Benguet State University
RESEARCH JOURNAL
ISSN 0117-5297 No. 63

July-December 2009
CONTENTS
DEVELOPMENT OF SWEETPOTATO-BASED CANDY PROCESSING
TECHNOLOGY FOR COMMERCIALIZATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

E. T. Botangen and H. L. Quindara
EVALUATION OF YIELD AND ADAPTATION OF PATHOGEN-TESTED
POTATO ACCESSIONS GROWN FROM APICAL CUTTINGS
UNDER LOW MOUNTAIN ZONE ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16

D. K. Simongo, I. C. Gonzales and C. G. Kiswa
THE NBC 461 OF BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-31

M. A. B. Lubrica
A TRACER STUDY OF THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE (BSES) GRADUATES OF BSU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 32-40

R. A. Gomez Jr.
BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY
La Trinidad 2601 Benguet
Philippines

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All communications should be addressed to:
THE EDITOR
BSU Research Journal
Benguet State Univeristy
La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines
Telefax:( +6374) 422-5547
Email address: bsupublications@gmail.com or
repo@bsu.edu.ph
Website: www.bsu.edu.ph

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Benguet State University
RESEARCH JOURNAL
This multidisciplinary scientific journal publishes selected
papers but not limited to those presented during the
annual Benguet State University Agency In-House Review
(Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources, Social and
Education Sectors).

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Editorial Board
EDITOR
Wilma L. Marquez
Layout artist/ CirCuLation assistant
May Flor P. Magciano
TECHNICAL EDITORS
Percival B. Alipit, PhD
Ruth S. Batani, MSc
Janet S. Luis, PhD
Inez C. Gonzales, PhD
Silvestre L. Kudan, PhD
Valentino L. Macanes, MSc
Luciana M. Villanueva, PhD
EDITORIAL CONSULTANTS
Julia A. Solimen, PhD
Vice President for Research and Extension
Rogelio D. Colting, PhD
University President
REFEREES
Thelma Layaoen, PhD
Mariano Marcos State University
City of Batac, Ilocos Norte
Cecilia A. Mercado, MSIT
Dean
School of Computing and Information Sciences
Saint Louis University
Baguio City
Erlinda C. Palaganas, PhD
Professor VI
Institute of Management
University of the Philippines (UP)
Baguio City
Pepita S. Picpican, MSc
Science Research Specialist II
DOST-CAR

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Benguet State University Research Journal (BRJ) July-December 2009, 63: 1-9
Copyright 2006, Benguet State University
DEVELOPMENT OF SWEETPOTATO-BASED CANDY PROCESSING
TECHNOLOGY FOR COMMERCIALIZATION
Esther T. Botangen and Hilda L. Quindara
NPRCRTC
Benguet State University
ABSTRACT

Product development involving consumers is important in developing
quality attributes. It ensures that the products developed and marketed satisfy the
needs and preferences of the consumers which is an important contributory factor in
commercialization.

The Sweet potato based tamarind (camarind) and strawberry (camberry) candies
have a sweet- sour taste. Specifically, camarind has a soft, leathery texture and seedless.
Camberry has soft textural moistness.

The quality of camberry was observed to change 3 months after processing. For
camarind, the quality started to deteriorate eight months after processing.

At a selling price of P18.50/pack and a production cost of P13.55/pack and14.25/
pack for camberry and camarind, respectively, it can provide an estimated Return on
Capital Employed (ROCE) of 36.51 % and 29.82%.
Keywords: sweetpotato development, candy processing technology, commercialization

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Benguet State University Research Journal (BRJ) July-December 2009, 63: 10-16
Copyright 2006, Benguet State University
EVALUATION FOR YIELD AND ADAPTATION OF PATHOGEN-TESTED
POTATO ACCESSIONS GROWN FROM APICAL CUTTINGS UNDER LOW
MOUNTAIN ZONE ENVIRONMENT
Donita K. Simongo, Ines C. Gonzales and Cynthia G. Kiswa
NPRCRTC
Benguet State University
ABSTRACT

Sets of germplasm from apical cuttings produced at BSU were evaluated in
low mountain zone environment. The trial was conducted to determine the yield and
adaptation of 32 accessions in low mountain zone environment and to select promising
accessions for further evaluation in different agro-ecological zones in the Philippine
highlands.

Tuber yield of selected accessions and cvs. Ganza, Igorota and Granola
ranged from 1.25 to 23.29 t ha-1. A total of 14 accessions were selected both by the
researchers and farmers for their good yield, desirable tuber shape, skin color, and
shallow eyes. Most of these selected accessions were resistant to late blight.

It is recommended that these selected accessions be screened further for their
adaptability in different agro-ecological zones in the Philippine highlands. Selected
accessions will be included in the national testing center for final evaluation. Outstanding
accessions will be recommended to the Philippine Seed Board for variety release.
Keywords: apical cuttings, evaluation of pathogen-tested, potato accessions, low
mountain zone

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Benguet State University Research Journal (BRJ) July-December 2009, 63: 17-31
Copyright 2006, Benguet State University
THE NBC 461 AT BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY
Maria Azucena B. Lubrica
College of Arts and Sciences
Benguet State University
ABSTRACT

This descriptive study aims to assess the faculty promotion scheme of
BSU, particularly, the National Budget Circular 461 or NBC 461, in terms of its
comprehensiveness; implementation; effectiveness as a motivating factor in teaching;
effectiveness in improving teaching efficiency; effectiveness in increasing the teachers’
productivity; degree of seriousness of the problems encountered; and its associations
with class size, teachers’ performance evaluation ratings, and students’ academic
performance.

The NBC 461 was perceived by the teachers as Satisfactory to Very Satisfactory
in its comprehensiveness, Fairly Satisfactory to Satisfactory in its implementation,
Moderately Effective to Very Effective as a motivating factor, Moderately Effective in
improving teacher efficiency, and Moderately Effective to Very Effective in improving
teacher productivity.

The teachers also perceived the problems on the NBC 461 as Moderately Serious
to Very Serious. Very few teachers considered that there is any association of the NBC
461 with the class size they handle, and with their students’ academic performance.
However, about half of the teachers believed that the NBC 461 had some effect on
improving teachers’ performance evaluation rating.

The NBC 461 can still be improved and the problems related to the NBC 461
can still be made less serious, minimized or even eliminated if the administrators and
faculty concerned would address each problem objectively and sincerely. This would
serve as a feedback mechanism for the BSU administrators concerned with the NBC 461
implementation, for the NBC 461 Zonal implementers, and even for the national level
policy-makers, to pave the way for possible improvement on the NBC 461 Instrument
and Evaluation procedure.
Keywords: BSU, NBC 461, Faculty Promotion Scheme, Descriptive study

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Benguet State University Research Journal (BRJ) July-December 2009, 63: 32-40
Copyright 2006, Benguet State University
A TRACER STUDY OF THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (BSES) GRADUATES OF BSU
Romeo A. Gomez Jr.
College of Arts and Sciences
Benguet State University
ABSTRACT

The study was undertaken to appraise the employment status, curriculum as
well as the advanced potential training needs of graduates of the BS Environmental
Science (BSES) Program of the University. A survey was conducted from February
2004 to December 2005. Apparently, the employability of graduates was a ‘little low’
or probably ‘not so high’ because the expected market has not responded very strongly
and positively to the availability of graduates in the field (supply side). Potential
markets could be in the ever-growing environmental degradation and resource
depletion. There was a strong indication that students would be more prepared with
an inclusion of an on-the-job training (OJT) scheme in the curriculum, aside from the
conduct of a thesis. The offering of a graduate or advanced degree in Environmental
Science and related fields is proposed.
Keywords: tracer study, environmental science, benguet state university

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INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

(Abridged/improved from the editorial policies of the Benguet State University)
1. All manuscripts must be the result of research activities (technical or social) that are relevant to the development
thrust of the University and should not have been published elsewhere.
2. Acceptance of manuscript is on the basis of the review and approval by a corps of technical editors and selected
referees.
3. Original photos should be submitted in PNG or JPEG format with corresponding captions.
4. The manuscript should not exceed 40 pages, typed double spaced in 12-point Times New Roman on one side of
81/2” paper with margins of 3.81 cm on the left and 2.54 cm top, right and bottom and must be submitted in hard
and electronic copy via bsupublications@gmail.com using MS Word Program.
5. The manuscript should be organized in the following order: (a) Title; (b) Authors/s; (c) Authors/s position;
(d) Abstract; (e) Introduction; (f) Materials and Methods; (g) Results and Discussion; (h) Conclusions and
Recommendations; (i) Acknowledgment, optional; and (j) Literature Cited ; and written all centered.
6. The title should be a precise and concise description of the contents of the manuscripts without abbreviations and
typed in upper case. If the paper is a portion of a larger manuscript, which shall be serialized and will be indicated
in a superscript followed by a brief explanation.
7. The author(s) name(s) is/are written in this way: initial letter for the middle names only, first and family names in
full and typed in title case. Senior author comes first in case of more than one author.
8. The abstract must be 200 words or less, summarizing the main points of the articles.
9. The introduction should contain scope and statement of the problem, brief survey of previous work and objectives
and importance of the study.
10. Citations in the text follows the name and year system, e. g.
Single Author:

(Adeyemo, 2010), Yeo (2009) or Boquiren (n.d.)
Two Authors:

Pladio and Villasenor (2004), (Pladio and Villasenor, 2004)
More than Two Authors:

Folbre et al. (2011) or (Folbre et al., 2011).
11. Materials and methods should describe very concisely but comprehensively the materials used, techniques, and
lay-out of the research.
12. Scientific names and other foreign expressions such as in situ, et al., i.e., and other similar expressions are italicized.
Technical terms, abbreviations and acronyms must be defined.
13. In abbreviating or using acronyms, the System International-Units (SI) of the metric system should be followed.
Such abbreviations or acronyms should be written first in full before the truncated terms in parenthesis, e.g. thin-
layer chromatography (TLC). If this information is given in the abstract, it should be re-identified when mentioned
the first time.
14. The results should be presented logically and in objective way and conclusions stated as valid facts.
15. The discussion of results should lead to interpreting significance and /or possible similarity or discrepancy from
previous findings.

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16. A statement on conflict of interest should be declared by authors before the Acknowledgment section. Where
appropriate, Conflict of Interest statements may be in instances such as:” There are no known conflicts interests
associated with the publication” or “There has been no significant financial support for the work that could have
influenced its outcome.” Whenever appropriate, acknowledgements are made relevant for contributions in terms
of financial and technical support.
17. Literature cited in the text should be indicated as follows: Consolacion (2000) or (Consolacion, 2000); for two
authors, Colting and Maddul (1999) or (Colting and Maddul, 1999); for more than two authors, Bucu et al. (1999)
or (Bucu et al., 1999).
18. Electronic sources must be cited as follows: author (s), year, title, date of retrieval and the complete Uniform
Resource Locator (URL) of the site.
19. Listing of literature cited is by author(s) in alphabetical order. The list contains: author (s), year, title of literature,
publisher, address of publisher, volume and issue numbers and inclusive pages (printed as 1(2):1-9). Names of
authors are typed in upper case: for single author, surname (separated by a comma) first before the initials of the
given and middle names; for multiple authors, surname then initials of senior author followed by initials then
surnames of succeeding authors. Authors are separated by commas.
Single author:
Mondejar, L.A. 1998. Understanding Student Judgments of Teaching Performance: A Conjoint Approach.
Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of the Philippines. Diliman. Quezon City.
Durano, M. 2008. From profit to provisioning: A gender equitable public policy. Development Alternatives
with Women for a New Era. QC: Miriam College.
Eriksen, T. 2001. Small Places, Large Issues. An introduction to Social and Cultural Anthropology. 2nd ed.
London: Pluto Press.
Two authors:

Hallauer, A. R. and F. O. Miranda. 1980. Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding. Iowa State University
Press. Ames, Iowa. Pp. 49-52.
Carrasco, C. and M. Serrano. 2011. Lights and Shadows of Household Satellite Accounts: The Case of
Catalonia, Spain. Feminist Economics 17 (2): 68-85. IAFFE: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
Crisologo, L. C. and L. Berlage. 2006. Bargaining in rural households: a study of decision on labor market
participation in the Cordillera. The Philippine Review of Economics. 48 (2): 249- 537.
More than two authors:
Linsley, R., J. Franzini, D. Freyburg and G. Tchobanoglous. 1992. Water Resources Engineering. 4th ed.
McGraw-Hill, Inc. New Jersey, USA.Pp. 510-532.
Aguilar, N. O., B. L. Cardenas and M. A. O. Cajano. 2000. Spore and Seed bearing Plants of Mount Pulag,
Benguet, Philippines. Museum of Natural History. UPLB, College, Laguna, Philippines.
Braunstein, E. B., I. P. Van Staveren and D. Tavani. 2011. Embeding care and unpaid work in Macroeconomic
Modelling. A structural Approach. Feminist Economics. 17, 4-31.
20. If necessary, protocols for manuscript preparation can be requested from the Editorial Board.
21. Please see the latest issue of the Journal for concrete details as to format.

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BSU Research Journal No. 75
BSU Research Journal No. 75
VISION
A premier State University in Asia.
MISSION
Development of people imbued with academic excellence, social conscience and productivity; and
actively generating and promoting environment-friendly, useful technologies to improve quality of life.
GOALS
1. Strengthen and sustain a working environment conducive for excellence;
2. Provide quality education that will produce globally competitive and well-rounded graduates;
3. Provide quality and client-responsive research and extension services;
4. Strengthen and enhance institutional capability in generating revenue towards self-reliance
5. Develop and strengthen quality management system towards economy; and
6. Strengthen and expand private public partnership.
PURPOSE
* To provide quality education that will produce globally-competitive graduates;
* To generate and disseminate appropriate knowledge and technologies that will promote sustainable
resource development;
* To strengthen and enhance institutional capability in generating revenue towards self-reliance;
* To establish competent and effective services geared towards efficiency and economy; and
* To develop harmonious and cooperative University Community relationships.
Benguet State University
RESEARCH JOURNAL
All communications should be addressed to:
THE EDITOR
BSU Research Journal
Benguet State University
La Trinidad 2601 Benguet, Philippines
Telefax: (+6374) 422-5547
Email address: bsupublications@gmail.com
Website: www.bsu.edu.ph
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