Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater

BIBLIOGRAPHY
CLAUDIO, ARIEL L. AND EMONG, JOSEPH P., MAY 2007.DESIGN AND
FABRICATION OF COCONUT MILK CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR WITH
GRATER. Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: ENGR. EDGAR M. MOLINTAS
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to design and fabricate a coconut milk centrifugal
extractor with grater, evaluate its performance, compare its extraction efficiency and
milking capacity to the piston type coconut extractor.
The device is simple, easy to operate and affordable to small business
entrepreneurs.
Grated coconut meat were used both in the seven treatments (A. no liquid added
B. 200 grams of coconut water C. 210 grams of coconut water D. 220 grams of coconut
water E. 200 grams of hot water F.210 grams of hot water G. 220 grams of hot water) in
getting the extraction efficiency, time of extraction and capacity of the device. Evaluation
involved weighing of the unextract coconut meat, milk extracted, time of extraction and
weight of the desiccated coconut meat.
Through its evaluation, the highest extraction efficiency was computed to be 54%
resulting extraction time of 15 minutes, milking capacity of 2280g/hr.

1
INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Coconut (Cocos nucifera) is one of the agricultural crops that serve as a source of
income to farmers most especially in the lowlands. The Philippines has about 2.9 million
hectares of coconut lands and about one third of its population depends in coconut
production, processing and marketing for livelihood. Coconut is grown in fifty five
provinces of the country and remains a major crop of thirty five of these. Surveys have
shown that its entire parts may be used of different purposes. Its fresh meat has many
uses to food industries and households, particularly in the preparation of pastries, cakes
and in the production of oil and milk. It was revealed by Banson(1982) that the fresh
grated coconut meat is often used in food preparation. The coconut meat has to be grated
prior to extraction of cream or oil.

Coconut milk is a very important ingredient for food, source of oil, and raw
material for pharmaceuticals. In application in food alone, the extraction of coconut meat
is usually done manually by small industries and mechanically by some medium scale
industries.

Commercial extractors who use the principle of compression cost $1056 freight
excluded, and while the screw type costs $ 486 excluding freight. This means that
commercial extractors cost from P 25,000 to 70,000 per unit. The high cost of mechanical
coconut extractors makes small industries turn back to the usual manual means which is
time and effort consuming and often times unsanitary because of the direct use of hands
in handling coconut meat to be extracted. The existing coconut milk extractor makes use
of compression as means of extraction. The process does not efficiently extract the
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

2
coconut milk because of the difficulty of the machine to compress small particles of the
grated coconut. In order to minimize the laborious of extracting coconut milk, high cost
of the devices, and energy it needs man’s creative abilities hence this driving force of the
study.

Importance of the Study

The result of the study is used or important to the following:

To the coconut farmer, the result of the study may motivate them to produce more
coconut because the demand of coconut in the market will increase which tends the price
of coconut also may increase.

The people engaged in food business, they may able to afford the low cost
coconut milk centrifugal extractor which make their work easier and faster which make
their business to expand resulting to increase their income.

The enterprising people may find interest in fabricating this low cost coconut milk
centrifugal extractor.

Objectives of the Study
General objective

To design and fabricate a coconut milk centrifugal extractor with grater.
Specifically it aims to:
1. To evaluate the efficiency of the designed coconut milk centrifugal extractor
with grater.

2. To determine the required time for extracting a coconut milk using this device.
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

3

3. To compare its performance with the piston type milk extraction in terms of
milking

Capacity and extraction efficiency.

Time and Place of the Study

The study is to be conducted for a period of three months starting March to May
at La Trinidad, Benguet.

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

4
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The scarcity of equipment, both in terms of hand tools and machines is a problem
of ordinary farmers and even in academic schools and so we need to adopt appropriate
technology to suit small time farmers and to overcome high cost of labor as pointed out
by Dulay (1985) .

Richey (1961) stated that the frame design is important in field machine because
the frame must be light to reduce cost, soil compaction and propelling power but strong
enough to resist the shocks due to rough ground obstacle.

It was revealed by Henderson (1976) that materials, tools and equipment should
be positioned that a minimum of the physical movement is required to perform an
operation.

Wang (1957) pointed out that the layout of any structure depends largely on the
function of the structure, the loading conditions and the properties of the material to be
use.

According to Southworth (1974), the design and introduction of any machine
should be based on the cultural factors and agricultural production and needs of the
society.

Hunt (1982) claims that the speed, ease, and accuracy and completeness,
operation of the machine is of greater importance because the efficiency of operation
determines the returns.

Banson (1982) also noted that fine tooth graters are advantageous for the purpose
of grating fine coconut meat.
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

5

Kent (1950) claims that from various tests in bevel gears, an efficiency of 98%
were obtained if properly assembled. With the exemption of high ratio gears, efficiency
of 96 to 98% were obtained

Henderson, SM and RL Perry (1976) stated that in extracting juice from a product
size of individual particles should be taken into considerations that juice can be extracted
easier when size of particles are small.

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

6
MATERIALS AND METHODS

Materials

The tools in fabrication of the device were: hacksaw portable drill and drill bits,
grinding tools, electric and welding machine, hacksaw, Steel Square, iron flat sheet
scissors.

In materials used in construction of the device are stainless flat sheet, ball
bearings, stainless shaft, bolts and nuts, stainless welding rod, angular bars, ordinary
welding rod, hinges, timer, extension wire electrical switch and Stainless pot.

Design Criteria and Consideration
1. The device is made out of corrosion resistant materials because it is use for processing
for human consumption.
2. Simple and easy to operate.
3. Strength.
4. Easy to clean
5. Low operating cost

Methods

Methods that will be employed include construction, principle of operations,
evaluation and data analysis.

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

7
Evaluation
The machine is tested and evaluated by the following parameters:
1. Extraction Efficiency (by Theoretical) = (t actual/to)* 100%
Where in:

t actual for without mixture of water
t actual= (w1/6)

=weight actual coconut milk extracted

to= in every 100g of coconut meat it contains 63.7 liquid.

= It was based on the article from
http://www.aphorticulture.com/coconut 1.htm which states that the ideal milk can be
extracted in every 100grams of mature grated coconut meat is 63.7grams.
w1=weight of coconut milk that was extracted in the treatment.

t actual for with mixture of water (cold /hot)

t
actual=
(w1-x1/6)
w1=grams of water that was added (cold/hot) + 600g of grated coconut
meat to be extracted

x1=grams of water that was added
2. We will put the grated coconut in the device and play it, then we will time for 15
minutes but we will separate the extracted coconut milk in every 5 minutes.
3. We will compare the result of piston type extractor to the device.
To evaluate the device in terms of capacity stopwatch was used in determining
the time of operation.
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

8
Principle of Operation
The principle of spin dryer is the idea that a machine could be so devised to
separate the wet particles of the residue. The grated coconut is placed in a bag, which is
made of cloth and properly closed before placing in the extractor column. The load is
exactly distributed over the base of the perforated column to prevent imbalance in
configuration or rotation. The power is then switched on and timer is set to the desired
time

Parts and Construction
The coconut milk centrifugal extractor with grater consists of five main parts: The
cylinder casing that houses the extractor column, the frame, the extractor column, the
cylinder that houses grater, and the power transmission mechanism.

The cylinder casing is made up of stainless pot. It houses the spinning perforated
cylinder.
The extractor column is made up of stainless pot. It has a dimension of 20cm height and
20cm diameter. It has a frame at the bottom made up of stainless flat bars which is
welded to stainless shafting where it is connected to the power transmission.
The frame is made up of angular bars and it was covered with GI sheet. This is
where the cylinders and power transmission are attached. The cylinder grater was made
of stainless pot with a dimension of 30 cm diameter and 15cm length. This is housing of
the blade of coconut grater and also serves as a collector of that grated coconut.

The power transmission is compose of motor, (1/4 hp), shaft, bearings.

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

9
RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS

General Description

The device is a motor operated centrifugal type coconut extractor with grater. Is
power transmission used .25 horsepower. The power transmission is composed of
bearings, and shaft.
The device is made up of locally available materials such as stainless pot, flat sheet,
water hose, faucet and angular bars. It is composed of different components such as
frame, grater with casing, extractor column and the cylinder milk collector.

Table 1-a. Weight of extracted coconut milk at different treatment and different time.
Where treatments are the following:
Treatment 1=600grams of grated coconut ( no water added)
Treatment 2= 600grams of grated coconut +200grams of coconut water.
Treatment 3=600grams of grated coconut +210grams of coconut water.
Treatment 4=600grams of grated coconut +220grams of coconut water.
Treatment 5=600grams of grated coconut +200grams of hot tap water.
Treatment 6=600grams of grated coconut +210grams of hot tap water.
Treatment 7=600grams of grated coconut +220grams of hot tap water.
Treatment
Time
Replication
Total
Mean
(min)
1
2
3
1
141.5 107 130 378.5 126.17

2 116.5
92
104
312
104

3 87
79
82
249
83
5
4 110
119
109
338
112.67
5 190
188
192
570
190
6 188
186
189
563
187
7 189
191
185
565
188
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

10

Table 1-b
Treatment
Time
Replication
Total
Mean
(min)
1
2
3
1
165 126 150 441 147

2 136
114
124
374
124.67

3 110
98
92
300
100
10
4 135
135.5
132
402.5
134.17
5
203
203 204 610 03.33
6 206
205
205
616
205.33
7 207
206
199
612
204

Table 1-c
Treatment Time
Replication
Total
Mean
(min)
1
2
3
1
168 128 154 450 150
2

141 118 126 128.33
128.33
15
3 114
104
97
105
105
4
139 135.5 132 134.17 134.17
5
210 208 208 208.67
208.67
6
209 209 211 629 209.67
7
211 208 205 624 208

Table 1 Show that the weight of milk using 600g of grated coconut meat in different
treatment and time. Result shows that adding of hot water in different extraction time for
extracting coconut using this device produced the highest weight of milk.

Table 2 Extraction Efficiency at Different time and Treatments
Table 2-a
Treatment
Time
Mean of weight of
Efficiency %
(min)
extracted milk (gm)
1
126.17 33

2 104
27.21

3 83
21.72
5
4 112.67
29.48
5 190
49.71
6 187.67
49.10
7 188.33
49.27
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

11
Table 2-b
Treatment
Time (min)
Mean of weight of
Efficiency %
extracted milk (gm)
1 147 38.46

2 124.67
32.62

3 100
26.16
10
4 134.19
35.11
5 203.33
54.59
6 205.33
53.72
7 204
53.37

Table 2-c
Treatment
Time (min)
Mean of weight of
Efficiency %
extracted milk
1

150 39.25
2 128.33
33.49

3 105
27.47
15
4 139.17
36.41
5 208.67
54.59
6 209.67
54.86
7 208
54.2

Table 2-a, b, c Shows the results of extraction efficiency of the device. From the results,
efficiency of the device was evaluated. The efficiency of the extractor was based on the
article from http://www aphorticulture.com/coconut 1.htm which states that the ideal milk
can be extracted in every 100grams of mature grated coconut meat is 63.7grams.
Table 3 Coconut milking capacity of the Device (grams/hr)
Table 3-a
TREATMENT Time of extraction
Mean of weight of
Coconut Milk
(Min.)
Extracted Coconut
Extraction
Milk
Capacity
1
126.17 1514.04

2 104
1248

3 83
996
5
4 112.67
1352.04
5 190
2280
6 187.67
2252
7 188.33
2259.96
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

12
Table 3-b
TREATMENT Time of Extraction
Mean of Weight of
Coconut Milk
(Min.)
Extracted Coconut
Extraction
Milk (gm)
Capacity (gm)
1
147 882

