
aired; 52% by listening to the program and 24% by recommending it to others.
One way of supporting the BSU-On-The-Air program is through recommending it
to others. Among the 45 respondents, there were nine who did not recommend the
program to others while majority (80%) did. Table 6 shows the respondents’ reasons for
recommending and not recommending BSU-On-The-Air to others. Twenty-eight among
the 36 who recommended the program said thet they did it so that others will gain
knowledge on farm management. Seventeen said it was because they exchanged
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
17
Table 5. Respondents’ ways to support the program
WAYS OF SUPPORTING FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
N=45
By listening
42
93.33
By practicing the knowledge and skills learned
35
77.78
from the program
By recommending it to others
15
33.33
*Multiple responses
Table 6. Reasons of recommending and not recommending the program to others
REASONS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
N=45
For recommending
( n=36)
80
So that they will gain knowledge in farm
28
77.78
Management
We exchange information with other
17
47.78
So that they can increase their productivity
10
27.78
So that they can recommend it to others
5
13.89
For not recommending
(n=9)
20
No reason given
4
44.44
Signal is not clear in their area
3
33.33
Never thought of it
2
22.22
*Multiple responses
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
18
information with each other especially during "dah-ngah" and "obbo". These were
activities where they helped each other in their farm activities such as cleaning and
plowing of farm, planting and harvesting.
The reasons of nine respondents who said they have not recommended the
program to others were: signal was not clear in their area (33.33%); never thought of the
idea (22.22%) while 44.44% were not able to give their reason.
Perceptions on the Program
Topics aired. Table 7 shows the perception of respondents towards the topics
aired. Majority said topics aired were beneficial to them since the topics aired were
informative (88.89%) and the rest said topics aired can be practiced in the locality.
Farmers said that some of the topics aired were not applicable in their locality and
in their farms like topics about strawberry, lowland/dry land growing of rice and other
topics. But they claimed they gained knowledge anyway.
Respondents claimed that the program was important to them. Table 8 shows the
reasons given by the respondents for saying so. Almost two-thirds claimed that it gives
them helpful and applicable agriculture-related information and 35.56% said the program
answers their information needs.
This finding confirmed that the program was therefore important and the main
aim of the program which is to disseminate agriculture information to the farmers
especially in far flung areas was met.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
19
Table 7. Perceptions about the topics aired
PERCEPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
N=45
Topics aired were informative
40
88.89
Topics aired can be practiced in the locality
38
84.44
*Multiple responses
Table 8. Reasons why the program was important
REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Answers information needs of farmers
16
35.56
Gives helpful and applicable information
29
64.44
TOTAL
45
100
In the study of Pocdo (2003), 14 respondents responded that the program was
important. Thirty-two percent said it was because it educated them on farm management
and 4% claimed it gave additional knowledge.
All the respondents said that the program was helpful to them and this was one of
the reason they favored the topics aired. Table 9 presents the reasons of the respondents.
Majority (77.78 %) said that the program introduced new technologies in farming and
more than one-half said it helps them increase their farm productivity. Other reasons
given were: increases awareness on God's creation (20%), topics aired are new (13.33%)
and it answers questions of farmers (2.22%).
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
20
Table 9. Reasons why the program was helpful
REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
N=45
It introduces new technologies in farming
35
77.78
It helps increase productivity
26
57.78
Increases awareness on God’s creation
9
20.00
Topics aired are new
6
13.33
Answers questions of farmers
1
2.22
*Multiple responses
Respondents also claimed that the program helped them in their farming
activities. Table 10 shows that 73% claimed that their natural/organic farming practices
were aided; pest management, 55.56 %; planting method. 48.89 % and 20 % claimed
their activities in crop rotation.
Findings of Paulino (2009) supports the result of this study. Her study showed
that the farming activities of farmers in Madaymen, Kibungan which were improved
were: 58%, planting method; 55%, pest management and 28% on their crop rotation
activities.
Results imply that the topics being aired by the program aided and helped
improve farm activities of farmers who listened to BSU-On-The-Air program.
The respondents perceived several effects of BSU-On-The-Air in their
community. Table 11 presents the frequency, percentage and rank of their perceived
effects. More than half (53.33%) of the respondents said that the program helped
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
21
Table 10. Helped in farming activities
FARMING ACTIVITIES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Natural/ Organic farming practices
33
73.33
Pest management
25
55.56
Planting method
22
48.89
Crop rotation
9
20.00
*Multiple responses
decrease problems in their farm; this, according to them was through the information
being imparted by the program, their knowledge on how to manage pests, crop diseases
are being increased. Almost half (46.67%) claimed that community people were informed
on then different techniques of crop production. Sixteen respondents said the program
influenced the community to apply organic farming practices in their farm.
Farmers admitted though that they just apply some of the organic practices
alongside with pesticides and insecticides in their growing their crops because they
claimed that to apply natural farming in wide vegetable farms was risky, not easy and
they lack enough knowledge.
Results imply that though BSU-On-The-Air program disseminates good
agricultural information, the decision of applying it relied on the farmers.
Respondents were also asked about their perception whether BSU-On-the-Air
contributed to their success. All the respondents said that the program contributed to
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
22
Table 11. Perceived effects of BSU-On-The-Air to the community
EFFECTS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK
N=45
Decrease problem in farm management
24
53.33
1
Community people were informed on the
21
46.67
2
different techniques of crops production
Influenced listeners to apply organic farming
16
35.56
3
Increase crop yield/productivity thus helped
9
20
4
us have higher income
*Multiple responses
their success in terms of practicing agriculture but there were 5 who were not able to give
an exact answer because they just said "On nahmo" (May be). Table 12 presents the ways
mentioned by the respondents on how the program contributed to their success. Twenty-
nine respondents (64.44%) claimed it was through disseminating applicable information
which of course the respondents applied in their farms; 15.56%, through answering their
questions, 8.89% claimed through the tips on natural farming that helped them lessen
their expenses in farm inputs.
Results imply that BSU-On-The-Air program contributed in the success of the
farmers listening through disseminating relevant agricultural information.
Time of airing. Table 13 shows that majority (84.44 %) of the respondents said
the time of airing of BSU-On-The-Air which is 5:30-5:45 A.M is appropriate while 15.56
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
23
Table 12. Perceptions of respondents on how BSU-On-The-air contributed to their
success
PERCEPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Through disseminating applicable information
29
64.44
Through answering their questions
7
15.56
No answer
5
11.11
Tips on natural farming helps them lessen
4
8.89
expenses in farm inputs
TOTAL 45 100
% claimed the time to be too early. Respondents who claimed the time was too early
reasoned that their usual wake up time if tired from work is 6:00A.M.
Length of program. Table 13 presents the perceptions of respondents on the
length of program which is 15 minutes. Thirty-nine (86.67%) respondents claimed the
length of program to be too short and 13.33% said it was appropriate. Majority of the
respondents answered that 15 minutes is too short for the program since according to
them, almost all the topics are always being cut and takes a lot of days to finish a single
topic and sometimes what happens is only the question was being aired by the anchor in
that span of minutes.
Program
host. Respondents’ perceptions on the program host, Dr. Silvestre
Kudan “Bassit A Lakay” were shown in Table 13. Majority of the respondents said the
host was good in delivering messages (77.78%) and 42.22% said he was good in
translating technical terms into simple words or layman's term. They also added that he
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
24
Table 13. Perceptions of respondents towards time of airing, length of program and
program host
PERCEPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Time of airing (5:30 to 5:45 A.M)
Too early
7
15.56
Appropriate
38
84.44
TOTAL 45
100
Length of progam (15minutes)
Too short
39
86.67
Appropriate
6
13.33
TOTAL 45
100
Host of the program (Dr. Silvestre Kudan)
35
77.78
Good in delivering messages
Good in translating technical terms into simple words
20
42.22
TOTAL
100
speaks at moderate pace and is a reliable source of information since he is practicing
what he aired over the program.
Overall rating/evaluation of BSU-On-The-Air. Respondents' rating of the program
is shown in Table 14. Majority (75.56%) claimed that the program was very good or was
helping a lot while 24.44% said it was good or helping some. According to those who
rated the program good, it was because some of their co-farmers in the municipality were
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
25
not being reached by the frequency of the station where the program is and because some
are not yet aware about the existence of the program.
Information gained
Table 15 shows the information listeners gained from the program. Majority of
the respondents, (95.56%) claimed good agricultural practices as the number one
information they gained from the program. Twenty-nine respondents also gained Bible
teachings; 53.33%, information about social issues such as topic about the history and
cases of suicide in the country and in Benguet in particular; 42.44%, heard programs of
BSU being promoted where the program helped inform the listeners about the courses
offered, requirements and schedules of qualifying examination in the university and
28.89% gained information on animal production.
This corroborates the study of Pocdo (2003) where the respondents ranked
farming practices as number one information gained followed by animal production then
food production as information gained from the program.
Findings then imply that BSU-On-The-Air program is truly meeting the needs of
farmers in agricultural information.
Comments and Suggestions of the Respondents
Generally, all the respondents said that they were helped by the program in their
farm activities since it was one of their major sources of information. Since majority of
the respondents favored the topics aired, said the time of airing was appropriate and
claimed that the program helped them in their farming activities, only few gave specific
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
26
Table 14. Overall rating/evaluation of BSU-On-The-Air
RATING FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Very good (helping a lot)
34
75.56
Good (helping some)
11
24.44
TOTAL
45
100
Table 15. Information gained by respondents
INFORMATION GAINED FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Good agricultural practices
43
95.56
Bible teachings
29
64.44
Social Issues
24
53.33
Programs of BSU being promoted
19
42.22
Animal production
13
28.89
Food production
6
3.33
Ornamental production
2
4.44
*Multiple responses
suggestions and comments.
Respondents commented in Kalanguya that the program was helpful to them and
it was good because it used Ilocano as its medium and the time of airing was appropriate.
They added that they were thankful because the program answered their questions. The
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
27
respondents said they had problem regarding the signal of the station which was
sometimes weak and Chinese station takes its place.
For the suggestions for improvement, most of the respondents requested that the
program be at least 30 minutes or 1 hour if possible to accommodate more topics and
questions. They also said that topics must be continues and the program should discuss
more topics on health and nutrition and they added that speakers should always talk on
their line of specialization.
Information Needs of Respondents
Table 16 presents the information needs of the respondents. Majority indicated
that they were in need of more information in agriculture which included pests and
disease control in their crops. Others needed more information on more organic/natural
farming lectures, good varieties of seeds for planting, how to lobby for price control and
marketability of organic products. Respondents said that they wanted to know how they
can appeal that there will be control on the prices of vegetables to avoid lost on their part.
Respondents also ranked vegetables’ pests and disease control as their greatest
information need because of their current problems on club root, the yellowing of carrot’s
leaves “kamapitay ta karot tan kamadlas e bulong to takon bah-ba pay e bulan to” and the
rotting of the carrot before harvest time.
This result was supported by the study of Abag (2005) where 75% respondents in
barangays Lusod and Tawangan, Kabayan, Benguet needed agriculture-related
information because 755 of the residents were farmers. In addition, 82% of vegetable
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
28
farmers in Baculongan Sur, Buguias, needed further information in general agriculture,
Palayen (2007).
Results imply that the need of vegetable farmers for agricultural information
never stopped.
Table 16. Information needs of respondents
INFORMATION NEEDS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
N=45
Vegetables’ pests and diseases control
32
71.11
Health and Nutrition
9
20.00
Other possible livelihood
4
8.89
More organic/natural farming lectures
11
24.44
Good varieties of vegetable seeds for
2 4.44
planting
How to lobby for price control
2
4.44
Marketability of organic products
2
4.44
Herbal medicines
1
2.22
*Multiple responses
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
29
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
This study on the Attitude towards and perceptions on ‘BSU-On-The-Air’ of
Kalanguya farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao characterized the listeners, determined the listeners’
attitude towards and their perceptions on the program. It determined the information
gained by the listeners and their comments and suggestions for the improvement of the
program. Also, it enumerated the information needs of the respondents.
Interview schedule and focused group discussion were used in gathering the
information from 45 respondents who are farmers and listeners of BSU-On-The-Air
program. The questions were translated into Kalanguya to facilitate understanding
between the researcher and respondents. The study was conducted from January to
February, 2010. Data gathered were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive statistics
such as frequencies, percentages and ranking.
There was a slight difference between the number of female and male but
majority were married. Fifty-eight percent of the respondents fell within the age range
21-40 and all the respondents had their formal education.
All the respondents said that the program was important, helpful and beneficial to
them thus they claimed they put into practice what they heard and learned from the BSU-
On-The-Air. With regards to the time of airing, majority (84.44%) said the program’s
time of airing which is 5:30-5:45 A.M was appropriate while 39 (86.67%) respondents
said that 15 minutes length of program to be too short. Information gained by respondents
from the program were good agricultural practices, Bible teachings, social issues and
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
30
programs of BSU being promoted. Respondents’ number one information need was how
to control pests and diseases infecting their crops.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were derived:
1) The listeners had positive attitudes toward the program.
2) Perceptions of respondents on the topics, time, duration and host were
favorable.
3) Respondents gained wide-ranging information aside from good agricultural or
farming practices from the program.
4) Respondents needed more information on agriculture specifically on how to
control pests and diseases infesting their crops.
5) The respondents had generally good comments.
Recommendations
From the results and conclusions, the following are recommended:
1) Benguet State University should continue its airing of BSU-On-The-Air and
look into the possibility of extending the length of the program.
2) More studies on the listeners’ attitudes and perceptions on the BSU-On-The-
Air program should be done in some other rural farming communities where the program
could be accessed since its main stakeholders are the farmers and determine their
information needs. It is to be done also to gather more suggestions from listeners on how
to continually improve the program.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
31
3) For twelve years of airing, the program still does not have its monitoring and
evaluation team up to present. Thus, the program should have its own monitoring and
evaluation system since these are necessary activities in a project management cycle.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
32
LITERATURE CITED
ABAG, M. T. 2005. Information Needs and Information Sources of the Residents of
Barangay Tawangan and Barangay Lusod in Kabayan, Benguet. BS Thesis.
Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 14 and 15.
ALLAN, M. G. 2007. Listenership of the Program ‘Boses Ti Farmers’ in Poblacion,
Kibungan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet
P.
11.
ATIWAG, J. C. 1999. The Listenership of BSU’s Agri- School-On-The-Air Program in
Lengaoan (1997-1998). BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad,
Benguet. Pp. 38, 39 and 42.
KUDAN, S. L. 2009. BSU-On-The-Air. (Personal Interview).
LAGUIWEY, C. P. 2000. Gender Issues Affecting the Development of Rural Families in
Tinoc, Ifugao. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 12.
NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE. 2009. 2007 Census of Population. Retrieved on
November 26, 2009 from http://www.census.gov.ph/data/census2007/index.html
MERRIAM-WEBSTER ONLINE DICTIONARY.2009. Retrieved on November 26,
2009 from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/attitude
ONNON, A. D. 2005. Information Sources, Needs and Preferences of Cut Flower
Growers in Barangay Alno and Bahong, La Trinidad, Benguet. BS Thesis.
Benguet
State
University.
La Trinidad, Benguet. P.16.
PALAYEN, J. G. 2007. Perceptions of Baculongan Sur Vegetable Farmers on “Boses Ti
Farmers” Program. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet. P.
15 and 21.
PAULINO, J.D. 2009. Attitudes and Perceptions of Farmers Towards “BSU-On-The-
Air” in Madaymen, Kibungan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La
Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 11 and 14.
PAULINO, N. L. 2003. AM and FM Station Listenership in Barangay Palina, Kibungan,
Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 16.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
33
POCDO, M. S. 2003. Attitudes and Perceptions of Famers on BSU-On-The-air in
Barangay Pacso, Kabayan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State
University. La
Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 11, 15, 23 and 25.
WIKIPEDIA. 2009. Attitude (psychology). Retrieved on November 26, 2009 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attitude_(psychology)
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
34
APPENDIX A
Communication Letter
Benguet State University
College of Agriculture
DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION
La Trinidad, Benguet
January 27, 2010
HONORABLE LOPEZ PUGONG, SR.
Municipal Mayor
Tinoc, Ifugao
Sir:
Greetings!
I am a fourth year student of Benguet State University taking up BS in Development
Communication majoring in Community Broadcasting under the College of Agriculture.
As part of the requirements of this degree, I am currently conducting my
undergraduate thesis entitled, “ATTITUDES TOWARD AND PERCEPTIONS ON
BSU-ON-THE- AIR OF KALANGUYA FARMERS IN TINOC, IFUGAO.”
In this regard, please allow me to conduct an interview schedule among the farmers
of barangays of Ap-apid, Impugong and Poblacion. Rest assured that the information to
be gathered will be used for academic purpose only.
Thank you and God bless. Hagiyo!
Truly yours,
Karen B. Catano
Researcher
Noted:
Anna Liza B. Wakat
AdviserAdvisory Committee
And Department Chairperson
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
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APPENDIX B
Interview Schedule
ATTITUDE TOWARDS AND PERCEPTIONS ON
BSU-ON-THE-AIR OF KALANGUYA
FARMERS IN TINOC, IFUGAO
A. Characteristics of the Respondents
1. Name (Optional):_______________________________________________
2. Sex:____ Male ____ Female
3. Age: ___________
4. Civil Status: __________
5. Highest Educational Attainment: ____ Elementary level
____ High School level
____ College level
B. Attitudes towards BSU on the Air
1. Are you in favor of the topics?
____Yes, why?
____ Topics are relevant to our information needs
____ Topics are interesting
____ It enables the farmer to produce better quality of crops
____ It provides answers to questions we don’t understand
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____No, why not?
____ It is hard to practice
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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____ Not applicable in my farm
____ It cannot increase crop productivity
____ Not timely
____ Not interesting
____ Not relevant
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
2. Are you willing to support the program?
____Yes, how?
____ By listening
____ By practicing the knowledge and skills learned from the program
____By recommending it to others
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
____ No, why not?
____ Topics are not interesting
____ Topics are not helpful
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
3. Have you recommended the program to your friends/relatives/neighbors?
____ Yes, why?
____ So that they will gain knowledge in farm management
____ So that they can increase their productivity
____ So that they can recommend it to others
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____ No, why not?
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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____ Signal does not reach their area or not clear
____ Topics aired are repeated
____ Technical terms are being used
____ Program is boring
____ Information are not useful
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
4. Are you applying the farming tips or practices you hear from the program in
your farm activities?
____ Yes, why?
____ To increase farm productivity
____ It enables us to produce better quality of crops
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____ What tips or practices did you apply?
____ Natural/Organic farming practice
____ Pest management
____
Planting
method
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____ No, why not?
____ It decreases crop yield or farm productivity
____ Information are not useful or applicable in my farm
____ It is hard to practice
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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C. Perceptions towards BSU on the Air
1. Is the program important to you?
____ Yes, why?
___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____ No, why not?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. Is the program helpful to you?
____ Yes, why?
____ It introduces new technologies in farming
____ Topics aired are new
____ It helps increase productivity
____ Increases awareness on God’s creation
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
____ No, why not?
____ Can not help in our farm management
____ It can not help increase crop yield
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
3. Does the program help in your farming activities?
____ Yes. What activities are aided?
____
Planting
method
____ Crop rotation
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
39
____ Pest management
____ Natural/ Organic farming practices
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____ No. Why?_________________________________________________
4. What is your perception about the topics aired?
____ Beneficial, why?
____Topics aired can be practiced in the locality
____ Topics aired are informative
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
_____ Not beneficial, why?
____ Topics aired cannot be practiced in the locality
____ Topics aired are not appropriate in our farming
____ Others (Please specify) ____________________________________
What are the topics not beneficial?
____ Natural/Organic farming
____ Social issues (ex. health, environment, etc)
____ Vegetable production
____ Farm-animal raising
____ Mushroom production
____ Others (Please specify) ____________________________________
5. What can you say about the time of airing which is 5:30 to 5:45 A.M?
____ Too early
____ Too late
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
40
____ Appropriate
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
6. What can you say about the length of program?
____ Too short
____ Too long
____ Appropriate
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
7. What can you say about the host?
____ Good in delivering messages
____ He/she is boring
____ Good in translating technical terms into simple
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
8. Who do you prefer to anchor the program? (To those who have been listening
since 2003 up to present and remembers the anchors)
____ Dr. Johnny Dati (Dr. Sigod)
____ Prof. Anna Liza B. Wakat
____Mr. Silvestre L. Kudan (Bassit nga Lakay)
____ Others (Please specify) ____________________________________
Why him/her? ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
9. What do you think are the effects of BSU on the Air program to the
community? (Please Rank)
____ Decreases problem in farm management
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
41
____ Increases crop yield productivity thus helps us have higher income
____ Community people are informed on the different techniques of crops
production
____ Strong advocate of organic agriculture for life
____ Others (Please specify)______________________________________
10. Does the BSU on the Air program contribute to your success?
____ Yes, how?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____ No, why?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
11. Overall rating/ evaluation of BSU on the Air
____ Very good (Helping a lot)
____ Good (helping some)
____ Bad (Not helping)
D. Information Gained
1. What information have you heard from BSU on the Air?
____ Good agricultural practices
____ Animal production
____ Ornamental production
____ Food production
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
42
____ Programs of BSU being promoted
____ Social Issues (health, environment, etc)
____ Bible teachings
____ Others (Please specify) ____________________________________
E. Information needs
1. What topics do you want to be aired in the program?
__________________________________________________________________
F.
Suggestions/Comments
1. What do you suggest or your comment about the topics aired?
__________________________________________________________________
2. What do you suggest or is your comment for the improvement of the anchor?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. What do you like least about the program?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. What do you like best about the program?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. What are your comments about
the
program?
__________________________________________________________________
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
CATANO, KAREN B. APRIL 2007. Attitude Towards and Perceptions on BSU-
On-The-Air Program Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Anna Liza B. Wakat, MDevCom
ABSTRACT
This study characterized the Kalanguya farmers and listeners of BSU-On-The-Air
program, determined the listeners’ attitude towards BSU on the Air, determined the
listeners’ perceptions towards BSU on the Air, determined the information gained by the
farmers from BSU on the Air, enumerated the information needs of listeners, and
determined the suggestions and comments of the listeners about the program. An
interview schedule was used in gathering information from 45 respondents. Data gathered
were illustrated in tables and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentage,
frequency counts and ranking.
The respondents who were Kalanguya farmers and listeners of BSU-On-The-Air
program were from different ages, both males and females, were either married or single
and all had formal education.
Respondents had positive attitude and favorable perception towards the program.
Majority claimed that they gained wide-ranging information aside from agriculture-
related information from the program and they needed more information on agriculture
specifically on how to control pests and diseases infesting their crops.
The study recommends that Benguet State University should continue the airing
of BSU-On-The-Air program since it is serving its purpose to bring viable agricultural
information even to far flung communities and look into the possibility of extending the
length of the program. In addition, it is recommended that more studies on the listeners’
attitudes and perceptions on the BSU-On-The-Air program should be done in some other
rural farming communities where the program could be accessed and the program should
have its own monitoring and evaluation system since these are necessary activities in a
project management cycle.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION
Rationale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Statement of the Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
Objectives of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Importance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Scope and Limitation of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Profile of Listeners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Attitude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
Perception. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Information Gained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Information Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Suggestions and Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
Respondents of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
Data Collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
Data Gathered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
iii
Data Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Socio-economic Profile of the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12
Attitudes Towards BSU-On-The-Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Perceptions on the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Information Gained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Comments and Suggestions of the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Information Needs of Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
LITERATURE CITED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
APPENDICES
A. Communication Letter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
B. Interview Schedule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
iv
1
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
One of the four-fold functions of Benguet State University is Extension which
aim is to disseminate mature and commercially viable technologies to all sectors of the
society. To fulfill this goal, a radio program dubbed as “Mannalon: Namnama ti Pagilian”
(Farmers: The Hope of The Nation) came to existence. The program was first heard over
the radio station DZWT on January 14, 1997 and was jointly funded by Benguet State
University, Department of Agriculture-CAR, Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR)-
Benguet Province and NOVARTIS, a private chemical company.
In, 1999, due to wide acceptance of the radio program shown by listeners through
phone calls, letters and personal visits to the BSU Extension office, its airing was
continued with the new name BSU Agri-School on the Air. It was in 2001 that the
University decided to solely fund the program and had given the name “BSU on the Air”
which is its title at present.
In November 8, 2002, BSU on the Air was awarded second place in the
Professional Media Award, Broadcast category by the Philippine Council for Agriculture,
Forestry and Natural Resources and Development (PCARRD), Department of Science
and Technology (DOST).
In October 2005, the anchorperson, Prof. Silvestre L. Kudan started receiving
queries through text messages. More than 17, 300 text messages were received from the
program’s listeners. The commonly asked queries were on what pesticide and fertilizer
were to be applied to certain plant diseases (Kudan, 2009).
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
2
For more than 12 years of airing, the program has been disseminating timely
agricultural technologies and other related issues such as in environment, health and
sanitation, values formation and education. This is supported by previous researches
conducted by some students who did surveys on the listenership, attitudes towards and
perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air among listeners in some areas in the province.
The wavelength of DZWT which is the home station of BSU on the Air can reach
all the municipalities of Benguet, some parts of Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya and
Region II and most parts of Region I. Also some parts of Ifugao including the
Municipality of Tinoc which is
Since the farmers who are referred as “the backbone of the nation” are the major
listeners of BSU on the Air, it is pertinent to determine their attitudes towards and their
perceptions on the program. There is a need for this study for its results may help in the
monitoring and evaluation of the program and in finding out the strengths and
weaknesses of the program.
Statement of the Problem
The aim of this study is to know the attitudes and perceptions of the farmers of the
three barangays namely Pobalacion, Ap-apid and Impugong of of Tinoc, Ifugao.
Specifically, the study aims to seek answers to the following questions:
1) What are the socio-demographic profiles of the listeners?
2) What are the listeners’ attitudes towards BSU on the Air?
3) What are the listeners’ perceptions towards BSU on the Air?
4) What information do the farmers learn from BSU on the Air?
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
3
5) What are the information needs of the listeners?
6) What are the suggestions and comments of the listeners towards the BSU- On-
The Air?
Objectives of the Study
The study was conducted to:
1. characterize the listeners of BSU on the Air;
2. determine the listeners’ attitude towards BSU on the Air:
3. determine the listeners’ perceptions towards BSU on the Air;
4. determine the information gained by the farmers from BSU on the Air;
5. enumerate the information needs of listeners; and
6. Determine the suggestions and comments of the listeners about the program.
Importance of the Study
Results of the study may serve as reference for the BSU on the Air in improving
the program according to the suggestions and comments of their listeners. It may also
serve as reference to students who will be conducting the same or related research.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
The research focused on the respondent’s profile, attitudes and perception towards
BSU on the Air, information gained from the program, information needs, the
respondents’ comments and suggestions about the program. The study did not include the
listenership profile of the respondents.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Profile of Listeners
Allan (2007) in her study found out that 100% of her respondents listened to the
radio to get information on agriculture or current vegetable prices. Majority of her
respondents were female and most respondents belonged to the age of 40 years old and
below. Seventy-seven percent (77%) of them were married; farming was the main source
of livelihood.
Pocdo (2003) in her findings said that the listeners of BSU on the Air were
farmers who were either female or male, belong to the different age bracket, single,
married, widower and were literate.
In the study of Laguiwey (2000) entitled Gender Issues Affecting the
Development of Rural Families in Tinoc, Ifugao, out of her 48 respondents, 43.75% fall
within the age bracket of 31-40 years old. The youngest was 22 years old and 62 years
old was the oldest. Seventy one percent were female and only 29 % were male. As to
educational attainment, 6.25% of the respondents were illiterate, 54.17% finished
elementary; 33.33% completed high school; and 6.25% finished a college degree. All her
respondents (100%) belonged to the Kalanguya tribe and have farming as their major
source of income; 64.85%, piggery production; 33.33% buy and sell; and 18.17%
carpentry.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
5
Attitude
Attitude is defined in the Wikipedia (2009), as a hypothetical construct that
represents an individual's degree of like or dislike for an item. Attitudes are generally
positive or negative views of a person, place, thing, or event-- this is often referred to as
the attitude object. People can also be conflicted or ambivalent toward an object, meaning
that they simultaneously possess both positive and negative attitudes toward the item in
question. Merriam Webster’s On Line Dictionary defines attitude as a mental position
with regard to a fact or state (a helpful attitude) and a feeling or emotion toward a fact or
state.
According to Pocdo (2003) listeners had a positive attitude towards BSU-On-The-
Air. Findings showed that multiple responses of the respondents was an indicator that
topics were helpful to their farming activities and also in improving their livelihoods.
Sixty percent of the respondents said they would support the program by practicing the
topics aired; 52% by listening to the program and 24% by recommending it to others.
The study of Paulino (2009) farmers in Madaymen, Kibungan favored the topics
aired by BSU-On-The-Air. Majority (72%) claimed that it was through the topics aired in
the program that they were able to improve their production of crops and 25% said topics
aired helped them achieve better quality of living.
Perception
In the study of Pocdo (2003) farmers in barangay Pacso, Kabayan, Benguet
claimed that BSU on the Air program is helpful. The reasons why the respondents said
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
6
that the program was helpful; 86% said it introduced new technology in farming; 58%
said it helped increase productivity and 10% said because topics were new.
According to Palayen (2007) 60% of her respondents who were farmers in
Baculongan Sur perceived that the host of “Boses Ti Farmers” program was good in
delivering his topic because he is witty and humorous. Majority (94%) of the respondents
claimed that the topics discussed were beneficial to them.
Information Gained
Paulino (2003) found out that 58% radio listeners in Barangay Palina, Kibungan,
Benguet get news and public service announcement, 24% said they acquire information
on agriculture and 18% says on livelihood. In the study of Apilado (1981) as cited by
Pocdo (2003) 24% said that radio gives educational information. He also found out that
the farmers claimed that radio broadcasts are reliable sources of local events.
Information Needs
In Barangay Lusod and Barangay Tawangan, Kabayan, Benguet, 75% of the
residents needed information on agriculture-related information because 755 of the
residents are farmers. New information on technologies especially in terms of farming or
agriculture was the information need of 35% respondents and 10% on politics (Abag,
2005).
In Alno and Bahong, La Trinidad, Benguet in the study of Onnon (2005), 100%
of the respondents claimed that they needed information on pest and disease control in
cut flowers; 64% on fertilization for cut flowers and 35% on farm management.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
7
In the study of Palayen (2007), 82% among the vegetable farmers in Baculongan
Sur claimed that they need further information in general agriculture and 40% said they
need topics in swine production to be tackled.
Suggestions and Comments
Atiwag (1999) on her study about the Listenership of Benguet State University-
AgriSchool On the Air Program in Lengaoan, Buguias (1997-1998), 20 respondents
(66.67%) suggested that the program be lengthened to 30minutes and 10 respondents
(33.33%) suggested the time of airing be back to its original time which was 5:45 a.m
(the time of airing at the time of her study was 5:10a.m). On her study, she has
recommended that BSU-AgriSOA which is BSU-On-The-Air at present should conduct
regular surveys of subjects to be tackled in the program in areas which are reached by the
airwaves of DZWT.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
8
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of Study
The municipality of Tinoc is being inhabited by people called Kalanguya (Fig. 1
and 2.). The total population in the area is 12,045 coming from 1,680 households. This is
according to the latest survey conducted by the National Statistics Office in 2007. The
total land area is 33, 384 hectares and is situated near three provinces: Benguet in the
South, Nueva Viscaya in the west and Mountain Province in the East. There are twelve
barangays in the municipality, all of which can be reached by the wavelength of DZWT,
the home station of BSU on the Air. However, this study will be conducted in three
agriculture-based barangays namely, Impugong, Poblacion and Ap-apid.
Tinoc is basically an agricultural municipality because of its topography and
temperature climate condition. Has an agricultural area about 5,802 hectares. Farmers’
crops in are beans, sweet peas, cabbage, chinese cabbage, carrots, potatoes and other
more.
This study was conducted on the month of January and February, 2010.
Respondents of the Study
Forty-five respondents of the study were chosen through purposive quota
sampling with the following criteria:
1. Respondent should be a farmer
2. Should be a listener of BSU on the Air (for at least more than a year) and
3. Should be a Kalanguya.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
9
Figure1. Map of Ifugao showing the location of Tinoc
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
10
Figure 2. Map of Tinoc, Ifugao showing the location of Barangays Ap-apid,Impugong
and Pobalacion
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
11
Data Collection
The researcher used focused group discussion and personally conducted an
interview schedule to each of the respondents to ensure that full information needed were
gathered with the use of an updated instrument which was used by Pocdo on her research
in 2003.
Data Gathered
Data gathered were the characteristics of the respondents, respondents’ attitudes
toward and perceptions on BSU on the Air, respondents’ information needs, farmers’
suggestions and comments and their overall rating or evaluation of the program.
Data Analysis
The data gathered from the respondents were tabulated, illustrated in tables and
analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency counts and ranking.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
12
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio-economic Profile of the Respondents
The study had 45 respondents who were purposively chosen.
Table 1 presents the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents according
to age, civil status, sex and educational attainment.
Age. Among the 45 respondents, 15 (33.33%) belonged to the age bracket 21-30
while 24.44% fell within the age bracket 31-40. Seventeen years old was the youngest
and 60 years old was the oldest.
Civil status and Sex. In terms of sex, 53.33% of the respondents were male while
46.67% were female. As to civil status, majority (80%) of the respondents was married
and 20% were single. The result shows that there is a slight difference in the number of
male and female engaged in farming. This result is similar to the study of Allan (2007)
where 77% were male.
Educational attainment. Findings show that 42.22% among the 45 respondents
reached high school level, 31.11% have been to college while 26.67% said to have
reached elementary level. This shows that all the respondents had formal education thus
they are literate.
Results show that the farmers and listeners of BSU-On-The-Air program were
from different ages, both males and females, were either married or single and had formal
education.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
13
Table 1. Profile of the respondents
CHARACTERISTICS NO. OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE (%)
Age
20 and below
3
6.67
21-30
15
33.33
31-40
11
24.44
41-50
10
22.22
51-60
6
13.33
TOTAL 45 100
Sex
Female
21
46.67
Male
24
53.33
TOTAL
45
100.00
Civil Status
Single
36
80.00
Married
9
20.00
TOTAL 45
100
Educational Attainment
Elementary level
12
26.67
High School level
19
42.22
College level
14
31.11
TOTAL 45
100
Attitudes Towards BSU-On-The-Air
Topics aired. Table 2 shows the reasons why all the respondents were in favor of
the topics aired. Majority (84.44%) claimed that topics were relevant to their information
needs especially in their need for agriculture-related information; 25 (55.56%) said it
provided answers to their questions; and 33.33% said that topics aired were interesting
and enabled them to produce better quality of crops.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
14
Table 2. Reasons for favoring the topics
REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
N=45
Topics are relevant information needs
38
84.44
It provides answers to questions
25
55.56
Topics are interesting
15
33.33
It enables the farmers to produce better quality
15
33.33
of crops
*Multiple responses
Findings were identical with the result of Pocdo's (2003) study, where 64% stated
that the topics aired enabled the farmers to produce better varieties of crops and 56% that
it helped people to achieve better living.
The study of Paulino (2009) substantiates this result. Farmers in Madaymen,
Kibungan favored the topics aired. Majority (72%) claimed that it was through the topics
aired in the program that they were able to improve their production of crops and 25%
said topics aired helped them achieve better quality of living.
Respondents favored the topics being aired because most of the agricultural tips
and practices aired were applicable in their farms. Table 3 shows that all the respondents
claimed they were applying the tips and practices in their farm activities and their reasons
for applying the tips and practices were: to increase productivity (68.85 %); it enabled
them to produce better quality of crops (35.56%); 17.78 % they experimented and 8.89%
said their reason was to lessen expenses in farm inputs.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
15
Table 3. Reasons for applying aired agricultural tips/practices in their farm
REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
To increase farm productivity
31
68.89
It enables us to produce better quality of crops
16
35.56
For experiments
8
17.78
To lessen expenses in farm inputs
4
8.89
*Multiple responses
Results show that famers had various reasons for applying the tips and practices
they heard from BSU-On-The-Air in their farm.
Table 4 shows the tips or practices which were applied by the respondents. Thirty-
four respondents (75.56 %) said they have applied natural/organic farming practices,
46.67% pest management practices and 33.33% tips on planting method such as soaking
of carrot seeds for a night before planting them because it speed up the carrot seed to
germinate.
Farmers claimed during the interview that the practices which they have applied
were appropriate in their farms.
Results show that majority of the farmers adopted and applied the practice of
natural or organic farming practices and other practices being aired by BSU-On-The-Air
program.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
16
Table 4. Tips/practices which were applied by the respondents
TIPS/PRACTICES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Natural/Organic farming practice
34
75.56
Pest management
21
46.67
Planting method
15
33.33
*Multiple responses
Support to the program. All the respondents were willing to support BSU-On-
The-Air program. Table 5 shows that majority (93.33%) of the respondents said they will
continue listening to the program, 32 (77.78%) said another way of showing their support
is through practicing the knowledge and skills learned while 33.33% said they will
recommend it to others.
Results of this study corroborate the result of Pocdo's (2003) study on the ways
how the farmers in Pacso, Kabayan, Benguet would support the program. Sixty-six
percent of the respondents said they would support the program by practicing the topics
aired; 52% by listening to the program and 24% by recommending it to others.
One way of supporting the BSU-On-The-Air program is through recommending it
to others. Among the 45 respondents, there were nine who did not recommend the
program to others while majority (80%) did. Table 6 shows the respondents’ reasons for
recommending and not recommending BSU-On-The-Air to others. Twenty-eight among
the 36 who recommended the program said thet they did it so that others will gain
knowledge on farm management. Seventeen said it was because they exchanged
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
17
Table 5. Respondents’ ways to support the program
WAYS OF SUPPORTING FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
N=45
By listening
42
93.33
By practicing the knowledge and skills learned
35
77.78
from the program
By recommending it to others
15
33.33
*Multiple responses
Table 6. Reasons of recommending and not recommending the program to others
REASONS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
N=45
For recommending
( n=36)
80
So that they will gain knowledge in farm
28
77.78
Management
We exchange information with other
17
47.78
So that they can increase their productivity
10
27.78
So that they can recommend it to others
5
13.89
For not recommending
(n=9)
20
No reason given
4
44.44
Signal is not clear in their area
3
33.33
Never thought of it
2
22.22
*Multiple responses
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
18
information with each other especially during "dah-ngah" and "obbo". These were
activities where they helped each other in their farm activities such as cleaning and
plowing of farm, planting and harvesting.
The reasons of nine respondents who said they have not recommended the
program to others were: signal was not clear in their area (33.33%); never thought of the
idea (22.22%) while 44.44% were not able to give their reason.
Perceptions on the Program
Topics aired. Table 7 shows the perception of respondents towards the topics
aired. Majority said topics aired were beneficial to them since the topics aired were
informative (88.89%) and the rest said topics aired can be practiced in the locality.
Farmers said that some of the topics aired were not applicable in their locality and
in their farms like topics about strawberry, lowland/dry land growing of rice and other
topics. But they claimed they gained knowledge anyway.
Respondents claimed that the program was important to them. Table 8 shows the
reasons given by the respondents for saying so. Almost two-thirds claimed that it gives
them helpful and applicable agriculture-related information and 35.56% said the program
answers their information needs.
This finding confirmed that the program was therefore important and the main
aim of the program which is to disseminate agriculture information to the farmers
especially in far flung areas was met.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
19
Table 7. Perceptions about the topics aired
PERCEPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
N=45
Topics aired were informative
40
88.89
Topics aired can be practiced in the locality
38
84.44
*Multiple responses
Table 8. Reasons why the program was important
REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Answers information needs of farmers
16
35.56
Gives helpful and applicable information
29
64.44
TOTAL
45
100
In the study of Pocdo (2003), 14 respondents responded that the program was
important. Thirty-two percent said it was because it educated them on farm management
and 4% claimed it gave additional knowledge.
All the respondents said that the program was helpful to them and this was one of
the reason they favored the topics aired. Table 9 presents the reasons of the respondents.
Majority (77.78 %) said that the program introduced new technologies in farming and
more than one-half said it helps them increase their farm productivity. Other reasons
given were: increases awareness on God's creation (20%), topics aired are new (13.33%)
and it answers questions of farmers (2.22%).
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
20
Table 9. Reasons why the program was helpful
REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
N=45
It introduces new technologies in farming
35
77.78
It helps increase productivity
26
57.78
Increases awareness on God’s creation
9
20.00
Topics aired are new
6
13.33
Answers questions of farmers
1
2.22
*Multiple responses
Respondents also claimed that the program helped them in their farming
activities. Table 10 shows that 73% claimed that their natural/organic farming practices
were aided; pest management, 55.56 %; planting method. 48.89 % and 20 % claimed
their activities in crop rotation.
Findings of Paulino (2009) supports the result of this study. Her study showed
that the farming activities of farmers in Madaymen, Kibungan which were improved
were: 58%, planting method; 55%, pest management and 28% on their crop rotation
activities.
Results imply that the topics being aired by the program aided and helped
improve farm activities of farmers who listened to BSU-On-The-Air program.
The respondents perceived several effects of BSU-On-The-Air in their
community. Table 11 presents the frequency, percentage and rank of their perceived
effects. More than half (53.33%) of the respondents said that the program helped
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
21
Table 10. Helped in farming activities
FARMING ACTIVITIES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Natural/ Organic farming practices
33
73.33
Pest management
25
55.56
Planting method
22
48.89
Crop rotation
9
20.00
*Multiple responses
decrease problems in their farm; this, according to them was through the information
being imparted by the program, their knowledge on how to manage pests, crop diseases
are being increased. Almost half (46.67%) claimed that community people were informed
on then different techniques of crop production. Sixteen respondents said the program
influenced the community to apply organic farming practices in their farm.
Farmers admitted though that they just apply some of the organic practices
alongside with pesticides and insecticides in their growing their crops because they
claimed that to apply natural farming in wide vegetable farms was risky, not easy and
they lack enough knowledge.
Results imply that though BSU-On-The-Air program disseminates good
agricultural information, the decision of applying it relied on the farmers.
Respondents were also asked about their perception whether BSU-On-the-Air
contributed to their success. All the respondents said that the program contributed to
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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Table 11. Perceived effects of BSU-On-The-Air to the community
EFFECTS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK
N=45
Decrease problem in farm management
24
53.33
1
Community people were informed on the
21
46.67
2
different techniques of crops production
Influenced listeners to apply organic farming
16
35.56
3
Increase crop yield/productivity thus helped
9
20
4
us have higher income
*Multiple responses
their success in terms of practicing agriculture but there were 5 who were not able to give
an exact answer because they just said "On nahmo" (May be). Table 12 presents the ways
mentioned by the respondents on how the program contributed to their success. Twenty-
nine respondents (64.44%) claimed it was through disseminating applicable information
which of course the respondents applied in their farms; 15.56%, through answering their
questions, 8.89% claimed through the tips on natural farming that helped them lessen
their expenses in farm inputs.
Results imply that BSU-On-The-Air program contributed in the success of the
farmers listening through disseminating relevant agricultural information.
Time of airing. Table 13 shows that majority (84.44 %) of the respondents said
the time of airing of BSU-On-The-Air which is 5:30-5:45 A.M is appropriate while 15.56
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
23
Table 12. Perceptions of respondents on how BSU-On-The-air contributed to their
success
PERCEPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Through disseminating applicable information
29
64.44
Through answering their questions
7
15.56
No answer
5
11.11
Tips on natural farming helps them lessen
4
8.89
expenses in farm inputs
TOTAL 45 100
% claimed the time to be too early. Respondents who claimed the time was too early
reasoned that their usual wake up time if tired from work is 6:00A.M.
Length of program. Table 13 presents the perceptions of respondents on the
length of program which is 15 minutes. Thirty-nine (86.67%) respondents claimed the
length of program to be too short and 13.33% said it was appropriate. Majority of the
respondents answered that 15 minutes is too short for the program since according to
them, almost all the topics are always being cut and takes a lot of days to finish a single
topic and sometimes what happens is only the question was being aired by the anchor in
that span of minutes.
Program
host. Respondents’ perceptions on the program host, Dr. Silvestre
Kudan “Bassit A Lakay” were shown in Table 13. Majority of the respondents said the
host was good in delivering messages (77.78%) and 42.22% said he was good in
translating technical terms into simple words or layman's term. They also added that he
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
24
Table 13. Perceptions of respondents towards time of airing, length of program and
program host
PERCEPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Time of airing (5:30 to 5:45 A.M)
Too early
7
15.56
Appropriate
38
84.44
TOTAL 45
100
Length of progam (15minutes)
Too short
39
86.67
Appropriate
6
13.33
TOTAL 45
100
Host of the program (Dr. Silvestre Kudan)
35
77.78
Good in delivering messages
Good in translating technical terms into simple words
20
42.22
TOTAL
100
speaks at moderate pace and is a reliable source of information since he is practicing
what he aired over the program.
Overall rating/evaluation of BSU-On-The-Air. Respondents' rating of the program
is shown in Table 14. Majority (75.56%) claimed that the program was very good or was
helping a lot while 24.44% said it was good or helping some. According to those who
rated the program good, it was because some of their co-farmers in the municipality were
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
25
not being reached by the frequency of the station where the program is and because some
are not yet aware about the existence of the program.
Information gained
Table 15 shows the information listeners gained from the program. Majority of
the respondents, (95.56%) claimed good agricultural practices as the number one
information they gained from the program. Twenty-nine respondents also gained Bible
teachings; 53.33%, information about social issues such as topic about the history and
cases of suicide in the country and in Benguet in particular; 42.44%, heard programs of
BSU being promoted where the program helped inform the listeners about the courses
offered, requirements and schedules of qualifying examination in the university and
28.89% gained information on animal production.
This corroborates the study of Pocdo (2003) where the respondents ranked
farming practices as number one information gained followed by animal production then
food production as information gained from the program.
Findings then imply that BSU-On-The-Air program is truly meeting the needs of
farmers in agricultural information.
Comments and Suggestions of the Respondents
Generally, all the respondents said that they were helped by the program in their
farm activities since it was one of their major sources of information. Since majority of
the respondents favored the topics aired, said the time of airing was appropriate and
claimed that the program helped them in their farming activities, only few gave specific
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
26
Table 14. Overall rating/evaluation of BSU-On-The-Air
RATING FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Very good (helping a lot)
34
75.56
Good (helping some)
11
24.44
TOTAL
45
100
Table 15. Information gained by respondents
INFORMATION GAINED FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Good agricultural practices
43
95.56
Bible teachings
29
64.44
Social Issues
24
53.33
Programs of BSU being promoted
19
42.22
Animal production
13
28.89
Food production
6
3.33
Ornamental production
2
4.44
*Multiple responses
suggestions and comments.
Respondents commented in Kalanguya that the program was helpful to them and
it was good because it used Ilocano as its medium and the time of airing was appropriate.
They added that they were thankful because the program answered their questions. The
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
27
respondents said they had problem regarding the signal of the station which was
sometimes weak and Chinese station takes its place.
For the suggestions for improvement, most of the respondents requested that the
program be at least 30 minutes or 1 hour if possible to accommodate more topics and
questions. They also said that topics must be continues and the program should discuss
more topics on health and nutrition and they added that speakers should always talk on
their line of specialization.
Information Needs of Respondents
Table 16 presents the information needs of the respondents. Majority indicated
that they were in need of more information in agriculture which included pests and
disease control in their crops. Others needed more information on more organic/natural
farming lectures, good varieties of seeds for planting, how to lobby for price control and
marketability of organic products. Respondents said that they wanted to know how they
can appeal that there will be control on the prices of vegetables to avoid lost on their part.
Respondents also ranked vegetables’ pests and disease control as their greatest
information need because of their current problems on club root, the yellowing of carrot’s
leaves “kamapitay ta karot tan kamadlas e bulong to takon bah-ba pay e bulan to” and the
rotting of the carrot before harvest time.
This result was supported by the study of Abag (2005) where 75% respondents in
barangays Lusod and Tawangan, Kabayan, Benguet needed agriculture-related
information because 755 of the residents were farmers. In addition, 82% of vegetable
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
28
farmers in Baculongan Sur, Buguias, needed further information in general agriculture,
Palayen (2007).
Results imply that the need of vegetable farmers for agricultural information
never stopped.
Table 16. Information needs of respondents
INFORMATION NEEDS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
N=45
Vegetables’ pests and diseases control
32
71.11
Health and Nutrition
9
20.00
Other possible livelihood
4
8.89
More organic/natural farming lectures
11
24.44
Good varieties of vegetable seeds for
2 4.44
planting
How to lobby for price control
2
4.44
Marketability of organic products
2
4.44
Herbal medicines
1
2.22
*Multiple responses
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
This study on the Attitude towards and perceptions on ‘BSU-On-The-Air’ of
Kalanguya farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao characterized the listeners, determined the listeners’
attitude towards and their perceptions on the program. It determined the information
gained by the listeners and their comments and suggestions for the improvement of the
program. Also, it enumerated the information needs of the respondents.
Interview schedule and focused group discussion were used in gathering the
information from 45 respondents who are farmers and listeners of BSU-On-The-Air
program. The questions were translated into Kalanguya to facilitate understanding
between the researcher and respondents. The study was conducted from January to
February, 2010. Data gathered were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive statistics
such as frequencies, percentages and ranking.
There was a slight difference between the number of female and male but
majority were married. Fifty-eight percent of the respondents fell within the age range
21-40 and all the respondents had their formal education.
All the respondents said that the program was important, helpful and beneficial to
them thus they claimed they put into practice what they heard and learned from the BSU-
On-The-Air. With regards to the time of airing, majority (84.44%) said the program’s
time of airing which is 5:30-5:45 A.M was appropriate while 39 (86.67%) respondents
said that 15 minutes length of program to be too short. Information gained by respondents
from the program were good agricultural practices, Bible teachings, social issues and
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
30
programs of BSU being promoted. Respondents’ number one information need was how
to control pests and diseases infecting their crops.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were derived:
1) The listeners had positive attitudes toward the program.
2) Perceptions of respondents on the topics, time, duration and host were
favorable.
3) Respondents gained wide-ranging information aside from good agricultural or
farming practices from the program.
4) Respondents needed more information on agriculture specifically on how to
control pests and diseases infesting their crops.
5) The respondents had generally good comments.
Recommendations
From the results and conclusions, the following are recommended:
1) Benguet State University should continue its airing of BSU-On-The-Air and
look into the possibility of extending the length of the program.
2) More studies on the listeners’ attitudes and perceptions on the BSU-On-The-
Air program should be done in some other rural farming communities where the program
could be accessed since its main stakeholders are the farmers and determine their
information needs. It is to be done also to gather more suggestions from listeners on how
to continually improve the program.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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3) For twelve years of airing, the program still does not have its monitoring and
evaluation team up to present. Thus, the program should have its own monitoring and
evaluation system since these are necessary activities in a project management cycle.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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LITERATURE CITED
ABAG, M. T. 2005. Information Needs and Information Sources of the Residents of
Barangay Tawangan and Barangay Lusod in Kabayan, Benguet. BS Thesis.
Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 14 and 15.
ALLAN, M. G. 2007. Listenership of the Program ‘Boses Ti Farmers’ in Poblacion,
Kibungan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet
P.
11.
ATIWAG, J. C. 1999. The Listenership of BSU’s Agri- School-On-The-Air Program in
Lengaoan (1997-1998). BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad,
Benguet. Pp. 38, 39 and 42.
KUDAN, S. L. 2009. BSU-On-The-Air. (Personal Interview).
LAGUIWEY, C. P. 2000. Gender Issues Affecting the Development of Rural Families in
Tinoc, Ifugao. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 12.
NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE. 2009. 2007 Census of Population. Retrieved on
November 26, 2009 from http://www.census.gov.ph/data/census2007/index.html
MERRIAM-WEBSTER ONLINE DICTIONARY.2009. Retrieved on November 26,
2009 from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/attitude
ONNON, A. D. 2005. Information Sources, Needs and Preferences of Cut Flower
Growers in Barangay Alno and Bahong, La Trinidad, Benguet. BS Thesis.
Benguet
State
University.
La Trinidad, Benguet. P.16.
PALAYEN, J. G. 2007. Perceptions of Baculongan Sur Vegetable Farmers on “Boses Ti
Farmers” Program. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet. P.
15 and 21.
PAULINO, J.D. 2009. Attitudes and Perceptions of Farmers Towards “BSU-On-The-
Air” in Madaymen, Kibungan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La
Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 11 and 14.
PAULINO, N. L. 2003. AM and FM Station Listenership in Barangay Palina, Kibungan,
Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 16.
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
33
POCDO, M. S. 2003. Attitudes and Perceptions of Famers on BSU-On-The-air in
Barangay Pacso, Kabayan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State
University. La
Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 11, 15, 23 and 25.
WIKIPEDIA. 2009. Attitude (psychology). Retrieved on November 26, 2009 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attitude_(psychology)
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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APPENDIX A
Communication Letter
Benguet State University
College of Agriculture
DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION
La Trinidad, Benguet
January 27, 2010
HONORABLE LOPEZ PUGONG, SR.
Municipal Mayor
Tinoc, Ifugao
Sir:
Greetings!
I am a fourth year student of Benguet State University taking up BS in Development
Communication majoring in Community Broadcasting under the College of Agriculture.
As part of the requirements of this degree, I am currently conducting my
undergraduate thesis entitled, “ATTITUDES TOWARD AND PERCEPTIONS ON
BSU-ON-THE- AIR OF KALANGUYA FARMERS IN TINOC, IFUGAO.”
In this regard, please allow me to conduct an interview schedule among the farmers
of barangays of Ap-apid, Impugong and Poblacion. Rest assured that the information to
be gathered will be used for academic purpose only.
Thank you and God bless. Hagiyo!
Truly yours,
Karen B. Catano
Researcher
Noted:
Anna Liza B. Wakat
AdviserAdvisory Committee
And Department Chairperson
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
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APPENDIX B
Interview Schedule
ATTITUDE TOWARDS AND PERCEPTIONS ON
BSU-ON-THE-AIR OF KALANGUYA
FARMERS IN TINOC, IFUGAO
A. Characteristics of the Respondents
1. Name (Optional):_______________________________________________
2. Sex:____ Male ____ Female
3. Age: ___________
4. Civil Status: __________
5. Highest Educational Attainment: ____ Elementary level
____ High School level
____ College level
B. Attitudes towards BSU on the Air
1. Are you in favor of the topics?
____Yes, why?
____ Topics are relevant to our information needs
____ Topics are interesting
____ It enables the farmer to produce better quality of crops
____ It provides answers to questions we don’t understand
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____No, why not?
____ It is hard to practice
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
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____ Not applicable in my farm
____ It cannot increase crop productivity
____ Not timely
____ Not interesting
____ Not relevant
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
2. Are you willing to support the program?
____Yes, how?
____ By listening
____ By practicing the knowledge and skills learned from the program
____By recommending it to others
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
____ No, why not?
____ Topics are not interesting
____ Topics are not helpful
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
3. Have you recommended the program to your friends/relatives/neighbors?
____ Yes, why?
____ So that they will gain knowledge in farm management
____ So that they can increase their productivity
____ So that they can recommend it to others
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____ No, why not?
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
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____ Signal does not reach their area or not clear
____ Topics aired are repeated
____ Technical terms are being used
____ Program is boring
____ Information are not useful
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
4. Are you applying the farming tips or practices you hear from the program in
your farm activities?
____ Yes, why?
____ To increase farm productivity
____ It enables us to produce better quality of crops
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____ What tips or practices did you apply?
____ Natural/Organic farming practice
____ Pest management
____
Planting
method
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____ No, why not?
____ It decreases crop yield or farm productivity
____ Information are not useful or applicable in my farm
____ It is hard to practice
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
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C. Perceptions towards BSU on the Air
1. Is the program important to you?
____ Yes, why?
___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____ No, why not?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. Is the program helpful to you?
____ Yes, why?
____ It introduces new technologies in farming
____ Topics aired are new
____ It helps increase productivity
____ Increases awareness on God’s creation
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
____ No, why not?
____ Can not help in our farm management
____ It can not help increase crop yield
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
3. Does the program help in your farming activities?
____ Yes. What activities are aided?
____
Planting
method
____ Crop rotation
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
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39
____ Pest management
____ Natural/ Organic farming practices
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
____ No. Why?_________________________________________________
4. What is your perception about the topics aired?
____ Beneficial, why?
____Topics aired can be practiced in the locality
____ Topics aired are informative
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
_____ Not beneficial, why?
____ Topics aired cannot be practiced in the locality
____ Topics aired are not appropriate in our farming
____ Others (Please specify) ____________________________________
What are the topics not beneficial?
____ Natural/Organic farming
____ Social issues (ex. health, environment, etc)
____ Vegetable production
____ Farm-animal raising
____ Mushroom production
____ Others (Please specify) ____________________________________
5. What can you say about the time of airing which is 5:30 to 5:45 A.M?
____ Too early
____ Too late
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
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____ Appropriate
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
6. What can you say about the length of program?
____ Too short
____ Too long
____ Appropriate
____ Others (Please specify)___________________________________
7. What can you say about the host?
____ Good in delivering messages
____ He/she is boring
____ Good in translating technical terms into simple
____ Others (Please specify)____________________________________
8. Who do you prefer to anchor the program? (To those who have been listening
since 2003 up to present and remembers the anchors)
____ Dr. Johnny Dati (Dr. Sigod)
____ Prof. Anna Liza B. Wakat
____Mr. Silvestre L. Kudan (Bassit nga Lakay)
____ Others (Please specify) ____________________________________
Why him/her? ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
9. What do you think are the effects of BSU on the Air program to the
community? (Please Rank)
____ Decreases problem in farm management
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
41
____ Increases crop yield productivity thus helps us have higher income
____ Community people are informed on the different techniques of crops
production
____ Strong advocate of organic agriculture for life
____ Others (Please specify)______________________________________
10. Does the BSU on the Air program contribute to your success?
____ Yes, how?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____ No, why?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
11. Overall rating/ evaluation of BSU on the Air
____ Very good (Helping a lot)
____ Good (helping some)
____ Bad (Not helping)
D. Information Gained
1. What information have you heard from BSU on the Air?
____ Good agricultural practices
____ Animal production
____ Ornamental production
____ Food production
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
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____ Programs of BSU being promoted
____ Social Issues (health, environment, etc)
____ Bible teachings
____ Others (Please specify) ____________________________________
E. Information needs
1. What topics do you want to be aired in the program?
__________________________________________________________________
F.
Suggestions/Comments
1. What do you suggest or your comment about the topics aired?
__________________________________________________________________
2. What do you suggest or is your comment for the improvement of the anchor?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. What do you like least about the program?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. What do you like best about the program?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. What are your comments about
the
program?
__________________________________________________________________
Attitude Towards and
Perceptions on BSU-On-The-Air Program
Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao / Karen B. Catano. 2007
Document Outline
- Attitude Towards and Perceptions on BSUOn-
The-Air Program Among Kalanguya Farmers in Tinoc, Ifugao
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- METHODOLOGY
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDIX