BIBLIOGRAPHY BALINSOY. EDDIE G. APRIL 2009....

BIBLIOGRAPHY
BALINSOY. EDDIE G. APRIL 2009. Variety Performance Trial of Chinese
Cabbage Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition, Benguet State University, La Trinidad,
Benguet.
Adviser: Percival B. Alipit, PhD
ABSTRACT

A study on the performance of Chinese cabbage varieties, namely: Green Cool,
Taibyo Nozomi, Vigor 60, CR-Jinshim F1, CR-Nongsaim F1, Summer Star F1, and Blues
F1 was undertaken under La Trinidad, Benguet.

Results revealed that Blues F1 significantly had the highest average head weight
of 1.088g and marketable yield at 60.975 t/ha and had the longest shelf-life of 40 days
under room condition at an average temperature of 13° C.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Brassica rapa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Cultivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Soil Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Fertility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Maturity /Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Varieties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
MATERIALS AND METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Days to Heading and Percentage Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Head Size and Average Head Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Marketable, Non-marketable,
Total and Computed Marketable Yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Head weight as to Compactness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
ii

Other Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Shelf-life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

iii

INTRODUCTION

Chinese cabbage is considered by Larkcom (2004) as among the trickiest
vegetables to grow. They can develop at a phenomenal rate but they demand the best
growing conditions. They are superb, healthy looking plants but susceptible to pests.
While Dimsey and Barton (1997) stated that Chinese cabbage is not a true cabbage but
belongs to the mustard group. It originated in China as a cross between pack choi and
turnip. It is a fast growing vegetable that is in demand for export and for domestic
market. It is considered as the most consumed vegetable in China and a major vegetable
crop in Japan.

Generally grown Chinese cabbage is like large lettuces or cabbages but with a
crisp watery texture and mustard-like taste. Both round and elongated varieties have
solid hearts; open leafy varieties has broad stalks, and the self blanching variety “
Eskimo” looks like a large endive with a white heart. They can be eaten either raw or
cooked (Phillips and Rix, 1993).

Ware and Collum (1980) noted that Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis or
pekinensis ) is more closely related to Mustard than cabbage. It is variously called Choy,
Chihili, Michili, Wong Bok, and popularly known as celery cabbage, although it is
unrelated to celery.
According to Magallona as cited by an anonymous author (1981) Chinese
cabbage is only a minor crop in the Philippines, which is generally over shadowed by
common cabbage that is also grown in the high elevation areas. Its close relative, petsai
(B. campestris ssp. chinensis) is widely grown both in the high and low elevation areas.

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

2
Several varieties of Chinese cabbage are grown in the locality but their yield performance
need to be evaluated.

Chinese cabbage is mainly cultivated in the highland areas where the low
temperatures are favorable. The common cabbage (B. oleracea L var capitata L. ) is the
predominant crucifer and the production data of Chinese cabbage is often lump together
with the common cabbage. In Northern Luzon, Benguet is the main area for Chinese
cabbage production that supplies urban centers in the country, especially Metro Manila
and other cities and provinces.

Benguet is one of the major producers of vegetables in the country but due to lack
of information, farmers fail to select appropriate varieties that are high yielding, disease
and insect resistant, and adapted to seasonal environment stresses.

The study aimed to evaluate the yield performance of the different Chinese
cabbage varieties and determine the Chinese cabbage variety/varieties that perform well
under La Trinidad, Benguet condition.

The study was conducted in Balili Experiment Farm, Benguet State University
from October to February 2008.

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Brassica rapa

Childers et al, (1950) stated that Chinese cabbage can be transplanted like head
cabbage but excellent results have been obtained by planting the seed directly in the field
then later thinned to one good plant at 10 to 12 cm. They should be kept growing rapidly
by a side dressing of nitrogen or complete fertilizer. The heads are harvested when solid
and from 6 to 8” across. Chinese cabbage is one of the easiest and most productive
vegetables grown in the tropics. Where the greens, celery and head cabbage are scarce,
Chinese cabbage is popularly used as chopped salads for those accustomed to eating leafy
vegetables. It can be grown all year, but it forms the largest and best quality heads during
cool season and forms loose heads during dry season.