2 129.67
748.02

3 100
600
10
4 134.19
805.14
5 203.33
1219.98
6 205.33
1231.98
7 204
1224

Table 3-c
TREATMENT Time of Extraction
Mean of Weight of
Coconut Milk
(Min.)
Extracted Coconut
Extraction
Milk (gm)
Capacity (gm)
1
150 610

2 128.33
513.32

3 105
420
15
4 139.7
556.68
5 208.67
834.68
6 209.67
838.68
7 208
832

Table 3-a, b, c shows the coconut milking capacity of the device. The result shows that
the highest coconut milking capacity is adding hot water in 5 minutes of extraction.

Table 4. Extraction Capacity (grams/hr)
Treatment
Time of extraction
W1
Extraction Capacity
(min)
(gm)
(gm)
1 to 7
5
600
7200
10 600 3600
15 600 2400

Table 4. Shows the different time in extracting grated coconut. The result shows that the
extractor has the highest capacity of extraction by using 5 minutes as the time.
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

13
Table 5. Extraction efficiency of the piston type extractor.
Treatment Procedures Mean Efficiency
(grams)
600g of grated
No water added
235.7
61.66
coconut
600g of grated
210 grams of
174.3 45.53
coconut
coconut water added
600g of grated
210 grams of hot
276.57 72.37
coconut
water added

Table 5, shows the results of extraction efficiency of the piston type extractor. From
the results, efficiency of the piston type extractor was evaluated. The efficiency of the
extractor was based on the article from http//…………….which state that the ideal milk
can be extracted in every 100 grams of mature grated coconut is 63.7 grams.

Table 6. Milking capacity of the piston type extractor.
Treatment Procedures Mean
of
Mean of milk Coconut milk
extraction
extracted
extraction
(min)
(grams)
capacity
600g of grated
No water added
3.64
235.7
3885.16
coconut
600g of grated
210 grams of
3.57 174.3 2929.4
coconut
coconut water
added
600g of grated
210 grams of
3.3 276.57
5028.6
coconut
coconut water
added

Table 6 shows the weight of milk that the piston type extractor can extract at
different treatment. The results show that the extractor has the highest capacity of
extraction by using the grated coconut with hot water as an input.

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

14
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary
This study was conducted to design and to fabricate a coconut milk centrifugal
extractor with grater using available material. The objective of the study is to fabricate
the extractor with grater and to test he efficiency in terms Weight of milk extracted from
grated coconut meat and what is the best time for extracting 600grams using the device .
The study is to be conducted at Engineering shop, Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet from a period of March to May. The testing and evaluation of the study was
conducted at engineering building ground floor at the farm power machinery room from
month of May 14 to 18 2007.
The testing and evaluation of the extractor was conducted through operating the
machine, weight of milk collected, time of extraction, and weight of grated coconut meat,
weight of desiccated meat, extraction efficiency, milking capacity, and extraction
capacity. The testing had been conducted indoor on which the machine is to be operated,
tested on the weight of milk extracted and the time of extraction at a different treatments.
The treatments’ done by extracting a 600grams of coconut meat, first treatment is no
liquid to be added, a second treatment is by adding 200grams of coconut water, the third
is adding 210grams of coconut water, the fourth is adding 220grams of coconut water, the
fifth to seventh treatment is the same process as the 2nd to 4th treatment but, instead of
using coconut water use hot water. In all of these treatments it was set to 5, 10, and 15
minute’s extraction time. This enabled the computation of the extraction capacity,
milking capacity, and extraction capacity.
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

15

Findings
The following are the findings of the study:
The testing of the device showed that the highest weight of extracted coconut
milk is the treatment 5 to 7 that was added 200grams, 210grams, 220grams of hot water.
The test on time finds that the best time of extraction is 5minutes in all the treatments.
For the extraction efficiency it was revealed that adding hot water was the highest
efficiency.
The evaluation test reveals that the extractor is easy to operate and the product is more
sanitary compared to manual extraction, it was also found out that the device has a lesser
efficiency and lesser capacity compare to the piston type extractor.
The motor of the extractor is found out that it cannot turn the extractor if it will be loaded
with heavy input of grated coconut meat. Since the hole of the extractor column is only
few, the milk was blocked in the operation.

Conclusion

The evaluation of the device in terms of efficiency of the designed coconut milk
centrifugal extractor with grater is found out that it has the highest efficiency of 54.86%
in adding 210grams of hot water in 15 minutes of extraction time. It was also determined
that the required time for extracting 600grams of grated coconut meat using this device is
5minutes.

It was also found out that that the device has a highest milking capacity of
2280grams /hr in 5 minutes extracting time with 200grams of hot water + 600grams of
grated coconut meat and has a highest extraction efficiency of 54.86% in 15 minutes
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

16
extraction time, comparing to the piston type extractor that has a highest milking capacity
of 5028.6grams/hr and has a extraction efficiency of 72.37%. Therefore base on the data
of piston type extractor and this device, the device has a lower extraction efficiency and
milking capacity compared to piston type extractor.

Recommendations

Based on the findings the following are suggested:
1. The extractor needs to improve in terms of efficiency.
2. The further development in improvement of the device the following
condition maybe first to consider.
a. The motor must be replaced with higher horsepower.
b. The holes of the perforated cylinder must be added so that the
coconut milk will not be blocked
c. Further research should be made in relation to the study and testing
other variables.

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

17
LITERATURE CITED

McCULLACH, J. C. Pedal Power in Work, Leisure, and Transportation Rodale
Press, Emmaus, Pennsylvania, USA. P. 133;1977.

DULAY, D. C. Design and Construction of Multipurpose Machines. Research Vistas
Vol. 4 VII, Luzon Colleges School Of Graduate Studies and Research.
Dagupan City.

HUNT, D. Farm Power and Machinery Management. Laboratory Manual and
Workbook Iowa State University Press. 1977.

KENT, W. C. Mechanical Engineering Hand book. New York. McGrawHill
Company.
Vol. 4 1950.

PERRY HENDERSON. Agricultural Process Engineering. Third Ed. AVI Publishing
Company, Inc. Westport, Connecticut, 1976.

PHILLIPS S. C. , et al. Agricultural and Farm Life. New York. McGrawhill
Company.
1948.

RICHEY, C. B. et, al. Agricultural and Farm Life. New York. McGrawHill
Company.
1948.

SOUTHWORTH, H. and M. Bernet. Experience in Farm Mechanization in Southeast
Asia. New York. He Agricultural Development Council Inc. 1974.

TEQUE-IN, J. C Design and evaluation of Stirrup Coconut Grater. Undergraduate
Thesis. Benguet State University. 1986.

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

18
Appendix A
Appendix A-1 Initial cost of the motor-operated coconut extractor wish grater.
A. Materials
Description Quantity
Unit
Unit
Total cost
cost
1/4hp electric motor
2
pc
700
1400
1/8*1 angular bars
2
pc
156.5
313
Stock pot(stainless) small
1
pc
190
190
Stock pot (stainless) big
1
pc
262
262
¼*3/4, bolt and nut(stainless)
12
pc
8
96
1/4 *1 bolt and nut (ordinary)
15
pc
2
30
Soldering paste
1
pc
65
65
Nicolite 4
pc
45
180
Pulley bolt
3
pc
20
60
Muscot faucet
1
Pc
80
80
Firefly switch
2
pc
28
56
Plastic plug
1
Pc
10
10
(3in * 1.5 dia) stainless tube
1
feet
15
45
Steel blade
1
pc
50
50
Ordinary welding rod
1
kilo
55
55
Dormer drill
2
pc
48
96
Hose clamp 5/8
1
pc
7
7
Blind rivets, 1/8*3/8
70
pc
.5
35
Screw ½*6
10
Pc
.5
5
G.I flat sheet (#18)
1/2
pc
555
277.5
Bearing 3
pc
350
1050
Shaft ¾
2
pc
50
100

Sub-total= Php.4, 670.00
B. Labor cost 60%of the materials Php.2, 856.00
C. Miscellaneous N/A Php.2500.00
___________
GRAND TOTAL Php.10026.00

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

19
Appendix A-2 Cost analysis of the motor-operated coconut milk extractor with grater
Assumptions:

Initial cost Php.10026.00

Salvage value 10% of initial cost

Economic life span 6 years

Repair and maintenance 3% of initial cost

Operating time 5hrs/day

Interest rate 4% of initial cost

Tax and insurance rate 1.5% of initial cost

Interest of the investment 20% of initial cost

Power consumption .9325kw-hr

Cost per extraction of 600 grated coconut Php.5.00

Capacity 7200g/hr

Labor cost Php.15/hr

A. Total revenue based on capacity
= 5*(7200/600g)*5hr/day*317days/year
=Php.95, 100.00
B. Fixed cost

1. Depreciation cost= Initial cost-salvage value
Probable life
= 10026-1002.6
6years
= Php.1, 503.90

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

20

2. Interest or investment= i(NC +SV)
2
= .04(10026+.1(10026)
2
= Php.701.82

3. Taxes and insurance= 1.5% of initial cost
= .015*10026
= Php.150.39

Total Annual Fixed Cost= 1503.90+701.82+150.39
=Php.2356.11

C. Operating cost

1. Repair and maintenance cost= 3%NC
= .03*10026
=Php.300.78

2. Labor cost = 5(15/hr)*317days
=Php23, 775.00

3. Power = .9325kw-hr/day*317days*php.8.89/kw-hr
=php2627.9

Total Annual Operating Cost= 300.78+23775.00+2627.9
= php26703.6

D. Grand Total = Total Annual Fixed cost + Total Annual Operating cost
= 2356.11+26703.6
= php29059.79

E. Profit = total revenue – Grand total
= 95100-29059.79
= php.66040.20

F. Pay Back Period = NC/(profit/12)
= 10026/(66040.20/12)
= 1.31 months

G. Net Savings/ year = Profit*6-NC
6
= 66040.20-10026
= php56014.2

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

21

Sample Computation Extraction Efficiency

1. Extraction Efficiency (by Theoretical) = (t actual/to)* 100%
Where in:

t actual for without mixture of water

t
actual=
(w1/6)

=weight actual coconut milk extracted

to= in every 100g of coconut meat it contains 63.7 liquid.

= It was based on the article from
http://www.aphorticulture.com/coconut 1.htm which states that the ideal milk can be
extracted in every 100grams of mature grated coconut meat is 63.7grams.

w1=weight of coconut milk that was extracted in the treatment.
t actual for with mixture of water (cold /hot)

t
actual=
(w1-x1/6)
w1=grams of water that was added (cold/hot) + grams of coconut milk that
was extracted.

x1=grams of water that was added
Extraction Efficiency (NO water added) for 5min. = t actual*100
to
= (126.17/6)*100
63.7
= 33%
For 10 min. = (147/6)*100
63.7
= 38.46%
For 15 min. = (150/6)*100
63.7
=39.25%
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

22

Extraction Efficiency (mixture of grated coconut and water (hot/cold)[treatment 2to7]
Using treatment 2
For 5 min. =(w1-x1)/6*100
to
= (304 – 200)/6*100
63.7
= 27.21%
For 10 min = (324.67-200)/6*100
= 32.62%
For 15 min. = (328.33-200)/6*100
= 33.49%

Computation of extraction capacity
A. Coconut milk extraction capacity = 1hr * t actual
Time of extraction

Where in; t actual=weight of coconut milk extracted.
Using treatment 2
For 5 min= 60min*104
5min
=1248g/hr
For 10 min = 60min.*184.67
10min.
= 1108.02g/hr.
For 15min. = 60min.*128.33
15min.
= 513.33g/hr

B. Grated coconut meat extraction capacity (g/hr)
= 1hr * weight of grated coconut to be extracted
Time of extraction
For 5 min. = 60min*600
5min.
=7200g/hr
For 10 min. = 60min*600
10min.
=3600g/hr
For 15 min. =60min.*600
15min.
= 2400g/hr

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

23

APPENDIX B
Appendix B-1: ANOVA of the weight of milk extracted at diff. treatment

Treatment
Time
Replication
Total
Mean
1
2
3
1
141.5 107 130 378.5
126.17b

2 116.5
92
104
312
104c
3

87 79 82 249 83d
5
4 110
119
109
338
112.67bc
5 190
188
192
570
190a
6 188
186
189
563
187a
7 189
191
185
565
188a

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Source of
DF
Sum of Squares
Mean square F Value
Pr>F
variation
Water
6
37677.45238095
6279.5754
83.62 0.0001
Error
14
1051.33333
75.0952
Corrected total 20
38728.7875
C.V= 6.114945

Table 1-b
Treatment
Time
Replication
Total
Mean
1
2
3
1
165 126 150 441 147b
2

136 114 124 374 124.67c
3

110 98 92 300 100d
4
10
135 135.5 132 402.5
134.17bc
5
203 203 204 610 203.33a
6
206 205 205 616 205.33a
7
207 206 199 612 204a

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Source of
DF
Sum of Squares
Mean square F Value
Pr>F
variation
Water
6
34660.1190
5776.6865
65.69 0.0001
Error
14
1231.16667
87.94047
Corrected total
20
35891.2857
C.V= 5.868897

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

24

Table 1-c
Treatment
Time
Replication
Total
Mean
1
2
3
1
168 128 154 450 150b

2 141
118
126
128.33
128.33c
15
3 114
104
97
105
105d
4
139 135.5 132 134.17 134.17bc
5 210
208
208
208.67
208.67a
6 209
209
211
629
209.67a
7 211
208
205
624
208a

Means with the same letter are not significantly different,

Source of
DF
Sum of Squares
Mean square F Value
Pr>F
variation
Water
6
3476.7858
5791.1309
63.88
0.0001
Error
14
1269.16667
90.65476
Corrected total 20
36015.95238
C.V= 5.801447

Appendix B-2 Mean weight of extracted coconut milk at different treatment and time.

Treatment
Time of extraction
5minutes 10
minutes
15
minutes
600g of grated coconut meat (no water added)
126.17b 147.00b 150.00b
(1)
600g of grated coconut meat + 200g of coconut
104.17c 124.67c 128.33c
water (2)
600g of grated coconut meat + 210g of coconut
83.00d 100.00d 105.ood
water (3)
600g of grated coconut meat + 220g of coconut 112.67bc 134.17bc 139.17bc
water (4)
600g of grated coconut +200g of hot water (5)
190.00a
203.33a
208,67a
600g of grated coconut + 210g of hot water (6)
187.67a
205.33a
209.67a
600g of grated coconut + 220g of hot water (7)
188.33a
204.33a
208.00a

Means with the same letter above do not differ, (DMRT at .05)
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

25
Appendix C

Appendix C-1. Isometric view of the device.

Appendix C-2. Front view of the device.
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

26

Appendix C-3. Back view of the device.

Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

27
Appendix C-4. The device during operation

Appendix C-5. The coconut heads used in the evaluation.

Appendix C-6. The grated coconut meat used in the evaluation.
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

28

Appendix C-7. Weighing the grated coconut.

Appendix C-7. Weighing the extracted coconut milk.
Design And Fabrication Of Coconut Milk Centrifugal Extractor With Grater
/ Ariel L. Claudio & Joseph P. Emong. 2007

Document Outline

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF COCONUT MILK CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR WITH GRATER
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
  - Background of the study
  - Importance of the Study
  - Objectives of the Study
  - Time and Place of the Study
- REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
  - Materials
  - Design Criteria and Consideration
  - Methods
  - Evaluation
  - Principle of Operation
  - Parts and Construction
- RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  - Summary
  - Findings
  - Conclusion
  - Recommendations
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES