BIBLIOGRAPHY LAGUITAO, MARIFEL O. APRIL, 2010....
BIBLIOGRAPHY
LAGUITAO, MARIFEL O. APRIL, 2010. Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance
Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative at Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet
Adviser: Evangeline B. Cungihan, MSc.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to identify the assistance provided by CDA-JICA in
Taba-ao- Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative, identify the impact of these assistances on the
socio-economic status of the members, and find out the benefits derived by the members
from the equipments provided by the CDA-JICA.
This study was conducted in Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet on January 2010. The
respondents were 70 members of the cooperative.
Majority of the respondents were of middle age, female, married, and had finished
elementary level. The assistance provided by CDA-JICA to the cooperative are the farm
guidance and the better living. Under the farm guidance they learned how to make
compost and farm tunneling which is an improvised green house. The better living
project had sub-project components; the baking and food processing, the catering service,
the community based health promotion project, and the participatory mass health
screening.
The impact of these assistances on the socio-economic status of the members
were as follows: most of the members developed their knowledge about cooperative,
developed their self-confidence and self-reliance, improved skills in livelihood activities
and improved managerial capabilities. Economically, they were able to send their
children to school and they were able to improve their house and finance their businesses
which increased their income.
The benefits derived by the members from the equipments were the following: the
tractor enable the farmers to till their field easier and faster with lower labor cost; the
tramline lessened their time of transporting their products; the rice mill reduced the time
and labor for pounding the rice; and the utensils helped the women in food processing
and establishing their business.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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INTRODUCTION
Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Importance of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Statement of the Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Objectives of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Scope and Delimitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Importance of Cooperatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
Impact Evaluation and Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
The Impact of Cooperatives
in Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
Socio-economic Impact Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Respondents of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Data Collected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Data Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Respondents’ Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
Sources of Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Number of Years as Members in
the Cooperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Assistance Provided by JICA to
the Cooperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Assistance Provided and Availed
by the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
Reasons of the Respondents for not Availing
the Assistance Provided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Impact of the Assistance to the Respondents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Social Impact of the Cooperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
Economic Impact of the Cooperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
Benefits Derived from the Equipments
Provided by CDA-JICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
APPENDIX
A. Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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INTRODUCTION
Rationale
In July 1971, Mr. Romualdo Talata of the Benguet Cooperative Development
Services (BECODES) introduced cooperative in Taba-ao, Kapangan. BECODES was a
private volunteer organization, which helped in the promotion, organization and
development of cooperatives in Benguet. It provided education and training to members
and officers for free. It was supported mostly by Asia foundation. Mr. Talata met with
Taba-ao Barrio Council headed by Mr. Toriano Oway and twelve other persons including
Mr. Benito Garcia, the principal of Taba-ao Elementary School. Mr. Garcia allowed the
use of the School’s Home Economic room as temporary office of the young cooperative.
These persons were convinced that cooperative would promote self-reliance, savings and
unity. They conducted a pre-membership seminar on August 1971. On September 1,
1971, with 51 initial members they organized the cooperative and name it as Taba-ao-
Cuba Credit Cooperative (TACU-CCU).
After attending three months seminar on cooperative in Mindanao in 1972, Mr.
Ebes and Mrs. Syria Mapanao campaigned for more members in the cooperative and at
the same time helped establish their cooperatives in Kapangan, Benguet. These
cooperatives were taken over by Samahang Nayon during the administration of President
Ferdinand Marcos. Not losing hope, the officers and members doubled their efforts to
reach the targeted membership of 250 in order to register with the Bureau of Agricultural
Cooperative Development (BCOD) and with the Department of Local Government
(DLG). On September 20, 1973, the cooperative was officially registered with BCOD
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and latter was confirmed by the Cooperative Development Authority on September 11,
1991.
After a share capital campaign in 1975, the operating capital increased so the
cooperative branched out a consumer store with a meager capital to start with. It only
sold basic commodities in a small space at the house of Mr. Oway which he offered for
free.
In 1981 the cooperative purchased a lot and constructed its own building, a two
storey building. To finance the building construction, members agreed to plow back their
patronage refund and dividends. The first floor of the building housed the consumers
section while the second floor housed the credit services. In 1989, they expanded the
building to address the growing number of members because they opened the
membership to barangay Bokloan, a neighboring barangay.
In 1991 the cooperative reached a million financial asset. It has earned the trust of
people and it became their depository bank in 1993. Its building was expanded to
accommodate the growing number of members. Membership also expanded to nearby
barangays like Cuba and Bokloan. On May 17, 1994, the cooperative’s by-laws was
amended and the name was changed to TABA-AO-CUBA MULTI-PURPOSE
COOPERATIVE (TACU-CUBA MPC).
The Northern Luzon Federation of Cooperatives and Development Center
(NORLU-CEDEC) had been assisting the cooperative on credit management and auditing
services that helped build up the confidence of the members. In spite of the presence of
the Rural Bank in the municipality, people are putting their money in the cooperative
instead of putting it in the bank. Membership increased and total asset of the cooperative
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increased also. It also became one of the pilot cooperative in the province of Benguet for
project assistance under the Cooperative Development Authority-Japan International
Cooperation Agency (CDA-JICA) technical cooperation. In this project the better living,
farm guidance, cooperative management, and marketing and purchasing were introduced
as additional services of the cooperative. This Project started in July 2000 and was
terminated in June 2005. The project was towards poverty alleviation and it aimed to
improve the income of the farmers.
TACU-CUBA MPC, among other recipients of the project, was the only
cooperative that succeeded in implementing this project.
Hence, the major concern of this study is to identify the impact of CDA – JICA
assistance projects in Taba - ao – Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative at Kapangan, Benguet.
Importance of the Study
The researcher aspired to conduct this study for the benefit of the researcher
herself, to the cooperative for further improvement of its networking strategies and the
aspiring officers of the cooperative to carry on.
Results could also be used as a reference for researchers who will be conducting
research of the same line of interest.
Statement of the Problem
This research seeked to answer the following questions:
1. What are the assistances provided by JICA projects in Taba - ao – Cuba
Multipurpose Cooperative?
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2. What are the impacts on these assistances in the socio-economic status of the
members?
3. What are the benefits derived by the members to the equipments provided?
Objectives of the Study
The study aimed the following:
1. To identify the assistances provided by JICA in Taba - ao – Cuba
Multipurpose Cooperative.
2. To identify the impact of these assistances in the socio-economic status of the
members.
3. To determine the benefits derived by the members from the equipments
provided.
Scope and Delimitation
This study focused on the identification of the assistances provided by JICA to
the cooperative, its impact on the socio - economic status of the members and the benefits
derived by the members from the equipments provided.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Importance of Cooperatives
Cooperatives are important to the economy. They serve as agents for the
promotion of economic development they promote production and stabilized the income
of the members. Today cooperative development is one of the approaches of government
and non – government agencies as channel for special programs such as credit and
marketing assistance that benefits a greater number of populace as stated by Lam – osen
(2002).
Abella (2001), as cited by Mangili (2004) reported that the complexity of the
society contributes to the inability of people to understand the projects and programs
being implemented. The inability of people to understand the benefits of the project will
result to the lost of interest and motivation to the people to participate. With this, it is
necessary to have committed agencies to work with the people, to assist them in order to
attain a high standard of community living. The government should establish productive
livelihood projects to be managed by the community people themselves to increase
employment that promotes self – help and our country as well. On the other hand, rural
and agricultural projects will be planned, organized and designated to promote
development of rural places in an attempt to promote living condition.
Impact Evaluation and Monitoring
Impact evaluation is the systematic identification of the effects positive or
negative, intended or not on individual households, institutions, and the environment
caused by a given development activity such as a program or project. Impact evaluation
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helps us better understand the extent to which activities reach the poor and magnitude of
their effects on people’s welfare. Impact evaluations can range from large scale sample
surveys in which project populations and control groups are compared before and after,
and possibly at several points during program intervention; to small-scale rapid
assessment and participatory appraisals where estimates of impact are obtained from
combining group interviews, key informants, case studies and available secondary data
(World Bank, 2007).
Participatory technology development projects, such as the Forages for
Smallholders Project and related projects in Southeast Asia, are giving increasing
attention to monitoring and evaluation (M&E). In particular, the adaptive nature of
technology development requires effective procedures for impact monitoring or on-going
evaluation to assess intermediate impacts and make appropriate adjustments in project
activities. This monitoring and evaluation is not just for external stakeholders such as
donor organizations and project managers — it can and should be of benefit to all
stakeholders, including farmers and field-level development workers. A more inclusive or
participatory approach to monitoring and evaluation is both more effective in providing
reliable information about project impacts and, if conducted well, can enhance the
understanding and capabilities of all participants. A major benefit is that farmers and field
workers gain a greater voice in determining the direction of technology development
processes of which they are the prime beneficiaries. In participatory monitoring and
evaluation the emphasis is on participation, learning, negotiation, and flexibility, rather
than the standardized and summative approach of more conventional monitoring and
evaluation (Cramb and Purcell, 2001).
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Participatory monitoring and evaluation looks first to the perceptions and
experience of project participants themselves to establish this comparative perspective,
rather than formal statistical comparisons using baseline surveys and non-project control
groups (Cramb and Purcell, 2001).
A participatory technology development project is a complex activity with effects
at many levels. These include the process of technology development itself and a range of
impacts arising from that process - immediate, intermediate, and long-term. Measures of
intermediate impact frequently have to be used as indicators of long-term development
outcomes (such as poverty alleviation). To ascertain the extent to which these effects are
actually impacts of the project it is necessary to have a basis for comparison, including a
comparison of the situation before and after the project and of the situation with and
without the project (given that changes also occur in the absence of project interventions)
(Cramb and Purcell, 2001).
The Impact of Cooperatives
in Development
Cooperatives, organized as business enterprises for the benefit of their
members, offer a model of enterprise that is particularly relevant in difficult
economic times and instances of market failures. As a self-help group, a cooperative
organization is widely accessible, especially for the impoverished and the marginalized.
Where private enterprise or government is weak, particularly in
remote rural areas, cooperatives enable local people to organize and improve their
conditions. Cooperatives promote and support entrepreneurial development, creating
productive employment, raising incomes and helping to reduce poverty while
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enhancing social inclusion, social protection and community-building. Thus, while
they directly benefit their members, they also offer positive externalities for the rest
of society and have a transformational impact on the economy.
Socio – economic Impact Analysis
Socio – economic impact analysis is designed to assist communities in making
decisions that promote long term sustainability, including economic prosperity, a healthy
community, and social well being. It is a proposed development may increase
employment in the community and create demand for more affordable settlement. Both
effects are easily quantifiable. Also of importance, however, are the perceptions of
community members about whether the proposed development is consistent with a
commitment to preserving the rural character of the community. Assessing community
perceptions about development requires the use of methods capable of revealing often
complex and unpredictable community values (Anonymous, 2007).
The socio – economic impact of a proposed development of a community may
actually begin the day the project is proposed. Changes in social structure and
interactions among community members may occur once the new development is
proposed to the community. In addition, real, measurable and often significant effects on
human environment can begin to take place as soon as there are changes in social or
economic conditions. From the time the earliest announcement of a pending policy
change or development project, attitudes toward the project are formed, interest groups
and other coalitions prepare strategies, speculations may lock up potentially important
properties, and politicians can maneuver for position (Anonymous, 2007).
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Cooperative also believes that social responsibility is included as one of the
principles, the concern for the community in which they operate. Cooperatives like other
enterprises have seen their operation significantly affected by external challenges in the
political and economic environment. This includes the impact of structural adjustments,
economic liberation as cited by Towang (2002).
The Better Living Project
According to Belino (2007), better living was adopted from the traditional
practices of the members of the Japanese Agricultural Cooperatives. The aim of this
project was to introduce some activities that would protect, stabilize and improve
members life by making them healthy and prosperous. To insure the success of the
project, CDA-JICA conducted a seminar on Home Bookkeeping to the members of the
cooperative with the assistance of NORLU and NORWESLU. They also provided skills
training on composting and food processing.
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METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
The study was conducted in Taba – ao, Kapangan, Benguet where Taba-ao –
Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative is located. The survey was conducted on December
2009- January 2010.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study were the manager and the members. The researcher
selected seventy (70) respondents randomly.
Data Collection
The data was collected through the use of a survey questionnaire and data sheet.
The researcher supervised the answering of the questionnaires to ensure that all questions
are answered properly.
Data Collected
The data collected were the assistances provided by JICA project in Taba-ao –
Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative and its impact to the socio – economic status of the
members, the benefits derived by the members from the equipments provided.
Data Analysis
The data collected was tabulated and analyzed using the appropriate statistical
tools and was interpreted in accordance with the objectives.
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Respondents’ Profile
The profile of the respondents is presented in Table 1. The profile included their
age, sex, civil status and educational attainment.
Age. Most (38.57%) of the respondents were between the age of 41-50 years old
followed by the age bracket of 51-60 years old with 21.43%. The age bracket of 31-40
years old had 18.57% while the age bracket of 61-70 years old was 21.43%. The least in
numbers of age bracket were the 71-80 years old and 21-30 years old with 5.71% each.
The finding shows that majority of the respondents were of middle age.
Sex. Majority (68.57%) of the respondents were female and only 31.43% were
male. According to the female respondents, their husband do not have time to attend the
cooperative’s activities because they are pre-occupied with the farm activities and other
businesses, thus they delegated to their wives the membership to the cooperative.
Civil status. Almost 63% of the respondents were married, 24.29% were still
single and 12.85% were already widowed. This indicates that all of the respondents have
families to support.
Educational attainment. The finding shows that all of the respondents had a
formal education. A greater proportion of the respondents (42.86%) reached elementary
level, 17.14% pursued a college degree while 7.14% finished a vocational course. There
were 32.86% that reached the secondary level.
Household income. The respondents’ earnings were measured yearly based on
their occupation. Most of the respondents (41.43%) had an annual income of P51, 000-
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P100, 000; 30% had P50, 000 and below, 18.57% had P101, 000-P150, 000, 7.14% had
P151, 000-P200, 000, and only 2.86% had more than P200, 000. This finding implies that
majority of the respondents had an annual income of less than P100, 000 considering that
most of them are farmers.
Table 1. Profile of the respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Age
71 – 80 4 5.71
61 – 70 7 10.00
51 – 60 15 21.43
41 – 50 27 38.57
31 – 40 13 18.57
21 – 30 4 5.71
TOTAL 70 100.00
Sex
Male 22 31.43
Female 48 68.57
TOTAL 70 100.00
Civil status
Single 17 24.29
Married 44 62.86
Widow 9 12.85
TOTAL 70 100.00
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Table 1 continued …
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Educational attainment
College 5 7.14
Vocational 12 17.14
Secondary 23 32.86
Elementary 30 42.86
TOTAL 70 100.00
Household income
P201, 000 and above 2 2.86
P151, 000 – P200, 000 5 7.14
P101, 000 – P150, 000 13 18.57
P51, 000 – P100, 000 29 41.43
P50, 000 and below 21 30.00
TOTAL 70 100.00
Sources of Income
Table 2 shows that the sources of income of the respondents were from vegetable
farming, animal raising, salaries as government employees, wages as skilled laborers,
business (sari-sari store and restaurant) and SSS pension.
There were 34.29% who derived their income from vegetable farming where 17
of them are farm operators and 7 were supplier-financier. There were 13 respondents who
get their income from wages as skilled laborers and animal rising, 10 respondents get
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Table 2. Sources of income of the respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Vegetable farming 24 34.29
Farm operator 17 70.83
Supply system 7 29.17
Animal raising 13 18.57
Salaries as government employees 8 11.43
Wages as skilled laborer 13 18.57
Business 10 14.28
Sari-sari store 8 80.00
Restaurant 2 20.00
SSS pension 2 2.86
TOTAL 70 100
their income from business operation. Eight of them were operating sari-sari store and
two were operating restaurants. There were eight respondents that receive salary monthly
as government employees and two respondents that receive their income through SSS
pension.
Number of Years as Members
in the Cooperative
Table 3 presents the number of years the respondents were members in the
cooperative. As found, 17.14% were members for 1-5 years, 40% for 6-10 years, 25.71%
for 11-15 years, 7.14% for 16-20 years and 10% for 21 years and above. The result shows
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Table 3. Number of years as members in the cooperative
NUMBER OF YEARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
1 – 5 12 17.14
6 – 10 28 40.00
11 – 15 18 25.71
16 – 20 5 7.14
21 and above 4 10.00
TOTAL 70 100
that most of the respondents have been a member for 15 years and below and very few
were members for more than 20 years.
Assistance Provided by JICA to
the Cooperative
Better living is one of the special projects of TACU-MPC sponsored by CDA-
JICA. The other one was the farm guidance where the farmer-members of the cooperative
were taught how to make compost and farm tunneling which is an improvised green
house. Under this project also were equipments donated by JICA to be used by the
farmers. The cooperative rent out these equipments to the farmers in the community. A
rice mill was also donated by JICA and the operation was managed by the cooperative
under the Farm Guidance adviser.
The better living project had sub-project components. These were the baking and
food processing; catering service, Community Based Health Promotion Project (CBHPP),
and the participatory Mass Health Screening (PMHS).
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Food processing and catering services. The food processing and catering services
were the only income-generating project of the Better living. The products produced
under the baking and food processing were chayote candy, oatmeal bar, pilipit, bukarilyo,
pastilles demani, buko pie, cheesecake, ginger tea, banana chips and pulvoron. These
products were sold in the consumer store of the cooperative and some were sold to sari-
sari stores in Kibungan. On the other hand, the catering service sells their services to
various organizations and the Local Government Unit and even private persons. The
project used to provide catering services during meetings, general assemblies, trainings
and seminars, workshop of TACU-MPC as well as meetings of local officials. They also
cater during weddings and reunions.
Community based health promotion program (CBHPP). One activity under this
program was the health insurance. Under this health insurance program, members of the
cooperative can register and pay Php20.00 membership fee and a monthly due to Php2.00
in order to avail of free Php300.00 worth of antibiotics within one year. The membership
fee is lifetime but the Php2.00 monthly due is mandatory for a member to avail of the free
antibiotics. They also teach schoolchildren to save through the alkansya. When the
alkansya of the children are full they deposit the amount in the cooperative. This is a way
of teaching the children about thrift but at the same time, it contributes to the capital
formation of the cooperative.
Participatory Mass health Screening. In this program, some doctors and other
project implementers were sent to SACU Central Hospital in Japan for an orientation and
training on the conduct of mass health screening. After their return they conducted, the
mass health screening in the community of Taba-ao, Cuba and Boklaoan. This was also
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participated by the Local Government Unit of Kapangan, and the Rural Health Unit of
Kapangan. Other units that provided the work force and equipment were the following:
Benguet Provincial Health Office, Benguet General Hospital, Kapangan Medicare
Community Hospital, Dennis Molintas Municipal Hospital, Atok Districk Hospital,
Kibungan RHU, Atok RHU, Sablan RHU, Itogon RHU, Bakun RHU, and La Trinidad
RHU as well as the nursing schools of various Universities in Baguio and La Trinidad.
In this activity, the people were thoroughly examined from head to toe. Those
found with illness were recommended for medication. However, the patient would have
to shoulder the expenses in the hospital or during the medication period. The role of the
project is only to detect illness at an early stage and recommend the person for
medication but no financial assistance was given.
Assistance Provided and Availed
by the Respondents
Table 4 shows the assistance availed by the respondents such as the, agricultural
guidance, and better-living activities.
Most (40.90%) of the respondents availed of the agricultural guidance followed
by 17.05% who availed the better-living activities. This reveals that most of the
respondents are engaged in agricultural production that’s why most of them attended and
availed the agricultural assistance provided by the cooperative.
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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18
Table 4. Assistance provided and availed by the respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Agricultural guidance 36 40.90
Better-living activities 15 17.05
* Multiple responses
Reasons of the Respondents for not
Availing the Assistance Provided
Table 5 shows the reasons of the respondents for not attending the assistance
provided by the cooperative. Most (47.82%) stated that they were not well informed
while some stated that they have no time to attend and they are busy with other works
such as tending their gardens and doing household chores with 26.09% each. This shows
that cooperation is lacking among the members, they tend to priorities other things.
Impact of the Assistance to
the Respondents
The impact of the assistance to the members were; improvement of the traditional
living, more ideas and knowledge, increase of capital for business operation and
improvement of economic status (Table 6). Most (47.37%) of the respondents stated that
they had more ideas and knowledge from the assistance provided. Following was the
27.37% of the respondents who stated that their was an increase their capital for the
operation of their business due to the loan assistance. 14.73% indicated that their
traditional living improved to a modernized one and the least was the 10.53% of tem who
indicated that their economic status improved. Results shows that with the assistance
provided, the respondents were able to improve their status to a better and improved one.
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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Table 5. Reasons of the respondents for not attending the assistance provided
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Lack of information 11 47.82
No time to attend 6 26.09
Busy (garden, household chores) 6 26.09
TOTAL 23 100
Table 6. Impact of the assistance to the respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Improve traditional living 14 14.73
Gives more ideas and knowledge 45 47.37
Increase capital for business operation 26 27.37
Improve economic status 10 10.53
* Multiple responses
Social Impact of the Cooperative
Table 7 shows the social activities/ program being conducted by the cooperative
and the contribution to the personal development of the respondents. The result shows
that the activities contributed a lot to the social status of the members.
Social activities/ programs. The social activities were as follows; general
assembly meeting, training and seminars, clean-up drive and Christmas program. Most
(45.59%) of the respondents attended the general assembly meeting followed by the
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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20
training and seminars with 30.15%, Christmas program activity by 14.70% and the least
attended was the clean-up drive with only 9.56%.
Contribution to the personal development. Most (37.86%) of the respondents has
developed their self-confidence and self-reliance followed by the improvement of
knowledge about cooperative with 33.57%. Twenty percent had improved their skills in
livelihood activities while 8.57% had improved their managerial capabilities. The result
shows that most of the respondents were able to improve their personalities.
Table 7. Social activities/ programs and contribution to personal development of the
respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Social activities/ programs
General assembly meeting 62 45.59
Training and seminars 41 30.15
Clean-up drive 13 9.56
Christmas program 20 14.70
Contribution to personal development
Development self-confidence and
self-reliance 53 37.86
Improved skill in livelihood activities 28 20.00
Improved managerial capabilities 12 8.57
Improved knowledge about cooperative 47 33.57
* Multiple responses
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21
Economic Impact of the Cooperative
Table 8 shows the economic assistance provided by the cooperative, and the
indicators of economic progress among the members.
Economic assistance. The cooperative provided financial assistance through
releasing of loans, interest on share capital and patronage refund.
Indicators of progress. Most (51.19%) of the respondents indicated that they were
able to send their children to school followed by 22.62% who were able to improve their
house, 9.52% were able to purchase agricultural land while 21.38% had increased
income. The finding shows that the loans provided by the cooperative had contributed a
lot to the improvement of the economic status of the respondents.
Table 8. Economic assistance and indicators of progress
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Economic assistance
Financial assistance 46 46.94
Interest on share capital and savings 20 20.41
Patronage refund 32 32.65
Indicators of progress
House improvement 19 22.62
Purchased appliances 12 14.29
Purchased agricultural land 8 9.52
Children sent to school 43 51.19
Increased income 2 2.38
* Multiple responses
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Benefits Derived from the Equipments
Provided by CDA-JICA
Table 9 shows the benefits derived by the respondents from the equipments
provided by the CDA-JICA to the cooperative. The equipments are as follows; tractor,
tramline, rice mill and the utensils for better-living.
From the tractor enabled the members to till their lands easier, faster and with
lower labor. For the tramline also benefited them a lot lesser time and expense for labor
and transportation from the farm to the road. Other equipments were rice mill wherein the
respondents mill their rice so they had a lesser time and labor pounding it. With the
utensils for the better-living project, some were able to put up a business on food
processing and baking. From this, some respondents had an increase in their income for
most of them engaged in small businesses with the aid of the equipments provided.
Table 9. Benefits derived from the equipments
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Tractor
Faster and easier tilling of the land 14 29.17
Lesser time of preparing the land 14 29.17
Faster in finishing the work 20 41.66
Tramline
Faster transportation of the product
from the farm to market road 36 50.00
Lesser time transportation 21 29.17
Lesser payment for labor 15 20.83
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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Table 9 continued…
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Utensils (Better-living)
Encourage people to engage in business 14 25.00
Faster processing of the food products 20 35.71
Increase income 8 14.29
Rice mill
Time for labor pounding is saved 10 100
* Multiple responses
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
at Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet / Marifel O. Lagitao. 2010
24
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
This study was conducted to identify the impact of CDA-JICA assistance project
in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative, identify the impact on these assistance on
the improvement of the socio-economic status of the members, determine the benefits
derived by the members from the equipments provided by the CDA-JICA.
This study was conducted in January 2010 with 70 registered members from Taba-
ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative as respondents. It was found that majority of the
members were female, with ages between 41-60 years old, mostly married and had an
income range of P100, 000 and below annually. Most of them had finished post
secondary education, majority were engaged in vegetable farming and some were
business owners. Most of them were members in the cooperative for less than fifteen
years.
The projects implemented by CDA-JICA were as follows; the farm guidance
project where the farmer-members of the cooperative were taught how to make compost
and farm tunneling which is improvised green house. The better living project had sub-
project components. These were the baking and food processing; catering service,
Community Based Health Promotion Project (CBHPP), and the Participatory Mass
Health Screening (PMHS).
The social activities implemented by the cooperative were general assembly
meeting, which was mostly attended by the members followed by training and seminars.
These activities contributed a lot to the improvement of the social status of the members
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
at Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet / Marifel O. Lagitao. 2010
25
such that most of them developed their knowledge about cooperative. The economic
assistance, the cooperative provided financial assistance to the members through loans.
With the loan they availed, they had a capital for their business, they were able to send
their children to school and buy the things they needed.
The members mentioned several benefits derived from the equipments. From the
tractor, they were able to till their lands easier, faster and with lower labor. For the
tramline, they had a lesser time and expenses for labor and transportation from the farm
to the road. Other equipment were rice mill wherein some members mill their rice so
they had a lesser time and for labor pounding it and the utensils for better living, they
were able to put up a business on food processing and baking.
Conclusions
Based on the finding of the study, the following conclusions were made:
1. Majority of the members were females, mostly married with age ranging 41-60
years old, finished elementary level old education, mostly engaged in agricultural
production and with an annual income of P100, 000 and below.
2. Majority of the respondents were able to improve their socio-economic status
with the activities conducted by the cooperative. In the social aspect, most of the
respondents were able to develop their self-confidence and self-reliance and were able to
learn more about cooperative. In the economic aspect, the respondents were able to send
their children to school, improve their house and buy some additional appliances.
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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26
Recommendations
In order to sustain the dynamism of the cooperative, the following
recommendations were formulated:
1. “Cooperation is the key to success”, this should be the main goal of each
member and officers in order for the cooperative to optimize its growth and
improvement.
2. Beneficiaries of the equipments provided by the JICA should maintain and
secure the equipments properly so it can be used for a longer period of time. Users of the
equipments should not overuse it because machines surrender too like people.
3. Increase awareness of the members on the importance of their full participation
to the programs and services of the cooperative.
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS. 2007. Socio – economic Impact. Retrieved November 30, 2009 from
http://www.lic.wisc.Edu/shapingdance/facilitation/all_resources/impacts/analysis
socio.htm.
BELINO, L.C. 2007. A documentation on the operation of the better-living special
project of Taba-ao- Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative. BS Thesis. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 8-11.
CRAMB. R. and T. PURCELL. 2001. How to Monitor and Evaluate Impacts of
Participatory Research Project: A Case Study of the Forages for Smallholders
Project. Retrieved December 5, 2009 from http://www.ciat.cgiar.org/asia/how-
to/WHOLE.PDF.
LAM – OSEN, G. T. 2002. An assessment of the Tabuk Multipurpose Cooperative in
Magsaysay, Tabuk Kalinga. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet. P. 6.
MANGILI, R. B. 2004. Livelihood project implemented by the Department of
Agriculture in Itogon Benguet: An assessment. BS Thesis. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 4.
TOWANG, R. P. 2002. Socio-economic contribution of Benguet Farmers Multipurpose
Cooperative to its members. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet. P. 7
WORLD BANK. 2007. Impact Evaluation. Retrieved November 30, 2009 from
http://www.worldbank.org/ieg/docs/world_bank_oed_impact_evaluations.pdf.
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
at Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet / Marifel O. Lagitao. 2010
28
APPENDIX A
Survey Questionnaire
Respondent No. _____
Date: _____________
A. Respondent’s Profile
1. Name: _______________________
2. Age: _____ 3. Sex: ( ) Female ( ) Male
4. Civil status: ( ) Single ( ) Married ( ) Separated ( ) Widow
5. Educational Attainment: (Please check)
( ) Elementary
( ) Secondary
( ) College
( ) Vocational
( ) Others, specify: _______________________
6. Number of years in cooperative membership: (Please Check)
( ) 1 – 5 years
( ) 6 – 10 years
( ) 11 – 15 years
( ) 16 – 20 years
( ) Others, specify: _______________________
7. Source of income: (Please check)
( ) Vegetable farming
( ) Animal raising
( ) Employment/ work
( ) Wages as skilled workers/ laborers
( ) Business
( ) Others, specify: _________________
8. Annual Income
· Total Farm Income
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29
Vegetable Production: ___________
Animal Rising: ________________
· Non – Farm Income: _______________
· Other sources of income, specify: ________________________
________________________
B. IMPACT OF CDA-JICA ASSISTED PROJECT
1. Did you join or attend the assistance provided by CDA-JICA?
( ) Yes
( ) No
2. If no, what are your reasons not attending the assistance provided?
( ) Lack of information
( ) No time to attend
( ) Busy (garden, household chores)
( ) Others, specify: ___________________
3. What is the assistance provided you avail?
( ) Agricultural guidance
( ) Better living activities
( ) Others, specify: ______________________________
4. Are you satisfied with the assistance that was implemented?
( ) Yes ( ) No, why ___________________________________
5. How does the assistance help you?
( ) Improve your traditional living
( ) Gives more ideas and knowledge
( ) Increase capital for business operation
( ) Improve your economic status
( ) Others, specify: ______________________________
C. SOCIO – ECONOMIC IMPACT OF COOPERATIVE TO MEMBERS
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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30
A. Social
1. What are the social activities/ programs of the cooperative that you had been?
Participating? (Please check)
( ) General assembly meeting
( ) Training and seminars
( ) Clean-up drive
( ) Christmas program
( ) Others, specify: _____________________
2. Do you consider these activities contribute in improving your social attitude? (Please
check)
( ) Yes
( ) No
3. If yes, what activities/ programs contributed to your personal development? (Please
check)
( ) General assembly meeting
( ) Training and seminars
( ) Clean-up drive
( ) Christmas program
( ) Others, specify: _____________________
4. How did it improve your social attitude? (Please check)
( ) Develop self-confidence and self reliance
( ) Improved skills in livelihood activities
( ) Improved managerial capabilities
( ) Improved knowledge about cooperative
( ) Others, specify: _____________________
B. Economic
1. What is the economic assistance you gained from being a member of the cooperative?
(Please check)
( ) Financial assistance
( ) Interest on share capital and savings
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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31
( ) Patronage refund
( ) Others, specify: ____________________
2. What are the indicators of progress through the help of cooperative in your present
condition? (Please check)
( ) House improvement
( ) Purchased appliances
( ) Purchased agricultural land ( ) Children/ household members sent to school
( ) Others, specify: ____________________
D. BENEFITS
1. What benefits did you derive from the following equipments provided?
a. Tractor
( ) Faster and easier tilling of the land ( ) Lesser time of preparing the land
( ) Others, specify: ___________________
b. Tramline
( ) Faster transportation of the product from the farm to the market road
( ) Lesser time of transportation
( ) Lesser payment for labor
( ) Others, specify: ___________________
c. Utensils (Better-living)
( ) Encourage people to engage in business
( ) Faster processing of the food products
( ) Increased income
( ) Others, specify: ___________________
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
at Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet / Marifel O. Lagitao. 2010
LAGUITAO, MARIFEL O. APRIL, 2010. Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance
Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative at Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet
Adviser: Evangeline B. Cungihan, MSc.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to identify the assistance provided by CDA-JICA in
Taba-ao- Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative, identify the impact of these assistances on the
socio-economic status of the members, and find out the benefits derived by the members
from the equipments provided by the CDA-JICA.
This study was conducted in Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet on January 2010. The
respondents were 70 members of the cooperative.
Majority of the respondents were of middle age, female, married, and had finished
elementary level. The assistance provided by CDA-JICA to the cooperative are the farm
guidance and the better living. Under the farm guidance they learned how to make
compost and farm tunneling which is an improvised green house. The better living
project had sub-project components; the baking and food processing, the catering service,
the community based health promotion project, and the participatory mass health
screening.
The impact of these assistances on the socio-economic status of the members
were as follows: most of the members developed their knowledge about cooperative,
developed their self-confidence and self-reliance, improved skills in livelihood activities
and improved managerial capabilities. Economically, they were able to send their
children to school and they were able to improve their house and finance their businesses
which increased their income.
The benefits derived by the members from the equipments were the following: the
tractor enable the farmers to till their field easier and faster with lower labor cost; the
tramline lessened their time of transporting their products; the rice mill reduced the time
and labor for pounding the rice; and the utensils helped the women in food processing
and establishing their business.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Abstract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
INTRODUCTION
Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Importance of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Statement of the Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Objectives of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Scope and Delimitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Importance of Cooperatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
Impact Evaluation and Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
The Impact of Cooperatives
in Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
Socio-economic Impact Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Respondents of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Data Collected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Data Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
iii
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Respondents’ Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
Sources of Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
Number of Years as Members in
the Cooperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Assistance Provided by JICA to
the Cooperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Assistance Provided and Availed
by the Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
Reasons of the Respondents for not Availing
the Assistance Provided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Impact of the Assistance to the Respondents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Social Impact of the Cooperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
Economic Impact of the Cooperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
Benefits Derived from the Equipments
Provided by CDA-JICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
APPENDIX
A. Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
iv
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
In July 1971, Mr. Romualdo Talata of the Benguet Cooperative Development
Services (BECODES) introduced cooperative in Taba-ao, Kapangan. BECODES was a
private volunteer organization, which helped in the promotion, organization and
development of cooperatives in Benguet. It provided education and training to members
and officers for free. It was supported mostly by Asia foundation. Mr. Talata met with
Taba-ao Barrio Council headed by Mr. Toriano Oway and twelve other persons including
Mr. Benito Garcia, the principal of Taba-ao Elementary School. Mr. Garcia allowed the
use of the School’s Home Economic room as temporary office of the young cooperative.
These persons were convinced that cooperative would promote self-reliance, savings and
unity. They conducted a pre-membership seminar on August 1971. On September 1,
1971, with 51 initial members they organized the cooperative and name it as Taba-ao-
Cuba Credit Cooperative (TACU-CCU).
After attending three months seminar on cooperative in Mindanao in 1972, Mr.
Ebes and Mrs. Syria Mapanao campaigned for more members in the cooperative and at
the same time helped establish their cooperatives in Kapangan, Benguet. These
cooperatives were taken over by Samahang Nayon during the administration of President
Ferdinand Marcos. Not losing hope, the officers and members doubled their efforts to
reach the targeted membership of 250 in order to register with the Bureau of Agricultural
Cooperative Development (BCOD) and with the Department of Local Government
(DLG). On September 20, 1973, the cooperative was officially registered with BCOD
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and latter was confirmed by the Cooperative Development Authority on September 11,
1991.
After a share capital campaign in 1975, the operating capital increased so the
cooperative branched out a consumer store with a meager capital to start with. It only
sold basic commodities in a small space at the house of Mr. Oway which he offered for
free.
In 1981 the cooperative purchased a lot and constructed its own building, a two
storey building. To finance the building construction, members agreed to plow back their
patronage refund and dividends. The first floor of the building housed the consumers
section while the second floor housed the credit services. In 1989, they expanded the
building to address the growing number of members because they opened the
membership to barangay Bokloan, a neighboring barangay.
In 1991 the cooperative reached a million financial asset. It has earned the trust of
people and it became their depository bank in 1993. Its building was expanded to
accommodate the growing number of members. Membership also expanded to nearby
barangays like Cuba and Bokloan. On May 17, 1994, the cooperative’s by-laws was
amended and the name was changed to TABA-AO-CUBA MULTI-PURPOSE
COOPERATIVE (TACU-CUBA MPC).
The Northern Luzon Federation of Cooperatives and Development Center
(NORLU-CEDEC) had been assisting the cooperative on credit management and auditing
services that helped build up the confidence of the members. In spite of the presence of
the Rural Bank in the municipality, people are putting their money in the cooperative
instead of putting it in the bank. Membership increased and total asset of the cooperative
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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increased also. It also became one of the pilot cooperative in the province of Benguet for
project assistance under the Cooperative Development Authority-Japan International
Cooperation Agency (CDA-JICA) technical cooperation. In this project the better living,
farm guidance, cooperative management, and marketing and purchasing were introduced
as additional services of the cooperative. This Project started in July 2000 and was
terminated in June 2005. The project was towards poverty alleviation and it aimed to
improve the income of the farmers.
TACU-CUBA MPC, among other recipients of the project, was the only
cooperative that succeeded in implementing this project.
Hence, the major concern of this study is to identify the impact of CDA – JICA
assistance projects in Taba - ao – Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative at Kapangan, Benguet.
Importance of the Study
The researcher aspired to conduct this study for the benefit of the researcher
herself, to the cooperative for further improvement of its networking strategies and the
aspiring officers of the cooperative to carry on.
Results could also be used as a reference for researchers who will be conducting
research of the same line of interest.
Statement of the Problem
This research seeked to answer the following questions:
1. What are the assistances provided by JICA projects in Taba - ao – Cuba
Multipurpose Cooperative?
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2. What are the impacts on these assistances in the socio-economic status of the
members?
3. What are the benefits derived by the members to the equipments provided?
Objectives of the Study
The study aimed the following:
1. To identify the assistances provided by JICA in Taba - ao – Cuba
Multipurpose Cooperative.
2. To identify the impact of these assistances in the socio-economic status of the
members.
3. To determine the benefits derived by the members from the equipments
provided.
Scope and Delimitation
This study focused on the identification of the assistances provided by JICA to
the cooperative, its impact on the socio - economic status of the members and the benefits
derived by the members from the equipments provided.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Importance of Cooperatives
Cooperatives are important to the economy. They serve as agents for the
promotion of economic development they promote production and stabilized the income
of the members. Today cooperative development is one of the approaches of government
and non – government agencies as channel for special programs such as credit and
marketing assistance that benefits a greater number of populace as stated by Lam – osen
(2002).
Abella (2001), as cited by Mangili (2004) reported that the complexity of the
society contributes to the inability of people to understand the projects and programs
being implemented. The inability of people to understand the benefits of the project will
result to the lost of interest and motivation to the people to participate. With this, it is
necessary to have committed agencies to work with the people, to assist them in order to
attain a high standard of community living. The government should establish productive
livelihood projects to be managed by the community people themselves to increase
employment that promotes self – help and our country as well. On the other hand, rural
and agricultural projects will be planned, organized and designated to promote
development of rural places in an attempt to promote living condition.
Impact Evaluation and Monitoring
Impact evaluation is the systematic identification of the effects positive or
negative, intended or not on individual households, institutions, and the environment
caused by a given development activity such as a program or project. Impact evaluation
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helps us better understand the extent to which activities reach the poor and magnitude of
their effects on people’s welfare. Impact evaluations can range from large scale sample
surveys in which project populations and control groups are compared before and after,
and possibly at several points during program intervention; to small-scale rapid
assessment and participatory appraisals where estimates of impact are obtained from
combining group interviews, key informants, case studies and available secondary data
(World Bank, 2007).
Participatory technology development projects, such as the Forages for
Smallholders Project and related projects in Southeast Asia, are giving increasing
attention to monitoring and evaluation (M&E). In particular, the adaptive nature of
technology development requires effective procedures for impact monitoring or on-going
evaluation to assess intermediate impacts and make appropriate adjustments in project
activities. This monitoring and evaluation is not just for external stakeholders such as
donor organizations and project managers — it can and should be of benefit to all
stakeholders, including farmers and field-level development workers. A more inclusive or
participatory approach to monitoring and evaluation is both more effective in providing
reliable information about project impacts and, if conducted well, can enhance the
understanding and capabilities of all participants. A major benefit is that farmers and field
workers gain a greater voice in determining the direction of technology development
processes of which they are the prime beneficiaries. In participatory monitoring and
evaluation the emphasis is on participation, learning, negotiation, and flexibility, rather
than the standardized and summative approach of more conventional monitoring and
evaluation (Cramb and Purcell, 2001).
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Participatory monitoring and evaluation looks first to the perceptions and
experience of project participants themselves to establish this comparative perspective,
rather than formal statistical comparisons using baseline surveys and non-project control
groups (Cramb and Purcell, 2001).
A participatory technology development project is a complex activity with effects
at many levels. These include the process of technology development itself and a range of
impacts arising from that process - immediate, intermediate, and long-term. Measures of
intermediate impact frequently have to be used as indicators of long-term development
outcomes (such as poverty alleviation). To ascertain the extent to which these effects are
actually impacts of the project it is necessary to have a basis for comparison, including a
comparison of the situation before and after the project and of the situation with and
without the project (given that changes also occur in the absence of project interventions)
(Cramb and Purcell, 2001).
The Impact of Cooperatives
in Development
Cooperatives, organized as business enterprises for the benefit of their
members, offer a model of enterprise that is particularly relevant in difficult
economic times and instances of market failures. As a self-help group, a cooperative
organization is widely accessible, especially for the impoverished and the marginalized.
Where private enterprise or government is weak, particularly in
remote rural areas, cooperatives enable local people to organize and improve their
conditions. Cooperatives promote and support entrepreneurial development, creating
productive employment, raising incomes and helping to reduce poverty while
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enhancing social inclusion, social protection and community-building. Thus, while
they directly benefit their members, they also offer positive externalities for the rest
of society and have a transformational impact on the economy.
Socio – economic Impact Analysis
Socio – economic impact analysis is designed to assist communities in making
decisions that promote long term sustainability, including economic prosperity, a healthy
community, and social well being. It is a proposed development may increase
employment in the community and create demand for more affordable settlement. Both
effects are easily quantifiable. Also of importance, however, are the perceptions of
community members about whether the proposed development is consistent with a
commitment to preserving the rural character of the community. Assessing community
perceptions about development requires the use of methods capable of revealing often
complex and unpredictable community values (Anonymous, 2007).
The socio – economic impact of a proposed development of a community may
actually begin the day the project is proposed. Changes in social structure and
interactions among community members may occur once the new development is
proposed to the community. In addition, real, measurable and often significant effects on
human environment can begin to take place as soon as there are changes in social or
economic conditions. From the time the earliest announcement of a pending policy
change or development project, attitudes toward the project are formed, interest groups
and other coalitions prepare strategies, speculations may lock up potentially important
properties, and politicians can maneuver for position (Anonymous, 2007).
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Cooperative also believes that social responsibility is included as one of the
principles, the concern for the community in which they operate. Cooperatives like other
enterprises have seen their operation significantly affected by external challenges in the
political and economic environment. This includes the impact of structural adjustments,
economic liberation as cited by Towang (2002).
The Better Living Project
According to Belino (2007), better living was adopted from the traditional
practices of the members of the Japanese Agricultural Cooperatives. The aim of this
project was to introduce some activities that would protect, stabilize and improve
members life by making them healthy and prosperous. To insure the success of the
project, CDA-JICA conducted a seminar on Home Bookkeeping to the members of the
cooperative with the assistance of NORLU and NORWESLU. They also provided skills
training on composting and food processing.
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METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
The study was conducted in Taba – ao, Kapangan, Benguet where Taba-ao –
Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative is located. The survey was conducted on December
2009- January 2010.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study were the manager and the members. The researcher
selected seventy (70) respondents randomly.
Data Collection
The data was collected through the use of a survey questionnaire and data sheet.
The researcher supervised the answering of the questionnaires to ensure that all questions
are answered properly.
Data Collected
The data collected were the assistances provided by JICA project in Taba-ao –
Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative and its impact to the socio – economic status of the
members, the benefits derived by the members from the equipments provided.
Data Analysis
The data collected was tabulated and analyzed using the appropriate statistical
tools and was interpreted in accordance with the objectives.
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Respondents’ Profile
The profile of the respondents is presented in Table 1. The profile included their
age, sex, civil status and educational attainment.
Age. Most (38.57%) of the respondents were between the age of 41-50 years old
followed by the age bracket of 51-60 years old with 21.43%. The age bracket of 31-40
years old had 18.57% while the age bracket of 61-70 years old was 21.43%. The least in
numbers of age bracket were the 71-80 years old and 21-30 years old with 5.71% each.
The finding shows that majority of the respondents were of middle age.
Sex. Majority (68.57%) of the respondents were female and only 31.43% were
male. According to the female respondents, their husband do not have time to attend the
cooperative’s activities because they are pre-occupied with the farm activities and other
businesses, thus they delegated to their wives the membership to the cooperative.
Civil status. Almost 63% of the respondents were married, 24.29% were still
single and 12.85% were already widowed. This indicates that all of the respondents have
families to support.
Educational attainment. The finding shows that all of the respondents had a
formal education. A greater proportion of the respondents (42.86%) reached elementary
level, 17.14% pursued a college degree while 7.14% finished a vocational course. There
were 32.86% that reached the secondary level.
Household income. The respondents’ earnings were measured yearly based on
their occupation. Most of the respondents (41.43%) had an annual income of P51, 000-
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P100, 000; 30% had P50, 000 and below, 18.57% had P101, 000-P150, 000, 7.14% had
P151, 000-P200, 000, and only 2.86% had more than P200, 000. This finding implies that
majority of the respondents had an annual income of less than P100, 000 considering that
most of them are farmers.
Table 1. Profile of the respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Age
71 – 80 4 5.71
61 – 70 7 10.00
51 – 60 15 21.43
41 – 50 27 38.57
31 – 40 13 18.57
21 – 30 4 5.71
TOTAL 70 100.00
Sex
Male 22 31.43
Female 48 68.57
TOTAL 70 100.00
Civil status
Single 17 24.29
Married 44 62.86
Widow 9 12.85
TOTAL 70 100.00
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Table 1 continued …
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Educational attainment
College 5 7.14
Vocational 12 17.14
Secondary 23 32.86
Elementary 30 42.86
TOTAL 70 100.00
Household income
P201, 000 and above 2 2.86
P151, 000 – P200, 000 5 7.14
P101, 000 – P150, 000 13 18.57
P51, 000 – P100, 000 29 41.43
P50, 000 and below 21 30.00
TOTAL 70 100.00
Sources of Income
Table 2 shows that the sources of income of the respondents were from vegetable
farming, animal raising, salaries as government employees, wages as skilled laborers,
business (sari-sari store and restaurant) and SSS pension.
There were 34.29% who derived their income from vegetable farming where 17
of them are farm operators and 7 were supplier-financier. There were 13 respondents who
get their income from wages as skilled laborers and animal rising, 10 respondents get
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Table 2. Sources of income of the respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Vegetable farming 24 34.29
Farm operator 17 70.83
Supply system 7 29.17
Animal raising 13 18.57
Salaries as government employees 8 11.43
Wages as skilled laborer 13 18.57
Business 10 14.28
Sari-sari store 8 80.00
Restaurant 2 20.00
SSS pension 2 2.86
TOTAL 70 100
their income from business operation. Eight of them were operating sari-sari store and
two were operating restaurants. There were eight respondents that receive salary monthly
as government employees and two respondents that receive their income through SSS
pension.
Number of Years as Members
in the Cooperative
Table 3 presents the number of years the respondents were members in the
cooperative. As found, 17.14% were members for 1-5 years, 40% for 6-10 years, 25.71%
for 11-15 years, 7.14% for 16-20 years and 10% for 21 years and above. The result shows
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Table 3. Number of years as members in the cooperative
NUMBER OF YEARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
1 – 5 12 17.14
6 – 10 28 40.00
11 – 15 18 25.71
16 – 20 5 7.14
21 and above 4 10.00
TOTAL 70 100
that most of the respondents have been a member for 15 years and below and very few
were members for more than 20 years.
Assistance Provided by JICA to
the Cooperative
Better living is one of the special projects of TACU-MPC sponsored by CDA-
JICA. The other one was the farm guidance where the farmer-members of the cooperative
were taught how to make compost and farm tunneling which is an improvised green
house. Under this project also were equipments donated by JICA to be used by the
farmers. The cooperative rent out these equipments to the farmers in the community. A
rice mill was also donated by JICA and the operation was managed by the cooperative
under the Farm Guidance adviser.
The better living project had sub-project components. These were the baking and
food processing; catering service, Community Based Health Promotion Project (CBHPP),
and the participatory Mass Health Screening (PMHS).
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Food processing and catering services. The food processing and catering services
were the only income-generating project of the Better living. The products produced
under the baking and food processing were chayote candy, oatmeal bar, pilipit, bukarilyo,
pastilles demani, buko pie, cheesecake, ginger tea, banana chips and pulvoron. These
products were sold in the consumer store of the cooperative and some were sold to sari-
sari stores in Kibungan. On the other hand, the catering service sells their services to
various organizations and the Local Government Unit and even private persons. The
project used to provide catering services during meetings, general assemblies, trainings
and seminars, workshop of TACU-MPC as well as meetings of local officials. They also
cater during weddings and reunions.
Community based health promotion program (CBHPP). One activity under this
program was the health insurance. Under this health insurance program, members of the
cooperative can register and pay Php20.00 membership fee and a monthly due to Php2.00
in order to avail of free Php300.00 worth of antibiotics within one year. The membership
fee is lifetime but the Php2.00 monthly due is mandatory for a member to avail of the free
antibiotics. They also teach schoolchildren to save through the alkansya. When the
alkansya of the children are full they deposit the amount in the cooperative. This is a way
of teaching the children about thrift but at the same time, it contributes to the capital
formation of the cooperative.
Participatory Mass health Screening. In this program, some doctors and other
project implementers were sent to SACU Central Hospital in Japan for an orientation and
training on the conduct of mass health screening. After their return they conducted, the
mass health screening in the community of Taba-ao, Cuba and Boklaoan. This was also
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participated by the Local Government Unit of Kapangan, and the Rural Health Unit of
Kapangan. Other units that provided the work force and equipment were the following:
Benguet Provincial Health Office, Benguet General Hospital, Kapangan Medicare
Community Hospital, Dennis Molintas Municipal Hospital, Atok Districk Hospital,
Kibungan RHU, Atok RHU, Sablan RHU, Itogon RHU, Bakun RHU, and La Trinidad
RHU as well as the nursing schools of various Universities in Baguio and La Trinidad.
In this activity, the people were thoroughly examined from head to toe. Those
found with illness were recommended for medication. However, the patient would have
to shoulder the expenses in the hospital or during the medication period. The role of the
project is only to detect illness at an early stage and recommend the person for
medication but no financial assistance was given.
Assistance Provided and Availed
by the Respondents
Table 4 shows the assistance availed by the respondents such as the, agricultural
guidance, and better-living activities.
Most (40.90%) of the respondents availed of the agricultural guidance followed
by 17.05% who availed the better-living activities. This reveals that most of the
respondents are engaged in agricultural production that’s why most of them attended and
availed the agricultural assistance provided by the cooperative.
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Table 4. Assistance provided and availed by the respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Agricultural guidance 36 40.90
Better-living activities 15 17.05
* Multiple responses
Reasons of the Respondents for not
Availing the Assistance Provided
Table 5 shows the reasons of the respondents for not attending the assistance
provided by the cooperative. Most (47.82%) stated that they were not well informed
while some stated that they have no time to attend and they are busy with other works
such as tending their gardens and doing household chores with 26.09% each. This shows
that cooperation is lacking among the members, they tend to priorities other things.
Impact of the Assistance to
the Respondents
The impact of the assistance to the members were; improvement of the traditional
living, more ideas and knowledge, increase of capital for business operation and
improvement of economic status (Table 6). Most (47.37%) of the respondents stated that
they had more ideas and knowledge from the assistance provided. Following was the
27.37% of the respondents who stated that their was an increase their capital for the
operation of their business due to the loan assistance. 14.73% indicated that their
traditional living improved to a modernized one and the least was the 10.53% of tem who
indicated that their economic status improved. Results shows that with the assistance
provided, the respondents were able to improve their status to a better and improved one.
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Table 5. Reasons of the respondents for not attending the assistance provided
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Lack of information 11 47.82
No time to attend 6 26.09
Busy (garden, household chores) 6 26.09
TOTAL 23 100
Table 6. Impact of the assistance to the respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Improve traditional living 14 14.73
Gives more ideas and knowledge 45 47.37
Increase capital for business operation 26 27.37
Improve economic status 10 10.53
* Multiple responses
Social Impact of the Cooperative
Table 7 shows the social activities/ program being conducted by the cooperative
and the contribution to the personal development of the respondents. The result shows
that the activities contributed a lot to the social status of the members.
Social activities/ programs. The social activities were as follows; general
assembly meeting, training and seminars, clean-up drive and Christmas program. Most
(45.59%) of the respondents attended the general assembly meeting followed by the
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training and seminars with 30.15%, Christmas program activity by 14.70% and the least
attended was the clean-up drive with only 9.56%.
Contribution to the personal development. Most (37.86%) of the respondents has
developed their self-confidence and self-reliance followed by the improvement of
knowledge about cooperative with 33.57%. Twenty percent had improved their skills in
livelihood activities while 8.57% had improved their managerial capabilities. The result
shows that most of the respondents were able to improve their personalities.
Table 7. Social activities/ programs and contribution to personal development of the
respondents
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Social activities/ programs
General assembly meeting 62 45.59
Training and seminars 41 30.15
Clean-up drive 13 9.56
Christmas program 20 14.70
Contribution to personal development
Development self-confidence and
self-reliance 53 37.86
Improved skill in livelihood activities 28 20.00
Improved managerial capabilities 12 8.57
Improved knowledge about cooperative 47 33.57
* Multiple responses
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Economic Impact of the Cooperative
Table 8 shows the economic assistance provided by the cooperative, and the
indicators of economic progress among the members.
Economic assistance. The cooperative provided financial assistance through
releasing of loans, interest on share capital and patronage refund.
Indicators of progress. Most (51.19%) of the respondents indicated that they were
able to send their children to school followed by 22.62% who were able to improve their
house, 9.52% were able to purchase agricultural land while 21.38% had increased
income. The finding shows that the loans provided by the cooperative had contributed a
lot to the improvement of the economic status of the respondents.
Table 8. Economic assistance and indicators of progress
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Economic assistance
Financial assistance 46 46.94
Interest on share capital and savings 20 20.41
Patronage refund 32 32.65
Indicators of progress
House improvement 19 22.62
Purchased appliances 12 14.29
Purchased agricultural land 8 9.52
Children sent to school 43 51.19
Increased income 2 2.38
* Multiple responses
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Benefits Derived from the Equipments
Provided by CDA-JICA
Table 9 shows the benefits derived by the respondents from the equipments
provided by the CDA-JICA to the cooperative. The equipments are as follows; tractor,
tramline, rice mill and the utensils for better-living.
From the tractor enabled the members to till their lands easier, faster and with
lower labor. For the tramline also benefited them a lot lesser time and expense for labor
and transportation from the farm to the road. Other equipments were rice mill wherein the
respondents mill their rice so they had a lesser time and labor pounding it. With the
utensils for the better-living project, some were able to put up a business on food
processing and baking. From this, some respondents had an increase in their income for
most of them engaged in small businesses with the aid of the equipments provided.
Table 9. Benefits derived from the equipments
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Tractor
Faster and easier tilling of the land 14 29.17
Lesser time of preparing the land 14 29.17
Faster in finishing the work 20 41.66
Tramline
Faster transportation of the product
from the farm to market road 36 50.00
Lesser time transportation 21 29.17
Lesser payment for labor 15 20.83
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Table 9 continued…
PARTICULARS
FREQUENCY*
PERCENTAGE
Utensils (Better-living)
Encourage people to engage in business 14 25.00
Faster processing of the food products 20 35.71
Increase income 8 14.29
Rice mill
Time for labor pounding is saved 10 100
* Multiple responses
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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
This study was conducted to identify the impact of CDA-JICA assistance project
in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative, identify the impact on these assistance on
the improvement of the socio-economic status of the members, determine the benefits
derived by the members from the equipments provided by the CDA-JICA.
This study was conducted in January 2010 with 70 registered members from Taba-
ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative as respondents. It was found that majority of the
members were female, with ages between 41-60 years old, mostly married and had an
income range of P100, 000 and below annually. Most of them had finished post
secondary education, majority were engaged in vegetable farming and some were
business owners. Most of them were members in the cooperative for less than fifteen
years.
The projects implemented by CDA-JICA were as follows; the farm guidance
project where the farmer-members of the cooperative were taught how to make compost
and farm tunneling which is improvised green house. The better living project had sub-
project components. These were the baking and food processing; catering service,
Community Based Health Promotion Project (CBHPP), and the Participatory Mass
Health Screening (PMHS).
The social activities implemented by the cooperative were general assembly
meeting, which was mostly attended by the members followed by training and seminars.
These activities contributed a lot to the improvement of the social status of the members
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such that most of them developed their knowledge about cooperative. The economic
assistance, the cooperative provided financial assistance to the members through loans.
With the loan they availed, they had a capital for their business, they were able to send
their children to school and buy the things they needed.
The members mentioned several benefits derived from the equipments. From the
tractor, they were able to till their lands easier, faster and with lower labor. For the
tramline, they had a lesser time and expenses for labor and transportation from the farm
to the road. Other equipment were rice mill wherein some members mill their rice so
they had a lesser time and for labor pounding it and the utensils for better living, they
were able to put up a business on food processing and baking.
Conclusions
Based on the finding of the study, the following conclusions were made:
1. Majority of the members were females, mostly married with age ranging 41-60
years old, finished elementary level old education, mostly engaged in agricultural
production and with an annual income of P100, 000 and below.
2. Majority of the respondents were able to improve their socio-economic status
with the activities conducted by the cooperative. In the social aspect, most of the
respondents were able to develop their self-confidence and self-reliance and were able to
learn more about cooperative. In the economic aspect, the respondents were able to send
their children to school, improve their house and buy some additional appliances.
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Recommendations
In order to sustain the dynamism of the cooperative, the following
recommendations were formulated:
1. “Cooperation is the key to success”, this should be the main goal of each
member and officers in order for the cooperative to optimize its growth and
improvement.
2. Beneficiaries of the equipments provided by the JICA should maintain and
secure the equipments properly so it can be used for a longer period of time. Users of the
equipments should not overuse it because machines surrender too like people.
3. Increase awareness of the members on the importance of their full participation
to the programs and services of the cooperative.
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS. 2007. Socio – economic Impact. Retrieved November 30, 2009 from
http://www.lic.wisc.Edu/shapingdance/facilitation/all_resources/impacts/analysis
socio.htm.
BELINO, L.C. 2007. A documentation on the operation of the better-living special
project of Taba-ao- Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative. BS Thesis. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 8-11.
CRAMB. R. and T. PURCELL. 2001. How to Monitor and Evaluate Impacts of
Participatory Research Project: A Case Study of the Forages for Smallholders
Project. Retrieved December 5, 2009 from http://www.ciat.cgiar.org/asia/how-
to/WHOLE.PDF.
LAM – OSEN, G. T. 2002. An assessment of the Tabuk Multipurpose Cooperative in
Magsaysay, Tabuk Kalinga. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet. P. 6.
MANGILI, R. B. 2004. Livelihood project implemented by the Department of
Agriculture in Itogon Benguet: An assessment. BS Thesis. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 4.
TOWANG, R. P. 2002. Socio-economic contribution of Benguet Farmers Multipurpose
Cooperative to its members. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet. P. 7
WORLD BANK. 2007. Impact Evaluation. Retrieved November 30, 2009 from
http://www.worldbank.org/ieg/docs/world_bank_oed_impact_evaluations.pdf.
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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28
APPENDIX A
Survey Questionnaire
Respondent No. _____
Date: _____________
A. Respondent’s Profile
1. Name: _______________________
2. Age: _____ 3. Sex: ( ) Female ( ) Male
4. Civil status: ( ) Single ( ) Married ( ) Separated ( ) Widow
5. Educational Attainment: (Please check)
( ) Elementary
( ) Secondary
( ) College
( ) Vocational
( ) Others, specify: _______________________
6. Number of years in cooperative membership: (Please Check)
( ) 1 – 5 years
( ) 6 – 10 years
( ) 11 – 15 years
( ) 16 – 20 years
( ) Others, specify: _______________________
7. Source of income: (Please check)
( ) Vegetable farming
( ) Animal raising
( ) Employment/ work
( ) Wages as skilled workers/ laborers
( ) Business
( ) Others, specify: _________________
8. Annual Income
· Total Farm Income
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Vegetable Production: ___________
Animal Rising: ________________
· Non – Farm Income: _______________
· Other sources of income, specify: ________________________
________________________
B. IMPACT OF CDA-JICA ASSISTED PROJECT
1. Did you join or attend the assistance provided by CDA-JICA?
( ) Yes
( ) No
2. If no, what are your reasons not attending the assistance provided?
( ) Lack of information
( ) No time to attend
( ) Busy (garden, household chores)
( ) Others, specify: ___________________
3. What is the assistance provided you avail?
( ) Agricultural guidance
( ) Better living activities
( ) Others, specify: ______________________________
4. Are you satisfied with the assistance that was implemented?
( ) Yes ( ) No, why ___________________________________
5. How does the assistance help you?
( ) Improve your traditional living
( ) Gives more ideas and knowledge
( ) Increase capital for business operation
( ) Improve your economic status
( ) Others, specify: ______________________________
C. SOCIO – ECONOMIC IMPACT OF COOPERATIVE TO MEMBERS
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A. Social
1. What are the social activities/ programs of the cooperative that you had been?
Participating? (Please check)
( ) General assembly meeting
( ) Training and seminars
( ) Clean-up drive
( ) Christmas program
( ) Others, specify: _____________________
2. Do you consider these activities contribute in improving your social attitude? (Please
check)
( ) Yes
( ) No
3. If yes, what activities/ programs contributed to your personal development? (Please
check)
( ) General assembly meeting
( ) Training and seminars
( ) Clean-up drive
( ) Christmas program
( ) Others, specify: _____________________
4. How did it improve your social attitude? (Please check)
( ) Develop self-confidence and self reliance
( ) Improved skills in livelihood activities
( ) Improved managerial capabilities
( ) Improved knowledge about cooperative
( ) Others, specify: _____________________
B. Economic
1. What is the economic assistance you gained from being a member of the cooperative?
(Please check)
( ) Financial assistance
( ) Interest on share capital and savings
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( ) Patronage refund
( ) Others, specify: ____________________
2. What are the indicators of progress through the help of cooperative in your present
condition? (Please check)
( ) House improvement
( ) Purchased appliances
( ) Purchased agricultural land ( ) Children/ household members sent to school
( ) Others, specify: ____________________
D. BENEFITS
1. What benefits did you derive from the following equipments provided?
a. Tractor
( ) Faster and easier tilling of the land ( ) Lesser time of preparing the land
( ) Others, specify: ___________________
b. Tramline
( ) Faster transportation of the product from the farm to the market road
( ) Lesser time of transportation
( ) Lesser payment for labor
( ) Others, specify: ___________________
c. Utensils (Better-living)
( ) Encourage people to engage in business
( ) Faster processing of the food products
( ) Increased income
( ) Others, specify: ___________________
Impact of CDA-JICA Assistance Project in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative
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Document Outline
- Impact of CDA-JICA AssistanceProject in Taba-ao-Cuba Multipurpose Cooperative at Taba-ao, Kapangan, Benguet
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- METHODOLOGY
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDIX