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FUNCTIONALITY OF BARANGAY COUNCILS
FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN
IN BONTOC, MOUNTAIN PROVINCE
ABRAHAM P. MANG-USAN
SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE OPEN UNIVERSITY,
BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY, LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET,
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
APRIL 2010
i
ABSTRACT
MANG-USAN, ABRAHAM P. April 2010. Functionality of
Barangay Councils for the Protection of Children in Bontoc, Mountain
Province. Benguet State University, Open University, La Trinidad,
Benguet.
Adviser: Elita B. Herrero, MSW
The case study looked into the functionality of the Barangay
Councils for the Protection of Children (BCPCs). It determined the level of
the functionality of the BCPCs and identified factors which contribute to its
functionality. Factors which constraint the BCPC in its functionality were
also determined and recommendations for strengthening the BCPC were
noted.
The study is a qualitative research that made use of the descriptive
and narrative evaluation methodology. Data gathered was subjected to
validation through collateral information. The respondents of the study
were the members of the BCPC and other stakeholders from the six
Barangays in Bontoc. A questionnaire was used to collect data. This is
supplemented by personal interviews, focus group discussions, and
document reviews. The data collected were organized and critically
v
analyzed using the typology of BCPC functionality in line with the
objectives of the study.
The study provided the opportunity for the members of the BCPC to
be participants in the evaluation. In the process of getting involved in the
study, they came into realization of the competence that they have and
don’t have. This gave them more motivation to change the situation.
Findings show that out of the six BCPCs assessed, only one BCPC
is at Level 2: Organizational Level of Functionality. All the other five
BCPCs are still at Level 1: Structural Level of Functionality. Factors
identified that promote the BCPC functionality include the presence of a
clear guideline and procedure on its establishment, organization,
composition, structure and organizational set up. The awareness and
support of community people and the BCPC members help in making the
BCPC functional. It was also noted that the practice of shared leadership
in the council facilitates the functionality of the BCPC. The last factors
noted that enabled the BCPC to function were work values and working
relationship between and among the members of the BCPC. The BCPC
was able to move against difficulties because of its strong social
commitment and selfless concern to children in the locality.
On the other hand, low technical know-how was found out to be the
major constraint in the functionality of the BCPC. This has resulted in poor
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local planning and poor project management. The non-allocation and non-
availability of budget and resource for the BCPC exacerbated the situation
making the BCPC unable to implement its work plans and projects. The
mandated minimum 1% of the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) of the
barangay for the BCPC is not being implemented.
Technical assistance from external agencies is one of the solutions
identified to help strengthen the BCPCs. There should also be continuous
education for the BCPC members and the community people about the
BCPC to be able to generate mass support and sustain active involvement
and participation.
This study provided these recommendations from the respondents
and from this researcher. Such recommendations will enable the BCPC to
fulfill its obligations in the upliftment and promotion of rights of the
children.
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1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
The Bible often depicts children as gifts of God and signs of God’s
blessing. Children are sources of joy and pleasure, who ultimately come
from God and belong to God. Psalm 127:3 of the New World Translation
of the Holy Scriptures (1984) says children are a “heritage” from the Lord
and a “reward”. In Genesis 30:20 of the same book, Leah, Jacob’s first
wife, speaks of her sixth son as a dowry, or wedding gift, presented by
God.
Further, Genesis 30:11, 22 and Samuel 1:11, 19 state that parents
who receive these precious gifts are being “remembered” by God and
given “good fortune” to be “fruitful” with children is to receive God’s
blessing (Zuck, 1996).
Children, we should remember, are God’s gifts not only to their
parents, but also to the community. They will grow up not only to be sons
and daughters but also husbands, wives, friends, neighbors, and citizens.
In every honest heart, there must be an innate love for children.
Their innocence, their purity, their quick receptivity to good, makes an
irresistible appeal to everyone who is awake to loveliness. Ever since
Jesus said to his disciples, "Suffer the little children to come unto me, and
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forbid them not: for of such is the kingdom of God," the Christian world has
recognized that it is only the cold, Pharisaical thought would push children
aside as troublesome and of little real importance (Hoag, 1999).
Although children are developing, they are, at the same time, whole
and complete human beings made in the image of God; and thus they are
worthy of respect and dignity (Anderson and Johnson, 1994).
Recognizing the full humanity of children is the first step towards
treating all children with respect. All children, regardless of race, gender,
or class, are fully human and worthy of respect. The call to advance the
welfare of children around the world prompted nations to draft and issue
international declarations related to children’s rights. The Geneva
Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1924 contains five stipulations
namely:
1. The child must be given the means requisite for its normal
development, both materially and spiritually;
2. The child that is hungry must be fed; the child that is sick must
be nursed; the child that is backward must be helped; the delinquent child
must be reclaimed; and the orphan and the waif must be sheltered and
succored;
3. The child must be the first to receive relief in times of distress;
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4. The child must be put in a position to earn a livelihood, and must
be protected against every form of exploitation;
5. The child must be brought up in the consciousness that its
talents must be devoted to the service of fellow men.
During the Cold War era, the United Nations became conscious of
the wide-spread suffering of children throughout the world and concluded
that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, advanced in 1949 to
promote human dignity, well-being, and rights in general, had largely failed
to recognize and enforce the special rights to which every child is entitled.
The United Nations drafted the Declaration on the Rights of the Child,
setting forth ten principles in defense of every child’s need for special
safeguards, including appropriate legal protection, before and after birth.
After three decades of the Declaration on the Rights of the Child,
the UN General Assembly in 1989 pushed for implementation of the UN
Convention on the Rights Child (UNCRC). The Convention is the first
legally binding international treaty to give universally-recognized norms
and standards for the protection and promotion of children's rights in a
single text. It is also the most rapidly and widely ratified international
human rights treaty in the world. This unprecedented wide participation
clearly shows a common political will to improve the situation of children.
4
In September 2000, building upon a decade of major United
Nations conferences and summits, world leaders came together at United
Nations Headquarters in New York to adopt the United Nations Millennium
Declaration, committing their nations to a new global partnership to reduce
extreme poverty and setting out a series of time-bound targets - with a
deadline of 2015 - that have become known as the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs).
The Philippines, in particular, mindful of its commitments to the
foregoing global agenda, strongly recognizes that the protection of
children from abuse, exploitation and violence is fundamental to their
survival and development and is therefore a pre-requisite to achieving a
number of the MDGs. Conversely, working towards some of the MDGs
such as empowering women, achieving universal primary education and
developing decent and productive work for youth, will contribute to a
reduction in the number of Filipino children becoming victims of abuse,
exploitation and violence. (http://www.session/how country/edr-philippines-
en.pdf)
The Millennium Declaration and MDGs explicitly address child
protection. A closer look at the MDGs shows that not a single goal can be
achieved without including child protection strategies and interventions.
Failing to protect children from such issues as abuse, exploitation and
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violence in schools, child labor, trafficking, commercial sexual exploitation,
and armed conflict, among others, will end up squandering society's most
precious resource. Reaching all children who are most vulnerable,
disadvantaged, and in need of special protection will help ensure the
survival, health, development and well-being of all and is indispensable to
achieve the MDGs.
In light of the MDGs and the United Nations General Assembly on
HIV/AIDS (UNGASS) outcome document “A World Fit for Children”, the
Philippine Government has developed a “National Strategic Framework for
Plan Development for Children”. Popularly known as “Child 21” and
spanning 25 years up to 2025, its goal is to build a child-sensitive and
child-friendly society as the country's promise to Filipino children in the
21st century. It is meant to serve as a road map and a guide to make plans
and programs for children more focused. Child 21 also places strong
emphasis on the rights and unique needs and circumstances of
disadvantaged and vulnerable children and provides a sharper focus on
the rights of all children to special protection.
Addressing child abuse, exploitation and violence calls for the
creation of a protective and caring environment for children. Ensuring that
children grow up in a protective and caring environment is what is called
for in the UNGASS outcome document, “A World Fit for Children” in which
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the Philippine Government is a signatory. United Nations International
Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), through all its country offices
around the world, has strongly advocated for this protective and caring
environment, where every element of that environment contributes to child
protection and where every actor does his or her part in addressing abuse,
exploitation and violence.
A protective and caring environment for children must permeate all
societal levels and institutional settings – family, school, church, mass
media, justice system, local community or barangay, city or municipality,
and the larger society.
A protective and caring environment for children includes the
following elements:
1. The government, national and local, is truly committed to child
protection.
2. Laws are in place and are consistently enforced.
3.
Attitudes,
customs
and
practices,
including
gender
discrimination, that facilitate or lead to abuse, exploitation and violence are
challenged and changed.
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4. Child protection issues are openly discussed in the mass media
and among civil society partners.
5. Children are equipped with knowledge and skills to protect
themselves from abuse, exploitation and violence.
6. All those who interact with children – parents, teachers, religious
leaders, social workers, health workers, law enforcers, prosecutors,
judges, etc. – know how to recognize and respond to abuse, exploitation
and violence.
7. Basic and preventive social services as well as specialized
services for rescue, recovery, healing and reintegration are available for
all children without discrimination.
8. Monitoring systems are designed to identify, count and track
children who are at risk and victims of abuse, exploitation and violence.11
Many of the elements of the protective and caring environment are
interlinked. For instance, governmental commitment may dictate whether
basic social services as well as specialized interventions for victims of
abuse, exploitation and violence are provided, or whether investment is
made in setting up effective monitoring and reporting systems. Similarly,
vigilant and active involvement of mass media and civil society
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organizations can be a critical factor in challenging and changing values
and attitudes.
According to UNICEF’s Mid-Decade Goals for Filipino Children, a
protective and caring environment for children is an important aspect of
the Child-Friendly Movement which has been propagated under the GOP-
UNICEF Country Programme for Children as the main vehicle for
translating the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and
its Optional Protocols into a concrete reality in the lives of Filipino children.
The Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) is a
local institution created to attend to the needs and rights of children in the
community; it serves as the umbrella organization for all children’s
concerns in the locality. It is a mechanism geared towards a child-friendly
community specifically tasked to translate the standards and provisions
into concrete actions that will lead to the fulfillment of Filipino children’s
rights to survival, development, protection, and participation.
The municipality of Bontoc is one of the municipalities in Mt.
Province that actively promote a child-friendly community. The challenge
has been taken by different local institutions in every barangay in the
municipality. The BCPC, along with other local institutions like the Local
Development Council, the Katarungang Pambarangay, the Sanguniang
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Barangay, the Sanguniang Kabataan, and the Local Health Station work
hand in hand in the promotion of children’s welfare at the barangay level.
The annual search for the most child friendly barangay in the
municipality is regularly being conducted. Since a child-friendly barangay
is a multi sector endeavor, the BCPC has to be functional enough to be
able to deliver its functions particularly in providing a protective and caring
environment for children.
Statement of the Problem
The functionality of the BCPC has been an issue in the different
barangays not only in Bontoc but also in other parts of the country. Most
people perceive BCPC as an organization that fails to do what it was
mandated to perform. The lack of evidences of the BCPC’s performance
contributes to its negative image.
The research aimed to find answers to the following problems:
1. What is the level of functionality of the BCPC in the six
barangays of Bontoc?
2. What are the facilitating factors that contribute to the functionality
of the BCPC in the six barangays of Bontoc?
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3. What are the constraints in implementing the functions of the
BCPC in the six barangays of Bontoc?
4. How can the functionality of the BCPC in the barangays of
Bontoc be enhanced?
The children are one of the best assets in the community but are
also one of the most marginalized sectors. The functionality of the BCPC
is deemed very necessary to be able for it to discharge its functions in
advancing the cause of children in the community.
Objectives of the Study
The Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Incorporated (AFPI)
has been working for children’s welfare for the past 17 years in several
communities in the country particularly in the area of education. It is
guided by its vision of uplifting the dignity and self-worth of children, youth
and their families. The Foundation believes that providing the children the
opportunity to develop their full potentials can make them productive
members of the society where they belong.
After working with communities for the past 17 years, AFPI takes a
step forward in strengthening its partnership with the communities in order
to further advance the cause of the children. It is the strategic future
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direction of Alouette Foundation to work closely with local institutions in
the barangay particularly with the BCPC in building a child- friendly
community.
The AFPI has a stake in this study. This research is an initial
assessment by the Foundation on the communities where its beneficiaries
are staying. The information gathered as to how the communities were
able to provide a caring and protective environment to the children is very
useful for Foundation to come up with action points in order to help
enhance the functionality of the BCPCs.
The objectives of the research are:
1. To find out the level of functionality of the BCPC in the six
barangays of Bontoc;
2. To identify the factors that facilitate the functionality of the BCPC
in the six barangays of Bontoc;
3. To point out factors that constraint the functionality of the BCPC
in the six barangays of Bontoc;
4. To identify ways to enhance the functionality of BCPCs in the six
barangays of Bontoc, Mountain Province.
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Importance of the Study
Firstly, the output of this study is important because the use of
qualitative methodology in the generation of the data provides the
members of the BCPC to be participants in the assessment on the level of
the functionality of their own BCPC.
Secondly, through the data gathering methodology that was
employed, the members of the BCPCs were able to identify the factors
that facilitate the functionality of the BCPC as well as the factors that
constraint its functionality.
Thirdly, the methodology used in this study enabled the members
of the BCPC to give recommendations in enhancing the functionality of
their BCPCs.
The conduct of this study provided opportunity for them to
participate in the self-assessment of their BCPC and whatever findings
this study yields is owned by them and may therefore lead to the
enhancement of the functionality of their BCPC’s.
Scope and Delimitations of the Study
The study assessed the Barangay Council for the Protection of
Children of the six out of 16 barangays of Bontoc namely: Can-eo,
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Dalican, Mainit, Maligcong, Tucocan and Samoki. These barangays are
included in the area of operation of the Allouette Foundation of the
Philippines, Inc. (AFPI). The assessment covered the year 2008-2009 and
dwelt only on the following concerns:
1. Assessment of the functionality of the BCPCs in the six
barangays of Bontoc using of the typology of BCPC functionality as
formulated by the Child and Family Services Philippines, Inc.
2. The factors that facilitate the functionality of the BCPC.
3. The identification of the factors that hinder the functionality of the
BCPC.
4. The listing of recommendations for the strengthening of the
BCPC.
Data and information gathered were based primarily on
questionnaires, focus group discussions (FGD), interviews, and document
reviews.
Despite the limitation of the study, the results provided insights on
the status and the level of functionality of the six BCPC’s in the
municipality of Bontoc. Moreover, the use of FGDs in the study provided
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an opportunity for the members of the concerned BCPCs to participate in
the self assessment of their BCPCs
Conceptual Framework
The BCPC as the key role player in the children’s welfare in the
locality has to be functional. The functionality of the BCPC is affected by
different factors.
Government laws and issuances provide clear guidelines on the
establishment of the BCPC. These laws and issuances properly identify
the members, define the organizational set-up, and propose plans,
programs, projects, and activities that the BCPC may undertake to ensure
that there is a caring and a protective environment for the children in the
locality.
Such legislation mandates some government agencies to provide
support to the organizing and strengthening of the BCPC and this is done
through Memorandum Circulars or Administrative Orders. Every
administration at the local levels is mandated to issue an Administrative
Order for the organization and re-organization of the BCPC to this effect.
Ensuring a caring and a protective environment for the children is a
multi-stake endeavor. It is a big task for the BCPC to pursue. To do this,
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there is also a need for the collaboration and teamwork between and
among the members of the BCPC. There is a need to inform and involve
the community people in this undertaking.
The members of the BCPC have to recognize and understand the
roles and functions of the BCPC as an institution and their individual roles
and functions as members. The members of the BCPC have to give their
commitment and support and bring in their expertise and skills in order for
the BCPC to have the capacity to implement its plans, programs, activities
and services to the children. The children and youth are actively involved.
The leadership in the BCPC should be able to provide an
opportunity to the members and to other stakeholders the maximum
participation in the affairs of the BCPC. The ability of the chairperson of
the BCPC in bringing about synergy and team work between and among
the stakeholders in the BCPC is very important. The BCPC members and
stakeholders working as a team can leverage impact which can be hardly
achieved when sectors and stakeholders are working independently.
The technical assistance coming from external agencies is very
important in enhancing the capacity of the BCPC to carry out its functions.
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Intervening Variables Dependent Variables
-Awareness
Functional BCPC
and support of the
The BCPC is functional when it is
community and
capable of implementing its work plan for
members of the
the children in the community with the
support and active involvement of other
Council on the
Independent Variables
stakeholders particularly the children and
BCPC.
the youth.
-Leadership in
The BCPC develops and implements
the BCPC.
Government Laws
plans, programs, projects, and activities
for children based on the situational
and Issuances
-Technical
analysis on children done in the
know-how of the
community.
BCPC members.
There are four levels of the BCPC
functionality. The BCPC is at Level 1:
-Work values
Structural Level when the BCPC is able to
of the BCPC
comply with government laws and
members.
mandates on its establishment and
organization. The BCPC has to meet all the
-Working
standards under Level 1 before it can
relationships
move to a higher level of functionality.
between and
among the BCPC
The BCPC is at Level 2: Organizational
Level when the BCPC is conducting its
members.
regular meetings in order to make plans
and policies on children based on the
-Technical
situational analysis made on the children
assistance from
in the locality.
external agencies.
The BCPC is at Level 3: Functional
level when the BCPC is implementing its
plans, program, projects, and activities.
These undertakings are documented;
reports are made, submitted, and
reflected in the barangay annual report.
Child-Friendly
Community
The BCPC is at Level 4:
Sustainability Level if the BCPC is
capable of ensuring the continuity of
the work of the BCPC in promoting a
child friendly community.
Figure 1. The paradigm of the study showing the interrelationships of the
different variables believed to contribute to the functionality of
the BCPC in the municipality of Bontoc, Mountain Province.
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Operational Definition of Terms
1.Barangay – basic unit of the Philippine, it covers the six
barangays of Bontoc, Mountain Province namely: Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit,
Maligcong, Tucocan, and Samoki.
2.BCPC – Barangay Council for the Protection of Children, is
established to spearhead development initiatives for children at the
barangay level.
3. Children –Human beings below 18 years of age, or over 18 but
are unable to fully take care of themselves or protect themselves from
abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation, or discrimination because of physical
or mental disability or condition (RA No. 9344).
4. Functionality of BCPC – the ability of BCPC to perform its tasks
as a council, executes its objectives and sustains its activities.
5. Indicators of level of functionality – factors that are considered as
whether being present or not in the BCPC that would identify the level of
its functionality.
6. Level of functionality - the state of which the indicators of level of
functionality are considered.
7. Local government unit – serves as convergence points for all the
efforts in pursuit of child rights, and function as interfaces between global
and national strategies and local directions. They plan, develop,
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implement and monitor programmes, raise funds, and mobilize all possible
partners. Local governments also continuously monitor the welfare of the
children for whom they are responsible.
8. Stakeholders – individual or groups either government or non-
government that play significant roles for the functionality of the BCPC.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Laws and Policies Governing
Protection of Children
Most Filipino families believe that a child is a “gift of God and a sign
of grace.” The birth of a child is almost always a happy and welcome
event. Children are valued for the happiness and inspiration they bring, for
their economic contributions, and for the security they provide for the
parents in their old age (Medina, 2001). With child-centered culture,
Filipino families exert all efforts to give their children the best attention and
care.
It is not surprising that the Philippines has been one of the
countries in the world which has actively advocated for the care and
protection of children.
Recognizing the vulnerability of the child and his key role in the
future of the nation, the 1987 Philippine Constitution included the following
provision: “ The state recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation
building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual,
intellectual, and social well being. (Article 11, Section 13).
Ratifying the united Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child
(UNCRC) in 1990, the Philippines has passed several legislations, crafted
20
and implemented plans that ensure and promote children’s welfare. The
implementation of the Philippine Plan of Action for Children in 1992 had
given significant progress in the health, education, and access to basic
facilities for children.
The Philippine Strategic Framework for Plan Development for
Children or Child 21 is a strategic framework that will guide stakeholders
in planning programs and interventions that promote and safeguard the
rights of the Filipino children in the 21st century. It advocates not only for a
more focused targeting for children but also for interfacing critical
interventions at the various stages of child’s development.
As a strategic framework, Child 21 paint in broad stokes a vision for
the quality of life of Filipino children in 2025. It is a road map for the
national government as well as for local government units, private entities
and non- governmental organizations in setting priorities for action and in
allocating and utilizing resources to promote the rights of Filipino children.
Child 21 aims to synchronize family, community and national efforts
towards the full realization of the rights of children by 2025.
The vision of Child 21 has been concretized through the formulation
of the National Plan of Action for Children (NPAC) for the period 2005-
2010. NPAC translates the vision of Child 21 into clear, actionable and
21
time-bound plan within a shorter, five-year time frame. It is in the context
of NPAC as well as the global policy directions articulated in the “World Fit
for Children” and the Millennium Development Goals that the
Comprehensive Program on Child Protection (CPCP) has been revised
and updated. As such, the CPCP is a companion document to NPAC and
is an elaboration of the NPAC child protection component.
Executive Order No. 310 was issued on November 3, 2000,
authorizing its adoption and implementation by the Council for the Welfare
of Children (CWC).
The Republic Act 7610 or the Child Abuse Act is considered as the
Philippines landmark legislation for children. Unlike the UNCRC, RA 7610
applies to all forms of child abuse whether committed by parents and
guardians or by strangers who are under no obligation to care for the
child.
It appears that we have already enough existing laws and policies
directed at protecting our children from various forms of abuse,
exploitation and violence. All the existing child protection laws and policies
combined are powerful instruments for action. The challenge now is for all
sectors at all levels of Philippine society to ensure consistent enforcement
of laws and effective implementation of policies addressing all Filipino
22
children who are disadvantaged, vulnerable and in need of special
protection (CNSP). The revised and updated CPCP is a concrete step
towards ensuring the protection of all Filipino children, particularly the
disadvantaged, marginalized, and in need of special protection. (Council
for the Welfare of Children: Proceedings of the National Consultation
Workshop, 1990).
To make sure that legislations and laws pertaining to the care and
protection of children will be enforced, special bodies are created.
Foremost among the special bodies created to give teeth to laws that
uphold the rights of children is the Council for the Welfare of Children
established by Presidential Decree No. 603, which coordinates the
implementation and enforcement of all laws relative to the promotion of
child and youth welfare.
The Local Council for the Protection
of Children
The Local Council for the Protection of Children (LCPC) was
established as supported by the Local Government Code of 1991 to look
into children’s concerns at the local levels. The LCPC is organized at the
provincial, city or municipal, and at the barangay level.
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The LCPC has the following as its legal bases:
1. The UN’s Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
provides the fundamental basis of our vision for the Filipino children. The
ratification of CRC by the Philippine government in 1990 has made it
imperative for all sectors of our society to translate the standards and
provisions into concrete actions that will lead to the fulfillment of Filipino
children’s rights to survival, development, protection, and participation;
2. Article 87 of Presidential Decree No. 603 or the Child and Youth
Welfare Code provides that “every Barangay Council shall encourage the
organization of a Local Council for the Protection of Children;
3. Section 15 of Republic Act No. 9344 or the Juvenile Justice and
Welfare Act of 2006 provides for the Establishment and Strengthening of
Local Councils for the Protection of Children: “One percent (1%) of the
internal revenue allotment of barangays, municipalities and cities shall be
allocated for the strengthening and implementation of the programs of the
LCPC.”;
4. DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2002-121. “Guidelines on the
Organization and Strengthening of the LCPCs incorporating thereat Early
Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) Coordinating Committees at
the Provincial, City, Municipal and Barangay Levels.”;
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5. LCEs shall take the lead in the organization and strengthening of
LCPC and implementation of all children’s programs in their respective
localities;
6. DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2008-126: “Guidelines in
Monitoring the Functionality of the Local Council for the Protection of
Children (LCPC) at all Levels”.
Barangay Council for the Protection
of Children
At the barangay level, the BCPC is chaired by the Punong
Barangay with the following members: Barangay Kagawad (Chairperson,
Committee on Women & Family), Barangay Nutrition Scholar, Barangay
Day Care Worker, Barangay Health Nurse/Midwife, DepEd Principal/
Teacher-in-Charge, Chief Barangay Tanod, SK Chairperson, PTCA
President, NGO Representative, Child Representative, and others.
As mandated, the BCPC is tasked on the following:
1. Formulate plans, programs and policies for children that are
gender-fair, culturally relevant and responsive to the needs of diverse
groups of children from 0 to below 18 years of age;
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2. Prepare Annual Work and Financial Plan (AWFP) for children
and recommend appropriations to the Sanggunian;
3. Provide coordinative linkages with other agencies and institutions
in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of plans for children;
4. Provide technical assistance and recommend financial support to
the City/Municipal and Barangay Council for the Protection of Children;
5. Establish and maintain database on children;
6. Recommend local legislations promoting child survival,
protection, participation and development, especially on the quality of
television shows and media prints and coverage, which are detrimental to
children and with appropriate funding support;
7. Conduct capability building programs to enhance knowledge and
skills in handling children’s programs;
8. Monitor and evaluate the implementation of the program and
submit quarterly status reports to the RSCWC/Provincial/City/Municipal
LCPC;
26
9. Foster education of every child;
10. Advocate for the establishment and maintenance of
playgrounds, day care centers and other facilities necessary for child and
youth development;
11. Assist children in need of special protection and refer cases
filed against child abusers to proper agencies/institutions;
12. Document Barangay best practices on children;
13. Perform such other functions as provided for in the ECCD and
other child related laws.
The performance of these mandated tasks require leadership skills,
network management, and technical know-how.
The BCPC as a network can be enhanced by the aforementioned
factors with the leadership and network management skills of the
chairperson. It is essential that the chairperson is capable in putting all the
members together for synergy toward the realization of the goals and
aspirations of the BCPC.
27
1. There is shared values and goals, meaning there is recognition
of a common interest and need among the members;
2. There is willingness by the members to work with others;
3. There is commitment to a common goal and aspiration;
4. Members empower themselves;
5. There is sense of satisfaction and fulfillment among members.
Figure 2 shows the flow chart of the BCPC/LCPC as followed by
the local government of Bontoc, Mountain Province.
28
CWC
Council for the Welfare of Children
RSCWC
Regional Station of the Council for the
Welfare of Children
PSCWC
Provincial Station of the Council for the
Welfare of Children
MCWC/CCPC
Municipal Council for the Welfare of Children/
City Council for the Welfare of Children
BCPC
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children
Figure 2. The structure of the Council for the Welfare of Children in
relation to the BCPC
29
In line with the monitoring of the functionality of the BCPC, DILG
has come up with the functionality indicators as bases for assessing and
rating the BCPC functionality. Pursuant to the DILG Memorandum Circular
No. 2008-126, the BCPC/LCPC will be assessed in the following as
presented in the matrix.
Table 1. Areas assessed in the functionality of the BCPC
CATEGORY
DESCRIPTION
1.Organization (10%) - BCPC/LCPC organized through a sanggunian
resolution/ordinance or Executive/ Administrative
Order by the Local Chief Executive. (5%)
- Composition is in accordance with DILG MC
No. 2002-121, the “Revised Guideline in the
Organization and Strengthening of the BCPC
incorporating
thereat
ECCD
Coordinating
Committees at the Local Levels”. (5%)
2. Meetings (10%)
- Regular quarterly meetings conducted, and
supported by Minutes of Meetings duly signed by
the Secretariat Head with attendance sheets
attached (2.5% for every regular meetings
conducted.)
3. Policies, Plans
- PPAs of the BCPC/LCPC provided funding in
and Budget (30%)
the Provincial/City/Municipal/Barangay Annual
Budget. (10%)
- Annual Work and Financial Plan Developed.
(5%)
- Annual Work and Financial Plan of the
BCPC/LCPC
are
included
in
the
Local
Development Investment Plan and Annual
30
Investment program of the LGU. (5%)
- At least two policies for each child rights have
been developed and recommended trough a
resolution. (4%)
- Policies approved by the Sangunian (at least
two policies for each major child rights have
been approved by the concerned sanggunian.)
(4%)
- Policies and Programs/ Projects/ Activities
(PPAs) are evidenced/needs based/demand
driven. (2%)
4. Accomplishment
- PPAs undertaken based on the approved work
(50%)
and financial plan. (20%)
- State of Children’s Report. (10%)
- Accomplishments reflected in the LGU Annual
Report. (8%)
- Accomplishments documented. (7%)
- Accomplishments included in the SOLA. (5%)
The assessment of the BCPC/LCPC based on the above indicators
also determines the level of functionality of the BCPC/LCPC being
assessed. The DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2008-126 has defined the
level of functionality of the BCPC/LCPC as follows:
31
Table 2. Levels of BCPC functionality
LEVEL OF
FUNCTIONALITY
DESCRIPTION
1. Basic
– The BCPC/LCPC attained a rating of 20% and
below, and satisfied the requirements for
organization and/or meetings.
2. Progressive
– The BCPC/LCPC attained a rating of 21-50%,
and aside from organization and meetings, it
also satisfied the requirements for any of the
sub indicators under policies, Plans, Budget or
Accomplishment Report or vice versa.
3. Mature
The BCPC/LCPC attained a rating of 51-79%
and was able to satisfy the requirements for
organization and meetings, and any of the sub-
indicators for Policies, Plans and Budget or
Accomplishment Report or vice versa.
4. Ideal
– The BCPC/LCPC attained a rating of 80-
100%, which means that the Council was able to
satisfy the requirement for all the indicators of a
functional BCPC/LCPC.
Data from the National Barangay Operations Office (NBOO) of
DILG as of August 2007 show that 73 out of 81 provinces, 126 out of 132
cities, 1,365 out of 1,496 municipalities and 40,994 out of 41,994
barangays have organized local councils for the protection of children
(LCPC). However, these LCPCs are in varying levels of functionality. Only
60 percent of provinces, 54 percent of cities, 36 percent of municipalities
32
and 19.8 percent of barangays have functional LCPCs (Table and Figure
3).
Table 3. Status of local councils for the protection of children, 2007
Local
Councils
No. of LCPC
Number of
% of LCPC /
LCPC organized
BCPC functional
Provinces
81
73
60
Cities
132
126
54
Municipalities
1,365
1,496
36
Barangays
40,994
41,994
19.8
Source: National Barangay Operations Office (NBOO), Department of Interior & Local
Government
Figure 3. Percent of LCPC/BCPC functional
33
The Child and Family Service Philippines, Inc. (CFSPI), a Non-
Governmental Organization based in Baguio City has come up with a
typology of the BCPC functionality. The typology of functionality is an
output of its many years of working with several Local Government Units
and BCPCs in the province Benguet. This typology requires that all
indicators of Level 1: Structural Level must be complied with first before
the BCPC can move to the next level which is Level 2: Organizational
Level. After satisfying all the indicators under Level 2: Organizational
Level, the BCPC can move to Level 3: Functional Level then finally to the
highest level which is Level 4: Sustainability Level.
The said typology will be used in this study in describing and
determining the level of functionality of the six BCPCs in Bontoc.
Table 4. Typology of BCPC functionality
FUNCTIONALITY LEVEL OF BCPC
INDICATORS
Level 1: Structural level
The BCPC is organized with the mandated There is a barangay resolution for
memberships in accordance with DILG MC the establishment of the BCPC.
2002-121 or the “Revised Guidelines on the
Organization and Strengthening of the There is a budget allocation of 1%
BCPC.”
The
Committee
on
Survival, of the barangay IRA.
Committee on Protection, Committee on
Development,
and
the
Committee
on A sufficient number of committees
Participation
are
established.
The have been established.
organizational chart of the BCPC is posted at
34
the barangay hall. There is a barangay There is a child rights advocate
council ordinance providing funds for the represented.
BCPC.
Level 2: Organizational Level
Established data base on children as basis The BCPC has an annual work
for policy and plan formulation.
and financial plan (AWFP).
Barangay Council passed a resolution
adopting the policies, Annual Work and The BCPC has a situational
Financial Plans of the BCPC and integrated in analysis
of
children
in
the
the
in
the
Barangay
Comprehensive barangay.
Development Plan. Minutes of the regular
quarterly meetings of the BCPC are duly The
BCPC
conducts
regular
signed by the secretary with the notices, meeting and keeps records.
agenda, and attendance sheets attached.
Budget includes the capability building of the The BCPC supports necessary
members of the BCPC such as trainings on child-related legislation.
meeting
facilitation,
trainings
on
documentation
and
filing,
leadership The BCPC provided child-related
development,
and
resource
generation skills training.
among others. Programs for all stakeholders
on children are being conducted such as
trainings on parental care and guidance,
family
week
celebrations,
and
parent
education.
Level 3: Functional Level
The BCPC implements work plans
Activities
undertaken
showing
the The BCPC develops diversion
implementation of the BCPC’s Annual Work programs and manages diversion
and Financial Plan. Accomplishment report of cases.
the BCPC is reflected in the LGU Annual
report and included in the State of the Local The BCPC prepares and submits
Address (SOLA). State of the Children’s annual accomplishment reports to
Report delivered by the Local Chief Executive the LCPC.
during Children’s Month celebration in
October of every year. There are records and Youth is actively involved in the
files on the assistance given to Children in activities of the BCPC.
Need of Special Protection (CNSP) and
referral of cases filed against child abuse to
concerned agencies and institutions. Youth
representative is involved during planning and
deliberations in the BCPC.
35
Level 4: Sustainability Level
80% of the BCPC are not elected
officials.
There is the assurance on the continuity of
the work of the BCPC even if members come The BCPC partners with external
and go. Resources are harnessed that would child-serving organizations.
ensure the implementation of the PPA’s. The
BCPC has an active membership in networks The BCPC is empowered to do
and federations of organizations advocating budget and resource advocacy.
and promoting children’s rights and welfare.
The BCPC benefits from its partnership with The BCPC is represented in the
external
child-serving
organization
in LCPC through the Association of
enhancing
its
capacity
to
further
its Barangay Councils.
functionality.
36
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
This study was conducted in the municipality of Bontoc, Mt.
Province, Cordillera Administrative Region.
Bontoc is one of the 10 municipalities of Mt. Province. It is the
provincial capital and is a 3rd class municipality. It has a total land area of
396.10 km2. Bontoc is composed of 16 barangays. Based on the 2007
census, it has a population of 24,798 people in 5,035 households.
Agriculture is the primary source of income of the households. The
six barangays assessed in this study are the areas where Allouette
Foundation of the Philippines, Inc. (AFPI) operates and where its
sponsored students are residing. Barangay Dalican, Mainit, and Maligcong
belong to the upland communities. These barangays are approximately an
hour travel from the town center of Bontoc. Barangays Can-eo and
Tocucan belong to the riverside communities and are approximately half
an hour travel from the town center of Bontoc.
Barangay Samoki is the nearest to the town center of Bontoc
among the six barangays assessed in this study. It is approximately one
kilometer away from the municipal hall of Bontoc.
37
N
S
*
*
*
*
*
*
Baran
gays in cluded in
the study
*
Figure 4. Enlarged map of Bontoc, Mountain Province
38
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study were the representatives or members
of the BCPC in the following barangays: Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit,
Maligcong, Tucocan, and Samoki in the municipality of Bontoc.
Other stakeholders from the barangay council, tanod, barangay
health workers, and teachers in the community were also included as
respondents in this study.
Table 5. Population of the study
RESPONDENTS
BCPC
MEMBERSHIP
MEMBERS
OTHER
TOTAL
STAKEHOLDERS
Can-eo
14
11
-
11
Dalican
7
7
4
11
(4 Brgy. Officials)
Mainit
8
8
10
18
(4 BHW, 3 Tanod, 2
Brgy. Officials,
1 Teacher)
Maligcong
8
8
9
17
(5 Brgy. Officials, 3
Teachers,
1 Tanod)
39
Table 5. Continued …
Tocucan
20
14
-
14
Samoki
17
12
-
12
TOTAL
74
60
23
83
Research Design
This study is a qualitative research using the descriptive and
narrative evaluation methodology. Information was subjected to validation
through collateral information and document review.
Information that was gathered was analyzed to describe the current
situation of the object of the study with the participation of the
respondents.
Data Gathering Methods
The research used a questionnaire, personal interviews, focus
group discussions, and document reviews in gathering data.
The questionnaire was developed and was given to each of the
members of the BCPC in barangays Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit, Maligcong,
Tucocan, and Samoki to answer. The questions were formulated based on
the indicators of a functional BCPC and was answerable by YES or NO.
40
Personal interviews and focus group discussions were also utilized to
gather data.
Information and data gathered were supplemented and validated
through document reviews from the available files and documents in the
barangays and in the office of the Municipal Government Operations
Officer.
Data Analysis and Interpretation
The YES and NO answers provided for by the respondents in the
questionnaire were counted, tallied, and recorded in a frequency table.
Questions that were answered “YES” would mean that they complied with
the particular functionality indicator being asked. On the other hand,
questions that were answered “NO” by the members of the BCPC would
mean that they were not able to comply with the functionality indicator
being asked.
Questions wherein some of the respondents answered YES and
some members answered NO were brought back to the group to come up
with a consensus answer. To come up with a consensus answer, focus
group discussions and documents review was facilitated.
The consensus answers of the respondents were further analyzed
in line with the objectives of the research.
41
Plate 1. BCPC Assessment in barangay Maligcong
Plate 2. BCPC Assessment in barangay Can-eo
42
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The Level of Functionality of the BCPC
in the Six Barangays of Bontoc
In determining the level of the Barangay Council for the Protection
of Children’s (BCPC) functionality, all indicators of Level 1: Structural
Level should be complied first. If the BCPC is not able to comply with all
indicators of Level 1, the BCPC cannot move on the higher level of
functionality even if the BCPC was able to meet and comply with several
of the indicators at the higher levels.
Level 1: Structural Level. The Level: Structural Level functionality is
the first level in the typology of functionality. It is at this level that the
BCPC is formalized through an Administrative Order from the barangay
chairperson. Other structures are put in place and funds are allocated.
Table 6 shows the frequency of responses of respondents in Level
1. The questions that garnered some YES and some NO answers in Level
1 indicators from the respondents were brought back to the members to
come up with a consensus answer through a focus group discussion
(FGD).
43
44
Review of available files and documents was also done in
validating their answers.
After facilitating FGDs and document reviews, the following results
were realized. Barangays Can-eo and Dalican were able to agree that
indeed there is an Administrative Order for the organization of their
BCPCs. On the other hand, the respondents in barangay Maligcong were
able to realize that there was no Administrative Order issued by the
barangay chairperson for the organization of the BCPC. The issuance of
the Administrative Order for the organization of the BCPC by the barangay
chairperson it gives the legality of the existence of the BCPC as an
institution in the locality.
The respondents in barangays Dalican and Maligcong agreed that
their BCPCs did not allocate the mandated 1% of their barangay Internal
Revenue Allotment (IRA) on any amount for their BCPCs. The allocation
of the budget for the BCPC ensures that there is an available fund for the
BCPC to use in its operations and services.
The respondents in barangay Dalican agreed that their BCPC did
not establish any of the four committees in their BCPC. These committees
are considered workhorses of the council.
45
The respondents in barangay Can-eo agreed that there is a child’s
rights advocacy in their BCPC. The respondents in barangay Maligcong,
on the other hand, came to realize that they did not identify a child’s rights
advocate in their BCPC. The membership of a child rights advocate that
there is child participation in the BCPC.
The consensus answers of the respondents in the BCPCs on the
indicators of Level 1: Structural Level of functionality in Table 7.
Table 7 shows that only Barangay Tucocan was able to comply
with all the four indicators of Level 1.
This was validated with a copy of the Administrative Order for the
organization of the BCPC in the files of barangay Tocucan.
The master list of the BCPCs in the Municipal Local Government
Operations Office files shows that the BCPC in barangay Tocucan had
established three committees namely: Committee on Participation,
Committee on Protection, and Committee on Development.
An organizational chart is posted at the barangay hall showing the
names of the members also indicating the sector each is representing.
The barangay council also passed a resolution allocating 1% of its
IRA (Php.10,000.00) for the year 2009.
46
47
Barangays Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit, and Samoki were able to
comply with the indicator on the availability of an Administrative Order for
the establishment of their BCPCs and the indicator on the representation
of the children by a child advocate.
The record from the MLGOO of Bontoc shows that barangays Can-
eo, Dalican, Mainit, and Samoki were not able to establish any of the four
committees: Committee on Survival, Committee on Protection, Committee
on Participation, and Committee on Development.
The BCPC members also admitted that they did not allocate any
amount from their IRA for the BCPC. The members of the BCPC in
Barangay Samoki agreed and promised to allocate 1% of their IRA for the
BCPC for the Year 2010.
Barangay Maligcong was not able to comply any of the indicators of
Level 1.The BCPC members were able to realize during the assessment
that technically, their BCPC does not exist. The barangay chairperson
admitted in front of the members the lapses and gaps on his part in
relation to organizing the BCPC and in bringing dynamism in it to make
the BCPC the convergence for all the sectors in the community in
advancing the cause for children. After the BCPC assessment, the
members of the BCPC in Barangay Maligcong agreed to schedule another
48
BCPC meeting to formally organize and re-activate their BCPC. The
members also vocalized to their barangay captain that they will make a
resolution allocating 1% of their IRA to the BCPC for the Year 2010.
The non-existence of the BCPC in barangay Maligcong however
does not mean that there were no policies and legislations made and
activities conducted for the children in the community. The policies and
legislations were crafted by the barangay councils and health related
activities and services were provided for by the barangay health workers.
Level 2 Functionality: Organizational Level: The Level 2
Organizational Level of functionality is the next level after all indicators of
Level 1: Structural Level is complied with by the BCPC. It is at this level
that the BCPC prepares for action by evolving an Annual Work and
Financial Plan (AWFP) based on the situational analysis conducted for the
children in the community. The said situational analysis for children is
important so that goals and objectives that are formulated by the BCPC
are based on the current and local situation of the children. The frequency
of responses of the BCPCs on Level 2: Organizational Level is shown on
Table 8.
49
50
After FGDs were facilitated to come up with a consensus answer
for questions YES and some NO answers from the respondents, the
following results were realized:
The respondents in barangay Dalican and Tucocan that their
BCPCs have an Annual Work and Financial Plan (AWFP). The two
barangays also agreed that there was a situational analysis on children
conducted as basis for the formulation of the said AWFP.
The respondents in Maligcong agreed that there was no situational
analysis for children conducted. There was no available document to
support the claim of some members who said that a situational analysis
for children was conducted.
The respondents in Dalican have agreed that the regular meetings
of their BCPC are being conducted after a review on the documents of the
minutes of their meetings. The respondents in barangay Maligcong, on the
other hand, were convinced that the regular meetings of the BCPC are not
being conducted as supported by the unavailability of records of their
meetings.
The respondents in barangays Mainit and Samoki agreed that their
BCPCs do not provide child-related skills trainings to other stakeholders. It
was realized by the members of the BCPC in Mainit that although there
51
were skills training conducted, the said trainings were not provided by their
BCPC but by external agencies that are providing direct services to the
community.
The consensus answers of the respondents after the focus group
discussions and document reviews are presented in Table 9.
Table 9 shows that barangays Dalican, Tucocan, and Samoki were
able to make their annual work and financial plans. A situational analysis
was conducted as basis for the formulation of the annual work and a
financial plan was accomplished by barangays Mainit, Tucocan, and
Samoki.
Barangay Mainit conducted a situational analysis for children
through the Community Based Information and Monitoring System
(CBIMS) but it did not make an AWFP for the children as a BCPC. The
BCPC was not able to have a planning session in order to translate the
information from the CBIMS. Barangay Dalican, on the hand, was able to
make a plan and implement activities for children but not as a BCPC. The
implementation of activities and services to the children were done by
sectors of the barangay.
52
53
All the BCPCs support necessary child-related legislation. Files of
the barangays show that the BCPCs were able to make resolutions and
ordinances on curfew for minors at night time, prohibiting the sale of
cigarettes and liquors to minors, and prohibiting gambling in the
community.
Barangay Dalican, Mainit, and Tucocan are conducting their regular
quarterly meetings. Minutes of their meetings were properly documented
by the secretary and noted by the barangay chairperson.
The members of the BCPCs were able to realize that the conduct of
regular meetings of the BCPC is very important in the life and work of the
BCPC. The members of the BCPC of barangays Maligcong and Samoki
agreed to start having BCPC meetings and ensure that quarterly BCPC
meetings are sustained.
All the BCPCs admitted that there were no child-related skills
trainings given by their BCPCs to other stakeholders in the community in
order to enhance the skills on providing care and protection to children.
The BCPC members feel that they need to undergo trainings themselves
first before they can provide such training to other stakeholders in the
community.
54
Level 3: Functional Level. The Level 3: Functional Level is the
phase wherein the BCPC implements their AWFP as evidenced by
accomplishment reports made and submitted for inclusion in the Annual
Report of the barangay. It is also in this phase that the BCPC is able to
develop diversion programs and manages diversion cases. The active
participation of the youth in the BCPC planning and deliberations is
manifested in the inclusion of the plans of the youth in the BCPC plan and
in the conduct of activities by the youth in collaboration with the BCPC.
Table 10 shows the frequency of responses in each of the
indicators of Level 3: Functional Level.
The indicators in Level 3: Functional Level where in some of the
respondents answered YES and some answered NO, the questions were
brought back to the members to come up with a consensus answer
through a focus group discussion. The review of available files and
documents was also done in validating their answers. This process
enabled the members of the BCPC to identify the missing documents.
After FGDs on questions that were brought back to the respondents
for consensus answers, the following results were realized. The
respondents in barangay Dalican were assured that they have
implemented activities for the children.
55
56
Barangays Dalican, Mainit, Maligcong, and Tucocan came to
realize that their BCPCs did not develop diversion programs and managed
diversion cases for children. The members of the BCPCs were able to
understand that diversion programs are important in ensuring that
alternative activities and interventions are provided to children most
especially to children who are in conflict with the law and children who are
in need of special protection. The members of the BCPCs however
decided to ensure that this will be one of the areas that they need to work
on.
The respondents of barangays Can-eo and Dalican were able to
admit that their BCPCs did not prepare and submit their BCPC
accomplishment reports. The said accomplishment report has to be
submitted for inclusion in their barangay Annual Report.
There are respondents in barangays Dalican, Maligcong, and
Tucocan who said that the youth are not actively involved in their BCPCs.
After the FGD, the respondents came to agree that the youth should have
an active participation in their BCPCs. In barangay Can-eo, the
respondents who claimed that there is active involvement of the youth
were able to agree with those who say that there is no active participation
of the youth. The youth representative admitted during the assessment
57
that she was not able to find time to represent well the youth in the BCPC
due to her studies.
The consensus answers of the respondents in each of the
indicators in Level 3.
Table 11 shows that the BCPCs in barangays Dalican, Mainit,
Tocucan, and Samoki were able to implement plans and activities on
children. However, these activities on children were implemented by
sectors not as a BCPC.
According to the members of the BCPCs, they lack the knowledge
and the skills in the preparation and the technical know-how in the
management of diversion cases thus, their BCPCs were not able to
develop diversion programs and managed diversion cases.
Barangays Tucocan and Samoki were able to prepare and submit
their annual report to the Local Council for the Protection of Children
(LCPC) and included such reports in the barangay annual report. The
BCPCs in these two barangays appreciate the presence of members who
have the technical skills in writing.
58
59
According to the members of the BCPCs of barangays Can-eo,
Dalican, Mainit, and Maligcong, their annual BCPC reports were not made
because the barangay secretary who was supposed to make the report
was not able to do so because of other tasks.
The members of the BCPCs say that the youth sector is
automatically represented in the BCPC by the Sangguniang Kabataan
(SK) chairperson. However, since most of the SK chairpersons are
students, their participation in the planning and deliberations in the BCPCs
is very limited. In most cases, the SK plans and conducts activities not
necessarily in collaboration with the BCPC. Activities that are usually
being done by the SK are sports festival, clean and green drives in the
community, and specific activities during community fiestas and other
community gathering.
Level 4: Sustainability Level. The highest level of BCPC
functionality in the typology is Level 4: Sustainability Level. At this level,
there is assurance on the continuity of the work of the BCPC. Resources
are tapped in order to ensure the implementation of its plans, programs,
and activities. The BCPC also at this stage, is able to establish partnership
with external child-serving organizations in enhancing its capacity to
further its functionality.
60
Table 12 shows the frequency of responses in each of the
indicators of Level 4: Sustainability Level.
After FGDs on questions that were brought back to the respondents
for consensus, the following results were gathered. The respondents from
Can-eo and Dalican reviewed the list of the BCPC members and were
able to agree that more than 80% of the members in the council are not
elected officials. This is validated by the master list of BCPC members
secured from the DILG Provincial Office in Bontoc.
The respondents of barangay Dalican acknowledged that their
BCPC lacks the capacity in resource advocacy. They were able to realize
that that even the mandated minimum 1% from their IRA is not being
allocated for the BCPC.
The respondents in all the six BCPCs have a consensus that their
BCPC is in partnership with an external child-serving organizations and
that their BCPC is being represented in the LCPC by their respective
barangay chairperson.
The consensus answers of the respondents in each of the
indicators of Level 4.
61
62
Table 13 shows that three of the four indicators in Level was
complied with by all the six BCPCs.
Membership in the BCPC is organizational not personal. The
mandated agency sectors as members include the Barangay Health
Station, Schools, NGOs, POs, Religious Sectors, PTCA, Barangay
Tanods, Sanguniang Kabataan, Day Care, and the Barangay LGU.
Based on the master list of BCPC members submitted by the
BCPCs to the MLGOO in Bontoc, more than 80% of the total membership
in the BCPCs are not elected officials. Having less selected in the BCPCs
means that, majority of the old members of the BCPC are retained even
after having a new set of barangay officials, ensuring the continuity of the
work of the BCPC.
The external partners identified by the BCPCs are usually
government agencies such as the Department of Social Welfare and
Development, Department of Health, Department of Education and others.
These government agencies provide direct services to the children but
they do not provide technical assistance to the BCPCs in order for them to
enhance their functionality.
63
64
The respondents acknowledged the fact that they do not have the
skills on resource advocacy. According to the members of the BCPCs,
they did not attend trainings and other activities that would develop their
capacity in order to be able to harness resources for their BCPCs.
The BCPCs are automatically represented in the LCPC at the
municipal level by the barangay chairmen. However, it was learned from
concerned people that the LCPC is also struggling in its functionality.
Given the other demands and broader mandates on the part of the Local
Chief Executive of the municipality, even the conduct of meetings for the
LCPC can have difficulties for performance and sustainability.
Factors that Facilitate the Functionality
of the BCPC
Government Laws and Mandates. Government laws and issuances
on the establishment, organization, and re-organization of the BCPC
provide its legal basis and foundation. The DILG Memorandum Circular
No. 2002-121 encouraged and set the guidelines for the organization and
re-organization of the BCPC/LCPC at all levels. The latest DILG
Memorandum Circular 2008-126 provided the revised guidelines on the
strengthening and monitoring of the BCPC/LCPC.
65
The barangay chairpersons and the barangay secretaries in all the
barangays of Bontoc were able to attend an orientation seminar about the
BCPC. This was organized by the provincial office of the DILG in Bontoc,
Mt. Province.
Most of the BCPCs find the DILG MC No. 2002-121 and DILG MC
No. 2008-126 very informative and helpful in making their BCPCs
functional.
Composition, structure, and organizational set-up of the BCPC. The
BCPC which began as a community level child protection has become an
over-all child’s rights promotion mechanism. The composition, structure,
and organizational set up of the BCPC provide an avenue of convergence
for all sectors in the community towards the promotion of children’s
welfare.
The BCPC as a network of several sectors in the community is a
strategic and practical response in articulating the needs of the children in
the community. The different sectors working together in the BCPC create
synergy thus, greater output and impact is attained.
Collaboration and complementation between and among the
sectors in the BCPC is an effective way of maximizing resource
generation and utilization.
66
Table 14 shows the number of committees formed within the
BCPCs. The committees revolve around the four broad categories of
children’s rights. The four committees formed within the BCPC are:
Committee on Survival, Committee on Development, Committee on
Protection, and Committee on Participation.
Out of the six barangays, only barangay Tocucan has organized all
of these committees in their BCPC.
Table 14. Committees formed within the BCPCs.
BARANGAYS
COMMITTEES FORMED WITHIN THE BCPC
Committee on
Committee on
Committee on
Committee on
Survival
Development
Protection
Participation
Can-eo
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Dalican
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Mainit
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Maligcong
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Tucocan
Organized
Organized with
Organized with
Organized
with 5
4 members
7 members
with
members
9 members
Samoki
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Source: 2008 Master list of BCPC, DILG Provincial Office, Bontoc, Mt. Province
67
The committees serve as the workhorses of the BCPC. The
creation of committees within the BCPC helped the council in its functions.
The barangay that was able to establish its committees within its BCPC
shared that the delegation of tasks and functions to the committees played
a major role in the successful implementation of its plans, programs and
services.
One important factor on organizational matters that was noted that
promotes functionality is the conduct of regular meetings. The BCPC as a
network needs to conduct meetings regularly. The meetings are the
lifeblood of any organization and network because is through the BCPC
meetings that concerns and issues of children are discussed and
decisions are made. As mandated, the BCPC should meet quarterly. The
assessment shows that those BCPCs that meet regularly have higher
performance as compared to BCPCs that do not meet regularly.
Awareness and support of the community and BCPC members.
Awareness about the BCPC is very important. It is through awareness that
community people are encouraged to participate and to involve
themselves in the affairs of the BCPC.
68
Table 15 shows the frequency of responses of the respondents on
the awareness and support of community people and BCPC members to
the BCPC.
The questions on the awareness and support of community people
and BCPC members to the BCPC wherein some of the respondents
answered YES and some answered NO were brought back to the
members to come up with a consensus answer through an FGD.
The respondents in barangays Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit, and
Tucocan agreed after the FGD that at least 80% percent of the community
people are aware of the existence of the BCPC in the community. Their
basis is the attendance of the community people during barangay General
Assemblies wherein sharing and discussions about the BCPC are being
done. The respondents also said that the awareness by the community
people about the BCPC encourages the people to be involved in the
activities of the council.
The respondents in barangay Maligcong realized after FGD that
there where few people in the community who were aware of the
existence of the BCPC. The respondents acknowledged the fact that there
was no opportunity wherein information about the BCPC was shared to
the community people. This explains also why there is less involvement of
the community people in the affairs of the council.
69
70
All the respondents of the BCPCs agreed that all members of their
BCPCs are actively involved in the activities of their BCPC. Most of them
cite their commitment in working for the sake of the children.
Table 16 shows the consensus answers of the respondents on the
questions on the awareness and support of the community people and
BCPC members to the BCPC.
The members of the BCPCs assessed claimed that 80% of the
community members were aware about BCPC. The BCPC is made known
to the community through community activities like barangay general
assemblies and other activities conducted for the children.
It was acknowledged by the respondents that although not all of
them are aware of the roles and functions of the BCPC as a council they
still give their support to its goals and objectives.
71
72
Leadership in the BCPC. The BCPC is a network of different
sectors and organization in the community. The skill of the chairperson of
the BCPC in network management is very crucial in the dynamism and
teamwork between and among the members.
Table 17 shows the frequency of responses on the leadership in
the BCPC. The questions where in some of the respondents answered
YES and some answered NO were brought back to the members to come
up with a consensus answer through an FGD.
The respondents in barangay Can-eo and barangay Dalican come
to a consensus that the members in their BCPCs can freely express their
ideas and views. Respondents in barangay Maligcong say that they are
not sure whether they can freely express their ideas and views since there
has never been any BCPC meetings and activities conducted as
opportunity to assess this. But the respondents agreed that that their
answer is NO because according to them, most of the members were not
involved even in the organization of the BCPC.
In the formulation of policies, plans, and budget, barangays
Dalican, Mainit, and Tucocan said that participatory approach was
employed. The respondent in barangays Can-eo and Maligcong said that
73
74
the formulation of policies, plans, and budget was not done in a
participatory manner because there were no planning and activities
conducted by the BCPC in order to formulate and discuss policies, plans,
and budget.
The respondents in barangay Samoki agreed that everyone in the
council can express his views and ideas. The members are involved in
decision making and in the formulation of policies, plans, and budget.
Table 18 shows the consensus answers respondents on the
leadership in the BCPC.
The respondents agree that chairpersons who employ participatory
approaches enhance the functionality of the BCPC. The participation of
the women in leadership roles, the children and youth, and the other
members of the BCPC are being highly encouraged. This confirms earlier
assessments that BCPC that functions are those that have chairmen who
are noteworthy for their reputation for good governance.
75
76
Work values and working relationship of the BCPC members. The
BCPC as a convergence for all the sectors and organization in the
community requires teamwork in order to be effective in pushing their
common agenda on children.
Table 19 shows the consensus answers of respondents on work
values and working relationship in the BCPC.
All members of the six BCPCs said that there is harmonious
working relationship between and among them. Everyone sees his/her
membership in the BCPC as an opportunity to extend service and that
they have a sense of satisfaction for being a part of the BCPC.
Most members say that they are willing to work for the BCPC when
they see and feel the honesty, commitment, and selfless work of their
chairman. Some members cite their strong spiritual foundations and social
commitment.
77
78
Constraints on the Functionality of the BCPC
Policies/ Plans/ Programs/ Management. The formulation of
policies, plans, and programs are among the mandates of the BCPC. Most
of the BCPCs were able to draft and make resolutions and policies on
children in their respective barangay but these resolutions and policies
were not properly compiled or not documented. Only the BCPC of
barangay Tucocan was able to have a compilation of its child protection
ordinances, resolutions, and/or policies (Table 20).
Only the barangays of Mainit and Samoki were able to conduct
their situational analysis on children as basis for policies, action plans, and
programs. According to the BCPC members, they do not have the
capability of conducting such.
In the absence of data and information from the situational analysis,
barangays Dalican and Tucocan were able to develop their Annual Work
and Financial Plan (AWFP). According to the respondents, the AWFP was
based on the data that was provided by each sector.
The respondents said there was no performance assessment that
has been conducted for the BCPC for the last three years. The
performance assessment is not being done because according to them, it
is not being required by mandated agencies that look into the affairs of the
BCPC.
79
80
Another reason given by the respondents is that they are not
capable of conducting such. The members of the BCPCs came to a
realization that assessment and evaluation is an important process and
activity in any organization most especially when the organization wants to
improve its performance.
The annual performance assessment can be a big help for the
BCPC in coming up with its annual reports. The records of the MLGOO
shows that the BCPCs that are not conducting an annual performance
assessment are the ones that are not also able to make and submit their
annual report to the Barangay council for submission to the MLGOO.
Resources. In terms of monetary support, the Barangay Local
Government Unit is mandated to allocate at least 1% of its IRA to the
BCPC.
Table 21 shows that all of the six BCPC’s assessed in the study
except barangay Tucocan, did not allocate the mandated minimum 1% of
their IRA for the BCPC. There was no resource generation activity
undertaken by all the six BCPC’s hence no resources are readily available
for the BCPC to use in the implementation of its plans and programs.
81
Table 21. Allocation of the BCPC from the IRA of the barangay.
Allocation CAN-EO
DALICAN MAINIT MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
IRA for
722,842
747,533
860,294 661,684
947,707
1,433,576
2009
Amount
None
None
None
None
10,000.00
None
Allocated
for BCPC
Source: Department of Budget and Management
In terms of tapping other available resources, none of the six
BCPC’s was able yet to harness resources from external sources. None
has made and submitted any project proposal for funding.
Because of this, even if plans and programs were formulated, these
were not being implemented. None implementation of plans and programs
has made many BCPC’s inactive and thus perceived by people as mere
organization.
Capability Building and Technical Know-How. There were no
trainings and seminars identified by the members of the six BCPCs that
they have attended and participated as BCPC members. Also, there were
no trainings and other activities initiated by their BCPCs to enhance their
knowledge, attitudes, and skills for them to be able to provide child-related
skills trainings to children and other members of the community (Table
22).
82
83
The low investment of the BCPC in capability building negatively
affected the technical know- how of the BCPC. The inadequacy of the
technical know-how of the BCPC affected negatively the other aspects of
the BCPC like in the formulation, documentation, and filing of resolutions,
policies, plans, reports, minutes of the meeting and others.
The poor technical know-how of the BCPC was also been found out
as one of the reasons why there is poor planning, poor program
management, and no resource mobilization initiatives.
Technical Assistance from External Agencies. One of the
hypotheses of the study that technical assistance from external agencies
contributes to the functionality of the BCPC is affirmed. The respondents
unanimously agreed that they did not receive technical assistance at all
from external agencies for the strengthening of their BCPCs. Aside from
UNICEF, UNFPA, DepEd, DOH, and DSWD, there are no other external
partners of the BCPCs. The aforementioned agencies provided direct social
services but not technical assistance in the form of skills trainings to improve the
functionality of the BCPCs.
No record shows that there were skills trainings given to the
members of the BCPCs by mandated agencies in order to improve the
functionality of their BCPCs.
84
The members of the BCPCs listed in their recommendations that
they need of skills training in order to enhance their capacity for their
BCPCs.
85
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The descriptive and narrative methodology used in this research
provided the members of the BCPC of barangays Can-e0, Dalican, Mai-
nit, Maligcong, Tucocan, and Samoki of Bontoc province the opportunity to
participate in the self-assessment of their BCPCs. The result of the
assessment reflected the current situation of each of the six BCPCs who
are under the assistance of the Aloutte Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.
(AFPI).
The assessment conducted on the functionality of the six out of 16
barangays in Bontoc using the typology of BCPC functionality revealed
that five of the BCPCs are still categorized under Level 1: Structural Level
of functionality. Only BCPC of barangay Tucocan is at Level 2:
Organizational Level for being able to satisfy all four indicators in Level 1.
There were five factors identified that contributed to the functionality
of the six BCPCs in Bontoc namely: (1) Government laws and issuances
for providing the legal foundation of the BCPC; (2) Composition, structure,
and the organizational set-up of the BCPC which allows greater
participation from all sectors in the community; (3) Awareness and support
86
of the community and members of the BCPC; (4) Shared leadership which
allows greater involvement of the people and institutions in the
community; and (5) Work values and working relationship in the BCPC
which keeps the BCPC going against all odds.
The weak capability and poor technical know-how of the members
and the BCPC as a council was seen as the major constraint in the
functionality of the BCPC. Other factors identified as constraints include
poor local planning and project management, minimal or no allocated
resources, and no technical assistance from external agencies.
The interview and focus group discussions conducted with the
members of the six BCPCs in Bontoc drew out several action points and
recommendations in order to strengthen their respective BCPCs. These
revolve around intensifying awareness about the BCPC to get mass
support from the community people, re-orientation on the roles and
functions of the BCPC to all BCPC members, compliance with structural
and organizational mandates on the BCPC, encouragement for the active
participation and involvement of the children and youth in BCPC planning
and deliberations, and the enhancement of the technical know-how of the
members in order to improve its capacity in local planning, project
management, and resource generation and mobilization.
87
Conclusions
Based on the summary of findings, the following can be concluded:
1. The level of functionality of almost all of the BCPCs of the six
barangays in Bontoc are under Level 1: Structural Level of Functionality.
Although the BCPC members of some of the barangays identified the
presence of some Indicators of Functionality in the other Levels, it cannot
be concluded that these have reached a certain Level. This is because the
Level of Functionality progresses only if the BCPC has successfully
accomplished all the indicators according to the Level of Functionality.
2. The skills of the barangay chairpersons in network management
and making the BCPC as convergence for all the stakeholders in the
community for children’s welfare was identified as most significant for the
functionality of the BCPC. Shared leadership enhanced the BCPC’s
functionality due to the participation and involvement of more and able
people in the community.
3. Inadequate resources and technical know-how negatively affects
the functionality of the BCPC. The BCPC faced serious limitations
particularly in the area of local planning, project management, resource
generation and mobilization. The competence, technical know-how, and
expertise that is still lacking in most of the BCPCs interviewed was the
88
competence on documentation, records management and meeting
facilitation.
4. The work values and good working relationship between and
among the BCPC members positively affects the functionality of the
BCPC. Good working relationship brought dynamism and synergy in the
BCPC.
5. Technical assistance from external agencies was very important
in enhancing the functionality of the BCPCs as shown by the experiences
of the BCPCs in the six barangays that have gained assistance from other
sectors and agencies.
Recommendations
General Recommendations:
1. The results of the study should be discussed with the members
of the BCPCs.
2. A workshop should be conducted for the BCPCs to further
assess their BCPCs. A strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats
(SWOT) analysis should be utilized using the results of the study as input.
3. Encourage the BCPCs to improve their documentation practices
by making them realize the importance of documentation in the life and
89
work of their BCPC. Documents and files serve as evidence of their
performance and that activities not documented are tantamount to
activities not done.
4. The Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Incorporated,
having the capacity and capability should focus its technical assistance on
the development of the skill on documentation, records management,
meeting facilitation, and how to do monitoring and evaluation in order to
enhance the functionality of the BCPC. This is in coordination and in
collaboration with the MLGOO of Bontoc. The technical assistance to be
provided to the BCPCs will be reflected in the strategic plan of AFPI.
Another strategic direction of AFPI will be the establishing of
partnership with the MLGOO and MSWD for the implementation of the
intervention of AFPI on the BCPCs.
Another strategy is through developing youth leaders for the
functionality of the BCPC so that the children can be motivated to
participate in the BCPC.
90
Based on the interviews with the respondents, the following
recommendations should be considered for each of the barangays:
A. Maligcong
1. Push through with a meeting to address the structural issues of
the BCPC. Re-organization of the BCPC with existing committees on the
child’s right to survival, protection, development, and participation.
2. Pass a barangay resolution on the allocation of the minimum 1%
IRA for the BCPC.
3. Ensure that regular BCPC meetings are conducted.
4.
Identify among the members who can serve as the
secretariat head to focus on the paper works of the BCPC.
B. Can-eo, Dalican, and Mainit
1. Establish the four committees in the BCPC. Make and post their
BCPC’s organizational chart.
2. Pass a barangay resolution on the allocation of the minimum 1%
IRA for the BCPC.
3.
Ensure that regular BCPC meetings are conducted.
91
4.
Seek assistance from college students to help them organize
their BCPC files; come up with a compilation of the minutes of their
meeting, barangay ordinances and resolutions on children, plans and
reports.
C. Tucocan
1. Continue conducting their quarterly regular BCPC meetings.
2. Formulate their Local Development Plan for Children (LDPC),
Local Investment Plan for Children (LIPS), Local Code for Children (LCC),
Local State of the Children Report (LSCR).
3. Formulate and conduct capability programs for all stakeholders
on children in the barangay.
4. Seek assistance from college students to help them organize
their BCPC files; come up with a compilation of the minutes of their
meeting, barangay ordinances and resolutions on children, plans and
reports.
The members of the BCPCs agreed that leadership greatly affects
the functionality of the BCPC. In effect, it has to be emphasized most
especially to community leaders that child friendly governance is good
governance. Advocate for the implementation of the DILG Memorandum
Circular No. 2009-170 on the mainstreaming of child’s rights in the
rationalized planning system to ensure effective and efficient delivery of
92
basic social services and facilities. Ensure the inclusion of children’s
programs in the Executive Legislative Agenda so that action plans for
children are adopted and given appropriate resources by the LGU.
In consideration with the reality on the limited capacity of the
MLGOO, there should be support to be given to the MLGOO coming from
concerned POs, NGOs, and other child-serving agencies in ensuring that
DILG Memorandum Circulars and other issuances related to BCPC are
properly disseminated not only to the barangay chairmen and barangay
secretary but to all members of the BCPC as suggested by the members
of the BCPCs.
The BCPCs should deliberately link their works and initiatives with
the broader development program of the barangay. This is to better
appreciate the importance of the BCPC not only with that of the protection
of the children but also on the development of the barangay as a whole.
The Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Incorporated, in
pursuant to its mission in uplifting the dignity and self-worth of children will
work in partnership with the BCPCs and with other stakeholders in
enhancing the functionality of the BCPCs. Ensuring a protective and
caring environment for the children is a multi-stakeholders undertaking.
93
LITERATURE CITED
ANDERSON, J.H and JOHNSON, S.B. 1994. Regarding Children: New
Respect for Childhood and Families. John Knox Press.
COUNCIL FOR THE WELFARE OF CHILDREN. 1990. Proceedings of
the National Consultation Workshop on the Implementation of the
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
FROUKJE, B.2005. Rights of the Child in the Philippines: Report on the
implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child by the
Philippines.
KRUSCHWITZ, R. B. 2003.Children. The Center for Christian Ethics at
Baylor University.
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. 1984. Revised Edition
NGO
COALITION
IN
MONITORING
THE
CRC.
2003.
NGO
Supplementary Report to the Second GOP Implementation Report
on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
SAVE THE CHILDREN UK. 2006. Philippine Laws Related to the
Discipline and Punishment of Children. Quezon City.
ZUCK, R.B. 1996. Precious in His Sight: Childhood and Children in the
Bible. Grand Rapid.
http://www.endtime.or/library/hoag/children.html
http://www.cirp.org/library/ethics/UN-declaration/
http://www.cwc.gov.ph/downloadables/CRC.C.PHL.3-4%20official.pdf
http://www.dilg.gov.ph/attachments/0000/0542/200811_DILG_News_Dige
st.PDF
http://www.dilg.gov.ph/issuance/ 1-Memorandum-Circulars
http://www.doj.gov.ph/files/Filipino_children.pdf
94
http://www.session/how_country/edr-philippines-en.pdf
http://www.un-documents.net/gdrc1924.htm
95
APPENDICES
Appendix A. Letter to the Respondents
Purok 3, #62 Gabriela Silang,
2600 Baguio City
January 18, 2010
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
Dear _____________________,
Greetings!
I am Mr. Abraham P. Mang-usan. I am currently taking my Masters in Community
Development at the Benguet State University – Open University.
In line with my masteral thesis requirement, I would like to invite you and the members of
your Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) to participate as
respondents in the research study I am undertaking.
My research study is entitled: ‘’The Functionality of the Barangay Councils for the
Protection of Children in the Municipality of Bontoc.’’ The objective of the said research
study is to know the following:
1. The status of the BCPC in the municipality of Bontoc.
2. The facilitating factors that contributes to the functionality of the BCPC.
3. The contraints in the implementating the functions of the BCPC.
4. The recommendations and actions to be done to enhance the BCPC.
The result of the study would be helpful in making the BCPC functional towards our goal
of a child-friendly barangay.
Rest assured that information and data that you will be providing will be treated
confidential and will only be used for the purposes of my research study.
Thank you so much!
Sincerely,
(Sgd.) Mr. Abraham P. Mang-usan
Researcher
Noted by :
(Sgd.) Elita B. Herrero, MSW
(Sgd.) Lita Molitas-Colting, PhD
Thesis Adviser Director, Open University
96
Appendix B. Questionnaire for the BCPC Assessment
Barangay: ____________________________________
Name: _______________________________________
Sector Represented: ____________________________
YES
NO REMARKS
A. On Government Laws and Mandates
1. Existence of an Administrative Order
issued by the Punong Barangay on the
organization/re-organization of the
BCPC.
B. On Composition and Structure of the
BCPC
1. Existence of an organized BCPC
with its organizational structure.
2. Members of the BCPC are aware of
their roles and functions.
3. Children’s sector is represented in
the BCPC.
4. Youth sector is represented in the
BCPC.
5. BCPC meets on a regular basis.
6. There is a system of delegating tasks
and responsibilities.
7. 80% of members are non elected
officials.
C. On Policies
1. Members of the BCPC formulated
List down barangay
resolutions on child protection.
ordinances/policies/resolutions
crafted by the BCPC/Barangay
Council on child protection.
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
6. _____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper
if needed.
2. Availability of a compilation of
child protection related
ordinances and /or resolution/
policies.
97
D. On Plans, Programs and Resources
1. There is a situational analysis on
children in the barangay as basis for
policies and action plan.
2. Annual Work and Financial Plan is
developed by the BCPC members and
submitted for inclusion in the Barangay
Development Plan.
3. A minimum of 1% of the IRA is
allocated for the BCPC.
4. If resources are not available, is
List of activities/events initiated
there any resource generation activity
and type/s of resource/s
initiated by the BCPC?
generated:
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper
if needed.
6. Are there planned activities that were
implemented?
7. Is there an annual performance
assessment conducted?
8. Is there an annual report submitted
to the Barangay Council for submission
to the MLGOO?
9. Is the Annual Report included in the
State of the Local Address (SOLA)?
10. The BCPC is in partnership with
List partner agencies:
external child-serving agencies.
1. _____________________
2. ____________________
3. _____________________
4. ____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper if
needed.
98
E. On Capability Building
1. Are there trainings attended by the
members of the BCPC?
2. Are these trainings sponsored by:
Names of Agencies and
Trainings Conducted
2.1 Government Agency/ies
DILG
1.______________________
2______________________
3______________________
DSWD
1._____________________
2._____________________
3._____________________
Name of NGO / Other
2.2 Non-Government Agencies
Agencies:
_______________________
_______________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper if
needed.
3. Are there trainings and other events
List down the trainings initiated
initiated by your own BCPCs to enhance
by the BCPC
the knowledge, attitudes, and skills
1. _____________________
(KAS) of the members?
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper if
needed.
4. Is your BCPC represented in the
Municipal Council for the Welfare of
Children (MCWC) / Local Council for the
Protection of Children (LCPC)?
5. Have you joined any Award
Competition such as Search for the
Most-Child Friendly Barangay?
F. On the Management of Programs
1. Are there cases of child in need of
List down the types of CNSP
special protection (CNSP) managed by
and their number:
the BCPC?
CICL: _______
Child Abuse: _______
Child Labor: ________
Prostituted Children: _____
Exploited Children: _______
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Orphans/Foundlings:
_____________________
2. Who takes the lead in the
___Chairman
management of cases?
___Delegated to other members;
Specify________________
Others ________________
3. CNSP cases are documented and
compiled.
G. On the Awareness and Support to
the BCPC
1.80% of the community members are
aware of the existence of the BCPC.
2. The community members are actively
involved in the activities of the BCPC.
3. The BCPC members are actively
involved in the affairs of the Council.
H. On the leadership in the BCPC
1. Everyone in the Council can freely
express his/her ideas and views.
2. Policies, plans, and budget are
developed in a participatory process.
3. Members are involved in decision-
making processes.
4. There are sanctions to members for
not performing his/her duties and
responsibilities.
5. There is a system of rewarding good
performing members of the Council.
I. On Work Values and Working
Relationships
1 The BCPC as an institution has vision,
mission, goals and objectives (VMGOs).
2. There is an orientation and discussion
on the VMGOs of the BCPC as an
institution to the members.
3. There is harmonious working
relationship between and among the
members of the BCPC.
4. BCPC members see their
membership in the Council as an
opportunity to extend service.
5. There is a sense of satisfaction for
being a member of the BCPC.
100
J. On Technical know-how of the BCPC
1. Policies and plans of the BCPC are
properly documented and filed.
2. BCPC is empowered to do budget
and resource advocacy.
3. The facilitation of the BCPC meetings
is generally well organized.
4. There is a standard format for the
BCPC reports.
5. BCPC made and submitted project
proposals to funding partners and
donors.
6. The BCPC is capable and conducts
regular monitoring and evaluation of its
programs, projects, and activities
7. The BCPC provides child-related
skills training.
8. The trainings given by government
and non-government agencies are very
helpful.
9. What other trainings does the BCPC
List down the trainings needed
need to have?
by the BCPC
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper if
needed.
101
Please answer the following questions and statements briefly.
A. Describe the involvement of the community organization, church- based
organization, women organization, and other groups in the BCPC.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
B. What is the participation of children and youth in the BCPC?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
C. Describe in general the leadership in the BCPC.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
D. List down all the factors that enable your BCPC to implement its plans and
activities.
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5 .______________________________________________________________
E. List down all factors that constraint your BCPC to implement its plans and
activities.
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________
F. List down all your recommendations in order to strengthen your BCPC and
enhance its functionality.
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________
Thank you so much!
102
Appendix C. Interview Guide Questions for Focus Group Discussion
1. As a member of the BCPC, how familiar are you on the composition
and structure of your BCPC? Do you know how many members your BCPC
have?
2. Did you have an orientation about BCPC particularly on its roles and
functions?
3. Do you think majority of the people in your community is aware of the
existence of the BCPC?
4. Does the BCPC conduct meetings regularly? When is the schedule of
your regular BCPC meetings? How do you describe the attendance of the
members during BCPC meetings?
5. Did you participate in the BCPC planning? Can you identify what BCPC
planned activities were implemented? If planned activities were not implemented,
what were the reasons why these activities were not implemented?
6. How do you describe in general the working relationships in the
BCPC?
7. Are there trainings you attended as BCPC member?
8. Was there an assessment and evaluation conducted for your BCPC?
103
Appendix D. Laws and other Related Laws on Children in the Philippines
Executive Orders
Description
Executive order no. 51 National Code of Marketing of Breastmilk
Substitute, Breastmilk Supplement and other
Related Products
Executive order no. 56 Authorizing the Ministry of Social Services and
Development to take Protective Custody of Child
Prostitutes and Sexually Exploited Children
Executive order no.
Creating
the
Kabataan:
2000
Steering
139
Committee, The Action Officer Committee, and
the
Regional
Steering
Committee
in
implementation of the year-round work program,
Kabataan: 2000 and for other purposes
Executive order no.
Creating a Committee for the Special Protection
275
of Children from all Forms of Neglect, Abuse,
Cruelty, Exploitation, Discrimination and Other
Conditions Prejudicial to their Development
Proclamations
Description
Proclamation no. 46
Reaffirming the Commitment to the Universal
Child and mother Immunization Goal by
Launching the Polio Eradication Project
Proclamation no. 74
Declaring the 17th day of October of Every Year
as National Children’s Day
Proclamation no. 267
Declaring the Month of October of Every Year as
National Children’s Month
Proclamation no. 731
Declaring the Second Week of February of Every
Year as “National Awareness Week for the
Prevention
of
Child
Sexual
Abuse
and
Exploitation”
Proclamation no. 759
Declaring the Fourth Week of March of Every
Year as “Protection and Gender-Fair Treatment
Of the Girl Child Week”
Proclamation no. 855
Proclaiming the Adoption and Implementation Of
the Philippine Program of Action for Children in
the 1990s
104
Republic Acts
Description
Republic Act No.
Free Public Secondary Education Act of 1988
6655
Republic Act No.
Government
Assistance
to
Students
and
6728
Teachers in Private Education Act
Republic Act No.
An Act Lowering the Age of Majority from Twenty-
6809
one to Eighteen Years Amending for the Purpose
Executive Order No. 209, and for Other Purposes
Republic Act No.
Barangay
Level
Total
Development
and
6972
Protection of Children Act
Republic Act No.
An Act to Help Poor but Deserving Students
7323
Pursue their Education by Encouraging their
Employment during Summer and/or Christmas
Vacations
Republic act No. 7600 The Rooming-in and Breastfeeding Act of 1992
Republic Act No.
Special Protection of Children against Child
7610
Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination
Republic Act No.
An Act Integrating Drug Prevention and Control in
7624
the Intermediate Secondary Curricula as well as
in the Non-formal, Informal and Indigenous
Learning Systems and for other Purposes
Republic Act No.
An Act Prohibiting the Employment of Children
7658
Below 15 Years of Age in Public and Private
Undertakings
Republic Act No.
An Act to Lengthen the School Calendar from
7797
Two Hundred (200) Days to Not More Than Two
Hundred Twenty Class Days
Republic Act No.
And Act Amending Section 25 of Batas
7798
Pambansa Blg. 232, otherwise known as "The
Education Act of 1982"
Republic Act No.
An Act Requiring Compulsory Immunization
7846
against Hepatitis-B for Infants and Children Below
Eight (8) Years old
Republic Act No.
Fair and Equitable Access to Education Act
7880
Republic Act No.
Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995
8043
105
Republic Act No.
Youth in Nation-Building Act
8044
Republic Act No.
An Act for Salt Iodization Nationwide (ASIN)
8172
Republic Act No.
An Act Declaring Every Second Sunday of
8296
December
as
the
National
Children's
Broadcasting Day
Republic Act No.
Anti-Rape Law of 1997
8353
Republic Act No.
Family Courts Act of 1997
8369
Republic Act No.
Children's Television Act of 1997
8370
Republic Act No.
Domestic Adoption Act of 1998
8552
Republic Act No.
Comprehensive Drugs Act for 2002
9165
Republic Act No.
Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003
9208
Republic Act N. 9231 Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor and
Affording
Stronger Protection for the Working Child
Republic Act No.
Allowing Illegitimate Children to Use the Surname
9255
of their Father, Amending Article 176 of the
Family Code of the Philippines
Republic Act No.
Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children
9262
Act of 2004
Republic Act No.
An Act Establishing a Comprehensive Juvenile
9344
Justice and Welfare System, Creating the
Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council under the
Department of Justice, Appropriating Funds
therefore and for other purposes
106
Appendix E. Acronyms Used in the Study
AFPI: Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.
AWFP: Annual Work and Financial Plan
CFSPI: Child and Family Service Philippines, Inc.
Child 21: The Philippines Strategic Framework for Plan Development for
Children
CNSP: Child in Need of Special Protection.
CPCP: Comprehensive Programme on Child Protection.
CWC: Council for the Welfare of Children. Financed by the President's
Social Fund; is in charge of advocacy and mobilization,
mainstreaming sessions, and supporting operations by national and
local governments.
DILG: Department of Interior and Local Government.
DSWD: Department of Social Welfare and Development.
IRA – Internal Revenue Allotment; as mandated, a minimum of 1% of the
IRA of the barangay should be allocated for the BCPC.
LCPC: Local Council for the Protection of Children.
LCE: Local Chief Executive; The Punong barangay at the Barangay Local
Government Unit.
107
LGC: Local Government Code of 1991.
NPAC: National Plan of Action for Children
UN CRC: United Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child.
UNGASS: United Nations General Assembly on HIV/AIDS.
108
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Mr. Abraham P. Mang-usan is a native of
Bontoc, Mt. Province. He was born in December 20,
1974. He is presently residing at Acupan, Virac,
Itogon, Benguet.
He graduated in elementary with honors at Acupan Elementary
School, Acupan, Virac, Itogon, Benguet and finished his secondary
education at SLU-Laboratory High School, Baguio City in 1994.
He finished his degree in Bachelor of Science in Psychology at
Saint Louis University, Baguio City in March 2000.
He will be graduating in Master in Community Development at the
Benguet State University, Open University, La Trinidad, Benguet on April
29, 2010.
Abraham has been actively involved in community and church
organizations. He was the Secretary General of the Samahan ng
Kabataang Episkopal sa Pilipinas (SKEP), the national youth organization
of the Episcopal Church in the Philippines (ECP) from 2000 to 2003. He is
very grateful for his experiences as a youth leader because he finds these
very helpful in his career in community development.
109
He started working with Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.
in 2002 handling the Sponsorship Program and other related Programs of
the Foundation being implemented in some areas in northern Luzon. He is
at present the staff-in-charge of the Foundation in its branch office based
in Baguio.
Community development work has given him the opportunity to
become the Private Sector Representative of Mt. Province to the CAR-
Regional Development Council from 2005-2007.
He presently sits as one of the Board of Directors of the Cordillera
Network of Development NGOs and POs (CORDNET).
Table 6. Frequency of responses in each of the indicators of Level 1: Structural Level
FUNCTIONALITY INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
There is a barangay
resolution for the
establishment of the
6
5
10
1
18
0
1
16
14
0
12
0
BCPC.
Level 1:
There is a budget
Structural
allocation of 1% of
0
11
4
7
0
18
1
16
14
0
0
12
Level
the barangay IRA.
Sufficient
committees have
0
11
2
9
0
18
3
13
14
0
0
12
been established.
There is a child
rights advocate
7
4
11
0
18
0
6
10
14
0
12
0
represented.
4
3
Table 7. Consensus answers of respondents on the indicators of Level 1: Structural Level
FUNCTIONALITY INDICATORS
CAN-EO DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
LEVEL
There is a
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
barangay resolution
for the
establishment of
the BCPC.
Level 1:
There is a budget
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Structural
allocation of 1% of
Level
the barangay IRA.
Sufficient
N
N
N
N
Y
N
committees have
been established.
There is a child
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
rights advocate
represented.
4
6
Table 8. Frequency of responses in each of the indicators of Level 2: Organizational Level
FUNCTIONALITY
LEVEL
INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
The BCPC has an annual
work and financial plan.
0
11
7
4
0
18
0
17
12
2
12
0
The BCPC has a
situational analysis of
children in the barangay.
3
8
0
11
18
0
2
15
1
13
12
0
Level 2:
Organizational
The BCPC conducts
Level
regular meetings and
keeps records.
0
11
8
3
18
0
2
15
12
2
0
12
The BCPC supports
necessary child-related
legislation.
11
0
11
0
18
0
17
0
14
0
12
0
The BCPC provides child-
related skills trainings.
0
11
0
11
2
16
0
17
0
14
1
11
4
9
Table 9. Consensus answers of respondents on the indicators of Level 2: Organizational Level
FUNCTIONALITY
INDICATORS
CAN-EO DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
The BCPC has an
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
annual work and
financial plan.
The BCPC has a
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
situational analysis of
children in the
barangay.
Level 2:
The BCPC conducts
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Organizational
regular meetings and
Level
keeps records.
The BCPC supports
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
necessary child-related
legislation.
The BCPC provides
N
N
N
N
N
N
child-related skills
trainings.
5
2
Table10. Frequency of responses in each of the indicators of Level 3: Functional Level.
FUNCTIONALITY INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
The BCPC
implements work
0
11
10
1
18
0
0
17
14
0
12
0
plan.
The BCPC develops
Level 3:
diversion programs
Functional Level
and manages
0
11
3
8
3
15
1
16
3
11
0
12
diversion cases.
The BCPC prepares
and submit annual
accomplishment
1
10
2
9
0
18
0
17
14
0
12
0
reports to the LCPC.
Youth is actively
involved in the
activities of the
4
7
9
2
18
0
13
4
13
1
12
0
BCPC.
5
5
Table 11. Consensus answers of respondents on the indicators of Level 3: Functional Level.
FUNCTIONALITY
LEVEL
INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
The BCPC
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
implements work plan.
The BCPC develops
N
N
N
N
N
N
diversion programs
and manages
Level 3:
diversion cases.
Functional Level
The BCPC prepares
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
and submit annual
accomplishment
reports to the LCPC.
Youth is actively
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
involved in the
activities of the BCPC.
5
8
Table 12. Frequency of responses in each of the indicators of Level 4: Sustainability Level.
FUNCTIONALITY INDICATORS
CAN-EO DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
Yes No Yes No Yes No
Yes
No
Yes
No Yes
No
80% of the members are
not elected officials.
9
2
8
3
18
0
17
0
14
0
12
0
The BCPC partners with
external child-serving
0
organizations.
11
0
11
0
18
0
17
0
14
0
12
Level 4:
The BCPC is empowered
Sustainability
to do budget and resource
Level
advocacy.
0
11
4
7
0
18
0
18
0
14
0
12
The BCPC is represented
in the LCPC through the
Association of Barangay
Councils.
11
0
8
0
18
0
17
0
14
0
12
0
6
1
Table 13. Consensus answers of respondents on the indicators of Level 4: Sustainability Level
FUNCTIONALITY
INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
80% of the members are
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
not elected officials.
The BCPC partners with
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
external child-serving
Level 4:
organizations.
Sustainability
Level
The BCPC is
N
N
N
N
N
N
empowered to do
budget and resource
advocacy.
The BCPC is
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
represented in the LCPC
through the Association
of Barangay Councils.
6
3
Table 15. Awareness and support of community people and BCPC members
AWARENESS AND
CAN-EO DALICAN MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
SUPPORT TO THE BCPC
Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes No
1. Eighty (80) % of the
community members are
7
4
10
1
15
3
1
17
13
1
12
0
aware of the existence of the
BCPC.
2. The community members
are actively involved in the
7
4
9
2
17
1
1
17
13
1
12
0
activities of the BCPC.
3. The BCPC members are
actively involved in the affairs
6
5
11
0
10
0
15
3
14
0
12
0
of the Council.
6
9
Table 16. Consensus answers of respondents on the awareness and support to the BCPC
AWARENESS AND SUPPORT
CAN-EO
DALICAN MAINIT MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
TO THE BCPC
1. Eighty (80) % of the community
members are aware of the existence
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
of the BCPC.
2. The community members are
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
actively involved in the activities of the
BCPC.
3. The BCPC members are actively
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
involved in the affairs of the Council.
7
1
Table 17. Leadership in the BCPC
ON THE
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEADERSHIP IN
THE BCPC
Yes
No
Yes No Yes No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
1. Everyone in the
Council can freely
6
5
10
1
18
0
1
17
14
0
12
0
express his/her ideas
and views.
2. Policies, plans, and
budget are developed
4
7
10
1
15
3
3
15
11
3
12
0
in a participatory
process.
3. Members are
involved in decision-
6
5
11
0
18
0
2
16
14
0
12
0
making processes.
7
3
Table 18. Consensus answers of respondents on the leadership in the BCPC
ON THE LEADERSHIP IN
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
THE BCPC
1. Everyone in the Council can
freely express his/her ideas
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
and views.
2. Policies, plans, and budget
are developed in a
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
participatory process.
3. Members are involved in
decision-making processes.
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
7
5
Table 19. Work values and working relationship in the BCPC
WORK VALUES AND WORKING
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
RELATIONSHIPS
1. There is harmonious working
relationship between and among the
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
members of the BCPC.
2. BCPC members see their
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
membership in the Council as an
opportunity to extend service.
3. There is a sense of satisfaction for
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
being a member of the BCPC.
7
7
Table 20. Consensus answers of respondents on policies, plans, programs, and management
POLICIES, PLANS, PROGRAMS,
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
MANAGEMENT
1. There is a situational analysis on children in
the barangay as basis for policies and action
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
plan.
2. Annual Work and Financial Plan is
developed by the BCPC members and
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
submitted for inclusion in the Barangay
Development Plan.
3. Are there planned activities that were
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
implemented?
4. Is there an annual performance
N
N
N
N
Y
N
assessment conducted?
5. Is there an annual report submitted to the
Barangay Council for submission to the
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
MLGOO?
6. Is the Annual Report included in the State of
the Local Address (SOLA)?
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
7. Are there cases of child in need of special
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
protection (CNSP) managed by the BCPC?
8. CNSP cases are documented and
N
N
N
N
Y
N
compiled.
7
9
Table 22. Consensus response of respondents on the technical know-how of the BCPC
CAPABILITY BUILDING AND
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW
1. Policies and plans of the BCPC
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
are properly documented and filed.
2. The facilitation of the BCPC
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
meetings is generally well organized.
3. The BCPC is capable and
N
N
N
N
N
N
conducts regular monitoring and
evaluation of its programs, projects,
and activities.
4. The BCPC provides child-related
N
N
N
N
N
Y
skills training.
8
2
FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN
IN BONTOC, MOUNTAIN PROVINCE
ABRAHAM P. MANG-USAN
SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE OPEN UNIVERSITY,
BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY, LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET,
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
APRIL 2010
i
ABSTRACT
MANG-USAN, ABRAHAM P. April 2010. Functionality of
Barangay Councils for the Protection of Children in Bontoc, Mountain
Province. Benguet State University, Open University, La Trinidad,
Benguet.
Adviser: Elita B. Herrero, MSW
The case study looked into the functionality of the Barangay
Councils for the Protection of Children (BCPCs). It determined the level of
the functionality of the BCPCs and identified factors which contribute to its
functionality. Factors which constraint the BCPC in its functionality were
also determined and recommendations for strengthening the BCPC were
noted.
The study is a qualitative research that made use of the descriptive
and narrative evaluation methodology. Data gathered was subjected to
validation through collateral information. The respondents of the study
were the members of the BCPC and other stakeholders from the six
Barangays in Bontoc. A questionnaire was used to collect data. This is
supplemented by personal interviews, focus group discussions, and
document reviews. The data collected were organized and critically
v
analyzed using the typology of BCPC functionality in line with the
objectives of the study.
The study provided the opportunity for the members of the BCPC to
be participants in the evaluation. In the process of getting involved in the
study, they came into realization of the competence that they have and
don’t have. This gave them more motivation to change the situation.
Findings show that out of the six BCPCs assessed, only one BCPC
is at Level 2: Organizational Level of Functionality. All the other five
BCPCs are still at Level 1: Structural Level of Functionality. Factors
identified that promote the BCPC functionality include the presence of a
clear guideline and procedure on its establishment, organization,
composition, structure and organizational set up. The awareness and
support of community people and the BCPC members help in making the
BCPC functional. It was also noted that the practice of shared leadership
in the council facilitates the functionality of the BCPC. The last factors
noted that enabled the BCPC to function were work values and working
relationship between and among the members of the BCPC. The BCPC
was able to move against difficulties because of its strong social
commitment and selfless concern to children in the locality.
On the other hand, low technical know-how was found out to be the
major constraint in the functionality of the BCPC. This has resulted in poor
vi
local planning and poor project management. The non-allocation and non-
availability of budget and resource for the BCPC exacerbated the situation
making the BCPC unable to implement its work plans and projects. The
mandated minimum 1% of the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) of the
barangay for the BCPC is not being implemented.
Technical assistance from external agencies is one of the solutions
identified to help strengthen the BCPCs. There should also be continuous
education for the BCPC members and the community people about the
BCPC to be able to generate mass support and sustain active involvement
and participation.
This study provided these recommendations from the respondents
and from this researcher. Such recommendations will enable the BCPC to
fulfill its obligations in the upliftment and promotion of rights of the
children.
vii
1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
The Bible often depicts children as gifts of God and signs of God’s
blessing. Children are sources of joy and pleasure, who ultimately come
from God and belong to God. Psalm 127:3 of the New World Translation
of the Holy Scriptures (1984) says children are a “heritage” from the Lord
and a “reward”. In Genesis 30:20 of the same book, Leah, Jacob’s first
wife, speaks of her sixth son as a dowry, or wedding gift, presented by
God.
Further, Genesis 30:11, 22 and Samuel 1:11, 19 state that parents
who receive these precious gifts are being “remembered” by God and
given “good fortune” to be “fruitful” with children is to receive God’s
blessing (Zuck, 1996).
Children, we should remember, are God’s gifts not only to their
parents, but also to the community. They will grow up not only to be sons
and daughters but also husbands, wives, friends, neighbors, and citizens.
In every honest heart, there must be an innate love for children.
Their innocence, their purity, their quick receptivity to good, makes an
irresistible appeal to everyone who is awake to loveliness. Ever since
Jesus said to his disciples, "Suffer the little children to come unto me, and
2
forbid them not: for of such is the kingdom of God," the Christian world has
recognized that it is only the cold, Pharisaical thought would push children
aside as troublesome and of little real importance (Hoag, 1999).
Although children are developing, they are, at the same time, whole
and complete human beings made in the image of God; and thus they are
worthy of respect and dignity (Anderson and Johnson, 1994).
Recognizing the full humanity of children is the first step towards
treating all children with respect. All children, regardless of race, gender,
or class, are fully human and worthy of respect. The call to advance the
welfare of children around the world prompted nations to draft and issue
international declarations related to children’s rights. The Geneva
Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1924 contains five stipulations
namely:
1. The child must be given the means requisite for its normal
development, both materially and spiritually;
2. The child that is hungry must be fed; the child that is sick must
be nursed; the child that is backward must be helped; the delinquent child
must be reclaimed; and the orphan and the waif must be sheltered and
succored;
3. The child must be the first to receive relief in times of distress;
3
4. The child must be put in a position to earn a livelihood, and must
be protected against every form of exploitation;
5. The child must be brought up in the consciousness that its
talents must be devoted to the service of fellow men.
During the Cold War era, the United Nations became conscious of
the wide-spread suffering of children throughout the world and concluded
that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, advanced in 1949 to
promote human dignity, well-being, and rights in general, had largely failed
to recognize and enforce the special rights to which every child is entitled.
The United Nations drafted the Declaration on the Rights of the Child,
setting forth ten principles in defense of every child’s need for special
safeguards, including appropriate legal protection, before and after birth.
After three decades of the Declaration on the Rights of the Child,
the UN General Assembly in 1989 pushed for implementation of the UN
Convention on the Rights Child (UNCRC). The Convention is the first
legally binding international treaty to give universally-recognized norms
and standards for the protection and promotion of children's rights in a
single text. It is also the most rapidly and widely ratified international
human rights treaty in the world. This unprecedented wide participation
clearly shows a common political will to improve the situation of children.
4
In September 2000, building upon a decade of major United
Nations conferences and summits, world leaders came together at United
Nations Headquarters in New York to adopt the United Nations Millennium
Declaration, committing their nations to a new global partnership to reduce
extreme poverty and setting out a series of time-bound targets - with a
deadline of 2015 - that have become known as the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs).
The Philippines, in particular, mindful of its commitments to the
foregoing global agenda, strongly recognizes that the protection of
children from abuse, exploitation and violence is fundamental to their
survival and development and is therefore a pre-requisite to achieving a
number of the MDGs. Conversely, working towards some of the MDGs
such as empowering women, achieving universal primary education and
developing decent and productive work for youth, will contribute to a
reduction in the number of Filipino children becoming victims of abuse,
exploitation and violence. (http://www.session/how country/edr-philippines-
en.pdf)
The Millennium Declaration and MDGs explicitly address child
protection. A closer look at the MDGs shows that not a single goal can be
achieved without including child protection strategies and interventions.
Failing to protect children from such issues as abuse, exploitation and
5
violence in schools, child labor, trafficking, commercial sexual exploitation,
and armed conflict, among others, will end up squandering society's most
precious resource. Reaching all children who are most vulnerable,
disadvantaged, and in need of special protection will help ensure the
survival, health, development and well-being of all and is indispensable to
achieve the MDGs.
In light of the MDGs and the United Nations General Assembly on
HIV/AIDS (UNGASS) outcome document “A World Fit for Children”, the
Philippine Government has developed a “National Strategic Framework for
Plan Development for Children”. Popularly known as “Child 21” and
spanning 25 years up to 2025, its goal is to build a child-sensitive and
child-friendly society as the country's promise to Filipino children in the
21st century. It is meant to serve as a road map and a guide to make plans
and programs for children more focused. Child 21 also places strong
emphasis on the rights and unique needs and circumstances of
disadvantaged and vulnerable children and provides a sharper focus on
the rights of all children to special protection.
Addressing child abuse, exploitation and violence calls for the
creation of a protective and caring environment for children. Ensuring that
children grow up in a protective and caring environment is what is called
for in the UNGASS outcome document, “A World Fit for Children” in which
6
the Philippine Government is a signatory. United Nations International
Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), through all its country offices
around the world, has strongly advocated for this protective and caring
environment, where every element of that environment contributes to child
protection and where every actor does his or her part in addressing abuse,
exploitation and violence.
A protective and caring environment for children must permeate all
societal levels and institutional settings – family, school, church, mass
media, justice system, local community or barangay, city or municipality,
and the larger society.
A protective and caring environment for children includes the
following elements:
1. The government, national and local, is truly committed to child
protection.
2. Laws are in place and are consistently enforced.
3.
Attitudes,
customs
and
practices,
including
gender
discrimination, that facilitate or lead to abuse, exploitation and violence are
challenged and changed.
7
4. Child protection issues are openly discussed in the mass media
and among civil society partners.
5. Children are equipped with knowledge and skills to protect
themselves from abuse, exploitation and violence.
6. All those who interact with children – parents, teachers, religious
leaders, social workers, health workers, law enforcers, prosecutors,
judges, etc. – know how to recognize and respond to abuse, exploitation
and violence.
7. Basic and preventive social services as well as specialized
services for rescue, recovery, healing and reintegration are available for
all children without discrimination.
8. Monitoring systems are designed to identify, count and track
children who are at risk and victims of abuse, exploitation and violence.11
Many of the elements of the protective and caring environment are
interlinked. For instance, governmental commitment may dictate whether
basic social services as well as specialized interventions for victims of
abuse, exploitation and violence are provided, or whether investment is
made in setting up effective monitoring and reporting systems. Similarly,
vigilant and active involvement of mass media and civil society
8
organizations can be a critical factor in challenging and changing values
and attitudes.
According to UNICEF’s Mid-Decade Goals for Filipino Children, a
protective and caring environment for children is an important aspect of
the Child-Friendly Movement which has been propagated under the GOP-
UNICEF Country Programme for Children as the main vehicle for
translating the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and
its Optional Protocols into a concrete reality in the lives of Filipino children.
The Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) is a
local institution created to attend to the needs and rights of children in the
community; it serves as the umbrella organization for all children’s
concerns in the locality. It is a mechanism geared towards a child-friendly
community specifically tasked to translate the standards and provisions
into concrete actions that will lead to the fulfillment of Filipino children’s
rights to survival, development, protection, and participation.
The municipality of Bontoc is one of the municipalities in Mt.
Province that actively promote a child-friendly community. The challenge
has been taken by different local institutions in every barangay in the
municipality. The BCPC, along with other local institutions like the Local
Development Council, the Katarungang Pambarangay, the Sanguniang
9
Barangay, the Sanguniang Kabataan, and the Local Health Station work
hand in hand in the promotion of children’s welfare at the barangay level.
The annual search for the most child friendly barangay in the
municipality is regularly being conducted. Since a child-friendly barangay
is a multi sector endeavor, the BCPC has to be functional enough to be
able to deliver its functions particularly in providing a protective and caring
environment for children.
Statement of the Problem
The functionality of the BCPC has been an issue in the different
barangays not only in Bontoc but also in other parts of the country. Most
people perceive BCPC as an organization that fails to do what it was
mandated to perform. The lack of evidences of the BCPC’s performance
contributes to its negative image.
The research aimed to find answers to the following problems:
1. What is the level of functionality of the BCPC in the six
barangays of Bontoc?
2. What are the facilitating factors that contribute to the functionality
of the BCPC in the six barangays of Bontoc?
10
3. What are the constraints in implementing the functions of the
BCPC in the six barangays of Bontoc?
4. How can the functionality of the BCPC in the barangays of
Bontoc be enhanced?
The children are one of the best assets in the community but are
also one of the most marginalized sectors. The functionality of the BCPC
is deemed very necessary to be able for it to discharge its functions in
advancing the cause of children in the community.
Objectives of the Study
The Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Incorporated (AFPI)
has been working for children’s welfare for the past 17 years in several
communities in the country particularly in the area of education. It is
guided by its vision of uplifting the dignity and self-worth of children, youth
and their families. The Foundation believes that providing the children the
opportunity to develop their full potentials can make them productive
members of the society where they belong.
After working with communities for the past 17 years, AFPI takes a
step forward in strengthening its partnership with the communities in order
to further advance the cause of the children. It is the strategic future
11
direction of Alouette Foundation to work closely with local institutions in
the barangay particularly with the BCPC in building a child- friendly
community.
The AFPI has a stake in this study. This research is an initial
assessment by the Foundation on the communities where its beneficiaries
are staying. The information gathered as to how the communities were
able to provide a caring and protective environment to the children is very
useful for Foundation to come up with action points in order to help
enhance the functionality of the BCPCs.
The objectives of the research are:
1. To find out the level of functionality of the BCPC in the six
barangays of Bontoc;
2. To identify the factors that facilitate the functionality of the BCPC
in the six barangays of Bontoc;
3. To point out factors that constraint the functionality of the BCPC
in the six barangays of Bontoc;
4. To identify ways to enhance the functionality of BCPCs in the six
barangays of Bontoc, Mountain Province.
12
Importance of the Study
Firstly, the output of this study is important because the use of
qualitative methodology in the generation of the data provides the
members of the BCPC to be participants in the assessment on the level of
the functionality of their own BCPC.
Secondly, through the data gathering methodology that was
employed, the members of the BCPCs were able to identify the factors
that facilitate the functionality of the BCPC as well as the factors that
constraint its functionality.
Thirdly, the methodology used in this study enabled the members
of the BCPC to give recommendations in enhancing the functionality of
their BCPCs.
The conduct of this study provided opportunity for them to
participate in the self-assessment of their BCPC and whatever findings
this study yields is owned by them and may therefore lead to the
enhancement of the functionality of their BCPC’s.
Scope and Delimitations of the Study
The study assessed the Barangay Council for the Protection of
Children of the six out of 16 barangays of Bontoc namely: Can-eo,
13
Dalican, Mainit, Maligcong, Tucocan and Samoki. These barangays are
included in the area of operation of the Allouette Foundation of the
Philippines, Inc. (AFPI). The assessment covered the year 2008-2009 and
dwelt only on the following concerns:
1. Assessment of the functionality of the BCPCs in the six
barangays of Bontoc using of the typology of BCPC functionality as
formulated by the Child and Family Services Philippines, Inc.
2. The factors that facilitate the functionality of the BCPC.
3. The identification of the factors that hinder the functionality of the
BCPC.
4. The listing of recommendations for the strengthening of the
BCPC.
Data and information gathered were based primarily on
questionnaires, focus group discussions (FGD), interviews, and document
reviews.
Despite the limitation of the study, the results provided insights on
the status and the level of functionality of the six BCPC’s in the
municipality of Bontoc. Moreover, the use of FGDs in the study provided
14
an opportunity for the members of the concerned BCPCs to participate in
the self assessment of their BCPCs
Conceptual Framework
The BCPC as the key role player in the children’s welfare in the
locality has to be functional. The functionality of the BCPC is affected by
different factors.
Government laws and issuances provide clear guidelines on the
establishment of the BCPC. These laws and issuances properly identify
the members, define the organizational set-up, and propose plans,
programs, projects, and activities that the BCPC may undertake to ensure
that there is a caring and a protective environment for the children in the
locality.
Such legislation mandates some government agencies to provide
support to the organizing and strengthening of the BCPC and this is done
through Memorandum Circulars or Administrative Orders. Every
administration at the local levels is mandated to issue an Administrative
Order for the organization and re-organization of the BCPC to this effect.
Ensuring a caring and a protective environment for the children is a
multi-stake endeavor. It is a big task for the BCPC to pursue. To do this,
15
there is also a need for the collaboration and teamwork between and
among the members of the BCPC. There is a need to inform and involve
the community people in this undertaking.
The members of the BCPC have to recognize and understand the
roles and functions of the BCPC as an institution and their individual roles
and functions as members. The members of the BCPC have to give their
commitment and support and bring in their expertise and skills in order for
the BCPC to have the capacity to implement its plans, programs, activities
and services to the children. The children and youth are actively involved.
The leadership in the BCPC should be able to provide an
opportunity to the members and to other stakeholders the maximum
participation in the affairs of the BCPC. The ability of the chairperson of
the BCPC in bringing about synergy and team work between and among
the stakeholders in the BCPC is very important. The BCPC members and
stakeholders working as a team can leverage impact which can be hardly
achieved when sectors and stakeholders are working independently.
The technical assistance coming from external agencies is very
important in enhancing the capacity of the BCPC to carry out its functions.
16
Intervening Variables Dependent Variables
-Awareness
Functional BCPC
and support of the
The BCPC is functional when it is
community and
capable of implementing its work plan for
members of the
the children in the community with the
support and active involvement of other
Council on the
Independent Variables
stakeholders particularly the children and
BCPC.
the youth.
-Leadership in
The BCPC develops and implements
the BCPC.
Government Laws
plans, programs, projects, and activities
for children based on the situational
and Issuances
-Technical
analysis on children done in the
know-how of the
community.
BCPC members.
There are four levels of the BCPC
functionality. The BCPC is at Level 1:
-Work values
Structural Level when the BCPC is able to
of the BCPC
comply with government laws and
members.
mandates on its establishment and
organization. The BCPC has to meet all the
-Working
standards under Level 1 before it can
relationships
move to a higher level of functionality.
between and
among the BCPC
The BCPC is at Level 2: Organizational
Level when the BCPC is conducting its
members.
regular meetings in order to make plans
and policies on children based on the
-Technical
situational analysis made on the children
assistance from
in the locality.
external agencies.
The BCPC is at Level 3: Functional
level when the BCPC is implementing its
plans, program, projects, and activities.
These undertakings are documented;
reports are made, submitted, and
reflected in the barangay annual report.
Child-Friendly
Community
The BCPC is at Level 4:
Sustainability Level if the BCPC is
capable of ensuring the continuity of
the work of the BCPC in promoting a
child friendly community.
Figure 1. The paradigm of the study showing the interrelationships of the
different variables believed to contribute to the functionality of
the BCPC in the municipality of Bontoc, Mountain Province.
17
Operational Definition of Terms
1.Barangay – basic unit of the Philippine, it covers the six
barangays of Bontoc, Mountain Province namely: Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit,
Maligcong, Tucocan, and Samoki.
2.BCPC – Barangay Council for the Protection of Children, is
established to spearhead development initiatives for children at the
barangay level.
3. Children –Human beings below 18 years of age, or over 18 but
are unable to fully take care of themselves or protect themselves from
abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation, or discrimination because of physical
or mental disability or condition (RA No. 9344).
4. Functionality of BCPC – the ability of BCPC to perform its tasks
as a council, executes its objectives and sustains its activities.
5. Indicators of level of functionality – factors that are considered as
whether being present or not in the BCPC that would identify the level of
its functionality.
6. Level of functionality - the state of which the indicators of level of
functionality are considered.
7. Local government unit – serves as convergence points for all the
efforts in pursuit of child rights, and function as interfaces between global
and national strategies and local directions. They plan, develop,
18
implement and monitor programmes, raise funds, and mobilize all possible
partners. Local governments also continuously monitor the welfare of the
children for whom they are responsible.
8. Stakeholders – individual or groups either government or non-
government that play significant roles for the functionality of the BCPC.
19
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Laws and Policies Governing
Protection of Children
Most Filipino families believe that a child is a “gift of God and a sign
of grace.” The birth of a child is almost always a happy and welcome
event. Children are valued for the happiness and inspiration they bring, for
their economic contributions, and for the security they provide for the
parents in their old age (Medina, 2001). With child-centered culture,
Filipino families exert all efforts to give their children the best attention and
care.
It is not surprising that the Philippines has been one of the
countries in the world which has actively advocated for the care and
protection of children.
Recognizing the vulnerability of the child and his key role in the
future of the nation, the 1987 Philippine Constitution included the following
provision: “ The state recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation
building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual,
intellectual, and social well being. (Article 11, Section 13).
Ratifying the united Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child
(UNCRC) in 1990, the Philippines has passed several legislations, crafted
20
and implemented plans that ensure and promote children’s welfare. The
implementation of the Philippine Plan of Action for Children in 1992 had
given significant progress in the health, education, and access to basic
facilities for children.
The Philippine Strategic Framework for Plan Development for
Children or Child 21 is a strategic framework that will guide stakeholders
in planning programs and interventions that promote and safeguard the
rights of the Filipino children in the 21st century. It advocates not only for a
more focused targeting for children but also for interfacing critical
interventions at the various stages of child’s development.
As a strategic framework, Child 21 paint in broad stokes a vision for
the quality of life of Filipino children in 2025. It is a road map for the
national government as well as for local government units, private entities
and non- governmental organizations in setting priorities for action and in
allocating and utilizing resources to promote the rights of Filipino children.
Child 21 aims to synchronize family, community and national efforts
towards the full realization of the rights of children by 2025.
The vision of Child 21 has been concretized through the formulation
of the National Plan of Action for Children (NPAC) for the period 2005-
2010. NPAC translates the vision of Child 21 into clear, actionable and
21
time-bound plan within a shorter, five-year time frame. It is in the context
of NPAC as well as the global policy directions articulated in the “World Fit
for Children” and the Millennium Development Goals that the
Comprehensive Program on Child Protection (CPCP) has been revised
and updated. As such, the CPCP is a companion document to NPAC and
is an elaboration of the NPAC child protection component.
Executive Order No. 310 was issued on November 3, 2000,
authorizing its adoption and implementation by the Council for the Welfare
of Children (CWC).
The Republic Act 7610 or the Child Abuse Act is considered as the
Philippines landmark legislation for children. Unlike the UNCRC, RA 7610
applies to all forms of child abuse whether committed by parents and
guardians or by strangers who are under no obligation to care for the
child.
It appears that we have already enough existing laws and policies
directed at protecting our children from various forms of abuse,
exploitation and violence. All the existing child protection laws and policies
combined are powerful instruments for action. The challenge now is for all
sectors at all levels of Philippine society to ensure consistent enforcement
of laws and effective implementation of policies addressing all Filipino
22
children who are disadvantaged, vulnerable and in need of special
protection (CNSP). The revised and updated CPCP is a concrete step
towards ensuring the protection of all Filipino children, particularly the
disadvantaged, marginalized, and in need of special protection. (Council
for the Welfare of Children: Proceedings of the National Consultation
Workshop, 1990).
To make sure that legislations and laws pertaining to the care and
protection of children will be enforced, special bodies are created.
Foremost among the special bodies created to give teeth to laws that
uphold the rights of children is the Council for the Welfare of Children
established by Presidential Decree No. 603, which coordinates the
implementation and enforcement of all laws relative to the promotion of
child and youth welfare.
The Local Council for the Protection
of Children
The Local Council for the Protection of Children (LCPC) was
established as supported by the Local Government Code of 1991 to look
into children’s concerns at the local levels. The LCPC is organized at the
provincial, city or municipal, and at the barangay level.
23
The LCPC has the following as its legal bases:
1. The UN’s Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
provides the fundamental basis of our vision for the Filipino children. The
ratification of CRC by the Philippine government in 1990 has made it
imperative for all sectors of our society to translate the standards and
provisions into concrete actions that will lead to the fulfillment of Filipino
children’s rights to survival, development, protection, and participation;
2. Article 87 of Presidential Decree No. 603 or the Child and Youth
Welfare Code provides that “every Barangay Council shall encourage the
organization of a Local Council for the Protection of Children;
3. Section 15 of Republic Act No. 9344 or the Juvenile Justice and
Welfare Act of 2006 provides for the Establishment and Strengthening of
Local Councils for the Protection of Children: “One percent (1%) of the
internal revenue allotment of barangays, municipalities and cities shall be
allocated for the strengthening and implementation of the programs of the
LCPC.”;
4. DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2002-121. “Guidelines on the
Organization and Strengthening of the LCPCs incorporating thereat Early
Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) Coordinating Committees at
the Provincial, City, Municipal and Barangay Levels.”;
24
5. LCEs shall take the lead in the organization and strengthening of
LCPC and implementation of all children’s programs in their respective
localities;
6. DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2008-126: “Guidelines in
Monitoring the Functionality of the Local Council for the Protection of
Children (LCPC) at all Levels”.
Barangay Council for the Protection
of Children
At the barangay level, the BCPC is chaired by the Punong
Barangay with the following members: Barangay Kagawad (Chairperson,
Committee on Women & Family), Barangay Nutrition Scholar, Barangay
Day Care Worker, Barangay Health Nurse/Midwife, DepEd Principal/
Teacher-in-Charge, Chief Barangay Tanod, SK Chairperson, PTCA
President, NGO Representative, Child Representative, and others.
As mandated, the BCPC is tasked on the following:
1. Formulate plans, programs and policies for children that are
gender-fair, culturally relevant and responsive to the needs of diverse
groups of children from 0 to below 18 years of age;
25
2. Prepare Annual Work and Financial Plan (AWFP) for children
and recommend appropriations to the Sanggunian;
3. Provide coordinative linkages with other agencies and institutions
in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of plans for children;
4. Provide technical assistance and recommend financial support to
the City/Municipal and Barangay Council for the Protection of Children;
5. Establish and maintain database on children;
6. Recommend local legislations promoting child survival,
protection, participation and development, especially on the quality of
television shows and media prints and coverage, which are detrimental to
children and with appropriate funding support;
7. Conduct capability building programs to enhance knowledge and
skills in handling children’s programs;
8. Monitor and evaluate the implementation of the program and
submit quarterly status reports to the RSCWC/Provincial/City/Municipal
LCPC;
26
9. Foster education of every child;
10. Advocate for the establishment and maintenance of
playgrounds, day care centers and other facilities necessary for child and
youth development;
11. Assist children in need of special protection and refer cases
filed against child abusers to proper agencies/institutions;
12. Document Barangay best practices on children;
13. Perform such other functions as provided for in the ECCD and
other child related laws.
The performance of these mandated tasks require leadership skills,
network management, and technical know-how.
The BCPC as a network can be enhanced by the aforementioned
factors with the leadership and network management skills of the
chairperson. It is essential that the chairperson is capable in putting all the
members together for synergy toward the realization of the goals and
aspirations of the BCPC.
27
1. There is shared values and goals, meaning there is recognition
of a common interest and need among the members;
2. There is willingness by the members to work with others;
3. There is commitment to a common goal and aspiration;
4. Members empower themselves;
5. There is sense of satisfaction and fulfillment among members.
Figure 2 shows the flow chart of the BCPC/LCPC as followed by
the local government of Bontoc, Mountain Province.
28
CWC
Council for the Welfare of Children
RSCWC
Regional Station of the Council for the
Welfare of Children
PSCWC
Provincial Station of the Council for the
Welfare of Children
MCWC/CCPC
Municipal Council for the Welfare of Children/
City Council for the Welfare of Children
BCPC
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children
Figure 2. The structure of the Council for the Welfare of Children in
relation to the BCPC
29
In line with the monitoring of the functionality of the BCPC, DILG
has come up with the functionality indicators as bases for assessing and
rating the BCPC functionality. Pursuant to the DILG Memorandum Circular
No. 2008-126, the BCPC/LCPC will be assessed in the following as
presented in the matrix.
Table 1. Areas assessed in the functionality of the BCPC
CATEGORY
DESCRIPTION
1.Organization (10%) - BCPC/LCPC organized through a sanggunian
resolution/ordinance or Executive/ Administrative
Order by the Local Chief Executive. (5%)
- Composition is in accordance with DILG MC
No. 2002-121, the “Revised Guideline in the
Organization and Strengthening of the BCPC
incorporating
thereat
ECCD
Coordinating
Committees at the Local Levels”. (5%)
2. Meetings (10%)
- Regular quarterly meetings conducted, and
supported by Minutes of Meetings duly signed by
the Secretariat Head with attendance sheets
attached (2.5% for every regular meetings
conducted.)
3. Policies, Plans
- PPAs of the BCPC/LCPC provided funding in
and Budget (30%)
the Provincial/City/Municipal/Barangay Annual
Budget. (10%)
- Annual Work and Financial Plan Developed.
(5%)
- Annual Work and Financial Plan of the
BCPC/LCPC
are
included
in
the
Local
Development Investment Plan and Annual
30
Investment program of the LGU. (5%)
- At least two policies for each child rights have
been developed and recommended trough a
resolution. (4%)
- Policies approved by the Sangunian (at least
two policies for each major child rights have
been approved by the concerned sanggunian.)
(4%)
- Policies and Programs/ Projects/ Activities
(PPAs) are evidenced/needs based/demand
driven. (2%)
4. Accomplishment
- PPAs undertaken based on the approved work
(50%)
and financial plan. (20%)
- State of Children’s Report. (10%)
- Accomplishments reflected in the LGU Annual
Report. (8%)
- Accomplishments documented. (7%)
- Accomplishments included in the SOLA. (5%)
The assessment of the BCPC/LCPC based on the above indicators
also determines the level of functionality of the BCPC/LCPC being
assessed. The DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2008-126 has defined the
level of functionality of the BCPC/LCPC as follows:
31
Table 2. Levels of BCPC functionality
LEVEL OF
FUNCTIONALITY
DESCRIPTION
1. Basic
– The BCPC/LCPC attained a rating of 20% and
below, and satisfied the requirements for
organization and/or meetings.
2. Progressive
– The BCPC/LCPC attained a rating of 21-50%,
and aside from organization and meetings, it
also satisfied the requirements for any of the
sub indicators under policies, Plans, Budget or
Accomplishment Report or vice versa.
3. Mature
The BCPC/LCPC attained a rating of 51-79%
and was able to satisfy the requirements for
organization and meetings, and any of the sub-
indicators for Policies, Plans and Budget or
Accomplishment Report or vice versa.
4. Ideal
– The BCPC/LCPC attained a rating of 80-
100%, which means that the Council was able to
satisfy the requirement for all the indicators of a
functional BCPC/LCPC.
Data from the National Barangay Operations Office (NBOO) of
DILG as of August 2007 show that 73 out of 81 provinces, 126 out of 132
cities, 1,365 out of 1,496 municipalities and 40,994 out of 41,994
barangays have organized local councils for the protection of children
(LCPC). However, these LCPCs are in varying levels of functionality. Only
60 percent of provinces, 54 percent of cities, 36 percent of municipalities
32
and 19.8 percent of barangays have functional LCPCs (Table and Figure
3).
Table 3. Status of local councils for the protection of children, 2007
Local
Councils
No. of LCPC
Number of
% of LCPC /
LCPC organized
BCPC functional
Provinces
81
73
60
Cities
132
126
54
Municipalities
1,365
1,496
36
Barangays
40,994
41,994
19.8
Source: National Barangay Operations Office (NBOO), Department of Interior & Local
Government
Figure 3. Percent of LCPC/BCPC functional
33
The Child and Family Service Philippines, Inc. (CFSPI), a Non-
Governmental Organization based in Baguio City has come up with a
typology of the BCPC functionality. The typology of functionality is an
output of its many years of working with several Local Government Units
and BCPCs in the province Benguet. This typology requires that all
indicators of Level 1: Structural Level must be complied with first before
the BCPC can move to the next level which is Level 2: Organizational
Level. After satisfying all the indicators under Level 2: Organizational
Level, the BCPC can move to Level 3: Functional Level then finally to the
highest level which is Level 4: Sustainability Level.
The said typology will be used in this study in describing and
determining the level of functionality of the six BCPCs in Bontoc.
Table 4. Typology of BCPC functionality
FUNCTIONALITY LEVEL OF BCPC
INDICATORS
Level 1: Structural level
The BCPC is organized with the mandated There is a barangay resolution for
memberships in accordance with DILG MC the establishment of the BCPC.
2002-121 or the “Revised Guidelines on the
Organization and Strengthening of the There is a budget allocation of 1%
BCPC.”
The
Committee
on
Survival, of the barangay IRA.
Committee on Protection, Committee on
Development,
and
the
Committee
on A sufficient number of committees
Participation
are
established.
The have been established.
organizational chart of the BCPC is posted at
34
the barangay hall. There is a barangay There is a child rights advocate
council ordinance providing funds for the represented.
BCPC.
Level 2: Organizational Level
Established data base on children as basis The BCPC has an annual work
for policy and plan formulation.
and financial plan (AWFP).
Barangay Council passed a resolution
adopting the policies, Annual Work and The BCPC has a situational
Financial Plans of the BCPC and integrated in analysis
of
children
in
the
the
in
the
Barangay
Comprehensive barangay.
Development Plan. Minutes of the regular
quarterly meetings of the BCPC are duly The
BCPC
conducts
regular
signed by the secretary with the notices, meeting and keeps records.
agenda, and attendance sheets attached.
Budget includes the capability building of the The BCPC supports necessary
members of the BCPC such as trainings on child-related legislation.
meeting
facilitation,
trainings
on
documentation
and
filing,
leadership The BCPC provided child-related
development,
and
resource
generation skills training.
among others. Programs for all stakeholders
on children are being conducted such as
trainings on parental care and guidance,
family
week
celebrations,
and
parent
education.
Level 3: Functional Level
The BCPC implements work plans
Activities
undertaken
showing
the The BCPC develops diversion
implementation of the BCPC’s Annual Work programs and manages diversion
and Financial Plan. Accomplishment report of cases.
the BCPC is reflected in the LGU Annual
report and included in the State of the Local The BCPC prepares and submits
Address (SOLA). State of the Children’s annual accomplishment reports to
Report delivered by the Local Chief Executive the LCPC.
during Children’s Month celebration in
October of every year. There are records and Youth is actively involved in the
files on the assistance given to Children in activities of the BCPC.
Need of Special Protection (CNSP) and
referral of cases filed against child abuse to
concerned agencies and institutions. Youth
representative is involved during planning and
deliberations in the BCPC.
35
Level 4: Sustainability Level
80% of the BCPC are not elected
officials.
There is the assurance on the continuity of
the work of the BCPC even if members come The BCPC partners with external
and go. Resources are harnessed that would child-serving organizations.
ensure the implementation of the PPA’s. The
BCPC has an active membership in networks The BCPC is empowered to do
and federations of organizations advocating budget and resource advocacy.
and promoting children’s rights and welfare.
The BCPC benefits from its partnership with The BCPC is represented in the
external
child-serving
organization
in LCPC through the Association of
enhancing
its
capacity
to
further
its Barangay Councils.
functionality.
36
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
This study was conducted in the municipality of Bontoc, Mt.
Province, Cordillera Administrative Region.
Bontoc is one of the 10 municipalities of Mt. Province. It is the
provincial capital and is a 3rd class municipality. It has a total land area of
396.10 km2. Bontoc is composed of 16 barangays. Based on the 2007
census, it has a population of 24,798 people in 5,035 households.
Agriculture is the primary source of income of the households. The
six barangays assessed in this study are the areas where Allouette
Foundation of the Philippines, Inc. (AFPI) operates and where its
sponsored students are residing. Barangay Dalican, Mainit, and Maligcong
belong to the upland communities. These barangays are approximately an
hour travel from the town center of Bontoc. Barangays Can-eo and
Tocucan belong to the riverside communities and are approximately half
an hour travel from the town center of Bontoc.
Barangay Samoki is the nearest to the town center of Bontoc
among the six barangays assessed in this study. It is approximately one
kilometer away from the municipal hall of Bontoc.
37
N
S
*
*
*
*
*
*
Baran
gays in cluded in
the study
*
Figure 4. Enlarged map of Bontoc, Mountain Province
38
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study were the representatives or members
of the BCPC in the following barangays: Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit,
Maligcong, Tucocan, and Samoki in the municipality of Bontoc.
Other stakeholders from the barangay council, tanod, barangay
health workers, and teachers in the community were also included as
respondents in this study.
Table 5. Population of the study
RESPONDENTS
BCPC
MEMBERSHIP
MEMBERS
OTHER
TOTAL
STAKEHOLDERS
Can-eo
14
11
-
11
Dalican
7
7
4
11
(4 Brgy. Officials)
Mainit
8
8
10
18
(4 BHW, 3 Tanod, 2
Brgy. Officials,
1 Teacher)
Maligcong
8
8
9
17
(5 Brgy. Officials, 3
Teachers,
1 Tanod)
39
Table 5. Continued …
Tocucan
20
14
-
14
Samoki
17
12
-
12
TOTAL
74
60
23
83
Research Design
This study is a qualitative research using the descriptive and
narrative evaluation methodology. Information was subjected to validation
through collateral information and document review.
Information that was gathered was analyzed to describe the current
situation of the object of the study with the participation of the
respondents.
Data Gathering Methods
The research used a questionnaire, personal interviews, focus
group discussions, and document reviews in gathering data.
The questionnaire was developed and was given to each of the
members of the BCPC in barangays Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit, Maligcong,
Tucocan, and Samoki to answer. The questions were formulated based on
the indicators of a functional BCPC and was answerable by YES or NO.
40
Personal interviews and focus group discussions were also utilized to
gather data.
Information and data gathered were supplemented and validated
through document reviews from the available files and documents in the
barangays and in the office of the Municipal Government Operations
Officer.
Data Analysis and Interpretation
The YES and NO answers provided for by the respondents in the
questionnaire were counted, tallied, and recorded in a frequency table.
Questions that were answered “YES” would mean that they complied with
the particular functionality indicator being asked. On the other hand,
questions that were answered “NO” by the members of the BCPC would
mean that they were not able to comply with the functionality indicator
being asked.
Questions wherein some of the respondents answered YES and
some members answered NO were brought back to the group to come up
with a consensus answer. To come up with a consensus answer, focus
group discussions and documents review was facilitated.
The consensus answers of the respondents were further analyzed
in line with the objectives of the research.
41
Plate 1. BCPC Assessment in barangay Maligcong
Plate 2. BCPC Assessment in barangay Can-eo
42
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The Level of Functionality of the BCPC
in the Six Barangays of Bontoc
In determining the level of the Barangay Council for the Protection
of Children’s (BCPC) functionality, all indicators of Level 1: Structural
Level should be complied first. If the BCPC is not able to comply with all
indicators of Level 1, the BCPC cannot move on the higher level of
functionality even if the BCPC was able to meet and comply with several
of the indicators at the higher levels.
Level 1: Structural Level. The Level: Structural Level functionality is
the first level in the typology of functionality. It is at this level that the
BCPC is formalized through an Administrative Order from the barangay
chairperson. Other structures are put in place and funds are allocated.
Table 6 shows the frequency of responses of respondents in Level
1. The questions that garnered some YES and some NO answers in Level
1 indicators from the respondents were brought back to the members to
come up with a consensus answer through a focus group discussion
(FGD).
43
44
Review of available files and documents was also done in
validating their answers.
After facilitating FGDs and document reviews, the following results
were realized. Barangays Can-eo and Dalican were able to agree that
indeed there is an Administrative Order for the organization of their
BCPCs. On the other hand, the respondents in barangay Maligcong were
able to realize that there was no Administrative Order issued by the
barangay chairperson for the organization of the BCPC. The issuance of
the Administrative Order for the organization of the BCPC by the barangay
chairperson it gives the legality of the existence of the BCPC as an
institution in the locality.
The respondents in barangays Dalican and Maligcong agreed that
their BCPCs did not allocate the mandated 1% of their barangay Internal
Revenue Allotment (IRA) on any amount for their BCPCs. The allocation
of the budget for the BCPC ensures that there is an available fund for the
BCPC to use in its operations and services.
The respondents in barangay Dalican agreed that their BCPC did
not establish any of the four committees in their BCPC. These committees
are considered workhorses of the council.
45
The respondents in barangay Can-eo agreed that there is a child’s
rights advocacy in their BCPC. The respondents in barangay Maligcong,
on the other hand, came to realize that they did not identify a child’s rights
advocate in their BCPC. The membership of a child rights advocate that
there is child participation in the BCPC.
The consensus answers of the respondents in the BCPCs on the
indicators of Level 1: Structural Level of functionality in Table 7.
Table 7 shows that only Barangay Tucocan was able to comply
with all the four indicators of Level 1.
This was validated with a copy of the Administrative Order for the
organization of the BCPC in the files of barangay Tocucan.
The master list of the BCPCs in the Municipal Local Government
Operations Office files shows that the BCPC in barangay Tocucan had
established three committees namely: Committee on Participation,
Committee on Protection, and Committee on Development.
An organizational chart is posted at the barangay hall showing the
names of the members also indicating the sector each is representing.
The barangay council also passed a resolution allocating 1% of its
IRA (Php.10,000.00) for the year 2009.
46
47
Barangays Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit, and Samoki were able to
comply with the indicator on the availability of an Administrative Order for
the establishment of their BCPCs and the indicator on the representation
of the children by a child advocate.
The record from the MLGOO of Bontoc shows that barangays Can-
eo, Dalican, Mainit, and Samoki were not able to establish any of the four
committees: Committee on Survival, Committee on Protection, Committee
on Participation, and Committee on Development.
The BCPC members also admitted that they did not allocate any
amount from their IRA for the BCPC. The members of the BCPC in
Barangay Samoki agreed and promised to allocate 1% of their IRA for the
BCPC for the Year 2010.
Barangay Maligcong was not able to comply any of the indicators of
Level 1.The BCPC members were able to realize during the assessment
that technically, their BCPC does not exist. The barangay chairperson
admitted in front of the members the lapses and gaps on his part in
relation to organizing the BCPC and in bringing dynamism in it to make
the BCPC the convergence for all the sectors in the community in
advancing the cause for children. After the BCPC assessment, the
members of the BCPC in Barangay Maligcong agreed to schedule another
48
BCPC meeting to formally organize and re-activate their BCPC. The
members also vocalized to their barangay captain that they will make a
resolution allocating 1% of their IRA to the BCPC for the Year 2010.
The non-existence of the BCPC in barangay Maligcong however
does not mean that there were no policies and legislations made and
activities conducted for the children in the community. The policies and
legislations were crafted by the barangay councils and health related
activities and services were provided for by the barangay health workers.
Level 2 Functionality: Organizational Level: The Level 2
Organizational Level of functionality is the next level after all indicators of
Level 1: Structural Level is complied with by the BCPC. It is at this level
that the BCPC prepares for action by evolving an Annual Work and
Financial Plan (AWFP) based on the situational analysis conducted for the
children in the community. The said situational analysis for children is
important so that goals and objectives that are formulated by the BCPC
are based on the current and local situation of the children. The frequency
of responses of the BCPCs on Level 2: Organizational Level is shown on
Table 8.
49
50
After FGDs were facilitated to come up with a consensus answer
for questions YES and some NO answers from the respondents, the
following results were realized:
The respondents in barangay Dalican and Tucocan that their
BCPCs have an Annual Work and Financial Plan (AWFP). The two
barangays also agreed that there was a situational analysis on children
conducted as basis for the formulation of the said AWFP.
The respondents in Maligcong agreed that there was no situational
analysis for children conducted. There was no available document to
support the claim of some members who said that a situational analysis
for children was conducted.
The respondents in Dalican have agreed that the regular meetings
of their BCPC are being conducted after a review on the documents of the
minutes of their meetings. The respondents in barangay Maligcong, on the
other hand, were convinced that the regular meetings of the BCPC are not
being conducted as supported by the unavailability of records of their
meetings.
The respondents in barangays Mainit and Samoki agreed that their
BCPCs do not provide child-related skills trainings to other stakeholders. It
was realized by the members of the BCPC in Mainit that although there
51
were skills training conducted, the said trainings were not provided by their
BCPC but by external agencies that are providing direct services to the
community.
The consensus answers of the respondents after the focus group
discussions and document reviews are presented in Table 9.
Table 9 shows that barangays Dalican, Tucocan, and Samoki were
able to make their annual work and financial plans. A situational analysis
was conducted as basis for the formulation of the annual work and a
financial plan was accomplished by barangays Mainit, Tucocan, and
Samoki.
Barangay Mainit conducted a situational analysis for children
through the Community Based Information and Monitoring System
(CBIMS) but it did not make an AWFP for the children as a BCPC. The
BCPC was not able to have a planning session in order to translate the
information from the CBIMS. Barangay Dalican, on the hand, was able to
make a plan and implement activities for children but not as a BCPC. The
implementation of activities and services to the children were done by
sectors of the barangay.
52
53
All the BCPCs support necessary child-related legislation. Files of
the barangays show that the BCPCs were able to make resolutions and
ordinances on curfew for minors at night time, prohibiting the sale of
cigarettes and liquors to minors, and prohibiting gambling in the
community.
Barangay Dalican, Mainit, and Tucocan are conducting their regular
quarterly meetings. Minutes of their meetings were properly documented
by the secretary and noted by the barangay chairperson.
The members of the BCPCs were able to realize that the conduct of
regular meetings of the BCPC is very important in the life and work of the
BCPC. The members of the BCPC of barangays Maligcong and Samoki
agreed to start having BCPC meetings and ensure that quarterly BCPC
meetings are sustained.
All the BCPCs admitted that there were no child-related skills
trainings given by their BCPCs to other stakeholders in the community in
order to enhance the skills on providing care and protection to children.
The BCPC members feel that they need to undergo trainings themselves
first before they can provide such training to other stakeholders in the
community.
54
Level 3: Functional Level. The Level 3: Functional Level is the
phase wherein the BCPC implements their AWFP as evidenced by
accomplishment reports made and submitted for inclusion in the Annual
Report of the barangay. It is also in this phase that the BCPC is able to
develop diversion programs and manages diversion cases. The active
participation of the youth in the BCPC planning and deliberations is
manifested in the inclusion of the plans of the youth in the BCPC plan and
in the conduct of activities by the youth in collaboration with the BCPC.
Table 10 shows the frequency of responses in each of the
indicators of Level 3: Functional Level.
The indicators in Level 3: Functional Level where in some of the
respondents answered YES and some answered NO, the questions were
brought back to the members to come up with a consensus answer
through a focus group discussion. The review of available files and
documents was also done in validating their answers. This process
enabled the members of the BCPC to identify the missing documents.
After FGDs on questions that were brought back to the respondents
for consensus answers, the following results were realized. The
respondents in barangay Dalican were assured that they have
implemented activities for the children.
55
56
Barangays Dalican, Mainit, Maligcong, and Tucocan came to
realize that their BCPCs did not develop diversion programs and managed
diversion cases for children. The members of the BCPCs were able to
understand that diversion programs are important in ensuring that
alternative activities and interventions are provided to children most
especially to children who are in conflict with the law and children who are
in need of special protection. The members of the BCPCs however
decided to ensure that this will be one of the areas that they need to work
on.
The respondents of barangays Can-eo and Dalican were able to
admit that their BCPCs did not prepare and submit their BCPC
accomplishment reports. The said accomplishment report has to be
submitted for inclusion in their barangay Annual Report.
There are respondents in barangays Dalican, Maligcong, and
Tucocan who said that the youth are not actively involved in their BCPCs.
After the FGD, the respondents came to agree that the youth should have
an active participation in their BCPCs. In barangay Can-eo, the
respondents who claimed that there is active involvement of the youth
were able to agree with those who say that there is no active participation
of the youth. The youth representative admitted during the assessment
57
that she was not able to find time to represent well the youth in the BCPC
due to her studies.
The consensus answers of the respondents in each of the
indicators in Level 3.
Table 11 shows that the BCPCs in barangays Dalican, Mainit,
Tocucan, and Samoki were able to implement plans and activities on
children. However, these activities on children were implemented by
sectors not as a BCPC.
According to the members of the BCPCs, they lack the knowledge
and the skills in the preparation and the technical know-how in the
management of diversion cases thus, their BCPCs were not able to
develop diversion programs and managed diversion cases.
Barangays Tucocan and Samoki were able to prepare and submit
their annual report to the Local Council for the Protection of Children
(LCPC) and included such reports in the barangay annual report. The
BCPCs in these two barangays appreciate the presence of members who
have the technical skills in writing.
58
59
According to the members of the BCPCs of barangays Can-eo,
Dalican, Mainit, and Maligcong, their annual BCPC reports were not made
because the barangay secretary who was supposed to make the report
was not able to do so because of other tasks.
The members of the BCPCs say that the youth sector is
automatically represented in the BCPC by the Sangguniang Kabataan
(SK) chairperson. However, since most of the SK chairpersons are
students, their participation in the planning and deliberations in the BCPCs
is very limited. In most cases, the SK plans and conducts activities not
necessarily in collaboration with the BCPC. Activities that are usually
being done by the SK are sports festival, clean and green drives in the
community, and specific activities during community fiestas and other
community gathering.
Level 4: Sustainability Level. The highest level of BCPC
functionality in the typology is Level 4: Sustainability Level. At this level,
there is assurance on the continuity of the work of the BCPC. Resources
are tapped in order to ensure the implementation of its plans, programs,
and activities. The BCPC also at this stage, is able to establish partnership
with external child-serving organizations in enhancing its capacity to
further its functionality.
60
Table 12 shows the frequency of responses in each of the
indicators of Level 4: Sustainability Level.
After FGDs on questions that were brought back to the respondents
for consensus, the following results were gathered. The respondents from
Can-eo and Dalican reviewed the list of the BCPC members and were
able to agree that more than 80% of the members in the council are not
elected officials. This is validated by the master list of BCPC members
secured from the DILG Provincial Office in Bontoc.
The respondents of barangay Dalican acknowledged that their
BCPC lacks the capacity in resource advocacy. They were able to realize
that that even the mandated minimum 1% from their IRA is not being
allocated for the BCPC.
The respondents in all the six BCPCs have a consensus that their
BCPC is in partnership with an external child-serving organizations and
that their BCPC is being represented in the LCPC by their respective
barangay chairperson.
The consensus answers of the respondents in each of the
indicators of Level 4.
61
62
Table 13 shows that three of the four indicators in Level was
complied with by all the six BCPCs.
Membership in the BCPC is organizational not personal. The
mandated agency sectors as members include the Barangay Health
Station, Schools, NGOs, POs, Religious Sectors, PTCA, Barangay
Tanods, Sanguniang Kabataan, Day Care, and the Barangay LGU.
Based on the master list of BCPC members submitted by the
BCPCs to the MLGOO in Bontoc, more than 80% of the total membership
in the BCPCs are not elected officials. Having less selected in the BCPCs
means that, majority of the old members of the BCPC are retained even
after having a new set of barangay officials, ensuring the continuity of the
work of the BCPC.
The external partners identified by the BCPCs are usually
government agencies such as the Department of Social Welfare and
Development, Department of Health, Department of Education and others.
These government agencies provide direct services to the children but
they do not provide technical assistance to the BCPCs in order for them to
enhance their functionality.
63
64
The respondents acknowledged the fact that they do not have the
skills on resource advocacy. According to the members of the BCPCs,
they did not attend trainings and other activities that would develop their
capacity in order to be able to harness resources for their BCPCs.
The BCPCs are automatically represented in the LCPC at the
municipal level by the barangay chairmen. However, it was learned from
concerned people that the LCPC is also struggling in its functionality.
Given the other demands and broader mandates on the part of the Local
Chief Executive of the municipality, even the conduct of meetings for the
LCPC can have difficulties for performance and sustainability.
Factors that Facilitate the Functionality
of the BCPC
Government Laws and Mandates. Government laws and issuances
on the establishment, organization, and re-organization of the BCPC
provide its legal basis and foundation. The DILG Memorandum Circular
No. 2002-121 encouraged and set the guidelines for the organization and
re-organization of the BCPC/LCPC at all levels. The latest DILG
Memorandum Circular 2008-126 provided the revised guidelines on the
strengthening and monitoring of the BCPC/LCPC.
65
The barangay chairpersons and the barangay secretaries in all the
barangays of Bontoc were able to attend an orientation seminar about the
BCPC. This was organized by the provincial office of the DILG in Bontoc,
Mt. Province.
Most of the BCPCs find the DILG MC No. 2002-121 and DILG MC
No. 2008-126 very informative and helpful in making their BCPCs
functional.
Composition, structure, and organizational set-up of the BCPC. The
BCPC which began as a community level child protection has become an
over-all child’s rights promotion mechanism. The composition, structure,
and organizational set up of the BCPC provide an avenue of convergence
for all sectors in the community towards the promotion of children’s
welfare.
The BCPC as a network of several sectors in the community is a
strategic and practical response in articulating the needs of the children in
the community. The different sectors working together in the BCPC create
synergy thus, greater output and impact is attained.
Collaboration and complementation between and among the
sectors in the BCPC is an effective way of maximizing resource
generation and utilization.
66
Table 14 shows the number of committees formed within the
BCPCs. The committees revolve around the four broad categories of
children’s rights. The four committees formed within the BCPC are:
Committee on Survival, Committee on Development, Committee on
Protection, and Committee on Participation.
Out of the six barangays, only barangay Tocucan has organized all
of these committees in their BCPC.
Table 14. Committees formed within the BCPCs.
BARANGAYS
COMMITTEES FORMED WITHIN THE BCPC
Committee on
Committee on
Committee on
Committee on
Survival
Development
Protection
Participation
Can-eo
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Dalican
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Mainit
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Maligcong
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Tucocan
Organized
Organized with
Organized with
Organized
with 5
4 members
7 members
with
members
9 members
Samoki
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Not organized
Source: 2008 Master list of BCPC, DILG Provincial Office, Bontoc, Mt. Province
67
The committees serve as the workhorses of the BCPC. The
creation of committees within the BCPC helped the council in its functions.
The barangay that was able to establish its committees within its BCPC
shared that the delegation of tasks and functions to the committees played
a major role in the successful implementation of its plans, programs and
services.
One important factor on organizational matters that was noted that
promotes functionality is the conduct of regular meetings. The BCPC as a
network needs to conduct meetings regularly. The meetings are the
lifeblood of any organization and network because is through the BCPC
meetings that concerns and issues of children are discussed and
decisions are made. As mandated, the BCPC should meet quarterly. The
assessment shows that those BCPCs that meet regularly have higher
performance as compared to BCPCs that do not meet regularly.
Awareness and support of the community and BCPC members.
Awareness about the BCPC is very important. It is through awareness that
community people are encouraged to participate and to involve
themselves in the affairs of the BCPC.
68
Table 15 shows the frequency of responses of the respondents on
the awareness and support of community people and BCPC members to
the BCPC.
The questions on the awareness and support of community people
and BCPC members to the BCPC wherein some of the respondents
answered YES and some answered NO were brought back to the
members to come up with a consensus answer through an FGD.
The respondents in barangays Can-eo, Dalican, Mainit, and
Tucocan agreed after the FGD that at least 80% percent of the community
people are aware of the existence of the BCPC in the community. Their
basis is the attendance of the community people during barangay General
Assemblies wherein sharing and discussions about the BCPC are being
done. The respondents also said that the awareness by the community
people about the BCPC encourages the people to be involved in the
activities of the council.
The respondents in barangay Maligcong realized after FGD that
there where few people in the community who were aware of the
existence of the BCPC. The respondents acknowledged the fact that there
was no opportunity wherein information about the BCPC was shared to
the community people. This explains also why there is less involvement of
the community people in the affairs of the council.
69
70
All the respondents of the BCPCs agreed that all members of their
BCPCs are actively involved in the activities of their BCPC. Most of them
cite their commitment in working for the sake of the children.
Table 16 shows the consensus answers of the respondents on the
questions on the awareness and support of the community people and
BCPC members to the BCPC.
The members of the BCPCs assessed claimed that 80% of the
community members were aware about BCPC. The BCPC is made known
to the community through community activities like barangay general
assemblies and other activities conducted for the children.
It was acknowledged by the respondents that although not all of
them are aware of the roles and functions of the BCPC as a council they
still give their support to its goals and objectives.
71
72
Leadership in the BCPC. The BCPC is a network of different
sectors and organization in the community. The skill of the chairperson of
the BCPC in network management is very crucial in the dynamism and
teamwork between and among the members.
Table 17 shows the frequency of responses on the leadership in
the BCPC. The questions where in some of the respondents answered
YES and some answered NO were brought back to the members to come
up with a consensus answer through an FGD.
The respondents in barangay Can-eo and barangay Dalican come
to a consensus that the members in their BCPCs can freely express their
ideas and views. Respondents in barangay Maligcong say that they are
not sure whether they can freely express their ideas and views since there
has never been any BCPC meetings and activities conducted as
opportunity to assess this. But the respondents agreed that that their
answer is NO because according to them, most of the members were not
involved even in the organization of the BCPC.
In the formulation of policies, plans, and budget, barangays
Dalican, Mainit, and Tucocan said that participatory approach was
employed. The respondent in barangays Can-eo and Maligcong said that
73
74
the formulation of policies, plans, and budget was not done in a
participatory manner because there were no planning and activities
conducted by the BCPC in order to formulate and discuss policies, plans,
and budget.
The respondents in barangay Samoki agreed that everyone in the
council can express his views and ideas. The members are involved in
decision making and in the formulation of policies, plans, and budget.
Table 18 shows the consensus answers respondents on the
leadership in the BCPC.
The respondents agree that chairpersons who employ participatory
approaches enhance the functionality of the BCPC. The participation of
the women in leadership roles, the children and youth, and the other
members of the BCPC are being highly encouraged. This confirms earlier
assessments that BCPC that functions are those that have chairmen who
are noteworthy for their reputation for good governance.
75
76
Work values and working relationship of the BCPC members. The
BCPC as a convergence for all the sectors and organization in the
community requires teamwork in order to be effective in pushing their
common agenda on children.
Table 19 shows the consensus answers of respondents on work
values and working relationship in the BCPC.
All members of the six BCPCs said that there is harmonious
working relationship between and among them. Everyone sees his/her
membership in the BCPC as an opportunity to extend service and that
they have a sense of satisfaction for being a part of the BCPC.
Most members say that they are willing to work for the BCPC when
they see and feel the honesty, commitment, and selfless work of their
chairman. Some members cite their strong spiritual foundations and social
commitment.
77
78
Constraints on the Functionality of the BCPC
Policies/ Plans/ Programs/ Management. The formulation of
policies, plans, and programs are among the mandates of the BCPC. Most
of the BCPCs were able to draft and make resolutions and policies on
children in their respective barangay but these resolutions and policies
were not properly compiled or not documented. Only the BCPC of
barangay Tucocan was able to have a compilation of its child protection
ordinances, resolutions, and/or policies (Table 20).
Only the barangays of Mainit and Samoki were able to conduct
their situational analysis on children as basis for policies, action plans, and
programs. According to the BCPC members, they do not have the
capability of conducting such.
In the absence of data and information from the situational analysis,
barangays Dalican and Tucocan were able to develop their Annual Work
and Financial Plan (AWFP). According to the respondents, the AWFP was
based on the data that was provided by each sector.
The respondents said there was no performance assessment that
has been conducted for the BCPC for the last three years. The
performance assessment is not being done because according to them, it
is not being required by mandated agencies that look into the affairs of the
BCPC.
79
80
Another reason given by the respondents is that they are not
capable of conducting such. The members of the BCPCs came to a
realization that assessment and evaluation is an important process and
activity in any organization most especially when the organization wants to
improve its performance.
The annual performance assessment can be a big help for the
BCPC in coming up with its annual reports. The records of the MLGOO
shows that the BCPCs that are not conducting an annual performance
assessment are the ones that are not also able to make and submit their
annual report to the Barangay council for submission to the MLGOO.
Resources. In terms of monetary support, the Barangay Local
Government Unit is mandated to allocate at least 1% of its IRA to the
BCPC.
Table 21 shows that all of the six BCPC’s assessed in the study
except barangay Tucocan, did not allocate the mandated minimum 1% of
their IRA for the BCPC. There was no resource generation activity
undertaken by all the six BCPC’s hence no resources are readily available
for the BCPC to use in the implementation of its plans and programs.
81
Table 21. Allocation of the BCPC from the IRA of the barangay.
Allocation CAN-EO
DALICAN MAINIT MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
IRA for
722,842
747,533
860,294 661,684
947,707
1,433,576
2009
Amount
None
None
None
None
10,000.00
None
Allocated
for BCPC
Source: Department of Budget and Management
In terms of tapping other available resources, none of the six
BCPC’s was able yet to harness resources from external sources. None
has made and submitted any project proposal for funding.
Because of this, even if plans and programs were formulated, these
were not being implemented. None implementation of plans and programs
has made many BCPC’s inactive and thus perceived by people as mere
organization.
Capability Building and Technical Know-How. There were no
trainings and seminars identified by the members of the six BCPCs that
they have attended and participated as BCPC members. Also, there were
no trainings and other activities initiated by their BCPCs to enhance their
knowledge, attitudes, and skills for them to be able to provide child-related
skills trainings to children and other members of the community (Table
22).
82
83
The low investment of the BCPC in capability building negatively
affected the technical know- how of the BCPC. The inadequacy of the
technical know-how of the BCPC affected negatively the other aspects of
the BCPC like in the formulation, documentation, and filing of resolutions,
policies, plans, reports, minutes of the meeting and others.
The poor technical know-how of the BCPC was also been found out
as one of the reasons why there is poor planning, poor program
management, and no resource mobilization initiatives.
Technical Assistance from External Agencies. One of the
hypotheses of the study that technical assistance from external agencies
contributes to the functionality of the BCPC is affirmed. The respondents
unanimously agreed that they did not receive technical assistance at all
from external agencies for the strengthening of their BCPCs. Aside from
UNICEF, UNFPA, DepEd, DOH, and DSWD, there are no other external
partners of the BCPCs. The aforementioned agencies provided direct social
services but not technical assistance in the form of skills trainings to improve the
functionality of the BCPCs.
No record shows that there were skills trainings given to the
members of the BCPCs by mandated agencies in order to improve the
functionality of their BCPCs.
84
The members of the BCPCs listed in their recommendations that
they need of skills training in order to enhance their capacity for their
BCPCs.
85
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The descriptive and narrative methodology used in this research
provided the members of the BCPC of barangays Can-e0, Dalican, Mai-
nit, Maligcong, Tucocan, and Samoki of Bontoc province the opportunity to
participate in the self-assessment of their BCPCs. The result of the
assessment reflected the current situation of each of the six BCPCs who
are under the assistance of the Aloutte Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.
(AFPI).
The assessment conducted on the functionality of the six out of 16
barangays in Bontoc using the typology of BCPC functionality revealed
that five of the BCPCs are still categorized under Level 1: Structural Level
of functionality. Only BCPC of barangay Tucocan is at Level 2:
Organizational Level for being able to satisfy all four indicators in Level 1.
There were five factors identified that contributed to the functionality
of the six BCPCs in Bontoc namely: (1) Government laws and issuances
for providing the legal foundation of the BCPC; (2) Composition, structure,
and the organizational set-up of the BCPC which allows greater
participation from all sectors in the community; (3) Awareness and support
86
of the community and members of the BCPC; (4) Shared leadership which
allows greater involvement of the people and institutions in the
community; and (5) Work values and working relationship in the BCPC
which keeps the BCPC going against all odds.
The weak capability and poor technical know-how of the members
and the BCPC as a council was seen as the major constraint in the
functionality of the BCPC. Other factors identified as constraints include
poor local planning and project management, minimal or no allocated
resources, and no technical assistance from external agencies.
The interview and focus group discussions conducted with the
members of the six BCPCs in Bontoc drew out several action points and
recommendations in order to strengthen their respective BCPCs. These
revolve around intensifying awareness about the BCPC to get mass
support from the community people, re-orientation on the roles and
functions of the BCPC to all BCPC members, compliance with structural
and organizational mandates on the BCPC, encouragement for the active
participation and involvement of the children and youth in BCPC planning
and deliberations, and the enhancement of the technical know-how of the
members in order to improve its capacity in local planning, project
management, and resource generation and mobilization.
87
Conclusions
Based on the summary of findings, the following can be concluded:
1. The level of functionality of almost all of the BCPCs of the six
barangays in Bontoc are under Level 1: Structural Level of Functionality.
Although the BCPC members of some of the barangays identified the
presence of some Indicators of Functionality in the other Levels, it cannot
be concluded that these have reached a certain Level. This is because the
Level of Functionality progresses only if the BCPC has successfully
accomplished all the indicators according to the Level of Functionality.
2. The skills of the barangay chairpersons in network management
and making the BCPC as convergence for all the stakeholders in the
community for children’s welfare was identified as most significant for the
functionality of the BCPC. Shared leadership enhanced the BCPC’s
functionality due to the participation and involvement of more and able
people in the community.
3. Inadequate resources and technical know-how negatively affects
the functionality of the BCPC. The BCPC faced serious limitations
particularly in the area of local planning, project management, resource
generation and mobilization. The competence, technical know-how, and
expertise that is still lacking in most of the BCPCs interviewed was the
88
competence on documentation, records management and meeting
facilitation.
4. The work values and good working relationship between and
among the BCPC members positively affects the functionality of the
BCPC. Good working relationship brought dynamism and synergy in the
BCPC.
5. Technical assistance from external agencies was very important
in enhancing the functionality of the BCPCs as shown by the experiences
of the BCPCs in the six barangays that have gained assistance from other
sectors and agencies.
Recommendations
General Recommendations:
1. The results of the study should be discussed with the members
of the BCPCs.
2. A workshop should be conducted for the BCPCs to further
assess their BCPCs. A strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats
(SWOT) analysis should be utilized using the results of the study as input.
3. Encourage the BCPCs to improve their documentation practices
by making them realize the importance of documentation in the life and
89
work of their BCPC. Documents and files serve as evidence of their
performance and that activities not documented are tantamount to
activities not done.
4. The Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Incorporated,
having the capacity and capability should focus its technical assistance on
the development of the skill on documentation, records management,
meeting facilitation, and how to do monitoring and evaluation in order to
enhance the functionality of the BCPC. This is in coordination and in
collaboration with the MLGOO of Bontoc. The technical assistance to be
provided to the BCPCs will be reflected in the strategic plan of AFPI.
Another strategic direction of AFPI will be the establishing of
partnership with the MLGOO and MSWD for the implementation of the
intervention of AFPI on the BCPCs.
Another strategy is through developing youth leaders for the
functionality of the BCPC so that the children can be motivated to
participate in the BCPC.
90
Based on the interviews with the respondents, the following
recommendations should be considered for each of the barangays:
A. Maligcong
1. Push through with a meeting to address the structural issues of
the BCPC. Re-organization of the BCPC with existing committees on the
child’s right to survival, protection, development, and participation.
2. Pass a barangay resolution on the allocation of the minimum 1%
IRA for the BCPC.
3. Ensure that regular BCPC meetings are conducted.
4.
Identify among the members who can serve as the
secretariat head to focus on the paper works of the BCPC.
B. Can-eo, Dalican, and Mainit
1. Establish the four committees in the BCPC. Make and post their
BCPC’s organizational chart.
2. Pass a barangay resolution on the allocation of the minimum 1%
IRA for the BCPC.
3.
Ensure that regular BCPC meetings are conducted.
91
4.
Seek assistance from college students to help them organize
their BCPC files; come up with a compilation of the minutes of their
meeting, barangay ordinances and resolutions on children, plans and
reports.
C. Tucocan
1. Continue conducting their quarterly regular BCPC meetings.
2. Formulate their Local Development Plan for Children (LDPC),
Local Investment Plan for Children (LIPS), Local Code for Children (LCC),
Local State of the Children Report (LSCR).
3. Formulate and conduct capability programs for all stakeholders
on children in the barangay.
4. Seek assistance from college students to help them organize
their BCPC files; come up with a compilation of the minutes of their
meeting, barangay ordinances and resolutions on children, plans and
reports.
The members of the BCPCs agreed that leadership greatly affects
the functionality of the BCPC. In effect, it has to be emphasized most
especially to community leaders that child friendly governance is good
governance. Advocate for the implementation of the DILG Memorandum
Circular No. 2009-170 on the mainstreaming of child’s rights in the
rationalized planning system to ensure effective and efficient delivery of
92
basic social services and facilities. Ensure the inclusion of children’s
programs in the Executive Legislative Agenda so that action plans for
children are adopted and given appropriate resources by the LGU.
In consideration with the reality on the limited capacity of the
MLGOO, there should be support to be given to the MLGOO coming from
concerned POs, NGOs, and other child-serving agencies in ensuring that
DILG Memorandum Circulars and other issuances related to BCPC are
properly disseminated not only to the barangay chairmen and barangay
secretary but to all members of the BCPC as suggested by the members
of the BCPCs.
The BCPCs should deliberately link their works and initiatives with
the broader development program of the barangay. This is to better
appreciate the importance of the BCPC not only with that of the protection
of the children but also on the development of the barangay as a whole.
The Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Incorporated, in
pursuant to its mission in uplifting the dignity and self-worth of children will
work in partnership with the BCPCs and with other stakeholders in
enhancing the functionality of the BCPCs. Ensuring a protective and
caring environment for the children is a multi-stakeholders undertaking.
93
LITERATURE CITED
ANDERSON, J.H and JOHNSON, S.B. 1994. Regarding Children: New
Respect for Childhood and Families. John Knox Press.
COUNCIL FOR THE WELFARE OF CHILDREN. 1990. Proceedings of
the National Consultation Workshop on the Implementation of the
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
FROUKJE, B.2005. Rights of the Child in the Philippines: Report on the
implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child by the
Philippines.
KRUSCHWITZ, R. B. 2003.Children. The Center for Christian Ethics at
Baylor University.
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. 1984. Revised Edition
NGO
COALITION
IN
MONITORING
THE
CRC.
2003.
NGO
Supplementary Report to the Second GOP Implementation Report
on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
SAVE THE CHILDREN UK. 2006. Philippine Laws Related to the
Discipline and Punishment of Children. Quezon City.
ZUCK, R.B. 1996. Precious in His Sight: Childhood and Children in the
Bible. Grand Rapid.
http://www.endtime.or/library/hoag/children.html
http://www.cirp.org/library/ethics/UN-declaration/
http://www.cwc.gov.ph/downloadables/CRC.C.PHL.3-4%20official.pdf
http://www.dilg.gov.ph/attachments/0000/0542/200811_DILG_News_Dige
st.PDF
http://www.dilg.gov.ph/issuance/ 1-Memorandum-Circulars
http://www.doj.gov.ph/files/Filipino_children.pdf
94
http://www.session/how_country/edr-philippines-en.pdf
http://www.un-documents.net/gdrc1924.htm
95
APPENDICES
Appendix A. Letter to the Respondents
Purok 3, #62 Gabriela Silang,
2600 Baguio City
January 18, 2010
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
Dear _____________________,
Greetings!
I am Mr. Abraham P. Mang-usan. I am currently taking my Masters in Community
Development at the Benguet State University – Open University.
In line with my masteral thesis requirement, I would like to invite you and the members of
your Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) to participate as
respondents in the research study I am undertaking.
My research study is entitled: ‘’The Functionality of the Barangay Councils for the
Protection of Children in the Municipality of Bontoc.’’ The objective of the said research
study is to know the following:
1. The status of the BCPC in the municipality of Bontoc.
2. The facilitating factors that contributes to the functionality of the BCPC.
3. The contraints in the implementating the functions of the BCPC.
4. The recommendations and actions to be done to enhance the BCPC.
The result of the study would be helpful in making the BCPC functional towards our goal
of a child-friendly barangay.
Rest assured that information and data that you will be providing will be treated
confidential and will only be used for the purposes of my research study.
Thank you so much!
Sincerely,
(Sgd.) Mr. Abraham P. Mang-usan
Researcher
Noted by :
(Sgd.) Elita B. Herrero, MSW
(Sgd.) Lita Molitas-Colting, PhD
Thesis Adviser Director, Open University
96
Appendix B. Questionnaire for the BCPC Assessment
Barangay: ____________________________________
Name: _______________________________________
Sector Represented: ____________________________
YES
NO REMARKS
A. On Government Laws and Mandates
1. Existence of an Administrative Order
issued by the Punong Barangay on the
organization/re-organization of the
BCPC.
B. On Composition and Structure of the
BCPC
1. Existence of an organized BCPC
with its organizational structure.
2. Members of the BCPC are aware of
their roles and functions.
3. Children’s sector is represented in
the BCPC.
4. Youth sector is represented in the
BCPC.
5. BCPC meets on a regular basis.
6. There is a system of delegating tasks
and responsibilities.
7. 80% of members are non elected
officials.
C. On Policies
1. Members of the BCPC formulated
List down barangay
resolutions on child protection.
ordinances/policies/resolutions
crafted by the BCPC/Barangay
Council on child protection.
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
6. _____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper
if needed.
2. Availability of a compilation of
child protection related
ordinances and /or resolution/
policies.
97
D. On Plans, Programs and Resources
1. There is a situational analysis on
children in the barangay as basis for
policies and action plan.
2. Annual Work and Financial Plan is
developed by the BCPC members and
submitted for inclusion in the Barangay
Development Plan.
3. A minimum of 1% of the IRA is
allocated for the BCPC.
4. If resources are not available, is
List of activities/events initiated
there any resource generation activity
and type/s of resource/s
initiated by the BCPC?
generated:
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper
if needed.
6. Are there planned activities that were
implemented?
7. Is there an annual performance
assessment conducted?
8. Is there an annual report submitted
to the Barangay Council for submission
to the MLGOO?
9. Is the Annual Report included in the
State of the Local Address (SOLA)?
10. The BCPC is in partnership with
List partner agencies:
external child-serving agencies.
1. _____________________
2. ____________________
3. _____________________
4. ____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper if
needed.
98
E. On Capability Building
1. Are there trainings attended by the
members of the BCPC?
2. Are these trainings sponsored by:
Names of Agencies and
Trainings Conducted
2.1 Government Agency/ies
DILG
1.______________________
2______________________
3______________________
DSWD
1._____________________
2._____________________
3._____________________
Name of NGO / Other
2.2 Non-Government Agencies
Agencies:
_______________________
_______________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper if
needed.
3. Are there trainings and other events
List down the trainings initiated
initiated by your own BCPCs to enhance
by the BCPC
the knowledge, attitudes, and skills
1. _____________________
(KAS) of the members?
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper if
needed.
4. Is your BCPC represented in the
Municipal Council for the Welfare of
Children (MCWC) / Local Council for the
Protection of Children (LCPC)?
5. Have you joined any Award
Competition such as Search for the
Most-Child Friendly Barangay?
F. On the Management of Programs
1. Are there cases of child in need of
List down the types of CNSP
special protection (CNSP) managed by
and their number:
the BCPC?
CICL: _______
Child Abuse: _______
Child Labor: ________
Prostituted Children: _____
Exploited Children: _______
99
Orphans/Foundlings:
_____________________
2. Who takes the lead in the
___Chairman
management of cases?
___Delegated to other members;
Specify________________
Others ________________
3. CNSP cases are documented and
compiled.
G. On the Awareness and Support to
the BCPC
1.80% of the community members are
aware of the existence of the BCPC.
2. The community members are actively
involved in the activities of the BCPC.
3. The BCPC members are actively
involved in the affairs of the Council.
H. On the leadership in the BCPC
1. Everyone in the Council can freely
express his/her ideas and views.
2. Policies, plans, and budget are
developed in a participatory process.
3. Members are involved in decision-
making processes.
4. There are sanctions to members for
not performing his/her duties and
responsibilities.
5. There is a system of rewarding good
performing members of the Council.
I. On Work Values and Working
Relationships
1 The BCPC as an institution has vision,
mission, goals and objectives (VMGOs).
2. There is an orientation and discussion
on the VMGOs of the BCPC as an
institution to the members.
3. There is harmonious working
relationship between and among the
members of the BCPC.
4. BCPC members see their
membership in the Council as an
opportunity to extend service.
5. There is a sense of satisfaction for
being a member of the BCPC.
100
J. On Technical know-how of the BCPC
1. Policies and plans of the BCPC are
properly documented and filed.
2. BCPC is empowered to do budget
and resource advocacy.
3. The facilitation of the BCPC meetings
is generally well organized.
4. There is a standard format for the
BCPC reports.
5. BCPC made and submitted project
proposals to funding partners and
donors.
6. The BCPC is capable and conducts
regular monitoring and evaluation of its
programs, projects, and activities
7. The BCPC provides child-related
skills training.
8. The trainings given by government
and non-government agencies are very
helpful.
9. What other trainings does the BCPC
List down the trainings needed
need to have?
by the BCPC
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
Pls. use another sheet of paper if
needed.
101
Please answer the following questions and statements briefly.
A. Describe the involvement of the community organization, church- based
organization, women organization, and other groups in the BCPC.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
B. What is the participation of children and youth in the BCPC?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
C. Describe in general the leadership in the BCPC.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
D. List down all the factors that enable your BCPC to implement its plans and
activities.
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5 .______________________________________________________________
E. List down all factors that constraint your BCPC to implement its plans and
activities.
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________
F. List down all your recommendations in order to strengthen your BCPC and
enhance its functionality.
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________
Thank you so much!
102
Appendix C. Interview Guide Questions for Focus Group Discussion
1. As a member of the BCPC, how familiar are you on the composition
and structure of your BCPC? Do you know how many members your BCPC
have?
2. Did you have an orientation about BCPC particularly on its roles and
functions?
3. Do you think majority of the people in your community is aware of the
existence of the BCPC?
4. Does the BCPC conduct meetings regularly? When is the schedule of
your regular BCPC meetings? How do you describe the attendance of the
members during BCPC meetings?
5. Did you participate in the BCPC planning? Can you identify what BCPC
planned activities were implemented? If planned activities were not implemented,
what were the reasons why these activities were not implemented?
6. How do you describe in general the working relationships in the
BCPC?
7. Are there trainings you attended as BCPC member?
8. Was there an assessment and evaluation conducted for your BCPC?
103
Appendix D. Laws and other Related Laws on Children in the Philippines
Executive Orders
Description
Executive order no. 51 National Code of Marketing of Breastmilk
Substitute, Breastmilk Supplement and other
Related Products
Executive order no. 56 Authorizing the Ministry of Social Services and
Development to take Protective Custody of Child
Prostitutes and Sexually Exploited Children
Executive order no.
Creating
the
Kabataan:
2000
Steering
139
Committee, The Action Officer Committee, and
the
Regional
Steering
Committee
in
implementation of the year-round work program,
Kabataan: 2000 and for other purposes
Executive order no.
Creating a Committee for the Special Protection
275
of Children from all Forms of Neglect, Abuse,
Cruelty, Exploitation, Discrimination and Other
Conditions Prejudicial to their Development
Proclamations
Description
Proclamation no. 46
Reaffirming the Commitment to the Universal
Child and mother Immunization Goal by
Launching the Polio Eradication Project
Proclamation no. 74
Declaring the 17th day of October of Every Year
as National Children’s Day
Proclamation no. 267
Declaring the Month of October of Every Year as
National Children’s Month
Proclamation no. 731
Declaring the Second Week of February of Every
Year as “National Awareness Week for the
Prevention
of
Child
Sexual
Abuse
and
Exploitation”
Proclamation no. 759
Declaring the Fourth Week of March of Every
Year as “Protection and Gender-Fair Treatment
Of the Girl Child Week”
Proclamation no. 855
Proclaiming the Adoption and Implementation Of
the Philippine Program of Action for Children in
the 1990s
104
Republic Acts
Description
Republic Act No.
Free Public Secondary Education Act of 1988
6655
Republic Act No.
Government
Assistance
to
Students
and
6728
Teachers in Private Education Act
Republic Act No.
An Act Lowering the Age of Majority from Twenty-
6809
one to Eighteen Years Amending for the Purpose
Executive Order No. 209, and for Other Purposes
Republic Act No.
Barangay
Level
Total
Development
and
6972
Protection of Children Act
Republic Act No.
An Act to Help Poor but Deserving Students
7323
Pursue their Education by Encouraging their
Employment during Summer and/or Christmas
Vacations
Republic act No. 7600 The Rooming-in and Breastfeeding Act of 1992
Republic Act No.
Special Protection of Children against Child
7610
Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination
Republic Act No.
An Act Integrating Drug Prevention and Control in
7624
the Intermediate Secondary Curricula as well as
in the Non-formal, Informal and Indigenous
Learning Systems and for other Purposes
Republic Act No.
An Act Prohibiting the Employment of Children
7658
Below 15 Years of Age in Public and Private
Undertakings
Republic Act No.
An Act to Lengthen the School Calendar from
7797
Two Hundred (200) Days to Not More Than Two
Hundred Twenty Class Days
Republic Act No.
And Act Amending Section 25 of Batas
7798
Pambansa Blg. 232, otherwise known as "The
Education Act of 1982"
Republic Act No.
An Act Requiring Compulsory Immunization
7846
against Hepatitis-B for Infants and Children Below
Eight (8) Years old
Republic Act No.
Fair and Equitable Access to Education Act
7880
Republic Act No.
Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995
8043
105
Republic Act No.
Youth in Nation-Building Act
8044
Republic Act No.
An Act for Salt Iodization Nationwide (ASIN)
8172
Republic Act No.
An Act Declaring Every Second Sunday of
8296
December
as
the
National
Children's
Broadcasting Day
Republic Act No.
Anti-Rape Law of 1997
8353
Republic Act No.
Family Courts Act of 1997
8369
Republic Act No.
Children's Television Act of 1997
8370
Republic Act No.
Domestic Adoption Act of 1998
8552
Republic Act No.
Comprehensive Drugs Act for 2002
9165
Republic Act No.
Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003
9208
Republic Act N. 9231 Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor and
Affording
Stronger Protection for the Working Child
Republic Act No.
Allowing Illegitimate Children to Use the Surname
9255
of their Father, Amending Article 176 of the
Family Code of the Philippines
Republic Act No.
Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children
9262
Act of 2004
Republic Act No.
An Act Establishing a Comprehensive Juvenile
9344
Justice and Welfare System, Creating the
Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council under the
Department of Justice, Appropriating Funds
therefore and for other purposes
106
Appendix E. Acronyms Used in the Study
AFPI: Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.
AWFP: Annual Work and Financial Plan
CFSPI: Child and Family Service Philippines, Inc.
Child 21: The Philippines Strategic Framework for Plan Development for
Children
CNSP: Child in Need of Special Protection.
CPCP: Comprehensive Programme on Child Protection.
CWC: Council for the Welfare of Children. Financed by the President's
Social Fund; is in charge of advocacy and mobilization,
mainstreaming sessions, and supporting operations by national and
local governments.
DILG: Department of Interior and Local Government.
DSWD: Department of Social Welfare and Development.
IRA – Internal Revenue Allotment; as mandated, a minimum of 1% of the
IRA of the barangay should be allocated for the BCPC.
LCPC: Local Council for the Protection of Children.
LCE: Local Chief Executive; The Punong barangay at the Barangay Local
Government Unit.
107
LGC: Local Government Code of 1991.
NPAC: National Plan of Action for Children
UN CRC: United Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child.
UNGASS: United Nations General Assembly on HIV/AIDS.
108
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Mr. Abraham P. Mang-usan is a native of
Bontoc, Mt. Province. He was born in December 20,
1974. He is presently residing at Acupan, Virac,
Itogon, Benguet.
He graduated in elementary with honors at Acupan Elementary
School, Acupan, Virac, Itogon, Benguet and finished his secondary
education at SLU-Laboratory High School, Baguio City in 1994.
He finished his degree in Bachelor of Science in Psychology at
Saint Louis University, Baguio City in March 2000.
He will be graduating in Master in Community Development at the
Benguet State University, Open University, La Trinidad, Benguet on April
29, 2010.
Abraham has been actively involved in community and church
organizations. He was the Secretary General of the Samahan ng
Kabataang Episkopal sa Pilipinas (SKEP), the national youth organization
of the Episcopal Church in the Philippines (ECP) from 2000 to 2003. He is
very grateful for his experiences as a youth leader because he finds these
very helpful in his career in community development.
109
He started working with Alouette Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.
in 2002 handling the Sponsorship Program and other related Programs of
the Foundation being implemented in some areas in northern Luzon. He is
at present the staff-in-charge of the Foundation in its branch office based
in Baguio.
Community development work has given him the opportunity to
become the Private Sector Representative of Mt. Province to the CAR-
Regional Development Council from 2005-2007.
He presently sits as one of the Board of Directors of the Cordillera
Network of Development NGOs and POs (CORDNET).
Table 6. Frequency of responses in each of the indicators of Level 1: Structural Level
FUNCTIONALITY INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
There is a barangay
resolution for the
establishment of the
6
5
10
1
18
0
1
16
14
0
12
0
BCPC.
Level 1:
There is a budget
Structural
allocation of 1% of
0
11
4
7
0
18
1
16
14
0
0
12
Level
the barangay IRA.
Sufficient
committees have
0
11
2
9
0
18
3
13
14
0
0
12
been established.
There is a child
rights advocate
7
4
11
0
18
0
6
10
14
0
12
0
represented.
4
3
Table 7. Consensus answers of respondents on the indicators of Level 1: Structural Level
FUNCTIONALITY INDICATORS
CAN-EO DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
LEVEL
There is a
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
barangay resolution
for the
establishment of
the BCPC.
Level 1:
There is a budget
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Structural
allocation of 1% of
Level
the barangay IRA.
Sufficient
N
N
N
N
Y
N
committees have
been established.
There is a child
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
rights advocate
represented.
4
6
Table 8. Frequency of responses in each of the indicators of Level 2: Organizational Level
FUNCTIONALITY
LEVEL
INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
The BCPC has an annual
work and financial plan.
0
11
7
4
0
18
0
17
12
2
12
0
The BCPC has a
situational analysis of
children in the barangay.
3
8
0
11
18
0
2
15
1
13
12
0
Level 2:
Organizational
The BCPC conducts
Level
regular meetings and
keeps records.
0
11
8
3
18
0
2
15
12
2
0
12
The BCPC supports
necessary child-related
legislation.
11
0
11
0
18
0
17
0
14
0
12
0
The BCPC provides child-
related skills trainings.
0
11
0
11
2
16
0
17
0
14
1
11
4
9
Table 9. Consensus answers of respondents on the indicators of Level 2: Organizational Level
FUNCTIONALITY
INDICATORS
CAN-EO DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
The BCPC has an
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
annual work and
financial plan.
The BCPC has a
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
situational analysis of
children in the
barangay.
Level 2:
The BCPC conducts
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Organizational
regular meetings and
Level
keeps records.
The BCPC supports
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
necessary child-related
legislation.
The BCPC provides
N
N
N
N
N
N
child-related skills
trainings.
5
2
Table10. Frequency of responses in each of the indicators of Level 3: Functional Level.
FUNCTIONALITY INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
The BCPC
implements work
0
11
10
1
18
0
0
17
14
0
12
0
plan.
The BCPC develops
Level 3:
diversion programs
Functional Level
and manages
0
11
3
8
3
15
1
16
3
11
0
12
diversion cases.
The BCPC prepares
and submit annual
accomplishment
1
10
2
9
0
18
0
17
14
0
12
0
reports to the LCPC.
Youth is actively
involved in the
activities of the
4
7
9
2
18
0
13
4
13
1
12
0
BCPC.
5
5
Table 11. Consensus answers of respondents on the indicators of Level 3: Functional Level.
FUNCTIONALITY
LEVEL
INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
The BCPC
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
implements work plan.
The BCPC develops
N
N
N
N
N
N
diversion programs
and manages
Level 3:
diversion cases.
Functional Level
The BCPC prepares
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
and submit annual
accomplishment
reports to the LCPC.
Youth is actively
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
involved in the
activities of the BCPC.
5
8
Table 12. Frequency of responses in each of the indicators of Level 4: Sustainability Level.
FUNCTIONALITY INDICATORS
CAN-EO DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
Yes No Yes No Yes No
Yes
No
Yes
No Yes
No
80% of the members are
not elected officials.
9
2
8
3
18
0
17
0
14
0
12
0
The BCPC partners with
external child-serving
0
organizations.
11
0
11
0
18
0
17
0
14
0
12
Level 4:
The BCPC is empowered
Sustainability
to do budget and resource
Level
advocacy.
0
11
4
7
0
18
0
18
0
14
0
12
The BCPC is represented
in the LCPC through the
Association of Barangay
Councils.
11
0
8
0
18
0
17
0
14
0
12
0
6
1
Table 13. Consensus answers of respondents on the indicators of Level 4: Sustainability Level
FUNCTIONALITY
INDICATORS
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEVEL
80% of the members are
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
not elected officials.
The BCPC partners with
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
external child-serving
Level 4:
organizations.
Sustainability
Level
The BCPC is
N
N
N
N
N
N
empowered to do
budget and resource
advocacy.
The BCPC is
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
represented in the LCPC
through the Association
of Barangay Councils.
6
3
Table 15. Awareness and support of community people and BCPC members
AWARENESS AND
CAN-EO DALICAN MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
SUPPORT TO THE BCPC
Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes No
1. Eighty (80) % of the
community members are
7
4
10
1
15
3
1
17
13
1
12
0
aware of the existence of the
BCPC.
2. The community members
are actively involved in the
7
4
9
2
17
1
1
17
13
1
12
0
activities of the BCPC.
3. The BCPC members are
actively involved in the affairs
6
5
11
0
10
0
15
3
14
0
12
0
of the Council.
6
9
Table 16. Consensus answers of respondents on the awareness and support to the BCPC
AWARENESS AND SUPPORT
CAN-EO
DALICAN MAINIT MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
TO THE BCPC
1. Eighty (80) % of the community
members are aware of the existence
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
of the BCPC.
2. The community members are
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
actively involved in the activities of the
BCPC.
3. The BCPC members are actively
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
involved in the affairs of the Council.
7
1
Table 17. Leadership in the BCPC
ON THE
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
LEADERSHIP IN
THE BCPC
Yes
No
Yes No Yes No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
1. Everyone in the
Council can freely
6
5
10
1
18
0
1
17
14
0
12
0
express his/her ideas
and views.
2. Policies, plans, and
budget are developed
4
7
10
1
15
3
3
15
11
3
12
0
in a participatory
process.
3. Members are
involved in decision-
6
5
11
0
18
0
2
16
14
0
12
0
making processes.
7
3
Table 18. Consensus answers of respondents on the leadership in the BCPC
ON THE LEADERSHIP IN
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
THE BCPC
1. Everyone in the Council can
freely express his/her ideas
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
and views.
2. Policies, plans, and budget
are developed in a
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
participatory process.
3. Members are involved in
decision-making processes.
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
7
5
Table 19. Work values and working relationship in the BCPC
WORK VALUES AND WORKING
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
RELATIONSHIPS
1. There is harmonious working
relationship between and among the
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
members of the BCPC.
2. BCPC members see their
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
membership in the Council as an
opportunity to extend service.
3. There is a sense of satisfaction for
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
being a member of the BCPC.
7
7
Table 20. Consensus answers of respondents on policies, plans, programs, and management
POLICIES, PLANS, PROGRAMS,
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG TUCOCAN SAMOKI
MANAGEMENT
1. There is a situational analysis on children in
the barangay as basis for policies and action
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
plan.
2. Annual Work and Financial Plan is
developed by the BCPC members and
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
submitted for inclusion in the Barangay
Development Plan.
3. Are there planned activities that were
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
implemented?
4. Is there an annual performance
N
N
N
N
Y
N
assessment conducted?
5. Is there an annual report submitted to the
Barangay Council for submission to the
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
MLGOO?
6. Is the Annual Report included in the State of
the Local Address (SOLA)?
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
7. Are there cases of child in need of special
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
protection (CNSP) managed by the BCPC?
8. CNSP cases are documented and
N
N
N
N
Y
N
compiled.
7
9
Table 22. Consensus response of respondents on the technical know-how of the BCPC
CAPABILITY BUILDING AND
CAN-EO
DALICAN
MAINIT
MALIGCONG
TUCOCAN
SAMOKI
TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW
1. Policies and plans of the BCPC
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
are properly documented and filed.
2. The facilitation of the BCPC
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
meetings is generally well organized.
3. The BCPC is capable and
N
N
N
N
N
N
conducts regular monitoring and
evaluation of its programs, projects,
and activities.
4. The BCPC provides child-related
N
N
N
N
N
Y
skills training.
8
2
Document Outline
- FUNCTIONALITY OF BARANGAY COUNCILSFOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDRENIN BONTOC, MOUNTAIN PROVINCE
- ABSTRACT
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- METHODOLOGY
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES
- BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
- TABLES