BIBLIOGRAPHY
CALPASE, BENIDO B. APRIL 2011. Relationship and Performance of Actors in
the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage. Benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet.
Adviser: Leopoldo N. Tagarino; MRSM (Agribusiness)
ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to identify the significant effect of relationship and
performance of chain actors in the spot market chain of cabbage as to trust, power,
communication, cooperation, commitment, relationship satisfaction, quality product,
flexibility, efficiency and responsiveness. Kruskal Wallis is used for the statistical
analysis in-order to determined significant relationship.
The study was conducted in limited production and marketing areas such La
Trinidad Trading Post, for primary markets( collection/assembly) secondary markets (for
distribution) commonly called (bagsakan) in Metro Manila such Balintawak, Nepa Q, an
others. The chain actor respondents were classified and segmented as producers forty six,
assembly thirty four, distributor fifty eight and retailer fifty five with the total of one
hundred ninety three. Majority of the respondents were high school graduate and mostly
belongs to Roman Catholic.
The result presents that not all of the chain actors are satisfied with the business
trading operation. However most of the respondents are satisfied with the satisfaction
derived from the product quality satisfaction and income received by them.

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As to the significant effect of relationship to performance of the chain actors most
of them depend on the quality of cabbage produced in the market. Significant number of
them build-up trust, cooperation and commitment relationship in producing/procuring the
product as well as on responding to the needs of the buyers. Almost all of the chain actors
were affected by the relationship satisfaction derived in their performance.
Based on the recommendations chain actors must establish or build-up
satisfactory relationship in order to have satisfactory business trading and to fulfill the
common goals. The government and non government organizations must assess and help
the chain actors in order to improve knowledge and strengthen the relationship of the
chain actors.

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1
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
In the field of agriculture, yield of fresh vegetable production highly depend in
many of informal moneylenders, limited access to capital, and natural occurrences in the
environment such as (climate change, bad weather/typhoons) may affect as well.
Fresh vegetables are characterized perishable. During the distribution n and
marketing, substantial losses are incurred which range from slight loss to total spoilage.
Losses may occur at any point in the marketing process, from harvest to distribution of
the commodity to the financial consumer. These losses are caused by physical damage
during handling and distribution; this due to the low construction of the roads,
psychological decay and water loss due to poor quality of packaging materials.
In the spot market; farmers are price takers where in (traders, assemblers,
wholesalers, truckers) dictates the price of fresh vegetables. Grading losses in the
marketing is shouldered by farmers due to perishability and spoilage of the product. In
some cases farmers bring the products to the market and sell it to their suppliers, others
may contact their “kailiyans” as t heir buyers, but most often the farmers sale their
product to traders that offers quit high price.
Eighty five percent of the vegetables supplied in National Capital Region come
from Benguet yet the farmers remain poor. Surveys and consultation with farmers show
that there is a serious problem in marketing and that a greater chunk of a peso income
derived from vegetable farming is shared by the traders/ key actors, putting farmers at
their mercy. Other factors may due to the absence of an efficient market network coupled
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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with the absence of communication facilities, market assistance centers, transportation,
and in adequate storage facilities and credit assistance to farmers.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Background of the Study
In the Philippines, losses incurred during shipping, storing and distributing of
commodities are extremely high. Scientific packing and refrigeration of fresh vegetable
have not been practiced widely despite of many factors which will help in the fast
deterioration of fresh vegetable like insects, bacteria, fungi and excessive heat and
mechanical injuries with either crush or infect fresh vegetable thereby reducing the
market price considering also the transportation facilities and road conditions especially
here in the CAR (Buena, 2004). Moreover relationship and performance of chain actors
were highly considered as the asset in determining the responsibility in doing the
business. Cabbage marketing system is composed of eight major types of participants
namely (1)cabbage producers;(2) input suppliers; (3) growers; (4)traders; (5) transporters;
(6) processors; (7) institutional buyers; (8) household consumers
(FRLD, 1995).
Supply Chain Management
In recent years, researchers recognized the relevance of supply chain management
for the agri-food sector (Fearne, 1998; Hobs and Young, 2000; Vorst, 2000) due to the
perishability of products and the need for quality controlled flows of products. This
means that the original good quality products can easily deteriorate as cause by the
careless actions along the supply chain.
People use different names for chains of activities and organization. When they
emphasize the operations, they refer to process; when they emphasized marketing, they
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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call it logistic channel; when they look at the value added, they call it value chain; when
they say how customer demands are satisfied and they call it demand chain. And when
emphasizing the movement and will use the general term of supply chain. A supply chain
consists of series of activities and organization that materials move through on their
journey from the initial supplier to final customer. In reality, organization does not work
from isolation, but each one acts as a supplier when it delivers the material to its
customers. Every product has its own unique supply chain and these can be both long and
complicated (Waters, 2003).
Supply chain means the process of planning, implementing and controlling
efficiently, cost effective flow and storage of raw materials, in-process inventory,
finished goods and related information from the point-of-origin to the point of final
consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements (Council of
Logistic Management, 1986). Supply chain is a dual flow of products and information. It
is a drive to meet the central needs of the consumer and it stresses the importance of the
relationships between participants in the marketing system. However, the tendency is
often focus solely on the immediate economic aspects when firms are building supply
chains (Champion and Fearne, 2001). Hongze Ma (2005) pointed out that the supply
chain is a network of organizations from suppliers with the purpose to improve the flow
of material and information. Dranbenstott (1999), discusses the increasing move towards
the development of supply chains and describes supply chain structures where all stages
of production, processing and distribution are bond together tightly to ensure reliable and
efficient delivery of high quality products.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
The research locations followed the geographic flow of fresh semi-temperate
vegetables from the major source (production) to the major market assembly and
collection, and the geographic distribution markets. However, the research coverage areas
are limited to selected production and marketing areas. Producers group - The farmers
was identified and interviewed at the trading post. The primary markets
(assembly/collection) were concentrated in La Trinidad. Secondary markets
(distribution) are the major vegetables trading centers (commonly called “bagsakan”)
in Metro Manila such as Balintawak, Marikina, and Pasig.
Respondents of the Study
Respondents of the study were the different chain actors involved in marketing of
cabbage in the spot markets. There were 193 actors involve in marketing of cabbage such
as 46 producers, 34 assemblers or collectors, 58 distributors and 55 retailers.
Data Gathering Procedure
For the research instrument that was used in the study was personal interview and
validation with the used of interview guide questionnaires.
Data Gathered
The data gathered were the relationship and performance of chain actors in the
spot market for cabbage. As to relationship trust, power, dependence, communication,
cooperation, commitment and relational satisfaction; performance efficiency, flexibility,
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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responsiveness and quality satisfaction. Also to look for the direct significant relationship
between the relationship and performance of the chain actors in the cabbage spot market.
Data Analysis
The data gathered was tabulated and analyzed using statistical tools such as
descriptive method analysis, like percentage and test statistics.
The data collected were tabulated in the excel program and analyzed with the
used of SPSS version 16 for the descriptive analysis, frequency count and percentage was
used while in the statistical test, Kruskal-Wallis was used.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Demographic Profile of the Respondents
The respondents are classified as to producers (farmers), assembly group are those
that perform assembling and selling, distribution group distributes cabbage either by
wholesaling or wholesaling-retailing or as trucker wholesaler and lastly the retailers are
those that sell in retail basis.
Demographic profile of the respondents is presented on Table 1; according to age,
gender, marital status, religion and educational background.
Age. This shows that in vegetable (cabbage) trading most of the respondents have
age ranging from 21-40 years old except on the retailer group where their age ranged
between 41-50 years old. Only few (5) respondents (Chain Actors) are 20 years old and
below and one is 61 years old and above.
Gender. This implies that majority of male respondents work as farmers 91%,
financier-assembler-wholesaler and trucker-wholesaler with 67% while majority female
respondents work as retailer 84%, wholesaler-retailer 67%, and wholesaler 60% however
8.7% of female work as farmer.
Marital status. Most of respondents were married except on the distribution
wherein 60% of wholesalers were single and 4% of retailers were separated and 2%
widow. Marital status does not matter in engaging in vegetable business.
Religion. On religious affiliation of the respondent, Catholic constituted the
largest number and only few belongs to Protestants and other religious denominations.
Shows that most of the respondent (chain actors) belongs to Christian community.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Table1. Demographic profile of respondents
PRODUCTION ASSEMBLY DISTRIBUTION
RETAILING
CHARACTERISTICS
F
A-W F-A-W T-W
W
W-R
R
N
% N
% N %
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
Age 20 and below
5
11 2
11 0
0
0
0
4
40
3
8
2
4
21-30
18
39 6
32 1
7
5
42
3
30 12
33
12
22
31-40
10
22 6
32 7 47
4
33
1
10 14
39
10
18
41-50
9
20 4
21 4 27
2
17
1
10
3
8
21
38
51-60
3
7 1
5 3 20
1
8
1
10
3
8
8
15
61 and above
1
2 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
2 4
TOTAL
46 100 19 100 15 100 12 100 10 100 36
100
55 100
Gender
Male
42
91 13
68 5 33
8
67
4
40 12
33
9
16
Female
4
9 6
32 10 67
4
33
6
60 24
67
46
84
TOTAL
46 100 19 100 15 100 12 100 10 100 36
100
55 100
Marital Status
Single
16
35 2
11 1
7
5
42
6
60 15
42
9
16
Married
30
65 17
89 13 87
7
58
4
40 20
56
43
78
Separated
0
0 0
0 1
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
4
Widow
0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
1
2
TOTAL
46 100 19 100 15 100 12 100 10 100 36
100
55 100
Religion
Catholic
33
72 14
74 11 73 12 100
9
90 23
64
45
82
Protestant
8
17 3
16 3 20
0
0
1
10
9
25
6
11
Others
5
11 2
11 1
7
0
0
0
0
4
11
4
7
TOTAL
46 100 19 100 15 100 12 100 10 100 36
100
55 100
Educational
Background
Elementary
13
28 1
5
2 13
2
17
1
10
4
11
10
18
High School
20
43 9 47
6 40
4
33
4
40 16
44
31
56
College
13
28 9 47
7 47
6
50
5
50 14
39
12
22
Vocational
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
6
2
4
TOTAL
46 100 19 100 15 100 12 100 10 100 36 100
55 100
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Educational Background. As presented on table 3, most of the respondents have
reached or have graduated high school and even college for some. Just of few them
finished or stepped elementary. Thus, it entails that majority of the market intermediaries
in the spot market who were interviewed are literate and have enough education.
Number of Years Engaged in Vegetable Business
Table 2 indicates the number of years the different respondents are engaged in
vegetable business. Among the different group of respondents, the result shows that most
of the farmers are engaged in farming business from 1-20 years. It was also shown that
majority of the respondents on assembly and distribution group have been doing business
in 1-15 years and few of them (assembly) 21-25years and (distribution) 21-25 years and

the rest. However most of the respondents on the retailing group have been engage in the
vegetable business in 1-10 years.
Table 2. Number of years engaged in vegetable business
Years
Production
Assembly
Distribution
Retailing
F
A-W
F-A-W
T-W
W
W-R
R
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%

Below1Yr.
0
0
1
5
0
0
0
0
1
10
0
0
2
4
1-5
17
37
9
47
4
27
4
33
6
60 32
89
17
31
6-10
6
13
5
26
2
13
3
25
3
30
4
11
9
16
11-15
6
13
3
16
7
47
4
33
0
0
0
0
5
9
16-20
9
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
20
21-25
2
4
1
5
2
13
1
8
0
0
0
0
2
4
26-30
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
15
31
and above
4
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
TOTAL
46 100 19 100 15 100
12 100 10
100 36 100
55
100
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Organizational Affiliations of Respondents
Represented in Table 3 are the different organizational affiliations of respondents.
This indicates whether they belong to a farmers’ association, cooperative, other
organization or none at all.
The table indicates, that most of farmers (89%) are not a member of any
organization and few of them are in cooperative and farmers’ association having 2%
each. In the assembly group, majority of them have not affiliated to any organization
which constitute by 74% and 53% as to assembler-wholesalers and financier-assembler-
wholesalers respectively. The rest of them are member of an organization such
cooperative or other organization.
Majority of the distribution group are not a member of any organization. Trucker-
wholesalers, have 42%, wholesalers of 70% and wholesaler-retailers of 69%. Some of the
trucker-wholesalers and wholesaler-retailers are member of other organization having
33% and 8% respectively.
Retailing group are mostly not engaged in an organization and only few of them
bothered to be in an organization or cooperative.
Although the result shows that most of the respondents in the different groups
have not affiliated to any organization since they do not consider the benefits derived
from the organization. There are still some who considered being a member of a
cooperative or any other organization.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Table 3. Organizational Affiliation of respondents

Production
Assembly
Distribution
Retailing
F
A-W
F-A-W
T-W
W
W-R
R
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
Farmer's
Association
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
20
0
0
0
0
Cooperatives
1
2
2
11
4
27
3
25
1
10
8
22
2
4
Others
3
7
3
16
3
20
4
33
0
0
3
8
5
9
None
41
89 14 74
8
53
5
42
7
70
25
69
48 87
TOTAL
46 100 19 100 15 100 12 100 10 100 36 100 55 100
Spot Market Chain for Cabbage
Figure 2 shows the different chain actors playing in the cabbage spot market. It
shows whom the different market intermediaries’ trade within the procurement and
selling of cabbage. This therefore shows the flow of cabbage in the spot market from its
point of production to the final consumer.
It was shown in the result that farmers have access to the different buyers in the
spot market. Farmers (F) can sell the produced cabbage with any of the buyers in La
Trinidad Trading Post (LTVTP) such as assembler-wholesalers (A-W), financier
assembler wholesalers (F-A-W), trucker wholesalers (T-W), wholesalers (W) and
wholesaler-retailers (W-R) and retailers (R). However some of them can access to buyers
on other selling place such Urdaneta and Balintawak.
Further the result shows that there are many spot market chain for cabbage such:
farmers to assembler-wholesalers, financier assembler wholesalers, trucker wholesalers,
wholesalers and wholesaler-retailers and retailers in La Trinidad Trading Post, implies
that chain actors can produce/ procure or sell cabbage with in La Trinidad Trading Post.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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F
F
PTC
LTVTP
A-W
F-A-W
A-W
F-A-W
LTVTP
LTVTP
BALINTAWAK
BALINTAWAK
A-W

F-A-W-R


PTC

LTVTP



T-W

T-W
BALINTAWAK
LTVTP

A-W

W
W
URDANETA, PANG.
BALINTAWAK
BALINTAWAK



F-A-W
W-R
W-R
URDANETA, PANG.
LTVTP
W
METRO MANILA


METRO MANILA


W-R
R
URDANETA, PANG.
LTVTP
R


METRO MANILA
W-R

METRO MANILA
CONSUMERS
URDANETA, PANG.
R
URDANETA, PANG.
CONSUMERS

LTVTP
CONSUMERS

METRO MANILA
LEGEND:


F (Farmer) A-W (Assembler-Wholesaler)
F-A-W (Financier- Assembler-Wholesaler)
F-A-W-R (Financier-Assembler-Wholesaler-Retailer)
T-W (Trucker-Wholesaler)
W (Wholesaler W-R (Wholesaler-Retailer)
R (Retailer)
LTVTP (La Trinidad Vegetable Trading Post) Metro Manila

PTC (Private Trading Center)

Balintawak

Urdaneta, Pangasinan


Figure 2. Spot market chain and location for cabbage
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage. Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO
B. CALPASE. 2011

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Moreover spot market chain for cabbage flows from farmers in LTVTP to A-W,
F-A-W, T-R, W, WR and R in Urdaneta Trading Post, shows that through these chain
actors cabbage are available to different selling place or spot market in the different
places.
T-W from LTVTP is supplied either by farmers and A-W from private and non
private. The procured cabbage is distributed by the T-W to W in Balintawak, W-R and R
in Urdaneta market.
Financier assembler wholesalers in LTVTP sell the procured cabbage to chain
actors T-W and W-R in LTVTP.
W-R in LTVTP directly buy/procure cabbage from A-W aside from farmers and
the sell to retailer and end users in the same place.
Other spot market chain for cabbage follow the flow from farmers from LTVTP
to assembler-wholesalers, trucker wholesalers and wholesalers in Balintawak, from
Balintawak chain actors wholesaler retailer and retailer procure or buy produced cabbage
that this chain actors will sale in Metro Manila.
F-A-W in Balintawak access or procure cabbage from farmers from LTVTP and
sell to T-W from this T-W in Balintawak. The T-W distributes it to W in Balintawak and
Metro Manila and to W-R as well.
The wholesaler-retailer in Metro Manila procures the cabbage form Balintawak
wholesaler and trucker wholesaler. Wholesaler-retailer sells the procured cabbage to
some wholesaler-retailer and retailers.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Relationship of Chain Actors
in the Spot Market
Relationship consists of firms that participate in organizational network and
share a strategic vision centered on the objective of creating value within the network.
Member firms remain independent, but trust one another and may more readily share
important information.
Trust. Table 4 shows the indicators of relationships in the spot market chain.
On the average, majority of the respondents moderately agree with the different
criteria of relational trust as confirmed in the findings of Schary and Skjott-Larsen,
(2001) that the capability to establish trust between the partners in a collaborative supply
chain becomes a crucial competitive parameter.
How ever the respondents were undecided as to confidently relying on buyer’s
promises, and information shared by the buyer for the reason that buyers sometimes don’t
fulfill what arrangement made such the volume, quantity that was being ordered price as
well.
Power. The table indicates that almost all of the respondents were undecided on
the criteria of relational power of chain actors that most of the time sometimes
respondents have the power as to choosing of buyers, trading negotiation, and controlling
market information.
Dependence. The state of relying someone or something for aid, support.
On the average, majority of the respondents were uncertain as to the criteria of
relational dependence. This implies that not often respondents are dependent from
buyer’s suggestions, information, quality classification as well as payment term, pricing
and market demand.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Table 4. Distribution of respondents according to relationship
STATEMENT
MEAN
Trust
1. I have much confidence to rely on the buyer’s promises (orders, payments,
pricing).
3.42
2. I am always honest dealing with the buyers of vegetables.
4.31
3. I should not hesitate to make important decisions based on buyer’s suggestions.
3.59
4. I always believe on the information shared by the buyer.
3.21
5. The buyer is fair in negotiating with me.
3.57
6. The buyer I deal with has a good reputation.
3.63
7. The buyer and I always consider the best interest in our business.
3.90
Power
1. I am flexible to choose buyers at any time
2.78
2 I always adhere to the buyer’s demand.
3.49
3. I have all the power in the trading negotiation.
3.10
4. Buyer has the best offer (price) relative to alternatives (other buyers).
3.00
5. Buyer often controls the market information (demand, price).
2.90
6. Buyer often acts opportunistically
3.26
Dependence
1 I (seller) depend on the quality classification, quantity and payment term of
vegetables by the buyer.
3.47
2. I depend much from the regular buyers of the vegetables I sold.
3.39
3. I depend on the price dictated by the buyer.
2.90
4. I always adhere to the seller’s demand.
3.19
5. I depend much from the market information provided by the buyers.
2.81
Legend: 1.39-2.06 -strongly disagree 2.75-3.43 -undecided 2.07-2.74- disagree
3.44-4.12 -moderately agree 4.13-5 -strongly agree
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Table 4. Continued…
STATEMENT
MEAN
Communication
1. I can directly dictate price.
3.21
2. I usually share production and marketing (volume. quality, price)
information to buyers.
3.30
3. As buyer, I use other people in sharing other information to farmers/sellers.
2.95
4. I always share information about production, procurement/marketing
targets to the buyer.
3.22
5. I share the production or marketing decisions I made with the buyer.
3.05
Cooperation
1. I work cooperatively with the buyer to improve our vegetable trading operation.
3.82
2. I usually buy good quality vegetables from suppliers and as needed by the buyer.
4.10
3. I build up buyer-seller relationships (alliances/partnership) with my colleagues.
3.82
4. I cooperate with other actors in pricing and quality determination of cabbage.
3.55
Commitment
1. I keep the promises I make with the buyer.
4.03
2. I make extra effort to meet the buyer’s demand requirement.
4.03
3. I invest large amount to produce/procure the vegetables.
3.62
4. I always continue trading with the buyer for a longer period of time.
4.12
Relational Satisfaction
1. Trading with the preferred buyer is less risky.
3.51
2. My trading relationship with the buyer is satisfactory.
3.88
3. I’m satisfied trading with the buyer for a longer time.
3.95
4. The buyer meets my expectations in trading with them.
3.72
5. The buyer treats me fairly and equitably.
3.59
6. I am adequately rewarded trading with the buyer.
3.64
7. I always have conflict/misunderstanding with the buyer.
2.95
8. The relational trust established with the buyers is very satisfying.
3.65
9. I am happy on the business alliances with the buyers.
3.74
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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As supported by Andaleeb (1996) that when a channel member control
resources that another channel needs, various power relations emerge that potentially
enable the party controlling those resources to exert some influence or power.
Communication. Formal as well as informal sharing of meaningful and timely
information between firms”
Based on the mean average, most of the respondents are doubtful as to the criteria
of communication which implies that in between respondents sometimes dictates price,
share information on production, marketing decisions and uses other people to
communicate for them as validated by Morgan and Hunt, (1994) that frequently and
timely communication is important because it assist in resolving conflicts and aligning
perceptions.
Cooperation. The situation which individual works together to achieve common
goals.
The mean average shows that most of the respondents moderately agree to
indicators of cooperation. This proves that most of the respondents established
cooperative relationship on doing the business to fulfill and improve their business
trading for the fulfillment of their common goal. This confirmed the definition of
Anderson and Narus, (1990) that cooperation refers to situations in which firms work
together to achieve mutual goals.
Commitment. Ability to fulfill what is due e.g. promises. On the average, most of
the respondents moderately agree to commitment to various undertakings like
negotiations to orders, quality, payment term, and price. In support, respondents signify
commitment to investment large amount of capital in order to meet requirements/demand.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
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Relational Satisfaction. Means extent to which the relational dimensions of the
partnership meet expectation.
The mean average shows that most of the respondents moderately agree on the
criteria on relational satisfaction. Both the sellers and buyers achieved relational
satisfaction as trading partners. Furthermore trading with the buyer working with each
other improves their business alliances and performance as well. As defined by Frazier
(1983) that satisfaction as a positive effective state resulting from an appraisal of all
aspects of a firms working relationship with another. Satisfaction is derived from the
result of a relational satisfaction means the extent to which the relational dimensions of
the partnership meet expectations.
However the respondents were not sure on the criteria that conflicts/
misunderstanding arise between them with the buyer for the reason that in vegetable
trading conflict/ misunderstanding is an avoided most especially on negotiation in terms
of pricing, quality classification, delivery period and payment term between the chain
actors.
Performances of Chain Actors
in the Spot Market
Performance measurement involves the development of goals and their related
measures, as well as the appropriate mechanisms of feedback. It must therefore reflect the
operating assumptions of the organization, in terms of culture, strategy and operational
processes. This requires the identification of the pressures, which the organization faces,
both internal and external, and should consequently lead to a set of action plans for
specific areas of organizations (Hines et al., 2000).
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
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Product quality satisfaction. Characteristic of a product or service that satisfies the
customer's wants and needs. Table 5 shows performance dimensions used in the spot
market.
Majority of the respondents agreed with the different criteria of performance on
product quality satisfaction. This indicates that the respondents meet the expectation on
the quality they buy and deliver to the buyers that satisfy the volume produce/ procured
to the buyer.
However, the respondents disagree selling cabbages to buyers on credit
arrangement. It shows that though the actors allow selling on credit arrangement, the
buyers may not comply with the negotiated arrangement made such that buyers are
delayed when paying (late payment), installment basis and sometimes no payment at all.
The result confirmed the findings of Carter and Ellram (1994) that supplier involvement
in product design has a positive impact on product quality.
Flexibility. Indicates the degree to which supply chain can respond to changing
environment and extraordinary customer service requests.
Table 5 indicates that the respondents agreed as to the different criteria of
performance flexibility except situation involving conflict with the buyers in the business
transaction. Shows that respondents exert effort to fulfill or produce desired volume and
quality that buyers wanted. In return buyers are flexible to buy cabbage regardless of
quantity and quality produced in the market.
However conflict among the chain actors is an unavoidable during business
transaction due to differences of behavior, and understanding.
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Efficiency. Measures how well the resources are utilized. This includes capital,
inputs for production/procurement inventory as well as net income. Table 5 presents the
efficiency performance of chain actors in the spot market chain for cabbage.
The respondents agreed with the different criteria to measure efficiency in the
performance of chain actors. The mean average indicates that respondents exert effort to
reduce the cost of production, produce/procure desired volume with achieving income
that is adequately rewarding and satisfaction with the rate of return on investment.
The finding supports Kaynak and Pagan (2003) findings that characteristics
internal to the firm such as top management commitment to purchasing and supply
management had a positive effect on production efficiency.
Responsiveness. Ability to respond request with a short period of time. It involves
the interaction between buyers and suppliers on issues related to product, payment and
information.
On the average, the respondents believed to agree their responsiveness to the
demand in the market particularly on finding solutions on the complaints/demand of the
buyers related to quality/quantity. However, the respondents are indecisive with the other
criteria like responsiveness in terms of supplying the market with the desired
quality/quantity and scheduling of deliveries to meet the time in the market and when
buyers needed it. Since there are times that the chain actors cannot really meet the desired
volume and quality of cabbage needed by the buyers in that certain period of time due to
some aspects such insufficient availability of cabbage in terms of volume, quality and
insufficient capital and poor infra structure such roads as well. This result implies that
there are times the respondents are not conforming as to the other criteria .
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
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The findings confirmed the definition of Salvador et al. (2001) that when buyers
and suppliers interact on issues related to material flows and quality, there are significant
effects in terms of speed and delivery punctuality.
Table 5. Performance of chain actors
STATEMENT
MEAN
Product quality
1. The quality of vegetables I produce/procure/sold meets my expectation.
3.89
2. The quality of vegetables delivered meets the buyer’s requirements.
3.73
3. I am satisfied with the volume I produce/procure or sold to the buyer
3.96
4. I always achieve my production/procurement/delivery targets
3.50
5 I am satisfied to fulfill the orders and deliveries of vegetables when needed
3.68
6 I am satisfied selling vegetables to buyers on credit arrangement.
2.75
7 The quality of vegetables I supplied in the market is reliable
3.95
8 The buyers are always satisfied as to variety of product, price, and
quality/quantity
3.77
Flexibility
1. I can procure the desired volume when buyers needed it.
3.59
2. I exert effort to produce the desired volume and quality when buyers demand
4.00
it.
3. The buyer is flexible to buy vegetables regardless of quantity and quality
3.74
4. The buyer and seller have little conflict in the business transaction.
3.35
Efficiency
1. I am happy to produce/procure the desired volume out of my limited
resources.
3.95
2. The income I received is adequately rewarding.
3.91
3. I exert effort to reduce the cost of production/procurement.
4.11
4. I am satisfied with the rate of return to my investment.
3.87
Responsiveness
1. I can supply the market with desired quality/quantity when needed.
3.36
2. I always schedule my deliveries to meet the time in the market.
3.29
3. I always find time to deliver vegetables when customers/market needs it.
3.37
4. I always act on the demand/complaints of buyers related to quality/quantity.
3.68
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Relationship and Performance
of Chain Actors
Indicates whether there are significant relationships between chain actors as to
relationship measurements to performance criteria measurements.
Trust to product quality. Table 6a shows trust as an indicator or determinant to
performance criteria measurements. Trust and product quality has a significant
relationship particularly on the production group that farmers have differed in terms of
trust to performance since some farmers are dealing with the buyers for long period of

time but others are particularly with the quality of cabbage produced. However trust is
not a factor to product quality with the other actors.
Table 6a. Trust to product quality
RESPONDENT
ASYMP. STD.
A
PPR
O
X
. APPROX.
GROUP
SYMMETRIC
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
Kendall's tau-b
0.331
0.126
2.475
0.013*
Gamma
0.470
0.166
2.475
0.013*
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.376
0.141
2.696
0.010
Pearson's R
0.409
0.124
2.969
0.005
N of Valid Cases
4
6.
000
Kendall's tau-b
0.184
0.148
1.235
0.217
Gamma
0.277
0.221
1.235
0.217
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.207
0.168
1.196
0.240
Pearson's R
0.161
0.174
0.922
0.364
N of Valid Cases
3
4.
000
Kendall's tau-b
0.162
0.131
1.233
0.217
Gamma
0.220
0.176
1.233
0.217
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.183
0.146
1.394
0.169
Pearson's R
0.231
0.164
1.775
0.081
N of Valid Cases

5
8.
000
Kendall's tau-b
0.069
0.140
0.495
0.620
Gamma
0.096
0.195
0.495
0.620
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.067
0.159
0.485
0.630
Pearson's R
-0.016
0.162
-0.113
0.910
N of Valid Cases 55.000
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Trust to flexibility. Table 6b shows the correlation of trust to flexibility performance
of chain actors.
Trust is not a determinant/indicator to flexibility of chain actors as to their
functions. The fluctuating flow of supply in the spot market chain is not affected by
relational trust of established between the sellers and buyers for the reason that they are

uncertain to the conditions of the environment which greatly affects the flow of the
supply chain.
Table 6b. Trust to flexibility
ASYMP.
RESPONDENT
SYMMETRIC
APPROX.
APPROX.
VALUE
STD.
GROUP
MEASURES
Tb
SIG.
ERRORa
Kendall's tau-b
0.112
0.137
0.809
0.419
Gamma
0.150
0.184
0.809
0.419
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.136
0.160
0.910
0.368
Pearson's R
0.172
0.151
1.159
0.253
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.145
0.164
0.883
0.377
Gamma
0.200
0.226
0.883
0.377
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.159
0.187
0.909
.370
Pearson's R
0.128
0.189
0.727
.472
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.065
0.126
0.520
0.603
Gamma
0.086
0.165
0.520
0.603
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.083
0.144
0.625
0.535
Pearson's R
0.062
0.147
0.461
0.646
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.050
0.116
-0.427
0.669
Gamma
-0.065
0.153
-0.427
0.669
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
-0.060
0.139
-0.439
0.663
Pearson's R
-0.069
0.133
-0.504
0.616
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Legend: significant*, highly significant**
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Trust to efficiency. Table 6c shows that trust as determinant/ indicator has no significant
effect to efficiency criteria of performance for actors in the spot market chain of cabbage
as proven by the different methods of measurement such Kendall’s tau-b and gamma.
The confidence of the producers to rely on buyers’ market information, orders, pricing
and payments do not affect the ability of this producers to produced and procure the
desired volume and quality of cabbage when needed.
Thus trust is not important indicator/determinant criteria in measuring flexibility

performance of chain actors in the spot market chain.
Table 6c. Trust to efficiency
RESPONDENT
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
VALUE
GROUP
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
Kendall's tau-b
-0.084
0.120
-0.699
0.484
Gamma
-0.119
0.168
-0.699
0.484
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.091
0.143
-0.603
0.549c
Pearson's R
-0.113
0.127
-0.757
0.453c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.052
0.176
-0.294
0.769
Gamma
-0.070
0.236
-0.294
0.769
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
-0.054
0.197
-0.305
0.762c
Pearson's R
-0.086
0.173
-0.487
0.630c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.137
0.121
1.112
0.266
Gamma
0.190
0.166
1.112
0.266
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.163
0.140
1.234
0.222c
Pearson's R
0.260
0.139
2.016
0.049c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.124
0.114
1.082
0.279
Gamma
0.172
0.158
1.082
0.279
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.153
0.133
1.128
0.264c
Pearson's R
0.091
0.145
0.667
0.508c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
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Trust to responsiveness. Table 6d shows that trust and responsiveness have no
significant relationship.
Trusts do not affect the responsiveness of chain actors as to their functions like
their availability to act on the needs of buyers. Furthermore expectation of both (seller
and buyer) to comply on the promises, payments and pricing arrangement made as well
as on time delivery will not influence directly their ability and capability of responding or
catering on the demand or needs of the market.
Results prove (Singh and Sirdeshmukh, (2000) study that trust becomes important
whenever there is a high level of performance ambiguity, and poor product. Performance

will have significant adverse impact on the value derived by the buyer.
Table 6d. Trust to relational satisfaction
RESPONDENT
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
VALUE
GROUP
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
Kendall's tau-b
-0.025
0.129
-0.196
0.844
Gamma
-0.035
0.177
-0.196
0.844
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.019
0.155
-0.123
0.903c
Pearson's R
-0.021
0.143
0.137
0.892c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.023
0.161
-0.143
0.886
Gamma
-0.033
0.232
-0.143
0.886
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
-0.025
0.182
-0.141
0.889c
Pearson's R
-0.063
0.154
-0.358
0.723c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.148
0.106
1.392
0.164
Gamma
0.197
0.140
1.392
0.164
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.176
0.126
1.334
0.188c
Pearson's R
0.179
0.117
1.363
0.178c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.084
0.118
-0.715
0.475
Gamma
-0.111
0.155
-0.715
0.475
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
-0.101
0.140
-0.737
0.464c
Pearson's R
-0.107
0.135
-0.786
0.435c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Power to product quality. Table 7a shows the correlation of power to product
quality satisfaction of chain actors in the spot market chain.
Power that binds some chain actors in vegetable trading business has no direct
significant effect on their ability to provide desired quality product as expected or needed
in the market.
On the other hand product quality as criteria used would not directly affect
relationship power established among the chain actors. As for, whatever the outcomes on
the quality of cabbage had no direct significant contributions on trading negotiation and
always adhering to buyers demand.
Table 7a. Power to product quality
RESPONDENT
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
VALUE
GROUP
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
Kendall's tau-b
-0.071
0.132
-0.536
0.592
Gamma
-0.098
0.183
-0.536
0.592
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.072
0.155
-0.478
0.635c
Pearson's R
-0.080
0.151
-0.532
0.598c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.274
0.154
1.752
0.080
Gamma
0.389
0.214
1.752
0.080
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.313
0.173
1.862
0.072c
Pearson's R
0.312
0.168
1.860
0.072c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.087
0.099
0.875
0.381
Gamma
0.118
0.134
0.875
0.381
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.105
0.121
0.789
0.434c
Pearson's R
0.103
0.114
0.774
0.442c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.102
0.128
0.802
0.423
Gamma
0.142
0.179
0.802
0.423
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.111
0.150
0.816
0.418c
Pearson's R
-0.020
0.164
-0.145
0.885c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
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Power to flexibility. This table explain that power have no significant relationship
on the flexibility of the chain actors in producing/ procuring cabbage.
Table 7b implies that influential relationship between some chain actors does not
significantly affect their ability to produce and procure the desired volume when buyers
needed in that period of time. In addition relationship power would not directly affect
their ability to make appropriate decisions in order to cater extraordinary customer
request and respond on the changing flow or fluctuating flow of cabbage supply chain in

the spot market, more over flexibility of the chain actors (buyers) to buy cabbage
regardless of quality and quantity was not also directly affected.
Table 7b. Power to flexibility
RESPONDENT
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
VALUE
GROUP
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
Kendall's tau-b
-0.018
0.126
-0.141
0.888
Gamma
-0.023
0.165
-0.141
0.888
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.014
0.154
-0.096
0.924c
Pearson's R
0.008
0.147
0.051
0.960c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.064
0.150
0.424
0.671
Gamma
0.084
0.197
0.424
0.671
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.073
0.177
0.413
0.682c
Pearson's R
0.079
0.170
0.448
0.657c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.061
0.109
0.556
0.578
Gamma
0.080
0.144
0.556
0.578
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.074
0.132
0.559
0.578c
Pearson's R
0.108
0.130
0.816
0.418c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.091
0.116
0.784
0.433
Gamma
0.119
0.152
0.784
0.433
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.109
0.140
0.798
0.429c
Pearson's R
0.084
0.143
0.616
0.541c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
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Power to efficiency. Table 7c shows the correlation between power and efficiency
of chain actors in the spot market chain.
Power is not important factor or indicator to flexibility performance. Negative and
positive effects of power do not directly affect the ability of chain actors to produce/
procure the desired volume/quality needed in the market. Furthermore the power of the
actors to control market information and trading negotiations, does not contribute to
efficiency of chain actors in using limited resources.
Thus power is not a determinant to efficiency performance of chain actors in the

spot market chain.
Table 7c. Power to efficiency
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.149
0.125
1.199
0.231
Gamma
0.195
0.162
1.199
0.231
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.176
0.149
1.187
0.242c
Pearson's R
0.174
0.130
1.174
0.247c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.135
0.150
0.902
0.367
Gamma
0.182
0.202
0.902
0.367
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.155
0.178
0.886
0.382c
Pearson's R
0.132
0.156
0.754
0.456c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.072
0.108
0.666
0.505
Gamma
0.100
0.148
0.666
0.505
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.074
0.130
0.556
0.580c
Pearson's R
0.113
0.112
0.854
0.397c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.070
0.108
0.650
0.516
Gamma
0.095
0.146
0.650
0.516
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.090
0.132
0.655
0.515c
Pearson's R
0.077
0.133
0.561
0.577c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Power to responsiveness. Table 7d presents that power and trust has no significant
relationship.
Power never influences the chain actors’ responsiveness on controlling the
market in terms of pricing, quality and quantity classification and market information. In
addition power do not significantly affect the way chain actors cater the needs of the
buyers such providing quality, quantity desired and on time delivery as well as to act on
buyers complains/demand regarding on the business transaction.
Thus power as criteria is not important determinant to responsiveness of chain
actors in the spot market chain.
Table 7d. Power and responsiveness
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.196
0.138
1.410
0.158
Gamma
0.254
0.178
1.410
0.158
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.219
0.161
1.488
0.144c
Pearson's R
0.246
0.155
1.684
0.099c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.123
0.175
0.701
0.483
Gamma
0.168
0.238
0.701
0.483
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.134
0.196
0.762
0.451c
Pearson's R
0.202
0.200
1.168
0.251c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.031
0.120
0.261
0.794
Gamma
0.040
0.154
0.261
0.794
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.026
0.143
0.193
0.848c
Pearson's R
-0.023
0.143
-0.174
0.863c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.103
0.114
0.907
0.364
Gamma
0.134
0.148
0.907
0.364
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.122
0.139
0.895
0.375c
Pearson's R
0.107
0.139
0.785
0.436c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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30
Dependence to product quality. Table 8a presents the relationship of dependence
to product quality satisfaction of chain actors in the spot market chain.
The table shows that dependence relationship and performance of actors have
direct significant relationship. Dependence is a significant indicator to product quality
satisfaction observed in production, distribution and retailing group. The buyers are
dependent on the quality and quantity produced in the market except assembly groups
where they have no pakialam.

Thus dependence is an important determinant to product quality satisfaction of
chain actors in the spot market chain.
Table 8a. Dependence and product quality
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.285
0.126
2.189
0.029*
Gamma
0.412
0.172
2.189
0.029*
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.319
0.140
2.231
0.031c
Pearson's R
0.299
0.131
2.076
0.044c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.264
0.143
1.807
0.071
Gamma
0.386
0.199
1.807
0.071
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.299
0.161
1.774
0.086c
Pearson's R
0.307
0.152
1.825
0.077c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.265
0.091
2.895
0.004**
Gamma
0.364
0.122
2.895
0.004**
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.319
0.109
2.52
0.015c
Pearson's R
0.285
0.095
2.223
0.030c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.243
0.118
2.049
0.040*
Gamma
0.333
0.159
2.049
0.040*
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.279
0.136
2.113
0.039c
Pearson's R
0.293
0.147
2.230
0.030c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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31
Dependence to flexibility. Table 8b presents the correlation of dependence to
flexibility performance of chain actors in the spot market chain.
Dependence as indicator is important factor in flexibility criteria on the
performance of chain actors particularly in the production group. Farmers are flexible to
meet or fulfill the buyer’s demand, flexible to find buyers that are fair in negotiating with
them in terms of price, quantity and mode of payment whether cash, installment or credit.
However on the assembly, distribution and retailing dependence is not important

indicators to flexibility. Where chain actors on this group do not really addressed the
expected needs of the buyers.
Table 8b. Dependence and flexibility
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.380
0.116
3.122
0.002**
Gamma
0.515
0.149
3.122
0.002**
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.445
0.132
3.209
0.002c
Pearson's R
0.046
0.115
3.299
0.002c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.187
0.144
1.288
0.198
Gamma
0.252
0.191
1.288
0.198
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.222
0.169
1.288
0.207c
Pearson's R
0.234
0.158
1.359
0.184c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.204
0.108
1.885
0.059
Gamma
0.265
0.137
1.885
0. 059
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.248
0.128
1.915
0.061c
Pearson's R
0.227
0.118
1.746
0.086c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.180
0.103
1.747
0.081
Gamma
0.230
0.132
1.747
0.081
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.222
0.128
1.654
0.104c
Pearson's R
0.185
0.124
1.373
0.176c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

32
Dependence to efficiency. Table 8c shows the relationship between dependence
and efficiency as indicator of relationship and performance for chain actors in the spot
market chain.
Dependence and efficiency has no direct relationship. Relationship dependence of
chain actors in their relationship does not directly affect their efficiency on how they
utilized the limited resources which includes production/procurement cost, income and
return of investment as well.
Thus dependence as determinant/ indicator is not important to efficiency
performance of chain actors in the spot market chain.
Table 8c. Dependence to efficiency
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX.
APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.179
0.125
1.427
0.154
Gamma
0.249
0.172
1.427
0.154
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.212
0.145
1.441
0.157c
Pearson's R
0.189
0.145
1.279
0.208c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.149
0.187
0.797
0.425
Gamma
0.195
0.246
0.797
0.425
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.163
0.209
0.933
0.358c
Pearson's R
0.030
0.224
0.168
0.867c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.114
0.118
0.964
0.335
Gamma
0.158
0.163
0.964
0.335
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.137
0.137
1.037
0.304c
Pearson's R
0.146
0.129
1.105
0.274c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.151
0.113
1.342
0.180
Gamma
0.202
0.150
1.342
0.180
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.181
0.133
1.342
0.185c
Pearson's R
0.155
0.151
1.140
0.259c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

33
Dependence to responsiveness. Table 8d shows the significant relationship of
dependence as indicator to responsiveness criteria used.
Dependence as indicator used is important to responsiveness performance of
chain actors as observed in production, assembly and retailing group. The responsiveness
of the chain actors to buyers needs in terms of quality/quantity depend on what is
available in the market except in distribution group that they can source out from other
producers in the market.

Thus dependence is important determinant/indicators to responsiveness of chain
actors in the spot market chain.
Table 8d. Dependence to responsiveness
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.371
0.106
3.306
0.001**
Gamma
0.513
0.135
3.306
0.001**
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.433
0.120
3.191
0.003c
Pearson's R
0.446
0.108
3.308
0.002c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.374
0.150
2.472
0.013*
Gamma
0.507
0.194
2.472
0.013*
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.425
0.166
2.653
0.012c
Pearson's R
0.408
0.140
2.530
0.017c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.184
0.110
1.662
0.097
Gamma
0.242
0.143
1.662
0.097
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.218
0.130
1.675
0.099c
Pearson's R
0.226
0.122
1.739
0.088c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.299
0.108
2.730
0.006**
Gamma
0.378
0.132
2.730
0.006**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.356
0.126
2.770
0.008c
Pearson's R
0.378
0.124
2.970
0.004c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

34
Communication to product quality. Table 9a presents the significant relationship
between communication and product quality satisfaction.
Communication is important indicator to attain product quality satisfaction.
When right information is shared via formal or informal ways such using text to
communicate regarding on the quality, quantity, and price needed in the market chain
actors would be able to know how much to produced, what time of delivery and how
much is the price in the market.
Thus communication is an important determinant to product quality satisfaction in
the spot market chain.
Table 9a. Communication to product quality
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
-0.035
0.147
-0.239
0.811
Gamma
-0.052
0.218
-0.239
0.811
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.039
0.166
-0.259
0.797c
Pearson's R
-0.023
0.173
-0.155
0.878c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.244
0.135
1.744
0.081
Gamma
0.372
0.196
1.744
0.081
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.277
0.151
1.632
0.113c
Pearson's R
0.270
0.141
1.584
0.123c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.349
0.106
3.214
0.001**
Gamma
0.478
0.138
3.214
0.001**
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.394
0.120
3.210
0.002c
Pearson's R
0.427
0.127
3.538
0.001c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.349
0.106
3.214
0.907
Gamma
0.244
0.135
1.744
0.907
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.372
0.196
1.744
0.944c
Pearson's R
0.277
0.151
1.632
0.895c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

35
Communication to flexibility. Table 9b shows the significant relationship between
communication and flexibility as indicator used.
Communication and flexibility really affects each other since through
communication the actors can readily change their strategy on marketing the product in
compasses to the changes such on price, quantity and quality of cabbage in order to cater
into the needs of the buyers. As defined by (Anderson and Narus, 1990:40) that

Communication is the formal as well as informal sharing of meaningful and timely
information between firms.
Table 9b. Communication to flexibility
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
-0.135
0.138
0.980
0.327
Gamma
-0.191
0.192
0.980
0.327
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.154
0.156
1.036
0.306c
Pearson's R
-0.164
0.160
1.103
0.276c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.212
0.146
1.437
0.151
Gamma
0.307
0.206
1.437
0.151
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.243
0.166
1.416
0.166c
Pearson's R
0.254
0.162
1.484
0.148c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.356
0.086
4.080
0.000**
Gamma
0.471
0.107
4.080
0.000**
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.426
0.102
3.527
0.001c
Pearson's R
0.419
0.189
3.454
0.001c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.218
0.107
2.045
0.041*
Gamma
0.286
0.140
2.045
0.041*
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.363
0.131
1.989
0.052c
Pearson's R
0.220
0.122
1.645
0.106c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

36
Communication to efficiency. Table 9c shows that communication has no
significant relationship with efficiency criteria used for relationship and performance.
Relationship communication of respondents such sharing information about the
market, price information, and quality/quantity demanded by the buyers have no direct
influence on their ability to utilize limited resources such production cost or capital,
inventory, income and return on investment.

Thus communication is not important indicator to efficiency criteria used for the
chain actors in the spot market chain.
Table 9c. Communication to efficiency
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
-0.172
0.126
-1.367
0.172
Gamma
-0.241
0.173
-1.367
0.172
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.196
0.145
-1.328
0.191c
Pearson's R
-0.186
0.148
-1.259
0.215c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.056
0.149
-0.374
0.709
Gamma
-0.081
0.217
-0.374
0.709
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
-0.067
0.172
-0.377
0.708c
Pearson's R
-0.019
0.152
-0.109
0.914c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.196
0.107
1.831
0.067
Gamma
0.278
0.148
1.831
0.067
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.229
0.125
1.763
0.083c
Pearson's R
0.216
0.123
1.652
0.104c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.052
0.117
0.443
0.658
Gamma
0.072
0.163
0.443
0.658
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.056
0.139
0.405
0.687c
Pearson's R
0.024
0.125
0.173
0.863c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

37
Communication to responsiveness. Table 9d presents the significant relationship
between communication and responsiveness of chain actors in the spot market chain.
Communication is an important determinant or indicator to responsiveness of
chain actors in the spot market chain. Thus communication helps on solving problem or
misunderstanding that arises between the chain actors. Through communication conflicts

can be minimized and easily access on information’s in the market regarding on quality
quantity needed, appropriate schedule of time for delivery to the buyers and price as well.
Table 9d. Communication to responsiveness
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.269
0.124
2.068
0.039*
Gamma
0.377
0.165
2.068
0.039*
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.309
0.141
2.155
0.037c
Pearson's R
0.421
0.134
3.076
0.004c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.347
0.148
2.242
0.025*
Gamma
0.508
0.200
2.242
0.025*
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.386
0.164
2.364
0.024c
Pearson's R
0.425
0.141
2.659
0.012c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.117
0.107
1.085
0.278
Gamma
0.154
0.141
1.085
0.278
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.144
0.130
1.090
0.281c
Pearson's R
0.149
0.124
1.129
0.264c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.273
0.103
2.643
0.008**
Gamma
0.345
0.127
2.643
0.008**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.321
0.124
2.465
0.017c
Pearson's R
0.315
0.116
2.419
0.019c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

38
Cooperation to product quality. Table 10a shows the direct relationship between
cooperation and product quality satisfaction in the spot market chain.
Significant relationship between cooperation and product quality satisfaction
particularly distribution and retailing group which entails that chain actors work together
that renounce to the production of quality, and quantity product. Such producing expected
quality/quantity product needed in the market maintain high relationship cooperation with

the respondents. However cooperation is not a factor to product quality satisfaction in the
production and assembly group.
Table 10a. Cooperation to product quality
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.193
0.117
1.600
0.110
Gamma
0.292
0.172
1.600
0.110
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.224
0.135
1.526
0.134c
Pearson's R
0.227
0.127
1.548
0.129c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.202
0.162
1.204
0.229
Gamma
0.310
0.240
1.204
0.229
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.228
0.178
1.325
0.195c
Pearson's R
0.334
0.166
2.003
0.054c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.341
0.096
3.450
0.001**
Gamma
0.475
0.125
3.450
0.001**
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.395
0.110
3.218
0.002c
Pearson's R
0.408
0.096
3.346
0.001c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.245
0.116
2.137
0.033*
Gamma
0.338
0.159
2.137
0.033*
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.283
0.133
2.152
0.036c
Pearson's R
0.183
0.146
1.353
0.182c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

39
Cooperation to flexibility. Table 10b presents highly significant relationship
between cooperation and flexibility as criteria used for relationship and performance of
chain actors in the spot market chain.
Highly significant at (.000) and (.001) in the relationship of cooperation and
flexibility of actors particularly production, distribution and retailing group. Chain actors
differs in terms of flexibility since some of them exert effort to produce what is needed,
and chain actors particularly buyers differ on desired quality/ quantity classification.

However in the assembly group cooperation is not an important factor to
flexibility criteria.
Table 10b. Cooperation and flexibility
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX.
APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.268
0.100
2.607
0.268
Gamma
0.380
0.137
2.607
0.380
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.315
0.120
2.205
0.315
Pearson's R
0.307
0.102
2.140
0.307
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.253
0.140
1.825
0.253
Gamma
0.353
0.190
1.825
0.353
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.286
0.161
1.690
0.286
Pearson's R
0.259
0.161
1.516
0.259
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.310
0.098
3.233
0.001**
Gamma
0.408
0.126
3.233
0.001**
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.373
0.117
3.010
0.004c
Pearson's R
0.315
0.126
2.480
0.016c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.359
0.104
3.481
0.000**
Gamma
0.453
0.127
3.481
0.000**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.436
0.118
3.525
0.001c
Pearson's R
0.401
0.115
3.190
0.002c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

40
Cooperation to efficiency. Table 10c shows that cooperation and product
efficiency has no significant relationship.
Implies that the chain actors used or utilize the resources individually in order to
produce quality/quantity cabbaged demanded in the market do not directly affect
developed relationship of the chain actors.

Thus cooperation is not a determinant or indicator to efficiency performance of
the chain actors in the spot market chain.
Table 10c. Cooperation to efficiency
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD.
APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.069
0.130
0.530
0.596
Gamma
0.097
0.182
0.530
0.596
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.083
0.150
0.554
0.582c
Pearson's R
0.058
0.165
0.382
0.704c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.184
0.148
1.246
0.213
Gamma
0.272
0.215
1.246
0.213
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.208
0.167
1.201
0.239c
Pearson's R
0.150
0.146
0.856
0.398c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.120
0.108
1.119
0.263
Gamma
0.172
0.154
1.119
0.263
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.145
0.126
1.098
0.277c
Pearson's R
0.044
0.120
0.327
0.745c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.125
0.115
1.091
0.275
Gamma
0.168
0.154
1.091
0.275
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.163
0.137
1.205
0.234c
Pearson's R
0.073
0.127
0.533
0.596c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

---

41
Cooperation to responsiveness. Table 10d presents highly significant and
significant relationship of cooperation and responsiveness of chain actors particularly
assembly, distribution and retailing group.
This implies that chain actors in this group work and share information in
order to improve their business operation. But some do not share true information
regarding on the production and marketing strategy and delivery period with the buyer
and supplier they deal with. However on the part of production group cooperation is not

an important indicator to responsiveness since farmers depend on what is available to
produce.
Table 10d. Cooperation to responsiveness
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
-0.012
0.122
-0.101
0.920
Gamma
-0.018
0.176
-0.101
0.920
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.014
0.144
-0.090
0.928c
Pearson's R
0.015
0.122
0.100
0.920c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.315
0.130
2.365
0.018*
Gamma
0.474
0.183
2.365
0.018*
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.355
0.146
2.150
0.039c
Pearson's R
0.316
0.123
1.884
0.069c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.263
0.104
2.546
0.011*
Gamma
0.353
0.135
2.546
0.011*
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.308
0.122
2.423
0.019c
Pearson's R
0.267
0.104
2.071
0.043c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.374
0.112
3.341
0.001**
Gamma
0.471
0.136
3.341
0.001**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.439
0.127
3.558
0.001c
Pearson's R
0.429
0.121
3.459
0.001c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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42
Commitment to product quality. Table 11a presents the significant relationship
between commitment and product quality satisfaction on the distribution and retailing
group.
This implies that the chain actors on this group fulfill the promises made in order
to meet buyers demand or requirements and to continue trading with the buyer for a long
period of time, considering the good interest for the business. Producing the desired
quality product adds to high level of relational commitment between the chain actors that

build up stronger relationship. However on the production and assembly group
commitment is not an important determinant to product quality.
Table 11a. Commitment to product quality
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.204
0.119
1.676
0.094
Gamma
0.306
0.173
1.676
0.094
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.237
0.137
1.619
0.113c
Pearson's R
0.222
0.118
1.507
0.139c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.068
0.165
0.410
0.682
Gamma
0.107
0.257
0.410
0.682
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.079
0.184
0.446
0.658c
Pearson's R
0.115
0.172
0.652
0.519c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.368
0.115
3.166
0.002**
Gamma
0.529
0.156
3.166
0.002**
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.404
0.126
3.301
0.002c
Pearson's R
0.408
0.134
3.345
0.001c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.315
0.116
2.746
0.006**
Gamma
0.444
0.161
2.746
0.006**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.358
0.131
2.789
0.007c
Pearson's R
0.234
0.149
1.749
0.086c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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43
Commitment to flexibility. Table 11b presents highly significant and significant
relationship between commitment and flexibility performance of chain actors.
This table entails that on the production, distribution and retailing group these
chain actors fulfill the promised made in order to meet the buyers extra ordinary demand
or needs with in that period of time. However on the assembly group commitment is not
an indicator to flexibility since they fulfill their self interest or assemblers do not provide
what is really needed by the buyers.

Thus commitment is a determinant factor to flexibility particularly on production,
distribution and retailing group of chain actors in the spot market chain.
Table 11b. Commitment and flexibility
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.232
0.117
1.974
0.048*
Gamma
0.323
0.160
1.974
0.048*
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.279
0.138
1.930
0.060c
Pearson's R
0.251
0.115
1.719
0.093c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.184
0.160
1.135
0.256
Gamma
0.267
0.227
1.135
0.256
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.196
0.178
1.133
0.266c
Pearson's R
0.233
0.175
1.353
0.186c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.353
0.106
3.350
0.001**
Gamma
0.493
0.139
3.350
0.001**
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.401
0.119
3.274
0.002c
Pearson's R
0.335
0.110
2.663
0.010c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.336
0.113
2.958
0.003**
Gamma
0.438
0.140
2.958
0.003**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.387
0.127
3.058
0.003c
Pearson's R
0.378
0.128
2.976
0.004c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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44
Commitment to efficiency. Table 11c shows that commitment and efficiency has
no significant relationship.
Commitments as indicator do not affect the efficiency of the chain actors as to
utilize resources. Thus commitment is not a determinant to efficiency performance of
chain actors in the spot market chain.
As defined by Bowman, (1997) that one of the key factors in the development of

successful supply chains’ (SC) partnerships/alliances is the development of successful
relationships between partners in the supply chain.
Table 11c. Commitment to efficiency
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX.
APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.192
0.134
1.438
0.150
Production
Gamma
0.261
0.180
1.438
0.150
Spearman Correlation
0.218
0.152
1.484
0.145c
Pearson's R
0.142
0.154
0.949
0.348c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.182
0.179
-1.016
0.310
Assembly
Gamma
-0.260
0.254
-1.016
0.310
Spearman Correlation
-0.194
0.194
-1.119
0.271c
Pearson's R
-0.152
0.212
-0.870
0.391c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.067
0.129
0.516
0.606
Distribution
Gamma
0.102
0.196
0.516
0.606
Spearman Correlation
0.069
0.141
0.520
0.605c
Pearson's R
0.094
0.153
0.708
0.482c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.203
0.124
1.637
0.102
Retailing
Gamma
0.282
0.168
1.637
0.102
Spearman Correlation
0.227
0.141
1.695
0.096c
Pearson's R
0.185
0.149
1.370
0.177c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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45
Commitment to responsiveness. Table 11b shows highly significant relationship
between commitment relationship and responsiveness performance of chain actors.
Commitment is determinant to responsiveness only in the production and
retailing group. Farmers and retailers fulfill their commitment or promise to the buyers as
to trading with them in a long period of time and making the produce always available in
the market with desired quality and quantity as needed. However on assembly and

distribution group commitment is not an important indicator to responsiveness for the
reason that they can classify the quality as wanted by them for self interest.
Table 11d. Commitment to responsiveness
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX.
APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.383
0.109
3.534
0.000**
Gamma
0.519
0.148
3.534
0.000**
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.459
0.125
3.430
0.001c
Pearson's R
0.367
0.117
2.615
0.012c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.128
0.150
0.849
0.396
Gamma
0.198
0.229
0.849
0.396
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.143
0.170
0.819
0.419c
Pearson's R
0.140
0.139
0.802
0.429c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.180
0.109
1.659
0.097
Gamma
0.262
0.156
1.659
0.097
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.208
0.126
1.594
0.117c
Pearson's R
0.198
0.109
1.513
0.136c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.394
0.108
3.542
0.000**
Gamma
0.518
0.133
3.542
0.000**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.447
0.122
3.636
0.001c
Pearson's R
0.465
0.126
3.821
0.000c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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46
Relational satisfaction to product quality. Table 12a present the correlation of
relational satisfaction and product quality satisfaction.
Highly significant relationship between relational satisfaction and product quality
satisfaction particularly on the production and retailing group. Proves that the chain
actors on this group have satisfactory trading relationships which fulfill their expectation
regarding on the quality of the product. However relational satisfaction is not a factor to
product quality satisfaction to the assembly and distribution group.

Thus relational satisfaction is only determinant/indicator to production and
retailing group.
Table 12a. Relational satisfaction to product quality
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.380
0.111
3.235
0.001**
Gamma
0.529
0.141
3.235
0.001**
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.435
0.121
3.207
0.002c
Pearson's R
0.421
0.123
3.079
0.004c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.165
0.153
-1.083
0.279
Gamma
-0.231
0.214
-1.083
0.279
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
-0.197
0.180
-1.135
0.265c
Pearson's R
-0.179
0.168
-1.030
0.311c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.234
0.122
1.893
0.058
Gamma
0.318
0.163
1.893
0.058
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.263
0.138
2.041
0.046c
Pearson's R
0.313
0.147
2.468
0.017c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.381
0.110
3.383
0.001**
Gamma
0.519
0.143
3.383
0.001**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.431
0.123
3.476
0.001c
Pearson's R
0.435
0.134
3.517
0.001c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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47
Relational satisfaction to flexibility. Table 12b present highly significant and
significant relationship between relational satisfaction and flexibility.
This implies that on the production and distribution group of chain actors
relational satisfaction is an important determinant to flexibility since they continue to
trade with the buyer for a long period producing/procuring the desired quality of cabbage
needed in the market in that certain period of time. However the assembly and retailing
group relational satisfaction is not important factor to flexibility as to their function.

Thus relational satisfaction is an important determinant to flexibility only on the
production and distribution group.
Table 12b. Relational satisfaction to flexibility.
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
0.509
0.085
5.356
0.000**
Gamma
0.666
0.097
5.356
0.000**
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.590
0.095
4.842
0.000c
Pearson's R
0.595
0.082
4.910
0.000c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.178
0.171
-1.0432
0.297
Gamma
-0.237
0.226
-1.043
0.297
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
-0.190
0.194
-1.097
0.281c
Pearson's R
-0.194
0.195
-1.119
0.272c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.255
0.113
2.260
0.024*
Gamma
0.338
0.148
2.260
0.024*
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.296
0.131
2.231
0.024c
Pearson's R
0.221
0.137
1.694
0.096c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.175
0.111
1.582
0.114
Gamma
0.227
0.142
1.582
0.114
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.214
0.132
1.595
0.117c
Pearson's R
0.186
0.130
1.376
0.174c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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48
Relational satisfaction to efficiency. Table 12c presents the correlation of
relational satisfaction and efficiency that is applicable only to retailing group.
Proves that retailers are satisfied with the relationship developed between them on
the buyer. Retailers utilized the limited resources to address the buyers demand or needs
in order to derive satisfactory income that satisfies the rate of return to their investment.
But on the other hand production, distributors and assembly groups have no direct

relationship. As the chain actors on this group utilized the limited resources it does not
directly affect the relationship satisfaction derived.
Table 12c. Relational satisfaction to efficiency
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
RESPONDENT
VALUE
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
GROUP
Kendall's tau-b
-0.037
0.137
-0.267
0.789
Gamma
-0.050
0.186
-0.267
0.789
Production
Spearman Correlation
-0.028
0.160
-0.189
0.851c
Pearson's R
-0.026
0.156
-0.172
0.864c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
-0.085
0.167
-0.505
0.613
Gamma
-0.116
0.228
-0.505
0.613
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
-0.096
0.189
-0.544
0.590c
Pearson's R
-0.123
0.181
-0.702
0.488c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.184
0.111
1.668
0.095
Gamma
0.261
0.155
1.668
0.095
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.216
0.127
1.653
0.104c
Pearson's R
0.155
0.134
1.173
0.246c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.384
0.111
3.411
0.001**
Gamma
0.505
0.141
3.411
0.001**
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.434
0.126
3.506
0.001c
Pearson's R
0.428
0.123
3.446
0.001c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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49
Relational satisfaction to responsiveness. Table 12d presents the significant
relationship between relational satisfaction to responsiveness.
Chain actors are satisfied with the trading operation they have established
between them. Chain actors find ways to produce the needed demand by the buyers in the
market as to quality, quantity and time of delivery. Moreover as the respondent respond
on the needs of the buyer on time with the wanted output high relational satisfaction
arise. But in contrast if respondents were not satisfied with the respond they receive
trading with the supplier the respondent (buyer) find ways to make reasons not to procure

from that supplier thus the respondents were not satisfied with the relationship
established between them.
Table 12d. Relational satisfaction to responsiveness.
RESPONDENT
SYMMETRIC
ASYMP. STD. APPROX. APPROX.
VALUE
GROUP
MEASURES
ERRORa
Tb
SIG.
Kendall's tau-b
0.330
0.109
2.936
0.003**
Gamma
0.448
0.141
2.936
0.003**
Production
Spearman Correlation
0.387
0.127
2.780
0.008c
Pearson's R
0.389
0.115
2.805
0.007c
N of Valid Cases
46.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.098
0.146
0.671
0.502
Gamma
0.138
0.205
0.671
0.502
Assembly
Spearman Correlation
0.108
0.173
0.616
0.542c
Pearson's R
0.047
0.149
0.267
0.791c
N of Valid Cases
34.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.280
0.114
2.431
0.015*
Gamma
0.367
0.146
2.431
0.015*
Distribution
Spearman Correlation
0.321
0.131
2.539
0.014c
Pearson's R
0.330
0.133
2.616
0.011c
N of Valid Cases
58.000
Kendall's tau-b
0.254
0.104
2.400
0.016*
Gamma
0.323
0.130
2.400
0.016*
Retailing
Spearman Correlation
0.307
0.123
2.351
0.022c
Pearson's R
0.333
0.119
2.570
0.013c
N of Valid Cases
55.000
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
As to their gender majority of the chain actors (farmers and trucker-wholesaler are
male and there are more female on the assembler-wholesaler; financier-assembler
wholesaler; wholesaler, wholesaler-retailer and retailer). On the respondents’ marital
status, majority of them are married although a significant number are single.
The respondents on this endeavor are mostly young aging from 20-40 years old.
Only few (5) chain actors are of 20 years old and below. The respondents on cabbage
supply chain catholic constituted the largest number followed by the Protestants. On the
educational background most of them graduated high school level such (43) farmer’s,
(44) wholesaler-retailer and (56) retailers. However, a significant number of them have
reached college level and only few had reached elementary and vocational levels. Based
on the result of the study respondents differ with the year they engaged in vegetable
business. A large number of them are not engaged in organizations such cooperative,
farmers association and others.
The study revealed that on the mean average in the relationship criteria used
proves that majority of the respondents were satisfied with the established relationship as
to cooperation, commitment and relational satisfaction and trust particularly on trading
with the buyer honestly considering the best interest of both of them seller/ buyer..
However the chain actors are indecisive as to criteria power and dependence for the
reason that they sometimes share information about what is desired in the market and
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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they depend sometimes on the available quality/quantity in the spot market and they are
undecided to confidently rely on buyers promised as well.
Further the study presents that chain actors believe to agree as to the different
criteria used in measuring performance such as product quality satisfaction, flexibility,
efficiency and responsiveness. Chain actors provide the desired quality/ quantity as
needed in that certain period of time in order to cater to the needs of the buyer. Moreover
buyers are flexible to buy cabbage regardless of quality and quantity even though chain
actors differ on classifying product (cabbage) as to quality, payment term and pricing
strategy. The common problems encountered by the chain actors were poor quality, late
payment, unpaid credits, fluctuating flow of cabbage, and lack of appropriate facilities.
Correlation between relationship and performance of chain actors as criteria used
findings revealed that:
Relationship of trust to product quality satisfaction, flexibility, efficiency, and
responsiveness shows that only on the production group trust is a determinant to product
quality satisfaction. For the other criteria such flexibility, efficiency and responsiveness,
trust is not a determinant/ indicator as to the functions of the chain actors.
Correlation of power to product quality satisfaction, flexibility, efficiency and
responsiveness presents that power is not an important factor to this criteria as used.
Relationship dependence to product quality satisfaction, flexibility, efficiency,
and responsiveness criteria shows a significant relationship between dependence to
product quality satisfaction for production, distribution and retailing group, flexibility for
production group, and responsiveness for group production, assembly and retailing group
except to efficiency for all the chain actor groups.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Relationship communication to product quality satisfaction, flexibility, efficiency,
and responsiveness presents that communication is highly significant indicator to product
quality satisfaction and flexibility performance on distribution group and distribution and
retailing group respectively and communication is significant to responsiveness
particularly on production, assembly and retailing group. However communication is not
an important determinant to efficiency.
Correlation between cooperation and product quality satisfaction, flexibility,
efficiency, and responsiveness presents that there is a significant relationship between
chain actors on the criteria cooperation to product quality satisfaction, flexibility and
responsiveness except efficiency.
Correlation between commitment and product quality satisfaction, flexibility,
efficiency, and responsiveness shows high significant relationship between commitment
indicator to product quality satisfaction, flexibility and responsiveness for the chain
actors except assembly group. However commitment is not a determinant to efficiency
criteria.
Relationship between indicator relational satisfaction and product quality
satisfaction, flexibility, efficiency, and responsiveness present that relational satisfaction
is a significant indicator to performance criteria for production, distribution and retailing
group. Thus it entails that assemblers have no good business relationship with the other
chain actors.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are made:
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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1. There are more male respondents (farmer, financer assembler-wholesaler and
trucker-wholesaler) while more female respondents (wholesaler, wholesaler-retailer
and retailer). Most of them start the business ranging from 20-40 years old, graduate of
high school and college level.
2. Most of respondents belong to Christian community. Majority of them do not
consider the benefits of organization.
3. Chain actors have common understanding as to their relationship such as
cooperation, commitment and relational satisfaction which chain actors cooperate and
fulfill the promises made for the purpose of fulfilling common interest. However, chain
actors differ on understanding about trust, dependence, and power, commitment, and
relationship satisfaction.
4. The chain actors are utilizing the limited resources to produce quality/ quantity
product to cater into the needs and desire of the market within that period of time.
However conflicts or misunderstanding between them are not avoided.
5. Trust is a determinant/indicator to product quality satisfaction. However, it is not
a determinant/indicator to flexibility, efficiency and responsiveness of chain actors in the
spot market chain.
6. Power is not an important factor or indicator to performance criteria such as
product quality satisfaction, flexibility, efficiency and responsiveness of chain actors in
the spot market chain.
7. Dependence is an important measurement to product quality satisfaction,
flexibility and responsiveness for chain actors on production, distribution and retailing
group except on efficiency criteria where dependence is not an important indicator.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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8. Communication has significant relationships with performance criteria except on
efficiency criteria wherein communication is not an important indicator.
9. Cooperation has a highly significant relationship to performance criteria except on
efficiency where cooperation is not a right indicator.
10. Commitment is not an indicator to efficiency performance. However, it is a
determinant/indicator to product quality satisfaction, flexibility and responsiveness for
the chain actors except assembly.
11. Relational satisfaction is important criteria to all the criteria for performance of
chain actors except on assembly.
Recommendations
Based on the findings of the study the following are recommended inorder to
improve and strengthen the relationship of chain actors in business transaction of
cabbage.
1. The chain actors should set standards on quality classification, and especially in
pricing strategy and payment term in-order to have fair treatment among chain actors.
2. In-order to improve the skill, knowledge and performance of the chain actors,
government and non government agencies should conduct seminars and trainings on
proper handling, packaging, storage, financial management and quality management.
3. Chain actors must establish relational trust in order to produce/procure the desired
needs of the market and to cater to the needs of the buyer and to compete in the spot
market chain as well.
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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4. Power between chain actors must not be established in order to eliminate
unsatisfactory or opportunistic behavior and to strengthen the relationship of the chain
actors.
5. The chain actors should build-up satisfactory relationship in order to improve
their performance on the trading industry, such as commitment and cooperation that must
be fully established among them.
6. The chain actors must possess the right attitude in order to satisfy the

requirements or needs of the buyers and to minimize conflicts between them.
LITERATURE CITED/REFERENCES
ANDALEEB, S. S., 1996. An experimental investigation of satisfaction and commitment
in marketing channels: the role of trust and dependence. Journal of Retailing, 72,
77-93
ANDERSON, J. C. and J.A. NARRUS. 1990. A model of distributor firm and
Manufacturing firm working relationships. Journal Marketing, 54(1), 42-58.
ANDERSON, E. and B. A. WEITZ. 1992. The use of pledges to build and sustain
commitment in distribution channels. Journal of Marketing Research. 29, 18-34.
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
Letter to the Respondents
Benguet State University
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
La Trinidad, Benguet
November, 2010
Sir/Madam,
Warm greetings!
I am a graduating student of Benguet State University taking up Bachelor of
Science in Agribusiness major in Enterprise Management. As part of the course
requirement, I am presently conducting an undergraduate research study entitled
“RELATIONSHIP AND PERFORMANCE OF CHAIN ACTORS IN THE SPOT
MARKET FOR SELECTED VEGETABLES”.
In connection with this, may I ask you to fill up or answer the questionnaire made
for this purpose? Rest assured that all the information you will provide will be treated
with outmost confidentiality. Your favorable approval is highly appreciated.
Thank you for your kindness and cooperation. May God bless you!
Sincerely yours,
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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BENIDO B.CALPASE
Researcher
Noted by:
LEOPOLDO N. TAGARINO
Adviser

Interview Schedule
This research aims to investigate the cabbage supply networks. All information solicited will be
treated with confidentiality. Please answer the questions honestly by putting X mark in the appropriate
space provided for. Thank you very much!
Respondent’s Name: __________________________
No. ______
Respondent’s Group:
1. Production Group:
[ ] Farmers
2. Assembly (Collection) Group : [ ] Assembler-Wholesaler [ ] Financier-Assembler- Wholesaler
3. Distribution Group :
[ ] Trucker-Wholesaler [ ] Wholesaler
4. Retailing Group : [ ] Retailers [ ] Wholesaler-Retailer
A. RESPONDENTS PROFILE
1. Age: _____
2. Gender: _____ Male
_____ Female
3. Marital status: [ ] Single
[ ] Married
[ ] Separated
[ ] Widowed
4. Religion:
[ ] Catholic
[ ] Protestant
[ ] others, specify ________________
5. Educational background: [ ] Elementary [ ] High School [ ] College [ ] Vocational
6. Number of years engages in vegetable farming business: _____
B.What are the vegetables you frequently produce/procure and sell in the market?Please check the boxes
[ ] Potato [ ] Cabbage [ ] Chinese Cabbage [ ] Carrots [ ] Broccoli [ ] Lettuce [ ] Bell Pepper
[ ] Tomato [ ] Celery [ ] Chayote [ ] Cucumber [ ] SnapBeans [ ] Garden Peas
C.SUPPLY NETWORK RELATIONSHIP
Assess the nature of satisfaction with the buyers of your vegetables.
C.1 Trust:Trust can be understood as a faith, reliance, belief or confidence in the goodwill of other partners.
Assess the nature of relational trust with the buyers of your vegetables.
1 2 3 4 5
1. I have much confidence to rely on the buyer’s promises
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
2. I am always honest dealing with the buyers of cabbage.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. I should not hesitate to make important
decisions based on buyer’s suggestions Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
4. I always believe on the information shared by the buyer. Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
5. The buyer is fair in negotiating with me.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
6. The buyer I trade with has a good reputation.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
7. The buyer and I always consider the best interest.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
C.2 Power: Power is defined as the ability to influence a relationship partner and dependence or
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
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asymmetrical investment in relationship-assets can lead to the exercise of coercive power. Assess the nature
of relational power with the buyers of your vegetables.
1 2 3 4 5
1. I am flexible to choose buyers at any time.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
2. I always adhere to the buyer’s demand.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. I have all the power in the trading negotiation
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
4. Buyer has the best offer relative to alternatives.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
5. Buyer often controls the market information.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
6. Buyer often acts opportunistically.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

C.3 Dependence: Dependence is increased when the outcomes available from the relationship are
comparatively better than the outcomes available from alternative relationship. Assess the nature of
relational dependence with the buyers of your vegetables.

1 2 3 4 5
1. I am flexible to choose buyers at any time.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
2. I always adhere to the buyer’s demand. Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. I have all the power in the trading negotiation. Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
4. Buyer has the best offer relative to alternatives.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
5. Buyer often controls the market information. Strongly Disagree
Strongl Agree
6. Buyer often acts opportunistically.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
C.3 Communication: Communication is “the formal as well as informal sharing of meaningful and timely
information between firms”. Assess the nature of communication, between you and the buyer
1. I can directly dictate price Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
2. I usually share information Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. As buyer, I use other people to communicate with the farmers Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
C.4 Cooperation: Cooperation refers to situations in which firms work together to achieve mutual goals
Assess the level of cooperation between you and the buyer of your vegetables
1. I work cooperatively with the buyer to effectively 1 2 3 4 5
improve my operation Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
2. I usually share information's to my suppliers, buyers Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. I build up relationships (alliances/partnership) with my colleagues'
4. I always share information about production/marketing
targets to the buyer Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
5 .I share the production or marketing decisions
I made with the buyer Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
C.5 Commitment: commitment as "an exchange partner believing that an ongoing relationship with another
is so important as to warrant maximum efforts at maintaining it. Assess the level of commitment between
you and the buyer of your vegetables
1 2 3 4 5
1. I keep the promises I make with the buyer.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
2 .I make extra effort to meet the buyers demand requirement. Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. I make signifiant investment to produce/procure cabbage.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
4. I work cooperatively with the buyer to effectively improve
my operation Strongl Disagree
Strongly Agree
5. I expect to continue trading with the buyer for a long time. StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
6. I invest large amount of capital in my business operation. StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
C.6 Relationship satisfaction: Satisfaction is derived from the result of a satisfaction means the extent to
which the relational dimensions of the partnership meet expectation.

Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
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1 2 3 4 5
1. Trading with the preferred buyer is less risky.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
2. My trading relationship with the buyer is satisfactory.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
3. I am satisfied to continue to trading with
the buyer for a longer time.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
4. The buyer meets my expectations in trading with them.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
5. The buyer treats me fairly and equitably.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
6. I am adequately receiving better income trading with the buyer. StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
7. I have much conflict with the buyer.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
8. The relational trust established with the buyers is very satisfying.
StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
9. I am happy on the business alliances with the buyers. StronglyDisagree
Strongly Agree
10.Trading with the buyers is self fulfilling StronglyDisagréé
Strongly Agree
C. PERFORMANCE (Operations): Assess the performance of the supply network operation using the
following metrics.
D.1 Quality Food Product consists of product safety and the product reliability and convenience.
The quality of vegetables I produce/procure/sold meets my expectation.
1 2 3 4 5
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
1. The quality of vegetables delivered meets the buyer’s requirements.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
2. I am satisfied with the volume I produce/procure
or sold to the buyer Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. I always achieve my production/procurement/delivery targets.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
4. I am satisfied to fulfill the orders and deliveries.
of cabbage when needed Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
5. The quality of cabbage I supplied in the market is reliable.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
D.2 Flexibility. Flexibility indicates the degree to which supply chain can respond to changing environment
and extraordinary customer service requests.
1. I can produce/procure the desired volume when buyers needed it.
1 2 3 4 5
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
2. I exert effort to produce the desired volume
and quality when buyers demand it. Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. The buyer is flexible to buy cabbage.
regardless of volume and quality Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
4. We the buyer and seller has little conflict.
in the business transaction Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
D.3 Efficiency. Efficiency measures how well the resources are utilized which include production/
procurement costs, profit return on investment and inventory.
1. I am happy to produce the desired volume out of my limited resources. 1 2 3 4 5
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
2. The income I received is adequately rewarding.

Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
3. I exert effort to reduce the cost of production.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
4. I am satisfied with the rate of return to my investment.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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D.4 Responsiveness. Responsiveness aims at providing the requested products with a short lead time. This
involves the interaction between buyers and suppliers on issues related to product, payment and
information.
1. I can supply the market with desired quality/quantity when needed. 1 2 3 4 5
Strongly disagree
Strongly agree
2. I always schedule my deliveries to meet the time in the market.
Strongly disagree
Strongly agree
3. I always find time to deliver cabbage when customers/market needs it.

Strongly disagree
Strongly agree
4. I always act on the demand/complaints of buyers related to quality/quantity.
Strongly disagree
Strongly agree

Relationship and Performance of Actors in the Spot Market Chains fur cabbage.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad Bengue. / BENIDO B. CALPASE. 2011

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Document Outline

• Relationship and Performance of Actors inthe Spot Market Chains fur cabbage
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • ABSTRACT
  • INTRODUCTION
  • REVIEW OF LITERATURE
  • METHODOLOGY
  • RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
  • SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • LITERATURE CITED/REFERENCES
  • APPENDICES

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