BIBLIOGRAPHY
DIZON KATHLEEN C. APRIL 2010. EFFECT OF PRIMING ON THE
GERMINATION OF SNAP BEAN USING DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet.
Adviser: Danilo P. Padua, Ph.D
ABSTRACT

The study was conducted in a plastic house at the Benguet State University, La
Trinidad Benguet with the following objectives; 1) to determine the best variety of snap
bean for seed priming; 2) determine the growth performance of snap bean seeds applied
with different plant extracts, and 3) determine the best combination of plant extract and
variety of snap bean seeds on priming.

Bush Blue Lake responded better to priming since it had higher germination
percentage, longer seedling roots, more vigorous seedlings, high germination percentage
as well as greater and heavier root nodules.
Coconut water is a good material for priming snap bean seeds as it enhanced seed,
emergence, germination percentage and development of vigorous seedlings. On the other
hand, papaya extract increased vigor index and increased dry matter production of
growing seedlings. Wild sunflower and golden bush extracts depressed seed germination
and seedling growth.

Bush Blue Lake, Alno, and Contender responded positively to papaya, malunggay
and angel trumpet extracts in terms of dry matter production, length of roots, number of
 

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root nodules, seedling vigor and percent germination of snap bean. The combination of
Bush Blue Lake and pure water or coconut water is best for priming snap bean seeds.
ii
 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS



Page
Bibliography……………………………………………………………….. i
Abstract ………….……………………………………………….
i
Table of Content ………………………………………………………
iii

INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………...
1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE …………………………………...
3
Origin and History …………………………………...
3
Seed Priming ……………………………………………
3
Effect of Plant Extracts on
Seed Germination …………………………………………….
5

MATERIALS AND METHODS ………………………………….
8
RESULT AND DISCUSSION …………………………………
11
Number of days from Sowing
to Emergence ………...…………………………….
11
Percent Germination …………………………………..
12
Number of Normal and

Abnormal Seedlings …………………………………….
14
Number of Dead and
Fresh Ungerminated Seed …………………………………….
17
Vigor Index and Seedlings Vigor ………………………
20
Plant Height at 30 DAP ….……………………....
22
Weekly Dry Matter Production
of Seedlings …………………………………...
24
iii
 

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Weekly Length of Roots ……………………………..
28
Weekly Number of Secondary Roots …..….………………...
31
Weekly Number of Root Nodules …………………………...
34
Weekly Weight of Root Nodules ……………………………
37
Seedling Growth ……………………………………..
39
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS ………………………………………...
42
LITERATURE …………………………………………………
45
APPENDICES …………………………………………………
47
 
iv
 

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  1 
 
INTRODUCTION



Snap bean is a priority crop under the national vegetable R&D Program of
PCARRD-DOST. The major producers of fresh beans are the Cordillera Administrative
Region (47%) and Cagayan Valley (28%). Last 2006, snap bean production was at
13,493 tons (BAS, 2006).

One of the problems of snap bean production is that seeds are easily damaged
during transportation, storage, conditioning of seed, handling, and planting. Damage
incurred results in low germination percentage and seedling with low. Moreover plant
stand and ultimate yield are also affected (Gordon J., 2002).

Seed priming could help in increasing the speed of germination and emergence
leading to better crop stand and high yield.

Seed priming involves simply soaking the seed over night, surface drying then
sowing it the same day. Priming is an extremely widely used method were seeds maybe
soaked in different plant extracts. Using different plant extracts instead of water may
have the potential benefits in terms of faster emergence higher germination rate, and
better root system.

No cases were reported where priming was worse than not priming. This is
significant because, since priming has essentially zero cost, the practice can be
considered as reliable “insurance’ for farmers (Harris, 2005).
The objectives of the study were:
1. to determine the best variety of snap bean for seed priming;
2. determine the growth performance of snap bean applied with different plant
extracts; and
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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3. determine the best combination of plant extract and varieties of snap bean for
seed priming.

The study was conducted in a green house at Benguet State University, La
Trinidad, Benguet from June to August, 2009.




















Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE


Origin and History


The best new world species is the common bean or kidney bean, Phaseolus
vulgaris. It is also known as the navy, snap or French bean. Snap bean which are
consumed in immature pods; green shell beans, which are eaten as full size, immature
beans that are removed from the pods; and dry shell or kidney beans, which are used in
the mature, dry form. Dry bean type includes pinot, navy, Great Northern, red kidney,
and pink beans (Bean. 2004).

Seed priming in agriculture is a form of seed planting preparation in which the
seeds are pre soaked before planting. Priming is an extremely wide-method. In general,
most kinds of the seed experimented so far have shown an over all advantage over seeds
that are not primed. Many show faster emergence (time it takes for seeds to rise above
the surface of soil), a higher emergence rate (number of seeds that make it to the surface),
and better growth, suggesting that the head start helps them get a good root system down
early and grow faster. This method can be used by farmers because it saves them the
money and time spent for fertilizers, re-seeding, and week plants (Wikipedia Inc., 2008).

Seed Priming


An increasing number of investigators are becoming interested in seed biology
with the objective of understanding and controlling the many aspects of seed germination
and seedling establishment. The reported opportunity to increase germination rates as
well as to improve seedling stands and yields has inspired investigation into the
physiological principles controlling these reactions. In addition to the natural regimen
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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established by nature in native plant seeds, there have been other innovative procedures
developed to augment nature’s best efforts, such as wetting, drying, chilling, thermal
shock, irradiation, aeration, hormone treatments, and others (Bradford, 1995).

Seed priming is a process for treating plant seeds that enables them to undergo
faster and more uniform germination on sowing or planting with the option during
processing or after sowing and allowing their prolonged storage, in packets displayed at
point of sale. The seeds usually germinate more quickly and uniformly than unprimed
seeds, where the geographical situation of the point of priming allows. The seeds can be
sown directly after priming without drying where upon they germinate even faster than
those which have been primed and dried (Lankford B.L., 1999).

For practical purposes, overnight soaking has been shown in rice and corn to be
effective, although a superior response is often obtained from soaking rice and maize for
18 hours (Harris 1996). Farmers can prime their own seed if they know the safe limits.
These safe limits are calculated for each variety so that germination will not continue
once seeds are removed after sowing. Primed seeds will only germinate if it takes up
additional moisture form the soil after sowing. It is important to note this distinction
between priming and pre-germination-sowing, pre-germinated seed under dry land
conditions can be disastrous. In most cases, seed can be primed overnight and is simply
surface-dried and sown the same day. Apart from swelling slightly and weighing more,
primed seed can be treated in the same way as non-primed seed (Harris, 2005).



Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Effect of Plant Extracts on Seed Germination
and Seedling Vigor

Moreland
et. al. (1965) stated that natural inhibitory substance occurs in many
plant species. Many of this substances are leached from the leaves or exuded from the
roots of the plant extract of many of these plants and were found to contain germination
and growing inhibitors.

Lirio (2000) pointed out that it took longer time for the plant extracts-soaked seed
to germinate. The slowest being those soaked in MEPb 5000 ppm where only 82.86%
germinated. It did not differ significantly with those soaked in hydroxychavicol 1000
from (84.76%) and the chemical standard Aliette 4800ppm (85.718).

Benonga (2000) stressed that more vigorous seedlings were produced using water
alone. However, seeds subjected to trumpet plant and sunflower extracts also produced
relatively high vigor index although the two plant species obviously have negative
influence. Castor bean extracts have a great depressive effect on seedling vigor.

She also revealed that plants of extract hastened seed germination about 5.4 days.
The plant extracts appear to have allopathic effect that enhanced longer period of
dormancy of weed species, or delayed weed seed germination. This is long enough to
prevent adverse weed competition effect on the growth of weeds seedling. In allelopathic
study causes long enough to prevent adverse weed competition effect on the growth of
wee seedling. It is useful exploited for weed or pest control.

On seedling vigor, Benonga (2000) reported that extract used in her study had a
comparable effect on seedling vigor of lettuce and carrots. Seeds soaked in water were
much more vigorous compared to the seeds soaked in guava and eucalyptus with
moderate vigor.
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Further more, plan extracts used in the study had comparable effects on the length
of the stem of different weed species. Seed soaked with water produced the longest stem
compared to sunflower and trumpet plant while castor bean obtained the shortest stem. It
indicates that castor bean extract can prevent the growth of weeds.

Rivera (2001) stated that the seed soaking in water has the higher percent survival
than the seed soaked in castor bean. It provides a hint that the castor bean and coconut
water or any of the extract used is not really effective in enhancing crop seed
germination.

He emphasized in terms of number of days to germination, results showed no
significant differences among the treatment, although seeds soaked in mint were the first
germinated followed by water and sunflower and castor bean. Together with coconut
water, extracts appear ineffective in enhancing seed germination. It shows the different
crop seeds have different characteristic some appear to germinate early when soaked in
three hours but some crop seed may need more than three hours soaking, to positively
adapt to possible effects of the different plant extracts (Rivera, 20001).

Further more, plant extracts did not markedly affect seedling growth but they
affected the length of hypocotyls; and epicotyls. Mint extract produced longest
hypocotyls and epicotyls which were significantly higher than castor bean and sunflower.
Castor bean and sunflower extracts have a depressive effect on seed germination and
seedling growth of the crops tested (Rivera, 2001).

A plant growth enhancer from waste coconut water was developed by researchers
led by Dr. J.C. Mamaril. The technology developed by Dr. Mamaril’s team is the coconut
water by filtering and extracting the plant growth hormones. The end-product is a natural,
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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safe and environment-friendly plant growth enhancer. UPLB-biotech pointed out that the
application of the growth enhancer, named commercially as Cocogro, can increase the
vitality and germination of seeds, induce root formation, and enable more efficient
nutrient uptake, which subsequently result in vigorous, rapid plant growth and increase
yield. It also promotes flowering and increase drought resistance owing to increase water
retention of the roots. It has been reported that Cocogro is either sprayed on plants or
used as soaking medium. The amount and method of applying Cocogro depends on the
type of plants grown. Cocogro can also be used in ornamental, cereal crops, fruit trees
and other flowering plants. It has been explained that the product is not a fertilizer
substitute but an alternative to imported and synthetic plant growth hormones (Fernandez,
2004).

















Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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MATERIALS AND METHODS


Preparation of Plant Extracts


Fresh leaves of Sunflower (Helianthus sp.), Malunggay (Moringa oliefera),
Papaya leaves (Carica papaya), Golden bush leaves (Colintus coggygria) and Trumpet
plant ( Datura candida) were collected and washed with tap water before chopping,
macerating and squeezing them to extract the sap. This was screened using fine cotton
cloth to collect the extract.
Seed Priming Treatment

Seed of the three varieties of snap bean were soaked for 8 hours in pure water,
coconut water, and extracts of malunggay leaves, sunflower leaves, papaya leaves,
golden bush leaves and trumpet plant leaves. The experiment was replicated thrice. The
treatments were placed in a polyethylene pot measuring 30x30x20. The study was laid
out in 3x7 factorial design following randomized complete block design (RCBD). There
were four pots per treatments and nine seeds were sown in each pot. After two weeks,
thinning was done leaving only 4 seedlings per pot. All necessary cultural management
practice such as irrigation and weeding (hand pulling) were done.

The treatments used were:
Factor A


Varieties




Source


V1
Bush Blue Lake


BPI


V2
Alno



BPI


V3
Contender
Pontiac
Farm
Supply


Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Factor B
Plant
Extracts


E1 – Pure water (control)


E2 – Papaya leaves (Carica papaya)


E3 – Wild sunflower leaves (Helianthus sp.)


E4 – Malunggay leaves (Moringa oliefera)


E5 – Coconut water (Cocos mucufera)


E6 – Golden bush leaves (Cotinus coggygria)


E7 – Angel Trumpet plant (Datura candida)

All plant extracts were diluted into 90%purity (9 extracts: 1 water).

Data Gathered
1. Days from sowing to emergence. This was recorded by counting the number
of days from sowing to emergence.
2. Percent survival. The data was computed using the formula:





Total number of seed emergence
Percent survival =
X 100




Total number of sown seed


3. No. of normal and abnormal seedlings. This was recorded by counting the
number of seedlings through visual observation.
4. No. of dead and fresh ungerminated seeds. This was recorded by counting the
number of dead and fresh ungerminated seeds.
5. Vigor index. This was determined using the formula:




Number of seed germinated, 1st count+…Last count
Vigor index =
X 100
Days of germination, 1st count+…..Last count

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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6. Plant vigor. The plants were rated using the following scale:

Scale Remarks

1
Very poor growth
2 Poor
growth
3 Moderate
vigorous

4 Vigorous

5 Very
vigorous

7. Plant height 30 DAP. The height of the plants was measured from the base to
the youngest shoot tip 30 days after planting.
8. Dry matter production. This was obtained by weighing five sample plants per
treatment. This was oven- dried for 48 hours at 60 Co.
9. Length and number of roots. This was recorded by measuring the root length
(cm) from base to the tip and counting the number of roots. This was done weekly.
10. Number of root nodules. This was recorded by counting the number of
nodules produced per plant. This was done weekly.
11. Fresh and Dry weight of root nodules. This was obtained by weighing the
fresh root nodules and after oven-drying them for 48 hrs at 60 Co
12. Seedling growth. This was obtained by measuring five sample plants per
treatment from the base to the tip of the plant. This was recorded daily.






Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION


Number of Days from Sowing
to Emergence


Effect of variety. Bush Blue Lake was the earliest to emerge while Alno and
Contender took one day more to emerge. It was said that successful seedlings must
germinate and emerge quickly and uniformly so that water and soil nutrients may be used
with maximum efficiency (Harris, 1996).

Effect of plant extract. Seeds primed with papaya, wild sunflower and malunggay
extracts appeared to delay germination by one day. The three extracts may contain
compounds that may have inhibited or delayed seed emergence.

Table 1. Number of days from sowing to emergence of snap beans as affected by variety
and plant extract
 
TREATMENT 
NUMBER OF DAYS
 

 
Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
4
Alno 5
Contender 5


Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
4
Papaya 5
Wild sunflower
5
Malunggay 5
Coconut water
4
Golden bush
4
Angel trumpet plant
4






Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Percent Germination
Effect of variety. Bush Blue Lake appeared to have the highest percent
germination (78.22%) followed by Alno (68.84%). Contender had a very low
germination percentage (46.65%) which could be attributed to the damage during
handling and planting that could lower germination percentage and increase number of
seedlings with low vigor (Gordon, 2002).
Effect of plant extract. Seeds soaked in pure water and coconut water had the
highest germination of about 79% (Table 2). It is said that coconut water contains growth
hormones, thus application of coconut water can increase the vitality and germination of
seeds (Fernandez, 2004). The other plant extracts used appear to suppress germination.
Interaction effect. Statistical analysis revealed highly significant differences on
percent germination as affected by variety and plant extract interaction. Bush Blue Lake
treated with coconut water, Alno treated with malunggay and Contender treated with pure
water had much higher germination percentage compared to other combinations such as
Contender treated with wild sunflower, golden bush and papaya as well as Alno treated
with wild sunflower.
Contender soaked in golden bush and wild sunflower had the lowest germination
percentage, indicating that the two extracts probably have inhibitory effects on seed
germination. Both could be used instead as possible organic weedicide.





Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Table 2. Percent germination of snap beans as affected by variety and plant extract

TREATMENT
PERCENT GERMINATION


Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
78.22a
Alno 68.84b
Contender 43.65c


Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
79.10a
Papaya 63.32b
Wild sunflower
38.27d
Malunggay 69.23b
Coconut water
79.06a
Golden bush
50.30c
Angel trumpet plant
64.81b
A x B
**
CV (%)
14.04
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significance
DMRT


120
Plant Extract
100
Pure water
tion
80
Papaya
Wild sun flower
mina
60
Malunggay
g
er
40
Cococnut water
20
Golden bush
Percent
Angel trumpet
0
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure1. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the percent germination
of snap bean



Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Number of Normal and
Abnormal Seedlings
 
Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were observed on the number of
normal and abnormal seedlings of the different snap bean varieties (Table 3). Bush Blue
Lake had the highest number of normal seedlings while Contender had the least number
of normal seedlings. In terms of abnormal seedlings, Alno produced the highest number
while Bush Blue Lake produced the least number.
Effect of plant extract. Highly significant differences on number of normal and
abnormal seedlings treated with different plant extracts were observed. More normal
seedlings was noted in plants treated with malunggay extract and coconut water. In terms
of abnormal seedlings, plants treated with coconut water and pure water had the highest
number of 8 and 6, respectively. Plants treated with wild sunflower had the least.
This result implies that wild sunflower extract may not have a pronounced effect
on the germination and growth of bean seeds in general. This coincides with the findings
of Bogatek (2005) that sunflower allelochemicals inhibited seed germination and its
influence on seed viability was less pronounced.
Interaction effect. Bush Blue Lake treated with coconut water had higher number
of normal seedlings followed by Alno treated with malunggay extract, Bush Blue Lake
treated with malunggay, angel trumpet, pure water and wild sunflower extract. Alno
treated with coconut water produced the least number of normal seedlings (Fig. 2a).
Alno soaked in coconut water had the highest number of abnormal seedlings
while Bush Blue Lake soaked in coconut water had the least number of abnormal
seedlings together with Alno soaked in golden bush extract (Fig.2b).
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Table 3. Number of normal and abnormal seedlings of snap bean as affected by variety
and plant extract


NUMBER
TREATMENT
NORMAL ABNORMAL



Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
26a
3c
Alno 18b
6a
Contender 11c
5b



Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
23a
6c
Papaya 18b
4b
Wild sunflower
12c
2a
Malunggay
21ab
4b
Coconut water
21ab
8c
Golden bush
14c
4b
Angel trumpet plant
19ab
5b
AXB **
**
CV 15
20
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significance
DMRT


Normal seedlings have normal growth of shoots and minor defects in the structure
that are ignored if the seedling growth is vigorous. Abnormal seedlings do not have the
capacity to evolve into normal plants; it includes defective seedlings and stunted shoots.
Its essential structure is so much decayed that it will not develop into normal plants
(Singh, 2008).
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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40
Plant Extracts
35
Pure water
30
Papaya
25
Wild sun flower
20
15
Malunggay
Number 10
Cococnut water
5
Golden bush
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 2a. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the number of

normal seedlings of snap bean

16
Plant Extract
14
Pure water
12
Papaya
10
Wild sun flower
Number 8
Malunggay
6
Cococnut water
4
Golden bush
2
Angel trumpet
0
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 2b. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the number of abnormal

seedlings of snap bean



Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Number of Dead and Fresh
Ungerminated Seed

Effect of variety. High number of dead and fresh ungerminated seeds were noted
on Contender while Bush Blue Lake had the least number of dead and fresh ungerminted
seeds. Fresh ungerminated seeds were viable seeds, but do not germinate and remain
fresh under the growing media (sand). On the other hand, dead seeds were inviable seeds
(Singh, 2008).
Effect of plant extracts. Highly significant differences were noted on the number
of dead and fresh ungerminated seeds of plants treated with plant extracts (Table 4). The
low germination percentage of seeds soaked in wild sunflower noted earlier is due to the
high number of dead and fresh ungerminated seeds. Wild sunflower extract may delay or
even be detrimental to germination of bean seeds. Seeds treated with wild sunflower
produced the highest number of fresh ungerminated seeds while seeds treated with
coconut water produced one of the least. Golden bush extract appear to contain some
chemicals that delay germination but does not destroy the seeds. Coconut water on the
other hand, does not possess seed germination-delaying chemical compound (Fernandez,
2004).
Interaction effect. A highly significant interaction effect between variety and plant
extracts was obtained on the number of dead and fresh ungerminated seeds (Table 4).
Alno treated with wild sunflower had more number of dead seeds followed by
Contender treated with golden bush, malunggay, angel trumpet extracts (Fig.3).The least
affected was Bush Blue Lake treated with coconut water, Contender with pure water,
Alno with malunggay and Bush Blue Lake with angel trumpet extract since all had the
least number of dead seeds.
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Figure 3b. shows the interaction effect of variety and plant extracts on the number
of fresh ungerminated seeds. Alno treated with malunggay extract, and Bush Blue Lake
treated with coconut water produced the least number of fresh ungerminated seeds while
high number of fresh ungerminated seed was found in Alno soaked in wild sunflower
extract, Contender soaked in golden bush extract and Contender soaked in angel trumpet
or malunggay extract

Table 4. Number of dead and fresh ungerminated seeds of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract

TREATMENT 
DEAD SEED
FRESH UNGERMINATED SEED



Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
3b
5c
Alno 4b
7b
Contender 8a
12a



Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
3cb
4d
Papaya 5b
8b
Wild sunflower
11a
11a
Malunggay
4cb
7cb
Coconut water
3b
5cd
Golden bush
5b 12a
Angel trumpet plant
4cb
8b
A x B
**
**
CV (%)
25.40
19.70
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significance
DMRT
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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12
Plannt Extract
10
Pure water
Papaya
8
r

Wild sun flower
6
Malunggay
Numbe
Cococnut water
4
Golden bush
2
Angel trumpet
0
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 3a. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the number of dead
seeds of snap bean


25
Plant Extract
20
Pure water
Papaya
15
Wild sun flower
Number 10
Malunggay
Cococnut water
5
Golden bush
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contendeer
V a r i e t y

Figure 3b. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the number of fresh
ungerminated seeds of snap bean




Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Vigor Index and Seedling Vigor
Effect of variety. Vigor index and seedling vigor were significantly different
among the varieties used (Table 5). Bush Blue Lake had markedly higher vigor index at
70.57. In terms of seedling vigor, both Bush Blue Lake and Alno were vigorous. Low
seedling vigor was due to the deterioration of seeds, improper planting and handling of
seedlings (Gordon, 2002). It seemed that the quality of seeds of Alno was not that
desirable.
Effect of plant extract. Among the plant extracts, plants treated with papaya and
coconut water had the highest vigor index but they did not outperform the plants treated
with pure water (control). This result may indicate the inhibitory effect of many of the
extracts used on the seed germination and seedling vigor.

Table 5. Vigor index and seedling vigor of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract

TREATMENT 
VIGOR INDEX (%)
SEEDLING VIGOR



Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
70.57a 4.24a
Alno 60.27b 4.00a
Contender 39.48c 2.71b



Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
71.57a 4.44a
Papaya 66.40a 3.56b
Wild sunflower
34.50c 2.44d
Malunggay 57.74b 3.89b
Coconut water
64.42a 4.44a
Golden bush
44.96b 3.11c
Angel trumpet plant
57.81ab 3.67b
A x B
**
**
CV (%)
11.12
11.93
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significant
DMRT

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Interaction effect. Significant differences were observed on the interaction effect
of variety and plant extracts on the vigor index of snap bean (Fig.4a). Contender soaked
in pure water produced high vigor index together with Bush Blue Lake soaked in coconut
water and Alno soaked in papaya and malunggay extracts. Alno soaked in wild sun
flower extract, Contender soaked in angel trumpet, wild sunflower or golden bush
extracts that produced low vigor index.
Figure 4b presents the interaction effect of variety and plant extracts on the
seedling vigor of snap bean. Contender soaked in pure water, Alno soaked in malunggay
extract and Bush Blue Lake with coconut water registered more vigorous seedlings
followed by Bush Blue Lake soaked in angel trumpet extract and Contender soaked in
coconut water.
The result of the interaction of variety and plant extract agreed with the findings
of Mamaril et al. as cited by Fernandez (2004) that coconut water induces root formation
and enables more efficient nutrient uptake which subsequently result in vigorous
seedlings.

120
Plant Extract
100
Pure water
80
Papaya
60
Wild sun flower
Malunggay
40
Vigor index
Cococnut water
20
Golden bush
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 4a. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the vigor index of snap
bean
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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22 
 
6
Plant Extract
5
Pure water
r

4
Papaya
Wild sun flower
3
Malunggay
2
Cococnut water
 
Seedling vigo
1
Golden bush
Angel trumpet
0
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 4b. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the seedling vigor of


snap bean


Plant Height at 30 DAP


Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were noted on plant height at 30
DAP of the different snap bean varieties (Table 6). Obviously, Bush Blue Lake was the
tallest and Contender the shortest.
Effect of plant extract. Significant differences were found on plant height at 30
DAP as affected by plant extracts (Table 6). Seeds soaked in wild sunflower extract
produced the shortest seedlings while seeds soaked in pure water and coconut water had
the tallest seedlings. It was said that coconut water increases rapid plant growth and
increases yield (Fernandez, 2004).




Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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23 
 
Table 6. Plant height at 30 DAP of snap bean as affected by variety and plant extract
TREATMENT 
PLANT HEIGHT (cm)


Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
117.00a
Alno
34.72b
Contender
27.31b


Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
98.71a
Papaya
54.44ab
Wild sunflower
48.29b
Malunggay
51.90ab
Coconut water
56.43ab
Golden bush
53.63ab
Angel trumpet plant
54.33ab
A x B
*
CV (%)
6.25
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significance
DMRT


Interaction effect. Figure 5 presents the interaction of variety and plant extracts on
the plant height at 30 DAP. Bush Blue Lake soaked in pure water was noted to be the
tallest at 30 DAP. All other interaction resulted to shorter plants indicating that the other
plant extracts may depress rather than enhance height of the bean plants.

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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24 
 
300
Plant Extract
250
Pure water
200
Papaya
150
Wild sun flower
Malunggay
100
Cococnut water
50
Golden bush
Plant height at 30 DAP
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 5. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the plant height at 30 DAP

of snap bean


Weekly Dry Matter Production
of Seedlings

Effect of variety. Significant differences among the varieties on the dry matter
production of seedlings were noted on the second, fourth, and fifth week after seed
emergence (Table 7). Bush Blue Lake and Alno were observed to be vigorous allowing
them to produce higher dry matter production on the second and fourth weeks.
Surprisingly, Bush Blue Lake gave the lowest dry matter on the fifth week. Contender
had the lowest dry matter production on the second to fourth week but it had the highest
dry matter production on the fifth week.
Effect of plant extract. Differences on the dry matter production as affected by
plant extracts started to show on the third week of growth (Table 7). Plants treated with
papaya and angel trumpet extracts produced higher dry matter production than plants
treated with pure water and coconut water.
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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25 
 
On the fourth week, plants treated with pure water (75g) were the highest
producer of dry matter followed by plants treated with coconut water (64g). The highest
dry matter producers were plants treated wild sunflower, golden bush and angel trumpet
extracts.
Plants treated with wild sunflower extract gave the lowest dry matter production
on the fourth week due to poor seedling vigor.
The decease of dry matter production of the seedlings on the fourth week may due
to the uprooting of seedlings for dry matter evaluation.
Interaction effect. Significant interaction effect between variety and plant extract
on dry matter production was observed. Bush Blue Lake treated with golden bush extract
produced the highest dry matter production on the second week of the study (Fig.6a)


Table 7.Weekly dry matter production of snap bean seedlings as affected by variety and
plant extract


DRY MATTER PRODUCTION (g)
TREATMENT 
2ND WEEK 3RD WEEK
4TH WEEK
5TH WEEK





Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
0.23a 0.52 0.59a 1.17b
Alno
0.16b 0.51 0.60a 1.59a
Contender
0.14b 0.44 0.34b 1.70a





Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
0.25
0.58a 0.75a 1.52ab
Papaya 0.18

0.63a
0.55ab
1.39ab
Wild sunflower
0.12
0.31b 0.22d
1.17b
Malunngay
0.15
0.46ab
0.56ab
1.27c
Coconut water
0.23
0.48ab
0.64ab 1.66ab
Golden bush
0.23
0.38b
0.32cd
1.57ab
Angel trumpet plant
0.23
0.16a
0.50bc
1.84a
A x B
*
*
**
*
CV (%)
0.16
0.75
0.88
14.52
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significant
DMRT
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

26 
 
but on the third week, it was Alno treated with pure water that had highest dry matter
production (Fig.6b). Contender treated with pure water was noted to have the highest dry
matter production, on the fourth week (Fig.6c) while on the fifth week, Contender treated
with Coconut water was the highest producer of dry matter (Fig.6d).

It seemed that the variety and plant extract interaction perform consistently on a
week-to-week basis. Probably, there were specific stages of growth in which the
influence of certain plant extracts are more evident.

0.6
Plant Extract
0.5
Pure water
0.4
Papaya
0.3
Wild sun flower
0.2
Malunggay
0.1
Cococnut water
Dry matter production
Golden bush
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 6a. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on dry matter production on

the 2nd week after seed germination of snap bean


Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

27 
 
1.6
Plant Extract
1.4
1.2
Pure water
1
Papaya
0.8
Wild sun flower
0.6
Malunggay
0.4
Cococnut water
Dry matter production
Golden bush
0.2
Angel trumpet
0
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 6b. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on dry matter production on

the 3nd week after seed germination of snap bean


1.4
Plant Extract
1.2
Pure water
1
Papaya
0.8
Wild sun flower
0.6
Malunggay
Cococnut water
Dry matter production 0.4
Golden bush
0.2
Angel trumpet
0
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 6c. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on dry matter production on
the 4th week after seed germination of snap bean
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

28 
 
3
Plant Extract
2.5
Pure water
2
Papaya
1.5
Wild sun flower
Malunggay
1
Cococnut water
0.5
Golden bush
Dry matter production
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 6d. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on dry matter production on
the 5th week after seed germination of snap bean

Weekly Length of Roots
Effect of variety. Bush Blue Lake produced the longest roots from the second to
fourth week after emergence. This was obviously the result of its early emergence as well
as high germination percentage. Fast or early germination result in rapid development of
the seedling root system (Harris, 2005). The three varieties of bush bean had similar
length of roots on the fifth week after seed emergence.

It implies that the length of root system have an effect on the vigor of seedlings,
leading to better crop stand and higher dry matter production.
Effect of plant extract. Significant differences among plant extracts were found on
the length of roots (Table 8). Coconut water promoted longer roots compared to the other
extracts but did not surpass the performance of pure water.


Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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29 
 
Table 8.Weekly length of roots of snap bean as affected by variety and plant extract


LENGTH OF ROOTS (cm)
TREATMENT 
2ND WEEK
3RD WEEK
4TH WEEK
5TH WEEK





Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
14.66a 19.79a 15.53a 21.18
Alno
9.89b
17.39ab 11.12b 20.46
Contender
4.11c 15.10b
7.65c 22.23





Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
11.41
25.59a 20.65a 28.56a
Papaya 11.92

17.66ab 10.63bc
20.97ab
Wild sunflower
6.56
10.81c
5.01d 17.72b
Malunggay
9.32
19.40ab 11.58bc
20.90ab
Coconut water
9.78
19.94ab 14.19ab
19.15ab
Golden bush
9.68
12.54bc
6.94d
21.55ab
Angel trumpet plant
8.18
16.03abc 11.05c
20.18ab
A x B
ns
ns
**
ns
CV (%)
0.74
10.59
7.03
7.61
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significance
DMRT


Coconut water contain a variety of fine biochemicals including plant growth hormones
such as gibberellins, auxins and cytokinins that is essential in promoting seed
germination resulting in rapid development of the seedlings root system (Fernandez,
2005).
Interaction
effect. Significant interaction between variety and plant extract was
observed only on the fourth week of plant emergence. Contender soaked in pure water
produced the longest roots followed by Bush Blue Lake soaked in angel trumpet extract.
Contender soaked in golden bush, malunggay, papaya and angel trumpet extract as well
as Alno soaked in wild sunflower extract, Bush Blue Lake soaked in golden bush extract
had poor root development (Fig.7).
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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30 
 

Soaking in pure water alone before sowing produced longest root length that
could increase the speed of germination and emergence leading to better crop stand
(Harris D, 2005).

35
Plant Extract
30
25
Pure water
Papaya
20
Wild sun flower
15
Malunggay
g
th of roots
10
Len
Cococnut water
5
Golden bush
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 7. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the length of roots on the
4th week after seed germination of snap bean









Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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31 
 
Weekly Number of Secondary Roots

Effect of variety. Marked differences were observed on the number of developed
secondary roots from the second to the fifth week of emergence (Table 9). Bush Blue
Lake produced more number of secondary roots from the second to the fifth week after
seed emergence. The faster and earlier germination of bush blue lake obviously led to the
production of higher number of secondary roots leading to vigorous seedlings.

Effect of plant extract. The different plant extracts significantly affected the
number of secondary roots only on the third and fourth week after seed emergence but
did not affect the number of secondary roots on the second and fifth week after seed
emergence. Plants treated with papaya and malunggay extracts together with pure water
and coconut water and angel trumpet extract produced higher count of secondary roots
than wild sunflower on the third week after seed emergence. On the fourth week, plants
treated with pure water and coconut water obtained the higher number of secondary roots
while plants treated wild sunflower had the least number of secondary roots. The soaking
of snap bean seeds seem to be beneficial in the development of secondary roots that could
lead to better mineral absorption and ultimately higher yield.

Wild sunflower extracts influence growth of surrounding plants and can be
depressive to some crops because of its high allelopathic potential that inhibit seed
germination and negatively influence seed viability. Consequently low seed viability
may lead to lower secondary roots production and poor seedling vigor (Bogatek, 2005).




Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

32 
 
Table 9.Weekly number of secondary roots of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract


NUMBER OF SECONDARY ROOTS
TREATMENT 
2ND WEEK
3RD WEEK
4TH WEEK
5TH WEEK





Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
16a 15a 10a 10b
Alno 13a 12b
9a 14a
Contender
6b 10b
4b
13ab





Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
16
13a 10a 13
Papaya 10
14a 8ab 13
Wild sunflower
9
9b
4c 12
Malunggay
8
14a
8ab 11
Coconut water
20
13a 10a 11
Golden bush
10
10ab
6b 13
Angel trumpet plant
9
13a
8ab 13
A x B
ns
*
**
ns
CV (%)
23.38
21.18
21.34
21.23
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significance
DMRT


Interaction effect. The interaction effect of variety and plant extracts on the
number of roots on the third week after seed emergence is presented in Fig. 8a. Alno
soaked in wild sunflower and Contender soaked in golden bush extract had the least
number of roots observed. Alno soaked in papaya extract was the best combination
followed by Bush Blue Lake soaked in malunggay extract and Bush Blue Lake soaked in
wild sunflower extract.
There were highly significant interaction effect of variety and plant extracts on the
number of secondary roots on the fourth week. It could be observed that Alno soaked in
wild sunflower and angel trumpet extracts, Contender soaked in wild sunflower and angel
trumpet extracts produced the lowest number of secondary roots indicating lower
potential for dry matter production. Contender soaked in pure water produced more
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

33 
 
number of secondary roots that perhaps contributed to the longer roots. This result
supports the findings of Harris (1996) that soaking seed in water before sowing could
increase germination and emergence leading to better crop stand (Fig.8b).
18
Plant Extract
16
14
Pure water
12
Papaya
10
Wild sun flower
8
Malunggay
6
Number
4
Cococnut water
2
Golden bush
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 8a. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the number of secondary

root on the 3rd week after seed germination of snap bean


14
Plant Extract
12
Pure water
10
Papaya
8
Wild sun flower
6
Number
Malunggay
4
Cococnut water
2
Golden bush
0
Angel trumpet
BushBblue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 8b. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the number of

secondary on the roots 4th week after seed germination of snap bean

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

34 
 
Weekly Number of Root Nodules


Effect of variety. Alno had slightly higher number of root nodules on the fourth
and fifth week after seed emergence. The presence of root nodule could be a good
indication of growth of beans. The more nodules, the better could be the plant growth.

It appeared that the number of root nodules produced was not affected by shorter
root length or number of secondary roots.

Effect of plant extract. Marked differences were observed on the number of root
nodules on the second to fifth week after seed emergence (Table 10). Plants treated with
pure water produced high number of root nodules on the second and fourth week and
moderately high number of root nodules on the third and fifth week after seed emergence.
Plants treated with papaya extract was observed to have more number of root nodules on
the third week and plants treated with coconut water on the fifth week after seed
emergence. Plants treated with wild sunflower, golden bush, angel trumpet and
malunggay extracts (second week) had the least number of root nodules.

Pure water and coconut water produced high number of root nodules that led to
more vigorous crops that could eventually lead to increased yield.
Interaction
effect. The interaction effect between snap bean variety and plant
extracts on the number of root nodules on weekly growth is presented in Fig, 9a, b and c.
Contender soaked in pure water produced the highest number of root nodules followed by
Alno soaked in angel trumpet extract and Contender soaked in coconut water. Alno
soaked in pure water together with Contender soaked in malunggay extract produced the
least number of root nodules (Fig 9a). Surprisingly, Alno soaked in angel trumpet extract
was observed to have the least number of root nodules but on the second week, it
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

35 
 
produced high number of root nodules. Remarkably, Contender soaked in pure water and
coconut water produced the highest number of root nodules while Alno and Contender
soaked in wild sunflower extract obtained the least number of root nodules (Fig.9c).

This indicates that pure water and coconut water are still the best in influencing
the production of root nodules resulting to much more vigorous seedlings.

Table 10.Weekly number of root nodules of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract

NUMBER OF ROOT NODULES
TREATMENT 
2ND WEEK
3RD WEEK
4TH WEEK
5TH WEEK





Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
4a 19 15a 22b
Alno 1b 18 16a 30a
Contender 4a 19 12b 29ab





Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
9a
21ab 23a 31a
Papaya 1cd 25a
14ab
25ab
Wild sunflower
0d 12b
7c 19b
Malunggay 1cd
20ab
14ab 34a
Coconut water
6ab
19ab 21a
31ab
Golden bush
3bc
13ab
7c
25ab
Angel trumpet plant
3bc
19ab
13bc
23ab
A x B
**
*
**
ns
CV (%)
27.12
25.59
23.35
22.94
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significance
DMRT


Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

36 
 
18
Plant Extract
16
Pure water
14
12
Papaya
10
Wild sun flower
8
Malunggay
Number
6
Cococnut water
4
Golden bush
2
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 9a. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the number of root

nodules on the 2nd week after seed germination of snap bean


35
Plant Extract
30
Pure water
25
Papaya
20
Wild sun flower
Number 15
Malunggay
10
Cococnut water
Golden bush
5
Angel trumpet
0
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 9b. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the weekly number of
root nodules on the 3rd week after seed germination of snap bean
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

37 
 
35
30
Plant Extract
25
Pure water
20
Papaya
15
Wild sun flower
Number 10
Malunggay
Cococnut water
5
Golden bush
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 9c. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the weekly number of


root nodules on the 4th week after seed germination of snap bean


Weekly Weight of Root Nodules


Effect of variety. There were significant differences on the fresh and dry weight
of root nodules only on the fourth week. Contender had significantly lighter fresh and dry
weight of root nodules (0.11g) than Bush Blue Lake.

Effect of plant extract. The result revealed significant differences on the effect of
plant extracts on the weekly weight of root nodules. Plants treated with wild sunflower
seem to have the heaviest fresh on the fourth week and fifth week of growth. Since the
performance of pure water was not overshadowed, any of the extracts used did not
enhance nodule development.



Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

38 
 
Table 11.Weekly weight of root nodules of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract


WEIGHT OF ROOT NODULES (g)

4TH WEEK
5TH WEEK
TREATMENT 
FRESH
DRY
FRESH
DRY





Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
0.29a 0.13a 0.52 0.21
Alno 0.14b 0.05b 0.46 0.19
Contender 0.11b 0.05b 0.57 0.21





Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
0.28a
0.11ab 0.66a 0.21
Papaya
0.16ab
0.07abc 0.53a 0.19
Wild sunflower
0.50a 0.29a 0.02b 0.29
Malunggay
0.16ab
0.08abc 0.53a 0.19
Coconut water
0.19ab 0.13a 0.45a 0.25
Golden bush
0.19ab
0.05bc 0.46a 0.17
Angel trumpet plant
0.16ab
0.08bc 0.40a 0.13
A x B
*
ns
ns
ns
CV (%)
0.69
1.03
0.33
0.74
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significance
DMRT


Interaction
effect. Marked differences among the various interactions were also
observed on the fresh weight of root nodules only on the fourth week. Bush Blue Lake
soaked in papaya extract and pure water; Contender soaked in pure water and coconut
water; Alno soaked in golden bush produced heavier fresh weight of root nodules. The
highest root nodules were obtained from Alno soaked in pure water and Contender
soaked in papaya.
It appears that nodule fresh weight could be enhanced only by the specific
combination of Bush Blue Lake with papaya extract.

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

39 
 
0.5
Plant Extract
0.45
0.4
Pure water
0.35
Papaya
0.3
0.25
Wild sun flower
0.2
Malunggay
Weight 0.15
Cococnut water
0.1
Golden bush
0.05
0
Angel trumpet
Bush Blue Lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 10. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the weekly fresh weight

of root nodules on the 4th week after seed germination of snap bean


Seedling Growth

Effect of variety. Bush Blue Lake obviously had the tallest seedlings followed by
Alno (Table 12). Bush blue lake produced longer roots leading to better crop stand. These
results could have a bearing on the actual yield later.

Effect of plant extract. The seedling growth as affected by plant extract was
presented in Table 12. No significant differences on the different plant extracts were
noted although plants treated with coconut water and papaya extract had numerically the
tallest seedlings while plants treated wild sunflower extract had the shortest seedlings.
Interaction
effect. The interaction effect of variety and plant extracts on the
seedling growth of snap bean is presented in Fig.11. Alno and Contender soaked in wild
sunflower extract was observed to have the shortest seedling while Alno soaked in golden
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

40 
 
bush and Bush Blue Lake soaked in coconut water, papaya extract and pure water had the
tallest seedlings.

This result further showed that wild sunflower extract was a depressant to
seedling growth in contrast to the effect of coconut water, papaya extract, angel trumpet
extract and pure water.

Table 12. Seedling growth of snap bean as affected by variety and plant extract

TREATMENT 
SEEDLING GROWTH (cm)

 
Varieties (A)
Bush Blue Lake
65.10a
Alno 26.60b
Contender 19.54c


Plant extracts (B)
Pure water
35.25
Papaya 38.92
Wild sunflower
33.81
Malunggay 35.32
Coconut water
39.23
Golden bush
37.52
Angel trumpet plant
37.10
A x B
**
CV (%)
14.76
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level of significant
DMRT
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

41 
 
90
Plant Extract
80
70
Pure water
60
Papaya
50
Wild sun flower
40
Malunggay
Seedling growth
30
Cococnut water
20
Golden bush
10
Angel trumpet
0
Bush blue lake
Alno
Contender
V a r i e t y

Figure 11. Interaction effect of variety and plant extract on the seedling growth of
snap bean




























Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

42
   
 
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS


Summary

Three snap bean varieties and five plant extracts together with pure water and
coconut water were studied for seed priming under plastic house condition at Benguet
State University. The varieties were Bush Blue Lake, Alno and Contender. The plant
extracts were papaya, wild sunflower, malunggay, golden bush and angel trumpet plant.
Bush Blue Lake generally performed better than the other two varieties tested. It
was the earliest to emerge, had the highest percent germination (78.22%), and highest
number of normal seedlings. It also produced vigorous seedlings, high vigor index and
the tallest at 30 DAP. Bush Blue Lake also had the longest roots, more number of
secondary roots and the heaviest weight of root nodules. On the dry matter production,
Bush Blue Lake produced relatively higher dry matter production on the second and third
week.
On the weekly number of root nodules, Bush Blue Lake and Contender had
significantly higher nodule count on the second and third week but Alno was
significantly higher on the fourth and fifth week.
Plants treated with papaya extract increased dry matter production but only on the
third week after seed germination. However, it delayed seed germination by one day.
Plants treated wild sunflower extract, on the other hand, not only affected the seed vigor
but also appeared to enhance seed deterioration and limited dry matter production as well
as seedling growth. Malunggay extract increased the number of secondary roots on the
fourth week but it also reduced seedling growth.
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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43 
 
Coconut water increased percent germination and enhanced the seedling growth
of snap bean. In contrast, golden bush extract rpeduced germination and vigor index and
decreased the number of secondary roots on the third week consequently affecting the
root length and the height of snap bean as well as reduced dry matter production on the
fourth week. Angel trumpet increased the number of secondary roots four weeks after
seed germination apnd increased dry matter production on the fourth week.
In relation to variety and plant extract interaction, Bush Blue Lake treated with
coconut water increased the percent germination and vigor index and produced high
number of normal seedling but increased number of dead and ungerminated seeds. Alno
with papaya extract increased germination percentage and vigor index. Alno with angel
trumpet extract increased dry matter production on the fifth week after seed germination
and increased number of root nodules on the second week after seed germination. Alno
treated with sunflower extract reduced seed germination, seedling vigor, decreased dry
matter production and number of root nodules. Contender treated with papaya extract
reduced percent germination due to the delayed seed emergence and negatively affected
root length and weight of root nodules on the fourth week. Contender treated with golden
bush extract reduced number of normal seedlings, seedling vigor, dry matter production,
root length and number of secondary root on the fourth week after seed germination.
Contender soaked in angel trumpet extract decreased vigor index and reduced dry matter
production and length of root on the fourth week after seed germination.

Conclusions


Bush Blue Lake was the fastest to emerge, enhanced higher percent germination
and also produced vigorous seedlings with high dry matter production. It also obtained
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

44 
 
the longest roots, higher number of secondary roots and greater number and weight of
root nodules.
For seed priming of snap bean, pure water is still the best. However, coconut
water is as good as pure water in this regard. For one, coconut water and angel trumpet
extract enhanced seed emergence. In addition coconut water also increased percent
germination, vigor index and seedling vigor. On the other hand, papaya extract also
increased vigor index and has the potential to increase dry matter production of growing
seedlings.

In terms of interaction, three snap bean varieties performed differently when
applied with extracts. Bush Blue Lake tend to respond better to coconut water application
while Alno with either papaya or malunggay extracts appeared to be good combinations.
Contender with coconut water is also a good combination for dry matter and root nodule
production.

Recommendations
For better seedling development, Bush Blue Lake is recommended. Coconut
water is recommended for priming snap bean seeds due to its known nutrient contents
which are important for plant growth development. Angel trumpet, Malunggay and
papaya extracts could be used for further studies on seed germination. Wild sunflower
could be explored as weed control agent.
For priming purposes, Bush Blue Lake could be applied with coconut water.



Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

45
   
 
LITERATURE CITED

BEAN, ALLAN L. 2004. Grolier Encyclopedia of Knowledge. USA. P. 20

BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE STATISTIC. 2006 PCARRRD Information Bulletin
No.274/2008.Snap Bean Guide. Accessed at
http:pcarrd.dost.gov.ph/joomla/index.php

BENONGA, R.T. 2000. Allelophatic effect of Botanical Extracts of Seed Germination of
some Noxious Weed Species and Small Seeded Crops.BS Thesis. Benguet Sate
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp.14-17

BOGATEK, R. 2005. Sunflower Allechemicals Mode of action in germination od
Mustard seeds. Retrieve February 9 2010 from
http://www.regional.org.au/au/allelopathy/2005/2/2/2408_bogatekr.htm

BRADFORD, KENT J. 1995. Water Relations in Seed Germination. Accessed at
http:/www.decagon.com/lliterature/app-note/seedpriming.pdf

FERNANDEZ. R.A. 2004. Plant Growth Enhancer from Waste Coco Water
Development. Philippines Star. Retrieve July 13 2009 from
http:www.up.edu.ph./conline-news-062804.html

GORDON, J. 2008. Legume Vegetable Seed Issues. Extension Ag Agent, Kent Co.
Retrieve August 17 2009 from http://www.gcjohn@udel.edu

HARRIS, D. 1996. Plant Science Research Program: Highlights and Impact. Seed
Priming. On-Farm Seed Priming. Retrieve March 28 2009 from
http://www.fao.org/docs/eims/uypload/agrothec/1894/SeedPriming.pdf

HARRIS, D. 2005. Seed Priming. Retrieve March 28 2009 from
http://www.gaiamovement.org/files/booklet29priming.pdf

LANKFORD, B.L. 1999 Seed Priming. Accessed at
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5873197/description.html

LIRIO, L. 1999-2000. Eradication of Block Rot in Crucifer Seeds by Plant Extracts fro
Psidium Guavaja and Piper Betle LINN. Faculteit Bouekundige En. Toegepaste
Biologische Westenschappen. University Gent. PH. Pp. 71,73

MORELAND, D.E., G.H. EGLEX, A.D. WORSHAM and J.J. MANALO. 1965.
Regulation of Plant Growth by Constituent from Higher Plant, Natural Agent
Control. Advance in Chemistry Series. 23. Pp. 112-141

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

46 
 
SINGH, S.K. 2008. Biotechnology Plant Propagation and Plant Breeding. Campus Book
International New Dehi. Pp. 322-323.

RIVERA, A.S. 2001. Enhancing the Germination of Selected Crop Seed Using Plant
Extract. BS Thesis. Benguet Sate University, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp.12,31

WIKIPEDIA FOUNDATION INC. 2008. Priming (agriculture). Accessed at
http://en.wikipedia.org.wiki.Priming_ (agriculture)






































Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

 
47 
 
APPENDICES


Appendix Table 1. Number of days from sowing to emergence of snap bean seed as
affected by variety and plant extract.




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 4
4
4
12
4
V1E2 4
4
4
12
4
V1E3 4
4
4
12
4
V1E4 4
4
4
12
4
V1E5 4
4
4
12
4
V1E6 5
4
4
13
4
V1E7 5
4
4
13
4












V2E1 4
4
4
12
4
V2E2 4
4
4
12
4
V2E3 5
6
6
17
6
V2E4 4
5
5
14
5
V2E5 5
4
4
17
6
V2E6 4
4
4
12
4
V2E7 4
4
4
12
4












V3E1 4
4
4
12
4
V3E2 5
4
4
17
6
V3E3 5
7
7
17
6
V3E4 4
5
5
14
5
V3E5 4
4
4
12
4
V3E6 5
5
5
14
5
V3E7
6 5 5
15
5






 








Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

48 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
4 4 4 12 4

E2
4 4 6 14 5

E3
4 6 6 16 5

E4
4 5 5 14 5

E5
4 6 4 14 5

E6
4 4 5 13 4

E7
4 4 5 13 4

TOTAL 28
33
35

MEAN 4
5
5














Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

49 
 
Appendix Table 2. Percent germination of snap bean seed as affected by variety and plant
extract.




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 80.55
83.88
75.00
239.43
79.81
V1E2 80.55
77.77
69.44
227.76
75.92
V1E3 80.55
77.77
80.55
238.87
79.26
V1E4 91.66
69.44
88.88
249.98
83.26
V1E5
97.22
97.66
100
249.88
98.29
V1E6
36.11
47.22
63.88
147.21
49.07
V1E7
69.44
100
75.00
244.44
81.48












V2E1 55.55
75.00
72.22
202.77
67.59
V2E2 83.88
86.11
77.77
247.76
82.58
V2E3
16.66
13.88
16.66
42.2
15.73
V2E4
97.66
88.88
97.66
284.2
94.73
V2E5 55.55
58.33
61.11
174.99
58.33
V2E6 88.88
66.66
80.55
236.09
78.69
V2E7
100
75.00
77.77
252.77
84.25












V3E1 86.11
100
91.66
277.77
92.59
V3E2 33.33
30.55
30.55

94.43
31.47
V3E3
25.00
27.77
5.55
58.32
19.44
V3E4 38.88
30.55
19.44

88.87
29.62
V3E5 88.88
75.00
77.77
241.65
80.55
V3E6 19.44
22.22
27.77

69.43
23.14
V3E7
19.44 38.88 27.77

86.09
28.69






 











Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

50 
 

TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
1 2
TOTAL
3
MEAN






E1
78.81 67.59 92.59 239.99 79.99

E2
75.92 82.58 31.47 189.97 63.32

E3
79.26 15.73 19.44 114.43 38.14

E4
83.26 94.73 29.62 207.61 69.20

E5
98.29 58.33 80.55 237.17 79.06

E6
49.07 78.69 23.14 150.9 50.3

E7
81.48
84.25
28.69
194.42
64.81

TOTAL 547.09
481.9
305.5


MEAN
78.16
68.84
43.64



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22
479.24
2078.14
26.10
0.001

Replication
2
23.17
11.58
0.15
0.8650

Variety (A)
2
13425.78
6712.89
84.30**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
12236.76
2039.46
5.61**
0.0001

AXB
12 20033.52
1669.46
20.96**
0.0001

Error
40 3185.38
79.634


Total
62

2613.94

**-
highly
significant

CV=14.04%
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

51 
 
Appendix Table 3. Number of normal seedling of snap bean as affected by variety and
plant extract.




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
27 28 27
84
27
V1E2
25 26 22
53
17
V1E3
29 26 29
84
28
V1E4
29 21 30
80
27
V1E5
33 34 36
103
34
V1E6
6 7 20
33
11
V1E7
23 33 26
82
27












V2E1
11 18 17
46
15
V2E2
24 25 26
74
25
V2E3
0
3
6
9
3
V2E4
29 26 33
88
29
V2E5
1
6
10
17
6
V2E6
29 21 28
78
26
V2E7
29 21 24
74
25












V3E1
17 33 28
78
26
V3E2
1
8
7
16
5
V3E3
2
9
1
12
4
V3E4
9
9
6
24
8
V3E5
25 18 25
68
23
V3E6
0
7
7
14
5
V3E7
1
8
4
13
4



















Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

52 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
27.3 15.3 26 69 23

E2
17.3 24.6 5.3 47 16

E3
28 3 4 39 13

E4
26.6 29.3 8 64 21

E5
3.3
5.6
22.6
63
21

E6
11 26
4.6 83 28

E7
27.3
24.6
4.3
56
13

TOTAL 172
128
116

MEAN 25
18
17


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 131.15 5.96 16.06 0.001

Replication
2 6.67 1.83 4.95 0.0120

Variety (A)
2
42.11
21.05
56.73**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
20.31
3.38
9.12**
0.0001

AXB
12
65.05
5.42
14.60**
0.0001

Error
40 14.84 0.42


Total
62
146.00

**-
highly
significant

CV=15.04%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

53 
 
Appendix Table 4. Number of abnormal seedling of snap bean as affected by variety and
plant extract.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
2 2 0
4
1
V1E2
4 2 3
9
3
V1E3
0 2 0
2
1
V1E4
4 4 2
5
2
V1E5
2 1 0
3
1
V1E6
7
10
3
20
7
V1E7
2 3 1
6
2












V2E1
9 9 9
27
9
V2E2
6 6 3
15
5
V2E3
6
2
0
8
3
V2E4
6 6 2
14
5
V2E5
19
15
12
46
15
V2E6
3
3
1
7
3
V2E7
7 6 4
17
6












V3E1 14

4
5
23
8
V3E2
1
3
4
8
3
V3E3
7
1
1
9
3
V3E4
5
2
1
8
3
V3E5
7 9 3
19
6
V3E6
7 1 3
11
4
V3E7
6 6 6
18
6













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

54 
 
TWO WAY TABLE


VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
1.3
9
7.6
18
6

E2
3
5
2.6
11
4

E3
0.6
2.6
3
6
3

E4
1.6
4.6
2.6
9
3

E5
1
15.3
6.6
23
8

E6
6.6
2.3
3.6
13
4

E7
2
5.6
6
14
5

TOTAL 16 5 29

MEAN 2 8 4


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 34.19 1.55 8.14 0.001

Replication
2
4.99
2.49
13.07
0.0001

Variety (A)
2
7.56
3.78
20.02**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
6.86
1.44
5.99**
0.0002

AXB
12
14.76
1.23
6.44**
0.0001

Error
40
7.64
0.19



Total
62
41.83

**-
highly
significant

CV=20.97%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

55 
 
Appendix Table 5. Number of dead seeds of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract.




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 3
2
5
10
3
V1E2 2
5
8
15
5
V1E3 3
5
4
12
4
V1E4
0
5
2
7
3
V1E5
0
0
0
0
0
V1E6 4
7
0
14
7
V1E7
7
0
3
7
2












V2E1 6
4
3
13
4
V2E2
2
1
3
6
2
V2E3
12
10
9
31
10
V2E4
1
1
1
3
1
V2E5 7
5
5
17
6
V2E6
1
4
3
8
3
V2E7
0
4
3
7
2












V3E1
2
0
0
2
1
V3E2
5
9
11
25
8
V3E3
18
19
20
57
19
V3E4
6
7
12
25
8
V3E5
1
4
4
9
3
V3E6
10
11
5
26
9
V3E7
12
6
7
25
8


















Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

56 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
3.3
4.3
0.6
8
3

E2
5
2
8.3
5
5

E3
4
10.3
19
33
11

E4
2.3
1
8.3
12
4

E5
0
5.6
3
9
3

E6
5.6
2.6
8.6
17
6

E7
2.3
2.3
8.3
13
4

TOTAL 23
28 56


MEAN 3 9 8


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 45.50 2.06 6.89
0.001

Replication
2
0.13
0.06
0.22
0.0001

Variety (A)
2
10.76
5.38
17.93**
0.8002

Extract (B)
6
16.10
2.68
8.94**
0.0001

AXB
12
18.49
1.54
6.80**
0.0001

Error
40 12.01 0.30


Total
62
57.51

**-
highly
significant

CV=25.40%
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

57 
 
Appendix Table 6. Number of fresh ungerminated seeds of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract.





TREATMENt
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1
4
4
4
12
4
V1E2
5
3
3
11
4
V1E3
4
3
3
10
3
V1E4
3
6
2
11
4
V1E5
1
7
0
8
11
V1E6
16
12
4
32
4
V1E7
7
0
6
13
4












V2E1
10
5
7
22
8
V2E2
4
4
5
13
4
V2E3
18
21
21
60
20
V2E4
0
3
0
3
1
V2E5
9
10
9
28
9
V2E6
3
8
4
15
5
V2E7
0
5
5
10
3












V3E1
3
3
3
6
2
V3E2
19
14
14
50
16
V3E3
9
14
14
30
10
V3E4
16
17
17
51
17
V3E5
3
4
4
12
4
V3E6
19
21
21
57
19
V3E7
17
19
19
52
17













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

58 
 
TWO WAY TABLE


VARIETY


TREATMENT
1 2
TOTAL
3
MEAN






E1
4
7.8
2
14
5

E2
3.6
4.3
16.2
24
8

E3
3.3
20
10
33
11

E4
3.6
1
17
21
7

E5
2.6
9.3
4
16
5

E6
10.6
5
1
35
12

E7
4.3
3.3
17.3
25
8

TOTAL 32
51
84

MEAN 5
7
12


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DF SUM
OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE






Treatment
22 2352.92
106.95 16.39
0.001

Replication
2
0.92
0.49
0.08
0.9275

Variety (A)
2
639.46
319.73
49.00**
0.8002

Extract (B)
6
385.49
64.24
9.85**
0.0001

AXB
12
1326.98
110.58
16.95**
0.0001

Error
40
261.01
6.52



Total
62
2613.93



**-
highly
significant

CV=31.80%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

59 
 
Appendix Table 7. Vigor index of snap bean as affected by variety and plant extract.




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 59.18
76.92
90.00
226.1
75.36
V1E2 74.36
66.66
64.10

205.11
68.37
V1E3 74.36
46.66
96.66

217.44
72.55
V1E4 67.34
41.66
44.44

153.44
51.14
V1E5
89.74
116.66
92.30
298.4
99.46
V1E6 58.97
28.57
46.93
134.47
44.82
V1E7
64.10
92.30
90.00
246.4
82.13












V2E1 15.28
55.10
36.11
106.49
35.49
V2E2
136.36
79.48
71.79
289.63
98.87
V2E3
15.38
12.82
12.24
40.44
13.48
V2E4
89.74
106.66
89.74
286.14
95.38
V2E5 33.33
53.84
36.66
123.83
41.27
V2E6 65.30
40.00
96.66
201.96
67.32
V2E7 92.30
55.10
71.79
219.19
73.06












V3E1
63.26
163.63
84.61
311.5
103.82
V3E2 40.00
28.20
36.66
104.86
34.95
V3E3
16.32
33.33
2.77
52.45
17.47
V3E4 28.57
28.20
23.33

80.1
26.7
V3E5 63.26
55.10
38.88
157.25
52.41
V3E6
17.94
36.36
13.88
68.18
22.72
V3E7
12.24
28.57
13.88
54.69
18.23













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

60 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
75.36 35.49 103.82 214.67 71.56

E2
68.37 98.87 34.95 202.19 67.40

E3
72.55 13.48 17.47 103.5 34.5

E4
51.14 95.38 26.7 173.22 57.74

E5
99.46 41.27 52.41 193.14 64.38

E6
44.82 67.32 22.72 130.37 43.46

E7
82.3 73.06 18.23 173.42 57.81

TOTAL 493.83
424.87
276.3


MEAN 70.55
60.70
92.1


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22
2.89
0.13
8.20
0.0001

Replication
2
0.02
0.01
0.69
0.5082

Variety (A)
2
0.76
0.38
0.23**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
0.65
0.10
6.79**
0.0001

AXB
12
01.45
0.12
7.55**
0.0001

Error
40
0.64
0.01



Total
62
3.53



**-
highly
significant

CV=7.16%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

61 
 
Appendix Table 8. Plant vigor of snap bean as affected by variety and plant extract.




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 4
5
4
13
4.3
V1E2
4
4
4
12
4
V1E3
4
4
4
12
4
V1E4 5
4
5
13
4.3
V1E5
5
5
5
15
5
V1E6
2
3
4
9
3
V1E7 5
5
4
14
4.6












V2E1
4
4
4
12
4
V2E2 5
5
4
14
4.6
V2E3
5
1
2
5
1.6
V2E4
5
5
5
15
5
V2E5
4
4
4
12
4
V2E6 5
4
4
13
4.3
V2E7 5
4
4
13
4.6












V3E1
5
5
5
15
5
V3E2
2
2
2
6
2
V3E3
2
2
1
5
1.6
V3E4
2
2
2
6
2
V3E5 5
4
4
13
4.3
V3E6
2
2
2
6
2
V3E7
2
2
2
6
2













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

62 
 
TWO WAY TABLE


VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
4.3
4
5
13.5
4.5

E2
4
4.6
2
10.6
3.5

E3
4
1.6
1.6
7.2
2.4

E4
4.3
5
2
11.3
3.8

E5
5
4
4.3
13.3
4.4

E6
3
4.3
2
9.3
3.1

E7
4.6
4.3
2
10.9
3.6

TOTAL
29.2
27.8
18.9


MEAN 4.2
3.9
2.7


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22
90.73
4.2
2.74
0.0001

Replication
2
0.41
0.20
1.09
0.5082

Variety (A)
2
28.22
14.11
74.39**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
27.65
4.60
24.30**
0.0001

AXB
12
34.44
2.87
15.13**
0.0001

Error
40
7.58
0.18



Total
62
98.31

**-
highly
significant

CV=11.93%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

63 
 
Appendix Table 9. Plant height of snap bean at 30 DAP (cm).




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 93.08
112.26
521.70
727.76
242.58
V1E2 110.98
107.74
112.44
331.16
110.39
V1E3 115.86
103.01
119.12
338.00
112.66
V1E4 107.8
93.42
111.74
312.96
104.32
V1E5 135.44
108.22
115.48
359.14
119.71
V1E6
106.26
111.02
111.74
329.2
109.73
V1E7 104.92
109.82
106.02
320.94
106.98












V2E1
22.42
22.98
21.62
67.02
22.34
V2E2 21.86
26.98
29.40

78.24
26.08
V2E3
12.00
13.24
15.20
40.44
13.46
V2E4 25.50
24.50
22.40
72.4
24.13
V2E5
20.38
20.16
19.08
59.56
19.85
V2E6
25.14
19.82
22.26
67.14
22.40
V2E7 28.66
29.06
23.88
136.14
45.38












V3E1 28.72
32.72
32.20
93.64
31.21
V3E2 25.34
28.62
26.62
80.58
26.86
V3E3
22.09
28.78
4.48
56.16
18.72
V3E4 29.56
25.88
26.28
81.72
18.24
V3E5 29.22
32.84
27.06
89.12
29.70
V3E6 31.64
26.90
27.72
86.26
28.75
V3E7
17.84 39.28 28.96
86.08
28.69














Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

64 
 
TWO WAY TABLE


VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
242.58 22.34 31.21 293.13 98.71

E2
110.39 26.08 26.86 163.33 54.44

E3
112.66 13.46 18..72 144.84 48.28

E4
104.32 24.13 27.24 155.69 51.90

E5
119.71 19.85 29.70 169.26 56.42

E6
22.40 109.85 28.75 160.88 53.62

E7
103.98 45.38 28.69 181.05 60.35

TOTAL
816.04
260.97
191.17


MEAN 116.57
37.2
27.31


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 0.98 0.22
19.27
0.0005

Replication
2 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.8292

Variety (A)
2 2.88
1.44

124.02**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
0.14
0.02
0.96*
0.0867

AXB
12
1.90
0.15
13.63*
0.0001

Error
40 0.46 0.01


Total
62
5.40

**-
highly
significant

CV=6.25%
*- significant

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

65 
 
Appendix Table 10. Dry matter production of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract (g). Second week after seed germination of snap bean.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 0.28
0.33
0.32
0.93
0.31
V1E2 0.27
0.00
0.29
0.56
0.18
V1E3 0.27
0.19
0.28
0.74
0.24
V1E4 0.30
0.20
0.19
0.69
0.23
V1E5
0.27
0.30
0.23
0.8
0.26
V1E6 0.24
0.26
0.25
1.62
0.54
V1E7 0.27
0.31
0.26
0.84
0.28












V2E1 0.16
0.04
0.16
0.36
0.12
V2E2 0.33
0.27
0.33
0.93
0.31
V2E3 0.31
0.00
0.00
0.31
0.10
V2E4 0.19
0.10
0.23
0.52
0.17
V2E5 0.10
0.29
0.23
0.62
0.20
V2E6 0.08
0.34
0.17
0.59
0.19
V2E7 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00












V3E1 0.26
0.33
0.37
0.96
0.32
V3E2 0.08
0.00
0.05
0.13
0.04
V3E3 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E4 0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E5 0.38
0.28
0.00
0.66
0.22
V3E6 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E7
0.00 0.10 1.00
1.10
0.36













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

66 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
0.31 0.12 0.32 0.75 0.25

E2
0.18 0.31 0.04 0.53 0.18

E3
0.24
0.10
0
0.34
0.11

E4
0.23
0.17
0
0.4
0.13

E5
0.26 0.20 0.22 0.68 0.23

E6
0.54
0.19
0
0.73
0.24

E7
0.28
0
36
0.64
0.21

TOTAL 2.04
1.09
0.94

MEAN 0.29
0.16
0.13


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 0.82 0.03 1.74 0.0627

Replication
2 0.02 0.01 0.55 0.5785

Variety (A)
2
0.15
0.07
3.68*
0.0341

Extract (B)
6
0.13
0.02
1.03ns 0.4212

AXB
12
0.51
0.04
0.97*
0.0540

Error
40
0.88


Total
62
0.61

ns-
not
significant


CV=0.61%
*- significant

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

67 
 
Appendix Table 11. Dry matter production of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract (g). Third week after seed germination of snap bean.




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 0.59
1.04
0.43
2.06
0.68
V1E2 0.47
0.71
0.36
1.54
0.51
V1E3 0.53
0.66
0.59
1.78
0.59
V1E4 0.63
0.06
0.62
1.31
0.43
V1E5
0.45
0.65
0.60
1.7
0.56
V1E6 0.21
0.28
0.52
0.01
0.33
V1E7 0.50
0.59
0.49
1.58
0.52












V2E1 0.51
0.51
0.42
1.44
0.48
V2E2 0.87
0.80
0.68
2.35
0.78
V2E3 0.06
0.20
0.00
0.26
0.08
V2E4 0.50
0.61
0.61
1.72
0.57
V2E5 0.30
0.35
0.31
0.96
0.32
V2E6 0.56
0.56
0.58
1.7
0.56
V2E7 0.67
0.91
0.70
2.28
0.76












V3E1 0.55
0.53
0.60
1.68
0.56
V3E2 0.53
0.97
0.27
1.77
0.59
V3E3 0.28
0.47
0.00
0.75
0.25
V3E4 0.61
0.42
0.10
0.51
0.50
V3E5 0.73
0.62
0.28
0.71
0.23
V3E6 0.16
0.55
0.00
0.89
0.29
V3E7
0.15 0.91 0.55
1.61
0.53













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

68 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
0.68 1.48 0.56 1.75 0.57

E2
0.51 0.78 0.59 1.88 0.63

E3
0.59 0.08 0.25 0.92 0.31

E4
0.43
0.57
0.50
1.5
0.5

E5
0.56 0.32 0.23 1.11 0.37

E6
0.33 0.56 0.29 1.18 0.39

E7
0.52
0.75
0.53
1.8
0.6

TOTAL 3.62
3.54
2.95

MEAN 0.52
0.51
0.42


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 2.14 0.09 2.85 0.0020

Replication
2 0.33 0.16 4.88 0.0127

Variety (A)
2 0.07
0.03
1.19ns 0.3136

Extract (B)
6 0.77
0.12
3.76*
0.0046

AXB
12 0.95 0.07
2.32*
0.0226

Error
40 1.37 0.03


Total
62
3.51

ns-
not
significant


CV=0.75%
*- significant

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

69 
 
Appendix Table 12. Dry matter production of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract (g). Fourth week after seed germination of snap bean.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 0.64
0.82
0.71
2.17
0.72
V1E2 0.67
0.72
0.77
0.16
0.72
V1E3 0.71
0.47
0.81
1.99
0.66
V1E4
0.66
0.30
0.84
1.8
0.6
V1E5
0.56
0.72
0.50
1.00
0.33
V1E6 0.03
0.29
0.68
1.27
0.42
V1E7 0.58
0.23
0.67
0.48
0.49












V2E1 0.48
0.61
0.38
1.42
0.49
V2E2
0.07
0.87
0.16
2.1
0.7
V2E3
0.38
0.28
0.54
1.2
0.4
V2E4 0.67
0.81
1.08
2.56
0.85
V2E5 0.20
0.52
0.80
0.52
0.50
V2E6 0.65
0.31
0.88
0.84
0.61
V2E7 0.79
1.31
0.78
2.88
0.96












V3E1 0.62
1.14
1.33
3.09
3.09
V3E2 0.00
0.48
0.22
0.7
0.7
V3E3 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E4 0.30
0.00
0.39
0.69
0.23
V3E5 0.82
0.63
1.00
2.45
0.81
V3E6 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E7
0.00 0.18 0.00
0.18
0.06













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

70 
 

TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
0.72 0.49 1.24 2.24 0.75

E2
0.72
0.7
0.23
1.65
0.55

E3
0.66 0.00 0.00 0.66 0.22

E4
0.06 0.85 0.23 1.68 0.56

E5
0.33 0.50 0.81 1.64 0.55

E6
0.42 0.61 0.00 1.03 0.34

E7
0.49 0.96 0.06 1.51 0.50

TOTAL 3.94
4.11
2.36

MEAN 0.56
0.59
0.34


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SV DF SS MS F PR>F






Treatment
22 0.01 0.01 6.34 0.001

Replication
2 0.01 0.01 5.11 0.0106

Variety (A)
2
0.01
0.01
9.67**
0.0004

Extract (B)
6
0.01
0.01
6.38**
0.0001

AXB
12
0.01
0.01
5.97**
0.0001

Error
40 0.01 0.01


Total
62
0.01

**-
highly
significant

CV=0.88%


Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

71 
 

Appendix Table 13. Weekly dry matter production of snap bean as affected by variety
and plant extract (g). Fifth week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 1.82
1.17
0.84
3.29
1.09
V1E2 0.98
0.29
1.30
2.57
0.85
V1E3 1.14
1.13
1.56
3.83
1.27
V1E4 0.01
0.92
1.15
2.08
0.69
V1E5
0.30
1.17
1.55
0.02
1.0
V1E6 1.80
1.56
1.10
4.46
1.48
V1E7
0.94
2.48
1.48
4.9
1.6












V2E1 1.34
1.54
1.66
4.54
1.51
V2E2 1.11
1.49
2.68
5.28
1.76
V2E3 0.74
0.84
1.30
2.88
0.96
V2E4 1.46
1.52
2.22
5.2
1.73
V2E5 1.12
1.16
1.63
3.91
1.30
V2E6 1.17
1.30
1.59
4.06
1.35
V2E7 2.65
2.38
2.48
7.42
2.47












V3E1
1.08
1.27
2.95
5.3
1.76
V3E2
1.48
1.45
1.77
4.7
0.12
V3E3 1.39
1.99
0.40
3.78
1.56
V3E4 1.59
1.42
1.17
4.18
1.26
V3E5 1.89
4.14
2.03
8.06
2.68
V3E6 1.73
2.38
1.52
5.63
1.87
V3E7
0.65 1.31 2.18
4.14
1.38

















Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

72 
 
TWO WAY TABLE


VARIETY


TREATMENT
1 2
TOTAL
3
MEAN






E1
1.09 1.51 1.76 4.36 1.45

E2
0.85 1.76 0.12 2.73 0.91

E3
1.27 0.96 1.56 3.76 1.26

E4
0.69 1.73 1.26 3.68 1.23

E5
1.0 1.30 2.68 4.98 1.66

E6
1.48
1.35
1.87
4.7
1.56

E7
1.6
2.47
1.38
5.45
1.82

TOTAL 7.98
11.08
10.63

MEAN 1.14
1.58
1.52


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 15.61 0.70 2.20
0.0151

Replication
2 1.77 0.88 2.75 0.0761

Variety (A)
2
3.24
1.62
5.02**
0.0113

Extract (B)
6
2.89
0.48
1.49ns 0.0205

AXB
12
7.69
0.64
1.98*
0.0524

Error
40 12.93 0.32


Total
62
28.55

**-
highly
significant

CV=38.17%
*- significant
ns- not significant
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

73 
 
Appendix Table 14. Weekly length of snap bean root as affected by variety and plant
extract (cm). Second week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
2
3







V1E1 17.46
13.46
11.16
42.08
14.02
V1E2
22.3
0.00
14.48
36.78
12.26
V1E3 18.92
9.28
16.98
45.18
15.06
V1E4
17.84
10.96
13.78
42.58
14.19
V1E5
21.74
6.68
16.2
44.26
14.87
V1E6
13.14
10.38
29.4
52.96
10.58
V1E7
19.96
8.88
14.76
43.6
14.53












V2E1 11.00
8.52
9.4
29.92
9.97
V2E2
19.92
48.2
0.00
67.12
23.37
V2E3
12.26
0.00
0.00
12.26
4.08
V2E4
14.66
0.00
9.36
24.02
8.00
V2E5
1.92
0.00
10.92
12.84
4.28
V2E6
14.64
10.02
9.52
34.18
11.39
V2E7
0.00
14.34
12.98
27.32
9.10












V3E1 11.04
7.8
32.08
32.08
10.69
V3E2 2.4

0.00
2.4
2.4
0.8
V3E3 0.00

0.00
1.6
1.6
0.5
V3E4
17.3
0.00
17.3
17.3
5.76
V3E5
12.92
8.76
30.6
30.6
10.2
V3E6
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E7
0.00
2.68
2.68
2.68
0.89













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

74 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
14.12 9.97 10.69 34.68 11.56

E2
12.26 23.37 0.8 35.71 11.90

E3
15.06 4.08 0.5 19.64 6.55

E4
14.19 8.00 5.76 27.95 9.32

E5
14.87 4.28 10.2 29.35 9.78

E6
10.58 11.39 0.00 21.97 7.32

E7
14.53 9.10 0.89 24.52 8.17

TOTAL 95.51
80.09

MEAN 13.64
11.44



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 1.36 0.06 2.68 0.0033

Replication
2 0.12 0.06 2.68 0.0809

Variety (A)
2
0.68
0.34
17.78**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6 0.11
0.01
0.57ns 0.5636

AXB
12 0.44 0.03
1.59ns 0.1338

Error
40 0.92 0.02


Total
62
2.29

**-
highly
significant

CV=12.19%
ns- not significant

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

75 
 

Appendix Table 15. Weekly length of snap bean root as affected by variety and plant
extract. Third week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
24.00
20.16
16.62
60.2
20.26
V1E2
29.53
24.58
9.4
63.51
21.17
V1E3
33.73 20.82 15.16
69.71
23.23
V1E4
18.8
27.36
21.02
67.18
22.39
V1E5
20.44
26.02
18.16
64.62
21.54
V1E6
9.58
16.00
12.28
37.86
12.62
V1E7
18.08
20.56
13.32
51.96
17.32












V2E1
12.58 17.78 11.16
41.52
13.84
V2E2
14.00
17.18
16.92
48.1
16.03
V2E3
3.94
1.5
0.00
5.44
1.81
V2E4
36.94
15.2
12.12
64.25
21.42
V2E5
11.76 14.88 10.46
37.28
12.42
V2E6
23.28
19.5
18.26
61.04
20.34
V2E7
25.74
20.8
12.94
59.48
19.82












V3E1
95.5
17.8
14.7
12.8
42.66
V3E2
14.12 16.6 16.64
47.36
15.78
V3E3
11.16
11.00
0.00
22.16
7.38
V3E4
16.52
20.32
6.4
43.24
14.41
V3E5
16.44
0.00
61.1
77.54
25.84
V3E6
6.16
7.82
0.00
8.98
2.99
V3E7
6.5 12.6 13.75
32.82
10.94












Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

76 
 

TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
1 2
TOTAL
3
MEAN






E1
20.26 13.84 42.66 76.76 25.59

E2
2.17 16.03 15.78 52.98 17.66

E3
23.23 1.81 7.38 32.98 10.81

E4
22.39 21.42 14.41 58.22 19.41

E5
21.54 12.42 25.84 59.8 19.93

E6
12.62 20.34 2.99 35.95 11.98

E7
17.32 19.82 10.94 48.08 16.02

TOTAL 138.53
105.68
120


MEAN 19.79
15.10
17.14


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 1.10 0.05 2.28 0.0117

Replication
2 0.11 0.05 2.55 0.0911

Variety (A)
2
0.13
0.06
3.08ns 0.0568

Extract (B)
6
0.32
0.05
1.45ns 0.0409

AXB
12
0.53
0.04
2.01ns 0.0496

Error
40 0.88 0.02


Total
62
1.98

ns-
not
significant
CV=10.59%
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

77 
 
Appendix Table 16. Weekly length of snap bean roots as affected by variety and plant
extract. Forth week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
20.34 17.98 15.02
53.34
17.78
V1E2
18.26
10.7
14.12
43.08
14.36
V1E3
21.92
8.8
14.38
45.1
15.03
V1E4
20.04 13.22 17.82
51.08
17.02
V1E5
17.54
19.42
15.7
52.66
17.55
V1E6
1.00
8.42
9.86
19.28
6.42
V1E7
23.88
16.86
20.96
61.7
20.56












V2E1
13.28
12.9
9.3
35.48
17.78
V2E2
15.7
15.46
13.04
44.2
14.36
V2E3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
15.03
V2E4
16.36
10.54 14.04
40.96
17.02
V2E5
9.58
15.44
9.62
34.64
17.55
V2E6
21.36
4.16
17.68
43.2
6.42
V2E7
13.34
11.88
9.82
35.04
20.56












V3E1
13.28
12.9
9.3
35.48
11.82
V3E2
15.7
15.46
13.04
44.2
14.73
V3E3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E4
16.36 10.54 14.04

40.96
13.56
V3E5
9.58
15.44
9.62
34.64
11.54
V3E6
21.36
4.16
17.68
43.2
14.4
V3E7
13.34 11.88

9.82
35.04
11.68













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

78 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
1 2
TOTAL
3
MEAN






E1
17.78 11.82 32.35 6.95 2065

E2
14.36 14.73 2.8 31.89 10.63

E3
15.03
0.00
0.00
15.03
5.01

E4
17.02
13.65
4.05
34.72
11.57

E5
17.55 11.54 13.46 42.55 14.18

E6
6.42
14.4
0.00
20.82
6.94

E7
20.56 11.68 0.9 31.14 11.04

TOTAL 108.72
77.82
53.56


MEAN
15.53
11.11
7.65



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22
1.19
0.08
10.55
0.0001

Replication
2
0.03
0.01
2.11
0.340

Variety (A)
2
0.51
0.25
31.24**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
0.64
0.10
13.03**
0.0001

AXB
12
0.72
0.06
7.26**
0.0001

Error
40 0.33 0.00


Total
62
2.24

**-
highly
significant

CV=7.03%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

79 
 
Appendix Table 17. Weekly length of snap bean roots as affected by variety and plant
extract. Fifth week after seed germination





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
24.44 19.48 20.68
64.60
21.53
V1E2
21.16 23.94 24.82
69.92
23.30
V1E3
25.62 29.34 21.38
76.34
25.44
V1E4
20.86 13.73 18.74
53.36
17.78
V1E5
21.86 25.54 19.26
66.66
22.22
V1E6
16.84 14.78 19.86
51.48
17.16
V1E7
17.64 21.26 23.58
62.48
20.82












V2E1
21.9
17.56
24.4
63.86
21.28
V2E2
20.7
21.54
23.12
65.36
21.78
V2E3
11.72 15.64 19.26
45.62
12.20
V2E4
18.94 33.68 13.40
66.02
22.00
V2E5
2.31
17.58
28.76
69.44
23.14
V2E6
22.04 18.82 31.34
72.16
24.05
V2E7
21.86
18.78
26.2
66.84
22.28












V3E1
86.2
18.74
23.62
128.26
42.85
V3E2
17.82 17.08 18.52


58.52
19.50
V3E3
18.52
14.94
2.98
54.12
18.04
V3E4
29.36 20.92 18.44


68.72
22.90
V3E5
20.08 17.54 19.38
59.5
19.82
V3E6
27.92 20.96 21.38


70.26
23.42
V3E7
8.78
19.74
23.76
52.28
17.42













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

80 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
21.53 21.28 42.85 85.66 28.55

E2
3.30
21.78
19.50
64.58
2.53

E3
24.44 12.20 18.04 55.68 20.89

E4
17.78 22.00 22.90 62.68 18.56

E5
22.22
23.4
19.82
65.45
21.82

E6
17.16 24.05 23.43 64.64 21.54

E7
20.82 22.28 17.42 60.52 20.17

TOTAL 148.25
146.99
163.97


MEAN 2.18
20.10
23.42


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 0.28 0.10 1.03 0.4525

Replication 2
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.9492

Variety (A)
2
0.00
0.00
0.17ns 0.8465

Extract (B)
6
0.08
0.01
1.09ns 0.0389

AXB
12
0.09
0.01
1.31ns 0.2520

Error
40 0.50 0.01


Total
62
0.79

ns-
not
significant
CV=7.61%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

81 
 
Appendix Table 18. Weekly number of secondary roots of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract. Second week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
10 16 10
36
12
V1E2
12
0
9
21
7
V1E3
32
9
10
51
17
V1E4
11 14 12
37
12
V1E5
96 16 11
37
12
V1E6
11
9
12
32
11
V1E7
10 8 10
37
12












V2E1
10 11 35
33
12
V2E2
12 11 32
32
11
V2E3
11
0
11
11
4
V2E4
10
0
20
20
7
V2E5
7
0
15
15
5
V2E6
9
12
34
34
11
V2E7
0
9
31
31
10












V3E1
13 25 15
53
18
V3E2
12
0
0
12
4
V3E3
0
0
13
3
1
V3E4
4
0
0
4
1
V3E5
12 11 14
37
12
V3E6
2
1
0
1
1
V3E7
0
9
0
2
1













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

82 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
12 12 18 42 14

E2
7
11
4
22
7

E3
17
4
1
22
7

E4
12
7
1
20
7

E5
12
5 12 29 10

E6
11
11
1
22
7

E7
12
10
1
23
8

TOTAL 83
60
38
MEAN
12
9
5



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22
103.24
4.69
2.26
0.0123

Replication 2
1.27
5.36
2.72
0.0783

Variety (A)
2
30.25
15.12
7.29*
0.0020

Extract (B)
6
21.62
3.60
1.74ns
0.1377

AXB
12
40.08
3.34
1.61ns
0.1282

Error
40
83.05




Total
62
186.29

*-
significant
CV=47.44%
ns-
not
significant


Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

83 
 
Appendix Table 19. Weekly number of secondary roots of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract. Third week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
14 15 17
46
15
V1E2
17 15 12
44
15
V1E3
14 17 15
46
15
V1E4
20 15 13
48
16
V1E5
17 14 16
42
14
V1E6
13 12 10
35
12
V1E7
10 20 10
40
13












V2E1
10
13
9
32
11
V2E2
11
22
8
50
17
V2E3
4
2
0
6
2
V2E4
13 14 16
44
15
V2E5
10 16 13
40
13
V2E6
16 14 18
48
15
V2E7
12 17 13
43
14












V3E1
11 18 11
40
13
V3E2
15 18 11
43
14
V3E3
9
16
0
24
8
V3E4
16
18
2
37
12
V3E5
14
0
13
27
9
V3E6
3
6
0
10
3
V3E7
10 12 10
32
11













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

84 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
1 2
TOTAL
3
MEAN






E1
15 11 13 39 13

E2
15 17 14 46 15

E3
15
2
8
25
8

E4
16 15 12 43 14

E5
14
13
9
6
12

E6
12
15
3
30
10

E7
13 14 11 38 13

TOTAL 100
87 70

MEAN 14
12
10


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 35.96 1.63 3.08
0.0010

Replication
2
3.97
1.98
3.75
0.0321

Variety (A)
2
7.17
1.50
6.76*
0.0030

Extract (B)
6
9.00
1.50
2.82*
0.0216

AXB
12
15.80
01.31
2.48*
0.0155

Error
40 21.21 0.53


Total
62
57.18

*-
significant
CV=21.18%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

85 
 
Appendix Table 20. Weekly number of secondary roots of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract. Forth week after seed germination





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
11
9
7
27
9
V1E2
11
9
11
31
10
V1E3
9
15
8
32
11
V1E4
10 12 10
32
11
V1E5
8
10
13
31
10
V1E6
1
17
9
27
9
V1E7
13 10 11
34
11












V2E1
16
9
6
31
10
V2E2
13 10 11
34
11
V2E3
0
2
1
3
1
V2E4
13 10 11
34
11
V2E5
9
10
12
31
10
V2E6
15
3
11
29
10
V2E7
12 15

8
35
12












V3E1 13
13
9
35
12
V3E2
0
7
4
11
4
V3E3
0
1
2
3
1
V3E4
3
0
4
7
2
V3E5 13
15
4
32
11
V3E6
0
2
2
4
1
V3E7
0
5
0
5
2













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

86 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
9
10
12
31
10

E2
10
11
4
25
8

E3
11
0
0
11
4

E4
11
11
2
24
4

E5
10 10 11 31 10

E6
9
10
0
19
6

E7
11
2
2
15
5

TOTAL 71
54
31

MEAN 10
8
4


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22
64.88
2.94
7.00
0.0001

Replication 2
0.50
0.25
0.60
0.5557

Variety (A)
2
22.80
11.40
27.07**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
19.57
3.26
7.75**
0.0014

AXB
12
21.99
1.83
4.35**
0.0002

Error
40
6.84
0.42



Total
62
81.72

**-
highly
significant

CV=32.55%

Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

87 
 
Appendix Table 21. Weekly number of secondary roots of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract. Fifth week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
15
7
11
33
11
V1E2
9
7
7
23
8
V1E3
8
18
19
45
15
V1E4
7
9
9
25
8
V1E5
8
9
9
26
9
V1E6
7
10
15
32
11
V1E7
9
10
9
28
9












V2E1
19
9
12
40
13
V2E2
21 14 22
57
19
V2E3
6
13
6
25
8
V2E4
9
12
13
34
11
V2E5
17 12 19
48
16
V2E6
17 12

9
38
13
V2E7
24 19 13
56
19












V3E1
7
28
10
45
15
V3E2
9
21
10
40
13
V3E3
14 18

2
34
11
V3E4
26
10
8
44
9
V3E5
9
10
9
28
6
V3E6
10 19 20
49
10
V3E7
5
12
19
36
12













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

88 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
11 13 15 39 13

E2
8
19
13
40
13

E3
15
8
11
34
11

E4
8
11
9
28
9

E5
9
16
6
31
10

E6
11 13 10 34 11

E7
9
9
12
40
13

TOTAL 71
89
76
MEAN 10
14
11

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 13.95 0.58 1.05
0.4329

Replication 2
0.53
0.26
0.48
0.6235

Variety (A)
2
3.35
1.67
3.00*
0.0613

Extract (B)
6
1.02
0.17
0.31ns
0.9304


AXB
12
8.03
0.66
1.20ns 0.3194

Error
40 22.39 0.55


Total
62
35.34

*-
significant

CV=21.23%
ns- not significant
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

89 
 
Appendix Table 22. Weekly number of roots nodules of snap bean as affected by variety
and plant extract. Second week after seed germination.






1 2 3







V1E1
1
12
12
25
8
V1E2
0
0
3
3
1
V1E3
1
0
5
6
2
V1E4
2
1
5
8
3
V1E5
6
2
3
11
4
V1E6
2
5
6
13
4
V1E7
10
7
5
22
7












V2E1
0
2
1
3
1
V2E2
3
3
0
6
3
V2E3
1
1
1
3
1
V2E4
0
1
2
3
1
V2E5
0
0
4
4
1
V2E6
4
4
6
14
5
V2E7
12
15
21
48
16












V3E1
32
6
13
51
17
V3E2
1
2
3
6
2
V3E3
0
1
2
3
1
V3E4
0
2
1
3
1
V3E5
26 10

4
40
13
V3E6
0
0
0
0
0
V3E7
0
1
0
1
0













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

90 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
8
0
17
25
8

E2
1
3
0
4
1

E3
2
0
0
2
1

E4
3
0
0
3
1

E5
4
1
13
18
6

E6
4
5
0
9
3

E7
7
16
0
23
8

TOTAL 29
25
30

MEAN 4
4
4


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 57.68 2.62 5.09
0.0001

Replication
2
0.72
0.36
0.70
0.5011

Variety (A)
2
20.02
2.85
5.54*
0.0072

Extract (B)
6
31.23
3.33
6.47**
0.0001

AXB
12
20.62
2.60
5.05**
0.0001

Error
40 78.31 0.51


Total
62
206.58

*-
significant

CV=44.59%
**- highly significant
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

91 
 
Appendix Table 23. Weekly number of root nodules of snap bean as affected by variety
and plant extract. Third week after seed emergence.




TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
20 25 17
62
21
V1E2
18 25 10
53
18
V1E3
25 30 18
73
24
V1E4
18 17 19
54
18
V1E5
16 18 22
56
19
V1E6
6
14
31
51
17
V1E7
18 23 14
55
18












V2E1
12 24 8
44
15
V2E2
36 30 26
92
31
V2E3
0
1
6
7
2
V2E4
12 15 21
48
16
V2E5
4
22
11
37
12
V2E6
23 17 20
60
20
V2E7
30 35 20
85
28












V3E1
32 33 22
87
29
V3E2
32 50

0
82
27
V3E3
12 23

0
35
12
V3E4
38 40

4
82
27
V3E5
40
0
38
78
26
V3E6
9
5
0
14
5
V3E7
3
21
12
36
12






 






Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

92 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
21 15 29 65 22

E2
18 31 27 76 25

E3
24
2
12
38
13

E4
18 16 27 61 20

E5
19 12 26 57 19

E6
17
20
5
42
14

E7
18 28 12 58 19

TOTAL 135 124 138


MEAN 19 18 20


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 70.89 3.22 1.58
0.1011

Replication
2
8.13
4.06
2.00
0.1485

Variety (A)
2
2.29
1.14
0.02ns 0.5726

Extract (B)
6
18.46
3.07
1.51ns 0.1986

AXB
12 41.99 3.49
1.72*
0.0985

Error
40 81.33 2.03


Total
62
152.23



*-
significant

CV=34.59%
ns- not significant
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

93 
 
Appendix Table 24. Weekly number of roots nodules of snap bean as affected by variety
and plant extract. Fourth week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
21 24 18
63
21
V1E2
14
9
15
38
13
V1E3
29 14 25
68
23
V1E4
12
0
20
32
11
V1E5
14 12 26
52
17
V1E6
0
1
16
17
6
V1E7
24 14 20
58
19












V2E1
20 17

2
39
13
V2E2
29 18 33
80
27
V2E3
0
1
2
3
1
V2E4
14 34 25
73
24
V2E5
5
7
33
45
15
V2E6
13
9
27
49
16
V2E7
0
34
16
50
17












V3E1
35 25 47
97
32
V3E2
0
8
4
12
4
V3E3
1
1
1
3
1
V3E4
10
0
17
27
9
V3E5
27 31 36
94
31
V3E6
0
0
3
3
1
V3E7
0
12
0
12
4













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

94 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
21 13 32 66 22

E2
13
27
4
44
15

E3
20
1
1
23
8

E4
11
24
9
44
15

E5
17 15 31 64 21

E6
6
16
1
22
7

E7
19
17
4
40
13

TOTAL 107
113
82

MEAN 16
16
11


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22
163.36
7.3
4.98
0.0001

Replication
2
7.12
3.56
2.39
0.1049

Variety (A)
2
12.96
3.56
4.34ns 0.0196

Extract (B)
6
54.09
9.10
6.04**
0.0001

AXB
12
89.46
7.45
24.99**
0.0001

Error
40
59.70
1.49



Total
62
223.39

**-
highly
significant

CV=36.03%
ns- not significant
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

95 
 
Appendix Table 25. Weekly number of roots nodules of snap bean as affected by variety
and plant extract. Fifth week after seed germination





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
29 15 41
85
28
V1E2
13 15 19
47
16
V1E3
17 31

5
53
18
V1E4
13 16 36
65
22
V1E5
12 11 57
80
27
V1E6
5
20
37
62
21
V1E7
11 17 46
74
25












V2E1
29 25 47
101
34
V2E2
58 28 32
118
39
V2E3
5
9
12
26
9
V2E4
30 48 45
123
41
V2E5
26 21 47


94
3
V2E6
23 28 29


80
27
V2E7
24 35 44
103
34












V3E1
19 57 25
101
34
V3E2
16 27 17


60
20
V3E3
24 43 28


95
32
V3E4
52 37 33
122
41
V3E5
15 52 38
105
35
V3E6
20 24 47


91
30
V3E7
3
38
25
66
22













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

96 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
28 34 34 96 32

E2
16 39 20 75 25

E3
18
9
32
59
20

E4
22 41 41 104 35

E5
27 31 35 93 31

E6
21 27 30 78 26

E7
25 34 22 81 27


TOTAL 157 215 214


MEAN 22 31 31


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 73.23 3.32 2.45
0.0067

Replication
2
17.36
8.68
6.40
0.0039

Variety (A)
2
9.10
4.50
3.32*
0.0464

Extract (B)
6
16.44
2.74
2.02ns 0.0856

AXB
12
30.41
2.53
1.87ns 0.0695

Error
40 54.30 1.35


Total
62
127.53

*-
significant

CV=22.94%
ns- not significant
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

97 
 
Appendix Table 26. Weekly fresh weight of roots nodules of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract. Fourth week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
0.33 0.72 0.13
1.18
0.39
V1E2
0.70 0.27 0.45
1.42
0.47
V1E3
0.19 0.11 0.23
0.53
0.17
V1E4
0.05 0.00 0.76
0.81
0.27
V1E5
0.08 0.18 0.21
0.47
0.15
V1E6
0.00
0.4
0.20
0.6
0.2
V1E7
0.41 0.24 0.44
1.09
0.36












V2E1
0.04 0.02 0.00
0.06
0.02
V2E2
0.14 0.00 0.09
0.23
0.07
V2E3
0.00 0.19 0.00
0.19
0.06
V2E4
0.12 0.10 0.20
0.42
0.14
V2E5
0.00 0.08 0.10
0.18
0.06
V2E6
0.32 0.13 0.63
0.08
0.36
V2E7
0.00 0.00 0.23
0.23
0.07












V3E1
0.31 0.49 0.49
1.29
0.43
V3E2
0.00
0.28
0.02
0.3
0.01
V3E3
0.08
0.04
0.03
0.15
0.05
V3E4
0.15
0.00
0.05
0.2
0.06
V3E5
0.29 0.59 0.15
1.03
0.34
V3E6
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E7
0.00 0.15 0.00
0.15
0.05













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

98 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
0.39 0.02 0.43 0.84 0.28

E2
0.47 0.07 0.01 0.55 0.18

E3
0.17 0.06 0.05 0.23 0.08

E4
0.27 0.14 0.06 0.47 0.16

E5
0.15 0.06 0.34 0.55 0.18

E6
0.2
0.36
0.00
0.56
0.19

E7
0.36 0.07 0.05 0.48 0.16

TOTAL 2.01
0.78
0.94

MEAN 0.29
0.11
0.13


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 1.45 0.06 2.40 0.0080

Replication
2 0.03 0.01 0.69 0.5105

Variety (A)
2 0.37
0.18

6.86*
0.0028

Extract (B)
6 0.20
0.03

1.21ns 0.3229

AXB
12 0.83 0.69

2.53*
0.0137

Error
40 0.12 0.02


Total
62
2.58

*-
significant

CV=0.69%
ns- not significant
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

99 
 
Appendix Table 27. Weekly dry weight of roots nodules of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract. Fourth week after seed germination).





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
0.04 0.10 0.37
0.51
0.17
V1E2
0.10 0.10 0.15
0.35
0.12
V1E3
0.01 0.05 0.08
0.14
0.05
V1E4
0.20 0.00 0.24
0.44
0.15
V1E5
0.10 0.07 0.54
0.62
0.21
V1E6
0.00 0.02 0.07
0.09
0.03
V1E7
0.16 0.11 0.19
0.46
0.15












V2E1
0.03 0.01 0.00
0.04
0.04
V2E2
0.08 0.00 0.05
0.13
0.13
V2E3
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00
0.00
V2E4
0.06 0.03 0.08
0.17
0.17
V2E5
0.01 0.01 0.10
0.13
0.13
V2E6
0.10 0.02 0.21
0.12
0.24
V2E7
0.00 0.06 0.10
0.16
0.16












V3E1
0.12 0.20 0.15
0.74
0.16
V3E2
0.00 0.12 0.01
0.13
0.04
V3E3
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E4
0.04 0.00 0.03
0.07
0.02
V3E5
0.07 0.23 0.07
0.37
0.12
V3E6
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00
0.00
V3E7
0.00 0.06 0.00
0.02
0.00















Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

100 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
0.7
0.04
0.16
0.37
0.12

E2
0.2 0.13 0.04 0.29 0.19

E3
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.02

E4
0.15
0.17
0.02
0.34
0.11

E5
0.21
0.13
0.12
0.46
0.15

E6
0.03
0.24
0.00
0.27
0.09

E7
0.15
0.16
0.00
0.31
0.10

TOTAL
0.88
0.87
0.34


MEAN
0.13
0.12
0.05



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 0.32 0.01 2.34 0.0094

Replication
2
0.05
0.02
4.11
0.0239

Variety (A)
2
0.08
0.04
7.05*
0.0024

Extract (B)
6
0.08
0.01
2.19ns 0.0645

AXB
12 0.10 0.00
1.34ns 0.2335

Error
40 0.25 0.00


Total
62
0.58

*-
significant

CV=0.33%
ns- not significant
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

101 
 
Appendix Table 28. Weekly fresh weight of roots nodules of snap bean as affected by
variety and plant extract. Fifth week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
0.41 0.83 0.60
1.84
0.61
V1E2
0.61 0.24 0.54
0.39
0.46
V1E3
0.61 0.38 0.46
1.45
0.48
V1E4
0.53 0.51 0.30
1.34
0.44
V1E5
0.33 0.32 1.01
1.66
0.55
V1E6
0.19 0.35 1.04
1.58
0.52
V1E7
0.71 0.34 0.53
1.58
0.52












V2E1
0.65 0.31 0.63
1.59
0.53
V2E2
0.50 0.52 0.37
1.39
0.46
V2E3
0.17 0.23 0.31
0.71
0.23
V2E4
0.40 0.82 0.77
1.99
0.66
V2E5
0.41 0.02 0.78
1.21
0.40
V2E6
0.52 0.46 0.61
1.59
0.53
V2E7
0.45 0.23 0.47
1.15
0.38












V3E1
0.74 1.38 0.41
2.53
0.84
V3E2
0.84 0.60 0.55
1.99
0.66
V3E3
0.31 0.81 1.19
2.31
0.77
V3E4
0.07 0.65 0.74
1.46
0.48
V3E5
0.39 0.08 0.74
1.21
0.40
V3E6
0.26 0.30 0.43
0.99
0.33
V3E7
0.22 0.48 0.71
1.41
0.47













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

102 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
0.16 0.53 0.84 1.98 0.66

E2
0.46 0.46 0.66 1.58 0.53

E3
0.48 0.23 0.77 1.48 0.49

E4
0.44 0.66 0.48 1.58 0.53

E5
0.55 0.40 0.40 1.35 0.45

E6
0.52 0.53 0.33 1.38 0.46

E7
0.52 0.38 0.47 1.37 0.46

TOTAL 3.58
3.19
3.95

MEAN 0.51
0.46
0.56


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 1.60 0.07 1.09 0.3918

Replication
2
0.41
0.20
3.8
0.0523

Variety (A)
2 0.12
0.06

0.89ns 0.4200

Extract (B)
6 0.28
0.04

0.72ns 0.6330

AXB
12 0.77 0.06

0.97ns 0.4958

Error
40 2.67 0.06


Total
62
4.28

ns-
not
significant

CV=1.03%
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

103 
 
Appendix Table 29. Weekly dry weight of roots nodules of snap bean as affected by
different plant extract. Fifth week after seed germination.





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
0.16 0.32 0.30
0.78
0.26
V1E2 0.21
0.13
0.2
0.54
0.18
V1E3
0.22 0.12 0.20
0.564
0.18
V1E4
0.16 0.15 0.30
0.61
0.20
V1E5
0.11 0.07 0.69
0.87
0.29
V1E6
0.07 0.11 0.27
0.45
0.15
V1E7
0.23 0.09 0.16
0.48
0.16












V2E1
0.18 0.11 0.16
0.45
0.15
V2E2
0.17 0.17 0.08
0.42
0.14
V2E3
0.03 0.88 0.09
1.00
0.33
V2E4
0.13 0.09 0.18
0.4
0.13
V2E5
0.19 0.17 0.25
0.53
0.17
V2E6
0.18 0.13 0.21
0.55
0.18
V2E7
0.12 0.18 0.15
0.45
0.15












V3E1
0.21 0.33 0.13
0.67
0.22
V3E2
0.24 0.16 0.16
0.56
0.18
V3E3
0.09 0.92 0.06
0.07
0.35
V3E4
0.22 0.24 0.21
0.57
0.19
V3E5
0.15 0.26 0.26
0.67
0.22
V3E6
0.29 0.10 0.13
0.52
0.17
V3E7
0.07 0.05 0.19
0.31
0.10













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

104 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
0.26 0.15 0.22 0.63 0.21

E2
0.18
0.14
0.18
0.5
0.17

E3
0.18 0.33 0.35 0.86 0.29

E4
0.20 0.13 0.19 0.56 0.17

E5
0.29 0.13 0.22 0.58 0.23

E6
0.15
0.18
0.17
0.5
0.17

E7
0.16 0.15 0.10 0.41 0.14

TOTAL 1.42
1.25
1.43

MEAN 0.20
0.18
0.20


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN OF
F VALUE
PR>F
OF
OF
SQUARE
SQUARE
VARIANCE FREEDOM






Treatment
22 0.13 0.01 0.44 0.9783

Replication
2 0.49 0.02 0.74 0.4838

Variety (A)
2
0.00
0.00
0.13ns 0.880

Extract (B)
6
0.14
0.02
0.75ns 0.6152

AXB
12
0.11
0.00
0.29ns 0.9880

Error
40 1.23 0.03


Total
62
1.55

ns-
not
significant

CV=0.74%
Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

---

105 
 
Appendix Table 30. Seedling growth of snap bean as affected by variety and plant
extract (cm).





TREATMENT
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1 2 3







V1E1
46.81 79.89 74.59
201.29
67.09
V1E2
78.50 75.25 78.99
232.74
77.58
V1E3
83.50 70.70 76.74
230.53
76.84
V1E4
63.84 68.85 69.49
202.18
67.39
V1E5
79.92 77.49 78.43
235.84
78.61
V1E6
17.13 14.90 15.22


47.25
15.75
V1E7
66.84 78.20 72.13
217.17
72.39












V2E1
17.07 16.52 16.56
50.15
16.71
V2E2
17.35 22.67 16.84
58.86
18.95
V2E3
09.24 10.40 11.38
31.02
10.34
V2E4
19.53 18.54 17.00
55.07
18.35
V2E5
22.72 15.84 17.45
56.00
18.66
V2E6
74.33 70.71 81.76

226.80
75.60
V2E7
21.28 21.74 18.54
61.60
20.52












V3E1
24.24 18.94 22.59
65.77
21.92
V3E2
19.61 20.62 20.46
60.69
20.23
V3E3
17.89 21.13

4.30
43.32
14.44
V3E4
20.48 20.62 19.52
60.62
20.20
V3E5
20.13 26.14 14.97
62.24
20.74
V3E6
22.85 19.76 21.00
63.61
21.20
V3E7
13.74 21.54 19.86
55.14
18.38













Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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106 
 
TWO WAY TABLE



VARIETY


TREATMENT
TOTAL
1 2 3
MEAN






E1
67.09 16.17 21.92 105.72 35.24

E2
77.58 18.95 20.23 116.76 38.92

E3
76.84 10.34 14.44 101.62 33.87

E4
67.39 18.35 20.20 105.94 35.31

E5
78.61 19.66 20.74 118.01 39.34

E6
15.75 75.60 21.20 112.55 37.52

E7
72.39 20.52 18.38 111.29 37.19

TOTAL 455.65
171.13
137.11


MEAN 65.09
24.45
19.59


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SV DF SS MS F PR>F






Treatment
22 43714.45
1987.02 67.57 0.0001

Replication
2
28.31
14.15
0.48
0.6215

Variety (A)
2
25704.54
12852.27
437.04**
0.0001

Extract (B)
6
217.43
36.23
1.23ns 0.3105

AXB
12
17764.6
1480.34
50.34**
0.0001

Error
40
1176.31
29.40



Total
62
44890.76



**-
highly
significant

CV=0.14.76%
ns- not significant







Effect Of Priming On The Germination Of Snap Bean
Using Different Plant Extracts / Kathleen C. Dizon. 2010

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Document Outline

• EFFECT OF PRIMING ON THE GERMINATION OF SNAP BEAN USING DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • ABSTRACT
  • TABLE OF CONTENTS
  • INTRODUCTION
  • REVIEW OF LITERATURE
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS
  • RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
  • SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • LITERATURE CITED
  • APPENDICES

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