PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE OF CA STUDENTS TOWARD OSA SERVICES/UNITS AS AFFECTED BY INFORMATION EDUCATION CAMPAIGN MATERIAL
BIBLIOGRAPHY
PONCIANO, MYLEN B. MAY 2007. Awareness and Perception of CA Students
Toward OSA Services as Affected by a Guidebook. Benguet State University, La
Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Filmore Y. Awas, BSc
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to determine the awareness and perception of CA
students toward OSA services as affected by a guidebook. The study sought to
characterize the socio-economic profile of the respondents, their awareness and
perception toward OSA services including effectiveness of the material, the correlation of
respondents’ socio-economic profile to their awareness and perception.
One hundred seventy four Agriculture students were the respondents of this study.
Survey questionnaire was used in gathering the data. Percentage, frequency distribution,
chi-square test and V-Cramers were used in analyzing the data.
The findings revealed that most of the respondents were BSA and most were
residing in BSU for four years. Majorities were female, under the age bracket of 15-20
years old, and Cordilleran. Most families have their father as the sole provider for their
needs. Most of the respondents have two to three siblings studying.
After reading the information material, awareness level of the respondents
increased. Most of the respondents perceived that OSA services supports student first
policy, may be beneficial but not fully implemented, and can be helpful to studies.
Moreover, the number of respondents who agrees on those statements increased
after reading the information material.
On the correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their awareness on
OSA services before reading the information material, results showed no significant
relationship. Meanwhile, after the respondents read the information material, their level
of awareness in terms of gender revealed significant relationship.
With regards to the correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their
perception towards OSA services before and after reading the guidebook showed that
regardless of age and gender, respondents have the same perception that OSA services
are pro-student. In terms of years of residency, higher years observed that those services
are not effectively implemented however; Non-Cordilleran respondents believed that
these services are helpful to studies.
Researcher recommends that the concerned office should produce information
material to be given to the students during orientation; Administration should check if its
‘student-first policy’, is properly implemented.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography..................…………………………………………………….……… i
Abstract …………....………………………………………………………………… i
Table of Contents …… ...…………………………………………………………... iii
INTRODUCTION
Rationale …………..………………………………………………………… 1
Statement of the Problem
……………………………………………… 3
Objectives of the Study
……………………………………………… 3
Importance of the Study
……………………………………………… 4
Scope and Limitation of the Study ……………………………………… 4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Student Personnel Services ………………………………………………… 5
Perception …………...……………………………………………………… 6
Importance of Information, Education, Communication Material ………… 6
Statement of the Hypothesis ………………………………………….… … 7
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study …………….………………………………… 8
Respondents of the Study …..…..………………………………………… 8
Data Collection ….. ..……..……………………………………………… 10
Date Gathered …..………………………………………………………… 10
Data Analysis ………….……..…………………………………………… 10
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio-Economic Profile of the Respondents ..…….………………..……... 11
Awareness of the Respondents Towards OSA Services ..………………… 13
Perception of the Respondents Towards OSA Services …………………… 14
Correlation of Profile to Awareness Towards OSA
Services Before Reading the Information Material…..…………………... 16
Correlation of Profile to Awareness Towards OSA
Services After Reading the Information Material…..…………………... … 17
Correlation of Profile to Perception Towards OSA
Services Before and After Reading the
Information Material .………….………………………………………….. 20
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary ……………………………………..………………………….… 23
Conclusions ………………………………….………………………….… 24
Recommendations …..…………………………………….…………….… 25
LITERATURE CITED …………………………………………….……………… 26
APPENDICES
Appendix A. Survey Questionnaire ……………………………………... 27
Appendix B. Information Material of BSU-OSA………………………… 29
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
The present time is significant for the evolution of student affairs. There has been
an effort in improving quality of life integrating new student groups, attracting and
retaining students in attempt to maintain enrolments of qualified students, assure
placement of graduates, develop supportive alumni, and enhance academic involvement.
One of the reasons is that the minority participation in education is growing,
vocationalism is increasing, and student’s characteristics, values, and needs are changing
(Garland, 1986).
Student Personnel Services (SPS) are those activities and areas of school that are
concerned in helping the individual to become an upright resourceful and productive
citizen in the society. In the University, President Rogelio Colting imposed ‘Student
First Policy’ as he took office. The policy focuses on the welfare of the students for the
University to produce globally competitive graduates. According to a Mountain
Collegian article authored by Annie Ruth Wallang, the concentration of the policy is on
improvement of student services such as housing, library, security, and others.
Administration also supported more scholarships, trainings, conferences, and other
opportunities.
On the other hand, student services supervised by the Office of Student Affairs
attributed to the goal of University because they are based on student development
theories.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Thus,
students’
awareness
about these services should be considered and treated
as the focal point of guidance program.
The Office of the Student Affairs (OSA) envisions the office to be the center of
student development for quality and globally competitive graduates. It also exists to
facilitate human growth through delivery of quality Student Personnel Development
services and relevant programs responsive to emerging needs of its clientele. Thus, the
BSU-OSA aims to achieve student learning, personal development and success.
In Benguet State University, the OSA services/units include Housing services,
Testing and Materials Development Office (TMDO), Student Financial Aid Office
(SFAO), Guidance and Counseling Office, and Student Development Office (SDO).
Housing services provides activities that ensure the development of positive
attitudes and values of its residents; TMDO delivers testing services through the
preparation, administration, scoring, and interpretation of psychological tests for specific
purposes; while SFAO facilitates provision of scholarships, grants, and other forms of
assistance to the less socio-economically privileged and academically competent
students.
The guidance clinic provides welfare assistance to students on matters related to
personal, social, academic, psychological, emotional, and career concerns. SDO screens,
accredits, recognizes, supervises, and evaluates all student organizations and their
activities (BSU-OSA).
These student services greatly aid the growth of an individual. Although there
were leaflets produced, still, many students do not have copies. Information material
disseminated should reach its intended beneficiaries for the success of the program.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Hence, it is important to find out if the guidance function of the University really serve its
purpose according to the knowledge of the students and consider the effectiveness of
information dissemination done to reach its audience.
As recommended in the study of Awas (2005), in any printed material, objective
presentation of the messages should be done since it has been proven that it affects the
decision of the respondents.
Statement of the Problem
Some students have knowledge about the student services. However, there is a
need to know their perception about the student services.
Specifically, this study sought to answer the following:
1. What are the socio-economic profiles of the respondents?
2. Are the respondents aware of the OSA services?
3. What are the perceptions of the respondents towards OSA services?
4. Do the socio-economic profiles of the respondents affect their awareness
and perception towards the OSA services?
Objectives of the Study
To know the perceived understanding of students upon exposure to the
information material on student services, this study aims to:
1. characterize the respondents;
2. determine if the respondents are aware of OSA services;
3. determine the perception of the respondents towards OSA services; and
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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4. determine if the socio-economic profiles of the respondents affect their
awareness and perception on OSA services
Importance of the Study
The College of Agriculture is the Center of Excellence in Agriculture. Its students
should be provided with fulfillment on their needs such as counseling, scholarship,
personality evaluation, security, academic facilities, and others. The need to study the
perceptions of the students will then assess the effectiveness of the guidance program of
the University.
The information material can be a baseline of guidance program in creating an
updated material.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study focused on the perception of the respondents regarding the OSA
services offered by the University and the impact of the information material to the
respondents’ understanding.
The study limits its scope to student services such as Housing, Testing and
Material Development, Student Financial Assistance, Guidance and Counseling, and
Student Development.
The information material developed contains the compiled and updated
information regarding the student services. It was floated to 174 students of the College.
Researcher did not explore more on the possible frames or different treatment of
the information material that can be used in the study.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Student Personnel Services
In Greenville County School, the Student Personnel Services Department
provides courteous and supportive assistance to students, parents, and school personnel to
promote student achievement and facilitate personnel growth.
Assistance is available in the areas of attendances, social work, health services,
intervention services, homebound, home schooling and discipline. Aside from that, they
provide liaison with law enforcement agencies and communities in school.
Moreover, the critical need for Student Personnel Services moved the student
affairs organizations to improve the quality of life, integrate new student groups, and
attract and retain students. It became critical to institutions attempting to maintain
enrollment of qualified students, assure placement of graduates, develop supportive
alumni, and enhance academic involvement.
Meanwhile, creating an environment conducive to student learning is the major
goal of District Five in United States. Their Office of Student Personnel Services
establishes and supervises a district-wide system of student behavioral expectations - a
system designed to eliminate problem that prevents or interferes with the student’s
learning.
Furthermore, countryside studies in 1991 projected that Philippine government
and universities supported numerous scholarship programs to low-income families to
have an access on education. For instance is the University of the Philippines. With what
they call ‘socialized tuition’ plan, students from higher income families were asked to
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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pay higher fees and those students who belonged to low-income families were eligible for
at least free tuition plus a living allowance.
Perception
Perception is the process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting, and organizing
sensory information. The methods of studying perception range from essentially
biological or physiological approaches. It is through psychological approaches to the
often abstract ‘thought-experiments’ of mental philosophy (Wikipedia, 2006).
According to Myers (1983) as cited by Panonot (2006), perceptions refer
to how an individual understand the objects and events.
Importance of an Information, Education Communication Materials
The essentials of an IEC (Anonymous 2002 as cited by Awas 2005) states that
effective information materials are not only needed to have an appropriate context in
which they are shaped, but it is crucial that services be prepared to respond to any
demand that may be created. The influence of underlying social, cultural, economic, and
environmental conditions and identifying/promotion specific behaviors are also taken
into consideration in the IEC objectives. Usually, behaviors are affected by many factors
including the most urgent needs of the target population and the risks people perceive in
continuing their behavior or in changing to different behaviors.
Moreover, Sidchogan (2006) stated that an organization based in South India, the
Nalamdana, used innovative IEC materials on HIV/AIDS, Maternal/Child Health and a
variety of other health and social issues to provoke thought and rouses action and
discussion among its audience in regards to health awareness.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Likewise, the Alliance of Cervical Cancer Protection, an organization who
responds to community needs, created IEC strategies to raise awareness about cervical
cancer prevention among women and their communities.
Thus, IEC material must go along with the audience’s capabilities. Their
participation with ‘what should’ a campaign material contain is a great factor in making
an IEC effective and acceptable to them (Sidchogan, 2006).
Statement of the Hypothesis
1. The information material will provide additional knowledge to the
respondents concerning the OSA services.
2. There will be a significant correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile
to their awareness and perception about student services.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
This study was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Benguet State University.
CA was chosen because it has the biggest population and said to be the oldest college in
the University.
Moreover, Accrediting Agency of Colleges and Universities of the Philippines
(AACUP) qualified and accredited BSA program as qualified for level III.
The college offers four courses namely: Bachelor of Science in Agriculture,
Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness, Bachelor of Science in Development
Communication, and Diploma in Agro-forestry.
Furthermore, the study was conducted from February to March 2007.
Respondents of the Study
Respondents of the study are the students enrolled in the College of Agriculture
for the school year 2006-2007. One hundred seventy four respondents were selected.
Table 1. Degree programs of the respondents
DEGREE PROGRAM FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
(n) (%)
DAF 1 0.6
BSDC
24
14
BSAB
31
18
BSA
118
68
TOTAL 174 100
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Figure 1. Map of Benguet showing the locale of the study
Data Collection
Survey questionnaire was used in gathering the data needed. Data were gathered
in one setting. Pretest was given first then the respondents were asked to stop answering
and were instructed to read the information material for the post test.
Data Gathered
The study included gathering the socio-economic profile of the respondents to
determine their characteristics that may affect their awareness.
The respondents’ awareness and perception of CA students toward OSA services
before and after reading the material were also gathered.
Furthermore, this study looked into the effectiveness of the information material
used.
The information material developed is a guidebook measuring 8.27” x 5.85” and
uses bond paper. The researcher compiled pertinent information about the BSU-OSA.
Data Analysis
The collected data were consolidated and were analyzed according to the
objectives of the study. The data were interpreted using descriptive analysis such as
percentages, frequencies, chi-square test and V-Cramers. On the correlation of
respondents’ profile to their awareness regarding the OSA services, Chi –square and V-
Cramers were used. However, on the correlation of perception and respondents’ profile,
percentage was used since answers given were multiple responses.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Profile of the Respondents
Table 2 shows the respondents’ socio-economic profile in terms of course, age,
gender, years of residency in the university, ethnic affiliation, and the respondents’
number of siblings who are studying.
Seventy four percent (74%) of the respondents belonged to the age range of 15-20
years old. Ninety-nine respondents (57%) were female while 75 were male (43%).
There were 60 students (34%) residing in BSU for at least four years and the rest
were not yet exceeding the regular years of residency.
Of the 174 respondents, 94% of them were Cordilleran, mostly came from
Benguet and Mountain Province while 10 respondents (6%) were Non-cordilleran.
Among the respondents, 138 of them have their father as the sole provider for the
family. Meanwhile, only five respondents (3%) claimed that their mother was the sole
provider for they are widows. Some of these single parents were teachers, OFWs, traders
and farmers. Mothers who were helping their husbands in the field were not counted as
working parents since only one of them will be paid and the mother will only be
allocating the income. In furtherance, there were respondents who knew their family’s
income were 5, 000 pesos and below per month. These respondents have their parents
working as a laborer with a daily wage. Nonetheless, eighty four respondents (49%) have
two to three siblings studying while 29% have four to six.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Table 2. Socio-economic profile of the respondents
PROFILE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Age
15-20
128
74
21-27
46
26
Total
174 100
Gender
Male
75
43
Female
99
57
Total
174 100
Years of residency
1-3
114
66
4-6
60
34
Total
174 100
Ethnic Affiliation
Cordilleran
164
94
Non-cordilleran
10 6
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Total
174 100
Table 2. Continued…
PROFILE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Working parent/s
Both
31 18
Mother
5 3
Father
138
79
Total 174 100
Sibling studying
0-1
39
22
2-3
84
49
4-6
51
29
Total 174
100
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Awareness of the Respondents
Table 3 presents the awareness of the respondents on the OSA services before and
after reading the information material. Before, 123 respondents (71%) were aware of the
OSA units but after exposed to the information material, awareness of the respondents
increased to 91%. During the preliminary conduct of the study, 45 Agriculture students
(26%) admitted that they are not aware of the OSA services. However, it declined by
18% at the later part. From the results drawn, it implies that there is significant change in
the awareness level of the respondents regarding OSA services as affected by a
guidebook. Meanwhile, two respondents remained confidential on their awareness
regarding the OSA services even after reading the guidebook.
In terms of the level of significance, Chi-square test showed significance in both
1% and 5% level of confidence and in fact, V-Cramers test state that respondents’ change
of awareness level was contributed by the distributed guidebook.
Table 3. Level of awareness of the respondents on OSA services before and after
reading the information material
AWARENESS LEVEL BEFORE READING
AFTER READING__
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Aware
123
71
159
91
Not aware
45
26
13
8
No answer
6
3
2
1
Total
174 100
174
100
X - 24.25**
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Perception of the Respondents on OSA Services
Before and After Reading the Information
Material
Table 4 shows the over-all perception of the respondents on OSA services before
and after reading the guidebook. Fifty seven respondents (33%) had the notion that OSA
services such as scholarship, housing, counseling, testing, and student development are
supporting student first policy of the University and additional 23 respondents believed
after reading the guidebook.
During the pre-test, 51 respondents (29%) were found to be not aware of the
OSA services and it follows with their perception. However, it decreased by 21% after
reading the guidebook. These were respondents who never bother reading the material
and reasoned out that they are exhausted from their past subjects. Nonetheless, thirty
respondents (17%) had the notion that these services are helpful in the studies especially
the counseling and scholarships. In connection, respondents support the idea that socio-
economically underprivileged but deserving students should be given opportunities to go
to school. The number of respondents who favor this statement increased by 6% after
reading the guidebook. Also, 21% of the respondents viewed that OSA services are
beneficial but not fully implemented. The result implies that the transparencies of its
implementation were known only to some students.
Table 4. Perception of the respondents towards OSA services before and after reading the
information material
PERCEPTION* BEFORE READING AFTER READING
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Supports student-first policy 57
33
83
41
Helpful to my studies
30
17
46
23
Beneficial but not implemented 36
21
56 28
No idea, since I’m not aware 51
29
15
8
TOTAL 174 100 200 100
*multiple response
Correlation of Socio-Economic Profile and Respondents’
Awareness Before Reading the Information Material
Table 5 presents the correlation of age, gender, years of residency, and ethnic
affiliation to their awareness. In terms of chronological age, older students with age
ranging from 21-27, regardless of years of residency in BSU, were found to be more
aware than those who belonged to the age bracket of 15-20 years old. Females were more
aware than male, same with the fourth year and Non-cordilleran.
In terms of significance, socio-economic profiles of the respondents have no
relation to their awareness regarding OSA services before reading the information
material. Using the Chi-square test, it revealed that the awareness level of the respondents
who belonged to 21-27 years old have no significant difference with those who were
under the age bracket of 15-20. Same results were gathered in the respondents’ gender,
years of residency, and ethnic affiliation. Though the raw data showed differences in
numbers, statistical analysis showed no importance.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Table 5. Correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their awareness on OSA
services before reading the information material
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AWARE NOT AWARE NO ANSWER
PROFILE
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Age
15-20
88
69
36 28
4 3
21-27
35
76
9 20
2 4
X – 1.36
Table 5. Continued…
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AWARE NOT AWARE NO ANSWER
PROFILE
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Gender
Male 49
65.3
22 29.3
4 5.3
Female
74
75
23 23
2 2
X – 2.51
Years of Residency
1-3
80
70
32 28
2 2
4-6
43
72
13 22 4 6
X – 11.51
Ethnic Affiliation
Cordilleran 114 70
44 27
6 4
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Non-cordilleran 9
90
1 10
X – 1.96
Correlation of Socio-Economic Profile and Respondents’
Awareness After Reading the Information Material
After reading the information material, respondents’ awareness showed changes
in Table 6. Respondents who were under the age bracket of 15-20 increased awareness
by 22%. Moreover, those who were unconcerned about the OSA services decreased to
2%. The same results were also found out in the respondents’ gender, years of residency,
and ethnic affiliation. Among 174 respondents who are residing in the University for at
least four years, their awareness level increased by 50% and 42% to the lower years. All
non-Cordilleran (10) respondents became aware of OSA services while awareness of the
Cordilleran (149) respondents increased to 91%.
In terms of significance, only gender showed significant relation in changing the
respondents’ awareness.
Furthermore, the comparison of respondents’ gender to awareness before and
after reading the information material showed significant relationship. In effect, V-
Cramers showed that both males and females change of awareness produced a medium
effect. The result expressed that the gender factor affects the awareness level of the
respondents. It is because, psychologically speaking, physical and physiological needs
lead to psychological differences.
Moreover, findings revealed that respondents belonged to age bracket 21-27 years
old were more aware than those under the age bracket of 15-20 years old. However,
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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using the chi-square test, the change of awareness among younger respondents, before
and after reading the guidebook, was significant. Since most of the older respondents
stayed in the University for longer years, they are also more informed than the others
regarding the OSA services. Moreover, there is significant change of the awareness level
among respondents belonged to age bracket 15-20 years old.
Similarly, Cordilleran students’ change of awareness towards OSA services
resulted significance and the level of its significance, based on V-Cramers, has a medium
effect. Cordilleran students’ changes of awareness level about OSA services were found
significant. This states that the guidebook used were more appealing to the Cordilleran
respondents than the Non-cordilleran.
Table 6. Correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their awareness on OSA
services after reading the information material
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AWARE NOT AWARE NO ANSWER
PROFILE
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Age
15-20 116
91
10 8
2 2
21-27
43
93
3 7
X – 0.82
Gender
Male 65
87
10 13
Female
94
95
3 3
2
2
X – 7.90*
Years of Residency
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
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1-3
103
90
9 8
2 2
4-6
56
93
4 7
X – 3.9
Ethnic Affiliation
Cordilleran 149
91
13
8
2
1
Non-Cordilleran 10 100
X- 1.96
Correlation of Socio-Economic Profile and Respondents’
Perception Before and After Reading the Information
Material
Table 7 showed the correlation of the respondents’ socio-economic profile and
perception regarding OSA services before and after reading the information material.
Respondents belonged to age bracket 15-20 years old viewed OSA services as
helpful (19%) and beneficial but not fully implemented (21%) and older students agreed
that this program is student-centered (37%). Moreover, males perceived that OSA
services are program that supports student welfare. Same results were gathered on
respondents residing in BSU for four to six years and are Cordilleran. Though large
number of respondents answered no idea during the pre-test, a big decline of answers
with no idea occurred in the post test. It implied that respondents’ perception changes
when influenced by an information material pertaining to a certain issue. Respondents
answered multiple responses in the later part.
After reading the guidebook, most of the respondents characterized as 15-20 years
old, females, residing in BSU for 4-6 years and Cordilleran perceived that those services
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
21
are pro-students. Meanwhile, the rest of the respondents doubted its performance since it
is not apparent to them.
Table 7a. Correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their perception on OSA
services before reading the information material
PERCEPTION A B C D
NUMBER % NUMBER % NUMBER % NUMBER %
Age
15-20
40
31
24 19
27 21
37 29
21-27
17 37
6 13
9
20
14 30
Gender
Male
32
43
16 21
4
5
23 31
Female
25
26
14 14 32
32
28 28
Years of residency
1-3
34
30
25 22 21
18
30 26
4-6
23
38
5 8 15
25
21 35
Ethnic Affiliation
Cordillera
55
34
26 16 34
21
49 30
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Non-cordillera 2
2
4 4 2
2
2 2
Legend:
A – Supports student-first policy of the University
B – Helpful to my studies
C – Beneficial but not fully implemented
D – No idea, since I’m not aware of the OSA services
Table 7b. Correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their perception on OSA
services after reading the information material
PERCEPTION A B C D
NUMBER % NUMBER % NUMBER % NUMBER %
Age
15-20
64
43
36 24 37
25
11 7
21-27
19
37
10 19 19
37
4 7
Gender
Male
32
35.5 20 22.2
29
32.2 9 10
Female
51
46
26 24 27
24.5 6 5
Years of Residency
1-3
58
43
38 28
30
22
10 7
4-6
25
39
8 12.5
26
41
5 8
Ethnic Affiliation
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Cordillera
80
44
36 20 53
29
14 8
Non Cordillera 3
19
9 56 3
19
1 1
*multiple responses
Legend:
A – Supports student-first policy of the University
B – Helpful to my studies
C – Beneficial but not fully implemented
D – No idea, since I’m not aware of the OSA services
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
24
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study was conducted to determine the awareness and perception of the
respondents toward OSA services among CA students. Furthermore, this study sought to
characterize the respondents’ socio -economic profile and to find out if the socio-
economic profiles of the respondents have an effect on their awareness and perception.
Also, this study aims to determine the awareness of the respondents before and after
reading the information material, and to determine changes in the perception of the
respondents.
Survey questionnaire was used in gathering the data. Frequency distribution and
percentage were used in analyzing the data. Chi-square and V-Cramers were used in the
correlation of respondents profile and awareness before and after reading the guidebook.
However, the correlation of perception to respondents’ perception was interpreted only
with the percentage since the data gathered were multiple responses.
Among the 174 respondents, 118 or 68% were taking up BSA, female
(57%), and under the age range of 15-20 years old (74%). Majorities were
Cordilleran (94%) and most respondents were residing in the University for one
to three years (66%). The head of the family were mostly (79%) responsible
working for the family needs, with a monthly salary of 5, 000 pesos and below.
Out of 174 respondents, 49% have two to three siblings studying.
In terms of awareness, majority of the respondents became aware (91%)
on OSA services after reading the guidebook and perceived that those services
support student first policy (41%). The material used provided significant
changes in the awareness of the respondents regarding the OSA services.
In the correlation of respondents’ gender, the V-Cramers revealed
significant effect in the change of their awareness level. Similar results were
found out in the cases of respondents’ under the age bracket of 15-20 and
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
25
Cordilleran. With regards to the effectiveness of the information material, the
guidebook was found out to be informative.
Furthermore, most of the respondents viewed that OSA services are pro-
students even before and after reading the guidebook. However, some of the
respondents discern that these are not fully implemented though these were
seen as helpful.
On the correlation of socio-economic profile with the respondents’
awareness, before reading the information material, Chi-square test showed no
significant relation. However after reading the information material, respondents’
gender only revealed significance in changing their level of awareness.
In terms of correlation with socio-economic profile and perception of the
respondents, gathered responses were interrelated. In terms of age and gender
of the respondents, majorities believed that OSA services support student-first
policy. With regards to years of residency, higher years observed that these are
not fully implemented however; Non-Cordilleran agreed that these services are
helpful to studies.
Conclusions
Based on the result of the study, the researcher came up with the
following conclusions:
1. Majorities of the respondents were BSA, females, Cordilleran, staying
in
BSU for one to three years and under the age bracket of 15-20 years
old;
2. Most of the respondents became aware of the OSA services and
agreed that these support student-first policy, helpful to studies and
beneficial but not
fully implemented;
3. The information material used was effective in increasing the
awareness level and influencing the perception of the respondents;
4. Based on Chi-square test, gender, age bracket of 15-20, and are
Cordilleran
were the sub factors that affected respondents’
awareness level about the OSA services; and
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
26
5. Respondents who stayed for longer years in the University observed
that OSA services were not fully implemented.
Recommendations
1. Since an information material was found out to be an effective tool,
OSA should develop one that will be distributed to the students during
freshmen
orientation; and
2. Majority of the respondents believed that these services support
student
first policy. If only implemented, it will be beneficial to the
students’
studies. Therefore, the university administration should
define to the BSU studentry and staff the structure of the student-first
policy since most of them have inadequate knowledge on the student
services though they think it is helpful.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
27
LITERATURE CITED
AWAS, F. Y. 2005. Perspective of residents in Brgy. Paco, Lepanto regarding mining
act of 1995 as influenced by different message treatment. BS Thesis. Benguet
State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
BARNHART, C. and R. K. BARNHART 1989. The World Book Dictionary.
World
Book, Inc. United States of America.
GARLAND, P. H. 1986. Association for the study of higher education. ERIC
Clearinghouse on Higher Education. Washington, D.C.
OSA BULLETIN INFORMATION. 1991. Leaflets of guidance services and residence
halls. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet.
PANONOT, M. A. 2006. Level of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of backyard
swine raisers on the FMD information campaign in Tuba, Benguet. BS Thesis.
Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet.
SIDCHOGAN, C. B. 2006. Effects of different framed information education and
communication materials to the residents of Brgy. Twinpeaks, Tuba regarding the
rights to Ancestral Domains and Lands of the Indigenous People’s Rights Act:
a comparative analysis. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet.
WIKIPEDIA. 2006. Philippines. Retrieved August 10, 2006 from http://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/perception.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
28
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Survey Questionnaire
Pre - Test
Please supply the needed information and write it in the blanks provided for your
answers. The researcher assured that this information will be kept confidential. Thank
you for your cooperation.
I. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE
Name (optional): ______________________________
Age: _______
Gender: _____________
Year and course: _________
(College) Years of residency in BSU: ___________
Province: __________________
Mother’s occupation: ________________
Father’s occupation: _________________
Number of sibling studying ___________(brothers and sisters except yourself)
II.PERCEPTION & ATTITUDE
1. Are you aware of OSA services offered in the University? (If no and I don’t care
proceed to number 3.)
________yes
_____no
________not so much
_____I don’t care
2. If yes and not so much, what are the OSA services you are familiar with?
a. ________________
d. ________________
b. _______________
e. ________________
c. ________________
3. How do these services appear to you?
___________ Program of the University that support student-first policy
_________helpful especially to my studies
__________ can be beneficial but not fully implemented
__________no idea, since I’m not aware of those services
4. What are the OSA services you already availed?
________________________________
_____________________________
________________________________
_____________________________
________________________________
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
29
Post Test
After reading the guidebook of OSA services
1. Are you become more aware of OSA services offered in the University?
________yes
_____no
________not so much
_____I don’t care
2. How do these services appear to you?
___________ Program of the University that support student-first policy
__________helpful especially to my studies
__________ can be beneficial but not fully implemented
__________no idea, since I’m not aware of those services
3. Through the IEC material you read, are you more informed about the OSA
services?
______________YES
_________________NO
4. What are the OSA services you want to avail now?
________________________________
_____________________________
________________________________
_____________________________
________________________________
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
PONCIANO, MYLEN B. MAY 2007. Awareness and Perception of CA Students
Toward OSA Services as Affected by a Guidebook. Benguet State University, La
Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Filmore Y. Awas, BSc
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to determine the awareness and perception of CA
students toward OSA services as affected by a guidebook. The study sought to
characterize the socio-economic profile of the respondents, their awareness and
perception toward OSA services including effectiveness of the material, the correlation of
respondents’ socio-economic profile to their awareness and perception.
One hundred seventy four Agriculture students were the respondents of this study.
Survey questionnaire was used in gathering the data. Percentage, frequency distribution,
chi-square test and V-Cramers were used in analyzing the data.
The findings revealed that most of the respondents were BSA and most were
residing in BSU for four years. Majorities were female, under the age bracket of 15-20
years old, and Cordilleran. Most families have their father as the sole provider for their
needs. Most of the respondents have two to three siblings studying.
After reading the information material, awareness level of the respondents
increased. Most of the respondents perceived that OSA services supports student first
policy, may be beneficial but not fully implemented, and can be helpful to studies.
Moreover, the number of respondents who agrees on those statements increased
after reading the information material.
On the correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their awareness on
OSA services before reading the information material, results showed no significant
relationship. Meanwhile, after the respondents read the information material, their level
of awareness in terms of gender revealed significant relationship.
With regards to the correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their
perception towards OSA services before and after reading the guidebook showed that
regardless of age and gender, respondents have the same perception that OSA services
are pro-student. In terms of years of residency, higher years observed that those services
are not effectively implemented however; Non-Cordilleran respondents believed that
these services are helpful to studies.
Researcher recommends that the concerned office should produce information
material to be given to the students during orientation; Administration should check if its
‘student-first policy’, is properly implemented.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography..................…………………………………………………….……… i
Abstract …………....………………………………………………………………… i
Table of Contents …… ...…………………………………………………………... iii
INTRODUCTION
Rationale …………..………………………………………………………… 1
Statement of the Problem
……………………………………………… 3
Objectives of the Study
……………………………………………… 3
Importance of the Study
……………………………………………… 4
Scope and Limitation of the Study ……………………………………… 4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Student Personnel Services ………………………………………………… 5
Perception …………...……………………………………………………… 6
Importance of Information, Education, Communication Material ………… 6
Statement of the Hypothesis ………………………………………….… … 7
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study …………….………………………………… 8
Respondents of the Study …..…..………………………………………… 8
Data Collection ….. ..……..……………………………………………… 10
Date Gathered …..………………………………………………………… 10
Data Analysis ………….……..…………………………………………… 10
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio-Economic Profile of the Respondents ..…….………………..……... 11
Awareness of the Respondents Towards OSA Services ..………………… 13
Perception of the Respondents Towards OSA Services …………………… 14
Correlation of Profile to Awareness Towards OSA
Services Before Reading the Information Material…..…………………... 16
Correlation of Profile to Awareness Towards OSA
Services After Reading the Information Material…..…………………... … 17
Correlation of Profile to Perception Towards OSA
Services Before and After Reading the
Information Material .………….………………………………………….. 20
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary ……………………………………..………………………….… 23
Conclusions ………………………………….………………………….… 24
Recommendations …..…………………………………….…………….… 25
LITERATURE CITED …………………………………………….……………… 26
APPENDICES
Appendix A. Survey Questionnaire ……………………………………... 27
Appendix B. Information Material of BSU-OSA………………………… 29
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
The present time is significant for the evolution of student affairs. There has been
an effort in improving quality of life integrating new student groups, attracting and
retaining students in attempt to maintain enrolments of qualified students, assure
placement of graduates, develop supportive alumni, and enhance academic involvement.
One of the reasons is that the minority participation in education is growing,
vocationalism is increasing, and student’s characteristics, values, and needs are changing
(Garland, 1986).
Student Personnel Services (SPS) are those activities and areas of school that are
concerned in helping the individual to become an upright resourceful and productive
citizen in the society. In the University, President Rogelio Colting imposed ‘Student
First Policy’ as he took office. The policy focuses on the welfare of the students for the
University to produce globally competitive graduates. According to a Mountain
Collegian article authored by Annie Ruth Wallang, the concentration of the policy is on
improvement of student services such as housing, library, security, and others.
Administration also supported more scholarships, trainings, conferences, and other
opportunities.
On the other hand, student services supervised by the Office of Student Affairs
attributed to the goal of University because they are based on student development
theories.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
2
Thus,
students’
awareness
about these services should be considered and treated
as the focal point of guidance program.
The Office of the Student Affairs (OSA) envisions the office to be the center of
student development for quality and globally competitive graduates. It also exists to
facilitate human growth through delivery of quality Student Personnel Development
services and relevant programs responsive to emerging needs of its clientele. Thus, the
BSU-OSA aims to achieve student learning, personal development and success.
In Benguet State University, the OSA services/units include Housing services,
Testing and Materials Development Office (TMDO), Student Financial Aid Office
(SFAO), Guidance and Counseling Office, and Student Development Office (SDO).
Housing services provides activities that ensure the development of positive
attitudes and values of its residents; TMDO delivers testing services through the
preparation, administration, scoring, and interpretation of psychological tests for specific
purposes; while SFAO facilitates provision of scholarships, grants, and other forms of
assistance to the less socio-economically privileged and academically competent
students.
The guidance clinic provides welfare assistance to students on matters related to
personal, social, academic, psychological, emotional, and career concerns. SDO screens,
accredits, recognizes, supervises, and evaluates all student organizations and their
activities (BSU-OSA).
These student services greatly aid the growth of an individual. Although there
were leaflets produced, still, many students do not have copies. Information material
disseminated should reach its intended beneficiaries for the success of the program.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
3
Hence, it is important to find out if the guidance function of the University really serve its
purpose according to the knowledge of the students and consider the effectiveness of
information dissemination done to reach its audience.
As recommended in the study of Awas (2005), in any printed material, objective
presentation of the messages should be done since it has been proven that it affects the
decision of the respondents.
Statement of the Problem
Some students have knowledge about the student services. However, there is a
need to know their perception about the student services.
Specifically, this study sought to answer the following:
1. What are the socio-economic profiles of the respondents?
2. Are the respondents aware of the OSA services?
3. What are the perceptions of the respondents towards OSA services?
4. Do the socio-economic profiles of the respondents affect their awareness
and perception towards the OSA services?
Objectives of the Study
To know the perceived understanding of students upon exposure to the
information material on student services, this study aims to:
1. characterize the respondents;
2. determine if the respondents are aware of OSA services;
3. determine the perception of the respondents towards OSA services; and
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
4
4. determine if the socio-economic profiles of the respondents affect their
awareness and perception on OSA services
Importance of the Study
The College of Agriculture is the Center of Excellence in Agriculture. Its students
should be provided with fulfillment on their needs such as counseling, scholarship,
personality evaluation, security, academic facilities, and others. The need to study the
perceptions of the students will then assess the effectiveness of the guidance program of
the University.
The information material can be a baseline of guidance program in creating an
updated material.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study focused on the perception of the respondents regarding the OSA
services offered by the University and the impact of the information material to the
respondents’ understanding.
The study limits its scope to student services such as Housing, Testing and
Material Development, Student Financial Assistance, Guidance and Counseling, and
Student Development.
The information material developed contains the compiled and updated
information regarding the student services. It was floated to 174 students of the College.
Researcher did not explore more on the possible frames or different treatment of
the information material that can be used in the study.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
5
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Student Personnel Services
In Greenville County School, the Student Personnel Services Department
provides courteous and supportive assistance to students, parents, and school personnel to
promote student achievement and facilitate personnel growth.
Assistance is available in the areas of attendances, social work, health services,
intervention services, homebound, home schooling and discipline. Aside from that, they
provide liaison with law enforcement agencies and communities in school.
Moreover, the critical need for Student Personnel Services moved the student
affairs organizations to improve the quality of life, integrate new student groups, and
attract and retain students. It became critical to institutions attempting to maintain
enrollment of qualified students, assure placement of graduates, develop supportive
alumni, and enhance academic involvement.
Meanwhile, creating an environment conducive to student learning is the major
goal of District Five in United States. Their Office of Student Personnel Services
establishes and supervises a district-wide system of student behavioral expectations - a
system designed to eliminate problem that prevents or interferes with the student’s
learning.
Furthermore, countryside studies in 1991 projected that Philippine government
and universities supported numerous scholarship programs to low-income families to
have an access on education. For instance is the University of the Philippines. With what
they call ‘socialized tuition’ plan, students from higher income families were asked to
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
6
pay higher fees and those students who belonged to low-income families were eligible for
at least free tuition plus a living allowance.
Perception
Perception is the process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting, and organizing
sensory information. The methods of studying perception range from essentially
biological or physiological approaches. It is through psychological approaches to the
often abstract ‘thought-experiments’ of mental philosophy (Wikipedia, 2006).
According to Myers (1983) as cited by Panonot (2006), perceptions refer
to how an individual understand the objects and events.
Importance of an Information, Education Communication Materials
The essentials of an IEC (Anonymous 2002 as cited by Awas 2005) states that
effective information materials are not only needed to have an appropriate context in
which they are shaped, but it is crucial that services be prepared to respond to any
demand that may be created. The influence of underlying social, cultural, economic, and
environmental conditions and identifying/promotion specific behaviors are also taken
into consideration in the IEC objectives. Usually, behaviors are affected by many factors
including the most urgent needs of the target population and the risks people perceive in
continuing their behavior or in changing to different behaviors.
Moreover, Sidchogan (2006) stated that an organization based in South India, the
Nalamdana, used innovative IEC materials on HIV/AIDS, Maternal/Child Health and a
variety of other health and social issues to provoke thought and rouses action and
discussion among its audience in regards to health awareness.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
7
Likewise, the Alliance of Cervical Cancer Protection, an organization who
responds to community needs, created IEC strategies to raise awareness about cervical
cancer prevention among women and their communities.
Thus, IEC material must go along with the audience’s capabilities. Their
participation with ‘what should’ a campaign material contain is a great factor in making
an IEC effective and acceptable to them (Sidchogan, 2006).
Statement of the Hypothesis
1. The information material will provide additional knowledge to the
respondents concerning the OSA services.
2. There will be a significant correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile
to their awareness and perception about student services.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
8
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
This study was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Benguet State University.
CA was chosen because it has the biggest population and said to be the oldest college in
the University.
Moreover, Accrediting Agency of Colleges and Universities of the Philippines
(AACUP) qualified and accredited BSA program as qualified for level III.
The college offers four courses namely: Bachelor of Science in Agriculture,
Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness, Bachelor of Science in Development
Communication, and Diploma in Agro-forestry.
Furthermore, the study was conducted from February to March 2007.
Respondents of the Study
Respondents of the study are the students enrolled in the College of Agriculture
for the school year 2006-2007. One hundred seventy four respondents were selected.
Table 1. Degree programs of the respondents
DEGREE PROGRAM FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
(n) (%)
DAF 1 0.6
BSDC
24
14
BSAB
31
18
BSA
118
68
TOTAL 174 100
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
10
Figure 1. Map of Benguet showing the locale of the study
Data Collection
Survey questionnaire was used in gathering the data needed. Data were gathered
in one setting. Pretest was given first then the respondents were asked to stop answering
and were instructed to read the information material for the post test.
Data Gathered
The study included gathering the socio-economic profile of the respondents to
determine their characteristics that may affect their awareness.
The respondents’ awareness and perception of CA students toward OSA services
before and after reading the material were also gathered.
Furthermore, this study looked into the effectiveness of the information material
used.
The information material developed is a guidebook measuring 8.27” x 5.85” and
uses bond paper. The researcher compiled pertinent information about the BSU-OSA.
Data Analysis
The collected data were consolidated and were analyzed according to the
objectives of the study. The data were interpreted using descriptive analysis such as
percentages, frequencies, chi-square test and V-Cramers. On the correlation of
respondents’ profile to their awareness regarding the OSA services, Chi –square and V-
Cramers were used. However, on the correlation of perception and respondents’ profile,
percentage was used since answers given were multiple responses.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
11
Profile of the Respondents
Table 2 shows the respondents’ socio-economic profile in terms of course, age,
gender, years of residency in the university, ethnic affiliation, and the respondents’
number of siblings who are studying.
Seventy four percent (74%) of the respondents belonged to the age range of 15-20
years old. Ninety-nine respondents (57%) were female while 75 were male (43%).
There were 60 students (34%) residing in BSU for at least four years and the rest
were not yet exceeding the regular years of residency.
Of the 174 respondents, 94% of them were Cordilleran, mostly came from
Benguet and Mountain Province while 10 respondents (6%) were Non-cordilleran.
Among the respondents, 138 of them have their father as the sole provider for the
family. Meanwhile, only five respondents (3%) claimed that their mother was the sole
provider for they are widows. Some of these single parents were teachers, OFWs, traders
and farmers. Mothers who were helping their husbands in the field were not counted as
working parents since only one of them will be paid and the mother will only be
allocating the income. In furtherance, there were respondents who knew their family’s
income were 5, 000 pesos and below per month. These respondents have their parents
working as a laborer with a daily wage. Nonetheless, eighty four respondents (49%) have
two to three siblings studying while 29% have four to six.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
12
Table 2. Socio-economic profile of the respondents
PROFILE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Age
15-20
128
74
21-27
46
26
Total
174 100
Gender
Male
75
43
Female
99
57
Total
174 100
Years of residency
1-3
114
66
4-6
60
34
Total
174 100
Ethnic Affiliation
Cordilleran
164
94
Non-cordilleran
10 6
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
13
Total
174 100
Table 2. Continued…
PROFILE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Working parent/s
Both
31 18
Mother
5 3
Father
138
79
Total 174 100
Sibling studying
0-1
39
22
2-3
84
49
4-6
51
29
Total 174
100
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
14
Awareness of the Respondents
Table 3 presents the awareness of the respondents on the OSA services before and
after reading the information material. Before, 123 respondents (71%) were aware of the
OSA units but after exposed to the information material, awareness of the respondents
increased to 91%. During the preliminary conduct of the study, 45 Agriculture students
(26%) admitted that they are not aware of the OSA services. However, it declined by
18% at the later part. From the results drawn, it implies that there is significant change in
the awareness level of the respondents regarding OSA services as affected by a
guidebook. Meanwhile, two respondents remained confidential on their awareness
regarding the OSA services even after reading the guidebook.
In terms of the level of significance, Chi-square test showed significance in both
1% and 5% level of confidence and in fact, V-Cramers test state that respondents’ change
of awareness level was contributed by the distributed guidebook.
Table 3. Level of awareness of the respondents on OSA services before and after
reading the information material
AWARENESS LEVEL BEFORE READING
AFTER READING__
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Aware
123
71
159
91
Not aware
45
26
13
8
No answer
6
3
2
1
Total
174 100
174
100
X - 24.25**
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
15
Perception of the Respondents on OSA Services
Before and After Reading the Information
Material
Table 4 shows the over-all perception of the respondents on OSA services before
and after reading the guidebook. Fifty seven respondents (33%) had the notion that OSA
services such as scholarship, housing, counseling, testing, and student development are
supporting student first policy of the University and additional 23 respondents believed
after reading the guidebook.
During the pre-test, 51 respondents (29%) were found to be not aware of the
OSA services and it follows with their perception. However, it decreased by 21% after
reading the guidebook. These were respondents who never bother reading the material
and reasoned out that they are exhausted from their past subjects. Nonetheless, thirty
respondents (17%) had the notion that these services are helpful in the studies especially
the counseling and scholarships. In connection, respondents support the idea that socio-
economically underprivileged but deserving students should be given opportunities to go
to school. The number of respondents who favor this statement increased by 6% after
reading the guidebook. Also, 21% of the respondents viewed that OSA services are
beneficial but not fully implemented. The result implies that the transparencies of its
implementation were known only to some students.
Table 4. Perception of the respondents towards OSA services before and after reading the
information material
PERCEPTION* BEFORE READING AFTER READING
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
16
Supports student-first policy 57
33
83
41
Helpful to my studies
30
17
46
23
Beneficial but not implemented 36
21
56 28
No idea, since I’m not aware 51
29
15
8
TOTAL 174 100 200 100
*multiple response
Correlation of Socio-Economic Profile and Respondents’
Awareness Before Reading the Information Material
Table 5 presents the correlation of age, gender, years of residency, and ethnic
affiliation to their awareness. In terms of chronological age, older students with age
ranging from 21-27, regardless of years of residency in BSU, were found to be more
aware than those who belonged to the age bracket of 15-20 years old. Females were more
aware than male, same with the fourth year and Non-cordilleran.
In terms of significance, socio-economic profiles of the respondents have no
relation to their awareness regarding OSA services before reading the information
material. Using the Chi-square test, it revealed that the awareness level of the respondents
who belonged to 21-27 years old have no significant difference with those who were
under the age bracket of 15-20. Same results were gathered in the respondents’ gender,
years of residency, and ethnic affiliation. Though the raw data showed differences in
numbers, statistical analysis showed no importance.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
17
Table 5. Correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their awareness on OSA
services before reading the information material
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AWARE NOT AWARE NO ANSWER
PROFILE
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Age
15-20
88
69
36 28
4 3
21-27
35
76
9 20
2 4
X – 1.36
Table 5. Continued…
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AWARE NOT AWARE NO ANSWER
PROFILE
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Gender
Male 49
65.3
22 29.3
4 5.3
Female
74
75
23 23
2 2
X – 2.51
Years of Residency
1-3
80
70
32 28
2 2
4-6
43
72
13 22 4 6
X – 11.51
Ethnic Affiliation
Cordilleran 114 70
44 27
6 4
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Non-cordilleran 9
90
1 10
X – 1.96
Correlation of Socio-Economic Profile and Respondents’
Awareness After Reading the Information Material
After reading the information material, respondents’ awareness showed changes
in Table 6. Respondents who were under the age bracket of 15-20 increased awareness
by 22%. Moreover, those who were unconcerned about the OSA services decreased to
2%. The same results were also found out in the respondents’ gender, years of residency,
and ethnic affiliation. Among 174 respondents who are residing in the University for at
least four years, their awareness level increased by 50% and 42% to the lower years. All
non-Cordilleran (10) respondents became aware of OSA services while awareness of the
Cordilleran (149) respondents increased to 91%.
In terms of significance, only gender showed significant relation in changing the
respondents’ awareness.
Furthermore, the comparison of respondents’ gender to awareness before and
after reading the information material showed significant relationship. In effect, V-
Cramers showed that both males and females change of awareness produced a medium
effect. The result expressed that the gender factor affects the awareness level of the
respondents. It is because, psychologically speaking, physical and physiological needs
lead to psychological differences.
Moreover, findings revealed that respondents belonged to age bracket 21-27 years
old were more aware than those under the age bracket of 15-20 years old. However,
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
19
using the chi-square test, the change of awareness among younger respondents, before
and after reading the guidebook, was significant. Since most of the older respondents
stayed in the University for longer years, they are also more informed than the others
regarding the OSA services. Moreover, there is significant change of the awareness level
among respondents belonged to age bracket 15-20 years old.
Similarly, Cordilleran students’ change of awareness towards OSA services
resulted significance and the level of its significance, based on V-Cramers, has a medium
effect. Cordilleran students’ changes of awareness level about OSA services were found
significant. This states that the guidebook used were more appealing to the Cordilleran
respondents than the Non-cordilleran.
Table 6. Correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their awareness on OSA
services after reading the information material
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AWARE NOT AWARE NO ANSWER
PROFILE
NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Age
15-20 116
91
10 8
2 2
21-27
43
93
3 7
X – 0.82
Gender
Male 65
87
10 13
Female
94
95
3 3
2
2
X – 7.90*
Years of Residency
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
20
1-3
103
90
9 8
2 2
4-6
56
93
4 7
X – 3.9
Ethnic Affiliation
Cordilleran 149
91
13
8
2
1
Non-Cordilleran 10 100
X- 1.96
Correlation of Socio-Economic Profile and Respondents’
Perception Before and After Reading the Information
Material
Table 7 showed the correlation of the respondents’ socio-economic profile and
perception regarding OSA services before and after reading the information material.
Respondents belonged to age bracket 15-20 years old viewed OSA services as
helpful (19%) and beneficial but not fully implemented (21%) and older students agreed
that this program is student-centered (37%). Moreover, males perceived that OSA
services are program that supports student welfare. Same results were gathered on
respondents residing in BSU for four to six years and are Cordilleran. Though large
number of respondents answered no idea during the pre-test, a big decline of answers
with no idea occurred in the post test. It implied that respondents’ perception changes
when influenced by an information material pertaining to a certain issue. Respondents
answered multiple responses in the later part.
After reading the guidebook, most of the respondents characterized as 15-20 years
old, females, residing in BSU for 4-6 years and Cordilleran perceived that those services
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
21
are pro-students. Meanwhile, the rest of the respondents doubted its performance since it
is not apparent to them.
Table 7a. Correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their perception on OSA
services before reading the information material
PERCEPTION A B C D
NUMBER % NUMBER % NUMBER % NUMBER %
Age
15-20
40
31
24 19
27 21
37 29
21-27
17 37
6 13
9
20
14 30
Gender
Male
32
43
16 21
4
5
23 31
Female
25
26
14 14 32
32
28 28
Years of residency
1-3
34
30
25 22 21
18
30 26
4-6
23
38
5 8 15
25
21 35
Ethnic Affiliation
Cordillera
55
34
26 16 34
21
49 30
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Non-cordillera 2
2
4 4 2
2
2 2
Legend:
A – Supports student-first policy of the University
B – Helpful to my studies
C – Beneficial but not fully implemented
D – No idea, since I’m not aware of the OSA services
Table 7b. Correlation of respondents’ socio-economic profile to their perception on OSA
services after reading the information material
PERCEPTION A B C D
NUMBER % NUMBER % NUMBER % NUMBER %
Age
15-20
64
43
36 24 37
25
11 7
21-27
19
37
10 19 19
37
4 7
Gender
Male
32
35.5 20 22.2
29
32.2 9 10
Female
51
46
26 24 27
24.5 6 5
Years of Residency
1-3
58
43
38 28
30
22
10 7
4-6
25
39
8 12.5
26
41
5 8
Ethnic Affiliation
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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Cordillera
80
44
36 20 53
29
14 8
Non Cordillera 3
19
9 56 3
19
1 1
*multiple responses
Legend:
A – Supports student-first policy of the University
B – Helpful to my studies
C – Beneficial but not fully implemented
D – No idea, since I’m not aware of the OSA services
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study was conducted to determine the awareness and perception of the
respondents toward OSA services among CA students. Furthermore, this study sought to
characterize the respondents’ socio -economic profile and to find out if the socio-
economic profiles of the respondents have an effect on their awareness and perception.
Also, this study aims to determine the awareness of the respondents before and after
reading the information material, and to determine changes in the perception of the
respondents.
Survey questionnaire was used in gathering the data. Frequency distribution and
percentage were used in analyzing the data. Chi-square and V-Cramers were used in the
correlation of respondents profile and awareness before and after reading the guidebook.
However, the correlation of perception to respondents’ perception was interpreted only
with the percentage since the data gathered were multiple responses.
Among the 174 respondents, 118 or 68% were taking up BSA, female
(57%), and under the age range of 15-20 years old (74%). Majorities were
Cordilleran (94%) and most respondents were residing in the University for one
to three years (66%). The head of the family were mostly (79%) responsible
working for the family needs, with a monthly salary of 5, 000 pesos and below.
Out of 174 respondents, 49% have two to three siblings studying.
In terms of awareness, majority of the respondents became aware (91%)
on OSA services after reading the guidebook and perceived that those services
support student first policy (41%). The material used provided significant
changes in the awareness of the respondents regarding the OSA services.
In the correlation of respondents’ gender, the V-Cramers revealed
significant effect in the change of their awareness level. Similar results were
found out in the cases of respondents’ under the age bracket of 15-20 and
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
25
Cordilleran. With regards to the effectiveness of the information material, the
guidebook was found out to be informative.
Furthermore, most of the respondents viewed that OSA services are pro-
students even before and after reading the guidebook. However, some of the
respondents discern that these are not fully implemented though these were
seen as helpful.
On the correlation of socio-economic profile with the respondents’
awareness, before reading the information material, Chi-square test showed no
significant relation. However after reading the information material, respondents’
gender only revealed significance in changing their level of awareness.
In terms of correlation with socio-economic profile and perception of the
respondents, gathered responses were interrelated. In terms of age and gender
of the respondents, majorities believed that OSA services support student-first
policy. With regards to years of residency, higher years observed that these are
not fully implemented however; Non-Cordilleran agreed that these services are
helpful to studies.
Conclusions
Based on the result of the study, the researcher came up with the
following conclusions:
1. Majorities of the respondents were BSA, females, Cordilleran, staying
in
BSU for one to three years and under the age bracket of 15-20 years
old;
2. Most of the respondents became aware of the OSA services and
agreed that these support student-first policy, helpful to studies and
beneficial but not
fully implemented;
3. The information material used was effective in increasing the
awareness level and influencing the perception of the respondents;
4. Based on Chi-square test, gender, age bracket of 15-20, and are
Cordilleran
were the sub factors that affected respondents’
awareness level about the OSA services; and
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
26
5. Respondents who stayed for longer years in the University observed
that OSA services were not fully implemented.
Recommendations
1. Since an information material was found out to be an effective tool,
OSA should develop one that will be distributed to the students during
freshmen
orientation; and
2. Majority of the respondents believed that these services support
student
first policy. If only implemented, it will be beneficial to the
students’
studies. Therefore, the university administration should
define to the BSU studentry and staff the structure of the student-first
policy since most of them have inadequate knowledge on the student
services though they think it is helpful.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
27
LITERATURE CITED
AWAS, F. Y. 2005. Perspective of residents in Brgy. Paco, Lepanto regarding mining
act of 1995 as influenced by different message treatment. BS Thesis. Benguet
State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
BARNHART, C. and R. K. BARNHART 1989. The World Book Dictionary.
World
Book, Inc. United States of America.
GARLAND, P. H. 1986. Association for the study of higher education. ERIC
Clearinghouse on Higher Education. Washington, D.C.
OSA BULLETIN INFORMATION. 1991. Leaflets of guidance services and residence
halls. Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet.
PANONOT, M. A. 2006. Level of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of backyard
swine raisers on the FMD information campaign in Tuba, Benguet. BS Thesis.
Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet.
SIDCHOGAN, C. B. 2006. Effects of different framed information education and
communication materials to the residents of Brgy. Twinpeaks, Tuba regarding the
rights to Ancestral Domains and Lands of the Indigenous People’s Rights Act:
a comparative analysis. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet.
WIKIPEDIA. 2006. Philippines. Retrieved August 10, 2006 from http://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/perception.
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
28
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Survey Questionnaire
Pre - Test
Please supply the needed information and write it in the blanks provided for your
answers. The researcher assured that this information will be kept confidential. Thank
you for your cooperation.
I. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE
Name (optional): ______________________________
Age: _______
Gender: _____________
Year and course: _________
(College) Years of residency in BSU: ___________
Province: __________________
Mother’s occupation: ________________
Father’s occupation: _________________
Number of sibling studying ___________(brothers and sisters except yourself)
II.PERCEPTION & ATTITUDE
1. Are you aware of OSA services offered in the University? (If no and I don’t care
proceed to number 3.)
________yes
_____no
________not so much
_____I don’t care
2. If yes and not so much, what are the OSA services you are familiar with?
a. ________________
d. ________________
b. _______________
e. ________________
c. ________________
3. How do these services appear to you?
___________ Program of the University that support student-first policy
_________helpful especially to my studies
__________ can be beneficial but not fully implemented
__________no idea, since I’m not aware of those services
4. What are the OSA services you already availed?
________________________________
_____________________________
________________________________
_____________________________
________________________________
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
29
Post Test
After reading the guidebook of OSA services
1. Are you become more aware of OSA services offered in the University?
________yes
_____no
________not so much
_____I don’t care
2. How do these services appear to you?
___________ Program of the University that support student-first policy
__________helpful especially to my studies
__________ can be beneficial but not fully implemented
__________no idea, since I’m not aware of those services
3. Through the IEC material you read, are you more informed about the OSA
services?
______________YES
_________________NO
4. What are the OSA services you want to avail now?
________________________________
_____________________________
________________________________
_____________________________
________________________________
Awareness and Perception of CA Students Toward OSA Services as Affected
by a Guidebook / MYLEN B. PONCIANO. 2007
Document Outline
- Awareness and Perception of CA StudentsToward OSA Services as Affected by a Guidebook
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- METHODOLOGY
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- LITERATURE CITED