Cultivation

The use of hydrosorb (0.5 kg) as a pretreatment of Chinese cabbage seedlings
before transplanting can increase percentage survival and a 2 day irrigation interval is
economical (Gurung, 1991).

Varieties grown as young greens or small flowering plants are easy to cultivate
which require only ample water, rich soil and warm temperature. They do well at high
temperatures. The large heading Chinese cabbage with a dense, white crunchy heart
(Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) is more difficult to grow well. They grow best in
cooler temperatures. Ample water and rich soil is the key to successful cultivation. Seeds
are best sown singly in pots or sown in situ and thinned to 30 cm apart and they become
tough and drought-resistant as ordinary cabbage. Harvest may be from forty-five days
Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

4
onwards, according to the variety and temperature. ‘Spring A-I’, are bolt-resistant and
suitable for spring sowing in cool climates (Phillips and Rix, 1993).

Climate
Chinese cabbage vary in temperature requirements but all varieties are prone to
bolting (going to seed) when expose to low temperature (Dimsey and Barton, 1997).

Temperature
Chinese cabbage thrives best during the cooler periods of the growing season.
Although the optimal temperature range of Chinese cabbage development is between 13
and 15 °C, certain cultivars tolerate the higher temperatures of midseason providing there
is ample soil moisture (Shattuck and Shelp, 1986).

Soil Type
Chinese cabbage is grown on a wide range of soil types from sandy soils to heavy
textured looms. However it prefers deep, rich, well-drained soils and high in organic
matter soil. Drainage is important because Chinese cabbage is susceptible to root rots and
raised beds should be used particularly on heavier soil type. On lighter soils irrigation
management is critical due to their shallow root system and the need to avoid moisture
stress. Soil pH in the range of 5.5 or if the disease clubroot is a problem, a pH of around
7.0 is more desirable (Demsey and Barton, 1997).

Fertility
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can either be broadcast or be incorporated,
or side-banded. A general recommendation would be 60 to 100 kg/ ha (54 to 89 lbs/ac) of
Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

5
nitrogen, 150 to 180 kg/ha (133 to 160 lbs/ac) of phosphorus and 170 to 200 kg/ha (152
to 178 lbs/ac) of potassium. Reduce the phosphorus recommendation to 1/5 if side banded
and potassium to ½ if side banded. Nutrient deficient cabbage crops exhibit obvious
symptom of the stress except for slow growth. Excessive nitrogen application should be
avoided because it can lead to splitting of the head. Calcium and boron are important
nutrients. Additional boron may need to be added to avoid decay and hollowing of the
pith (core) and calcium may be needed to avoid tip burn (Anonymous, 2005).

Maturity/Heading

Based on head compactness, a compact head can be only slightly compressed
with moderate hand pressure. While a very loose head is immature, and a very firm head
is mature. The head weight of heading Chinese cabbage is closely correlated with the
total number of differentiated leaves, the development of which is about three times more
rapid than in non-heading Chinese cabbage. Wrapper leaves supply carbohydrates to the
head and induce head formation posture just before the onset of heading and maintains it
during the course of head development. Erect leaf posture, the leaf shape and the leaf area
large enough to adopt an enclosing configuration are all necessary for head formation.
Leaf movement during head formation is controlled by terminal bud, hormone balance
and ratio of carbohydrate to nitrogenous compounds. After the establishment of head
formation posture different cultivars develop head which fall into one of the three types:
cup, bottle or ball (Anonymous, 1981).

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

6
Types

Larkcom (2004) noted that the sturdy compact ‘barrel-headed’ type display a
leaves with striking network of prominent white veins radiating from a thick, succulent
midrib. Taller, looser-heady cylindrical type is an elegant plant. Both look impressive
grown in groups. Easier to grow and giving a softer, light colored impression are the
loosed headed types. There is an enormous range within this group, but among the
pretties are the so-called ‘fluffy top’ types. Here the plant forms an upright rosette of
crinkled leaves, the outer leaves are light green but the inner leaves are a lovely buttery-
cream. Hence, one of the old Chinese names ‘Yellow cabbage’.

Varieties

As seedling crops they have a fluffier look than most pak chois, but they grow off
their creamy centers appearing as large plants in bold groups. The variety ‘Ruffles’ is
fairly bolt resistant and can be sown in late spring for a mid summer crop. The words
‘Shantung’ and ‘Santo’ in oriental varieties indicate the loose headed types (Larkcom,
2004).

Dimsey and Barton (1997) stated that the Michihili (rocket) is elongated in shape,
and Wong Bok is short and ovate. Both are grown for export and domestic market.
Rocket types are susceptible to bolting than Wong Bok.

Borja (1985) stated that the Danish variety (Granat) has the most superior
performance of the Chinese cabbage following the AVRDC cultural practice.

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The materials used were seeds of different varieties of Chinese cabbage,
processed chicken manure, 14-14-14, 46-0-0, pesticides, knapsack sprayer, weighing
scale, and farm tools.

Experimental Design and Treatments

The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)
with four replications. The treatments were as follows;
Code
Cultivar
Source/Distributor

V1
Green Cool
Takii & Co. LTD.

V2
Taibyo Nozomi Kaneko seeds Co. Ltd.

V3 Vigor 60 Takii & Co. Ltd.

V4 CR-Jinshim F1 S&G Syngenta Seeds Ltd.
V5 CR-Nongsaim F1
S&G Syngenta Seeds Ltd.
V6 Summer Star F1 S&G Syngenta Seeds Ltd.
V7
Blues F1 Takii & Co. Ltd.

Land Preparation and Planting

An area of 140 sq. m. was thoroughly prepared having 1m x 5m treatments plots.
Seeds were sown at a distance of 30 cm x 30 cm. After seedling establishment, thinning
was done to retain one plant per hill.

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

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Cultural Management
The recommended cultural practices in Chinese cabbage production in fertilizer
application, irrigation, cultivation, and pest control were uniformly imposed to all
treatment plants.

Data Gathered

The data gathered and subjected to variance of analysis and mean separation test
by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) were as follows:
1. Days to heading. The number of days from sowing to 50 % of the plants has
formed heads.
2. Percentage of heading. The number of plants that successfully formed heads
was recorded and percentage was computed using the formula:
Number of Plants that Formed heads
Percentage of heading= _____________________________ x 100%
Number of Plants per Plot
3. Equatorial diameter of heads (cm). This was measured at the mid-section of
sample heads.
4. Polar diameter of heads (cm). This was measured from the base to the tip of
sample heads.
5. Average weight of head (kg). This was obtained using the formula:
Total Yield per Plot (kg)
Average weight =

Number of Harvested Heads per Plot
6. Marketable yield per plot (kg). This was the weight of all heads without
defects which could be sold in the market.
Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

9
7. Non-marketable yield per plot (kg). This was the weight of heads with defects
which could not be sold in the market.
8. Total yield (kg). This was the weight of marketable and non-marketable heads.
9. Computed marketable yield (t/ha). The marketable yield per plot was
multiplied by 2,000 to obtain the yield per hectare.
10. Compactness rating. Compactness was rated subjectively using the rating guide
below.
Scale Description

1
No Head Formation

2
Loose

3
Slightly Compact

4 Compact

5
Very Compact
11. Other observations. All the entries were observed for other characteristics such as
color and shape of heads. Photos were taken for observations that cannot be quantified.
12. Shelf-life. Sample heads per treatment were taken just after harvesting for post-
harvest evaluation. The number of days from display to the day the heads were still fit for
consumption was recorded.

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Days to Heading and Percentage Heading

Among the varieties, CR-Jinshim F1, CR-Nongsaim F1, and Blues F1 significantly
were the earliest to form heads at 77 days from sowing the seed, while Green Cool,
Taibyo Nozomi, Vigor 60 and Summer Star F1 required more days to form heads at 87
days (Table 1)
In Table 1, Blues F1, Summer Star F1, Green Cool and CR-Nongsaim F1 had
significantly higher percentage of heading ranging from 89 to 94.

Table 1. Days to heading and percentage heading
MEAN
______________________________________________
VARIETY DAYS TO HEADING PERCENTAGE HEADING
________________________________________________________________________
Green cool 87.00a 89.321abc
Taibyo Nozomi 87.00a 84.107c
Vigor 60 87.00a 85.084c
CR-Jinshim F1 76.75b 86.607bc
CR-Nongsaim 77.00b 88.643abc
Summer Star F1 87.00a 92.857ab
Blues F1 77.00b 93.750a

Means followed by a common letter are not significantly different at 0.05 by DMRT

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

11
Head Size and Average Head Weight

The widest equatorial diameter of heads measured from Summer Star F1 was
comparable to that of Green Cool and Taibyo Nozomi but were significantly wider than
those of the other cultivars as shown in Table 2.
On the other hand, polar diameter of heads did not differ among the varieties
evaluated (Table 2).

Blues F1 developed significantly heavier heads at an average of 1.088g. (Table 2).

Table 2. Equatorial and polar diameter of heads and average head weight
MEAN
_________________________________________________________
VARIETY EQUATORIAL POLAR DIAMETER AVERAGE HEAD WEIGHT
(cm) (cm) (g)
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 10.175ab 28.932a 0.873b
Taibyo Nozomi 9.400ab 26.432a 0.705c
Vigor 60 8.232c 28.600a 0.768c
CR-Jinshim F1 6.275d 25.832a 0.853b
CR-Nongsaim F1 6.500d 24.500a 0.740c
Summer Star F1 10.700a 25.668a 0.735c
Blues F1 7.832c 28.582a 1.088a
Means followed by a common letter are not significantly different at 0.05 by DMRT

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

12
Marketable, Non-marketable, Total, and Computed Marketable Yield

Table 3 shows that marketable yield was significantly greater in Blues F1 at
30.487 kg per 1x5m plot.

There were no significant differences among the varieties with regards to non-
marketable yield as shown in Table 3.

Total yield was significantly higher in Blues F1 at 30.612 kg per 1x 5m plot.
Among the varieties evaluated, Blues F1 had significantly the highest computed
yield at 60.975 t/ ha having the heaviest average head weight.

Table 3. Marketable, non-marketable, total, and computed marketable yield
YIELD (Kg/5 m2 plot)
______________________________________
NON- TOTAL COMPUTED
VARIETY MARKETABLE MARKETABLE YIELD MARKETABLE YIELD
(t/ha)

Green Cool 24.407b 0.150a 24.557b 48.815a
Taibyo Nozomi 19.675c 0.375a 20.050c 39.353c
Vigor 60 21.525c 0.250a 21.775c 43.050c
CR-Jinshim F1 23.925b 0.788a 24.713b 47.850b
CR-Nongsaim F1 20.750c 0.750a 20.825c 41.500c
Summer Star F1 20.625c 0.500a 21.125c 41.250c
Blues F1 30.487a 1.250a 31.737a 60.975a
Means followed by a common letter are not significantly different at 0.05 by DMRT

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

13
Head Weight as to Compactness
Among the varieties tested, there were no significant differences on the weight of
heads that did not form heads, weight of heads with loose and compact heads, while
Taibyo Nozomi, Vigor 60 and CR-Nongsaim F1 had significantly higher weights of
slightly compact heads. Very compact heads were significantly greater in Summer Star F1
and Blues F1 as shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Weight of heads according to compactness

MEAN (kg)
____________________________________________________________
NO HEAD SLIGHTLY VERY
VARIETY FORMED LOOSE COMPACT COMPACT COMPACT
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 0.75a 0.75a 1.00c 6.00a 19.00b
Taibyo Nozomi 0.00a 0.00a 3.25a 5.75a 18.00c
Vigor 60 0.50a 0.75a 3.25a 5.75a 18.00c
CR-Jinshim F1 0.00a 1.25a 1.00c 7.00a 17.25c
CR-Nongsaim F1 0.50a 1.00a 3.00ab 6.50a 18.25c
Summer Star F1 0.00a 0.00a 1.25bc 4.25a 21.75a
Blues F1 0.00a 0.75a 0.25c 5.25a 21.00ab
Means followed by a common letter are not significantly different at 0.05 by DMRT

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

14
Other Observations
Varieties Green Cool, CR- Jinshim F1 and CR-Nongsaim F1 were dark green in
color, had medium head size and elongated heads. On the other hand, varieties Vigor 60,
Summer Star F1, and Taibyo Nozomi had greenish color and large size heads.
Furthermore, Vigor 60 was the tallest while Blues F1 had the biggest head size and light
green in color.

Shelf-life

Shelf life was longest in Blues F1 and CR-Jinshim F1 at 40 days while Green Cool
and Summer Star F1 had the shortest shelf-life at 17 days under room condition at an
average temperature of 13° C as shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Shelf–life
VARIETY MEAN
(Days)
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 17
Taibyo Nozomi 25
Vigor 60 25
CR-Jinshim F1 40
CR-Nongsaim F1 36
Summer Star F1 17
Blues F1 40
Means followed by a common letter are not significantly different at 0.05 by DMRT

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

15

A B

C D E

F G H
Figure 1. Sample treatment plants: (A) Over view of the experimental field, (B) Green
Cool, (C) Taibyo Nozomi, (D) Vigor 60, (E) CR-Jinshim F1, (F) CR-Nongsaim
F1, (G) Summer Star F1 and (H) Blues F1

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

16

A B

C D

E F

G
Figure 2. Harvested heads: (A) Green Cool, (B) Taibyo Nozomi, (C) Vigor 60, (D) CR-
Jinshim F1, (E) CR-Nongsaim F1, (F) Summer Star F1, and (G) Blues F1

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

17

A B

C D

E F

G
Figure 3. Equatorial diameter of heads (A) Green Cool, (B) Taibyo Nozomi, (C) Vigor
60, (D) CR-Jinshim F1, (E) CR-Nongsaim F1, (F) Summer Star F1 and (G) Blues
F1

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

18

A B

C D

E F

G
Figure 4. Polar diameter of heads: (A) Green Cool, (B) Taibyo Nozomi, (C) Vigor 60,
(D) CR-Jinshim F1, (E) CR-Nongsaim F1, (F) Summer Star F1 and (G) Blues F1

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

19

A B

C D

E F

G
Figure 5. Shelf-life: (A) Green Cool, (B) Taibyo Nozomi, (C) Vigor 60, (D) CR-Jinshim
F1, (E) CR-Nongsaim F1, (F) Summer Star F1 and (G) Blues F1

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

The study was conducted to evaluate the yield performance of seven (7) Chinese
cabbage cultivars under La Trinidad, Benguet condition from October to January 2008.

Results show that Blues F1, Summer Star F1, CR-Nongsaim F1, and Green Cool
had significantly the highest percentage of heading. In terms of head size, Summer Star
F1 significantly had the widest equatorial diameter.

Average head weight, marketable, total, and computed marketable yield at 60.975
t/ha were significantly higher in Blues F1. Moreover, the said variety had very compact
heads and longer shelf-life of 40 days under room condition with an average temperature
of 13° C.

Conclusion

Based on the results, Blues F1 outyielded the other varieties. Aside from having
high yield, it has very compact heads and longer shelf-life.

Recommendation

In terms of having high yield and large heads, Chinese cabbage ‘Blues F1’ is
recommended to be grown under La Trinidad, Benguet condition.

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

LITERATURE CITED

ANONYMOUS. 1981. Chinese Cabbage. Proceedings of the first International
Symposium. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Shanhua
Tainan, Taiwan.

ANONYMOUS. 1992. The Highland Agriculture R and D Highlights. Published by the
Highland Development Project (HADP) Guisad, Baguio City.

ANONYMOUS. 2005. Cabbage Production in Saskatchewan, Canada. Retrieved August
2007 from www.Agr.govskca.

BORJA, F. S. 1985. Varietal Performance of Chinese Cabbage Using AVRDC and Local
Highland Cultural Practices. MS thesis, Mountain State Agricultural College La
Trinidad, Benguet.

CHILDERS, F., H. F. WITERS, P. S. ROBLES, and H. PLANK. 1950. Vegetable
Gardening in the Tropics. Federal Experiment in Puerto Rico of the United States.
Department of Agriculture Mayaguez, Puerto Rico.

DIMSEY, R. and N. BARTON. 1997. Growing Chinese Cabbage. Retrieved August
2007 from Dp.vc gov.au.

GURUNG, C. R. 1991. Growth and Yield Performance of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica
pekinensis Rupr.) as Affected by Hydrosorb and Irrigation. MS Thesis, Benguet
State University La Trinidad, Benguet.

LARKOM, J. 2004. Creative Vegetable Gardening. New Edition. Octopus Publishing
Group Limited 2-1 Heron Quays, London [14 4JP].

PHILLIPS, R. and M. RIX. 1993. Vegetable. Over 650 vegetables in superb colour. The
Pan Garden Plant Series.

Shattuck, V. and B. Shelp. 1986. Chinese Cabbage Production in Southern Ontario.
Retrieved August 2007 from www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops /facts/
cabbage.htm

WARE, G. W. and J.P. MC COLLUM. 1980. Producing Vegetable Crops. Third edition.
Interstate Printers and publishers, inc.
Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

APPENDICES

APPENDIX TABLE 1. Days to heading
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 87 87 87 87 348 87.00
Taibyo Nozomi 87 87 87 87 348 87.00
Vigor 60 87 87 87 87 348 87.00
CR-Jinshim F1 76 77 77 77 307 76.75
CR-Nongsaim F1 77 77 77 77 308 77.00
Summer Star F1 87 87 87 87 348 87.00
Blues F1 77 77 77 77 308 77.00

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 0.107 0.036
Factor a 6 697.357 116.226 3254.33** 2.66 0.04
Error 18 0.643 0.036
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 698.107
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 4.89%
Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

23
APPENDIX TABLE 2. Percentage heading
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 89.286 89.286 92.857 92.857 364.286 91.072
Taibyo Nozomi 92.857 85.714 82.143 85.714 346.428 86.607
Vigor 60 85.714 85.714 82.143 85.714 339.285 84.821
CR-Jinshim F1 85.714 92.857 89.286 78.571 346.428 88.393
CR-Nongsaim F1 85.714 89.286 92.857 85.714 353.571 88.393
Summer Star F1 96.429 85.714 100 89.286 371.429 92.857
Blues F1 96.429 92.857 92.857 92.857 375 93.750

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 44.684 14.895
Factor a 6 326.751 54.459 2.89* 2.66 4.01
Error 18 338.678 18.815
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27
* = Significant Coefficient of variation = 4.89%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

24
APPENDIX TABLE 3. Equatorial diameter of heads (cm)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 9.2 10.8 10.4 10.3 40.70 10.13
Taibyo Nozomi 9.7 9.5 9 9.4 37.60 9.40
Vigor 60 8.3 8.4 8 8.23 32.93 8.23
CR-Jinshim F1 6 6.4 6.5 6.2 25.10 6.20
CR-Nongsaim F1 6 6.5 7 6.5 26.00 6.50
Summer Star F1 10.6 11.8 9.7 10.7 42.80 10.70
Blues F1 7 7.5 9 7.83 31.33 7.83

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 1.255 0.418
Factor a 6 71.609 11.935 38.82** 2.66 4.01
Error 18 0.307
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 78.397
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 6.57%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

25
APPENDIX TABLE 4. Polar diameter of heads (cm)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 27 30 29.8 28.93 115.73 28.93
Taibyo Nozomi 25 27 27.3 26.43 105.73 26.43
Vigor 60 28.5 29 28.3 28.6 114.4 28.60
CR-Jinshim F1 26.5 25.5 25.5 25.83 103.33 25.83
CR-Nongsaim F1 22.5 26 25 24.5 98 24.50
Summer Star F1 27.3 24.5 25.2 25.67 102.67 25.67
Blues F1 27 27 28 32.33 114.33 27.33

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 24.751 8.250
Factor a 6 73.921 12.320 1.73ns 2.66 4.01
Error 18 128.468 7.137
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 227.139
ns = not significant Coefficient of variation = 9.92 %

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

26
APPENDIX TABLE 5. Average weight of heads (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 0.91 0.81 0.94 0.83 3.49 0.87
Taibyo Nozomi 0.61 0.7 0.72 0.79 2.82 0.71
Vigor 60 0.71 0.79 0.85 0.72 3.07 0.77
CR-Jinshim F1 0.8 0.86 0.89 0.86 3.41 0.85
CR-Nongsaim F1 0.77 0.73 0.82 0 .64 2.96 0.74
Summer Star F1 0.79 0.77 0.74 0.64 2.94 0.74
Blues F1 1.02 1.09 1.14 1.1 4.35 1.09

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 19.474 6.491
Factor a 6 0.420 0.070 21.29** 2.66 4.01
Error 18 0.059 0.003
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 0.503
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 6.97%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

27
APPENDIX TABLE 6. Marketable yield per plot (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 25.4 22.73 26.4 23.1 97.63 24.41
Taibyo Nozomi 16.95 19.6 20.15 22 78.7 19.68
Vigor 60 20 22 23.85 20.25 86.1 21.53
CR-Jinshim F1 22.4 24.2 25 24.1 95.7 23.93
CR-Nongsaim F1 21.6 20.5 22.9 18 83 20.75
Summer Star F1 22.3 21.5 20.75 17.95 82.5 20.63
Blues F1 28.5 30.75 31.9 30.8 121.95 30.49

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 19.474 6.491
Factor a 6 331.246 55.208 21.57** 2.66 4.01
Error 18 46.061 2.559
_______________________ ________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 1587.009
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 6.94%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

28
APPENDIX TABLE 7. Non-marketable yield per plot (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 0 0 0 0.6 0.6 0.15
Taibyo Nozomi 0 0.9 0.6 0 1.5 0.38
Vigor 60 0 0 1 0 1 0.25
CR-Jinshim F1 0 0 0 0.3 0.3 0.07
Summer Star F1 0.7 0 1 0.3 2 0.50
Blues F1 0 0.5 0 0 0.5 0.13

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 34.555 11.518
Factor a 6 322.996 53.833 19.28** 2.66 4.01
Error 18 50.266 2.793
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 407.817
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 7.15%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

29
APPENDIX TABLE 8. Total yield per plot (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 25.4 22.73 26.4 23.7 98.23 24.56
Taibyo Nozomi 16.95 20.05 20.75 22 80.2 20.05
Vigor 60 20 22 24.85 20.25 87.1 21.78
CR-Jinshim F1 22.4 24.7 27.65 24.1 98.85 24.71
CR-Nongsaim F1 21.6 20.5 23.2 18 83.3 20.83
Summer Star F1 23 21.5 21.75 18.25 84.5 21.13
Blues F1 28.5 31.25 31.9 30.8 122.45 30.61

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 34.555 11.518
Factor a 6 322.996 53.833 19.28** 2.66 4.01
Error 18 50.266 2.793
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 407.817
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 7.15%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

30
APPENDIX TABLE 9. Computed marketable yield (t/ha)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 50.800 45.460 52.800 46.200 19.5260 48.815
Taibyo Nozomi 33.900 39.200 40.300 44.000 15.7400 39.350
Vigor 60 40.000 44.000 47.700 40.500 17.2200 43.050
CR-Jinshim F1 44.800 48.400 50.000 48.200 19.1400 47.850
CR-Nongsaim F1 43.200 41.000 45.800 36.000 16.6000 41.500
Summer Star F1 44.600 43.000 41.500 35.900 16.5000 41.250
Blues F1 57.000 61.500 63.800 61.600 24.3900 60.975

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 77.951 25.984
Factor a 6 1324.847 220.808 21.58** 2.66 4.01
Error 18 184.210 10.234
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 1587.009
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 6.94%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

31
APPENDIX TABLE 10. No head formation (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 3 0 0 0 3 0.75
Taibyo Nozomi 0 0 0 0 0 0.00
Vigor 60 1 0 1 0 2 0.50
CR-Jinshim F1 0 0 0 0 0 0.00
CR-Nongsaim F1 0 0 0 2 2 0.50
Summer Star F1 0 0 0 0 0 0.00
Blues F1 0 0 0 0 0 0.00

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 1.250 0.417
Factor a 6 2.500 0.417 0.79ns 2.66 4.01
Error 18 9.500 0.528
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 13.250
ns=Not significant Coefficient of variation = 290.59%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

32
APPENDIX TABLE 11. Loose head formation (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 0 3 0 0 3 0.75
Taibyo Nozomi 0 0 0 0 0 0.00
Vigor 60 0 2 0 1 3 0.75
CR-Jinshim F1 4 0 3 2 9 2.25
CR-Nongsaim F1 0 2 0 4 6 1.50
Summer Star F1 0 0 0 0 0 0.00
Blues F1 1 2 0 0 3 0.75

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 1.571 0.524
Factor a 6 5.429 0.905 0.55ns 2.66 4.01
Error 18 29.429 1.635
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 36.429
ns= Not significant Coefficient of variation =198.90%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

33
APPENDIX TABLE 12. Slightly compact head formation (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 0 0 2 2 4 1.00
Taibyo Nozomi 2 4 5 4 15 3.75
Vigor 60 3 2 4 3 12 3.00
CR-Jinshim F1 0 2 0 4 6 1.50
CR-Nongsaim F1 4 3 2 2 11 2.75
Summer Star F1 1 4 0 3 8 2.00
Blues F1 0 0 2 2 4 1.00

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 9.536 3.179
Factor a 6 35.429 5.905 4.13** 2.66 4.01
Error 18 25.714
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 70.679
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 63.14%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

34
APPENDIX TABLE 13. Compact head formation (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 5 6 6 6 24 6.00
Taibyo Nozomi 6 5 7 7 23 5.75
Vigor 60 6 4 6 6 23 5.75
CR-Jinshim F1 8 8 6 6 28 7.00
CR-Nongsaim F1 8 5 8 8 26 6.50
Summer Star F1 5 3 5 5 17 4.25
Blues F1 6 5 4 4 21 5.25

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 3.857 1.286
Factor a 6 18.714 3.119 2.33ns 2.66 4.01
Error 18 24.143 1.341
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 46.714
ns=Not significant Coefficient of variation = 20.02%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

35
APPENDIX TABLE 14. Very compact head formation (kg)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 20 19 19 18 76 19.00
Taibyo Nozomi 18 19 18 17 72 18.00
Vigor 60 18 20 16 18 72 18.00
CR-Jinshim F1 16 18 19 16 69 17.25
CR-Nongsaim F1 16 20 21 16 73 18.25
Summer Star F1 22 20 25 20 87 21.75
Blues F1 21 20 21 22 84 21.00

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 12.107 4.036
Factor a 6 68.714 11.452 4.47** 2.66 4.01
Error 18 46.14 2.563
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 126.964
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 8.417%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

36
APPENDIX TABLE 15. Shelf-life (days)
REPLICATION
_________________________________
VARIETY I II III IV TOTAL MEAN
________________________________________________________________________
Green Cool 17 17 17 16 67 16.75
Taibyo Nozomi 25 25 25 25 100 25.00
Vigor 60 25 25 25 25 100 25.00
CR-Jinshim F1 40 40 40 40 160 40.00
CR-Nongsaim F1 36 36 36 36 144 36.00
Summer Star F1 17 17 17 17 68 17.00
Blues F1 40 40 40 40 160 40.00

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES OF SUM OF MEAN F TABULAR F
VARIATION FREEDOM SQUARE SQUARE VALUE 0.05 0.O4
________________________________________________________________________
Replication 3 0.107 0.036
Factor a 6 2462.214 410.369 11490.33** 3.56 5.09
Error 18 0.643 0.036
________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL 27 2462.964
** = Significant Coefficient of variation = 0.66%

Variety Performance Trial of Chinese Cabbage
Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition /Eddie G. Balinsoy. 2009

Document Outline

Variety Performance Trial of ChineseCabbage Under La Trinidad, Benguet Condition,
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
  - Brassica rapa
  - Cultivation
  - Climate
  - Temperature
  - Soil Type
  - Fertility
  - Maturity/Heading
  - Types
  - Varieties
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
  - Days to Heading and Percentage Heading
  - Head Size and Average Head Weight
  - Marketable, Non-marketable, Total, and Computed Marketable Yield
  - Head Weight as to Compactness
  - Other Observations
  - Shelf-life
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES