BIBLIOGRAPHY YANO, VIONA T. APRIL 2009. Wet...

BIBLIOGRAPHY
YANO, VIONA T. APRIL 2009. Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at
Madaymen, Kibungan. Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Esther Josephine D. Sagalla, MSc
ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to identify the best performing potato entry based on
yield and resistance to late blight during the wet season; identify the potato entries which
are best adapted during the wet season at Madaymen, Kibungan, and to determine the
profitability of growing the different potato entries during the wet season at Madaymen,
Kibungan.
Phil 2.21.6.2 had the highest percent survival, highly vigorous, and produced the
highest number and heaviest weight of marketable and non-marketable tubers.
Furthermore, Phil 2.21.6.2 was resistant to late blight despite the adverse climatic
condition.
Phil 2.21.6.2, however had a negative return on cash expense but may still be
recommended for wet season planting at Madaymen, Kibungan if provided with proper
management practices.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………….. i

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………..
i

Table of Contents ………………………………………………………………….
ii

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………….
1

REVIEW OF LITERATURE………………………………………………………
3

Potato Production in the Philippines…………………………………………….
3

Soil and Temperature Requirement……………………………………………...
4

Principles of Varietal Evaluation………………………………………………..
4

Importance of Varietal Evaluation………………………………………………
5

Varietal Adaptation and Selection……………………………………………….
6

MATERIALS AND METHODS…………………………………………………..
7

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION……………………………………………………
13

Rainfall, Temperature, Relative, Humidity……………………………………..
13

Percent Survival…………………………………………………………………
14

Plant Vigor……………………………………………………………………….
14

Canopy Cover……………………………………………………………………
14

Initial and final plant height……………………………………………………..
17

Reaction to Late blight…………………………………………………………..
18

Reaction to Leaf miner and Bacterial wilt …………………………………….
18

Number and Weight of Marketable

Tubers……………………………………………
19
ii

Number and Weight of Non- marketable

Tubers…………………………………………………………………………..
20

Total Yield and Computed Yield

Per Hectare……………………………………………………………………...
22

Dry Matter Content of Tubers………………………………………………….
23

Return on Cash Expense………………………………………………………...
23

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………………...
26

LITERATURE CITED……………………………………………………………..
28

APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………..
30

iii

INTRODUCTION

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the tuber crops grown in the Philippines

particularly in Benguet and Mountain Province (PCARRD, 1982).
Potato production in these areas has not yet reached its maximum production.
One reason for the low potato production is the lack of potato varieties that are adapted to
the wet season to ensure year-round supply. Potatoes during the wet season are prone to
rotting and low yield. Another reason is the use of potato varieties that are low yielding
and did not undergo the evaluation process. Still other reason might be the early
occurrence of diseases such as late blight and bacterial wilt. These diseases affect the
growth of plants and may lead to unsuccessful production. The unsuitableness of some
potato varieties to their growing environment may also contribute to the low production
(PCARRD, 1982).
In order to have a continuous supply of better quality potatoes, selection of potato
varieties that have shown good yields and resistance to pests and disease during the wet
season should be continuously employed.
Using the right variety ensures a high yield and better quality of produce. Thus,
introduction of different potato varieties that are high yielding, not susceptible to pests
and disease, and maybe grown during the wet season will help the potato growers to
increase their production.
The outcome of this study, will serve as a guide to the farmer in selecting and
growing potato varieties for better production at Madaymen, Kibungan.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

2
The study aimed to:
1. identify the best performing potato entry based on yield and resistance to pests
and disease during the wet season;
2. identify the potato entry that is best adapted during the wet season at
Madaymen, Kibungan; and
3. determine the profitability of growing the different potato entries during the
wet season at Madaymen, Kibungan.
The study was conducted from June to September 2008 at Madaymen, Kibungan,
Benguet.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Potato Production in the Philippines

Potato is one of the major root crops cultivated in Benguet and Mountain
Province. At present potato production has not yet reached the maximum production
(Gayao, ., 1989). In the Philippines, the demand of the potatoes continues to increase
because of the growing population rise in the number of fast food chains, hotels,
restaurants and pre-service of local potato based snack food manufacturers (PCARRD,
1985).

One major problem in potato production is the poor quality of potato varieties
which are low yielding, susceptible to pests and diseases, and not adapted to the locality.
To address this problem research institution look for high yielding varieties, resistant to
pests and diseases, and best adapted under different locations and conditions (PCARRD,
1985). Likewise, according to Ganga, et al.,(1987 ) chemical control with fungicides in
the Philippines ensued because almost all commercial potato cultivars lack sufficient
resistance to late blight.
Tad-awan,
et al., ( 2008), cited that the potato growing area in the Philippines is
represented by a variety of agro-ecological conditions that favors the production of high
value vegetables crops that are globally competitive. It has the unique cool climate
favoring the production of temperate vegetables such as cabbage and potato.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

4
Soil and Temperature Requirement

The environment for growing potatoes markedly affects the yield. Aside from
production technology, the highlands obtained high yields due to favorable temperature.
Simongo, (2007) reported that the major potato production in the Philippines is
concentrated in high elevations with a temperature below 21 oC, which is suitable for
growth and development of quality potato tubers. The potato has wide range of soil
adaptation. For optimum, yields, a deep well drained loam or sandy loam with a soil pH
of 5.5 to 6.0 is required for temperate cultivars, maximum yields are normally obtained
when the average temperature through out the growing season ranges between 15-180 C.
A cool night temperature appears to be more important than a cool daytime temperature.
High temperature during the day reduces yield (PCARRD, 1985).

Principles of Varietal Evaluation
Varietal evaluation is the process in crop breeding programs that provides
comparison developed by the cultivars such as yield, adaptability to different locations,
insect pest’s resistance and growth performance (HARRDEC, 1996).

Rasco and Amante (1990) stated that success in varietal evaluation is ultimately
measured in terms of acceptability of the variety that undergoes evaluation process to
users of the variety. The farmers may initially accept a new variety because it suits his
farming practices and he finds it to be better yielding than his traditional variety but may
stop if he finds out that the traders are not willing to buy it.

Sunil (1990) stated that varietal evaluation is a process in crop breeding which
provides comparison of promising cultivars developed by breeders. Through varietal
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

5
evaluation, the breeder selects the best performing variety among the developed cultivars
in terms of yield, quality, adaptability and resistant to pests and diseases.

Bautista and Mabesa (1977) suggested that cultivars to be selected should be high
yielding, insect pests, disease resistant, and early maturing variety so that growing of
crops entails less expenses and hence ensures more profit. The use of high yielding
varieties is the cheapest means of increasing yield. On the other hand Gonzales, et al.,
(2006) stated that evaluation of advance potato entries should be conducted in three
location or more representing low, mid and high elevation during wet and dry season to
obtain stable growth, yield and processing qualities under varying conditions.

Importance of Varietal Evaluation

High yielding and improved varieties are known to play an important role in
production. Large numbers of indigenous accession of variable plant species and numbers
of cultivars are selected and recommended for multiple production (HARRDEC, 1996).

The importance of varietal evaluation is to observed the performance of
characters and traits of a crop such as yield, adaptability, growth and resistant to pest and
diseases (Work, et al, 1975).

The first decision in planting is to know the best variety that is suited to the
locality. Using the right variety ensures a high yield and better quality of produce. Trial
planting will be done to test new varieties suitable for a certain locality before planting in
a wide scale (HARRDEC, 1996).

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

6
Varietal Adaptation and Selection

Dacwag (1981) stated that climate is the summation of condition which includes
three factors such as temperature, moisture and light. These three factors determine
where, when, and what plant should be planted.

Some varieties of potato are adaptable and thus profitable and other varieties
which are non adaptable to the area’s condition are relatively unprofitable to the farmer’s
need (Bang-as, 1999).

During the 1990s potato producers in Benguet and Mountain Province preferred
the old cultivar because of their resistance to pests (PCARRD, 1982).

Yield is usually the main consideration in selecting cultivars. Many farmers plant
the same cultivars during the next season, if they obtained very high yields in the
previous season.
Cultivars also differ in yield stability over location even within the same general
area. To avoid unexpected yield, cultivars that have been tested over many location and
have shown good yield and disease pests resistant in such trials (PCARRD, 1982).
Furthermore, Ganga, et al., (1987) stated that most of the existing varieties have low
yield and susceptible to late blight, the use of resistant varieties is the best and most
economical control against late blight infection.
Gonzales, et, al., (2006 ) reported that their decade evaluation resulted to the new
released of two potato variety for the highland named: Gloria and Bengueta Patatas,
these were evaluated across location and season, before it was finally recommended.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

7
MATERIALS AND METHODS

Description of the site

Madaymen is located at the northern part of the municipality. It has a land area of
1,260 m2 of which 89 % are devoted to agriculture and 5.36% forests land with an
elevation of more than 2,500 feet above sea level and has topography of mountainous
with inland valleys. The place has a very cold temperature ranging from 10 0C to 160C
during wet season and 20 oC at dry season. Its cold temperature is favorable for
vegetable production such as cabbage, potatoes, radish and other upland vegetable.
(Salacza, 2008).

Field Preparation

An area measuring 135 square meters was cleaned and thoroughly prepared. The
area was divided into three blocks containing eight plots measuring 1 x 5 m2 each to
accommodate the eight potato entries. Chicken manure at the rate of 5 t ha-1 were basally
applied before planting and the recommended rate of T-14 (14-140-140 kg NPK ha-1)
were side dressed 30 days after planting. Crop protection like spraying of fungicides and
pesticides was uniformly employed at 5 days interval. Other cultural practices such as
weeding were also employed as recommended to ensure good growth and yield of the
plants.
The eight entries were acquired at NPRCRTC and were planted at a distance of 25
cm x 30 cm between hills and rows.
The different treatments were replicated three times and laid out in randomized
completely block design (RCBD).
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

8
Treatment

The potato entries evaluated were:
Code
Entry
Locality of Collection
E1
Phil. 2.21.6.2
NPRCRTC
E2
Phil. 5.19.2.2
NPRCRTC
E3
CIP 380241.17
CIP, Peru
E4
CIP 676070
CIP, Peru
E5
CIP 573275
CIP, Peru
E6
Igorota (cv)
NPRCRTC
E7
Ganza (cv)
CIP, Peru
E8
Granola (cv)
CIP, Peru

Data gathered:

1. Meteorological data. Temperature and relative humidity were taken using a
compact hygrometer. Rainfall was taken by placing cans in the field to collect water
when precipitation occurs. The volume of water collected was measured using a beaker
and was recorded by getting the average volume of the water from the cans.
2. Percent survival. This was the number of plants that survived one month after
planting and computed using the formula:
% Survival =
No. of plants survived
X 100
Total number of plants planted

3. Plant vigor. This was taken at 30, 45, and 60 days after planting using the rating scale
of 1 – 5 (CIP, 2004).
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

9
Scale
Description Remarks
1
Plants strong with robust stems and leaves and light Highly vigorous
to dark green

2
Plants are moderately strong with robust stems and Moderately vigorous
leaves are light green in color

3
Better than Vigorous
Vigorous
4
Plants are weak with few thin stems and leaves are Less vigorous
pale

5
Plants are weak with few stems and leaves are very Poor vigor
pale

4. Canopy cover. This was taken at 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after planting (DAP)
using a wooden frame 120 x 60 cm with equally sized 12 x 6 cm grids.
5. Initial and final plant height (cm). Plant height was measured from the base to
the tip of ten sample plants one month after planting and one week before harvesting.
6. Reaction to leaf miner. This was taken at 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after planting
and was rated using the scale of 1 – 5 (CIP, 2001).
Scale Description Remarks
1
Less than 20% of the plants per plot infested
Highly Resistant

2
21-40% of the plants per plot infested
Moderately resistant
3
41-60% of the plants per plot infested
Susceptible
4
61-80% of the plants per plot infested Moderately
susceptible
5
81 – 100% of the plants per plot infested
Very susceptible

7. Reaction to late blight. This was observed and recorded at 30, 45, 60 and 75
days after planting using the CIP scale (Henfling, 1987).
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

10
CIP
Blight (%)

scale

value
Mean limits
Symptoms
1
0

No late blight observable

2
2.5
Traces -< 5
Late blight present. Maximum 10 lesions per
plant

3
10
5 -< 15
Plants look healthy, but lesions are easily seen at
closer distance. Maximum foliage area affected
by lesions or destroyed corresponds to more
than 20 leaflets.

4
25
15 -< 35
Late blight easily seen on most plants. About
25% of foliages is covered with lesions or
destroyed.

5
50
35 -< 65
Plot looks green; however, all plants are
affected. Lower leaves are dead. About half the
foliage area is destroyed.

6
75
65 -< 85
Plots look green with brown flecks. About 75%
of each plant is affected. Leaves of the lower
half of plants are destroyed.
7
90
85 -< 95
Plot neither predominantly green nor brown.
Only top leaves are green. Many stems have
large lesions.

8
97.5
95 -< 100
Plot is brown-colored. A few top leaves still
have some green areas. Most stems have lesions
or are dead.

9
100

All leaves and stems dead.

The description of symptoms is based on plants with 4 stems and 10 to 12 leaves per
stem.

8. Bacterial wilt infection. This was obtained at 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after
planting using the scale 1-5 (CIP, 2001).
Scale Description Remarks
1
No infection
Highly resistant
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

11
2 1-25%
infection
Moderately resistant
3 26-50%
infection
Susceptible
4
51-75% infection Moderately susceptible
5
75-100% infection
Very susceptible

9. Number and weight of marketable tubers plot-1 (kg). All tubers that have
marketable size, not malformed, free from cuts, cracks and without more than 10%
greening of the total surface are counted and weighed at harvest.
10. Number and weight of non-marketable tubers plot-1 (kg.). These were the
tubers that were malformed, damaged by pest and disease, and those with more than 10%
greening.
11. Total yield per plot (kg). The sum of the weight of marketable and non-
marketable tubers were taken.
12. Computed yield (t ha-1). This was computed in hectare basis using the formula:
Yield t ha-1 = Total yield plot-1 x 10, 000/1000
Plot size (m2)
13. Return on Cash Expense (ROCE). This was computed by dividing the net profit
over the total cost of production multiplied by 100.
ROCE = Net profit x 100
Total cost of production

14. Dry matter content of tubers (DMC). Tubers were weighed into 20 g per
sample, sliced into cubes, and oven dried at 80 oC for 48 hours. This was recorded and
computed using the following formula:
% Dry matter content (DMC) = 100% - %MC
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

12
Where:
% Moisture Content (MC) = Fresh weight – Oven dry weight x 100

Fresh Weight

Analysis of data

All quantitative data were analyzed through analysis of variance (ANOVA) for
randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Significance of
difference among the treatment means was tested using the Duncan's Multiple Range
Test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

13
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Rainfall, Temperature and Relative Humidity
Rainfall and relative humidity was high from July to September (Table 1).
Rainfall was highest during the 5th week of July (19.88 L) while relative humidity
reached 100% during the growth of the plants. Temperature was also low ranging from
10 to 150C. These conditions were not favorable for potato growth and development. The
best temperature for potato production is from 170C to 220C and a relative humidity of 87
% (HARRDEC, 1996).
The high temperature and relative humidity favored the widespread of late blight
disease resulting in decrease ground cover and poor vigor of the plants. Low temperature
also caused decline in potato growth and yield.
Table 1. Rainfall, temperature and relative humidity from July to September 2008

WEEK
RAINFALL
TEMPERATURE
RELATIVE
(L)
(0C)
HUMIDITY
(%)
July

Week 1
4.50
15.00
100
Week 2
10.78
15.00
87
Week 3
18.78
11.00
85
Week 4
11.17
10.70
85
Week 5
19.88
10.70
99
August

Week 1
13.93
15.00
98
Week 2
15.45
10.00
100
Week 3
6.81
15.00
88
Week 4
11.51
15.00
100
September

Week 1
9.83
10.30
99
Week 2
11.79
10.00
100
Week 3
10.46
10.50
93
Week 4
11.12
10.00
100

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

14
Percent Survival

Phil. 2.21.6.2 had the highest percent survival while the check variety Ganza had

the lowest survival of 88% (Table 2). This result indicates that most of the entries may
survive the early onset of rainfall. Ganza, on the other hand may not be suitable for
cultivation during the wet season.

Plant Vigor
No significant differences were observed on plant vigor of the potato entries
evaluated (Table 2). All the entries exhibited decreasing vigor from 30 to 60 days after
planting (DAP). Most plants were moderately to highly vigorous at 30 DAP. At 60
DAP, most of the entries had poor vigor except for Phil. 2.21.6.2 which was moderately
vigorous.
This decrease in vigor might be attributed to the high rainfall and relative
humidity of the site. Potatoes are adapted to 87% relative humidity and low rainfall
(HARRDEC, 1996).

Canopy Cover
Canopy cover of the eight potato entries were highly significant (Table 3). A
decreasing canopy cover was observed among the entries from 30 to 75 DAP.
The decreasing trend of the canopy cover maybe due to the heavy rains coupled
with strong winds which caused the high occurrence of late blight in some of the entries
during the conduct of the study.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

15

Table 2. Percentage survival and plant vigor at 30, 45, and 60 DAP of eight potato entries

SURVIVAL
PLANT VIGOR
ENTRY
(%)
DAYS AFTER PLANTING
30 45 60

Phil. 2.21.6.2
100a 5 5 3

Phil. 5.19.2.2
98ab 3 4 1

CIP 380241.17
99ab 4 4 1

CIP 676070
97ab 4 4 1

CIP 573275
98ab 4 4 1

IGOROTA
96ab 4 3 1

GANZA
88b 4 3 2

GRANOLA
99ab 1 4 2

CV (%)
8.86 13.63 22.12
18.77
*Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT.

Rating Scale: 1–very poor; 2– less vigorous; 3–moderately vigorous; 4-vigorous;
5 – Highly vigorous

Generally, Phil. 2.21.6.2 had the widest canopy which might be an indication of
resistance to late blight and adaptability to wet season planting. CIP 380241.17 and CIP
676070 might also be adapted to the wet season.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

16
Table 3. Canopy cover at 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after planting of the eight potato entries
ENTRY
CANOPY COVER
DAYS AFTER PLANTING
30 45
60
75

Phil. 2.21.6.2
34
43
32
29

Phil. 5.19.2.2
30
36
3
4

CIP 380241.17
52
49
13
7

CIP 676070
40
47
10
4

CIP 573275
33
35
1
-

IGOROTA 27 39 6
1

GANZA 34
28 1 -

GRANOLA 33 44 15
-

CV (%)
17.73
22.93
24.31
29.02
*Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT.
- =no canopy cover

Figure 1. Plant stand at 45 DAP
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

17
Initial and Final Plant Height

Highly significant differences were observed on the plant height of the eight
potato entries at 30 and 90 DAP. CIP 380241.17 was the tallest followed by CIP
573275 while the check variety Ganza was the shortest at 30 DAP. (Table 4). CIP
380241.17, Phil. 5.19.2.2 and cvs Ganza and Granola plants did not survive at 90 DAP
due to high late blight incidence. Phil. 2.21.6.2 was the tallest at 90 DAP.
The differences in height might due to their genotypic characteristics or the long
days during the wet season (Sano, 1980).

Table 4. Plant height at 30 and 90 days after planting of the eight potato entries

ENTRY

HEIGHT

Initial Final
(cm) (cm)

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1180.60b
3886.00 a

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1053.50b -

CIP 380241.17
2206.80a -

CIP 676070
1230.30b 920.80b

CIP 573275
1323.30b 253.30cd

IGOROTA 1110.30b 798.70bc

GANZA 420.00c -

GRANOLA 900.20b -

CV (%)
20.14
26.12
*Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT

**Note: Entries with - died at 90 DAP
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

18
Reaction to Late Blight
All the entries were resistant to highly resistant at 30 DAP (Table 5). However,
late blight incidence increased as early as 45 DAP affecting most of the entries except
CIP 2.21.6.2 which remained moderately resistant until 75 DAP. The check varieties
Ganza and Granola including Phil. 5.19.2.2 and CIP 573275 were susceptible to the
disease.
The late blight resistance of Phil. 2.21.6.2 might be attributed to its genetic make-
up and may be by its wide canopy.
Furthermore, the high amount of rainfall, low temperature and high relative
humidity during the evaluation period might have favored the fast development of the
disease. This result corroborates with the result of Ganga et. al. (1989) that late blight is
more prevalent during the wet and cool season.

Reaction to Leaf Miner and Bacterial Wilt

Leaf miner infestation and bacterial wilt infection were not observed during the

evaluation period. This might be due to the heavy rain and low temperature observed

during the conduct of the study.

Bacterial wilt is favored by high temperature (PCARRD, 1982) and temperature
was low (10 to 150C) during the evaluation period. In addition, the planting materials
were disease- free.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

19
Table 5. Late blight incidence at 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAP of the eight potato entries

REACTION TO LATE BLIGHT
ENTRY
DAYS AFTER PLANTING
30
45 60 75

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
2
3
5

Phil.5.19.2.2
2
6
9
9

CIP 380241.17
1
5
6
8

CIP 676070
1
5
7
9

CIP 573275
1
6
8
9

IGOROTA
2
5
7
7

GANZA
1
7
9
9

GRANOLA
1
6
9
9
Rating Scale: 1 –highly resistant; 2 – 3 – resistant; 4 – 5 – moderately resistant
6 – 7 - moderately susceptible; 8 – 9 – susceptible

Number and Weight of Marketable Tubers

Phil. 2.21.6.2 significantly produced the number and heaviest marketable tubers.
The least was produced by Phil. 5.19.2.2 while check variety Ganza had no tubers.

The highest number and heaviest weight of marketable tubers obtained from Phil.
2.21.6.2 (Fig.3) might attributed to its high percentage survival, wide canopy cover, high
vigor, and resistance to late blight.
The low yield of Ganza and Phil. 5.19.2.2 might be due to its susceptibility to late
blight, poor vigor, and adverse environmental conditions such as rainfall and high relative
humidity.
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

20
Table 6. Number and weight of marketable and non-marketable tubers harvested from
the eight potato entries

ENTRY MARKETABLE
TUBERS
NON-MARKETABLER TUBERS
(per 5m2)
(per 5 m2)

NUMBER
WEIGHT
NUMBER
WEIGHT
(kg)
(kg)

Phil. 2.21.6.2
155 a 3.43 a 113a 0.16 a

Phil.5.19.2.2 56bc 1.27bc 10
d 0.01b

CIP380241.17 31bc 2.17b 31c 0.04b

CIP 676070
131b 1.43bc 40bc 0.06b

CIP 573275
44bc 0.80cd 43bc 0.03b

IGOROTA 56bc 1.27bc 45
bc 0.04b

GANZA 0c 0.00d 15d 0.02b

GRANOLA 41bc 0.80cd 49b 0.04b

CV (%)
20.07
10.31
23.70
4.64
*Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT

Number and Weight of Non-marketable Tubers

Phil. 2.21.6.2 significantly produced the highest number and weight of non-
marketable tubers while Phil. 5.19.2.2 had the least number and weight of non-
marketable tubers.
The high number and weight of non-marketable tubers of Phil. 2.21.6.2might be
due to high late blight infection and the adverse climatic conditions during the conduct of
the study.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

21
(a) CIP 676070 (b) Phil. 2.21.6.2

(c) Phil. 5.19.2.2 (d) Igorota (cv)

(e) CIP 380241.17 (f) CIP 573275

(g) Ganza (cv) (h) Granola (cv)

Figure 3. Tubers of the different potato entries

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

22
Total Yield and Computed Yield

Phil. 2.21.6.2 obtained the highest yield per plot and computed yield per hectare
followed by CIP 380241.17. Check variety Ganza produced the lowest yield.
The yield was generally low due to the high late blight incidence, low canopy
cover and poor plant vigor of most entries. These conditions were exacerbated by the
high rainfall and low temperature that occurred during the growing period.

Table 7. Total and computed yield of eight potato entries

YIELD

ENTRY
kg 5 m2 t ha-1

Phil. 2.21.6.2
3.60 a 7.19a

Phil. 5.19.2.2
0.60 cd 1.19cd

CIP 380241.17
2.20b 4.41b

CIP 676070
1.49bc 2.99bc

CIP 573275
0.83cd 1.67cd

IGOROTA 1.31bc 2.62bc

GANZA 0.02d 0.05d

GRANOLA 0.83cd
1.67cd

CV (%)
15.76
12.99

*Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

23
Dry Matter Content of Tubers

CIP 676070, CIP 573275 and Phil.5.19.2.2 had identical tuber dry matter contents
of 18% which is comparable with the dry matter content of the processing variety Igorota
(16%). Low tuber dry matter was recorded from CIP 380241.17 (Table 8 ).
The low dry matter content of tubers might be due to the decreased canopy cover
of the entries evaluated. The necessary assimilates needed by the tubers were not fully
diverted hence, the canopy cover decreased as early as 60 DAP (Simongo, 1992).
Low dry matter content of tubers could also be influence by the wet and cool
season (Beukemia and Vander Zaag, 1979).
The differences in tuber dry matter content of the entries evaluated might be due
to the genotypic characteristics since dry matter is a strongly inherited character
(Rastovski, 1978).

Return on Cash Expense
Return on cash expense obtained from the different entries evaluated were all
negative. The negative return on cash expense may be attributed to the the low yield and
high late blight infection of the different entries. This implies that growing of potatoes
during the wet season at Madaymen Kibungan may not be profitable.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

24
Table 8. Dry matter content of the eight potato entries
ENTRY
DRY MATTER CONTENT
(%)

Phil. 2.21.6.2
15abc

Phil. 5.19.2.2
18a

CIP 380241.17
12c

CIP 676070
18a

CIP 573275
18a

IGOROTA (cv)
16ab

GANZA (cv)
14bc

GRANOLA (cv)
13bc

CV (%)
11.56
*Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

25
Table 9. Return on cash expense of the eight potato entries
ENTRY COST
OF
MARKETABLE
GROSS
NET
ROCE
PRODUC-
TUBERS
SALE
INCOME
(%)
TION (PhP)
(kg/5m2)
(PhP)
(PhP)

Phil. 2.21.6.2
510.00 3.43 102.99
-407.01
-79.80

Phil. 5.19.2.2
510.00 0.58 17.49
-492.51
-96.57

CIP 380241.17
510.00 2.17 65.01
-444.99
-87.25

CIP 676070
510.00 1.43 42.99
-467.01
-91.57

CIP 573275
510.00 0.80 24.00
-486.00
-95.29

IGOROTA (cv)
510.00 1.27 38.01
-471.99
-92.54

GANZA (cv)
510.00
0.00
-510.00
-
0.00
100.00

GRANOLA (cv)
510.00 0.80 24.00
-486.00
-95.29
* Total cost of production includes cost of planting materials, insecticides, fertilizers and
labor.
* Selling price of potato tubers is based in PhP 30.00 per kilo

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

26

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary

The study was conducted to identify the best performing potato entry based on
yield and resistance to pests an diseases during the wet season, identify the potato entry
that is best adapted during the wet season at Madaymen, Kibungan, and to determine the
profitability of growing the different potato entries during the wet season at Madaymen,
Kibungan.
Phil. 2.21.6.2 had the highest plant survival while Ganza had the lowest.
Phil. 2.21.6.2 was highly vigorous while cv Granola had poor vigor. The rest of
the entries were moderately vigorous to vigorous at 30 DAP. At 60 DAP, all the entries
had poor to less vigor except for Phil. 2.21.6.2 which was moderately vigorous.

Conclusion
Among the potato entries evaluated during the wet season, Phil. 2.21.6.2 was the
best performing potato entry based on yield and resistance to late blight.
Phil. 2.21.6.2 is therefore adapted at Madaymen Kibungan especially when
proper management practices are employed. Phil. 2.21.6.2 had the widest canopy at 60
and 75 DAP. It was also resistant to moderately resistant to late blight while the rest of
the entries were moderately to highly susceptible at 60 and 75 DAP.
Phil. 2.21.6.2 produced the highest number and heaviest weight of marketable
and non-marketable tubers while Phil. 5.19.2.2 produced the least.
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

27
The highest tuber dry matter content was recorded from CIP 573275, CIP 676070
and Phil. 5.19.2.2 while CIP 380241.17 had the lowest.
A negative ROCE was obtai, KibunHowever, all the entries obtained negative
return on cash expense which implies that growing of potatoes during the wet season at
Madaymen, Kibungan is not profitable.

Recommendation
Based on findings, Phil. 2.21.6.2 could be recommended at Madaymen, Kibungan
based only on yield and resistance to late blight.
Production of potatoes during the wet season is not recommended at M

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

28
LITERATURE CITED

BANG-AS, N. B. 1999. Evaluation of different cultivar above ground potato production.
BS Thesis. Benguet State University.. Pp. 30-31.

BAUTISTA, O. K. and R. C. MABESA. 1977. Vegetable production. University of the
Philippines, Los Banos, Laguna. Pp. 27-28.

BEUKEMIA, H. P. and P. E VANDER ZAAG. 1979. Potato Improvement: Some

factors
and facts. International Agricultural Centre, Wageningen:The

Netherlands. Pp.38-40.

CALANZA, R. 2008. The Tallak: The Official Newspaper of Kibungan National High

School. Poblacion Kibungan, Kibungan Benguet. Volume X. P.3.

CIP. 2001. Facts Sheet. International Potato Center. Benguet State University, La

Trinidad Benguet. P5.

DACWAG, L. D. 1981. Evaluation of hybrid true potato seed progenies for tuber let

production. BS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet. P. 21.

GANGA, Z. N., I. GONZALES, E. O. BADOL, S. GAYAO and H. TORRES. 1989.
Results of potato germplasm evaluation for yield and late blight resistance to
Phythopthora infestans in the Philippine highlands. CIP Region VII # 85-11.

GANGA, Z. N., E. O. BADOL and S. GAYAO. 1987. Potato germplasm evaluation for
late
blight
resistance
at diverse highland locations during different seasons.

Research Results Presented in a series of Working Papers. Volume

11.NPRCRTC. Benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet. Pp. 6-8.

GAYAO, S. T. 1989. Potato (Solanum spp.) germplasm evaluation for lateblight

(Phytophthora infestans) resistance at diverse highland locations during different

seasons. MS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet. P. 12.

GONZALES, I. E. T. BOTANGEN, F. S. BALOG-AS, C. G. KISWA, D. K.
SIMONGO and T. D. MASANGCAY. 2006. Multi locational yield trial of
potential potato clones across location. BSU Research Journal. No 51. Benguet
State University , La Trinidad Benguet. P. 37.

HARRDEC.1996. Highland Potato Techno guide. Benguet State University. Pp. 3-4.

HENFLING, J.W. 1987. Techno guide Information Bulletin 4. Late blight of Potato. P.
5.

PCARRD. 1982. Benguet techno guide for potat Potato. Los Baños Laguna. P. 2.
Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

29
PCARRD. 1985. Highland Potato Techno guide. Los Baños Laguna. Pp. 4-5.

RASCO, E. T. Jr and D. P.AMANTE. 1994. Sweet potato variety evaluation. Southeast

Asian Program for Potato Research and Development. Pp.19-20.

RASTOVSKI, A. VAN ES ET AL. 1981. Storage of potatoes post-harvest behavior,
store design, storage practices, handling. Center for Agricultural Publishing and
Documentation Wageningen. P. 37.

SANO, E. O. 1980. Rate of tuber production on the white potato varieties grown under
six fertility levels. MS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet. P.
27.

SIMONGO, D. K. 1992. Assessment of potato clones using rooted stem cutting by

farmers in Benguet. MS Thesis. Benguet State University. Pp. 38.

SIMONGO, D. K. 2007. Growth yield and dry matter partitioning of potato genotypes

under organic production at La Trinidad Benguet. Ph.D Dissertation. Benguet

State University, La Trinidad Benguet. P.1.

TAD-AWAN, B. A., D. K. SIMONGO, E. J. D. SAGALLA, J. P. PABLO, C. G.

KISWA, and C. C. SHAGOL. 2008. Organic Potatoes : varities and practices in

Benguet, Philippines. STVRDC. Benguet State University ,La Trinidad,

Benguet. P.1.

SUNIL, K. R. 1990. Varietal evaluation of promising lines of path coefficient analysis

in
pole snap bean. MS Thesis. Benguet State University, La Trinidad

Benguet. Pp. 4-5.

WORK, P and C. J. CAREW. 1975. Vegetable Production and Marketing. New York.
Willy Sons Incorporation. Pp. 311-315.

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

30

APPENDICES

Appendix table 1. Percent survival at 30 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
100
100
100
300
100a

Phil. 5.19.2.2
100
100
93
293
98ab

CIP 380241.17
100
98
100
298
99ab

CIP 676070
100
90
100
290
97ab

CIP 573275
100
98
95
293
98ab

IGOROTA (cv)
100
95
93
288
96ab

GANZA (cv)
65
100
100
265
88b

GRANOLA (cv)
100
98
100
298
99ab

TOTAL
765
779
781
2325
97

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
19.000
9.500

Treatment
7
290.625
41.518
4.21*
2.77
4.28

Error
14
941.000
67.214

TOTAL
23
1250.625
* = Significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =8.86

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

31

Appendix table 2a. Plant vigor at 30 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
2 4 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
2
2
1 5 2

CIP 380241.17
1
1
2 4 1

CIP 676070
1
2
4 7 2

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
2
2 5 2

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
2 4 1

TOTAL 9
11
15
35
1.4

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
2.333
1.167

Treatment
7
3.958
0.565
1.40ns
2.77
4.28

Error
14
5.667
0.405

TOTAL
23
11.958
ns =Not significant Coefficient of Variation (%) = 13.63

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

32

Appendix table 2b. Plant vigor at 45 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
4
4
4 12 3

Phil. 5.19.2.2
4
4
4 12 4

CIP 380241.17
4
4
4 12 4

CIP 676070
3
4
4 11 4

CIP 573275
4
4
4 12 4

IGOROTA (cv)
3
4
3 10 3

GANZA (cv)
0
4
4 8 3

GRANOLA (cv)
4
4
4 12 3

TOTAL 25
32
31
88
4

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
2.583
1.292

Treatment
7
4.958
0.708
1.05ns
2.77
4.28

Error
14
9.417
0.673

TOTAL
23
16.958
ns =Not significant Coefficient of Variation (%) = 22.12

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

33

Appendix table 2c. Plant vigor at 60 DAP.

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
5
4
5 14 5

Phil. 5.19.2.2
4
0
0 4 1

CIP 380241.17
4
4
5 13 4

CIP 676070
4
5
5 14 5

CIP 573275
5
5
0 10 3

IGOROTA (cv)
4
5
4 13 4

GANZA (cv)
0
5
0 5 2

GRANOLA (cv)
0
5
0 5 2

TOTAL 26
33
19
78
4

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
12.250
6.125

Treatment
7
45.167
6.452
1.77ns
2.77
4.28

Error
14
51.083
3.649

TOTAL
23
108.500
ns =Not significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =18.77

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

34

Appendix table 3a. Canopy cover at 30 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
39
28
34
101
34

Phil. 5.19.2.2
37
29
25
91
30

CIP 380241.17
62
44
50
156
52

CIP 676070
46
37
36
119
40

CIP 573275
38
34
26
98
33

IGOROTA (cv)
24
32
25
81
27

GANZA (cv)
27
41
34
102
34

GRANOLA (cv)
36
41
23
100
33

TOTAL 309
286
253
848
35

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
198.083
99.042

Treatment
7
1220.000
174.286
4.44**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
549.250
39.232

TOTAL
23
1967.333
** =Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =17.73

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

35

Appendix table 3b. Canopy cover at 45 DAP.

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
52
41
37
130
43

Phil. 5.19.2.2
55
21
32
108
36

CIP 380241.17
57
38
52
147
49

CIP 676070
42
52
47
141
47

CIP 573275
38
32
34
104
35

IGOROTA (cv)
33
43
41
117
39

GANZA (cv)
0
42
41
83
28

GRANOLA (cv)
45
50
38
133
44

TOTAL 322
319
322
963
40

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
0.750
0750

Treatment
7
1071.958
171.958
153.137**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
2261.917
2261.917

TOTAL
23
3334.625
3334.625
** =Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%)=22.93

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

36

Appendix table 3c. Canopy cover at 60 DAP.

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
25
25
45
95
32

Phil. 5.19.2.2
10
0
0
10
3

CIP 380241.17
30
5
5
40
13

CIP 676070
30
0
0
30
10

CIP 573275
2
1
0
3
1

IGOROTA (cv)
10
0
8
18
6

GANZA (cv)
0
1
0
1
1

GRANOLA (cv)
0
45
0
45
15

TOTAL 107
77
58
242
10

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
152.583
76.292

Treatment
7
2221.167
317.310
1.70ns
2.77
4.28

Error
14
2606.083
186.149

TOTAL
23
4906.833
ns =Not significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =24.31

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

37

Appendix table 3d. Canopy cover at 75 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
25
21
40
86
29

Phil. 5.19.2.2
13
0
0
13
4

CIP 380241.17
21
0
0
21
7

CIP 676070
11
0
0
11
4

CIP 573275
0
0
0
0
0

IGOROTA (cv)
2
0
0
2
1

GANZA (cv)
0
0
0
0
0

GRANOLA (cv)
0
0
0
0
0

TOTAL 72
21
40
133
6

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
166.083
83.02

Treatment
7
1973.292
281.899
7.52**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
524.583
37.470

TOTAL
23
2663.958
** =Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =29.02

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

38

Appendix table 4a. Initial Plant height at 30 DAP (cm)

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1370.5
701.4
1470 3541.9
1180.6

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1540
1420 1010
3970
1323.3

CIP 380241.17
2330.5
2270
2020 6620.5
2206.8

CIP 676070
1460
941 1290
3691
1230.3

CIP 573275
1540
1420
1010 3970
1323.3

IGOROTA (cv)
1560
860.4 910.5
3330.9
1110.3

GANZA (cv)
420
110
730 1260 420

GRANOLA (cv)
1220.5
710
770 2700.5
900.2

TOTAL 11002
7982.8
9290.5
28275.3
1178.1

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
573119.990 2886559.995

Treatment
7
5262612.800
751801.829
13.36**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
788038.288
56288.449

TOTAL
23
6623771.077
** =Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =20.14

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

39

Appendix table 4 b. Final Height at 75 DAP (cm)

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
4025
3522
4111 11658 3886

Phil. 5.19.2.2
0
0
0 0 0

CIP 380241.17
0
0
0 0 0

CIP 676070
1565
0 1197.5
2762.5
920.8

CIP 573275
0
0
760 760
253.3

IGOROTA (cv)
1065
0 1331
2396
798.7

GANZA (cv)
0
0
0
0
0

GRANOLA (cv)
0
0
0 0 0

TOTAL 6655
3522
7399.5
17576.5
732.4

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
1058540.646
529270.333

Treatment
7
37080705.740 5297243.6777
39.86**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
1860577.854
1322898.418

TOTAL
23
3999924.854
** =Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =26.12

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

40

Appendix table 5a. Late blight incidence at 30 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
2
2
2 6 2

CIP 380241.17
2
1
1 4 1

CIP 676070
1
2
1 4 1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
2 2
5
2

GANZA (cv)
2
1
1
4 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 11
11
10
32
1.0

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

41

Appendix table 5b. Late blight incidence at 45 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
2
2
2 6 2

Phil. 5.19.2.2
4
7
6 17 6

CIP 380241.17
4
6
6 16 5

CIP 676070
4
5 6
15
5

CIP 573275
5
6
6
17 6

IGOROTA (cv)
4
5 6
15
5

GANZA (cv)
9
7
5
21 7

GRANOLA (cv)
5
6
6 17 6

TOTAL 37
44
43
124
5

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

42

Appendix table 5c. Late blight incidence at 60 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
3
3
3 9 3

Phil. 5.19.2.2
8
9
9 26 9

CIP 380241.17
6
6
7 19 6

CIP 676070
6
8 8
22
7

CIP 573275
8
8
9 25 8

IGOROTA (cv)
6
7 8
21
7

GANZA (cv)
9
8
9 26 9

GRANOLA (cv)
9
9
9 27 9

TOTAL 55
58
62
175
7

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

43

Appendix table 5d. Late blight incidence at 75 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
5
5
5 15 5

Phil. 5.19.2.2
9
9
9 27 9

CIP 380241.17
8
7
8 23 8

CIP 676070
8
9 9
26
9

CIP 573275
9
9
9 27 9

IGOROTA (cv)
7
7 8
22
7

GANZA (cv)
9
9
9 27 9

GRANOLA (cv)
9
9
9 27 9

TOTAL 64
64
66
194
8

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

44

Appendix table 6a. Leaf miner incidence at 30 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 380241.17
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 676070
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 8
8
8
24
1

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

45

Appendix table 6b. Leaf miner incidence at 45 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 380241.17
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 676070
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 8
8
8
24
1

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

46

Appendix table 6c. Leaf miner incidence at 60 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 380241.17
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 676070
1
1 1
3
1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
1 1
3
1

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 8
8
8
24
1

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

47

Appendix table 6d. Leaf miner incidence at 75 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 380241.17
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 676070
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
1 1
3
1

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 8
8
8
24
1

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

48

Appendix table 7a. Bacterial wilt incidence at 30 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 380241.17
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 676070
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 8
8
8
24
1

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

49

Appendix table 7b. Bacterial wilt incidence at 45 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 380241.17
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 676070
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 8
8
8
24
1

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

50

Appendix table 7c. Bacterial wilt incidence at 60 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 380241.17
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 676070
1
1 1
3
1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
1 1
3
1

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 8
8
8
24
1

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

51

Appendix table7d. Bacterial wilt incidence at 75 DAP

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1
1
1 3 1

Phil. 5.19.2.2
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 380241.17
1
1
1 3 1

CIP 676070
1
1 1
3
1

CIP 573275
1
1
1 3 1

IGOROTA (cv)
1
1 1
3
1

GANZA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

GRANOLA (cv)
1
1
1 3 1

TOTAL 8
8
8
24
1

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

52

Appendix table 8. Number of marketable tubers per plot

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
68
136
261
465
155

Phil. 5.19.2.2
3
6
12
21
7

CIP 380241.17
14
27
51
92
31

CIP 676070
58
116
218
392
131

CIP 573275
19 38 76
133
44

IGOROTA (cv)
25
49
93
167
56

GANZA (cv)
0
0
0
0
0

GRANOLA (cv)
18
36
70
124
41

TOTAL 205
408
781
1394
9

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
30079.750 15039.875

Treatment
7
87914.500 12559.214
2.77*
2.77
4.28

Error
14
36280.250
2591.446

TOTAL
23
154274.500
*=Significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =20.07

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

53

Appendix table 9. Number of non-marketable tubers per plot

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
73
36
61
170
113

Phil. 5.19.2.2
7
4
4
15
10

CIP 380241.17
17
13
16
46
31

CIP 676070
32
11
17
60
40

CIP 573275
10
29
25
64
43

IGOROTA (cv)
24
23
21
68
45

GANZA (cv)
0
15
7
22
15

GRANOLA (cv)
31
19
24
74
49

TOTAL 194
150
175
519
22

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
121.750
60.875

Treatment
7
5283.625
754.804
8.59**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
1236.250
87.875

TOTAL
23
6635.625
**= Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =23.70

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

54

Appendix table 10. Weight of marketable tubers per plot (kg)

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1.700
2.950
5.650
10.300
3.433

Phil. 5.19.2.2
.300
.500
.950
1.750
.583

CIP 380241.17
1.050
1.850
3.600
6.500
2.167

CIP 676070
.650
1.250
2.400
4.300
1.433

CIP 573275
.400
.700
1.300
2.400
.800

IGOROTA (cv)
.600
1.100
2.100
3.800
1.267

GANZA (cv)
0
0
0
0
0

GRANOLA (cv)
.380
.700
1.320
2.400
.800

TOTAL 5.080
9.050
17.320
31.450
1310

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
9.800
7.900

Treatment
7
24.041
3.434
8.54**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
5.632
0.402

TOTAL
23
39.473
**= Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =10.31

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

55

Appendix table 11. Weight of non-marketable tubers per plot (kg)

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
0.190
0.050
0.240
0.480
0.160

Phil. 5.19.2.2
0.020
0.010
0.010
0.040
0.013

CIP 380241.17
0.050
0.050
0.020
0.120
0.040

CIP 676070
0.150
0.020
0.020
0.190
0.063

CIP 573275
0.020
0.040
0.040
0.100
0.033

IGOROTA (cv)
0.050
0.040
0.040
0.130
0.043

GANZA (cv)
0
0.050
0.020
0.070
0.023

GRANOLA (cv)
0.020
0.040
0.050
0.110
0.037

TOTAL 0.500
0.300
0.440
1.240
0.052

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
0.003
0.001

Treatment
7
0.045
0.006
2.91*
2.77
4.28

Error
14
0.031
0.002

TOTAL
23
0.078
*=Significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =4

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

56

Appendix table 12. Total yield per plot (kg)

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
1.890
3.000
5.890
10.780
3.593

Phil. 5.19.2.2
.320
.510
.960
1.790
.597

CIP 380241.17
1.100
1.900
3.620
6.620
2.207

CIP 676070
.800
1.270
2.420
4.490
1.497

CIP 573275
.420
.740
1.340
2.500
.833

IGOROTA (cv)
.650
1.140
2.140
3.930
1.310

GANZA (cv)
0
0.050
0.020
0.070
0.023

GRANOLA (cv)
.400
.740
1.370
2.510
.837

TOTAL 5.580
9.350
17.760
32.690
1.362

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
9.721
4.860

Treatment
7
25.939
3.706
8.94**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
5.805
0.415

TOTAL
23
41.464
**= Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =15.76

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

57

Appendix Table 13. Computed yield tons per hectare

BLOCK

ENTRY

TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III

Phil. 2.21.6.2
3.78
6
11.78
21.56
7.19

Phil. 5.19.2.2
0.64
1.02
1.92
3.58
1.19

CIP 380241.17
2.2
3.8
7.24
13.24
4.41

CIP 676070
1.6
2.54
4.84
8.98
2.99

CIP 573275
0.84
1.48
2.68
5
1.67

IGOROTA (cv)
1.3
2.28
4.28
7.86
2.62

GANZA (cv)
0
0.1
0.04
0.14
0.05

GRANOLA (cv)
0.8
1.48
2.74
5.02
1.67

TOTAL 11.16
18.7
35.52
65.38
2.7

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01

Block
2
39.572
19.786

Treatment
7
105.553
15.079
8.65**
2.77
4.28

Error
14
24.392
1.742

TOTAL
23
169.517
**= Highly significant Coefficient of Variation (%) =12.99

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan / Viona T. Yano. 2009

Document Outline

Wet Season Evaluation of Potato Entries at Madaymen, Kibungan.
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ABSTRACT
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES