BIBLIOGRAPHY



TAY-EO, JOMAR W. APRIL 2011. Evaluation of Ten Glutinous Rice(Oryza sativa)
Varieties under Kapangan, Benguet Condition.Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.

Adviser: Janet P. Pablo, MSc


ABSTRACT
The study will be conducted to determine the growth and yield of the ten glutinous
traditional rice varieties in Kapangan, Benguet; determine the best glutinous rice varieties based
on its performance and resistance to pests and diseases; and determine the profitability of
growing the different glutinous traditional rice varieties.
Bayabas and Kintoman are the best performing landraces and considered to be adapted at
Kapangan, Benguet because they produce the highest yield and ROCE and both varieties were
also profitable.

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1

INTRODUCTION



The snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is herbaceous plant that is grown worldwide for its
edible bean, popularlyboth as dry and as a green bean. Botanically, it is classified as a
dicotyledon. Snap beans are legumes and thus acquire their nitrogen through an association with
rhizobia, a genus of nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
The bush varieties form erect bushes 20 – 60 cm tall, while the pole or twinning varieties
form vines 2 – 3 m long vines. All varieties bear alternate, green or purple leaves, divided into
three oval, smooth-edged leaflets, each 6-15 cm long and 3-11 cm wide. The white, pink, or
purple flowers are about 1 cm long, and give way to pods 8-20 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, green,
yellow, black or purple in color, each containing 4-6 beans. The beans are smooth, plump,
kidney-shaped, up to 1.5 cm long, range widely in color, and are often mottled into more colors
(Wikipedia, 2010).

Snap bean is an important food worldwide and a significant source of nutrient because of
its fiber, proteins and vitamin contents. It is traditionally a basic food crop in many developing
countries and it serves as a major plant protein source for rural and urban poor (Dursun, 2007).
Benguet is one of the major agricultural areas in the country where snap beans or
“Baguio beans”, as it is locally called have long been cultivated. Snap beanis one of the most
popular crops being grown commercially. One important factor to consider for successful
production is the variety that are adapted to the environmental condition.Some studies revealed
that the growth and yield of pole snap beans are best in higher elevation areas which include
Benguet province.

The commercial production of beans is distributed worldwide. It is highly adapted and
performs well in terms of growth and yield. However, many problems are still encountered even
with such knowledge and experiences about proper management in growing beans. Therefore,
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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continued efforts and inclusive research approach are required to improve performance and
resolve the yield, disease and quality problems that limit the production.

The seed is the most basic input in agriculture. It is the beginning or source of a plant. Its
practical purpose is for planting, propagation and multiplication (Fernandez, 2003). In Benguet, a
lot of studies have been conducted regarding snap beans but few focused on the performance of
seeds that are stored in different span of years. Most of the farmers use their own produced seeds
as planting materials.Proper storage and labeling are sometimes neglected that result to poor
growth and low yield.In this regards, it is important to know the nature of the seed before sowing.

The objectives of the study were to:
1. evaluate the growth and yield of fivevarieties of pole snap bean that were produced in
three different years under organic production system in La Trinidad, Benguet;
2. determine the best variety of pole snap bean fororganic production in La Trinidad,
Benguet;
3. determine the best yearof seed production of pole snap bean as source of planting
material; and
4. determine the interaction effect of variety and year of seed production of pole snap
bean.

The study was conducted atthe Organic Farm of Benguet State University,in Balili, La
Trinidad, Benguet from November 2010 to March2011.






REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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The Plant

Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a member of the Fabaceae or legume family and is of
New World origin. The wild ancestors of the modern snap bean come from Central and South
America. These ancestral types are found across a range of environments, from moderately hot,
arid climates to humid lowland tropics and even into cooler upland areas of South America. The
beans of this species grown in North America today are grown in a more limited temperate
climatic zone (Navazioet al., 2007).

Kampermpool (2005) cited that snap beans is a popular legume that provides a good
source of protein and carbohydrates and their origin can be traced to Central America. It is widely
cultivated in temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions. Snap beans are cultivated for its edible,
tender pods and dry seeds.

Shrestha (1989) added that legumes are the richest and cheapest common source of
protein among all foods of plant origin. Its protein content is a cheap substitute for animal protein.
Legumes are recognized as important food for human diet and supplementary feed for animals.

Aside from the importance of legumes as food, Rai (1986) states that legumes are
important in agriculture as replenisher of soil nitrogen. With the rising world population and the
declining supply of fossil fuels required to manufacture nitrogen fertilizer, it may be necessary to
rely more on microorganisms associated with legumes to supply plant need for nitrogen. Legumes
produce nodules in which the root nodule bacteria in symbiosis with the plants fix atmospheric
nitrogen in the form to be utilized by the plant.

Climatic Requirements

Snap bean is a tender, warm season crop that requires warm, well drained soils for
germination. Temperature of 70°-80°F (21°-27°C) is preferred for optimum crop growth.
Temperatures above 90°F or below 50°F during flowering may adversely affect pod set and seed
yields. Most snap bean cultivars germinate best when soil temperature is at or above 65°F (12°C),
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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but germination may be inhibited at temperatures above 95°F (35°C). There are instances when
seed growers must plant with soil temperatures below optimum in order to fully mature a seed
crop by the end of the season. Cultivars vary considerably in their ability to germinate in cool,
moist soils and to resist common root rot organisms that can damage or destroy seedlings
(Navazioet al., 2007).
Peet (1995) states that beans are day-neutral or short day plants. The optimum
temperature for seed emergence is 770F. Germination is slow at 60 0F and seeds rot at lower
temperatures. Because of the large volume of the seed relative to its surface area, a moist soil is
required for germination. Since bean cotyledons must be pushed through the soil to the surface, a
crusted or cloddy soil reduces emergence.
Peet(1995) also added that the optimum temperature for plant growth is 60 to 70 0F with
some growth occurring between 50 to 80 0F. Snap beans require 1,050 to 1,150 degree days of
heat, with a base of 50 0F. Temperatures above 90 0F cause fibrous pods and blossom drop. Very
rainy conditions during flowering also can cause flowers to drop. Southern peas are usually
considered to be more heat and drought tolerant than snap beans.




Varietal Evaluation
Varietal
evaluation
is
a
process
in
crop
breeding
whichprovidescomparisonofpromisinglines with the local check in order toestablish the
superiority of the lines developed by the breeder. It is only through varietal evaluation that a
breeder sees the better performance of developed lines in terms of yield and quality, resistance to
pests, stress and other parameters.

Different varieties have different potentials of fixing atmospheric nitrogen and yield with
response to the inoculation. Varietal evaluation is important to determine high yielding varieties
which is most responsive to inoculation (Shrestha, 1989).
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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According to Bantog and Padua in 1999, to ensure productivity of excellent varieties,
varieties either from local or foreign collection have to be introduced. Nevertheless, the yield and
quality potentials of varieties vary depending on the condition they are exposed to such as
climate, weather, soil factors and the like. The ultimate way to determine the best variety/ies is to
test how they fare in specific localities or representative areas per elevation.

In 2008, Tandanget al. identified and selected some promising varieties or potential
parentals of snap beans not only for the highlands but also for the mid-elevation areas and
lowlands. They added that these improved materials need further evaluation to identify new
varieties that are high yielding, with good pod qualities and high resistance to major pests.

Soil and Fertilization
Snap beans are adaptable to a wide range of soil types but will have difficulty emerging
in crushed soils. Cover crops or other types of mulch or use of a rotary hoe may be necessary on
heavy soils to break the crust. Beans will grow satisfactorily on heavy soils after emergence,
however, uniform emergence is particularly important for bush type beans which will be
onceover mechanically harvested. For maximum uniformity of emergence and subsequent
maturity, all areas of the field must be well drained and prepared with no crushed, cold or wet
areas. Snap beans prefer a well drainedsoil with a pH of 5.5 to 6.0 but the pH can be as low as 5.0
if Mn or Al are not present in toxic concentrations. Snap beans are sensitive to boron and may
experience toxicity problems in fields where boron is naturally high or where it has been added to
meet the requirements of cole crops such as cabbage or broccoli. If little or no nitrogen is
available in the field, snap beans will nodulate and form symbiotic associations with N-fixing
bacteria in the soil even without artificial inoculation. Plants fixing their own N often get off to a
slower start in cool spring weather and are less uniform in bloom time and subsequent number of
days to harvest, however. Inoculating bean seed with N-fixing bacteria has not been shown to
increase yields or even provide nitrogen to snap beans. If not the proper strain, the N-fixing
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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bacterium will be ineffective and possibly parasitic. Fertilization of snap beans is particularly
difficult in sandy soils because the risk of salt injury to snap beans is high. High salt levels cause
shriveled or desiccated areas on the foliage which often resemble cold injury. Initially, fertilizer
applications are sometimes broadcast, rather than banded, to reduce salt injury, but sidedressings
of N at vining and/or bloom are recommended in sandy soils, or where there have been leaching
rains. In soils where zinc is tied up by high pH and phosphate levels, zinc sulfate may be
required. Harvesting one ton of snap beans removes 30 to 74 pounds N, 2 to 6 pounds P2O5 and
5 to 6 pounds K2O from the soil. Manures can be used to supply nutrients for bean production.
Experiments in Alabama showed broiler litter with nutrient levels of 2.8 % N, 1.6 % P and 2.2 %
K and applied at a rate of 2.1 tons per acre was as effective as commercial fertilizer (Peet, 1995).

Planting and Seed Handling Precautions

Bean seeds sometimes fail to germinate properly because they have dried down too much
in storage. Such seed are said to be 'hard'. Depending on the cultivar, seed moisture contents
shouldnotfallbelow 7 to 10 %. Thisrepresentsrelative humidity in storage of 30 to 45 % for beans
kept at 77 0F. In some cases, exposing seed to humid conditions for several days before planting
will help, but it is better to use properly stored seed. Bean seed is fragile and bags of seed must be
handled carefully, not dropping or compressing seed bags. Cracking of the seed coats leads to
leaching of carbohydrates and rotting of the seed after planting. Breaking off either the plummule
or a cotyledon results in 'snakeheads' or 'baldheads' with slow growth, increased disease and
insect susceptibility and decreased uniformity. Operating a plate type planter at less than 3 mph
and plateless types at 4 to 5 mph will help protect seed during planting (Peet, 1995).
Icishahayoet al. (2007) stated that a crop may be suitable for commercial seed production
if farmers are not satisfied with the availability or quality of their own seed or seed sold in
markets and shops, experience seed shortages at planting time, are already used to purchasing
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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seed, the crop suffers from diseases found inside the seed or carried in the soil, or good quality
seed can be produced by non-specialists.
Mallya (1992) as cited by Icishahayoet al. (2007) added that seed quality is the total sum
of many seed attributes likegenetic purity, moisture content, mechanical damage,viability and
vigor, size and appearance.
According to the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) (1999) as cited by
Icishahayoet al. (2007) defined that health of seed refers to the presence or absence ofdisease-
causing organisms, such as fungi, bacteria andviruses, and animal pests, such as eelworms and
insects.
Schwartz and Gálvez (1980) as cited by Icishhayoet al. (2007) stated that fungal seed
borne disease pathogens affect bean seedviability and germination. Furthermore, they said that
germination tests areessential as they help to determine the maximumgermination potential of a
seed lot, which can be used tocompare the quality of different seed lots and alsoestimate the field
planting value. Seed quality adverselyaffects crop establishment and the capacity to realize
yieldpotential. Healthy and pathogen-free seeds should be ableto germinate and give rise to
vigorous plants with highyielding capacity. In general what is considered cleanseed has 0%
pathogen infection, however in tropicalconditions marginal levels between 0.5 and 1%
infectioncan be accepted.

Seed Germination and Viability

The term germination is applied to the resumption of the growth of the seed embryo after
the period of dormancy. Germination does not take place unless the seed has been transported to a
favorable environment by one of the agencies of seed dispersal. The primary conditions of a
favorable environment are adequate water, oxygen and suitable temperature. Different species of
plants germinate best in different temperatures; as a rule, extremely cold or extremely warm
temperature does not favor germination. Some seeds also require adequate exposure to light
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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before germination. Each species has its specific period of viability (capable of growing into
healthy organism); seeds sown after the period of optimum viability may produce weak plants or
may not germinate (Microsoft Encarta, 2007).

Seed History and Performance

Louwaars (1994) as cited by De Guzman and Fernandez (2003) stated that the use of
seeds marks the transition from human food collection to the sedentary civilizations. Seed
remains to be a basic input in any agricultural production system and thus, its proper storage is of
utmost importance.
Harrington (1973) as cited by De Guzman and Fernandez (2003) stated that in ancient
times, seeds were stored in clay jars, woven grass or cane baskets, and leather bags. These
containers are still used by farmers in many parts of the world. At present, hermetic storage,
resealable tins or plastic containers are some of the recommended methods for storage of seeds.
In 1999, Bantog and Padua evaluated promising varieties of pole snap beans in different
elevations. The study revealed that maturity was earliest in low elevation compared to mid
elevation and high elevation. BSU Sel. No. 1 and Blue Lake were the earliest-maturing variety
and latest-maturing variety, respectively. Alno, Burik and Patig are mid-maturing varieties. The
study also proved that climatic condition, specifically temperature, have an enzymatic effect on
biological and physiological activities in plants that resulted to shorter maturity. Regarding yield
performance, Patig significantly outyielded all the varieties evaluated including Alno, the control,
and BSU Sel. No. 1 was the poorest yielder. Burik and Alno yielded comparatively with Patig.
Thus, they recommended Patig, Alno and Burik should be planted in high elevation areas for best
results.
In 2005, Neyney evaluated the pod setting and fresh pod potential of commonly grown
pole snapbean varieties in La Trinidad. He recommended Taichung and Violeta for commercial
production under La Trinidad because of better performance than the others. These two varieties
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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performed significantly in terms of number of flower cluster per plant, flower per cluster, number
of pods per plant and weight of marketable and total pod yields.
In 2007, Tandang and her team evaluated snapbean cultivars for the Philippine highlands.
Twelve pole snap bean were included in the study namely: Alno, CPV 69, Hav 71, Patig, CPV
64, Violeta, Burik, B-21, N2643, CPV 60, Taichung, Bluelake and FM 1. The study revealed that
Violeta significantly registered the highest computed yield/ha followed by Burik and N26



MATERIALS AND METHODS


An area of 225m² wasthoroughly prepared and divided into three blocks consisting of 15
1mx5m plotsper replication. The experiment was laid out following 3x5
factorialexperimentinrandomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.

The seeds of pole snap beans were obtained from Benguet State University – Institute of
Plant Breeding Highland Crops Research Station (BSU-IPB HCRS). The production year of
planting materialswasconsidered as factor A and the promising varieties of pole snap bean for
organic production as factor B, as follows:

Factor A:Production year of planting materials Factor B: Promising organic varieties
Y1 - 2008
V1 – Patig
Y2 - 2009
V2 – Mabunga
Y3 - 2010
V3 – CPV 60

V4 – Tublay

V5 – B 21

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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Three seeds of snap bean were sown per hill in a double row plot at a distance of 30cm x
30cm between hills and between rows. All cultural management practices for organic production
of snap beans such as application of BSU Grower’s compost, irrigation by the use of water pump
from Balili River, hand weeding, trellising (Figure 1), hilling-up (Figure 2), and pest control with
the use of yellow trap and leaf pruning or leaf thinning, i.e.removal of infected and infested
leaves were practiced.

Figure 1. Trellising of pole snap bean varieties


Figure 2. Hilling-up of pole snap bean


Data Gathered:
1. Agroclimatic data. Monthly mean maximum and minimum temperature, relative
humidity, rainfall and sunshine duration prevailing over theexperimental area during the period
of study were collected at theBSU/PAGASA, Agronomical –Meteorological Station.
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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2. Maturity
a. Number of days from sowing to emergence. This was taken by counting the number of
days from planting up to the time when at least 50% of plants per plot emerged (Figure 3).

Figure 3. Emergence of pole snap bean varieties with different production year of planting
materials

b. Percent germination. This was obtained by counting the seeds that germinatedper plot
(8 DAP) and it was computed using the following formula:



Number of Germinated Seeds
Germination Percentage (%) = x 100



Number of Seeds Sown

c. Number of days from emergence to flowering. This was determined by counting the
number of days from date of emergence to the time at least 50% of the plants in the plot have
fully opened flowers (Figure 4).
d. Number of days from emergence to first harvest. This was taken by counting the
number of days from emergence to the first harvesting of pod.
e. Number of days from emergence to last harvest. This was taken by counting the
number of days from emergence to the last harvesting of pods.

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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Figure 4. Flowering of different pole snap bean varieties
3.Fresh Pod Character
a. Pod length (cm). This was taken by measuring the length in cm of sample pods from
the pedicel end to the blossom end using foot rule.
b. Pod width (cm). This was taken by measuring the width of the middle portion of five
sample pods per plot.
c. Pod texture. This was taken by feel method and observed the texture as course or
smooth.
d. Pod straightness. This was recorded from visual observation as either straight or curve
pod.
e. Pod shape. This was recorded visually as flat or round pod.
f. Pod color. This was recorded visually as green, dark green and others when the pods
were fully developed.
g. Pod diameter (cm). The diameter of ten sample pods per plot was measured using
vernier caliper.
4. Yield and Yield Component
a. Weight of marketable pods per plot. This was gathered by getting the weight of pods
that were straight, tender and free from insect pest damage and diseases (Figure 5).

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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Figure 5. Marketable fresh pod yield of CPV 60
b. Weight of non-marketable pods per plot. This was gathered by getting the weight of
pods that were abnormal in shape and had 20% or more insect pest and disease damage.
c. Total yield per plot. The over-all total weight of marketable and non-marketable pods
was obtained by getting the sum of all the weight of marketable and non-marketable yield
throughout the harvesting period.
d. Computed yield per hectare (t/ha). This was computed using the formula:

Yield per hectare(t/ha)= Total yield/plot (kg/m²) x 2


where 2 was the factor used to convert yield in kg/5m² plot into yield per hectare
in ton/ha.

5. Reaction to bean rust and pod borer. This was determined at peak of harvesting stage
using the respective rating scale for bean rust infection (Figure 6) and pod borer infestation used
at BSU-IPB by Tandanget al., (2008) as follows:

a. Bean rust
Scale

Percent infection


Remarks

1


Less than 20% infection per plot highly resistant
2


20-40% infection per plot

moderately resistant
3


41-60% infection per plot

mildly resistant
4


61-80% infection per plot

susceptible
5


81-100% infection per plot

very susceptible
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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Figure 6. Mild resistance of pole snap bean to bean rust infection


b. Pod borer

Scale
Percent infection



Remarks

1

No infestation



highly tolerant

2

1-25% of the plant/plot are infested

moderately tolerant

3

25-50% of the plant/plot are infested

mildly tolerant

4

51-75% of the plant/plot are infested

susceptible

5

76-100% of the plant/plot are infested very susceptible
G. Return on cash expenses (ROCE). Production cost, gross and net income were recorded
and ROCE was determined using the following formula:




Gross Sales – Total Expenses
ROCE (%) =
x 100



Total Expenses




Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

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Analysis of Data
All quantitative data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for 3x5
factorialexperimentinrandomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The
significance of differences among treatments means were tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range
Test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance.



RESULTS AND DICUSSION


Agroclimatic Data


During the conduct of the study,the prevailing temperature and relative humidity in La
Trinidad were within the range that is favorable for organic production of snap beans.According
to Navazio, J. et al. in 2007, temperature of 210C to 270C is preferred for optimum growth of snap
bean. Table 1 shows the temperature that prevailed during the conduct of the study. Itranged from
15.150C to 23.83 0C and the relative humidity ranged from 77.50 % to 86.75 %.
The total amount of rainfall recorded was 7.34 mm in November 2010 then it declined in
the succeeding months. In December, rainfall was only 2.76 mm and 1.64 mm in January 2011
which was observed insufficient for snap bean production. Thus, irrigation was done using water
pump once a week to supplement adequate water requirement for snap bean production. Sunshine
duration was also low during the conduct of the study. In November, it was 262.40 min, then it
increased to 303.00 min in December. There was 319.94 min daily sunshine duration in January
2011









Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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Table 1.The Agroclimatic condition gathered from November 2010 to January 2011.
AIR
TEMPERATURE
RELATIVE
AMOUNT OF
SUNSHINE
MONTH
(0C)
HUMIDITY
RAINFALL
DURATION
(%)
(mm)
(min)
MIN MAX
November
15.15
23.83
84.50
7.34
262.40
December
14.10
24.78
86.75
2.76
303.00
January
18.23
24.28
77.50
1.64
318.94
Number of Days from Sowing to Emergence

Effect of production year of planting materials.Highly significant differences on the
number of days from sowing to emergence among the different production years of planting
materials were noted (Table 2 Figure 3). Planting materials that wereproduced in 2009 and 2010
emerged similarly in seven days after planting (DAP), one day earlier than the emergence of
planting materials produced in 2008.

Table 2. Number of days from sowing to emergence and from emergence to flowering,
firstharvest and last harvest of five pole snap bean varieties from seeds produced in
three different years

NUMBER OF DAYS
FROM EMERGENCE TO
TREATMENT
FROM
SOWING TO
LAST
EMERGENCE
FLOWERING
FIRST
HARVEST
HARVEST
Production year of
planting materials (A)




2008
7b
44
55a
92b
2009
6a
44
56b
93a
2010
6a
44
55a
93a
Variety (B)




Patig
8c
47d
59c
95a
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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Mabunga
6a
42b
56b
95a
CPV 60
6a
41a
50a
91b
Tublay
7b
45c
56b
91b
B 21
7b
45c
57b
91b
(A x B)
*
**
**
ns
CV (%)
4.52
1.34
1.46
0.66
** - highly significant






* - significant
ns - not significant
Effect of variety.Table 2also shows the highly significant differenceson the number of
days from sowing to emergence among the varieties evaluated. Mabunga and CPV 60 emerged
within six DAP, one day earlier than Tublay and B 21. Patig took eight days to emerge.

Interaction effect. Statistical analysis revealed that variety and production year of
planting materials had significant interaction effect on the number of days from sowing to
emergence. Figure 7 shows that CPV 60 with planting material produced in year 2008, 2009 and
2010 emerged six days after sowing which was similar to Mabunga with planting materials
produced in 2009, 2010 and B21 with planting materials produced in 2010, one day earlier than
other treatment combinations except Patig with planting materials produced in 2008 and 2009
which took eight days to emerge.

Legend:

Patig

Mabunga

10
CPV 60

Tublay

B 21

8




a
ys
d
6


r
of
4

be

um
N

2008
2009
2010
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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Production year of planting materials



Figure 7. Significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting

materials on the number of days from sowing to emergence of pole snap

beans
Number of Days from Emergence to Flowering


Effect of production year of planting materials. Results revealed no significant
differences on the number of days from emergence to flowering among the production years of
planting materials (Table 2). Regardless of the production years of planting materials, snap bean
took similar number of days from emergence to flowering, within 44 days.
Effect of variety. Among the varieties evaluated, CPV 60 significantly flowered earliest
within 41 DAE, one day earlier than Mabunga. Tublay had comparable days from emergence to
flowering with B 21, (45 DAE). Patig was the latest to flower in 47 DAE (Table 2).

Interaction effect. Observation showed highly significant interaction effect of variety and
production year of planting materials on the number of days from emergence to flowering. CPV
60 with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010 took the fewest days from emergence to
flowering within41 DAE, one day earlier than Mabunga with planting materials produced in
2008, 2009 and CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008. Mabunga with planting
materials produced in 2010 flowered within 43 DAE which is one day earlier than B 21 with
planting materials produced in 2008 and 2010. Tublay with planting materials produced in 2008,
200,2010 and B 21 with planting materials produced in 2009 flowered similarly within 45 DAE,
two days earlier than Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010. Patig with
planting materials produced in 2008 took the most days from emergence flowering (Figure 8).







Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
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Legend:

50
Patig

49

Mabunga

48
CPV 60

47
a
ys
d
Tublay

46

45
r
of
B 21

be
44

43
um

N
42

41

40


P2008
r

oduction year2009
of
planting ma 2010
terial s
Figure 8. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year planting


materials on the number of days from emergence to flowering of pole snap

beans

Number of Days from Emergence to First Harvest
Effect of production year of planting materials. Statistical analysis revealed highly
significant differences on the number of days from emergence (DAE) to first harvesting among
the different production years of planting materials (Table 2). Planting materials produced in
2008 were first harvested in 55 DAE similar to those produced in 2010 that was one day earlier
than planting materials that were produced in 2009.

Effect of variety.Highly significant differences were noted on number of days from
emergence to first harvest among the varieties of snap bean tested.Apparently, it was also
observed that number of days from emergence to first harvest was related to number of days from
emergence to flowering. Variety which flowered earliestwereconsequently harvested earliest.
CPV 60 was first harvested variety within 50 DAE, sixdays earlier than Mabunga and Tublay. B
21 was first harvested within 57 DAE which was two days earlier than Patig (Table 2).
Interaction effect.Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on the number of days from emergence to first harvest (Figure
9).
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

The CPV 60 with planting materials produced in year 2009 and 2010 were first harvested
within 49 DAE, two days earlier than CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008.
Mabunga and Tublay with planting materials produced in 2008 was first harvested within 55
DAE, one day earlier than Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2009, 2010 and B 21
with planting materials produced in 2010. Tublay with planting materials produced in 2009 was
first harvested within 57 DAE which was comparable to B 21 with planting materials produced in
2008, two days earlier than Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010. Patig with
planting materials produced in 2008 took many days form emergence to first harvest.


Legend:
60

Patig
59

58
Mabunga


57
CPV 60

a
ys
d 56
Tublay

55
B 21


r
of 54

be 53

um 52

N 51

50

49


2008
2009
2010

Production year of planting materials

Number of Days from Emergence to Last Harvest
Figure 9. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting

materials on the number of days from emergence to first harvest


Number of Days from Emergence to Last Harvest

Effect of production year of planting materials. Significant differences were noted onthe
number of days from emergence to last harvest amongproduction year of planting materials.
Planting materials produced in 2008 took 92 DAE to lastharvest, one day earlier than planting
materials produced in 2009 and 2010 (Table 2). This indicated that seeds produced within two
years before planting had longer harvesting period than those produced more than two years at
planting time.
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

Effect of variety.Highly significant differences were found on number of days from
emergence to last harvest among the five varieties of snap bean evaluated (Table 2).CPV 60,
Tublay and B 21 took 91 DAE to last harvest which was earlier than Mabunga and Patig which
took 95 DAE to last harvesting. Moreover, CPV 60 had the longest durationof producing fresh
pod yield within 41 days which was two days longer than Mabunga. Patigproduced freshpods in
36 days which was one day longer than Tublay while B 21 had the shortest duration of producing
pods.

Interaction effect.No significant interaction effect of the variety and production year of
planting materials usedwas noted on the number of days from emergence to last harvest (Table 2).

Percent Germination


Effect of production year of planting materials. Statistical analysis revealed highly
significant differences in percent germination among the different production years of the
planting materials. Seeds produced in 2009 and 2010 had higher percentage germination than the
seeds produced in 2008 (Table 3).
Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were observed on the percent
germination among different varieties of pole snap bean evaluated (Table 3). CPV 60 had the
highest germination percentage followed by B 21 and Mabunga which was higher than Tublay.
Patig had the lowest percent germination. The differences in the rate of germination may be
attributed to the varietal characteristics of different snap beans that were evaluated.







\\

Table 3. Percent germination of five pole snap bean varieties from seeds produced in three
different years

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

GERMINATION
TREATMENT
(%)



Production year of
planting materials (A)




2008
48.66b




2009


70.67a

2010
79.62a



Variety (B)
Patig




53.93e
Mabunga



67.66c





CPV 60
76.07a





Tublay
64.43d





B 21
69.50b
(A x B)





ns

C.V. (%)


11.22

ns - not significant
Interaction effect. It was observed that there was no significant interaction effect of
production year of planting materials and variety on the percent germination of snap beans (Table
3).









Pod Length

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

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Effect of production year of planting materials.Significant differences were observed in
pod length among different production years of planting materials (Table 4). Planting materials
produced in the year 2009 and 2010 had comparable pod length of more than 14.40 cm. Planting
materials produced in 2008 had the shortest pods (14.12 cm). This indicates that longer pods
could be produced using those seeds produced within two years before planting than using more
than two year old seeds in growing pole snap bean.

Table 4. Pod length, width and diameter of five pole snap bean varieties from seeds produced in
three different years

TREATMENT

POD LENGTH
POD WIDTH
POD DIAMETER
(cm)
(cm)
(cm)

Production year of
planting materials(A)





2008

14.12b
1.02a
1.04

2009

14.49a
1.00b
1.04

2010

14.45a
1.03a
1.04

Variety (B)





Patig

13.78b
1.03a
1.03b

Mabunga

18.24a
1.04a
1.05a

CPV 60

13.72b
1.02a
1.05a

Tublay

12.98c
1.00ab
1.04ab

B 21

13.06bc
0.98b
1.03b

(A x B)

*
*
ns

CV (%)

2.92
2.16
0.85

* - significant

ns - not significant


Effect of variety. The different varieties showed highly significant differences on pod
length (Table 4 and Figure 10).Mabunga produced the longest pods, longer than the other
varieties evaluated. Tublay produced the shortest pods.
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

Variety 1 – Patig
Variety 2 – Mabunga




Variety 3 – CPV 60





Variety 4 - Tublay












Variety 5 – B 21


Figure 10. Fresh pods of five
pole snap bean varieties

Interaction
effect.Statistical
analysis
revealed significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting materials on pod
length of snap bean.Figure 11 shows that Mabunga with different production years of planting
materials produced significantly longer pods than the other treatment combinationsfollowed by
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

CPV 60withplanting materials produced in 2010. Patig with planting materials produced in 2008
had 13.93 cm pod length, 0.53 cm longer than B 21 with planting materials produced in 2009.
Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 had 13.57 cm length of pods, 0.5 cm longer than
Tublay with planting materials produced in 2009. Patig with planting materials produced in 2010
had 13.83 cm length of pod, 0.66 longer than CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008.
B 21 with planting materials produced in 2008 had the shortest pod length.



Legend:

20
Patig

19
Mabunga

18
)

CPV 60

17
c
m
Tublay

16
h (

15
B 21

e
ngt
14

13

P
od l
12

11

10
2008
2009
2010


Production year of planting materials


Figure 11.Significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting

materials on the pod length of snap beans.


Pod Width

Effect of production year of planting materials. Highly significant differences were
observed on the pod width among different production years of planting materials (Table 4).
Planting materials produced in 2010 had the widest pod of 1.03 cm which was comparable to
planting materials produced in 2008.Planting materials produced in 2009 had the narrowest pod
with a mean width of 1.00 cm.
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were observed on the pod width among
different varieties (Table 4 and Figure 10). Mabunga had the widestpod which were comparable
to pod width of other tested varieties except for B 21 which had the narrowest pods.

Interaction effect.Significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting
materials was observedon fresh pod width of pole snap bean. Figure 12 shows that CPV 60 with
planting materials produced in 2010 had the broadestpod of 1.05 cm, comparable toMabunga
with planting materialsproduced in 2009 and 2010 and Patig with planting materials produced in
2008.Patig with planting materials produced in 2010 had similar pod width with CPV 60 with
planting materials produced in 2008 with a mean pod width of 1.03 cm, 0.04 cm wider than
Tublaywith planting materials produced in 2010 and B 21 with planting materials produced in
2008. Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 had comparable pod width withTublayand
Mabungawith planting materials produced in 2008, 0.02 cm wider than Tublay with planting
materials produced in 2009. B 21 with planting materials produced in 2009 had the narrowest pod
width.





Legend:

1.07
Patig

1.06
Mabunga

1.05
)

CPV 60

1.04
Tublay

c
m 1.03
B 21

h ( 1.02

i
dt 1.01

1.00

P
od w 0.99

0.98

0.97

0.96

0.95

0.94

2008
2009
2010


Production year of planting materials

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

Figure 12.Significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting materials on
pod width of snap bean


Pod Diameter


Effect of production year of planting materials. Table 4further shows no significant
differences on pod diameter of snap bean among the production years of planting materials. All
the planting materials produced in different years had comparable pod diameter of 1.04 cm.

Effect of variety.Highly significant differences in pod diameter were observed among the
varieties of pole snap beanstudied (Table 4). The pod diameter of Mabunga and CPV 60 were
comparable, together with the pod diameterof Tublaywhich was statistically similar withpod
diameter of B 21 and Patig.

Interaction effect.No significant interaction effect of variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on pod diameter of pole snap bean (Table 4).

Pod Texture

The varieties observed in the study had similar smooth textured pods. The study showed
that different production year of planting materials did not affect the pod texture exhibited by the
different pole snap bean varieties.
Pod Straightness

The study showed that all of the varieties had straight pods. However,Mabunga and Patig
produced more curve pods compared to other varieties. This could be due to varietal differences.
Pod Shape
Mabunga had round pods while the other varieties produced flat pods. The study showed
that different production year of planting materials did not affect the pod shapeof different pole
snap bean varieties. Again, this could be due to varietal differences.

Pod Color

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

Mabunga produced purple pods while the other varieties produced green pods. The pod
color of snap bean was not affected by the different production years of planting materials (Figure
10). The purple color of Mabunga pods is influenced by its unique varietal characteristic.

Weight of Marketable Pods per Plot


Effect of production year of planting materials. There were highly significant
differencesin weight of marketable pods per plot among the different production years of planting
materials evaluated. Planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010produced significantly higher
than
planting
materials
produced
in
2008
(Table
5).
Table 5. Fresh pod yield per plot and computed yield per hectare of five pole snap bean varieties
from seeds produced in three different years

FRESH POD YIELD PER PLOT (kg/5m2)
COMPUTED
TREATMENT
YIELD PER
MARKETABLE
NON-
HECTARE
MARKETABLE
TOTAL
(t/ha)
Production year of
planting material (A)




2008
3.89b
0.94b
4.84b
9.67b
2009
5.31a
1.31a
6.61a
13.22a
2010
5.48a
1.36a
6.84a
13.68a
Variety (B)




Patig
3.67d
0.83c
4.49d
8.99d
Mabunga
6.27a
2.04a
8.31a
16.62a
CPV 60
5.08b
1.13b
6.21b
12.42b
Tublay
4.26c
1.01bc
5.27c
10.54c
B 21
5.20b
0.99bc
6.19b
12.38b
(A x B)
ns
**
**
**
CV (%)
5.19
9.64
5.16
5.16
** - highly significant





ns - not significant

Effect of variety. The five varieties of pole snap bean tested also showed highly
significant differences on the weight of marketable pods per plot. Mabunga yielded the highest
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

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29
marketable pods per plot. It was higher than marketable fresh pods of B 21 and CPV 60. Tublay
yielded 4.26 kg/5 m2 while Patig recorded the least marketable yield per plot (Table 5).
Interaction effect. No significant interaction effect of variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on the weight of marketable pods per plot of pole snap bean
(Table 5).

Weight of Non-marketable Pods per Plot

Effect of production year of planting materials. Highly significant differences were
observed on the weight of non-marketable pods per plot among the different production years of
planting materials (Table 5). Planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009 had higher non-
marketable pods than planting materials produced in 2008 which had lessthan one kilogram of
non-marketable pod yield per 5 m2 plot.The non-marketability of pods was caused not only by
pest and diseases but also due to different stages of maturity.Planting materials that were
produced in less than two years produced more matured and lumpy pods that were considered as
non-marketable.
Effect of variety. Statistical analysis revealed highly significant differences on the weight
of non-marketable pods among the different varieties (Table 5). Mabunga had the highest non-
marketable fresh pods per plot, It was followed by CPV 60 which had higher non-marketable
pods per plot than Tublay and B 21. Patigalso recorded the least weight of non-marketable pods
per plot. The higher weight of non-marketable pods of Mabunga was due to the longer pods that
tended to bend during pod development that resulted to non-marketable pods.

Interaction effect. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on the weight of non-marketable pods per plot. Figure 13 shows
that Mabungawith planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010 had the heaviest non-marketable
pods, 1.0 kg heavier than CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2010. Tublay had 1.24 kg
of non-marketable pods, less than 0.50 kg heavier than Patig with planting materials produced in
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

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30
2009 and 2010, CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008 and 2009,Tublay with planting
materials produced in 2009 and B 21 with planting materials produced in three different years.
Patig and Tublay with planting materials produced in 2008 had the least weight of non-
marketable pods per plot.




Legend:
2.4

Patig
2.2

2.0
Mabunga


1.8
CPV 60

1.6
Tublay


(
kg)
1.4
B 21

1.2

e
i
ght
W
1.0

0.8

0.6


2008
2009
2010

Production year of planting materials

Figure 13.Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting
materials on the weight of non-marketable pods per plot of snap beans


Total Yield per Plot

Effect of production year of planting materials. The total yield per plot of snap beans with
planting materials produced in different years were found to be highly significant different (Table
5). Planting materials produced in 2010 produced the highest total yield per plot which was
comparable to the total yield of planting materials produced in 2009. They significantly
outyielded the planting materials produced in 2008.
Effect of variety.Mabunga gave the highest total yield per plot which was significantly
higher than CPV 60 and B 21. Patig gained the lowest total yield per plot.

Interaction effect. The variety and production year of planting materials of pole snap
beans had high significant interaction effect on total yield per plot (Figure 14). Among the
entries, Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009 yielded most significantly
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

31
higher than CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2010. CPV 60 with planting materials
produced in 2009 had 6.65 kg of total fresh pod yield per plot which was comparable to the yield
of B 21 with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010, Mabunga with planting materials
produced in 2008 and Tublay with planting materials produced in 2010. Tublay with planting
materials produced in 2009 had 5.81 kg total yield per plot which was comparable to B 21 with
planting materials produced in 2008, almost 0.50 kg heavier than Patig with planting materials
produced in 2009, 2010 and CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008. Patig and Tublay
with planting materials produced in 2008 recorded the least total yield per plot.

Computed Yield per Hectare

Effect of production year of planting materials. Statistical analysis revealed highly
significant differences in the computed yield per hectare among the different production years of
planting materials (Table 5). Planting materials that were produced in 2010 and 2009 has the
highest computed yield per hectare than those of planting materials produced in 2008 (Table 5).



9.5

9.0

Legend:
8.5

Patig
8.0

Mabunga
7.5


CPV 60
7.0

6.5.
Tublay
kg)

6.0
B 21

i
e
l
d (
5.5

Y
5.0

4.5.

4.0

3.5

2008
2009
2010


Production year of planting materials


Figure 14.Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting
materials on the total yield per plot of snap beans

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

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32

Effect of variety. In terms of computed yield per hectare, Mabunga also registered the
highest yield per hectare. It was followed by CPV 60 and B 21. Also Patig recorded lowest
computed yield per hectare(8.99 t/ha).
Interaction effect. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on the computed yield per hectare (Figure 15). Mabunga with
planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009 yielded most followed by CPV 60 with planting
materials produced in 2010 and 2009. B21 with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010
were comparable which were higher than Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2008 and
Tublay with planting materials produced in 2010. Tublay with planting materials had 11.61 t/ha
computed yield, 0.56 t/ha heavier than B 21 with planting materials produced in 2008. Patig with
planting materials produced in 2008 yielded least consequently had the least computed yield per
hectare. This result shows that seeds of snap beans purposely for planting material are affected by
duration of storage. Snap bean seeds stored in more than two years are less productive.


19

18

17
Legend:


16
Patig

15
Mabunga

(
kg)
14
CPV 60

13
Tublay
i
e
l
d

12
B 21

e
d y
11

put
10

9
om

C
8

7

2008
2009
2010

Production year of planting materials
Figure 15. Interaction effect of variety and production year of planting materials on the computed
yield per hectare of snap beans
Reaction to Bean Rust

Effect of production year of planting materials. No significant differences were observed
on the reaction to bean rust infection among the different production years of planting materials
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

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33
of snap beans. The study revealed that planting materials produced in 2008, 2009 and 2010 had
comparable rating of mildly resistant to bean rust.
Effect of variety. Bean rust infection among five varieties of pole snap bean was found
highly significant. Mabunga and Tublay had moderate resistance rating. CPV 60 and B 21 had
both mildly resistant rating while Patig was found susceptible to bean rust.

Interaction effect. No significant interaction effect of variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on the bean rust infection in pole snap bean.

Reaction to Pod Borer

Effect of production year of planting materials. No significant differences were observed
on the pod borer infestation among the different production year of planting material of snap
beans.

Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were observed on the pod borer
infestation among the different varieties tested. CPV 60, B 21, Tublay and Mabunga wererated
moderately resistant to pod borer whilePatigwas most affected exhibiting mild resistance to pod
borer.

Interaction effect. No significant interaction effect of the variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on the pod borer infestation in pole snap bean. All the
varietiestested with different production year of planting materials exhibitedmoderate resistance
to pod borer exceptPatig with planting materials produced in 2008, 2009 and 2010were found to
have comparable mild resistance rating.
Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE)

Effect of production year of planting materials.The ROCE on growing pole snap beans
grown for seeds of different production years of pole snap beans is shown in Table 6. It was seen
that planting materials produced in 2010 recorded the highest ROCE followed by planting
materials that were produced in 2009. Planting materials produced in 2008 registered the least
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

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34
ROCE. Planting materials produced in the last two years before planting gave higher ROCE than
those planting materials produced in 2008. Although positive ROCE was realized even when the
seeds used in planting snap bean had been stored for three years under ambient room condition.

Effect of variety. All the varieties studied were found profitable. Mabungathat gave the
highest pod yield consequently had the highest ROCE followed by B 21 which had
comparableROCE with CPV 60. Patig registered the least ROCE (Table 6).

Interaction effect.Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009 recorded
the highest ROCE followed by CPV 60 and B 21 with planting materials produced in 2010. CPV
60 and B21 with planting materials produced in 2009 were comparable, 30% higher than Tublay
with planting materials produced in 2010. Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2008 had
143.41% ROCE, 15% higher than Tublay with planting materials produced in 2009. Tublay with
planting materials produced in 2008 had 13% advantage than Patig with planting materials
produced in 2010. CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008 and Patig with planting
materials produced in 2009 had comparable ROCE, 40% higher than Tublay with planting
materials produced in 2008. Patig with planting materials produced in 2008 had the least ROCE.

Table 6. Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) on growing five pole snap bean varieties from seeds
produced in three different years

GROSS
TOTAL
NET
ENTRIES
MARKETABLE
ROCE
PODS (kg)
SALE EXPENSES
INCOME
(PhP)
(PhP)
(PhP)
(%)
Planting materials





produced in 2008





Patig
8.5
340
246.5
93.5
37.93
Mabunga
15
600
246.5
353.5
143.41
CPV 60
12
480
246.5
233.5
94.73
Tublay
9.5
380
246.5
133.5
54.16
B 21
13.4
536
246.5
289.5
117.44
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

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35
Planting materials
produced in 2009





Patig
11.9
476
246.5
229.5
93.10
Mabunga
20.5
820
246.5
573.5
232.66
CPV 60
16.5
660
246.5
413.5
167.75
Tublay
14.1
564
246.5
317.5
128.80
B 21
16.6
664
246.5
417.5
169.37
Planting materials
produced in 2010





Patig
12.6
504
246.5
257.5
104.46
Mabunga
20.9
836
246.5
589.5
239.15
CPV 60
17.2
688
246.5
441.5
179.11
Tublay
14.7
588
246.5
341.5
138.54
B 21
16.8
672
246.5
425.5
172.62
• Total expenses includes land preparation, cost of compost fertilizer, trellis, care and
management include weeding, hilling-up and watering.

Selling price: Php 40/kg



SUMMARRY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary


The study was conducted at Benguet State University Experimental Station, Balili, La
Trinidad to evaluate different pole snap bean varieties with different production years of planting
materials under organic production system; determine the best variety and best storage duration
of seeds for planting material; and to determine the interaction effect of variety and different
storage duration of planting materials.

There were significant differences in almost all the parameters observed in this study
among the different production years of planting materials except for days from emergence to
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

36
flowering, pod diameter and resistance to bean rust and pod borer. Planting materials produced in
2010 had better or comparable performance with planting materials produced in 2009 which
significantly outperformed snap beans grown from planting materials produced in 2008.

In all the parameters measured, there were highly significant differences among the five
varieties evaluated. Mabunga was the first to germinate which was comparable to CPV 60, one
day earlier than Tublay and B 21. Patig took eight days to emerge. CPV 60 had the highest
percent germination which was comparable to B 21, Mabunga and Tublay. Patig had the least
percent emergence. CPV 60 flowered and matured first among the varieties evaluated. Patig was
the latest to flower and to mature. Mabungaoutyielded other varieties and it was observed
moderately resistant to bean rust and pod borer. Patig was the poorest yielder and it was observed
mildly resistant to bean rust and pod borer.

No significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting materials was
observed on the percent germination, number of days from emergence to last harvest, pod
diameter, weight of marketable pods per plot, reaction to bean rust infection and reaction to pod
borer infestation. However, significant interactions effect was observed on the number of days
from sowing to emergence, pod length and pod width. Furthermore, highly significant interaction
effect was observed on the number of days from emergence to flowering, number of days from
emergence to first harvest, weight of non-marketable pods per plot, total yield per plot and
computed yield per hectare.

In planting pole snap bean under organic production system, positive ROCE was
obtained regardless of production year of planting materials used. However, higher ROCE was
obtained from snap bean grown from planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010 or from one
to two year stored seeds. Mabunga registered the highest ROCE, followed by B 21 and CPV 60.
The other varieties also recorded very high ROCE. All the varieties grown in this study was
found profitable under organic production system in La Trinidad, Benguet.

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

37
Conclusions

The storage duration of planting materials of snap bean under ordinary room condition
affect the performance of the crop. The long duration of storage of planting materials caused the
seed to deteriorate. The results of this study proved that snap bean grown from seeds stored
within two years resulted in higher percent germination, longer pods and higher yield than those
snap bean grown from seeds stored longer than two years. Planting materials produced in 2009
and 2010 performed well in terms of growth and yield with high ROCE. Among the varieties
evaluated, CPV 60 had the highest percent germination and was early maturing variety. B 21,
Tublay and Mabunga are mid-maturing varieties while Patig was late maturing. All the varieties
studied were high yielding though Mabunga registered the highest yield and ROCE under organic
production system. Furthermore, all the varieties had moderate resistance to bean rust and pod
borer except for Patig which had mild resistance to the said pest and disease.

The variety and production year of planting materials had significant interaction effect on
number of days from sowing to emergence, number of days from emergence to first and last
harvest, pod length and width, weight of non-marketable pods, total yield per plot and computed
yield per hectare.


Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, one to two year old pole snap bean seeds could be used
to grow any of the five evaluated varieties of pole snap bean under organic production system in
La Trinidad, Benguet.





Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

38
LITERATURE CITED

BANTOG, N and PADUA, P. 1999. On-Farm Evaluation of Promising Varieties and Farmers’
Varietal Preferences on Pole Snap Beans in Different Elevations. Benguet State
University Research Journal. 7: 53 – 63

DE GUZMAN, L. and FERNANDEZ, P. 2003. Indigenous Seed Storage System of a Manuvu
Community in Davao City, Mindanao.Philippine Journal of Crop Science 2001.26 (3):
5 – 6

DURSUN, A. 2007.Variability, Heritability and Correlation Studies in Bean Genotypes.
Retrieved September 29, 2010 fromhttp://www.idosi.org/wjas/wjas3(1)/3.pdf.

ICISHAHAYO, D. NGADZE, E. MASHINGAIDZE, B. SIBIYA, J. MAYANGARIRWA, W.
CHIPINDU, B. DUBE, E. 2007. Effect of Irrigation and Planting Date on Common
Bean
Seed
Quality
and
Health.Retrieved
Sptember
29,
2010
fromhttp://www.acss.ws/Upload/XML/Research/258.pdf.

FERNANDEZ, D. 2003.Smallholder Production Practices. Department of Agricultural extension,
Bangladesh.Retrieved
September
29,
2010
from
http://www.fao.org/wairdocs/ILRI/x5551e04.html.

KAMPERMPOOL, P. 2005. Seed Germination as Affected by Chemicals and Coconut Water.
MS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 1.

MICROSOFT ENCARTA 2007 [CD]. “ SEED” Redmond; WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2006.

NAVAZIO, J., M. COLLEY, and M. DILLON. 2007. Principles and Practices of Organic Bean
Seed Production in the Pacific Northwest. Organic Seed Alliance.Retrieved September
29, 2010 fromhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/37269605/Bean-Seed-Manual. P 1 and 3

NEYNEY, B. 2005. Pod Setting and Fresh Pod Yield Potential of Commonly Grown Pole
Snapbean (Phaseous vulgaris L.) in La Trinidad, Benguet. BS Thesis. BSU, La
Trinidad, Benbguet. P. 18

PEET, M. 1995. Sustainable Practices for Vegetable Practices in the South.NCSU. Retrieve
September 29, 2010http://www.scribd.com/doc/37269605/Bean-Seed-Manual.

RAI, A. 1986.Performance of Bush Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by inoculation and
nitrogen fertilization. MS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp.2-3.

SHRESTHA, M. 1989. Varietal Response of Bush Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to Fertilization and
Inoculation. MS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 1 and 2.

TANDANG, L. L. KIMEU, A. M. AMLOS, B. B. BAGTILA, J. G. KEBASEN, B. A. and G. R.
MAGHIRANG. 2007. Development and Evaluation of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Cultivars for the Philippine Highlands. A paper presented during the 2009 Agency In-
house Review at Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 11

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

39
TANDANG,L. L. KIMEU, A. M.AMLOS, B. B. BAGTILA, J. G. KEBASEN, B. A. and G. R.
MAGHIRANG. 2008. Development and Evaluation of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Cultivars for the Philippine Highlands. A Paper presented during the 2009 agency In-
house Review at Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 20

WIKIPEDIA. 2010. Wikipedia, The free encyclopedia. Retrieved September 29, 2010
fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common-bean.



APPENDICES


Appendix Table 1. Number of days from sowing to emergence

ENTRIES

REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig

8
8
8


24
8. 00
Mabunga

7
7
7

21
7.00
CPV 60

7
6
6

19
6.33
Tublay

7
7
7

21
7.00
B 21

7
7
7

21
7.00


2009
Patig

7
8
8


23
7. 67
Mabunga

6
6
6

18
6.00
CPV 60

6
6
6

18
6.00
Tublay

7
7
7

21
7.00
B 21

7
7
7

21
7.00


2010
Patig

7
7
8


22
7. 33
Mabunga

7
6
6

19
6.33
CPV 60

6
6
6

18
6.00
Tublay

7
7
7

21
7.00
B 21

6
6
6

18
6.00


TOTAL

102
101
102



GRAND TOTAL
305
GRAND MEAN





6. 78



















Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

40
TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
8
8
7
23
8c
Mabunga

7
6
6

19
6a
CPV 60

6
6
6

18
6a
Tublay

7
7
7

21
7b
B 21

7
7
6

20
7b


Production year of
35
34
33

102

planting materials total
MEAN

7b
6a
6a


7
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN COMPUTED
F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.044
0.022



FACTOR A
2
2.178
1.089
11.62**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
12.667
3.167
33.81**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
2.267
0.283
3.02*
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
2.622
0.094



TOTAL
44
19.778




** - highly significant





C.V. = 4.52%
* - significant





















Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

41
Appendix Table 2. Number of days from emergence to flowering

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig


48
4 7

48

1 43

48
Mabunga

41
42
42

125
42
CPV 60

42
42
43

127
42


Tublay
44
45
46
135
45


B 21
45
44
44
133
44


2009
Patig


47
4 7

47

1 41

47
Mabunga

42
43
42

127
42


CPV 60
41
41
40
122
41
Tublay

45
45
46

136
45
B 21

46
44
45

135
45


2010







Patig
47
47
47
141
47
Mabunga

43
43
43

129
43
CPV 60

41
41
40

122
41
Tublay

45
45
45

135
45
B 21

45
44
44

133
44


TOTAL

662
660
662



GRAND TOTAL
1984
GRAND MEAN






44

















TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
48
47
47
142
47d
Mabunga

42
42
43

127
42b
CPV 60

42
41
41

124
41a
Tublay

45
45
45

135
45c
B 21

44
45
44

134
45c
Production year o f

planting materials
221
220
220

661
total

MEAN

44
44
44


44


Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

42
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.178
0.089



FACTOR A
2
0.311
0.156
0.44ns
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
201.422
50.356
143.54** 2.71
4.07
A x B
8
9.911
1.239
3.53** 2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
9.822
0.351



TOTAL
44
221.644




** - highly significant





C.V. = 1.34%
ns - notsignific


Appendix Table 3. Number of days from emergence to first harvest

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
59
60
60
179
60


Mabunga
54
55
55
164
55


CPV 60
50
51
51
152
51


Tublay
54
56
55
165
55


B 21
56
57
57
170
57


2009







Patig
59
59
60
178
59
Mabunga

55
57
56

168
56


CPV 60
49
49
50
148
49


Tublay
58
57
56
171
57


B 21
58
60
59
177
59


2010







Patig
59
59
60
178
59
Mabunga

57
56
55

168
56


CPV 60
49
49
50
148
49


Tublay
55
57
55
167
56


B 21
57
55
55
167
56


TOTAL

829
837
834



GRAND TOTAL
2500





GRAND MEAN




56









Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

43








TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
60
59
59
178
59c


Mabunga
55
56
56
167
56b


CPV 60
51
49
49
149
50a


Tublay
55
57
56
168
56b


B 21
57
59
56
171
57b


Production year of
277
281
276

833
planting materials total

MEAN

55a
56b
55a


56
ANOVA TABLE
SOURCE OF DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
2.178
1.089



FACTOR A
2
7.644
3.822
5.79** 3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
459.333
114.833
173.90** 2.71
4.07
A x B
8
23.467
2.933
4.44** 2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
18.489
0.660



TOTAL
44
511.111




** - highly significant





C.V. = 1.


Appendix Table 4. Number of days from emergence to last harvest

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
96
95
95
286
95


Mabunga
94
94
94
282
94


CPV 60
90
90
91
271
90


Tublay
90
91
91
272
91


B 21
90
92
91
273
91


2009







Patig
95
95
95
285
95
Mabunga

95
95
95

285
95


CPV 60
90
91
91
272
91


Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

44
Tublay
92
92
91
275
92


B 21
92
92
90
274
91


2010







Patig
96
95
96
287
96
Mabunga

95
95
95

285
95


CPV 60
90
92
91
273
91


Tublay
91
92
92
275
92


B 21
91
91
91
273
91


TOTAL

1387
1392
1389



GRAND TOTAL
4168





GRAND MEAN




93

















TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
95
95
96
286
95a


Mabunga
94
95
95
284
95a


CPV 60
90
91
91
272
91b


Tublay
91
92
92
274
91b


B 21
91
91
91
273
91b
Production year o f

planting materials
461
464
464

1389

total
MEAN

92b
93a
93a


93
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.844
0.422



FACTOR A
2
2.978
1.489
3.97*
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
173.689
43.422
115.91**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
2.578
0.322
0.86ns
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
10.489
0.375



TOTAL
44
190.578




** - highly significant





C.V. = 0.66%
* - significant
ns - not significant

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

45
Appendix Table 5. Percent emergence

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig

40 .00
31 .10
37 .80

10 8.90
36 .30
Mabunga

57.70
55.60
50.00

163.30
54.43
CPV 60

47.80
58.90
58.90

165.60
55.20
Tublay

36.60
53.30
41.10

131.00
43.67
B 21

44.40
65.60
51.10

161.10
53.70


2009







Patig
72.20
51.10
55.60
178.90
59.63
Mabunga

83.30
66.70
77.80

227.80
75.93
CPV 60

87.80
75.60
87.80

251.20
83.73
Tublay

61.10
71.10
70.00

202.20
67.40


B 21
64.40
70.00
65.60
200.00
66.67


2010
Patig

81 .10
55 .40
61 .10

19 7.60
65 .87
Mabunga

73.30
76.70
67.80

217.80
72.60
CPV 60

90.00
90.00
87.80

267.80
89.27
Tublay

86.70
82.20
77.80

246.70
82.23
B 21

84.40
88.90
91.10

264.40
88.13
TOTAL

1010.80
992.20
981.30



GRAND TOTAL
2984.30
GRAND MEAN





66 .32











TW
O-WAY TA BLE











VARIETY
VARIETY
MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
36.30
59.63
65.87
161.80
53.93e


Mabunga
54.43
75.93
72.60
202.97
67.66c


CPV 60
55.20
83.73
89.27
228.20
76.07a


Tublay
43.67
67.40
82.23
193.30
64.43d


B 21
53.70
66.67
88.13
208.50
69.50b
Production year
of

planting materials
243.30
353.37
398.10
total

994.77

MEAN

48.66b
70.67a
79.62a


66.32

ANOVA TABLE
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

46

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
29.667
14.834



FACTOR A
2
7615.757
3807.878
68.83**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
2374.944
593.736
10.73**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
735.719
91.965
1.66ns
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
1548.920
55.319



TOTAL
44
12305.006




** - highly significant





C.V. = 11.22%
ns - not significant

Appendix Table 6. Pod length (cm)

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
13.20
14.20
14.40
41.80
13.93


Mabunga
18.30
18.30
18.40
55.00
18.33


CPV 60
13.60
13.20
12.70
39.50
13.17


Tublay
12.40
13.00
12.90
38.30
12.77


B 21
12.60
12.20
12.40
37.20
12.40


2009







Patig
14.20
13.60
12.90
40.70
13.57
Mabunga

18.60
18.50
19.00

56.10
18.70


CPV 60
13.50
13.50
14.20
41.20
13.73


Tublay
13.10
13.00
13.10
39.20
13.07


B 21
12.80
13.60
13.80
40.20
13.40


2010







Patig
13.30
14.20
14.00
41.50
13.83
Mabunga

18.20
17.20
17.70

53.10
17.70


CPV 60
14.50
14.00
14.30
42.80
14.27


Tublay
12.70
13.20
13.40
39.30
13.10


B 21
13.70
13.40
13.00
40.10
13.37


TOTAL

214.70 215.10
216.20



GRAND TOTAL
646.00





GRAND MEAN




14.36


















Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

47
TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
13.93
13.57
13.83
41.33
13.78b


Mabunga
18.33
18.70
17.70
54.73
18.24a


CPV 60
13.17
13.73
14.27
41.17
13.72b


Tublay
12.77
13.07
13.10
38.93
12.98c


B 21
12.40
13.40
13.37
39.17
13.06bc
Production year o f

planting materials
70.60
72.47
72.27

215.33
total

MEAN

14.12b
14.49a
14.45a


14.36
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.080
0.040



FACTOR A
2
1.260
0.630
3.60*
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
175.020
43.755
249.71**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
4.444
0.555
3.17*
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
4.906
0.175



TOTAL
44
185.711




** - highly significant





C.V. = 2.92%
* - significant



Appendix Table 7. Pod width (cm)

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
1.00
1.06
1.08
3.14
1.05


Mabunga
1.00
1.04
1.02
3.06
1.02


CPV 60
1.04
1.04
1.00
3.08
1.03


Tublay
1.00
1.04
1.02
3.06
1.02


B 21
0.98
1.02
0.98
2.98
0.99


2009







Patig
1.00
1.02
1.04
3.06
1.02
Mabunga

1.02
1.06
1.06

3.14
1.05


Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

48
CPV 60
0.94
1.02
1.00
2.96
0.99


Tublay
1.00
1.02
0.98
3.00
1.00


B 21
0.90
0.96
0.98
2.84
0.95


2010







Patig
1.02
1.02
1.04
3.08
1.03
Mabunga

1.04
1.08
1.02

3.14
1.05


CPV 60
1.04
1.06
1.06
3.16
1.05


Tublay
0.98
1.00
1.00
2.98
0.99


B 21
1.04
1.00
1.00
3.04
1.01


TOTAL

15.00
15.44
15.28



GRAND TOTAL
45.72





GRAND MEAN



1.02


















TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
1.05
1.02
1.03
3.09
1.03b


Mabunga
1.02
1.05
1.05
3.11
1.04a


CPV 60
1.03
0.99
1.05
3.07
1.02c


Tublay
1.02
1.00
0.99
3.01
1.00d


B 21
0.99
0.95
1.01
2.95
0.98e
Production year o f

planting materials
5.11
5.00
5.13
total

15.24

MEAN

1.02a
1.00b
1.03a


1.02
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.163
0.082



FACTOR A
2
0.166
0.083
6.89**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
0.407
0.102
8.45**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
0.285
0.036
2.96*
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
0.337
0.012



TOTAL
44
1.358




** - highly significant





C.V. = 2.16%
* - significant

Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

49
Appendix Table 8. Pod diameter (cm)

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008

1. 03
1. 03
1. 03

3. 09
1.
Patig
03

1.04
1.05
1.06

Mabunga
3.15
1.05

1.05
1.07
1.05

CPV 60
3.17
1.06

1.04
1.03
1.06

Tublay
3.13
1.04

1.03
1.03
1.02

B 21
3.08
1.03


2009

1. 03
1. 03
1. 02

3. 08
1.
Patig
03
Mabunga

1.05
1.06
1.05

3.16
1.05

1.05
1.05
1.04

CPV 60
3.14
1.05

1.03
1.05
1.03

Tublay
3.11
1.04

1.02
1.05
1.03

B 21
3.10
1.03


2010

1. 02
1. 03
1. 03

3. 08
1.
Patig
03
Mabunga

1.05
1.05
1.04

3.14
1.05

1.05
1.05
1.05

CPV 60
3.15
1.05

1.03
1.05
1.05

Tublay
3.13
1.04

1.03
1.05
1.02

B 21
3.10
1.03


TOTAL

15.55
15.68
15.58



GRAND TOTAL
46.81





GRAND MEAN



1.04


















TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
1.03
1.03
1.03
3.09
1.03b


Mabunga
1.05
1.05
1.05
3.15
1.05a


CPV 60
1.06
1.05
1.05
3.16
1.05a


Tublay
1.04
1.04
1.04
3.12
1.04ab


B 21
1.03
1.03
1.03
3.09
1.03b
Production year o f

planting materials
5.21
5.2
5.2

15.61
total

MEAN

1.04
1.04
1.04


1.04
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

50
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.062
0.031



FACTOR A
2
0.003
0.002
0.20ns
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
0.404
0.102
13.07**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
0.039
0.005
0.63ns
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
0.218
0.008



TOTAL
44
0.730




** - highly significant





C.V. = 0.85%
ns - not significant

Appendix Table 9. Weight of marketable pods per plot (kg/5m2)

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
2.80
3.20
2.50
8.50
2.83


Mabunga
4.80
5.50
4.70
15.00
5.00


CPV 60
4.10
4.10
3.80
12.00
4.00


Tublay
3.00
3.30
3.20
9.50
3.17


B 21
4.60
4.50
4.30
13.40
4.47


2009







Patig
4.30
3.70
3.90
11.90
3.97
Mabunga

6.90
6.80
6.80

20.50
6.83


CPV 60
5.10
5.60
5.80
16.50
5.50


Tublay
4.50
4.80
4.80
14.10
4.70


B 21
5.50
5.80
5.30
16.60
5.53


2010







Patig
4.50
3.90
4.20
12.60
4.20
Mabunga

7.10
6.80
7.00

20.90
6.97


CPV 60
5.60
5.60
6.00
17.20
5.73


Tublay
4.80
5.00
4.90
14.70
4.90


B 21
5.80
5.70
5.30
16.80
5.60


TOTAL

73.40
74.30
72.50



GRAND TOTAL
220.20





GRAND MEAN




4.89


















Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

51
TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
2.83
3.97
4.20
11.00
3.67d


Mabunga
5.00
6.83
6.97
18.80
6.27a


CPV 60
4.00
5.50
5.73
15.23
5.08b


Tublay
3.17
4.70
4.90
12.77
4.26c


B 21
4.47
5.53
5.60
15.60
5.20b
Production year o f

planting materials
19.47
26.53
27.40

73.40
total

MEAN

3.89b
5.31a
5.48a


4.89

ANOVA TABLE
SOURCE OF DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.108
0.054



FACTOR A
2
22.725
11.363
176.23**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
35.330
8.833
136.99**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
0.859
0.107
1.67ns
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
1.805
0.064



TOTAL
44
60.828




** - highly significant





C.V. = 5.19%
ns - not significant


Appendix Table 10. Weight of non-marketable pods per plot (kg/5m2)

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
0.64
0.74
0.66
2.04
0.68


Mabunga
1.10
1.67
1.32
4.09
1.36


CPV 60
0.80
0.97
0.96
2.73
0.91


Tublay
0.62
0.73
0.75
2.10
0.70


B 21
0.83
1.24
1.10
3.17
1.06


2009







Patig
0.85
0.96
0.86
2.67
0.89
Mabunga

2.34
2.40
2.46

7.20
2.40


CPV 60
1.08
1.10
1.26
3.44
1.15


Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

52
Tublay
0.96
1.00
1.36
3.32
1.11


B 21
0.78
1.10
1.09
2.97
0.99


2010







Patig
0.97
0.90
0.87
2.74
0.91
Mabunga

2.15
2.60
2.36

7.11
2.37


CPV 60
1.30
1.28
1.45
4.03
1.34


Tublay
1.16
1.25
1.30
3.71
1.24


B 21
0.91
0.97
0.93
2.81
0.94


TOTAL

16.49
18.91
18.73



GRAND TOTAL
54.13





GRAND MEAN




1.20

















TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
0.68
0.89
0.91
2.48
0.83c


Mabunga
1.36
2.40
2.37
6.13
2.04a


CPV 60
0.91
1.15
1.34
3.40
1.13b


Tublay
0.70
1.11
1.24
3.04
1.01bc


B 21
1.06
0.99
0.94
2.98
0.99bc
Production year o f

planting materials
4.71
6.53
6.80

18.04
total

MEAN

0.94b
1.31a
1.36a


1.20
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.242
0.121



FACTOR A
2
1.553
0.776
57.72**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
8.395
2.099
156.04**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
1.410
0.176
13.10**
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
0.377
0.013



TOTAL
44
11.976




** - highly significant





C.V. = 9.64%



Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

53
Appendix Table 11. Total yield per plot (kg/5m2)

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
3.44
3.94
3.16
10.54
3.51


Mabunga
5.90
7.17
6.02
19.09
6.36


CPV 60
4.90
5.07
4.76
14.73
4.91


Tublay
3.62
4.03
3.95
11.60
3.87


B 21
5.43
5.74
5.40
16.57
5.52


2009
Patig

5. 15
4. 66
4. 76

14 .57
4. 86
Mabunga

9.24
9.20
9.26

27.70
9.23


CPV 60
6.18
6.70
7.06
19.94
6.65


Tublay
5.46
5.80
6.16
17.42
5.81


B 21
6.28
6.90
6.39
19.57
6.52


2010
Patig

5. 47
4. 80
5. 07

15 .34
5. 11
Mabunga

9.25
9.40
9.36

28.01
9.34


CPV 60
6.90
6.88
7.45
21.23
7.08


Tublay
5.96
6.25
6.20
18.41
6.14


B 21
6.71
6.67
6.23
19.61
6.54


TOTAL

89.89
93.21
91.23



GRAND TOTAL
274.33





GRAND MEAN




6.10

















TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
3.51
4.86
5.11
13.48
4.49d


Mabunga
6.36
9.23
9.34
24.93
8.31a


CPV 60
4.91
6.65
7.08
18.63
6.21b


Tublay
3.87
5.81
6.14
15.81
5.27c


B 21
5.52
6.52
6.54
18.58
6.19b


Production year of
24.18
33.07
34.20

91.44
planting materials total

MEAN

4.84b
6.61a
6.84a


6.10
ANOVA TABLE
Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

54

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.372
0.186



FACTOR A
2
36.157
18.078
182.94**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
73.592
18.398
186.18**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
4.310
0.539
5.45**
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
2.767
0.099



TOTAL
44
117.198




** - highly significant





C.V. = 5.16%


Appendix Table 12. Computed yield per hectare (t/ha)

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
6.88
7.88
6.32
21.08
7.03


Mabunga
11.80
14.34
12.04
38.18
12.73


CPV 60
9.80
10.14
9.52
29.46
9.82


Tublay
7.24
8.06
7.90
23.20
7.73


B 21
10.86
11.48
10.80
33.14
11.05


2009







Patig
10.30
9.32
9.52
29.14
9.71
Mabunga

18.48
18.40
18.52

55.40
18.47


CPV 60
12.36
13.40
14.12
39.88
13.29


Tublay
10.92
11.60
12.32
34.84
11.61


B 21
12.56
13.80
12.78
39.14
13.05


2010







Patig
10.94
9.60
10.14
30.68
10.23
Mabunga

18.50
18.80
18.72

56.02
18.67


CPV 60
13.80
13.76
14.90
42.46
14.15


Tublay
11.92
12.50
12.40
36.82
12.27


B 21
13.42
13.34
12.46
39.22
13.07


TOTAL

179.78 186.42
182.46



GRAND TOTAL
548.66





GRAND MEAN




12.19


















Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

55
TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
7.03
9.71
10.23
26.97
8.99d


Mabunga
12.73
18.47
18.67
49.87
16.62a


CPV 60
9.82
13.29
14.15
37.27
12.42b


Tublay
7.73
11.61
12.27
31.62
10.54c


B 21
11.05
13.05
13.07
37.17
12.39b
Production year o f

planting materials
48.35
66.13
68.40

182.89
total

MEAN

9.67b
13.23a
13.68a


12.19

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
1.488
0.744



FACTOR A
2
144.627
72.313
182.94**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
294.369
73.592
186.18**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
17.239
2.155
5.45**
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
11.068
0.395



TOTAL
44
468.791




** - highly significant





C.V. = 5.16%


Appendix Table 13. Bean rust infection

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
4
4
4
12
4.00


Mabunga
3
2
2
7
2.33


CPV 60
1
1
2
4
1.33


Tublay
2
3
2
7
2.33


B 21
2
2
3
7
2.33
2009









Patig
4
3
4
11
3.67


Mabunga
2
2
2
6
2.00


CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00


Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

56
Tublay
3
3
2
8
2.67


B 21
3
2
3
8
2.67


2010
Patig

3
4
3


10
3. 33


Mabunga
2
3
2
7
2.33


CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00


Tublay
2
2
3
7
2.33


B 21
2
3
3
8
2.67


TOTAL

37
38
39



GRAND TOTAL
114





GRAND MEAN



2.53


















TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
4.00
3.67
3.33
11.00
3.67a


Mabunga
2.33
2.00
2.33
6.67
2.22b


CPV 60
1.33
2.00
2.00
5.33
1.78b


Tublay
2.33
2.67
2.33
7.33
2.44b


B 21
2.33
2.67
2.67
7.67
2.56b
Production year o f

planting materials
12.33
13.00
12.67

38.00
total

MEAN

2.47
2.60
2.53


2.53
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
O.133
0.067



FACTOR A
2
0.133
0.067
0.26ns
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
17.644
4.411
17.15**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
2.089
0.261
1.01ns
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
7.200
0.257



TOTAL
44
27.200




** - highly significant





C.V. = 20.02%
ns - not significant



Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

57
Appendix Table 14. Pod borer infestation

ENTRIES
REPLICATION

TOTAL
MEAN

I
II
III

2008







Patig
3
3
2
8
2.67


Mabunga
2
2
3
7
2.33


CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00


Tublay
2
3
2
7
2.33


B 21
2
2
2
6
2.00


2009







Patig
3
3
2
8
2.67
Mabunga

2
2
3

7
2.33


CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00


Tublay
2
2
2
6
2.00


B 21
2
2
2
6
2.00
2010









Patig
3
3
3
9
3.00
Mabunga

2
2
2

6
2.00


CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00


Tublay
2
2
2
6
2.00


B 21
2
2
2
6
2.00


TOTAL

33
34
33



GRAND TOTAL
100





GRAND MEAN




2.22

















TWO-WAY TABLE








VARIETY
VARIETY MEAN

YS8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig
2.67
2.67
3.00
8.33
2.78


Mabunga
2.33
2.33
2.00
6.67
2.22


CPV 60
2.00
2.00
2.00
6.00
2.00


Tublay
2.33
2.00
2.00
6.33
2.11


B 21
2.00
2.00
2.00
6.00
2.00
Production year o f

planting materials
total

11.33
11.00
11.00
33.33
MEAN

2.27
2.20
2.20


2.22


Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

58
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE OF
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
VARIANCE
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED F 0.05
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.01
REPLICATION
2
O.044
0.022



FACTOR A
2
0.044
0.022
0.19ns
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4
3.778
0.944
8.04**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
0.622
0.078
0.66ns
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28
3.289
0.117



TOTAL
44
7.778




** - highly significant





C.V. = 15.42%
ns - not significant
















Evaluation Of Ten Glutinous Rice ( Oryza Sativa) Varieties Under Kapangan, Benguet
Condition/Jomar W. Tay-Eo

---

Document Outline

• Evaluation of Ten Glutinous Rice(Oryza sativa)Varieties under Kapangan, Benguet Condition
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • ABSTRACT
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS
  • RESULTS AND DICUSSION
  • LITERATURE CITED
  • APPENDICES

---