L'. ';'rC: ~~,·';,D 1 D.., '.J;" ,,'1' 13-210 ...
L'. ';'rC: ~~,·';,D 1 D.., '.J;" ,,'1' 13-210
PH::-LI.;i' lEES
i
Re:u~lic of tho Phili)~ines
MOUll'l'J,IN s'r_,'l"·-::,(~lUC1:rL'l''[J~:'LI, COLLlr~G3
Lei, ~Pr ini d,~~d, "Dl:hl:U 0 t
JJ· .. 210
Philij).Jines
,Tunc 10 ~ 1971
His Excellency
PreGidcnt F0rdinnnd E. Mnrcos
lb 1:.: C;,.rL'lDC
M c. n ~ 1 Q
S i r
Pursuant to S0ction 7 of Rvvublic hct 5923, I h~vo the
honor to submit herewith the First Annual Rc~ort
for
tb-;
H0U11t;::, in St;:. tc oJ;ricul tUX'D 1 CollcE;C cove rine
tho
scheel
yG,X"
1970-1971, settinG forth Qmonr; oi:lOrs, the.: condit;i'~n,
lJr'·~i.;ress CJ.nL~ Ykeds thereof.
V~ry t~u1y yours,
...
i i
PREFi.CE
This rGj)ort is the' Fni~~T ('.j'HW1.L 1;~;PO:R'I' of the Mr)unt~cin
St~tc lLGricultural Col10~e under its new St~tu8 ~s 2 8t~te
ch..'rtered institution.
This beinr; its first y;~·'.r (jf
0:...;12'"
ration, the College ~~S beset by l~ck of funds Gn~
qu~li
fied personnel to f i l l key positions in the new
orsnniza
tionstructu.re.
It c'Juld not, thGref~)re, comiJlctc its
r(:,·
or~~nizntion scheme durinc th0 ye~r under rep0rt,
Enti t l c d , n ,tPPOINfr!'lI~NT ';/I1'1l DESTINY, th<:: n; " ,rt
JcI'c
Gents ,'1 c:'.nc~icJ n;f·lc.ction of tho cO;H~iti·)n, :i.jr.·:r()~~S
.:'.nd
neods of the Callose.
In th~ years tn como, tho contonts of this re:art uill
b::..sicn..lly surv;:: r'.B s;,:rinc;:.v,r·lG fr·,:) \\:]hich the
;'(~r:linistr.e,.
tiOD, the faculty, the stUt""'1try, -:-mc1 thE.' .c-'-,')lic c:cn
:/:)t
thl2 Col18:"e movine: to'.'::ru il ';,osition nt l,,:':I' ~!ith
,-..lrc:'.2.y
1;1011-as t, 1)1 ishc(l s t" tz..: colIc;' "s ,tnd u.nivurs ities
in
i b3
mi:::wi'Jn to COL tribute thr(jllch llew ":;'i;lroi.:ch0S in the
;'~~;r,>
ccon')C1ic uevulr)],Jffi('nt -\\Ylc\\ rur.:<l soci,.J. :. 1'0: Tes",; of th,::
:l)O/)
)1e in t.hc Phili·,;·,·inef3 ..
P,RI' I of the; r"."port C()V"J:'S J~Dl'1=~ln:(~,'=:,.:cr:.'ICf; .'.~\\iD GBN:K'{[,L
SEitvICES with ~)riof GL.tcffiunts on the ra-orch'f ','I"::,rcss
of
the Cn 11 c r:(;, iC1i.) 1 e nJ(: n t:-~ t i en. () f the ch.~, rt '-: 1" ,
'.:)';>:' "i 2',i': t i (~J.l
prcJjjo,so.l fer 1971-1972" ::-r,:Llcms :,1'1,1 rc.:c,-~lli(:(;.;,>ti:.I15.
P.',l{T II ~)rc s0nts t.he re port c:~ thE: SEC~:,]l:J.. RY
jjI':r'. :..1. T
MEN'l"s orl:~':niz.~ti~Jl1r,l set-up ~'nll c' nditi~n, rn~jor ,ccofi,'-lis -
menta, ~ro~]Qms cncnunter0~" ~nd r~ C0rtlf'1cnd,:, t:l," ;rlS.
pr8j.Jt'_red by !f1'. JenjcoJi.lin :G Dirlt:..s, Pyincii;·:~l ~)f tb.~ .S\\. c~'nd."'
ry Deprer tr'H)n t.
P;';J1T III c1::;:;118 rm tl'k COLLEGE D;:::P:,IG'7,Z:' r i.;::i. th
')r:i,:, r
"-.ccnunts of its orr:,ni:6.,ti:;nCl,l. Sit U) .:.'.nd c"rL~iti ~r,
r:t~j r
.:"ccor,1~'lishmonts, l),rnblcm.s enco·'.ll1tercd, rOcO'f. _n2-.ti' _.5' stu
dies ,:mJ rcs'')'1rc):ks.
Im.:]v·:i,-,tuly fcl10"ir ~ -re
.':' _,l ..··ieos
on rc'solutirms n:';lrnvcd 1,y the C()l~.(;~~c- _0'" .,.! of Tl'lj,t>t. ,':.",
studiE:s uncl"rt:,kcn, -.:l'~ £i01(\\ le,1,c ..~·t~, y cY·,Krir.~!\\..rl:~,;
,1.~r.C
by te, c hni.c'll i.jri Cl~l_ t ur (' '''.nel fo O'~ to ell '-,'" 1 C.;,r f' t L~~: ,,)i t,s r"-' i,' c:,~
c,n!~ directed 1TJ t!1()ir iust:rnct(irs.
r,,~T III \\,r,S
l,r,:;:, ·.r,;'~
1)y IV!:r. Nicow,"dc3 fl.• ,.li;·it, Ho",1 nf th.' Gol h,', D':,''. t'. ,'1.t.
i:d.
Fin2J.. l~r ... L1..11'r I\\r of the r ...":)ort 1..:Y"~~:·.~~·~~1tS tl:'l0 f1).J_1 'C,-,'At
of liepublic dCL; Nt). 5923, Clvrtc-r cf th,) l'bunl>ir: ,St'[:e t<~
riculturnl Call~~u.
The cContent of thi5 rc:-ort is 0xpectGcl tc)
stii",11J.l··.b:l
Crf'JUp thinkini;'-mcl "c tLm 0n the -i),--:'J't ()f th~ L\\cult;y
c:_nc~
crnIJloyces of the Col1w:c in the solution of ~)r~',J.Gm.s -,_'hich
require the concerted efforts of nut only th0 sC~~Gl
Gdmi
nistr--:.tion but '11s'.) the ,-,nei re conG tituoncy 0 f the Cc 11"'(',0 ~
iv
T:',DLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS
PilGE
LETTER liF TRf,NSHI'l"i'!,L
.... i
...... l'
......
• • • • • • • o •••• ~o." •• 4t.
P R E F I l C E
l i I n l l l " ,
1)<
•
.,.• • • •'
.
i i
Tf,jjLE OF CONTENTS
II.
c • •
. . . . . f! '4 • • • • • • •
v~.lit . • •· • • • • •
t • •
iv
Q
STRUCTUIU\\.L CH;',TIT 0'" ~
•
.. ....
viii
• ~
_
~. '.
' • • •
P,',HT I -
J,mUNI,ST1L.TJON & GEiT8BI,L
SEINICES
M;',RCH OF PHOGRESS ~ ••• "... .. •••• ~ '.• ~...
o'
-
, • .It·
1
Corpor~te DeginninGs ~.
• •••
•••••• .••••••
2
Mission to flccom;}lish
• • • • •••..•••• ! 11.0
3
New Programs, New hppronchG~ ••. ,ooL .~"."".,
3
IHPLEJ'mNT1,TION & OnG/,NIZJ\\TICN PHOPOS;"L Fon 1970-197.2 0"
4
College Council
•••••••••••••••••••••
'"
5
Do~rd Secret~riut •••• ~ •••.~~.~ •••
6
0
• • 4
• • • • •
~dministr~tiv8 ~ffnirs of the Col10S0.
' 0 '
7
pr,;o:'n,EHS & RECOHMEI'iD,',TIONS ~9' ••• "" ., ••
•
7
The hdminiGtr~tive Saction-; •••• · ••
.»& • • IlP ....
• • • ~
7
Tl18 ~ccountinG
...
Section
t
8
'
ThE: Cash & Disbursifig Suction •••• ~ •••
.....
9
The Property & Supply Section ••••
9
Tho TIocords
.,ctic)n • • • • • • • • • • • • ~.~ • •
9
The Security ~ection
••••••••••••••••••
I
9
The ~uditinr,
.....
Sect~~n
••
c
t '
.T
Tht:: Lil)r':1r;l Sccti'jn. I
• • •
".~
10
(9
.
The Medic~l Services Section
••• ~~ •••••••
• •
10
'.lhe Gui(~[lncc Services S,'ction
.
• •••••
11
P;,TIT II
SECOND ,BY DEPt,HTNENT
INTTIODUCTION
... ••
• '!
» •
,...
•
12
ORGMHZ:.'I'IONf,L SET..,UP ,\\ND CONDITION •
...
13
..
.
!nstruct i.on ••• '." • • ••• •• ~.
. "
13
Curricula ••••• ,.
••
13
Registration •
, • I'"
.11'• • • •
13
Age and Physical Requircments~•••
13
v
Schol,~:·~;:/c.ic 1"fc'1U.ir0f:12nts 0" •• -.".·0.:•••• 0,..,
13
OricnJe':.ti,m or Field 'l'ry-Out :euri',(} • q •• ~'
14
En~GJ.lment.• ~o.~.~e
.~.~.~.G ... a •• ~~.
15
TG~chGrs' Assi~nrncnts ••••
1'7
0
o • • • i~Q.~ • • • •
~(01 r', t (; d Sub j () c t ,S To:: C hers
•• ~ '~ • ~ '" '
17
,0 •
, .
Voc-,tinnC\\l DOpClrtmcnt To"cheTs' '.'.'•• ~
,•••
17
C12~s21room
-18
In.structi~-'ns ;J.:t ••• ' ••• ~ •• b.clI;"ie •• ~~.'••
L~ngunpe D~pnrtmGnt ••••••••••• 8.0~~~...
..
18
M~them~tics & Physics Dopurtmont •••••••••• ~
19
~';
•
a
N,-"tur:tl Scicncc;s .~I
';d.4t.~.O •• '~'
20
Soci~l
...
Sciences •• 8.~
22
• • '
• • O • •
~ ••••• o~~.q
Vocntion~l Depnrtmcnt ••••.••• Q.~.~~ •.. P~ •••
23
Voce tionnl .!1.r;ricul tt.1.re •••.•••••• s
.
23
ILgricul tUl'"'[ll HOI(j0Tnnking •••••••••
• •••'
2 l}
F
24'
C1.. rm }1 f! C h:J. n i c s
• c • • ~ ....
~
0
•
•
• •
•
• • • • • ~." • • •
Prepnr~tory
' 4
2.
:',.'
Mi1itQry Tr~inin8 ••••••••••••••
M.J~JOn ACCOf'PLISHHENTS •••'....... • •••••• ~
..
,25
Grndu~tcs .ov ••••••• ~. ~d
,45
• • • • O
• • •
• • • • • • • •
_ .
l'
Preparatory Military Training
•••• ~ ••••••
25,
Cnn(li(l~ltGS
~'
for Gr~duntion ~ ••••••••••• ~*
2 .".'
Production Incon1C' .0
25
i t .
~ ..... " • It •• II
•
f!o$ • • • • •
Prize for Most Productiv~ Student Formers ••••••
26
..
2,8
}:'.,
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTLR~D
• • Itt •
RECO!'-i['lEND, .1'IONS
30
PII1:;T' III -
COLLEGE DE:Fi,.f<',rt1}'~NT
onG' "'IZi,TIOi\\JJ"L SET-UP um COl'rDl'I'ION
'....
.~.',••
33
OrC;G.niz[~tiCJn~l Set-Up
'.
• .......
33
Collep.:e Entr.""1l1ce EX;irnin(:t i on.· ....-••
34
0
*
1Il!.
(2
•
Collc8e ~nrollmcn·t ••••••• *.
•
3~'
Collc.:t:;& Dro::outs
. . . s • • • • • •
III"'
..
35
Co118~e Gr~rtuntes
• • • •
.
35
Pl~comunt .Q~.04.~'.p
36
• • O .
•
•
• ~~ • • 4 • •
~ •••
Faculty ~(~s0~rch-Extensi('n C0mM~~tee .~ ••••••••
36
Office of t118 rtc;;istr;"..x' ."lIf...
•...... ';
•
37
1I.cc()m~'lishmonts
• • ••
37
0
• •
•
•
. : "
! ~
HhJOR !\\.CCOf1PLISHHENT:,
••••• "
..... ".. ••
39
Construct inns 0..
.~~
...
.~.I
39
FnGulty Develo))r1<.;nt ••• "" ~........
•
III
CGnforrin~ of Dogrees 8l :,vr,n1inc; of Dir}(,:)!n'~i,5
•
42
vi
PRonI,ENS EN COUNTEPED ••••• •.••• •••• ;. •• • • • •• • •• ••• ••••
43
RECOMMEND .TIONS .o.~
46
• • • ~ • • • • • • • • • ~ • • • • • • OOQ • • • • oOG.
Or~~niz~tion ~nd Stnffins NeGds 0 ••• 0.0 ••••••••
46
A~pointment of Sub-Dcp~rtm0nt He~ds ••••••••
46
Needs for New Instructors ••••••••••••••••
47
Resco.rch-Ext·ons ion CO'rrrmi ttee •••••••••••••••
47
F.:'\\culty: I,o;'.d, In·-,sel'vicc Educ.,tion,
Develc;.)ment, g~ }1,..~rit()Cr2cy ••••.••••
47
0'0' • • • •
Duilc1inr~s • a.
. . . . 0
• • lit.,
• • • • • • • •
49
0
. . .
0
• • • • • • • ' . 0 • • • 0.151
Pre-F.:-:.~b I~uildinGs
"... • •• •• 0
.
lr9
G
DUildin(;s Ur~cntly Nocded ••••••••
~.RO
& • •
• • • •
49
Lr..bor~,toTY <.lncI/or Fic;lr', Ij1structir.n F:....ciLi.:tics.
50
Admissi0n i~c~uircmcuts ••••• ••••• OG • • . • ~o
O
•••
52
Pl~cement Services •••• 0 •••••••••••••••••••••••
53
Informntion MeJil':l ••••' 0.0.0. a 0-••• • ~~ 0 .,.'. _ •• , ~ 1& tit ••
53
M3inten~ncc ~f the Clo~nliness of nuildin~s
[lnd Rn ..;rns e. •••••••.•.* 00 0 ••••• _.41 .... 8 ....1) ..... -.,. ••••••
53
Lacitim:'.tc RC:Jl·'.cemeiYt's· 'of Collcg(' Plr,nts
o.nd Student DWt1:-:tti'crlS 'of L0.nd13c-<~-,)e·
Improvemonts ••• 0...
. ..•... ~~.0 •••••
Sizu of Cl0..58'C·S· ...
.1" •. It • • • • • • 8_ • • •
Two Clerks for th0 ColleGo DQD~rtMcnt Offic~
Crc)sS-T{:"1Ching •• ~.
.o.~ •.. ~It •••• ~.a ... '._
Supervision of S,'tud'cnt· ~:e:,d1'in'.;
• •• ~..
•
DCtccnl::turefltc D'c-c;roee' OP"'r·oG·rr~rn's'
... '" LIIl~. -....' •••••
M::lstc ral PrO[r2mS • • • •
••
..•.••
Fr.. cuI ty o.no StlAth;·n·'b H~n<1 boo'ks
59
STUDIES fi.ND }1~S::'.RCHES
.
•··•·•·•• ~·•• ·•••••• '.. ~II·.· ••
Need for Res0~rch ~....
~~
••••••
&~ ••
Rcse~rch Propos~ls for hSBist~nc~' ••••••••• ~ ••
Jcsc,....rch i.iritc-·Ups • •
.
• •••
.
APPENDIX Ii -
Hesolutions ;'pprove.:l' by th0 f';;';;\\G i',(y-y-('
of Trust2es (/lpril 20) 1970 - Fcl)ru~ry :n',
1971) ... oa.$" ..... O·jfl· ••- ••.•••••
..
APPENDIX D -
Pl;:.cc:mr.:nt of the Gr.clu.'.ti>s of t;1C
V()c::.tiono.l Te;:'ch",T E(1uc~.ti()n P1YJi"r".Tn of M3:,C,
1958-1970 (N·ic/)med·es I,·.;',li2'it, .sr.) ..... "
.
75
hPVENDIX C -
Control of Dinm)nd Dock Moth, Plut~lln
Hnculi pGnnis, of Uon[-",bolc (ChinoGE:' C~~.:.!);;f,~j"r"rn
L;"'frinid;~'[; :~,,;n;;u(; t' Prnv inee UUe j:'. n,lro D.
C::.s t ro) •
~
I)
•
0
•
0
• •
• • 0
•
.0
• • • 0
• • • • 0
•
Wi •
,. • • • •
90
•
vii
APVENDIX D -
Eff'_'ct of DifL:rcnt Kin0.[; of F:__ r t i l i
zcr o~i the Growth of On:l"llS (Er'-",_, rd IHCh",ilJ ••••
97
.'cP','ENDIX E -
Control of Puchc-,y P"st::; (Nic,-"-'<.!c"i«3
Do /.. li~~}it, Jr.) .e •• •• Ill.(t(ll
Of).~~ QC'~07JIOIl"Oei'..
iJ
• • • •
..
101
APPENDI): F -
/. Cr::·m-i)nr.,ti v(; Study on 'l'rJo ·Inf:;0ctici'.~os
for the Control r,f Pcchny Vlorm (',filli ...... m !'''11)Cl1,~,
L' Luis ~:I\\~.3\\:''l(:ng) ." ...... " •••••• "0"'.0 •••••• 00 •• '.>('11:
105
I,PPEN0IX G -
:1 fltuuy on the, Util:i./~n.tic::1 of Di lis
Flnllr (L[~ur;:. .i..... jl. [j": yo.rn) .0.0 •• .,. ••• 0.,.. 0" .... ~ .. • •••
le8
hPPENDIX H -
Utilizntinn of ?ir:,c on Pc::: Flour
(Er1ind:'., S. S\\mido)
• • o
122
'iI.a • • o o
.
AP"-'BNDIX I -
Crmtrol of Discolor,..... t:i.on in Dried
P,-,rs immon (.Tose.l)}; '.ne 'i/o Tihnnc;) .0 .. 0.0.0.......
129
hPI~EI'DIX J - Substituti(;n of i'T'.r-itr:;'-T for G'!l_~lt:i.n
in Gc.'l.:',tin j((;Ci:'-IC8 (FJlicil[-,d C. S~:L~('-,;n) •• .,....
133
APP}~NDIX K - Th;.' Perforrn("..nco of Diff·-'l',mt JJr,mrls ()f
I-L-'..rcl \\}rlO:,t Flour in Pe'.n De St1.1 (Hil-~ri,:" Dc:,ct)
lJ'i5
P i,:n IV -
'rIE COLLEGE CrL',iiTE:~(
Tuxt of
Ii . , . . . g.
'" •
G
• • Cl
15.3
•
"
".
00000
1
ANNUAL REPORT
1970-1971
MOUN'l'A IN STATE AGRICUL'l'URAL COLLEGE
PART I~
ADHINISTRATION AND GENERAL SERVICES
March of Progress
The Mountain State Agricultural College attained adult
hood as a deGree-granting institution on April 20, 1970.
Established in 1916 as an elementary farm school known
as Trinidad Farm School,
it has gone th"ouU;h several stages
of
metamorphoses during
its fifty-four
ye~rs of history
and ~rown in stature to become one of the country's leading
institution
for the training of farmers and teachers
of
agricultu)~e and homernaking.
In
keeping w:i..th its
growth
and progress i-. agricul
tural education its original name, Trinidad Farm School,was
changed to Trinidad Agricultural School in 1945.
In
June,
1951, the schoel wns natioualized and renamed Trinidad
Na
tional Agricultural School.
In
October of the
samo
year
its D2.me v-.:as 8.c.a'LD
changed to Mountclin Nat iODal Agri cul tu-
ComfoY~atly with its curricular gro0th which gr~duo11y
,sbiptcd
e;,,:)nC',sis frorn the
scconcl'-ry vocr'.tional. cours<:;s to
the
tc~cher tr~ining progr2rns~
th~ name ~ns changed ag~ln
to Mountain Agricultural Colle~c in 1961.
2
Finally, in 1969, R. A. 5923 converted the College
into
a state chartered institution and ~ave it a new name: MOUNTAIN
STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.
tnder
this law
the College
is
authorized to offer graduate courses leading to the
dee;rees
of Master of Science
in Agricultural Education,
Master
of
Science in Home Technology,
and Master of Science in
culture,
in addition to its present
baccalaure~te
degree
programs
in agricultural education,
agricultural homemaking
and technical agriculture.
££rporate Be~innings
The government and administration of this
College
and
the
exercise of its corporate powsrs are vested in the Board
of Trustees
in accordance with Section 13 of Act
No.
as amended, and Section 5 of R. A. 5923.
The
Colleg0
Board
of Trustees
is composed of the Secretary
of Education
as
ex-officio Chairman,
tho Chairman
of the Senate Committee on
Education' the Chairman of the House Committee on
Education,
the President of the Collego, the Director of Vocational Edu
c~tion, the Director of Public Schools,
and the President of
the Mountain Stnte Agriculturnl ColleGe
Alumni
Association,
p.s members'.
For the
purpose of establiBhin~ the corpor~te
stmtus
of the College pursuant to Section 4 of R. A. 5923, the Bo~rrl
of Trustees was;formally constitutod on April 20, 1970 by Ro
solution No.
1, s. 1970 of the J3op..rd.
At this, S,'1.1;1(: L'leeting,
3
The Board approved Resolution No.6, s. 1970, dosignating Superin
tendent Pedro A. Ventura
as Officer-in-Charge of
the
College
pading the appointment of a permanent College President
by
President
of the Philippines.
On May 25, 1970,
the Board of Trustees~
nursuant to Section
4 of the College Charter, unanimously nominated Dr. Bruno M. Santos
for
the position of President of tho Colle~e.
On
. October
22:
1970,
the latter took his oath and assumed office. On March 10,
1971, the Commission on Appointments confirmed the appoint~ent of
Dr. Santos as Pre3idant
of the Mountain St~te Agricultural Col]~~~.
Ni~s).on,...!:~ccomplish
Signific~ntly~ the Mountain
State
Agricultural College
bc
cawe a corporate institution at the beginning of ~ turbulont d'Qudo.
Whether by
coincidence,
fate or design,
the College has finally
matured Ilnd Given wide latitude to
meet he·".d on the mallY
Cicio
economic
challenges of regional and national develop!!Jent~
The
College is committed to the tack of bringing about econooic
pros
perity ond
social progress 1n the rural arens of the
region par
ticularly for the agricultural sector
of the populntion.
New Progrill1"lS, New Appro,,~ches
The College recognizes that the educational programs
of
the
country
as 2. whole hPlS been
seriously off-key, irrelevant
and
unrQsponsive to the needs of the
notion for economic
growth.
Bece,u.sc
of its concern it h0.8 S L~rt8d innovn ting
its
programs and methods of instruction during year under
report.
4
The innov~tions introduced are prcdic~ted on the belief
thn t voc:::. tionE1.l agficul tul'e instruct ion, end tc:' chcr
educa'":'
tion for that matt~r,
is effective,
in
the
occupational
sense,
unless i t Cnn be d8nonstr~ted in practice
thClt
scientific
f~rming is indeed a profit~ble OccupCltion.
To
be able to do this the College believes that all its
Clgri-.;
cultural projects
must be in commercial
or at least
semi-
commercial sCAle so th~t the profits from f~rming
cnter
prises can be shown to students in actual cAsh and
not
in
theoreticnl fi~ures.
It is Also the consensus of the faculty that agricultu
ral instruction shculd not
be limited to tho production and
marketing of directly consumable products.
It mU8t
include
tr~ining on the processin~, pr8scrvntion,
of these products and the utilization of form bY-JToducts.
In short training and instruction in agriculture
!"lust
bo
c~rried
beyond the traditional
l:mit prescribed by
exist
ing policy
and pr~'cticc in order to
give due attc~tiGn
to
the
industrializing; aspects of rUT,-l :J.~ricultur(~ ("'.. ncl provido
~ctual industry-training nnd experience to students.
The ul
timnte goal being the eGtc.~blif)hment by thE:; gr:tcLuCltCG of agrl
cultural industries of respectable 0agnitude in the
rural
C:Y'€l.s.
Implement;::: ti~)1'1 and Oru,niz,-,ti or.
orosal for 1971-1972
:".'
Along this line tho College
is makinG prcp~rqtion6 for
the expansion of the animal and crop production projects
to
5
co~mercial scnle beginning with school year 1971-1972.
To carry out these plnns effectively the College staff
will be reorganized in accordance with tho organization
hcort on pase vi of this report.
During
the
school ye~r
under report,
the
College
operated under the pre-ch~rter organization structure
in
view of budgetary limitntions.
For 1971-1972 school
year)
howev.er~ the new erganization set-up will be iMplemented.
College Council
To help the College President in the prescription
of
curricula
and rules of discipline,
SUbject to the approvnl
by the Bo~rd of Trustees,
the College Council was consti~
tuted pursuant to Section 8 of tho Collage Charter
R. A.
5923. Xhe Collage Council of the Mountain Stnte Agricultu
rnl Col12ge b~gnn functioning on Janu~ry 16, 1971 when
Dr.
-1-'
Bruno M. SantoG}
College Presid~nt)
convoked
vne
sn.id
Council.
From this date on) the Council has had five
r~cctingl3
called by the Presid8nt of the
College.
A~ong
the
mC1ny
important mel tter.s tn.ken up by the Collc l~(~ Cour..c i:i
durins
its
meetings
wure the following:
1. Setting of the per.sp(?ctivc (If the Collc(J:('
for
the
next
few yC"',rs;
2. Reports of MSAC deleg~tes to the ACAP Conference at
Xavier
University, ,C<tgnynn de Oro;
6
3. Apl~rovD.l of proposed org.:<.nizational ch;:.rt
of
the
College;
4. Approval of certain proposals for tha amendment of
the College Ch~rter;
5. Formulntiori of certain criteria for the proposed M8
rit Promotion Plan;
6~ Apportioning of certain scholarships under the
Fa
culty Developnent Progrnm;
J~ • ,- .....1"
7. Discussion on the pnrticipation of MSAC in the Town
Fiesta on M~rch 18-19' 1971;
8. Screening and approval of candidates for Graduation
for the
school yonI' 1970-1971;
9. Section und approval of guest spe~kers for the
Com~
mcncement
Exercises;
109 Selc:ction nnd designation of instructors
nnd
teachers
for the 1971 summer classes.
Board Secretariat
During th~ firot meeting of the Bo~rd of TrustLcs
of
the Mount~in State Agricultural Callose on October 13, 1970,
Mr. IIortencio E. Patrlcsil,
CollL'Ce RcGistrn.r of
HSf,C,
wns
designated
QS Acting
Board Socrot~ry pursuant
to
Boo.rd
Resolution No.2, s. 1970.
With
the
halp
of
Mr.
Ln~Qnn
T. B~tcngQn,
Administrntiv~
nssist~nt I of this
Ccl1ege,
Mr. Pat~csil h~d been
nctlDg as sccrut~ry to the Bcnrd
up
to third ffi8eting of the Bn~rd on October 13, 1970.
7
In the fourth neeting, however, Mr. Law~n0 T.
B~tc0Gon~
Adminis trp'. t i ve Assist2.nt I,
0ctcd ''IS the BQnrd Secret::Lry due
to the
in~bility of Mr~ PRtocsil
to perform
the work
of
Bo~rd Secretory bec0use of the pressure of his work 0S College
ReBistrRr, especinlly nt the close of the school ye~r.
Effective Jnnuary 1, 1971,
Mr. Romulo Q. hpolonio)
a
Secondary School T0~chcr
in this Collego, w~s app0inted
as
College Socrctnry I.
Pursuant to Section 11 of
the
College
Charturl
R. A. 5923,
he is also the Board Secretary.
Administr.,~ive A:f.~,s.irs of the Coller;,
This instit tion just enderl
its first ye,r of opcrntion
OS fl chnrtorod college by aper~tion of Republic Act
No. 5923
approved on June 21, 1969, nnd i~p1cment8d on April 20, 1970.
As in the case of other Stnte Colleges ond Universities,
th(; r:m j or problcD thrl t beset the nCf-,inis trt,-t ion of the College
w~s the shortage of funds.
The administrative
services
0re h0ndled by n
skeletol
.
+
force distributerl
ln~o ten 5ections~
the Accounting
Section;
he Admini8t~~tive Section;
tho AuditinG fection;
the Ca.sh <~nd Disbun;ing S,:ctionj
the Records Section;
the
Security Section;
the; St~~)ply an(l Property Section j
the Li b-
retry S,-,ction;
the Medic'll. Scrvicu; Suction; "nd th,_; Guid:tl1CL
ServicC"s Section.
Problems
,
The Ad~inistrntivo Suction. -
The bulk
of the work
shouldured by the fta~inistr~tivo Officer.
Aside
from
his
8
duties as prescribed
by the qURlific0tion st~ndard issued by
the Civil Service Commission, the Adrninistr~tive Officer took
over
thG duties of
the Personnel Officer,
Legel
Officer~
BUdget Officer~
~nd Liais~n Officer of the College.
He
is
assisted
by a clerk who Rcts as G. nJC1.ck of a.ll tr.<\\des. ll
The situ~tion so demands th~t the positions of Personnel
Offic0r~
and Legal Officer be created Rnd thnt the positions
of BudgGt Officer, and Li2ison Officer be filled up soon
to
relieve
the Administrative Officer fro~ the burden
entniled
by the ~bove-mentianed positions~
!he J\\ccoyntinp; Se.ction. -
The sllddtJn Dnd untimely
clE:,"~tl1
r.···
of the Accountant
l~Gt yo,r brought About
the brunt of
the
accounting work on the shoulders
of the Accounting Clerk, who
wus rucently pronated to the position of Bookkeeper I.
This
section is the
~ost und~rm3nned in the entir~ set-up of the
administrative depC1.rtMent of the colleGe.
The dutties of the Accountant, Budg8t Officer, f\\ccountin~
ClGrk, and Clork-!ypist Dre performed by the Bookkcep8r
He
g
~lso processes all vouchers and l~b~r-p~yrolls before submis
sion
to the
Auditing Section.
The rapidly increasing volume
of work
considering
the
Collego's crash prorram
~s envisioned by the President
of
the College lc,l.vOG the Bookkeeper cren.tly
h:\\ndic:l.pped. To re
lieve the Bookkeeper of ouch of the work not otherwi6~ his du
ty to ~crlorm the ~dministrntinn is lookinG for qU0lified ap
plicants to fill up the positions ~f Account~nt I
nnd
Budret
Officer I.
9
The C0sh & Disbursin~ Section. - This section is ch~rged
with the sole responsibility of collection and
disburseMent.
It is a one-man Section honded by the Cashier.
Like the
Ac
counting Section, this office is also undermanned. The 0xist
ing vncant position of Cashier-Clerk however,
be
filled at the becinning of
school ye~r 19712 to lighten the
work
lond of the Cnahier.
!h~ Property & Supply Section. - With the recont filling
u, of the position of Buyer,
the Supply
Office
can
now
cope with the incr0~sinG volume of ~ark of this S~ction.
The
Supply Cf[ic~r, torethor with the Buyer,
is
;:lsE>isted by
.hcnitor-Clerk.
;\\ SGp0_r~ tc buildinrj for this Section
cnvision,;d
to
be
constructed next schaal yen.r~
For the present
supplies
and
pr')):'E:rties o.re
stored in the Administr<1tiQn bui1ding*
rc c!)rds o.nd dO(;l.,mcnts,
is ;'.i3siCD0d to the Records
Sect': on
which has functioned
smoc thly ;).nd efficiently despite
the
lack of sufficiont f~cilities.
Records are
fi12d and indexed and all important documents nnd
records
from loss and destruction.
of
n
Senior Security aunr~J
three Seourity Guards,
one D~tchmnn,
~nd one Forest Gu~rd.
The need for ~rmin~ these
Security
Gu~rd6 with fire~rQs ~nd ammunition is n Must in
. .
tl '
thoy c:~n 1j,2l1 Cx(;cute their duties cfflclcn
y.
For this pur
10
PQ~Q cono v hoa been appropriated and thnt permission to pur
ch,.:se arms nlre,:\\dy se curc:d from tho PC,
So fo.r
no
:..i.;owurd
incidents happened on the College compusu
It is
notuwrJrthy
to mention that despite the handicap
. 1":'~ t·...,
-; -.\\
ccuri::ty
GUD.rds .
•
} ,n
.3 .
.
- -~ -. .....
taken
The Audit~E.g Soc,ti.2..110 -- AlthouGh this Section falls
di
rectly under the supervision of the General Auditing Office,
which
lS an independent office,
suffico it to mention here
that the need to fill the position of AUditing Examiner should
be made so as to give assistance to tho Auditor in copinp,
tA
the incrcnsinc volume of ~o~~ of s~id Section.
student assistants paid on the ~OUy basis.
There
is
need
to strencth~n the perGonnel with an udctition of
two
lib
rarians who will
tRke ch~rge
of the nish schnol
librery
section o.nd the oth..::y to tnke c:'.r'(O; of t11<J coller",i ;'It-.: libro.ry
section.
Books were p' rchased within tho limits
of
resources allowed
by
the
approved
bud8et.
one Examining Physician
and one Public He~lth Nurse,
this
section needs to bo strengthened with tho Rppoihtment of
coller,c dentist"
The pUrCh8.5e 0f .'101'0 clinic"!.l equiprlent,
instruments, ,~'ld rlc)(~icCll su~')p~iCb is the rrJain prr:bleli1 faced
by this ,soctinn o
11
one Guid2nce Coordinator whn is uBsisteJ by homeroom orcantzR
tion advisers of both the socondo.ry £l.nd collegiate
dep:'rtrwnts
of the Collego.
Presently, the Guidnncc nnd Counselling Clinic
is not yc:t assigned to D. pc:rm.'J.nent room on account of lack
of
rooms durinc the yenrn
In order to normalize
the work lORd of colleGe
personnel
and make operatiohs more effective and efficient,
it is
the
plan of the College
Administr~tion to fill existinG
vacant
positions and recommend to the BORrd of ~rustees the crc~tion of
additionnl key and minor positions neccs5~ry in order
for
the
Colle~e to complete its personnel orsanization COMponents
and
be
abl~ to carry out its proGram effectively.
12
PI,RT II.
SECONDiiRY DBPl\\.RTNENT
110
INTRODUCTION
In his State-of-,the N"tion nddrcss) President }brc",s snid:
"Philippine Education must incrc~rtsinp;ly br:)come an
effective
instrument
of n0tion~1 development.
Our Educ<:J.tion~l
system
must be relevnnt and responsive
to the changing times.
Every
Filipin c' mus t bu p;i ven the opportunity
to acquire b,~sic skills)
q~alities Dnd attitudes that would enable him to contribute
to
the ir~provement of our soc iety."
The Secretary of Educuti0h)
Honerable
Juan Manuel) men
tioned in his keynote address durinc the FIRST UNESCO
~bbile
Mission Team Intensive In-Se:r.vice Refresher Traininp; Course
in
Vocational Agriculture
th3t in Pr8sident Marcos' Stato-of-the
Nation ,GGstlGe, he underscored two thinrs: (1) e(1uc c,tinn shnuld
bo relevant and r~sponse to the people's needs) und
(2) edrcn
ti~n should enc0ur~~e ev~ry Filipino to contribut8
to
tll.~
nntinnal ~~vclopment.
With the conversion of this collcl:~ into a st,1.te institu
it is l1,)PC (1 thil t the two thing:,:, undcl'scorod
t<?kcn in 011 suriousniJs[; S0 that th<.: Sucond'\\ry Del),rtmcnt
of
the
HountE'.in St" tc l,r;ricu} turctl C011cC" will continue te)
turn
out fradu,t~s ~l1n will bu c~ntributins t. the development
of
the N:'.ticn.
13
This report covers tIw hirrhlights of the accc!"!Jplishments
of the Secondnry Department of the' Mcuntnin Stnte Agricultural
C011e~e f8T School Yenr 1970-1971.
B.
ORG,'cNIZ.',TIONJiL SET-UP l\\ND CONDI'rrON
Instruction
Curricula. -
The Colle~e offers two secnndnry vocational
programs:
(1) Vccational Agriculture for boys and
(2) Agri
oultural Homem~kinG for Cirls.
B.8r,;istr~')tiono - Amonr; tho rcquin'm,~'1ts
that students
should meet in the S0cond'-~ry Dopnrtrwnt of the; Collego nrc ·J.S
folLows:
either froD the Public or duly rccofnized Privnte schools who
may seek enrolment to this colle~e must be at lenst 12
yenrs
old and of good physicnl condition ns certified by the
col
lege physici~n or Rny government physici~n in the loc~lity.
(2) ScholRstic Requirymonts. -
The first ye~r ~pplicRnts
must tRVC at lenst 80%,
or higher nver~Ge rntin~
In
work
educ:,.ticu, and without any f:, iluT<:;' in 8.ny subject In Gr~1dc VI
or Grade VII.
P~efercnce is, however, given to those having
enroll without ~rGGe~tin~ bia!h~r B.P.S. form 138 or Stud~nt's
Rcport C.:-;ru.
- -
- -
- -
- - -
13
This report covers the hj[hlighta of the acc.mplishments
of the SGcond~ry Dopartme t of the Mauntnin St~tc Agricultural
C~llere for School Ye~? 1970-1971*
B.
ORGf\\NIZ:.TIONf',L SET-UP /,ND CONDITION
Instruction
;o.-_"~
_
Curricula. -
The Collees of§ers two secnndnry vncational
procrnms:
(1) Vcc~ti0nal Agriculture for boys and
(2) A~ri-
cultural HomeQakinc for Cirls.
that students
should meet in the Secondnry Dcpnrtnent of the College arc as
foLLows:
(1) ARe and Physic£l Requirenent. -
IntcrrnQdi~tG sradu~tus
either fron the Public or duly rccopnizcd Priv~te schools who
may seek enrolment to this colle~o must bo at 18~ct 12
YC0rs
old and of good physicnl condition ~s certified by the
col
le~e physician or any Rovernment physician in the loc~lity.
year L"tpplicRn ts
must hnve at lenst 80%~
or higher av~r~~e ratinG
in
work
eouc·,tion, ;WlJ. without any f·:ilurl.' in [lny subject In Grn.dc VI
or Gr.:-tc.le VITo
P;l"Jefervnce is, however, given to thosu
hc..vine
-
-
J1lk:
(3) Oricntntion or Field Try-Out Period. - Every Gpplicunt
for enrollment is required to undergo aricnt~tion or
try-L ut
for 0 period of two weeks, to determine hia/her
backgrot:.!ld
experiences
in and attitude towards farming, .and interest
and
aptitude in field activities
before takinc the
int811if~ence
test.
The purpose of the try-out and intelliGence tests is
to
avoid unnecessary
drop-outs due to misfits or wrone chnice
of
courses
in the
s0condary curriculum.
Orientation p~riod becan nn May 15, 1970.
In
reportinG
fcr the field
try-out Gnd orient~tinn peri ed,
students
were
required tG present thGir B.P.S. Form 138 or its ~quivnlent and
provide themselves with the necess~ry tonls GDrt materials needed
durinG the two-week period) such ns sickles, baloes, Grub hoes,
hnts, ~orking clnthes, blankets) mosquito nets, food supplies,
etca'
All fnculty members were roquired to report for duty
on
uuly 6 to help register) organize nnd conduct orientation clas
ses aside from preparntion of course outlines)
udio~viaual
aids!
teQching aids)
action program of work,
and prepara--:
tion of the classrooms.
All members of the faculty
and
per
sonnel with the students registering wore r8quired to
medical and physical check-up at the Cnlle~G Clinic on July 6-10.
CIGsses formnlly npened on July 13 with
oricnt:ctioD
proGrams
for the
HiGh School nnd
Coilileco Students.
With the adjustment
made due
to the fnrmnl opening
of
classes on
July 13, inst~ad ~f July 6, the 1970 Colle~e Calen
15
dar was ~repared 40 weeks for the Bhnl~ schoo! yar, excludins
the Christmas
and the Lone SU0Mer
Vacation.
Enrollment. - The enrollment period for All students boys
nnd [;irls, r,GS on July 6-10, 1970"
Only
those
prospective
first year students who successfully passed the field
try-out
or
oriontotion test were enrolled.
The first honers were fre~ from the tuition fee of P20.00
but not the othcr school fee.s.
The second hon0rs were ch"'\\rc;ed
half the tuition fEl8 of I~-20.00 rend thot w~\\S only 'P'10.00
but
they paid all other
school fees.
The school fees chnrf,ed were:
(2) M~triculation Fee • ..,.oo.ooo<ct.'O.I!IIO ••••
.
.
.
(3) School Paper (Mt. Breeze) ••••.•••.•••
~j ,oc
.•
( 1+) FFF 0 r FJ).J-IP ..... ~ •
~
~
2.00
0
tI •
0
, 0 e .. G ••• 0 ••• ••
(6) Deposit (Refu!1C1Cl01,c) ••••••••••••• ,' '.-."
10.00
(7) PMT (For 3rd & 4th Year boys) ••..••.•
0.50
(8) Library FC0 (New Studonts) •••••••••••
(9) Mcdicrt1-Dentn1 Fee •••• ••••••••••••.•
1.5<2
T07j.L ••••• ~ ~
0
r.!+3 ~O
Following tho existing n~misBtion requirements
of
the
ColJ.ege, only a limitod nunber of selectod freshm~n were
ad
mit ted aftur hnvin: passed a 10-D2Y Fi~ld Tri~l and
Screening
Test.
Due tC' the L.'ek of rooms "neI (~<1uiiJr1Cnt _' as well
,:lS
st"ff to h::mdle addition".l clo.ss0s, ::tbout 100' qualified 3ppli
cnnts for enrolltlent
',Jere; refusud admission.
16
During the School Yec,r 1970-1971, thoe were 71f5 stL1dents
distributed as follows:
First
Seconcf-
-Th{rd
Fourth
Total
Year
Year
Ycn.r
Year
Boys
173
96
95
88
Qirls
109
71
59
54
293
.
TOTAL
282
167
154
142
-
Of the 142 students enrolled in the fourth year,
6 (,rvnri.
dropped out due to financial difficulti s and three failed
to
complete
the re~uiremcnts for gr~duation.
A total
of
132
fourth year
students out of the 142 officially
enrolled
gradul1tec1.
on
Mo.y 25, 1971.
From the first year to the th ird year, there were 51~ drop·
outs; and 36 failed to complote the requirements for pro~otion
to the next
curricular year.
Drop-outs and failures are broken down as:
-----
::
-:..
Drop-Outs
Failur'2s
l'OTf,I..
First
33
15
)+8
Second
10
,
0
16
Third
11
15
26
---_.-: ...-
TOT;''"L
36
90
. =
The tota~ of 90 drop-outs and failurE>s con5titutes 14e~3%
of those officially enrolled from the first yc~r to the
third
,
yellr.
17
This nu~ber represent3 those who could no.!. ~c_opc; wi th the
requirements and who were either failed or droppc;d.
'Phis
in line with the administration's policy of producing
quali
ty gr'''.dua tes"
Teach~r~J Assignment~
(1) .fu;b.t8d Subject Te2.chers. - Of the lLf related
sub
ject teachers~ 12 are section advisers
with a maximuc
load
-'~--.-~::::: ..
of six
periods of 40 minutes each~
two nre non-aGvisers with
one having six periods of 40 minutes each,
Dnd one
with six
periods of 40 minutes each and
adviser
of
the
Secondary
Department official schoOl organ,
THE MOUNTAIN BREEZE.
(2) Voc~tional Departm8nt Teachers. - Of the 16 Voca
tional department teachers, ei~ht are agriculture
tenchers
with maximum load of nine pc;riods of 40 ninutes each
and
minimum
load of six
p8riods of 40 minutes each
and
sub
chapter ndvisers
of the Future Farmers of
the
Philippines,
~s well as athl~tic conches;
five are homemaking
:: -:0-:.. ..:. ..:. ::.~. _ ..:
with a
maximum load of nine pbriods of 40 minutes ench und a
minumum load of three porions und
in-Chccrgc of the
School
Canteen.
Four homemakor
tc~chers are section advisors
us
,"
well as Bub-chapter advisers of
the Future
f"c:ricul turo.l
HomemAkers of
th~ Philippines;
Three
o.re Fnrm
Mech·::mics
teRchers with
mnximum load of six periods of
40
minutes
eoch Rnd a minimum load of two periods r~th soca college load
ond supervises constructions undertnken by the administration.
18
Aside from their tectching assignments,
most of the"m are
advLsers
of student
orcnnizntinns on the
school c~mpus.
Classroom Instruc~
(1)
(1) Related Subjects:
------~-
Pilipino. -
Inasmuch as
the students "TO non-Tago.logs,
most
of the lessons taught were on vocabulary building
designed
to give the students
3
general vocnbulary that they
could
use in their everyday life -- at home,
at school, and in the
community.
Grammar was taken up with pho.ses that
had
1mme
di~te bearing on the daily speech of tho students
and
only
when
the n8ed
arose.
Stories, poems, songs, and proverbs were "Iso ti"Cught
to
prewicle opportuni ty for the developme.nt of appreciation
of
Philippine
culture and
civilization and
for
tC:1ching
health,
work habits,
good citinzeship,
and char~eter.
For the whole school y~~r,
tho students were
required
to' write
six formal themes and twelve informal themes.
The Freshmen Class Organization w8nt on an
tour to Bouans BG~ch, Pepsi-Cola Bottling Pl~nt,
Rnd
Poro
Point, Sen Fernando, La Union
ln connection with th6ir
1e5
sons in Gen0ral Science) Rending,
and Pilipino.
(2) Enf.;)is.E •. -
In the lower yenrs~ tho ('T'\\pht1Sis v"ns
on
the sentence sense;
sentence ~nd pnrc~raph use
structure,
verbs, moc1ific,rs, com;;')s i tion,
Dublic
speo. king
l1ronunciCl
tion, oral communic~tion, 0nd voc~bul~ry 1n Grammar and Compo
sition.
In Literature, ho~e~ outdoor, world
rtdventure>
19
laughter, im~Ginati~e and fancy, stories, poems, songs and pro
verbs were tought to provide opportunity for the students
to
appreciate the local, national and international liter~ture.
For the higher yenrs, er:1Ilh"s is was on the simple and per·,
feet tenses, outlininB' debate, verbals7 verb rules,
British
Lit8r~tures, Applicl~tion Letters, English Essays,
The Dramas,
Parts of Speeches1 Capitalization and Punctuations~ Heritn~e
of American Literatures, American Poetry, and World
Litera
ture.
These were achieved throu~h readings, story
telling,
character analysis, event an~lysis, paraphrasing, drills} lcc
turcs, exercises, observation, etc.
(1) Al~ebra. - In Algebra the point of emphasis
was
on the
mastery of the fundamental concepts and
the
relntion
ship of algebraic quantities and R continous diligent practice
and review of the fund~mentnl al~ebraic process and oper~tions,
expressions and derivations of formulae from
the
table
of
related quantities and the like}
the fundamental
operctions
with signed numbers, fund8ment~1 oper~tions
of
monomiCtls,
binomials
ond po~ynomi~ls' special pro~ucts and
factoring,
equations ond problems} systems of linenr equqtions and
prob
lema, Fowers
an~ roots to mention a few.
(2) Modern Mathematics. -
In MaJurn M8thcmntics
the
point of emphasis was on the follo~inG:
the sots, num~rRtions}
,
operations and properties of whole numbers} introduction
to
integers, f.:'lc-cors and primes, ro. tion"ls, sets of points,
mea.
surements} and
graphing.
20
(3) ApEliod Physics. -
In Applied Physics the enphatyis was
on the first-hond knowledge of phenomena involving
principles
and laws of Physics,
the development of scientific
attitudes
and realization the significance of the scientific methods
of
dealing with problems,
acquisition of skills in
manipulating
instruments and conducting experiments correctly,
th8 role
of
Physics as a science in the development of modern
te2.chnology,
comprehension of the principles and laws of Physics relnted
to
daily activities, development of interest in Physics
.::tnd all
phases of science
and technolo~y,
and development
of nppre
eiation and sense of Gratitude to the p~oplc who
L-tbored
un
selfishly in the pursuit of scientific truths.
As for as the subject matter is concerned, it w~s
st~rted
right,
but no outstanding nccom,lishments wero done.
With the
desire to improve the contents of the subject new
labor"tory
manuals were reproduced patternel1 aft<::r the new physics manuals
donated by the Senior ClASS Orgnnization last school yoe-r.
The
Administration -purc~'1scd enOUGh new books and r8ferences
and
numereus new equipment for laboratory use.
As a result of these
purch~ses, 30 cl~ss oxperiments wero performed.
As a p~rt
of
the trnining,
the Physics Closses went fer an excursion to gnin
experience along with th0 subject to Santo Tomas Radar
Station
in Boguio ~nd Manila.
(c) I'~,-tural SC'Jence.s. -
In thE' N"turC:ll Sciencco the points
of emphasis were ns follows: (1) General Science. -
The develop
ment of the ability to undcrstclnd som0 goneral information con~
21
cerning scientific facts nnrl principles. to ~rouse tho jnterost
of the students ~bout the world around them to und~rstand
the
scientific principles
involved in tho construction and
oper~
tion of many everydCl.y devicos, to develop the scientific method
of solving problems as well as personal problems,
to
develop
skills in handling and manipulating simple apparatuses, and
to
instill the wise use of leisure time and stimulate creative abi
lity.
(2) Biology. -
In Biology, the practical underst~nding
of the various forms of Ii fe in their nn. turn 1 environment:
the
natural explanation of biologicn.l phenomena which one may
seo,
development nnd understanding of tho scientific concepts,
and
the symbiotic relntinnship bdtween organism.
The stud~nts of General Science and
Biology
went
on
an
educational tour to San Fernnnrlo, La Union an~ neighboring towns,
and to Darigayos Be~ch, La Union, respectively.
The
purposes
of the tours were:
(n) to make a comparative study
of
the
weflthe:('
conditions prove.iling in the hichln.nd and th::-lt of
the
lowlnnc provinces,
(b) to m[Lkc ,~ C0r.lpC1.ra tiv;) study of tho di f-
fercnt vcgeto.tions J.n the HiGhlands) o.nd those; in the Lowlf\\nc~:3'
(c) to gain new insights nnd experiences regardinG the
nature
of the sen -
i t s behavior os well [LS of the living thinGS that
dwell ther0in "for Genar[L1 Science, and (d) to collect specimons
ns well as to undertiJ.ke a cort1po.r:ltive study of the
rliffe.rGn ~j
animals exist Lng both in the HighLlnds ",nct in the IJowlands, for
Biology.
-
-
~
- -
22
and its method uf study, difr8r~ntintioG bGtwc~n mnttJr .
. :'. 1el
energy -
their properties and chnrncteristics,
d~ffercntintio~
be tween sub§tance, elements nnd compounds;· che.!l ic c:\\"2..
rene t~.on:' r
equations and calculntions) symbols and valence of cleM8ntsJ the
fundnmental laws in Chemistry, solutions, physicnl ~D~
chemical
properties of water, hydrogen, etc?~ electrolysis,
the
<l tmos
phere .- its no.ture, cOr:1)osition, cmd othnr ch,~rncteristics, the
occurence~ prGparation~ properties and US0S of metnls us~d
in
industry.
points
of emphti'l3is in the different courses V18r<: ns follows:
tnught threo times a week during the first 60mostcr
and
two
times a week during the second seDcst0r.
Philippine
Politicnl~
Social~ Econor,lic) Lmd Cul tUl'':11 H:Lsl~ory ",Ie T3 ()[nphDsizod"
(2) Phili Doinc Gov,~:..'· ::1en"c ,.
A t:olc YCQ~ s~bject~
i t
. . . ..."
_ _
...~' ~.-",
~
0" _ . ,
~"""
_~.
. . . . . . -
•
was taught twe times u week durinc tho fiYst £G~~st(r nnd
three
times a week during the semester.
Philtppinc social:
politicnl
nnd economic development of th~ Government were emph~stz0d.
during the first semester?
ThG points of emphAsis'
on:
The Civilizatir:ms Begin in Four \\!~lllcys 0."111 spre."d Throuc;h
the
Ancient WorlQ, formation of Citizenship in Greece nnd Rooo,
Re
ligions Take TJE>ndorship in Europe, !dric8.; Clnd Asi", Clt,ssC:'j Di
vide the Socic~;ies in Europe and the Eust, Phe West Tokes
the
23
European and American Nations, The Growth of Democracy in
Western Nations, Scientific Thinking and Machinery
Revo
luti0nize Everyday Living, Imperialism and
:;:mito.t':'on
Sprer,d W0stcrn Vr",ys ,'\\.round the World, and rJorld-\\i'!ide Ten
sions Chnllenge.
(4) Vocational Education. - This is a
semestral
6ubject taught durinG the school semester.
Emphasizod
were the Orientation; Scnpe and Content of
Vocational
Education in the Philippines; Its Objoctives,
Problems,
Functions and Accomplishments.
the points of emph.:Lsis wore on Physic:,l Fi tness,
Le,~c1-up
Games, Calisthenics and SpGci~lized Athletics.
tureo -
In Agricultur0 I, the point of emphasis
on
Horticulture with basic information on Animal
Husbandry,
;"ield Crops, nnd Farm Man<>.f;ement.
In jtgriculture II, the
point of emphasis was on Animal Husbandry ~ith
relnted
information on Horticulture, Field Crops~ and
Farm
Ma
nagemcnt.
In AgricUlture III, the point of emphasis
"ms
on Field Crops with related information in
HortiCulture,
Animal Husbandry, o.nd Fc:-.rm t'Inn"gcment.
In !\\.c-;riculturs IV,
the point of em~hnsis was on F,rm ManAGement with
rel~ted
information on Horticulture, !\\.nimnl Husbnndry, nnd
Fi~ld
Crops.
24
(b) Agricultural Homemaking. -
In Agricultural Homem~king
I and II, the points of emphasis were on the home and
family;
related and applied arts, handicr~ft, textile ond
clothing)
foods ond nutrition.
In Agricultural Homemaking III,
the
specializations W0re on clothing,
child care and
handicrafts and f00ds.
In ACricul tur.:l,l E omcr.'3 king IV,
the
spocializations were on home and family r~lations,
home
management
in the lecture ph~se, and ~,nuicrafts, foods cloth
ings, and gardening in the laboratory phase.
(c) Farm Mechanics. -
In F~rm Mechanics I, the
EitJpha.s is
was on shop orientation and safety, farm hardwares
and
sup
plies, tool conditioning, rope work, vainting, fundamentals of
woodworking und cD.rpentry, fences o.nc1 ga tes, f,::lrm forge
work,
and cold metal work8
In Farm Mechanics II, the emphasis
was
on safety shop practice, estimation and use of farm
h:::trdwaros
r
"
and supplies, tool conditioning pr~ctice, basic woodworkin~ and
carpentry, pointing practice, basic sheet metal work and
sol
dering, pipes Clnd plumbin&, glozing, and farm machineries~
In
Farm Mechanics III, the emphD.sis was on farm drawing, tool con
ditioning pr':'.ctice, ac1vn.nccc1 wnodworking, and building
cons
truction, :ldVo.Dced sheet metn.l and soldGrine;' concrete
work
glazing, electric nrc welding, oxy--acetylene- welding, rend fClrm
electricity.
(3) P_rernrnt~ry Nili t,'ny Tretininr;. - The instructi on
vms
,
oriented' to the nCttionnl obj8ctiv~s which are as follows:
(<1.)
To develop the n" tional spirit, (b) to P.1<lKC thG youth
phy
25
stcally str01lg1 (c) to mO-ke the youth moreclly confi,:len L
(el') to
prepQre the youth for military service; (e) to prepare
the
youth for more Qdvc.nced military training, and (f) to
develop
respect for superior authori ty end rir~hts of othors c
C.
MAJOR ACCOMT'I,ISH.I'-fEjlJTS
Graduates
-
Preparatory Military T~0ining. - Of the 114 PMT cadets and
cadettes ~nro11cd in PMT and WAS IV, 109 complet&d the require
ments prescribed in the AFPF G 31 Lt-031 nncl received their - Cer~
tificnt0s of Gr~duation issued by the ColleGe.
In PMT and WAS
III, 122 comp1ut8d the requirements nnd wore promoted
out
of
the 138 officinlly enrolled.
Canchdutes for Graduation. - There were 50 candidates
for
e;r,J.dua tion from the SecondQry I~f,ricultur,:11 FI{-memakinc Curriculum
c.nc1 82 co.ndidntes for gr:::du.:ction from thu Seconch.ry 1\\.g:t'icultun~
Curriculum for Sehool Yenr 1970-1~71o
They were
declnred
graduates and received their diplonns during the
Commer.cement
exorcises On April 25, 1971.
PrOduction Income
The followinG werG the accomplishmcr.ts of th0
Voc:'. tionn.l
Agriculture Teo-chars in their
production projocts~
Production Income
1. ALIPIT, PE~CIVAL Bo
A~riculture & Field
\\JJ 0 I' Jc II I ., ,. . . • •
2. BUASEN, C!~.Rr.OS To
Field i'Jork IV •• , •..• ~
,.,r
':.0
Vocational Te\\chors
Pr0ducti~n Ino~me
3. CASIWI\\.N, DOMING" Q" Agriculture; IV
N 0 11 C
" , 0 0 0 0 0 -
4. CRUZ, ~M.t\\NCIO 1\\.
Agriculture J
T~ () D. ....
5. Df.MPILf,G, DARIO D.
Agriculturo & Field
V..rork lIT
~
" Q '"..
() eo ": 0 Q 0 l)
6. DOPLlTO, NICilNOR A. Agriculture & Swin0 '.000
201.30
(SI\\.NCHEZ, PEDRO S)
Projc,ct (Col18ge) c,','.'O
9;;262.25
7. GIBSON, ADRIANO Te
Agricu1tur~ I I &
Floriculture Project
Dairy Project ••••••• 0 , ••
1.<:06050
Fie 1 d \\ZJ nr k IV t'l.., t:' 0
0
0
0
2.,426 80
(I
,
0
0
..,
0
9. PhRAN, ARTHUR L.
Farm M~chanics :1 ~ III r
229.75
10. Sf,NO, ELMO
Acricul tu.rG J: ~,.
l~,
0
\\l _\\
., •
-'l
to
I)
,.
2.09 '. 50
11. CI,NUTO -' FR',NCISCO
Fn.rm jVf:-nngement
DllYAOEN ... Df.DO B.
Supervised F~rmers
18;;o~'3. 51
LftBI -' I.LFREDO B.
FM ~dnini6t::ltio~ ?:oj., .
220 "_2..:9...
ThG following were the Clccon1plishm\\?uts
of th",
rrochnicLll
Agriculture Tenchers in their ibSP0cti~8 pr0rlucti0n p~0jects:
12. MORESTO, SYDNEY E. Pou1tr,y r'rt',~2ct (Colo) _ P'15:888.75
13. MONROE" TEDDOR/\\. Z. Food T"chn\\lo[~y (Col.) ,
679,·60
14. SAUYEN, HANSEN G.
Rabbitry (CollL.'Cc) ••• ,.
GR/\\ND TOTAL f,S OF JUNE 10) 1971
The summo.rizec1 r8port em f[\\r~ prncluctiiHl if.) found in
the
table hereunder f~r 1970-1971:
· • . • . . • > , ' -
..
Income: Derived
1~ PolntoGs (Irish)
:t:'J.l; 45~2 ~OO
2. B8nns (Bo.euio )
? [326,_ 28
3. G::'.rdcn PC:1.S
2,3780'72
- -
-
-
--
-
-
27
Income Derived
4. C~bb::'.t;(,
Pl,733.16
5. GreeiL Dunching Onions
1., .560 0 77
6. Chinose Cabbage ~Hc,ding
Type)
925.10
7. Lettuce
879.95
8. Tc
.J
541.85
9 .... Cucumber
509.20
10. ChinesE: Cabbage (None
heading type)
2L~7 .12
11. Cal"rrJts
4l.j·o 752__
Sub-Total
1. Strnwberry
PI0,284.46
2. Flowers
1,008014
3. Gabi
78.95
4. DGl.n~,-nas
61.85
5" Corn
38.25
6. Swoet Pot~toes
_ _ _8_r,Q
Sub- Tot:1l .. 4' CI • • t'I GO • '" • 0 • (I 0 0 <.
1. D2.iry Project
P 1,206050
2. Poultry Project (Colle~e)
15,880 075
3. Swin~ Project (College)
9,262025
4. ·Rabbitry (College)
____ 2 2 9_~7 5.
Sub·- Totnl
D. Fnrm Mcch~nics
~102.00
781.60
GH/,ND TOT[,L AS Of' JUNE 10, 1971
The crand totnl of production income in the amount
of
'2'61,383.42 o.s of June 10, 1971 represents the {~ross production
income derived frnm the o.nim~l and p0ultry projects nnd
a~mi-
nistration vc .. ;;.;t,:"ble projects n.nd the net production
income
I
(25% of the coll-'C8 sh~re fr Jm the student c:.nd supervis()G f,'}rm
~
- - - -
-
-
-
-
-
,
28
ing programs~) This ye~rls production income oxceeds th~t of
Inst year in the amount of about ~19,OOO.OOr
To serve as sprinf,boards for bttter decisions toward i~-
creased production, on analysis on the productinn
income de
-.
rived this year on ~ per hoct~re basis will be mude.
~he fo
cnl point of interest in this nnalysis will necessari~y
be
to discover the expected milr[;in from particul~r crops
raised
in a hectare of land based on this ye~r'6 f~rm d~ta on
crops
grown, areas utilized, exp8nses incurred, ond time of plant
ing.
From the c,nCLlysis mny be dra'HD some c(lnclusicns on
mo-
ney crop prospectus and planting calendar t~ ~aximize
f;:~rm
ljroduc t ion.
Prize for t10st P~ocl..~_ctivo,_~..!U(~_~ptF,'r:~Or:."!.
During the Achievoment Day Pro~ram on April
23, 1971 in
connection with the Commencement Ex~rcises of tho Co11er,c, Mr.
Jack Dulnunn, a successful o.gri-businossmilD and n civic-minded
~itizen, donoto} 0. cash nwnrd of ~l,OOOoOO to
the
12
most
productive student farmers of the SecondRry Dep~rtmont.
The
recipients of this nwnrd wore the first thr0e hiBhest
pro
ducers of e~ch of the first to the fourth yenr clnsses of the
Secondnry Department,
The nwnrdccs deposited their
prizE'S
with the Philippine N,tionnl Dnnk o
Do
PROBl,EMS E:NCOUNTEm~D
1. Inndeq'uD tc textbooks, rc f8renee b()0ks,
labor::,- tor~-
manuals, L:: barD tory equipment ~ app::crntuses,
supplies nnd mo.
terials, cahinets, tables, armchairs, fnrrn equipment,
tools
29
2. Overlo~din8 of students per section ~nd overlondinG of
teachers, especially the vocntional tenchcrs.
3. Disruption of cluss instructions due to student damons
trntion, boycott of clnsses, too many teacher's meetings, shor
tene d per iods, tee::. chers' abs ences, tE<3.chers coming to
school
l~te, and inability of the school to provide enou8h
supplies
and materials.
4, Time allotment of 120 minutes only in AgricUlture
I
and I I in the new curriculum is too short,
5. Poor irrigation and drainage system in the fnrm ~s well
as around th8 school plnnts.
6. No Genernl College Tool Room and S cort:.e;e R(wI!l for
our
farm tools and fQrm products.
7. No service credits Given to vocational
tc"chers,
speci~lly those In-Ch~rGe of Animal Projects and
Ver,otnble
fl'rojects.
8. RampDnt ste.:"ling of farm crops and other collcf:c pra
perties in all the Ve~~table Projects.
9. Poor wnt&r suppiliy for domestic use (drinking,
toilet
use, and la.bor~tories).
10. Inadequate housing facilities for teach2rs as ~311 as
s tuclcn ts.
11. Squatters, trespassers, and astray animals~
-
- '
, .
. , ' ' , I
~.-
~
I
"
.,.~~
~AIIIII_
..
~IFI'~ ., , ,- I, ~ _j"~.;~'"
I t '
, \\
' " " '. . . . '>.~~~
30
E..
RECO!'lJvlENDi,l'IONS
1. The gen~ral complaint of the seconct~ry tenchers is on
the inndequncy of classroom facilities such as new editions of
textbooks, reft:rence books} labon:~.tory mcmuC\\ Is, etc ~
It
is
therefore} recommended that morE updated textbooks, refurence
books and laborntory manuals be purc~,seQ to have instruction
abreast with the changing times.
Laborntory apparntuses, sup-
well
equipped laboratory room should be provided for a
better
teaching-learning process.
2. Tho classrooms were designed for a 35-40 students ca
pacity to insure tcnching-learninG situation to Q certain le
vel.
Due to lack of classroom facilities, some students used
benches and wrote on their laps during class recitntion.
It
is recommended that enrollment be limitod to
40 students per
section
so that all
the students in th0 clanasroom will
be
seated properly to make the situation conducive to ler.T'ning.
3e Facilities and equipment are nl~ays lacking
in
our
college because of inadequate funes.
It is, therefore,
rc
commended that the collcB0 farms be exploited to the
maximum
to provide supplemontary sources of incomE: for the
purch~se
and acquisition of the nedess~ry f~cilities ond
equipment,
both for the fnrrn and classrooms.
It is further
rccomrended
thnt C1. genernl toolr001TI be oper'\\.ted to store all the
,r'_~.ege
f~rm tools and'a stor~ge house Dc provided for storin~
fnrm
productions to centralize mn.rkctini.:; of the college ;:>ro<luce.
31
4. It is recommended that the Second::.ry PrOcr:1m be struc
tur~d on the basis of the 12-month school calendar since work
on the f~rm is continous throuGhout the ye~r.
The time allot
ment in Agri cul ture ,:tnd Homemaking I and II should be
in-
creased to five ~eriods and time allotment in Farm
Hech,cnics
should be increased to two poriods e~ch as time is very
vital
in production.
Productive prrject tenchers should be on
the
vacation-sick-le~vc basis.
5. It is recommended that selective ndmissi0n be continued
to attain qualitative improve mont in the Second~ry
Dep~rtrnent
within the limite~ financial resources, buildings,
equipment
nnd facilities.
h recommended set of criteria for
selective
admission orc
schol~Btic
stnnding, f~rm origin,
fnrm
work
experiences, uge ~ ~)hysicDl fi tnE~SS > ny)ti tu des;1 nIl'} honest
de
sire of students_t0 prepare themselves for farm life and hiGh
er le~rning in n~ro-industrinl colleGes.
In uther words} 0.11 npplic','mts VJill be :t'~Ditted,
but
thera should be selective ~dmission to the Voc~tion~l hgricul
tura Dnd Agricultural Homemaking curriculo..
Other
students
not Ctdmi t ted to the Voc" ti anal A~~ric: ul ture anc[
Agricul turo.l
Homemnking Curricula should be offered other short
curriculo.r
alternatives sucn "s h~ndicrDfts, tractor mechanics)
c2..rpen
try, typing, stenography, ond other short courses th~t "rc
in
del'!}o.nd.
6~ It is recommenrled th"t teachers continu;:\\lly do
their
level best to ~nrich their course contants with teaching units
thnt ho.ve re1(,v"nce to the problems nnd needs of tho indivi,lual
and tho community.
7. It is recommended that all production projects
should
be operated to produce profits) not just denonstrntion projects
to reflect the principles of incre~sed and ga~nful
production~
The mo.nngement
skills to run the
project on ~
business-like
manner must
be po.rt of the te:uchini: content 0
At the cnd
of
fiscal ye~r, a fnrm business n~,lysis should be made.
8. Interagency coopero.tion should be encour~geJ in order
that the reSOurces - personnel; mntcrinls nnd equipment
of
one .:tgency may be used more effectively in the tee.ching
of
vocational agriculture.
9. Squatting and land grabbing nrc probloms in the school
site.
It is recommended thnt strong representntions be
with the nuthoritics concerned; possibly with the Office
of
the President of the Republic of the Philippihes; for possible
measures to be adopted to resolve the squatting and
land
grabbing problems in the schoole
Likewis8; Con~reGs
should
initinte certain lCGis10tions th~t would discour~Ge squ~ttin0
and land gro.bbing of school sites.
Efforts should be exerted
to acquire ~h8 land titles for the school rescrv~tions Qnd the
court action be usod as the leg~l me~ns.
10. It is recommended th0t the PASUC Pay Plun be
adopted
~s soon as the financial status of tho college so warrantsn
P I. TIT III.
COLLEGE DEPi..!1TMENT
ft. ORG:.NIZf.TIO!'UiL SE'I'--·UP hND CONDITION
OrgG.niztl. t ion0.1 _Set-'Ur
Under the dirodtion nnQ supervision of n llcQd of the Col
lege Dep~rtment, the collcGi~te deV3rt~ent is divided
into
three sub-depnrtmunts, nnnoly, (1) Agriculturnl Educ~tionJ (2)
Agricultural Homemnkinr.;, ond (3) One-Yei'-r Post-SeconG:.ry Fnrm
Mech<.mics ..
With a Supervisor of Student TcnchinG ond 0.
Secondnry
Principal he~din6 the High School Deportment, the College ne~d
coordinates the en-campus Ctn~ off-c~mpus tenching exporiences
of student tc~chers pursuinG their degree in llochelor
of
Science in Agriculturnl Educntion (BS~~) and Bachelor
of
Science In Agricultural Hooumoking (BS~H)o
The tcncher education students were trnined to become pro
ficient high school tVi1chcrs 'on thG fiolc1s of
specinliz.'J.tion,
namely, Agronomy, Aninnl Husbon0ry, or hgr~cultura~
Engine(~r-·
ing und Food Technolof;Y.
These stucbnts took Qptionnl courses
in elementary education to quolify ~hem to tc~ch in
t~e
el0
ment:-,ry schools o.s Industrial [,rts or T-::'ome Ece'noli1ics ti.C,'chcrs.
With the College He~d were 20 faculty
memburs who
mo
nD-ced to sive the best th0re \\jOS to more thnn L~OC) collccc "tu
dents enrollod clur'inc; thE: yrDc..r,
Of the 20 faculty membGrs, nine Elre musters dOf.;;ree holc1
ersJ one is werking on his doctornl clissert:i.tion,
two
-
~--
34
doctoral units, two n.re workinc on their w.1ster theses.:'
:\\nd
seven, two of thorn nre dctniled, hnva mastcrial units.
College Entrance EXQmination
In May and June 1970, a total of 289 npplic~nts took the
College Entr:\\nce Test.
of this totnl~ 145 W8rc boys ~nd
135
girls.
Admitted for the first yenr classes were 101.
A
to-
t~l of 168 were refusee admission owinG to lack of rOODS nnd
items for instructors' positions.
College Enrollment
During the first samester of 1970-1971~ n gr~nd total of
437 college students were enrolled.
Of this total, 212
were
BShE students~ 203 BSAH students, and 22 One-Yenr
FOGt··
Secondary F~rm Mechnnics students.
The cross-sectional distribution of the first
semester
enrollment follows:
(1) BSAE - 212 (1st ye~r, 60;
2nd
yoar,
Lf6 of whom 35 1iwre boys (lnd 11 ";irls; :md 5th yenr, 2/+ of whom
22 were boys and two girls.)
(2) BSAH - 203 (1st year, 61; 2nd yenr, 35; 3rd ye~r, 44;
4th yo~r, 42; and 5th yenr, 21.)
(3) One- YUtH Post-Secon(b.ry F,'"'. rm Hechc~ni cs Course
22
boys.
DurinB the second somester of 1970-1971, a grand
t obI
of 403 college students wore enrolled
Of this t0tnl,
192
Q
were BSAE students, 190 Bs~n §buctonts, nnd 21 On0-Ye~r Post
Second~ry F~~m,Mechnnics students"
35
The cros6-section~1 distribution of the second semester
enrollment follows: (1) BSAE - 192 (1st ye~r, 54; 2nd
year,
32; 3~d year, 48 of whom 41 were boys and seven girls;
4th
year, 51 of whom 41 were boys nnd:~O girls; and 5th
yet:.r,
seven of whom six ~erc boys nnd onu girl.
(2) BSAH - 190 (1st yenr, 57; 2nd year, 33; 3rd
44; 4th year,
43; und 5th year, 13.)
(3) One-Yer,r Post-Secondary F~rm Hcchnnics
Course -
21
1)oY8.
Coll~;e Dropouts
DurinB the year, a total of 34 students dropped out. Of
this total, 20 BShE stUd8UtS of whom 15 were boys nnd
fivE:
Girls and 13 were nSAH students and
. one One-Ye~r
FQ5t~
Secondary Farm Mechanics student were drop~ed· from the rolls
of the ColleGe.
They were not-ro-enrolled on account
of
poor scholarship and financial handicaps.
£,ollege Graduate~
A total of 30 colle~e seniors successfully completed the
reqUirements for their haccQlaur~ate degrees during the first
semester.
Of this total, 18 were BShE seniors of whom
17
were boys and one Girl and 12 DStH seniors.
Durin£,: the second semester, .:t total of 82
sucoessfully
completed the requirements for their Jc~rces.
Of this total,
37 were BSAE 6oniors of whom 26 were boys nnd 11 ~irls;
24
were DSJ'.H seniors nnd 21 One-Yen.r I'cst-Sec'-)llcLtry Farm Mech.:1.
nics students.
Conferred their degrees and issued their diplomas Oil April
25' 1971 were 112 col1e~e ~rnduate6 of whom 55 were DShE;
36
BSAH, and 21 Ona-Year Fost-Secondnry Farm Mechnnics grnduntes.
Plc.cement
, .
Of all these 112 college graduates, only five of the first
semester
graduates were c~ploycd in v~Tious agencies
of
the
government.
Of the five,
threo BSAH gr~duQtes were
employed
ns elementnry school tenchers in the Division of Schools
for
Benguet; one BS~E grnduAtc weS employed in the Agricultural Pro
:l
-
r
~....
I
ductivity Commission, La Trinidad, Bcn~uet; c..na i
was employed in tho ABricultural Productivity Commission, Cnl~-
prw, Mindoro.
Five of tho sLcond
somester craduntes of wham four
were
BSJ\\E nnd
one BSi,11
[';r<,::,~w::tte
vwro rocommencled
os
high school
te~chers in the newly-opelcJ A~nyao Agro-Industrinl High School,
A i-,;renter bulk of the gr:<.duntes ()f 1971 a.re now
seokinc;
employment in tho L~nd Rcfo.-m Commission,
Philippine Rur~l ~e-
construction Movement, Rural Eank in the Philippines
consti
tut ing the Rural Dnnkin8 Syst(;r;], A[;ricul tural Produc ti vi ty Com
missioQI Presidential Arm on Community Development> ond private
commercial agri-buslness firms~
Encul ty RGS8l1rch-Extens ion. Commi t to~
Despite lack of dofinit~ funds for resenrch nnd
extension
servic es
of the CollC':~8 7 <1 fn.cnlty rese"rch'-cxtens inn committee
-
-
-
-
-
~.....
37
WiJ.S
formed to l)lo.n o.nd stren·;tben the re:"co.rch-excens_Lcl1 .Lur.c-·
tion of the Colleg0.
Members of this committee were drnwn from the v,rious ~is-
cirlines with the end in view of makinc nore dynnmic the inter·
c.ction of the different sectors of the Coller:\\: and the
public
to undertake together resc'rchos cnlculotod to ndvnnce
the
scientific nnd soci'-e:conomic development and proGress of
tbe
life
of the
rurnl
people.
Office of th2 Rep;istr.:u
This Office has been dischnrged by 0. Gol10gG Begistrnr with
the' nssist~nce of one cnsunl employee ond one Clerk I who
Rlso
helps the Hend of the Colle~8 Dep~rtment in the clerking
phose
of the
functions
of the CollsCe
Dcp~rtmGnt.
Accomplishmsnts o£-!.~o_l~,~J~_c.::.P":::.E':::'E,tmo_!1'~
Following were some of tb~ Gn]~,8nt accomplishments In
tho
College
Depnrtment:
1. The develo~mcnt of a Rabbitry Project stnrtcrl out
of
more
them 50 rq,bbi t stocks don.:c tc cl hy tho Rev. Ju"n D.
Sicw,:!.'"
ten, ijJorker
Phost of
the Philippine E;:)iscopc:l Church.
2. Cultiv~tion of eV0ry inch of the College Lnbor~tory F~r~
durinG tho growinG senson hy the students in their field exorci
ses nnd collo[8 independent student f~rrncrsD
The collG~G S~lres
from these farm enterprises h~d been collected by tho Farm
Ma
nagement of the institution.
3. PreJar2tion ond submission of r8D~~rch proposals for
fundting, such as the followin~:
0.. tlCorn Procluction fl vlith 0. total project cost
of
y70~000 submitted to the Nr:.tionc~l Science D(~velopm,mt
Bo~:.rcl
nnd National Food 2nd kcriculturc Council.
b" lIVc!_~etD.ble seed ProJuctionl1 which includes ''''.:''':"_OU$
vegetable seed production nnd stor~ge7 plant protection stu
dies on different vegct~ble cro~s> nnd Stucti0S on
cultural
pr2ctices with a total preject cost of P303,OOO submitted
to
the N~tional Science Development no~rd.
c~ "Est:;~l)lishment of a Fooll Processing IJabor:ctory fer
the MS~C and Community Canning Plant for the Province of Ben
guet H with C!. tot'"ll pro jcct cost of ?360 ,000 submi ttec1 to
the
Asian Founa~tion.
d. t'Oper~tion of ,:1 Food Service Conter [";nd
Nutri
tional L3.bor.:'..t ory ll with 0. total project cost of p450,@00 sub
.:ii tted t<.., the Uni ted Nntions Dovelor-mcmt Program.
4. Partitionine; of the Collq;" Social H[lll to
o.ccommo
d~te the technico.l aericulturo Qnd
h~~e
technolo~y clasB0s
ejected
by the
Densuut Provincinl Board in September
1970.
One of the rooms was tempornrily desienntcd for Instructnr's
Office and Workroom.
5. Com:;,lctic'n of the Physics ,mel Chemistry Stock Rooms
adjoining the Math~mntics & Physics an~ Chenistry L~bor~tory
, Room ..
39
6. Initial estnblishment of a Botanical Garden planted to
more th2n 200 0ifferent kinds of fruit and ornamental
trees
for acclimutizati0n e~st of the ColleGo Rolnted SUbjects DuilJ
7. Transfer of b~nnna suckers and some landscape
plant
ing materials from c sector of the former arca of the
College
Depttrtmeflt, taken over by thE MunicipGl Ctnd ProvinciD.l Gov('rn··
ments, to the
co.rnJus of the Collcso Department.
8~ Trunsf0r of th8 ~'rbed wiro fcnces from th0
rott.en
:posts to the :-'<[i;oho tree b()rc~ors of the: C lego LaborC'.tory Fr.\\rm.
9. Boldine af su~~cr vnc0tion classes for teachers in the
field o.nc1 colle~~8 studentso
10 .. Successful coop8rntion with the UPCft fmirJnl Husbandry
Dep:crtment on n
l1S tucly on the Pcrformnnce of the Inbr8d Lines
of Villi te IJer;horn Developod in UPCA 0"
11. SUCCGss;ul cooperAtion with IRRI on Q
rcs8arch
~t
the CollcG0 Lab F~rD on Cowpen-Swuet Corn Intcrcroppin~.
12. Successful Growth on one paddy of stnnding sweet corn
p12nts for sced production ..• +
<. v
the Collegc L:lb Enrm o
D~
MAJOR ACCOM~~ISHMENTS
Constructions
The fo1l_o1t.Jinr; were constructions o.nc1 reo.j'.? =-rs done durinG
the; yE.:-:tr: (1) Rc-iY'.ir of the 15' x 100' Greenhouse of the
}':.'rm
Man~cement; (2) Construction of two 13 1 x 80' Gr~enhouse
for
the :Floricul tnr,. I'roje ct; (3) Floorill':
.!-
.JJ.
the second flo~r' of
40
the l\\dministrCltion Buildin[:; (4) N"nu:0cture and inst.J.lb,tion
of iron erills of the Fnrm ShGp BuildinG; (5) Pnrtitionini; cme'
chanG inc of tho decayed back w~ll of tue Girls' Dormitol·Y;
(6) Construction of G shG~ for the elcctric~l oquipment
of the punp of the nrtesian well; (~) Instnllntion
~f
two
partitions of the second floor of the CollG~e Rel,t8d
Sub··
jectsBuildinf;; (8) H:'kinC of three book shelvE.ls (I' x 6' x 6';
for the ColleGE.:? Li brnry. () Trans fe l' of the ',Iorch <1.nd door of
l
-
Mr. Rodolfo Lbastilla1s cott~~e;
(10) 'I'!'r.ns fer 0 f the
porch
and doors of Mrs. Letty Juno P~SCOIS qunrter~;
(11) Construction of n toilet ~nd septic tank
for
Mrs.
PaSCO; (12) Construction of a septic t~nk for Miss Erlind~ B.
Tolentino; (13) Construction oJ On') toi10t nnd OL c
b:;.throom
for the Gil'lst DOrf:litory; (14) Construction of r:. sl!\\~"lll kitchen
for Mrs. Felicidnrt Fcrnandoz; (15) Plnstcrin~ the bnck of the
Home Economics Building nn~ the Coll~ge Clinic BuildinG~
(16) Minor repairs in the diffe~cnt schaal buildin~s ond
teachers' cotta~cs such as chancinG of broken window Blasses)
destroyed door and winrlow sushes: "ecClyed floors: plastc:riD[~
leakinB roofs, etc.; (1&) Makinc diffuront prnjec~s for
the
development of skills in the Fo.rm Hechani.cs nnd
hsriculturn.l
Engineerinc courses; (18) ConcretinG of the front~~e
of
the
Administration Duildin[ ~nd nakinc of concrete flower
boxes
around the Administration BuildinG;
(21) Construction of 011tdool..... tVlin toiJc-:... s to;' tile ~>..IJ..:'~;('/_~'
and High School Relnted Subjects BUildinGs; (2)
of two (six bowls ench) toilets for the Collerc Relnted
jects Duildin,;; (23) Construction of onc (four bowls)
';oilct
for the ColleGe Clinic; (24) Conditioninr of the
su.rplw3
School Bus acquired by the Colli.:!':e "nd of the cbmCl0;8d
F··350
Pick-Up
which fi~ured
in a collision w~en it W~5
from Oloncapo;
spare parts WQr~ not nvail"ble.
(26) Din~nosis of the ~njor rlvfect nf the School
Jeep;
major ov~rh~ul WfiS needed for its ccnnooic ope~"ti0n; (27) Hi.;
babbi t inc; of the worn··out con,·-rod
of th-::: 'liesel \\.';l:~ine driven
irriC2tion pump end subsequent rep12c0ment of the
wAter sc~ls; (28) Instnllntion of tho neep well submorsible
pump; (29) Installation of the speci~l ~lcctric~l t~lnsmi6sion
line for the pump; (30) Instnllc.tiOrl of the aeriil,l
pipelin<.:s
across the riv~r;
(31) Construction of facilities
-for
the
Children's Pl~y~rounrl in coopor~tion with B~rrio BGtnS
Coun
cil; nnd (32) Lcmd prepc.r;,tion or'l<1ministrF.'-tion truc~<.:
irnrclen
~re~s ~nd projects.
On prO'TGSS is thE-> constr'lcticn of the Collerc
Liblnry
Buildin~ which is cxp~ctvd to be fi~ished in Au~ust 1971 0
F0culty Developmunt
j~t 18i1st once n month throu:;~hout ~hG j(;'1.l")
Council rowt wi th the llrosiclcnt [\\J:'lJ1 (iscusscd rroblems "imed ~t
irn~rovins i1drninistr~tive and supcrv~Gory functions aSicll as
-
.
' .. \\' ";f"J;~,~:'~·/'\\\\:;... 'I
"~\\\\"!~
,
,
: I
,'V.~,)\\l(,:io .'t"~ \\ " I
I
"
l
(~I,\\l~~,\\.'t"~ 'l~'\\,*,."" .\\,'\\ :
academic and fiel~ instructions.
E~phasis wns ;"iven on
inter
c1isc-iplinnry c,j:'l,rc:>c'.ches in ,::. mnnner th,"'..t the core
curri c,',l u~,
being technic~l n~ricultureJ should be the fecal point of
ins-
tru,ction,' resc.t1Tch iJ ond
extension.
Instructors, except for -S\\ fev!) attended nir'ht rtncl
dny
r:r-:duute clo.ss8s in the private collc,:es and
universities
in B',f'ui().
Aside from these o;)portuni ties, instructors Clccord
iug to their fields of sp8cializo.ti n n were desi~not~d to pnrti
cipate in various professi0nnl conventions and scminnr-workshops
riculture, em,} other collei;cs .:mc~ universities in the country.
To\\V:,rd the 8ml of the yenr, the ],rlminis tr'. ti on r(~C(;l':1l:il:~n'.1eli
for Graduate study fr~nts two fnculty members for SE~RCA
Bcho~
lurships, two for the /lCIlF MTf~ pror';rClffi,
two for the U< P.
Fcum
t-b.nngernent scholnrships)
and two for the U.P.
scholnrships~ One was Dorn2U for fino.nei:-tl nssisttlDce
by
the
[CAP in
his doctor~l dissertc tion
Conferred their du;;rses or, !,pril 25, 1971 were 91
college
Grnduntes~ Of this total, 55 we~c DStE nnd 36 BSAH ~r~dunt~s.
Aw~rded
diplomas w~rc 21
Or e ,Yenr Post-Secondary
Mechanics croduutes.
Aw~rded di~lomns
by the
Depa ·trnent of hrmy Science
and
Tectics
were ,70 Cr":Jurotcs
of I'Iho:.:1 (. Lr:ht v!c.re l\\clv;:-:.ncccl
HOTC,
51 B::lS ic ROTC,
.:::.nd 11 V"TC 0
- - - - - - - - -
-
• \\
• ,
'
,A \\
. " ..
',\\ . ',.. :'"
.
.~:.,~\\'.. '
C. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED
The followin[': war,; sonw cf the nocc1s:-\\ncl mD.jnr ljI'obl';m c,
encountered in the ColleGe Departmont;
1. Limitc0
workinc spaces for ~he students
dur~nG
their shop
and labor~tory work due to l~ck 0f
rooms
nnd
con~ustion of cl~ssro0ms 0winr to lack of space for
stcrnce
of instructiono.l materinlso
This problem wns Ct:;-;rav::ltec1
in
1969 when
the Municipnl GovDrnment demolished th~
Collece
F'rm Shap BuildinG nn~ lnst September 1970 Rhen the Provin
cial Govornment
0 jccts~'
the C ollegc tcchnici11
i1fTicul ture
~nd home technclo~y Clo.SS05 frnm the old Mnin Collere Buj.ld
inG which Wi1S rcnov~ted by the Pr0vince for a
Prm.rincinl
General Hospit~l.
2. TS2chinG overloa~s of severnl ~Gchnical acriculture
and ar;ricul tural GnGine8rin;-~ in8tructors
due to
lack
of
instructors.
3. The Colle;~e Departw;ut Office h,'.S been unc1ermnnncd.
The He::lu of the Collq;" De:j)nrtm2:1t r1nes lIst h:"lVC 0. 01C':rk who
will devote his full time
for cnrrcsrondence
nnd rcpGrt ~s
well as for typin~ nnQ
mimco~r2phin~ syll~bi, instruction::ll
ml. t~;ri'11s J
:""lnd lahor-', tory n1anu"ls.
If,. Lack of 2.. suit",blE: Gui<lnnce
and Couns .llinr: Clinic
with
a staff ond at l~~Rt ~
clerk to assist on
the
work
on Guidance forms nnd records"
-
- - -
-
- - - - - - - - - - _ .
,.
l~L,
5~ Inadequate labor~tory facilities including books in the
teaching of biological sciences. che~istry, mathematics anj phy
sics, English, ~'ilipinoJ Spanish, Animal Husbandry,
j~(;ronomy,
Agricultural EngineerinGl and Home Technology courses.
6. Inadequate water ~or the livestock and poultry projects,
labor2tory rooms, home technology exercises, and irrigation wa
ter for the feed grains production of the animal and
poultry
projects.
7. Inadequate funds for the immediate purcha~e of antibio
tics and veterinary drugs for the troatment of sick animals and
birds and other emergency needs.
8. Need for H cl~ar-cut division of the College Department
into sub-departments to be offficially chairmanned or headed by
various hee.ds ~
9. Bir~ clasl.,es due to lack of instructors nnel
lack
of
rOOl'ls.
10. Lack of a speech clinic due to lack of funds for
a
tape
recorder
and other nudjo-visual
aids,
11. Need for faucets ~nd pipes for water connection
and
installation of electric outlets in the Physics, Chemistry, and
Biological Sciences Reoms.
12. Ned for Diological Sciences standard lahor~tory tables
and microscopes"
13. Need for setting up a Foods and Processing LRbor~tory.
14. Need for the complotion of Che~i8try Laboratory t~bles,
gas and wnter lines o
45
15. Need ror a s(:parate Home TechnoloGY 13uilding com:Jletc
with laboratory facilities and with a little c~nteen
on
the
\\
first floor
and need for a sopnr~tc llome Manasement
Duildinc
,,'.
with complete eq~ipment and facilities.
16. Need for at least four qualified technical africulturo
instructors and one qualified a~riculturAl engineerinG instruc
1
tor.
17. Need for the immediate repair of the
Incub.,tinC
=:lnd
Brooding House dnmaged by a typhoon two y~Rrs ago.
18. Need for expanding the livestocK breeds and
ernploy
ment of regulAr animal caretakers~
19. Need for n I~(:ncral fnculty TJ1(~etinG nt le,'lst
once
n
month
durin~ which reports of faculty members desiGnatod
to
participate in sominar-workshops will be presented nnd ~iSCUGSDd
for im~lcmentation.
20. Need for strengthenin~ the farm mochRni~Rtion pro~rnm
of the College with the procurement of at leAst one
tractor.
21. Need for one spacious Faculty
Offico
or
IjJ orkrOOfr
equipped with t~hle6' chairs, cabinets, one typ~writer,
~nd
one c11culator; nnd employment of n clerkQtypist to tnke
cnra
of the room 2.nd tnke
cht1.rge:
of the pap',)r work needed by ins
tructors.
22. Need for the rQplncem~nts by tho Municipal Government
and Provincia! Government of
the old
CollcGe
Farm
Shop
, "
Building and old Main CollcBe Duildinc, respectively, nnd also
-
,
.,,' '>'~~'\\:" :,:,':' ':"":'0,
the costs of 6tu~0nt donations and landscape improvemants such
&8 the Iron Gnt€
(?500),
Concrete Irnn Gnte Pil10ra
(~200),
Concrete G~tc Sidings (?200), MRin Concrpte Pavoment
le~ding
to the old Collese DuildinG (~4oo)) Concrete Pavement
cutting
throueh the College klb Farm ('::"1,500), Two College
COnCrl)to
'lloUets (;:;'600), One G:tehouse ("P50), Two Open Concrete Urinn.ls
(p400 , lwo Concr8te Inciner~tor~ (~200), One Raibbo~
~side from these, the Municipal Gov~rnment and'
Government of ~-~en~::;uc t have not yet reimburr;c!d tt10
Co.s!-:s
of
plr:lnts and improvements (~G[:3 troyed a t the f0;'r",) r Colle [;e
Grove
in the amount of ~2}OOO and at the ColleGe Lab Farm ~here
the
Jviunicipal Hall now stcmc1s in the amount or ~ll)out ~'1,500.
D.
REcommNDi,TIONS
Or~anization 0nd Staffinl~ Needs
~
_
v ..
..... _
1. kppointmer:t of Sub-J)epart~.:mt !Iead~. - It is now
time
t~at the organization of the College Dep~rtm0nt be
lined for tho moment as an initi~l move with a provision
for
more funds to effect the diviGion of the ~cpartm8nt
into sub
d(;p2.rtments, namely, (a) f\\Fr,riculture) (b) flgrjcl1ltural
EduC8
tion, (c) !,cron'Jr:ly (en fi.nimaJ. Husb2.ndry) (e) [,cricultur2.1
En-
r;ineerint;' anG (f) Jiome T"clmolor::.ic:cl Educ·,tion~
is the Q.ppoi.tm::.mt of sub-··d,,"':>.:crtment ched rn,;n or h(~'lcls
vii. th
the cornmcnsur~te up-Graded sal~ries.
A list of dofinit0 func
tiona of e~ch wlth thoso under theD shou]j be dr:Lwn up.
-
-"'~,
.~~~ ..
2. ~~.Jor New Instructor~n -- 'I'he Collersc now hc·,.s one
Seed Technologist, several Agricultural E~uc'tion Specinlists,
onc Agridultural Economjst, ~nd other instructors who fit into
the needs of the College.
For
next schonl ye~r,
there
is
urgent need for the emploY,ment of the following:
n. One Plant Breeder or Pl~nt PRtholorist or Entomolo
gist.
b. One i'ericul tural S :;,:. t istici;~n to help
in
the
rese0rch Gxt~nsion program of the Collere.
c. One j<~ricultural En Gin(:,,~r
d. One ~iochemist or Soil Chemist or Soil Physicist
e. Onc ~griculturnl Extension Expert
a standing committeo ~c formed to rinn and execute
lone-
r~nge
rese'rch Qld extension prn~rnm of the College.
Rese~rches tJ be funded by the College or by outside fund
ine il.cencies should be (m project ~'r')posi.'.\\ls cnlculn ted to milxi
mize praduction ::tn(l bring about. pos~_tive influence to the
ru
ral fD.. rmers.
Project propo.s~_ls that cere not rclov~mt to
-... the
renlistic ne~ds of the College nnd the Community shOuld
be
discour~ged, otherwise suc~ proposals would be just like "chns
inG academic butt'~rflies.11
Meritocr~cy. - The fol}owin~ ~r~ recommended:
n. The nor~~l ta~ching lond nf nn instructor shoul~ be
15
r
unit-hours n week.
'1'l00 or three-
hours of rt:se::.rch, l:,Dorrt
tory or field instructions rJill bE: equiv:,lent to one
10c turo
48
hour.
For production project instructors, ., tC1ching L)ac. 01
.
two Bubjects and ono unit-hour seminar course a week will cons
titute Q normnl tC8ching l011d.
An udvis2rship of the College
Orr~clD
I' the Collcr;o Student Supreme Council will be CqUiVR
lent to one subject lo~d, provided a regular
le::cst once" Wb:K will be schcdul<:)d for such
, .lcu.'
prot~rams•
b. At l~a~t once a month durinr tho school ye~r,
the
fRculty should meLt with the President for in-service
growth
on Saturdays
during which the subst~nce of reports from in8
tructors participating in Bemin~r-workshop6 will be presented
fer further
discussion and implement~tion. As usu~l
all
instructors should be encourageu to attend night Rnd Saturday
classes in crc,clu,~_t(; courses in Do.r:u::'o Clnd cJ.urinr summer
at
the D.P. College of Agriculture.
c. F~culty members selected for study grants -:n
the
basis of priority needs,
performance, anrl loynlty
service should be allo,"u (,
,-i th 6C'lnry to GO on study
lertve
with
moral obligntiohs to return to serve the Collegeft
A
provision for sal~ries of substitute instructors
shou:d
be
provided in
the budget.
Irstructors on study lcnV8,
on
their own) shall not be entitled to their salnries which 8hou~d
be pai~ to their substitut8 instructors.
d. It i~ recommended thct the fnculty merit
plan
be
·:
perfected anrt finally 0pproved to have meritocr~cy
prevail
Dnd Gradually iron out the seemingly perennial 'problem
of
salary dispnrities.
-
..
,
'
ll§idlinr;s
1. P~e-Fab Duildin~s. - Recommended is a follow-up of the
replacements by the Municipnl Gov('rnmcnt and Provinc:L:J.1 Gov(;rn
ment of Ben~uet of the old Colle~e Fnrm Shop Duildin~
del"lo
lished by the Hunicipal Governmo~lt and of the old M0.in Coller:e
nuildinG renov-ted by the Province for Q Denguet
Provinci.:'..l
Gencr~l
Hospital,
respectively.
/is promised, the ~1unicip<'1.1 Government sh:l.ll erect
on th~
College Campus a two-story pre-fab building with nn appropria
tion by th~ Provincial Board for the buildin~ to replace
the
old College Farm Shop Duilding
To replace the old Main
Col
9
hCe Building;
the Provincio.l Government likewise sh:.. ll
give
the CollEge thn~e pre-fabs wi th an· 0ppropricltion of
?50,OOO
to make possible the construction of a classroom building
on
the Colle~e
Campus.
The replacements will help e~sc
o~ the serious lack
of
:luasr00m and labor~tory room spnces for the
expanding needs
of the growirr~ CeIlc[,G.
If the pre-fob
buildinGS sh211
hGve
been erected, cns will serve
os a Home
Mnnngcrnent
Building
nnd
the other Q Home Technology Duildinc to
house
nIl
the
lecture
~nrl loborntory home technolo~y cl~Gs~s,
0
a Foods and Process inc Labor~tory, nn0 scv0r~1 ~uest rooms.
2. Duil(1int~s_Urr)eJ~.!)...x.J::l.~c_ded. - At pru.'3,mb thr only one
Collece l<c l ;·t0c1 Subjects Builclini'; is so conC:I:o'ntud Clnd eluttcr'.)cl
up with bi0IoCic,~,1 sciences, tl!chnic"..l f'.(:riculture, anrl
horr"
te chnoloc;y clo.sses thn t: rOdns nro not prope riy structure. fes i,le
.. - -
50
from this existing cnndition in the Colle~e Relnt8d S~bjects
BuildinG and other buildinG needs 01 t~e Collese; the
f01-
lowing are recommended to be erected, repaired, nr provi~ed:
a. One Technical AGriculture Building tn house
al~
the lecture
and/or research-extension clnssesJ nnd probably
a Seed Storage Room, and p Fnclllty Office or ~orkroom
equipped with tRbles~ chnirs, c~hinetsJ n typewriter, nnd
a
calculator.
b. One Diolocical Science Building
c. One F~rm Mechanics Shed or Stor~Be House for ins
tructionnl equipment and materials.
d. Immedinto repair of the Incubatin~ and
Drooding
House d~maged by n typhoon twc YC3rs n~o.
e. Designation of a permanent room in th0 nuw
Col
leGe Librnry Duildinc to house the Guidance ~n~
Couns81ling
Clinic or construction of an annex to thG College Clinic for
the purpose.
Every
year since
1954 when the ColleGe Dopnrtment was
opened, the ColleB~ has suffered from inndequate fun~inB
by
the Nntion~l Government an~ compnrntively low income
of ~he
College due to lov! tuition fees chE'.rg"d consj_rlcrin;; the ["oct
that most,
if not nIL, the Colle~e students enrolled,
come
from the low-jncome bracket of secivtyo
While this is rcc('!:
nized, i t is reco~~ended that prioriticR be estnblished
in
,
.. -
51
the immediate attention and purchns· of urrently noe~ed cquip
mant. basic books, and supplies for instructionul purposes such
as on the followinG needs;
1. Urgent need for the completion of Chemistry L~bor~tory
tables) gas an~ water lines; ne0d for faucets and w~ter
con
nection nno. install:ttion of electfic outletG in the
Physics"
Chemistry, and Diolo~ical Science
Rooms.
2. Purchase of at least two or more microscopes
every
year
for the DiologicRl Sciences.
3. Purchase of at lenst 20 or ~ore basic references every
year for each of the disciplines in technical
agriculture,
a~ricultural engineering, uRricultural educntion.
bioloGical
sciences)
home technolo~y,
lnnGun~es and hUM~nities.
4. Purchase of at least five ~quiprnent every ye~r for ench
of the disciplines~
for the purcho.s8 of a t.:tpe
nudio··visU"ll
. ,
[(luS.
6. Immedinte purch~se of Inbar~tory nn~ field projoct GUp
plies and ill:) torie.ls for instruc tion,d ;JurT'oscs, esp(;ci.:c 1 Jy for
(mti biotics c:mc', vete rirL:1ry cJrw;s for the trea tPlent
of
sick
bires
and ~nimals.
7. Provision :n th~ bud~~t for nn increase in the c~pit~-
li~ntion of the anim~l ~nd poultry projects, includin~
the
installation 6£ n deep-well pump for the birds ond
nniPlnls
und inst~llntion of one irrjc~ti0n pump for th~ feedgrnins
52
(corn, sorghum, Dnd soybe~n) production for the liv~stock pro
jects and employment of re~ular c~rct~k8rs e~ch for the
swine
and
poultry pcojects.
8~ Provision in th& budg~t for the purch~se of one h~nd-·
trnctor for the Coll~go Lnb F~rm to he oper~ted by ~
rJgu16r
oper:.1tor.
9. Provision In the budg0t for the wages of at lenst two
regular ColleGe Form Workers to maintRin the Rescnrch
and/or
Lab
F.::trm.
10. Operation of a GrEenhouse A~ricultur~ d~rins tho rainy
S&Ctson.
Admission Requirements
-_.
~--"'~-'-'----
1. The ~nnual College Entr~nce Tost, open only to the up
per 50% of secoD,\\,ry Gr.-:lcluat(;s n.nd the retentive ndmisfiion re··
quirements in which students shoulcl heW£: at leE'.st passed
more
than 50% of their study loads in ordor for theM
to
be
en
rolled, should be retnined o
2. However, flunk~out students, on account of poor
scho
larship, shoulJ be sh~ed to }~hort
agro-inclustriG.l courses to
be offered when funds
are
available for the purpose by
the
Colloge.
3. The policy of requiring 150 hOI rs of Sumner FArm Prnc.
tice I'ror;rarn for collel;c students who~,rc: gr<l(lut'..tc~:; of c};'nernl
academic secondnry schools DS prerequisites to their
collego
grnduntion should b& continued,
-
- -
-
-
- - -
-
-
-
~
-
53
Pl~cement Scrvic0S
1: The Guid~nce and Counsellirtg ProGram s~ould be wcil
established gnd 6tren~thcned with an
staff inc ludi.:Clg
a clerk~typist und a permanent room for its offi~e
to
cnre of the pL:"tcement services.
One o~<'
t:w funct ions
to be
dischQr~ed by this Office should 08 to cstnbli5hod contacts
with as many eovernment and privat8 sectors and sell the ser
vices of the r;rnc1.u':1tes of the College.
2. Working ht1nd in hand 'Ji th the v:,rious (1ep<':lTtm0nts
of
the College Dnd the ~1SAC !,lurmi i\\ssocic':1t:~.on, this progrClPl celn
do well to provi~le all the n",edec1
info:r.lln"vion:""tl dQtn for job
opportuni ties open to thc: gr:ldua tes of the College.
Information Medi~
1. Needed is n provision of an amount in ~he bU~~dt
for
the publication of .:m HSJi.C JOilRNf,L which cont-elins r,,1' circulC!.
ticD to the public relevant ~Gro-industri~l materials for pub
.Lic consumption,
2, There iR n~ed for ~ designution of
"~ commit tce
to
hnnnle the mech~nics of the colleGe journnl o
3. This rcrommcD'c1a tion includes prepo. t'ntion of f,cripts
for broo.dcns-c OVl~r the rt:.dio
or pub:iicr,tion of li'.:rm b.nd 110:"18
technology tips desiGned
to improve the socio-~conomic life
of tho rurnl peoplcc
While the rooms os usual ore beinG cleAned by students
-
- - - - -
- -
-
-
under the direction of instructors in ch~rse of the rooms,
the
following are recom~0nded:
1. One janitor should be assiGned on schedule to oach clc..ss
room building to maintain constantly the clGonlin'ss of tho ~,lls
or corridors) stairs, ~oilcts, nnd the immedi~te surrounding of
the building.
A systemo. tic scheduling of the jcmi torial
job
should b8 m<:tc1e.
2. The janitor should see to it t14l t the rOOr.1l:>2.rE' pr0perly
locked cmd the windows closed when the rooms are not in use.
3. The j,cni tor should bring to the att.ention of the admi
nistr~tion any r~poirs to be done in the building.
4. Purchase of cleaning materials for the purposo is re
commended.
of LnndscC\\pe I,.!!provemep;..ts
Rec·')mmGndeci is <:tl1 aIJpeal to the Munici}).->.l Government
nud
Frovincial
Government of
Bcncu~..:t for the re~)l."""cu1Cnt
of
the
following f ~tures or im~rovc~~nts destroyed or altered on ren
dered useless for Coll~Gc purposes in vi~w of the neo~s of
the
municipQli ty o.nc:1 province for
lnn(', spt'.C83 for their
builclings
and offices:
Fc:,tures
Amount·
1. ColleGo Grnva Plnnts & Improvemonts
'::'2 )000 .00
. 0
2 • I ron G.-'. t e ... J .'
500.00
It G
of'
. ' •
0
G
CI
0
oeo
Q
'"
0
0
(>
0
0
• •
0
0
0
•
.,
3. Concr,!te Iron G0. te Pilln.rs
200.00
0 0 . 0
• • • A
• • 0
4
Concrete Gc:1.te Sidings
200.00
0
0
• • 0 0 . 0 . 0 0 • • 0
• • •
5. M~in Concrete P~v .. rnent le~dinG to the
01(: Metin ColL'go Building 0
400.0D
• • • • • 0· • • • ' • .
- -
- - - - - - - -
~
56
Features
Amount
6~ Concrote Pnvemcnt CuttinG throuGh
the ColleGe Lab F<lrm ••••••••••••••• '['1;500.00
7 •. Two College Teilets 0" ~ ••••••••••••••
-- -600.00
8. One G~tehouse (Middle of Two T0ilets).
50.00
9. ,Two Open Concrete Urin~ls_ •••• ~ •••••••.
400.0D
10. Two Concrete Incinerators ••••••••••.•
ZOO.OO
11. One Ruinbow Garden •.•••••••••••••••••
100.00
lZ. One st~r Gnrden ••••••••.•••.••••.•.••
100.00
13. One Clock G~rden ••• ~ ..•••••••••••.•••
100.00
14. 'Colle~e Ve~utD.ble8' Ornnm8nt~1 T~~~s,
Flowers, and D~nnnG Trees destroyed
when the Municip~l H~ll w~s erectc~.
GRl.ND Tori:'[,L •••••• ';;.-'7;850,00
Size of CIClsses
The sizes of classes, due tc lack of instructors ~nc rooms,
have been too big, '0-65 in n cl~ss.
To remedy the
it is recommended th~t the size of ench class should be cut down
to 25-30.
The employment of at least five technical agriculture
, .
instructors next school year ns recommended in this report
mny
help
solve the problem of big clnsses o
Two Clerks for the ColleGe Depnrtnent ~)'ffice
Presently, the Offico of the R~~istrnr has only one
clerk
~nd one c~8ual employee.
The Hc~d of the ColleGe Depnrtment docs
not have a clerk; he ctoes thG clerkinG himself with the
nssist
anee of the RGf;istr[~rt s clo:::rk when he is not busy ..
Rtcommcnded for the Collbge Dcp,rtmcnt Office is th8 amploy
ment of the followins:
1. One clerk, who is ~r0ficient in EnGlish and is studious"
ly devoted to'his clericnl task, is nee~e~
to
assist the Head
-
-
..#
.57
·'
of the ColleGe Depr~rtmf.;nt in C01Tcsporrd..:.o.c(;,-
reports, filing,
" 'i'
~nd other cleric~l functions.
2. One trustworthy clurk-typist, who ~G proficient
in
correspondence, record keeping and other fc~tureB of clerical
functions in the .Registrn.T' s Office; i~3 nec d':JcJ.
CroGSHTenching
To m:1kc USG of the best thn.t there i.s far the tr,ining 0f
the students, it 1S recommended thtlt cross-te'1ching of
ins-
instruction
bE; p0rmi tb-;tl in or"er th0 t 0. collq;e =.n8 ;;ructor nu"ded in the
Secondary Dep~rtment
in vi.&w of his field of
spcci~lization
o.nd thCLt i.:t secnnckry instructor nC"cdcc'L ~n tho College Dcp."1.rt
ment also 1n view of his fiold 01 sp~c~~lizn.tion enn he
rnndc
._---._.
GV2ilable to
tho Bturtents~
clo.sses in
c:co8s-te.".chini:;
should l:l"
"l.I Tt'\\rl[;cd
by the CDlle [';8
l1egistr:l.r nne'. tho
Secon([:ory
I'Tincip~;
to effect this
re
commendnticn o
Sup erv isi on 0.£_ stuc~en t ~c'~l:).ns
.'.
A systom shOUld be (Lvisc,l in or~cr for the Supervisor of
Stud0nt 'l'CoQching ~ih:) is D..ssirned b:;'0(ilL:.i.; 10:'.([6 In
educ:-:tion
to be etblc to visit off-CClTIDU8 5tud8f)'C t(~nchGrs in
co
opcr~tins schools in ether provincss~
-
------~
58
Dnccnlo.ureDte De:,rG~ PrQf~ro.q}.§.
It i8 recommended th.:;.t pursu':l.nt to Section 2, R. fl. 5923)
the Colleg0 will begin tn offer n four-ye~r technicnl
curri
culum lending to tho dc~rce of Bachelor of Science in ~gricul
ture (BSA) next school yenr.
A curriculum design
for
this
course should new bl~ to.iJ!ecl nnd approved for inplcPiCnte>.tion.
In this connection, it is recommended that the BS~E
nnd
DSHT curricula be revised and made more responsive to the needs
of the chnne:inB society",
'I'o m:lke the "!JEST degree marc Accept~
able, espccivlly in the field of t~~chin~ it is
th.'1t the c18[~rco be CClllE:d "Dachelor of Sci(~nc0 in H(1mC Technc'
lC[;io.l Educe. tion (DSHTE)."
Mo.steral Pro[;r~:!.~
It is recommended th~t the preliminary gruundwork for the
curriculnr offerings in the masteral programs lEnding to
the
decree of M~ S.in Agrifultural Educntion and M.S. in hb-'e~l
turo be worked auto . To be offen:cl latcr..:.s soon ns sufficient
funds with qualifiod stGff .::tnJ personnel v;ill be 0.
proBram lending to the degree of M. S. in Home
Educntion.
Also recommended to be drawn up nrc rulas to define ~01ip
cies and rules to ~overn 2n( classify non-derrce
nnd
clf.?[';rcG
students
in the ~rnduntG
proGrAms.
- - - - - - -
I
59
Faculty and Student H~ndbooks
It is rec08mende~ that th~ MS~C Faculty and Student H~n0-
books be pu1Jlishec1 for the inform" t ion y [Uilh.ncc ond compl.i::ncc
of all the constituents of the Col10Gu~ nnmely, the
adminis
trntion, the faculty, the stu~~ntry~ and the public.
The public'.1.tion of 2. ~;(;neral c"'..tttlOi~ue is .:elso in order.
E.
S'rUDIES MID RESF,! RCHES
Nee~ for Research
One of the directions to~nrd which instruction
C::tll
be
ronde more
effective
is the opsr;1.tion of
simple anll relevRnt
studies
comducted jointly by instructors and their
students
in connection
with classroom activities.
These studies
B~e
closely related to clnsaroom instructions.
If funds are ffiade available for research and
severRl researches :esi~ned toward the socia-economic
uplift
of rural communities on the self-help principl&
ctl.n
be
insti tutc;cl..
Such rese:lrches to m'-',ximizG <lnd utiliz""
f.;rm
production
can be directecl
tow<lrc;'
more relevant l1c'(!c1s
01
the service areas of the CdlcCl: on the: follov;inG:
(1)
Ve
lotable seed pro~uction, ~torncc, an1 distribution to the
ru
rnl farmers at cost; (2) Feedcrnins (corn, sorGhum,
2n~ soy
bonn) production; and (3) Food processing nnJ cannine
fnrr.1
crops
and animol products.
-
I
~
Research Proposuls for Assist~nce
A1011[; res2:.lrch prOl)OBuls for firw.nciAl n~~.sist:-'.hC'. by iunc.i·
ins a[encies~ the ColleGo hopes in the ycn~s to corne thnt
i~s
project propos::ls durinc the ye:-..1' on IlCorn Pror1uction,r
su':>
mi tted
to NSDD imd NFAC, "Vegetable Seed I'rocluc tion" SUbFli tturl
to NSDD, "Estil.b1ishment of .::1 Food ProcessinG L0borc,tory
lor
MSAC and Community Cannin~ P13nt for the Province of
submitted to Asia Foundution, nnd "Opcre,tion 0f u Food
Service
Center nnd Nutritiono.l Laborc--tory" submitte(~ to the United
N,:,-
tions Development ProGram will m~terialize to brine
into
fruition the three dimensional functions of the Co11ege en ins
truction, rese~rch, nnd extension.
ReSCD.I'ch '.'(lri te-Ups
Reproduced ns appendices to this report ure scv0rnl scle~tef
1'iol(' labor,'.. tory write-ups uncterto.ken clurinr; the yen.r.
Apper::.chx D covers ,'1 study on the: lfPlil.cement
tt.e
lIr0.c1w1.tes of the Voc0.tiono.1 TO"cher E:1uciltinn Pro;'r<,m
of
the
Hountain St.J.te !,cricultur,:l Col18;(':' 1958.. 197011 by the.;
of the Co11e~e Dep~rtment.
~ppendix C cov~rB n study
on
the
liContro1 of Die-mond D::.ck Neth of \\i{oncbok in Ln. 'I'rini(~;~,1.,.
f~uet1t by o.n Ai.;ronomy Instructor.
The oth0r mnterio.ls for Al)IJcn<1ix D, E, 'nd F
·"re
s''1.mp1cs
of field experiments unc.1ertetken by stuc!cnt.s.
They w(,rc prep.~.rC'c.1
by ~~ronomy styGents under the direction of ~crnnomy Instructor
Demetrio S. Somere whn guided them in conrluctinc the field
ex-
t
Fl
periments a
The write-ups were c0rrcct0~ hy EnGlish Insl~uctrr,
Mrs. Is,<\\bel Il~ l:-cc'.bin'<J who in her EnC1i,c3h .301 ('I\\:chnj c,:'_
"r:t
Scientific Reportin~:) which those) stuc;"nts 1vcre t-<:in~-;
.r;u :Lcl( (t
them to prepare their rose"rch reportn
In other words, the pr8p0r~tion of these writc;·-ups
was
mi". de
possible throuGh the
use of a cooV;l·,~,tiv,:,
of
interJisciplinnry oppro"ch where,
in this pnrticulQr instance,
simple rese<2.yches in Ar;ronomy were happily ,:/ovc:n into the
fVa-
ric of instruction relevantly intccrnt0rl with En~lish 30lr
Appendix D covors [\\ study on the I;Effect of
Di fferent
Kinc1s of Fertilizers
on the Gro",th 01 O:1iollS Il
by
Edwnrc1
Inchrm, Aeronomy Student.
flppondix E CO"er(, a stucly on
the
Studont.
Appenclix E covers Cl field (;xpcl.'imen-l; on ;'1\\
Compar;:c
tivc Study on Two InsecticiCes for the Contl'cl of P"ch:ty
Worm"
by William ftrilbonn o.nd Luis HF\\SWEoni:: j'i.~r0110my St'.ldenls.
Of intar8st nrs sturlies requi~~f of ~ll Food
107 st udents undcr Niss Erlin(~;:.
J 0
Tclz.mtino.. in s truct '')1' 7
who
ably ~uided
hor students
in thoir experiments ~~d
Gtuficusly
E:ditcd their vrrito-ups uS to f()rmi~t) :C-'1i'lic-:;ru style :~n:' c,:ntent.
flrnnng many studies c~n~uct~G by tho F~oJ Techn01nGJ
107
students> only" fOIF! s::mplcs 0.1'8 incO::I')Ol',:tc c1 in i:I)por.diccs
of
this roE-port as follows: (1) !l.pp(;!'c'ix G ., h. s cuc1y On the>
Uti l i -
Uti
- - .
-
-
~
62
I - Control of DiBcnlor~tion in DrieJ 'ersirnmon (Josophine ~.
Tibons); (~) j~ppc~ndix J - Substitution 01 l'i,;" r··!',r:;:l: , 'ior G.)l·~ltil')
in Gelatin Recipos (Felicid~d C. S~pacn); nnd (5) hppendix K
The Performance of Different Br<'.nds of H'"lrcl lilhc«.t FloL'rs in Pan
De S«.l (Hil"ria Dopot).
- .
...
~
r-·
1'
.. ./
RESGLUTICNS P,""SSED J.ND I,FPnUVTm DY TIE.~ nO,.-m C'F
TRUSTEES
OF THE
HC,UNTt, IN S1'.~TE 1,GHICULTU:r(!.L
COLLEG' FROH APRIL 20; 1970 T(\\ FEDHU1J1Y 11;1970
Res. No.
Date
1
Constituting tho Doard of Trustees of
/lpril 20, 1970
the MountDin St:~ltC hcricultur<:ll Col
lege in accorJance with ths provisi~DS
of Section 5-' :R(~public .\\ct no,. 5S!23o
2
Authorizing the dcsi~natirn or Mr. Hor
Jtpril 20, 1970
tencio E. PAtacsil, R~gi5tI~r; to <:lct
t8m;.or'rily ~s SccrGt~ry of the Do~rd
of Trustees -' \\'ii thcut 2c1cli tiuD"ll cem
pens~tion, pendin~ the appointment of
a Colle~c SecretAry who sh~ll ~lso ~ct
D.S DO'~rd Secr8t"o:..'y' JlUL3U;\\tlt to Soc
tion 6, Republic Act No. 5923.
Pertainins to the absorption by nnd
incorpor'-'.tion into the i"bur,t'l.in St;~te
Agricultural Collc[c of the ndmiilis
tr~tivc and superviso2y ofrici~ls, fa··
ctilty-, and ull other F~rsonnol of the
jefunct Mountain Agricultural Collere.
4
Conccrnin~ the absorption of the cur··
rent 1969-1970 budGL
.d plQritill~
of pcrso!l.nel of the 01.0. ;'·101utn:.l. J<:Ti
cultural Collc~e for the or2r~tion of
the Mountain State ;,[;ricultur[~l Col··
Ieee up to tLe end of the fiscr,l y't1.Y:
1969-1970~
5
Authorizinc the contjnunnce of nIl
A.p:,,'il 20, 1970
curricuL'.r offcrine,s cxL;tjni~ <.It )~h~:
time th2 Coll~Ge Came un~2r tho Bo~rd
of Trustees <
6
Authorizine Superintenden D e rtT0 A.
Venturo., ,:\\£3 Officcr··Ll-·Ch:-. ~C(~ I)f L:,e
Noun -({'.in St", te ACri cuI turrl. Colle r;e 0
to D.ttcnd conventi(;;s, con: crcnces;
or Bc~in~rs ~or Public Sch001s BU
perintcndents c~llod by either t~c
-
- - -
-
-~-~
~
~
~-'
/" ..
" .
~./
APPENDIX A
RESCLUTIC:NS P.,.s,'jETj J,rW I,PPHUV:.;D jJY TEl.; ~;O·"iD CF
THUSTE~S
OF THE
W,UN'L",IN S'I':'.TE f,QEICULTUJ-i/,L
COLLEG;: FROi"i !\\.PI<IL 2C" 1970 Tel FEl:.lRU•. nY 11) 19?C
Res. No.
S u b l e c t
--_
Date
....--.....-~.~...-_-_ ...
1
Constituting tho D02rd of TrustD~s of
April 20, 1970
the Mountcin State AGricultural Col
lege in accorGcnce with the provisi'DS
of Section 5, ll0public }ct No
59230
o
2
Authorizing thE: des ir;na tir.n or t1r
Hc'-
April 20" 1970
0
tcncio E. P,..'_tacsil, H0[~istrr:r, to act
temnor~rily ?S Socrct~ry of the Donrd
of Trustees, without ~~diti0n~1 com
pensction, pendins the a~pointm0nt of
0. Colle~c SecretAry who sholl 0180 ~ct
ns Do.,rc1 ,secret2:'y, pUL3u:,nt to Sc;c
tiOD 6, Republic ~ct No. 5923"
3
Pertainins to the nbsorptjo~ by n~d
incoypor~tion into tho NOUItt,-tin St",:te
Agriculturnl Col1o[c of th0 ~dmiDis
trntivQ Clnd sup~rviso~y offici~ls~
fo·
culty, ond 0.11 other p8rsonncl of the
de~unct Mountain Agricultural Collc~eo
4
ConcerninG the absorption of Lhe cur··
f,p::i1 20, 19'70
rent 1969-1970 bucl~~'c
.<1 pJ..i:ll1tillil.
of personnel of tho O:L(l ;'~(nDt.1.:'n h,.:ri
cuI turnl Callcee for the orcr ...... tion :)1
the Mountnin Stnte ;,~;ricult'.lr" 1 Col··
loge up to tLe end of the fisc~l yunY'
1969-1970Q
5
AuthorizinG the continunnce of nll
curriculn.r offcrin[;s oxL:;; tj n;~ 2. t ~~h2
time th~ Col Ieee cnme un8~T tho Bo~rd
of Trustees c
6
Authoyizin~ Suporintenden ?erlTG t.
Ventura, ~,S Officcr~·Ll-Crt: ~r:(: 0f Lie
Mountnin Stnt8 Acriculturn. ColloC a •
to attend conventiG~s~ con: Grances,
or Bo~in~rs for Public SchGo1s ell.
perintcndcnts cn11ed by either t~o
-
- - - - - - - - - -
fjI
.-=
•
64
Res. No~·
the Director of Public Scho(,l::;; Dil'<- c
tor of VocQtional Educ~tion: anJ other
conventions, conferences, etc., that
may be c~lled for the benefit of the
ColleGe, until a permanent Collage
Prewidcnt will hnve been appointed o
7
Concernins the proposal to cro~te the
April 20, 1970
>,.
v'sition of the Presir10nt of the MOUD-'
to in State Acricultural ColleG~' at
P18,ooo.cC per annum, from tho unappro
priated balance of the Collc~e~
8
ApprovinG the list of candi~~tbs for
April 20} 1970
Gr~du~tion for the school ye~r 1969
1970, as presentee, in accordance
with the old DVE set-up.
9
Approvinc in principle the recommen~o
May 25 J l. 970
tion to prepare G supploment~l budGet
for the fiscnl year 1969-1970 that
would pr0vi~e for the cre~ticn of the
positions of AQrni~istrntive Officer I,
Duc':.Cet Officer I J ;,ccount,~ tnt III~
Supply Officer II, on~ Cashier II,
and also for tho inCr8~Ge in s~lary
of the AuJitor; but any Qnd nll )ro
pcsc,ls in sLlie1 sU:;Jplcmt:n t'll buc.1i;et,
however, will be subject to the con
.currence of the incominG Colloco Pre
sident bofore the end of the ~cnJemic
yee-..r.·
10
ApprovinG the Supplomental Bud~;et
that would provide the position of
President of the MounV,in St:1.te f.,'ri
c Itural Collel~G'
.
/
~~ ?18,ocn O. ~~r
annum} from the unnlJrroprinL::d bill :.nce
of the ColleGe, effective
Aprll 20 J
1970; cr,'~tion of 5:cic1 position h:,ving
alrecUy boon ~~thorizcd in ReSOlution
No.7' s. 1970~
- -
- - - ~
.
~
l' ,~ t .::
11
Authorizin3 the Collcgu t~ Grant ser
vice credits with which to offset fu
ture obs0nccs on account of illness
to Mr. Denjnmin D. Dimas; who is on
the te~,chcr I s le,:lve b-~sis] for servi
ces as Acting Principal for the period
A~ril 26~ 1970 to July 4, 1970 •.
12
Nomino.tins Dr. Ih.. ·· 10 M. Santos for the
position of Presi,lem, of the Mountain
St~te Agricultural CollG~e, pursu~nt
to Section 4~ R. A. 5923.
13
Authorizing Mr. Pedro
~. Ventura,
Sup2rintencent] on account of
his
absorption into th0 Mountain State
Agricultural Colle~e] by virtue of
Section 16 of R. A. No. 5923~
to
continue DS Officer In--Charge of snid
Col1e[8 until the appointment of a
Collo[e President.
14
~doptinG a unanimous resolution of
u~precintion to Superintendent Podro
h. Venturn for l~yinc out the
groundwork for the conversion of thu
Mountain St·""te "cricul turDl Colle.r;e,
and also in reco~niti0n of his
spl~ndid accomplishments in spite
of difficulties for the prarr~ss
and welf2re of the defunct Mountnin
Agricul tur:ll Collc;;e c
15
ConfirminG the It.~ves (If nbsences
Oct, 13, 1970
, :
of the hereun~8r-nnmej personnel
of the HountClin Sttlte j,t;riculturnl
Colleg0:
1. 1'1I' • flrno..n\\'o D~ F/UT'.CS
2. Mr. Domin~o Q. CnsiD~n
3. Mr. Alojnn~ro D. Cnstro
4. Mrs. Emmn D. Keith
16
Confirmin~ the appointments of the
Oct. 13, 19'70
four hercunder-nnmcd personnel of
MShC on the same cnnditions ns prG
pose~1 except Nos. 2, 3 <:lnll 1+ whOSe
solnries were incro~sod from ?2808.00
to ?2880.00 per nnnum. e~ch to con
form with the Minimum W~Ge LR~:
66
Res. No.
1. Mr. J,rnD-n(~() D. lIunes
r
." ..
2. Mr. D~rio D. D~mpi13g
3. Mr. Percival D. ~lipit
L~ .. l''Iiss Ntlncy O. :)ot<;n[~t:.n
17
1\\.pprovin{:; the Principill Sp~}ci('l ~~u,:'
Oct. 13~ 1')70
get of the Callose, ~6 presented, in
the a80unt of ?66l,400.0o, ~nct the
accolTI):tnyinc; l'lmitilln. of Personnel,
fiscnl year 1970-1971, subjoct to
th~ coneiti~ns set forth hy the
Bo~rd of Trustees.
18
~~~r0vin0 the Princip~l S)~ci01
ud
Oct. 13, 1970
Get of the Dep~rtment of Milit~ry
Sci~nca nnd T'cticB af the Coll~GeJ
o.a )re,'3,'nted, coverinG <1. total
umount of Y4,068.00.
19
VCllidttinr~ the 2..ppointmcnts of
Oct. 13 ' 1970
Messrs. Sydnay E. Mareato and
Johnwcl C. Taynn, as Instructor
lane' F",rest GuCtrd, re[;pectivcly,
proviously ilpproved by th~ Bureau
of Vcc~tiona1 Education and the
Civil S€rvice
Commission, subject
to the C';;DlLiti';n thnt th8Y be Gel ...
jus ted in sCtlary throu~h sal.:lry
adjustment notices cff~ctive
Scptcmb~r 1, 1970 in order to con
form ,·.i th the new W;',PCO r,,," tes for
their respectiv0 positinns.
20
t,ppr(wil"c: the n~)l)oilltn(;nt of Mrs.
Oct. 13, 1970
Ec1n,:" .'.
Chua as Secon(~.-\\ry School
Tc:,chc:r uncler tempore_ry (su;lsti
tutc) 8&~tuS' ~t P28Bu.oc ~vr nn
num, effective July 13, 1970.
21
li~'pr('vinc the rC::llJl)cintmeon.ts, un
der tumvor~ry st~tus (substitute),
~t ~2880.0G pur nnnun, of Mr.
Fer ci v ro,l B. j' - i 'yi b
e f fed I:,i 'of <:
July 16, 1970, ~nd Miss Nnncy O.
Dcten~~n effective July 17,
1970.
-
-
-
-
-
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.'
67
i. '
~,
TIcso No~
,~.
, '
,
(J
c t
- - - ;
22
Approvin~ th~ j.r0moti :n~l n0point
OcL 13
J 9', ('
ments, 2ff0Ct~v~ July 6, 1970, of
the: fGllJ." ~1(;Y.}l::Jl(~(;1.··'.:lnme{1 !ncmbcrs
of the L~,ul1 ereil_ S;, c'" '~i;ricul turnl
C,,118 [;'" ~
1
l\\...~..'( {Jc·t=),. Jo ~L,ubric~.l
0
r::3 J,,~s:.i.bt~.l~t
instructor
2" t:t..L'S,-, r,le-;"'.:, :::'l~i"~L Ij~ r;L,~'rc,:-,do:i
,'l;.)
'~r~ '.> t i'-' ::. ~(
I
3. ~1r;_;
L, t
0
Cj JU,lC 1':'_8c ()~
::._; ;i.:,siEj:,~·:'D'G
~~~!.lsty-uctor,
o.ntl
4. fii'~.'" NuL' C, 1':1.):: __
''-L· Gu_i~:.D.n(;~~ C·--'cr::'_in(ltor
23
UI), ;r, c.1-)_ --i~ th;:; ~'nn!,;,_ and sal ~,ry of
Oct. 13, 1970
tl1c fel" {··vlir.l:.,; "."..dr.1i.njstr·"),ti~vC'
l)cr .....
sonnQl~ ~ffcctiv~ J~ly 1; 1969) in
ilccor~~0ce ~ith the Su~;l~montr:.l
:ju.:\\::-:::-c ;'(":, L
";i8C;:1 yc::--...r 1969-1970:
1 0 ~~·i~~..
D~
I
T...I,:lVl::-ldl,1.
T <)
tc-:q;:tn
2.:1
IIII.L'()
I:m:Jif;(' Cf1.i.S(;
24
Approri"~ ~h' ~ppointment of MI'
OcL 13, 1970
'Ec:odoro 1:;. 1'l:rC:L50 flo Clerk I, un
der 11Cl'i-j~JCl11ent st~.tus;. IZc"t_n;~v 30;,'
at 'c'f'880"OC 1)"J:' 0.nnu:n, effective
upon aSG11mption (',l 2u~yo
hpprovin~ the 12r:.vcs nf nhs~ncc
Oct. 13J 1970
of the: 'L:_' _-:,:~d(-r-n_ :;. r1 p"rsonncl
Gf ttl(' :In-Irt:~in Stolte d.r;r·icu1tu
rc:l CellC'''';,' ,-1.S prc-,~I,:_ltcd:
.
L
t):'". IY::J
-.:.s ;". f.lip:i_t
r":".,
'ii'. ]i'[...ll:.c,' _Ln-,:,)
G.
JI(;rmnno
3 c .tvL " br,,,TI2.. J. 1\\.{::_ t h
L:, l-r
Ncli':'l no P:l,:
50 ~17::;Q Ct;.l·~ ..'Ji:i1\\.."\\ In Dimns
26
A~j~jrovinc: tb.~ fo11c --inc; r,~·:r.s('nr~c1
Oct. J3~ 1970
milt tt"I' ~
:L ;,p-,--~,~LC:',ti.orl for I'vtil-em,}nt
l~.nl. :.sr R" ..:, fJ 6(=",), ~..7:) )~nh:_~n:,lec.l;1
01' :·.Ilrs~.
~'I.~trc::.'·l:Ltl c~ Dinzo
2" GY'("'~ c'inoi~ ..... f Gt.".:r\\Ticc cX'(:',l,i ts
-ce'
-:_~fse t f,: 1.;'..'1'(; :,bscnces 0n
I~.: -:(, ~;U~lt G:"' :-1.1 Y'1.8SS L~O ~!Ir l)
Ij\\;l1~-i ~mirL I; 0 Dj.rn,1)3 -' Sc: ·-:c,n~:,':i.ry
-
-
---~~-
~
II
.....
68
D <J. t e
---_._
School Te~chcrJ for his vnca
tion service ns hctinG Princi
pal coverin~ the period April
27, 1970 to July 4, 1970;
3. R8sii]'.ation of 1"lr • Bartolome
A. LicuJine from his position
~s Clerk I, effective August
If, 1970; c:.nc1
4. Request of Miss Rosa C. Catn
l~n for n chan(e of civil sta
tus ~nd n~me as Mrs. Rosa C.
~bnstilla on account of her
mnrriasc to Mr. Rodolfo T.
11 b;t s til L'l 0 n M2 y 28, 1 970 0
27
AuthorizinG the Officer In- Chnr[0
Oct. 13, 1970
c,nd/or ColIc'," Pl"esillent:
l~ To ap?rove ~pplicntiona for
vac~ticn and/or sick 18~ves
of absence vith or without
pay of colloC8 personnel
not cxceedinG 30 cnlenc1nr
d~ys; and officinl tr~vels
of MS~C stoff nnd personnel
outside their stntinn except
places ,vi thin nn:] yeyon(1
M"nilc:. o
2. To approve the dcsiG~ntion
of tho follow inc MSAC person
nel, QS prescnted~
n. Mr. Denj~~in D. Dimas~ Secondn
ry School TencherJ nS In-Chnrfc
of the Secondnry Department,
b. Mr. Fr~ncisco J. CGnuto, School
F;l.rmin:~ Cc'ordino..tor, llS ;,ctinS
Fetrm H,~.n~'.[er,
c. Mr. C~rlos T. Bunsen, Seconda
ry Sch(1,"'l Te:,chGr, as 1',c t ing
School Fo..rmiD~ C00rJinGt0r,
d. Mr. Osc~r D. Limvin, Clerk I,
as hctinG Accountant I, nnd
o. Hr. L:,w::J.nr'. T. J"tc,:<,r::tnJ .'.:1rni·
nistr:,tivc l°,r.'si,st,~nt I, an
~ctin~ nuf~et Officer.
',
69
s u b ;j c c t
3. To enter into an ~Grccmont with
th~ TIoD0rrble Provinci~l Go
V(;Tll0r for tho use of thi; ()l(~
C~ll~ge builGinc t n b~use the
D(~n;:;uc t Gene ral TIOS;) i tnl,
\\,ith the ccn:'ition th;l.t t1w
ssiJ old buildinG be rep12ced
~ith one (1) Marcos type pre
Iabric,tQu buildinc to be
erected by the Province else
where on the colle~e reservo
tion, an~ ~ith two (2) more
pre-fnbric~teC buildin~s in
cluc.1inr.; ~>20,COO.OC for their
er~ction as 800ft ns the first
prc-f,briclt~J buildin~ will
have been er~cted.
28
C(~n firminl: Su:;plement::ll Duc1 -;et No. - 2,
J'ob. 11, 1971
in th~ ~m0unt of P35,128.oo, of the
M~unt,in Strte hBriculturnl Collerc
fOT tn..; .~urchnse of nne (1) sub
r~C:TsilJl(· r,'~ter pumj) rene: ono (1) srLla
Bet fnr the office of the Collese
PreGi<-~f:;nt<>
29
Apprn\\in~ Supplemental nu~~et No.1,
Feb. 11, 1971
in the :,muunt of 'C"5,028.OO inst,:ncl
of th~ proposed ?6~551.00, c0vcrinB
the sc..l<:sy incrc:',ses nn(:jor 2,.(1,jtwt
ments ~nd ?~yment of arrCRTS of
Goverpmont sh~res for the GSIS
life and retirement premiums of
the f(}lo~i&G personnel:
1. For sollry ndjustments n8
presented:
,_~ Mr. Fnu(,tinC' G. llermc.no
b. Mr. Marec Sison
en Miss S~lti] H~ M~rtinez
?; For payment of arronrs in
rnvLrnment sh~res of GSIS lif2
ond retirement preoiums as
presented:
a. Lucrecia ~. Mnrcos
~. Mr. MiRuel C. nul~tao
c. Mrs. F~liciJnd Jo Fcrn~n~ez
- - - - - ~
I
- '
II
70
S u b .i e,c t
D Q t c
30 For is L:.l'y' (.i.justments on "c
count cd' rc c l',E;~:,-L fi c~tj, on in
;)OG it i Gns:
Do
Br. IJ[':. ',rUle''. T. ~'J: t C', :~\\n) C'.n(~
11. Mr. Dorni,nr;o E. G:':rin, but the
d~te of ef~~ctivity sholl os
Ji,nu~.X'y 1, 1971, inste:;(l of
July IJ 1970.
40 For snl~ry ndjustrncnts of Mr.
Empiso Cniso, incrorsed from
::--"3918.19 to '2440.4.oc per nnnum,
effective Jnnunry 1, 1971.
30
Gr,ntinD authority to thE' Colle r;c Pre
Feb'. IlJ 1')71
si,,'.cnt t,:. issue "1)lJ 0 i.ntm'nts to (''-Dd
pay the s21nries of the followinG
pe rsonncl:
I. Those upsrnJed in snlnry,
0.. Hr. Nicomedes 1•• ;.liIJi t
b. Hrs. Noemi ;: • .s~·.Jrino
c., Mrs. Hemedias T. Qr\\rci"
2~ 'Thos€'
recln.Gsified in I.Jof:.,itilO.ns,
~ffective July 1, 1970:
a. Miss ~rGcnin F. Delizo
~. Mrs. Celcrina C. Villa
c. Mrs. Is~bcl D. n~binn
(10 ~![rs. Teo :,oro.. Z. ~1r'nro(;
32
ii~)1'r" vi 11;". the :~r':"moti:)h[1.1 C\\;.,~;()intment
of the:: -I':;llov.Jinr; tw"nty-f'iur (c?4)
f'1(:::nt C;"S of the ft\\culty ,~,ncl \\.,'r.1l')lcyc~.s
of thz; Hount2..in St-:te i~i--;-ricultUTc.l
ColI,,':;;: :
1· Mr. Benjamin ~. Dim~B '6
Sc:cc'ud,,',ry J'Griculturnl l'rin
c ip<'i.l II;
2~ ~r. Jose R. Florcn~~ ~s
;~ur,,:rvi.sor 0f Stude-nt Tc~.chini;;
3. ~iss hrGcnin F. Delizo ~s
S~G0nd'ry School He~~ T0~ch~r
III (HanJ, R~lnt~d Subjects
i\\~ j..1:Lrtl1'len t)
4c Mr. Francisco J. Canuto os
~Griculturnl Pr0j~cts Coor
''lin'\\ter II;
5<' :;'i1 r . IJlc'iSr)S ~}"t i\\'l'l.n(:;·'.~·J-j.t as
Instructcr IT;
-
- - - - -
..
.
R0,S 0
No.
D -,
t e
-_.~_.-
6. }'1r o !ilcjt:.nc1ro D. C:-::"strc ~lS
Instructor II;
7. Mrs. Letty June L. P~sco ns
Instructe, r I;
8 0 Hr. JOS(; D. LubricD as
Inn truct,';r I;
9. Mrs. Drsulet C. Pur8Z us
Junior Collc(e Instructor;
10. Mrs. Cnrlot~ V. Lubricn as
Juni".r ColJ,8;~c Instructor;
11. Mr. H~n6en G. S~uY8n as
hS8istnnt Instructor;
12. Hr-. Ro,1clfo T. f'!)~lstilln ,1.8
Assistnnt Instructor;
13,. Mr • . ,(:1rQ.LlnO T. Gibson ns
Assi5t~nt Instructor;
14.., Mr o C.:Lrlos T
nU(\\... 8cn ~1S
9
Schonl F~rmin~ Coordinator;
15. Mr. Lucrecia ~. M~rcos as
He.~,vy Equipment O])cr,'l. tor;
16. )11:r'. D: do B. D:~,Yrt('en ['LS
Nursery F~rn Foremrtn;
17. Mr. Osc'l.r D. Lirnpin as
DOc)kk0CpCr I;
18. Mr. Dnmulo Q. hpolonio ns
Collei..;'-;; S8c['(:t-:,ry I;
19. Miss S'l.luct H. Mnrtinez us
R~cord Officer I;
2(0 Mr o
/l.w 1rcs C. M.'l.fn"ril aD
Duycr;
21. Mr. Modesto,V. Gonznles ~s
Senior Shop Electrician;
22~ Hr. F.:.:lipc R. Tbl:-.:nt:-,s
S tore kG',; pcr I j
23. Mr. Tnm~s M. Jcnit as
ScnLJr S<;"curity Gu:,rc't j ,-Ul(~
24. Mr. Francisco ~. V~rsozn as
Dr i-yl..: r ..
33
ApiJX'ovin,; the; ch<..rl,'c in b·"'(:i.~et i tl~ms
r (; b 11 ~
0
1971
oi .Mr. Hcmo!).() E. Monroe, hr. DG'lCtrio
S.. S ':.~,.j-.; 1"'"""'.. > ~'11'1~ 1 }'1 r., .:o'o.1Ht:..nc i 0 fJ. ~ Cru z >
nIl S,;c:'Y'I.:·Ty Schc(~l ':L\\'/l.chc·ys of thu
Mcuntnin E)t~~tc ".,;ricultuTuJ. Col1(;.::I.:.
- - -
-
- - - -
-
-
-
-
-.:~..
72
R~s. No.
S u b j 0~~
------
D a t e
34
!<:':C.,rovin/: the ori;:inn1 L,: 'l',oin tmcn ts
()f ,six (6) f:-:culty r'lcrnbc2's <:(nc1 one
(1) em~lcy\\.8 of the Mountain Stnt~
f~;~riculturCLl Collers:
1. Soc~n·:~ry School Tc~chers:
2 . Mis~ Nancy o. Doten~D.n
b. Mrs. Mnrc~linn R. C~rlos
c. Mrs. ·Esthor T. Gonzales
d. Mrs. Erln<:t IL. Chua
2. Mr. D~rio D. D~mJilnc
f. Mr. Percival D. ~lipit
2. Security GU0r~:
2.. Mr. !"luki L", bu t;..,n
35
J\\~Yrrov in[~ the ch::m':~ ir: ~~~: ,'1lJ~)oint
ment st.?tus) fr0m ",)r{:·v lSlon:"'.l to :)e r
maDC'nt, of Mrs. T0n~ora E. Dulnto.o as
SccGn~~ry School T~nch~r, Rnn~a 32,
~t ?3066.34 pGr annUA, effective June
18, 1966, pursuant to Scctinn 5, R.~.
1~670.J .-nel Section 2, TIule X (,f the
s,~me ,", ct.
36
hpfrovins the lo~ve nf nbsence app1i
FE:b. 11, 1971
c;ctinDS ryf hr. ldil,'lDC10 D. nunes, Ac
count.:'.nt I of the Collc!;·2, "tn:'. !'irs.
Teoc}or, E • .;ul::'.trlo, Secc'l1ll,:lry School
Te~cher, 'of the Mount.:'.ln St~te AGri
cultur~l Colleec~
37
Gr~ntinc ~uthority to the President
Feb. 11, 1971
of tho C'-,11,,[;e:
1. T{) '1ppr0vc v~cntinn ~n{l sick
le~vG6 of absence with or Bith
out jY:l.y for not l'1nr(;-
tlk,n 3ix
months, rnnt0rnity le,vc of
.-'b,,:;crlce 'i-lith fF'!,lf or full pay,
stu.~:y le,:~v(: ~.·f {tbBcDCfo; "lthout
p,--y fc'r n '':, me"·re tt,:,n on(~ (1)
::lcr1.T;
2 .. ~\\:'':'')lJoint nn( :lr~y the s,',l.::cries
of ccrL"in t·,' ':chin:: personnel
"\\ir'h:-)fic"
Cir·-.. I'~intmcnt~·;. :I.rc fn. ...r'~;r,r:.])l;"
cLCt'_',1, u}'(·n IJ:y the D:v,rd ('f
~·"'lGtGC':S"
73
.. '
RE:S. No.
S ~ l: ;j (l. C t
-----
D 0.. t <:;
4
To fill non-tcnchinc positions
0
-::endin[l; c('nfirrrv1. tion by the
Dc~r~ of Trustees anrt nttestn
tion by the Civil Service Com
l:1i5Sion;
5. To employ (urin~ the summer
SGSl;.ion professors ,f:com other
chnrtcred collcS2s and univer
sities, supervisors from the
Durc3u of Vocntionnl Educntion
nnrt/or Bureau of Public Schools
nnd other technicnl men from
covernmont ~gencics or priv~te
in1ustrics who possess specinl
tcchnicnl nnJ professional qun
lific3tions.
Dis2)provin(:1 as Cl m<:ctter of :,olicy
the request L)±' Mrs. LiCnyc:. R. S i80n
t" ·;1.ut U l ) D. ref:c~shm[;nt 5-Cc.'rl: b(;
side th0ir cottace on the Collc~e
Camous, for to ~rant th~ request would
S8t up n ~r0cGdent that will be inimi
c21 to thG interest of the Collo[e~
and dir0ctinc the Presi0cnt of the
College to inform in writinG Mrs.
Sison of the action by the Do~rd on
the requc;st.
39
Approvinc the requ~st of Mr. Dnmin~o
Feb. 11, 1971
Q. C0.siwnn, Scc(:r;:~,:try School Tc,ch2r,
to roturn to duty before th~ expir~
tion ~f his approved 1~av8 nf ClhS8Dce
without pay on April 24, 1971, but he
shall be required to submit a written
explnnntion satiGf~ctory to the Col
lC[~e President.
40
GrantinG nuthorit- tc the Collc~c to
Feb. 11, 1971
pay h.oncr.::..ri[l te· TJ~nche rs erlc:-~g,-~{~ in
production projects: but subject to
the conditions G~flnt~d to the rnlG~0n
N~tionnl Agricultural Collece.
41
ILquestinc l\\tty. J,ndres R~ j,s.si:"tin.,
Director of Voc,'l.tion.--:l Ecluc:'.ti,m,
nnct mo~hcr of tho Doar~ ~f Truste8sJ
to etudy the possibility of ~jvinG a
position to Superinten~c~t ~o~ro h;
...L·
----------
-
-
- -
- -
-
TIo::s. -No.
D a -t: e
Ventur:, ],D tIl<; Durcccu, by hn-vine the
latter 0xchuncc: 111Clc,;,s with nn~gri
cuI tu 1'.,1 sehoul BUlluTin ten(~cnt vlho
is ~cccpt~b1~ to the stude:nts nnd
to'Ccl-krs of the Hount<'.in St"te ~\\t\\ri
cu1tur~= ColleGe.
42
GruntinG Quthority to the ColleGe
Feb. 11, 19~1
Presidcilt tC' O~jlloint Miss t1arcclina.
C.':l-rurmn[S<7_n nB erne rgcncy le. borcl', t\\ t
pS.OO par working d~y, effective
DGcemb~r 1, 1970, in the Mountuin
S t--: to 1\\i~ri cu1 turc.l Colle Ce •
Confirmin~ r0furendn ~~tcd November
Feb. 11, 1971
19, 1970,~Dccember lS, 1970, D.n~ D~
comboI' 21, 1970, rc~~r~inG thu 18~v8s
of ~b8cnceB of Mrs. T~n~or~ E. Dul[\\tno
~n2 Mrs c Emffl~ ~. Keith, nnd th~ appoint
~0nt of Mrs. Mnrcelinn n. C~rlos ns Se
cGnr:~ 'ry School Tv~~ch(;r-, rcs~)ectively.
I
------------
- -
75
AP1'ENDIX B
PL:,CEMENT OF TIC G.Ri,DU;\\'TES OF TIlE 7CC;,TIU:;,L TI~.. Cln::;( EDUC;,'TIGN
PROGRA1'1 OF 'rIU::: rJC'UPT1', IN STl, 'l'E !,GliICULTUTi.. .L CliLLEGE)
1958- 1970
NIccr1LDES I.. ,'.LIPIT
Her..(1) Col18 g0 DCli,::-:.rtr:w nt
IntroJuction
Looation ... -~ The Moun tnin Sttt to J.i;ri cu1 turD..1 Co11e::e
is
situ.'.te': in tho 'picturesque L'::t Trin:i.,1:,,(~ Vo.lley) Ct sc.::.nt
six
kilometers north of DUGuio City.
It is one of the scenic
and
beauty spots in the suburbs of D~Guio.
Estahlishment an~ Curricula. - First established in J~~e~
1916 then known ~s TriniJr..~ F~rm School) it has crown in
its
curricular off0rings when in 1949 the 0Fle.·Yc.-tr Post-S",c()n-'.-,ry
Fr..rm Mechnnics r..n0 on June 14) 1954 tha Two-Yoar Acricultural
Course, were opened.
On June 13, 1955 the Four-Yc~r
A~ricul-
turul E'ucati;,n Cllrriculum repl.~.. cocl the rrwo-Ye~.r
i\\·cricultural
b~ucutinn with its first b.::.tch of DSAE ~rnJu~tGs turnc~ out in
1958 0
Then on July 1) 1959) <: Four-Ye-"r t,;~ricultur01
HOT'1e
rno.kin,: Curricu:V\\r
WOoS
off<..;r,;.} with its first h'). tch of
r:;r::d.u" tes turne ~ out in 1963.
1\\.11 thes: c('uroCJs on the co11o
Gi~t~ 18vel WC~G under the Jiructinn Qn~ control of the Jur~nu
of rublic Sch8c;ls, 10. ter taken ovc:r by the: I~ur(;iLU of
VocQ.
t i 0nn 1 E(~u CC'.. t ion.
'fhe Coll(;1.;e 1x,c.-,me D. st.,te ectuc"\\.ti0uo.l in5titutinn
by
virtue of R. A. 5923 0nactect without Executive
hpprnval
on
- -
-
~
'/6
June 21" 1969; but the Collc"c l'c-IT:;.tinecl under 'the Dur\\..·"..·.1
of
Vocational EJucnticn
until
.. ~ril 20, 1970
when
incumbent Supe:T'inten(lent Peelro 1,. Venb.::ri.'- ·.;IGslesicn"tc!l
'..J~.'
\\
the Do:' rc.1 of Trllst"ss c:.t:3 Officer-In-Ch,~, ..r(;e
of
the
Coll.(; ~c,
Dr. GrunD M. S~ntos took ovor the
n~ministr~tion
he
Ctssumec1 his .;uty Ct.S iecting President of the Cnllc);c on
r._...•_.... _.
Stu(:ents, about 95% 0±' 1jlhom .-:1.rf: r·;ounto.ineers-, come from
::111 secticns of the Philip>ines.
''.Iith the exce)tion
cf
::t
few studG!lts wh'.' resi'e:in the locnlity, ,,11 live
in
the
stuJent-f:-.rmc:Y'sJ cc'tt.::',:u:; Cln:~ dr<rmitories of the school
nnel
in p~rtment houses loc~t0d just ~cross the street from
the
CClmpus~
climate, it hets n very ha~vy rninfall uhich 15
u:t:.oqunlly
Septemlx'r o.ncl October~
The :rciny
S'_;.~·.son 1[; from
July
to
October.
It hi~::; :c very lonr; dry sc(~son C:urini; the m(;nths of
November. December, Jnnuary, February, nnd N~rch.
1he
c11'y
Se',E,cn is frem DecembG:r cc ivbrch.
Li,,;ht r ...... ins fnll :i.ntcrrtlit
tently durin~ ths summlr months of ~Dril an.l May.
-
- - - - - - -
,
77
duccd to 1,710 0 33 hectares which WGr0 further dininisn~a ~y
Presidential Pr0cl~mation 209 t~ ~bout 600 hectares on
tho
valley floor 01 the reservation.
D~rely 0nc-third of 600
hect~r8S Or 37% of the school rcscrv~ti0n is arablo
~nJ
The texture of the soil rnnG0s from clay thrOUGh s~ndy
to Grovelly soiL
Of thc; Gchool 1:,r:~1, i}1Jout 30%
is
clny··
IORm, 20% snn~y-IoQm alon~ the riverside, ond 50%
GY0velly
soil in the hilly nnd rocky portions of thc school rusurvn
tion.
Crops }:l.i~o~. - The m:,j or crops :,re IG'!-;umcs 1 potu toes,
cabbaces, cauliflower, colery, tomato, Qn~ oth8r ve~etab188
....~
In ~etween the major nn0 ~inor crons arO nutiv0
flo
wers un-:~
orhhi(l.s us well ::1.8 !.meric:'n flovers which
are
sr0Wl1 quit2 extensively i.n th,; !1ount.:'.in St..-,tc Agricultur,~:l
CollC"~e..
f\\nimuls l1C'-ised. - Rais,d in tho Collece "rc
ccttle:
rnbbits 7
and ~oultry.
Fruit Trees. - Under expcriment0l busis, the
sehnol
discovered thnt certnin v. rictiC'5 (If fI'1.1it trees C.7,D thrive
well in MS~C~
hm0n~ these nre v~rieties of the ~rnbic),Li-
berien, Snn R,mon nnd NGtive or DerGu~t types of
coff08.,
78
Purpose of the Paper
. .
~ - - -
3 r ,(1uC'.tcs of the DS1,E
an(} DSAH
d8r;ree
curricuJJl
of the
Actually) tho c:r'l.c1untes cov8rwl in this rou::h
are those who finished the two
prescribeJ courses
of· tho
Dur~'l.u of Voc~tional E~ucntion which pres· ntly o.re still beinr;
continued
by the
Mountain St,te f.;:ricul tural Collcr~~e
until
the ColleGo shull hnve ex~nndert its curricular offerinGs to in-
elude coller~ic:tG ;~nd c;rndur1.tcc courses l8::.~~inG to ]S1;.,
MSIIT, and MSt within tho ~urvi0w of R. A. 5923 to c~rry out the
prcvide ~rofes6ioncl, technicc:l, o.n~ spccinl trainin3 ~nd
pro
mote reso('.rch, c]xtc.nsinn services, nnc~ pr:)crr;;ssi vo
in thE.: fiolds of .::t~;ricul ture o.ncl tc;chnclogy .. rr
Tho primary <>bjeetive of the jjS:.E curriculur.l is to
tr'lin
n~riculture tc~chers for n~riculturnl high schools anJ
r;en(;ral
o.c-.;.demic hii~h 8chools with s(:con(~::ry nit,s for thcm to be
('..b18
to tC[leh o.i~riculture in thc' lower· c;r.ttlcs ',net fer ther"! to
emb:-::.rk
on their own ::'8 fnrmers in their (;,-m rc,sF0ctive locclitics. Like
wise, the primary objective of the DS~H curriculum is to
train
homo I3C0r.1';flics t(;ilChers for Cl[:ricul tur::tl hir;h schools ,::,_n~: GenerJ1
o.c:-,(emic hiC;h schoi)ls vli th ,secon(1:,ry Clims for them teo be ::.ble
to
t,::-,ch hene <..-'conornics in the lovicr r:rn,les .:'.nrl for them to
emb:-lrk
on their own'lucr'o.tiv8 business in thE;ir C'\\'Jll res1cGctive
cer::C!]uni
tries.
-
~
79
......... -"
Scope Gnd Limi b~jc:~_of tho Di SC<li3Sion
The f'.iscussion is limiti.:'c~ to the loc··'.tion or ~;IC1.CCrrleEj~ .OJf
curricula of tho Durcnu of Voc~tionnl EJucntion.
It dou-,; not cover the plncement of Gr::>,llur,tes
frof,1
the
second~ry n~riculturc nnd agricultural homemakinG prOGram
as
well as the PT'\\lu~,tes of the One-Yenr Post-Secon1t·ry Ftn'm
Me
chanics Course now b~ins offer0J in the Collego.
Dn
Used in the Survey
; ' -
" . W !
on the numbor of students enrolled nn~ on the number of
gr8"
du~tes turne~ out ev~ry yenr fr0~ 1958 to 1970~
The inf'~('!llnti':'n on the list c.f ;:'i::encics or ernl)loycrs thnt
by
the
Office pith thosc~ who from tine to time~ pay their
cnurtosy
who attend tIL: l-iE:;i,C l\\lur:mi l<cunion cVE:ry Y0,-~r ~lu:rinc comrnencc
mcnt oX8rciscs"
- .
30
Results
_ _ _
.
and Discussinn
•••-c.".....
. . . -
_
Dnsed 0n the dot n ~vui1~b1e ~t th0 CD1IB~e, nn nnalysls .f
of interest in this papcr~
The ColloCe turned out the first bntch nf DStH
in 19~)8; it turn<.7rl out the first batch of DS/,ll f.r:'dui~tes in 1963,
The discussicn on thoir placement is limit~d to the total numher
of 355 nSAE sraduntcs turner} out from 1958 to 19'10 rend to tho to-
t~l number of 166 3SATI Gradu~tes turnGd out from 1963 tn 1970n
"
;
-
-
- - - - - - - - -
,
I ~
co
TADLS ..I'
DISTRF~UTION OF ~1S1.C TJSI,E GD"DU~':::.s ,',CCC~:DnlG "1'(.' ~;,~j C'~'( iI£;LD,':;il
1958-1970
Ivb,ior Fi:.:ld.s
1958
_...~, ..........~.--~
].972 1960
196~ 19f>2 19?3 !-_96[. 1965 19.66 1967 .~}68 19§1 !-~~:?C TL~Ti'h
1;, Gc' P (: ""'ll
!~;'J'icul turc
16
24
30
20
24
0
0
0
C
0
0
0
0
l l L•
2. /':~ron0my
0
0
0
0
0
10
3
10
2 1+
12
20
35
22
136
30 ftnir~(l.l
' \\
1-] US I; '""'.ndr)t
0
0
0
\\.'
0
9
3
7
9
10
10
2C
Ie
78
4o.'<-Ti (;ul tU'r<~l
En;;;in,'orinG
0
0
0
0
4
2
4
4
'lit
.J
4
4
_?L
1""6-
36
~
30
20
2°
Lf -
23
T'
° 19 37 2b 35 59
35,5
Tn'Jlc I s}ln'iJS thu totCll numb<.:Y of 355 JSfLE ;':r~,~u{~t(;S with their mn.jors from IS/58 t~) 1970
::rcken Clc;vm ::'8 tc:'.bul"',t,-,(~:
Genc:r~l J.:':ricult'J.re~ 114; ILL~ronorI1Y' 136; flnir.1.::tl Husb,:-,n;'ry, 73; r.·.n(~
AGricultural Encinc\\.rinG~ 27~
82
DIS'l'RIDUTICN OF HS,',C J1S -: Cn"IJu:. T.';S [,CCcrEJING TO
M:JOH FIELD, 1963-1970
Food Technolocy 14
21
2
16
17
20
46
3°
166
Table II shows the totnl number of 166 BS~H Gra0untus
with
Food TechnoloGY as their major from 1963 to 1970 bro
ken down us t~bul,tcd nbove.
T,'.DLE III
SUM!"i/.;cy OF '1'OThL l"lSflC COl.LEGT,; G1li.DU:,TES t.CCO~[)ING
TO DEOnEE COUl<SES
Inclusive YE;:,r
No. of Yrs.
TO'1'/,L
l~ Dnchelor of Science
in t;'rictl Q E~ucn-
tion
1958-1970
12
355
2. Bachelor of Science
in'_; ;ricul tur:J.l
HomemakinG
1963-1970
7
521
( j t . C 1
Q.~ • •
Tc:ble III SUmm"'j~lZeS the totnl of 521 colleG" [~r:.,,~u:-: tOG
uccorc1ini: to (:CCrc0 cc,ursas of which 355 .:1re n.s:.E nnd 166 n.ra
- - - .
~:M1LE IV
PL/.CEMENT (~F 355 ~SI.E GR;,DUj/~I:.s ;,CCOnJJU1G TO
l'L'UCn FEJ...DS ~
1958-19'70
(Fi :ur~.o3 um~er (j:~ch mo.jor field inclic:~tc the number ,yf' ["1':-" ,u~tc<:;
oml'loyed in ~l[;c:ncies.)
A
'
When) t";r,::.(lu~.tes
Gen.
Jl[~rO
"Ul.
f,r,ric r 1.
-:'-..1'0 irp;)loy~c1 -
t~7;riC•
no my
Hus~).
EnVoI'.
TOT,r~
1. Gc noro.l Of
fice, DrS
l
0
0
0
1
0.3%
2. Di visi')h Cf
fice·, DPS
l
1
0
0
2
0.6%
7
..). Calle['o Te',chint;
1
1
2
0
4
1.2%
4. S E-~C. ;L,";r ic 0
SC'hor'ls
10
14
8
10
42
llo5%
5... Gen. Ae;' ·l.L1.dc
H. S&
2
~.
2
1
9
L6%
6
Elem. Schools
98
5~'
22
2
176
50'-7%
.
7.. fI.PC-PJ',CD
0
42
30
6
78
21.4%
8. GMTFM
0
2
0
0
0
c.6%
9. Dur. of I b.nt
Industry
0
1
1
1
3
0.9%
10. Dur. of i\\nimo.l
InrJustry
0
0
1
0
1
0 •.3%
lL PUI'Su.iDi' Gr:'.'~
Courses
0
l
1
1
3
C.9%
12. Mt. Province
Dev. f,uthori ty
0
3
3
3
9
2.7%
13. Pri v'; Lo }'irrns
0
0
/
7
1
17
5.1%
14. Un.lo rC'1:; .,1 oye: c-
C.rmj' Gffic;rs,
or~cl j'.11)S ether
tho.h t<"~'chinG)
etc.)
1
2
2
3
8
2.3%
TOTI,L o • '0..
114
13b
W-
27
0
355
100.0%
-t
1
c~n ' De
1
'
~ cancel
clemen t:u'y
nu,;c!tl(;.'nt 2,'cchnicL.i.ns-, 4···H Club Officers, or l{uYo.l Youth Officersj
-
•
only 42 or 1105% or0 hoppily employed ~B ~~ricultur~ te:chars
in sccond~ry ~~riculturnl schonls; ond only 9 or 1.6% nr0 em
.... .... ~ -
cultur~ os his major nnd IntoI' finisheJ his MS nt the UPCh, is
0. Gcn~:rC'-1 Office Su::)(;rvisor of the .]urc.nu of I'ulJlic
ScIl(;")lsc
,",noth::;r GS .. ·S Cr·,·'tv.t::
of 1958 ,\\'ith w:3tnre-l units is C'- Divi
sion VocD.tiono.l ;.. ricultuI'l: Su::)ervi.scr in the
Divisir/!1
of
, .::
Schools for :)en1.;uut nuJ.: .:ll1oth·. I' SSii.E t;r'-'.du:,te of 1960 with
~
r:l2.jor in il!,;rnnomy Clnd with HS d"Cr(:c from the University
of
'
Pokist2.n lS u Division Vocntionnl hrriculturc Supervisor
in
the Division
of Scho01s for IfUGao~
Thu ~ntD. discio6~
thnt
Of interest to the 0bserver is thnt 17 or 5.1%
nre en-
Gncsd in Jriv~tc firms os pro~oters or snlesMen in
in the uuron~ of Plnnt Irrdustry; 1 or.3% is in the Juronu of
,"'nimnl InclustrYi 3 or .9% tort' pursuine; [';r'·.'~u::, to cour,s(;>s
o.t
UPCP~, University Ilf C~n··'r.l:-l' <:lnd LinivE'rsity 'if P0kistnn; 2
or
9 or 2~7% 0rc omployc~ os tcchnici~ns nn~ workers iL the Moun
toin Province Duvalo~n(nt ~uthority which presently has
suc
cessfu,l ot:ri-busi"",ss cnt,;rpris0E on the Coll,;(;e C"lrl:nw
cle
Un~Qremp10ycd as ~rmy officQrB~ c1~rks, or sclf-emp1oy0d
in 0:1(1 ju'}s
oth<:r than [1ITicul ture
or tOCl.chinr; or ext!:nsion
work nrc 8 or 2.3%.
T!,BLE V
PL/,CEfjI~NT \\iF nSM:I GILDUf,1'ES ,'iCCOIWIN TU Mi\\Jor~
FIELD, 1963-1970
(Fi, ,ures un(-',::r Fooel Tcchno1o t;y Cl.S " mnjor inchc,:-,tc: the number
of GY'c"luCl tCJs cmplr)ycc1 in c:!ch :"'.r~"ncy.)
!f.ie..rs ,~ro.du:l te~
Fooel
Pcrcf:n t~r;c
of
.J.r8 emplo'yel1
To c"fin;Ior;y
Employment
1'O'"['1,L
1. SQcnnd~ry ~~ri
culture ScheJe'ls
10
10
6.0%
25 General Ac~dbmic
H.S.
6
6
4.0%
3. Elementary Schools
75
75
lt5.0%
It ~ I\\PC-P j~CD
50
50
30.0%
5. Mountain Provo Duv.
Authority
1
1
6. Un~eremployed (Solf
eMployed at h0illc, odd
jobs other than t0~ch
inD' etc.)
24
2~
l~-. 4%_
TOTJ.\\L ..... II C) <0 •• a 0 •
166
166
100.0%
The
tnble inelicatcs th:c t of the 166 D2i\\H sro..
duat0s 75 or 45% Grc e1ementnry scheol tl':.o-chers; 50 or
30%
are employ~~ o..s HomG M~nngement Technicians or Game
Dcm~ns
trc.tors.J 4-H Clu') Officers, or l<uro.tL Youth C'fficers; 10
or
, .
6% nrc em?loyeG ClS ho~e economics teachors in
scconcl'lry
03ricultura1 schools;
6 or 4% nrc home econ~rnies
t ('l.che r.s
in cencr'11 ncaclcmic hi'Sh schools; only one or .1biS em::)10Y<'<
in the MushrOOM GrowinG Sec~ion 0f th8 MountCl.in Provinco De
-
- - .
inc heme oconcmicse
Ti,DLE VI
PERCEN'I'f.GE OF ENI)LOYr-iENT or ~1S,r,C COLLEGE
GRADU,',TES
l'!,u@bex:
9,r:, (1u:, tte C!
·
·f
•.: . : t·~••\\.:.....
1. n~chelor of Science in
.'~~~riculturnl Educitti':n
(G.s,'~E )
<':1. Em-l)10Y~~~
•• 0.0 •••••
b$ Underem;loyed .~ •••
TOT!..I) c e ••••• " " 0
2. ~~chelor 0f Science in
A ~ricul tur:"l H:.,n(~(]D..kini~
(bSi,H)
Ct. Emi)1 uyc-:l
142
b~ UJ.:1.!:1~/.y·~.m~·1oy;,~(~ ... <- , •
24
lb"b
TO T,· ,L " •• 1 • • e • or
T',ble VI sh,.>r;.s thnt
thc,;
th:: •
tc;chinr.: '1i;riculturc:.
It ;,l,so shov;E; thn.t of the tot.:>1
lE)6
?ummD.rj:~ ~, From thE: forc~oing <1iSCU3S ion , it c~'.n
be
d8duced the t the 1J.c :,1'.lrny ohjective,s ;,f th·,) DVE
V OC J. ticlnal
-
-
- - -
of
SciencE;
in l'.i::ticulturc,l
F.l'iccltion .:1ncl ;-:,-,_cholor
of
Science in ilcricul turc.l HtJffiOrnt:tkinr; appCI)r'l not to hn.vo
been
successfully met.
The reason for this is lack of
for the position 0 f sec"nd'-1.ry 0gri cul ture teachers
In
the
few nrricultural schools in thG coqntry.
In the CClse of DSAE [~r[lllu:ttes, only 11.5%,1'':;
employed
O.S ,~,t;riculture te: ',cherG in se conL~'_u'y ,:1I-:ric ul ture sc hoe·ls Clncl
1.;:)% ,r-e om:JlOycrl .,5 -':L[;riculture Lc'cher8 in [;(nc\\I:---:l
['.ea~e
mie high schools.
The survey indic~tes thpt 50,5%
of
the
DS~E Gr~du2tes arc undcremployv~ Cl8 elementary school t0~ch
t~ Y school subjects.
Gn.r(:en
Te,:tchers in the lOHor ::r(:(~cs.
Recently, the ,.r)C-T'"CD
~1.c(m-
Technicians, 4-H Club Offic~rs, nn~ Hurnl Youth 0fficers o
'.,
1~ simil:tr 8i CUre tion is reflected iu the- c(,w~
lof
-dAl:
r duuteslt
Only 6~~ ,,1'0 employed i1S hir;h schc'~~l h~'Jrne
ecc·nc'
micE te-[,lchers in s ',; condnry n(~riculturn,l scho"ls ,1.n,~ 41){
,:\\1'8
hiCh sche-:·ls.
liS in the trend in the j;~j,~},;, 45% L1,rc
under
emjJl:':yecl as elc,ment"ry schC'(,l tcnchcrs nr.(L 30% 1",1'e
euployGd
o.s home extension workers
in the I.PC-Pf,CD '::l.(~;encies
of
the
fovernment ..
88
the DS~E nnd nSATI gr~ ~U~t0S' for leek of j~b openinGs In the
few GlGricul tural schools "in the cnuntrYI do n;,t find
tc,-,ct.
ini.~ j.-'bs in the seconc"~',ry schools but in elementnry
schor'ls
where they are not profc5si0nnlly trained to tench, the fol
lowing ore recommenced:
1. Only a class of 25-30 quality students vill he
se
lected every yenr tn form a class e~ch in the nS~E and
nS~H
pror;rnnl for high school tenchin~~.
This is to limit the num
ber of Cr'--":u,,_tes fur 0. limited ornc,rtunity for hi!~h
Gchool
D·cricul tura ::'end .,,:~ricultur:::tl
homemakinr, tc.:'.ching jobs.
· j ~., ~ . .
; ";...
2,. fl qUCllity tridimensionCll curriculum
Vlith'l.('ricul
ture ·~s the cf-,re will hnvG to be clGs:i<~nccl tc' :h;vcloli
t1.Cro
indu[~triCll D.c.:t~l:~l1'ic tenchers for eL:.:EJ"nL"ry schools ~Ji th the
dit~tion for civil service eli~ibilitias nnf t~nure
Vil,f CO sCll.,ry clo.5sii'icr~tLm -::< t ;xcr -'Ni th those of the
I\\SEEcl
.:'.
~r::'eduates~
~ cnncressionnl le~islation to cre~te
positions
for G~r~cn To~chers in the lower Gr~ctes is neces6~ry to
in
sure cn~loyment 0f the ~r~luntes.
3. To lJliJ.Y ~),c ti vcly i tG rr·Ie <'J.G envisione,1 in
Section
3 of R. h. 5923, Ch~rt~T of tho ColleGe, the Maunt~in St~te
Agricul turc,l C()lle:~(' shall "provide profe~si(")ni~_I, technicC1.1J
~nd speciCll trn~nin~ and promote reeearch, extension
sur
- - - - - .
>~nd horns te chno 1. ogy. 91
nncl [T:"'.ducte courses ::IS sti~.)ul.,:"t(;d in S(;ctic:n 2 of the: ki.VI
be
offeree} ['.f) S0'·21 ClS 11(;8S ible:
(n) :r"ur-ye::-.r technicnl curricu-·
lum IGi.:.din r · tc: the clC'(,rc0 of 1)2.chelor c,f Science in
to the tlccrue of Mnster of Science in Home Techno10f7;
(d)
·.
Acricul tun?
i.: .
90
By hlejondro D. Castro
A~ron0My Instructor
INTnCJUCTICN
Chinese; Cnbbn'e or \\'!oncbok is C0lYwl,'nly i~r01;rn :;.s :'. lco.fy
veCe:tc.ble in the Philip-,)in'.:,s"
In :8(mr-ue:t i t r.-Lnks cle'se
in
inl1.)()rt~i1ce t,..- c~bbtJ.ce"
Durin~ recent ye~rs in JLn~u~t frovince the
~iomcn~
bf'..ck
moth,
FlutellLl Mr_culipennis, hLls 1,).:::on v"ry
nbun"1~nt
on nll crucif7rr-JUS crol's c1.Dc1 pnrticuL'.rly on \\;onl';bnk. It h<.lS
been most troublE:s()1118 Jurin~; the: dry, (-o8080n.
In
fnc t
the
2-ttecks
of this lXlst h.-,vc become :;.- lirlitinc fGctor
in
the
Srow1nc of this crop.
Uncontrollud infsstations com~l,tcly
des troy \\,'/ (In,:c;bok l'ln.nt inC:s.
Mach of the recent, difficulty nppc~rs to be the
rasult
of the J~vel(,~M(;nt
of resistnnce to previcusly stanC~rQ con
trol ,,,-[;,,,n ts ·such .':Cr-; l)DT Clnd Endrin.
They 'lre
no
lon ;~er
effective
and art'- not nnw U~3e(1.
Such muteri::c1:3 ,,5 n.:cl"thinn;;
~olidol nnd DDV~ ere reporteJ to be us~d to sorne extent, but
Ph~)s(1rin ''-Fi)licd
weekly or even tViice weekly is stid
to be
ffi:::St effectivE:.
An Gxp::'rinent vms cLe"i[;ncc1 :,nd c\\lnductccl :l t
Mount~in
St" te ilpricu I tur.',l Col lei>; in Ln 'Trini J- d to es t.:'.blish
the
relotiv8 value
of sevcr~l c~tnblioh0;1 insocticirtes
~5 wall
~s some new ones nc~inst this )est.
_/
SUh'; rtc r: Hi j)~rt by H0s0,rch Gr:,_nt fr0m
(:F",r ErlS t ) ..
Thie5 r:.'5cJch w"s ,j'lintly uD(lcrtclc(;;:'l by iL D. C~stro of
MS#··~C.::· L~:'.. 'rririi(i"" ..~ C.11(~ E. r·I. Glt.1sD.' }it" =" C::.lor,~ l~n(~ 1';. lie
?'csc.l<lor :;f urc,-., C(:118~'G L,-,;:unn.
91
Mf, TElHALS l~ND M~:THODS
A plot of Innd, 80 x 11 meters, WQS fitted int0 80 bG~sJ
celch 1 motel' "ilee; elnc1 11 meten) long.
Suitnblc qUil.ntitiu-; cf
corrr.·,-·st 1i,f'd'O work;.::d into the soil.
('n Fcbru"ry 4, 1968 sc..:<\\s
were pl~ntod at the
rCltc of 6 pCI' hill SPClCC
nt
I
f~o~
intervals in th~ row.
There were two rows 1.5
feet
npnr~
per bed.
Thus, th"re TlIGrf.' 70 hills pCI' bed.
Erh.. ·:"[cin;
seed
linG pl~nts weru ~bGervcd on Febru~ry 10.
The expe:rir.1,:nt w~.s st<.'.rtcr.L durinr- th,; dry se~:son sn
ir
ricn.ti0n """5 rcquir(:cl until the rnins st:'crtecl in ,\\pril.
IiJn··
teyinr-; w:.s (~0nc: from sprinklir< cC'..ns aver eelch r<w·'s ;-,5 heed,or:'.
The qu,.::ntity of cnlnulElr insecticides requirbl to
tru::.t
onG bed
wns mixcJ
with Q
4 ounce enn of dry s~nd.
The
mixturws were n.~~li~d
in equnl amounts to
e~ch hill ~nd then
V!
J·ke.~1 into thi..: top 2 incJws of soil before thG sc.:ol1s
\\",;re
pl~ntoJ~
h s0ccn~ ~pplic~tion of ~rnnul~r ins8etieidcG
w~s
m~de on ccrt~in plots on M~rch 18 or six weeks aftor suedinG.
The i.;rnnul.::tr s.-~n(;. r:lixes \\len: sprinkL<'. -:br··ut (''leh plc:t ~ li,:ht
ly wcrle,,:·' int·; the. s,-!il D_Dc'. then w;-~t0r(;d.
The spr~y trc:tnents were 8~~C with ~ 3 s~110n c0rnprasecJ
['LiT spr::.yer usi.n,~ on'uc;h rnnt.:::ri::.ls t.o wot the :)l:'D ::5 thc'T('u,sh
ly.
The first 8'::)r::y tn':' tm0nts WGre 111!'..cle on J"E~ brunry 25
or
15 clclys ...... ftcr;cr;·liw~tinDs.
iJeekly or sGmi-li,eekly:"pplic'J.
tions Vier", made Learn the:D until nne \\,!(;ck be;fyre hr-,rvest
on
,'\\pril 210
Each tr0Qt~cnt, number of applic~ti~ns, 'l.nd other perti
nent informC'..tirn ~re ~iven in T.::tble 1.
--
-
- -
- - - -
-
92
TA;jLE I.
THE,\\T!'1BNT SClrEDULE FCI{ DI/.l'ij(lI'm J:~CK HO'l'!I
CC'NTJWL EXTE:~n[l~NT Ql\\; r;m,1(lJOK
._---- --,........
Plot .:
Mrltorio.ls :J,nr1
IBtl. te fe) r Gf'.l- ~ f. ppl i Ctlt i"rJ. ! T()t~,l
No.
FormuLe tien US8d
on 0r Bcct"~re
Schedule
Tn; ~', twe n t
1
Phosclrin 1.5 E.C.
10 ml./r;"l.
Weekly
r~--
Semi-liJ0ekly
-
2
Fhcsc1rin 1.5 E.C. ,10 ml.!r;al.
3
DDT 25% E.. Co
3° ml./cal.
Weekly
.J
L~
Malathion 57%·E.C~
6 ml./r;ctl.
S E::mi-\\i; ce kly
15
5
Malanyl 50-10 E.C~
6 ml. /gnl.
'V!eeklv
8
6
Thurici~o 90 TS I 10 ml.'!z;al.
,Ieekl;"
8
7
Thuricic~e 90 'rs
20- mL/r:o.l.
\\fJeckly
8
8
N-4543 1.7 Ib/~al
6 mI. !.fT,r'.l.
~Ie()kly
8
9
.... ,... ,1.......
.....a/.
I
("t
Th~,j' 'v,n 37/? E. v.
6 ml./f~:'l1.
Vieekly
8
10
6 rol./;-.",l.
Weekly
Felidol 46.7% E.C!
8
11
108.1642 90% r.p.
2 [\\m./c;al.
Weekly
8
.J
12
EnCirin 1905% E.C.
6 ml./r:n.l.
Weekly
6
~
13
M'Clo..thi,m 57% E.O
Gnd ThiMCt 10. G.
10
' I\\.t pl::-,ntinr;
, kf,ID --!hie.
1
1.4
Thimet lC t'
I J .
20 k'r /
,)rn~~ /h n.
fc t
plantinr,
1
2
15
Thimot 10 G.
10 kr-m./h:1..
At j'll.:'.nt in::
1
2 VJks. lc:.t,:r
2
16
m
"
.lOlTIlK 2G
50 kfP ./h:c.
iH l)lCln tine;
1.
17
NIl\\. 102'+2 10
10
j,t
k[~rn. /h.:1.
IJL,nt irw I,
1
18
Di thic1:"nc 47031
2()
~
~
/1'1"
1
lJ
.L<". ~ 0
k"ITl
.
i, t p1c. ntin c
19
Do thinl::n,; '+7031
( 10 G)
20 kr:m./h'l
f,t plrlntinr: I
20 kCn ./hi1..
6 Vlks. 10.. t·:~ r I 2
20
DithioLmc 470.31
i
;
( 10 G)
10 kCm./htl..
Jlt rL;,nt in!' j
6 1:'Jks. 1" tc.r
'Untu,;, tee1
I 2
,
(Con trr'l)
:
Mixture contninin~ 50% ~nl~thinn nnd 10% DDVF~
5,IEndrin ap}:.:liu1 in first six spr'\\YG'
m"'.1:,\\thinn
iOn 1.~~.st tVIO sprC1YS.
9.3
Injury r·:tinr;s fer f).:LCh bed ~',<~ rT:'~d(; ;;n f,ui' J . .J....:~,: ~i··r8h
:..6" ;a,:,n;l ;.pril 20..
'I'be r" ingB Wii.)rc :".cccr· lif'.:· ,;-
thC:;~8CT(:.'e
of injury observEd \\7iher<...' U-n;'nc-
t~) :, tr:~ce) 1·1i,~ht) 2 .. m~<lcT':,::-.~;'
3-heavy and 4-severe.
The cr(~~: Vl~6 hClr"'/OGtC(} on i~:~:·ril 21 Gn;.1 220
riC:: re
v\\:Gi:·.)le~l, ~:'I:'.~ r:-'~tc'.l ~s,mr~:tk(;t:':lblE:) "'r nt)t m:-~:.1"l,ettlble~
lJI,~CUSS:':.ON
..
. _.........
Th.--, i.njury r~, tin;~s '--'re ;'l yen in '[' ..... 'ile 2 <,"\\1".d lik0wisc)
the
yie1(~ ''3 ;.:r8scnted ire T2.b1E: 3,.
.r
r~i'l.J· LE 2.,
l{S:.i'i ~(/t.:rll'~G.s (.YF T1\\r"Lj'~"lY
C.··~US-;-~D ~1,Y FEEDIT··!(j (iF ~PI;U·rELL.t:.
1'11.C. "L.I1 [';''';T-S L:.!:~V,E eN \\JOI'W';jOK
• <
I . ~~ ..
~:";::====:'=:::::::::::::::::",==::::::::=====:::===::=:;:;===----,=:.:::::.---~-.
-,
Trl;r: trn... ts:
_
. _--:,.......::..:..::.::..:..:..:---=~.!...:::.~-R.:.:.i"';....t:;;.';:;in;.:.:.-r·.:::8~~_--;-
...,....._:-_
Iv
)1
!, ri 1 4
i'>;)r:i].-c..'
.'
: .
'.* ..
,
-,
o 5
0.5
\\.
c
"1 .0
C)
(") ,2
J.j • ()
3.0
:) 0
"3. C'
z.e
1~2
3.0
~"
6
2.2
3,0
G . ., .}
:'05
r:
-,
;;>
,.'
L2
,', .• C'
.c. 9 ._
~.... :i
.",
0
8
1.'7
'i
1.0
.1
I
2wZ
.?' (l
3.7
2 7
10
2 '7
2.0
3.5
2.2
11
0.2
_.0
,0
7;
'-'
1
L5
"
C
. / 1 {
2. 'r
4.
4.. C
). r;.
-
I.
2.
3.0
.3.7
2.:'
" 5
2.5
1,.('
5.'::';
-'
.
~_.
.'
16
L ()
'z.5
17
4- 0
4 _'
o
Q
18
1.5
4.0
-';;,7
.3.• C
1:)
l~::>
r
2"00
2.2
l.e
(1'
I
.... ,.'
20
2.,0
,v
~
3 ('I
3.2
2 ..
....L..
/
:::1
.3. c
L.;O
4.0
\\
f"
\\
A.~
.~,
(.I -
lIl,"ul;! t.:: tr",c(~ C:::xccl1ent ccntx'(JJ
1
Ji !'ht (!;r/ Il)
2 - 1'1(, " '. _, .;. L C (.s.~, -1-::..,; r·,. C J1")
3 - lIe;' y CI)()Cr)
h - ":)·,..Vt;Y:"C (1:',' c(~r:tr\\)~\\.~
-
-
-
-
-
T;.~jLE 3.
YIEL:') CF "IOflGDUI\\ FIiOIvl EXPI:~nr=JT"IJ
PLOTS
=='===I~=====~ -"=========i=:===:::=:==
T0t,:c1
, I
'rrui.l. t
~
~ P"rc'r.mt· of t Percent
-·-··rVJd~;htj~;~·y'7-;~'"
mcnts
H.... rvc,s·· ,i Ths:jrcti-
I H"rv~~;L',d
t"T7't~~i~I'.-'i-:~l'l<;:C::-
Nu.
ted He"..'~.1 cee1
"f ii~:,c1s
f lk'.~~~j . t.'~·l)l~
Tot2.1
i
M,trket-l1~/lc.:
i HU-c".,'3
-r·-~3':":5~:'--+"':;';"'::::":9:':O~'::"::''::''---!--2-0-.-10-.-',--':; •o~ .
.. ,.:-:.::.:-..:-- ...
1
99
t
' ' ; ' ,
,
2
78
28
74
12.85
11.20
_ - . ...
/&> I
--.
3
o
0 0 0
o
4
6
2
17
.7C
0.20
5
23
8
LOO
35
3.35
6
33
12
70
5.10
~'o3C
7
44
16
73
6.55
Lf 090
>3
65
23
80
13.40
11.80
19
1.50
G .ltO
16
6
.. ,. ,t·:
1C
J8
6
50
2.55
1 60
81
29
G9
11. L,O
8.30
12
57
4.20
2070
23
8
o
o
o
o
.r
13
14
1+2
i+
15
.18
55
15
1.9
7
37
2.15
1.1:,~
16
4
58
1. 90
1.60
17
?
2
100
··.7C'
C,.,?O
I
1
22
0.65
~~. 20
, v
>'
9
3
I
19
29
1(;
I ,
3.00
59
3.0l
I
1'\\ J'
20
C
o
2.65
lo5e
O
C
o
c
Defore ev~,l1.i,".. tine: tho \\.ht;,,, thl.'n: .:ere certilin L,ce·,rs th:,t
must ~JG C(nSi~8rc.:,,'..
OnE:: i5
lJ:-,t, !:crmin~tion ,:f the
;'/i1nl.;b,k
sel;' wo.s ',(jry unc..vc:n thr" 1- .out the cxpCrirrlGDt:--.1 ·~rec..·.
in 131')'1'1'
b8(~S every bill h,~': "..1- le::t:-::t one ~)l'1!lt Qh8rC.:lB theT(~ v.'ere
ver:'t
I
fel'l in ,,"'" 01'13.
III ·::tn ··,t.terr:lt te' i'·jj~r· ve the st"n,'t:;"
-:"J(<;E;SS
pl~nts j rnm b(-.'t.ls : f f.~{"~\\·\\ pcr:-·... LY·t:i.;)n h"tll bt·~~n p0CT o
The r8sul
V.J{'..::,
c.n U112'ven st-:nd ~ ... l'"'D 1. r h:~llt
tllc' teqt :\\Y'·:. :'":n(} hCDC ..
t .. e
YJ.l~l(t
c1-:-:.t!~ Yin.s toe, ';;-r~"tic to, ~, J'r,"..llt st~"it)tic.:i.l tre"tr"cJnt :,TI 1
i"l.C-it}
,'om,·1'.'.·.·,',·r 1_'.·'".::'il, .•
'Pll·,..'t 1 ·>·m'Jr,o,.
c: 'r"'~'
~,l
.,+- '" Wic,y',--' m('v'-',\\ 'j >It', JC1'
I i'I': :",r
_ .
.......
-
~ ......
'-
I.
. ' _ ......
:
. , J
'.
.
" - '
~ '-:'"""
•
v ,,~.
: - ' : ' : , r
....... -.f:' - - J.
. •
~.i..
tre:'.tf;:C' 1)e,}s "ji11ch ':1.ve l'lSe t,; 'cne J"';S81L))ll ty c; un ';r~n
::lb
scrptit'n of til:,; to:;{;.c'-lnt from :me l)l,l ....,.L t·· Cl-D,·th-.l j;l t. \\,:
s,~\\ma
b?(} ~.
- - - - - ~
95
Onc cthej" n:' te c'f c.'1.utir:·n sn. 'ul<:;l bc:- mlm ti·:,nCl~.1
Sev(~r~,l
workers were involve~ with the nn~lic~ti~n of the
sover~l
pestichlesJ C1.D~1
it is l)Ossibl~; thr:t thCt3C m,:'.:,/ nc:t; h;',vc bc)en
entirely unifnrm.
~!-..- .,
For the .,11:'vE: re.,s,;ns; i t sevlns wise t,; usc the
d·'.tr.l
primc-.d.lyJ.s
.\\ ......
0.
r~Uillo to furtl1C'r stu'.li'as <''.nd eV"'.lu-:ti n rn'~
--;-...
ther thon o.s fino.l results.
Nev~rthelcss) the injury r~Lincs
".n,', the yield c1:-::to for the sev(!rnl spr'tY trcntments
cc:nfirr.1
tho f,."rmers expl::rienc0 th":,,t DDT) En(:rin,;> H,tIc.... thien)
Methyl
P".r"'. thion (Fe·lid"l) Dnil Encl"·sulfo:n (Thiod.-m) do not
1,r,wic1c
effect'ive contY':.Jl ,',f ,1io.''1'·11,1 b,;ck mnth en wcncbok. It
Geems
,e.lst likely th'1t chlorine te:l hy~lrocnrbon resL"tr.nt
str::'1.m>
2'10. ve invol \\TOl: the f: .rrners in 138nr;u<.. t PrcNinco the
exteu.s:t vo
use Gf DD'r Qnl~ Enc.rin :~ljrinf previ 0 u,s YC:1.rs.
It is nc' c ccr
t;,in 'ilhether' the f~J.i1uJ',1 '.of the ph' ,c::'h:ltes is the: rcsuJ.t
of
-,
,.eC1uirc1(~
€,;istnnc('
(,[. 1.11 inhor<.:nt Vi ,,,krl6'sG of thio
Crui:;
n.. ,c...
·';l'n"-.l.
th1'"
..::; t"
.....~
S""
J.. ....; '"
'~l',····
_
'1·,
'"
t
c..;;.:;.;
.... .lst..::.:
-, C s ....
() f ;;b.0 S e r1:'-~ t ....~ ~'iil18 :"10:t'C C 0r~Jp]e!" c i~1.11 ~l ...1. V ~ ':'J. ("t 1)l'e
::Ll".
~~ h.o
l~h5_1l:·';.in&s,
:)n1"'j' ::n,CSt1rin ;"J;;1')1-.\\.-: ..1 ~)'ith~_r :~t '4{?~1(J"J or scmi
'He8\\G
in !:0 rVClls pr"v' (1 "d :;;,:,ir;.:',c', c tcry prGt (; ot irn <:
0 f
the
new r(1w~t5: N•. L'54s (Stnnffer Chemic.':1,l Co.V -n:l Inf>.
l61~2
",
: - " .
( D"~I' '~'r.n
·,""
'ur·t'·",.·,·
•
',/"'M"
"r
;'I""'Y''-·
'''':11f'' A'n-'1
. . . v~ \\,.:;;
",
'
,,-1;;..1.
\\..lJ....._.
"'r1()"~l(l 1)0
l-... ~
I.,
t e
,
~,
'''11' (,
\\,
l / l . "Y1')'
...•.
.
:.J.~,'
....
'~
1.
~ .. ll\\.:..;.~...
_
.....
y'c_c1 (-···'t civen' in '·.!.'·:'.bJ.u .3 13tl':\\\\1 ,l 01",:,;., GCTTcl~tt:jcn
w:ith
':hre~+ r n( :!.tCl,.
enlJ pJ.ots 1 , 2 , 8':11',r,l 11 r:-,:\\VC ,:lny
n.p·'
:,rc:ciable yie~ '.'t ' f m:.'lrk ....·t:~bJ.e hc-"<.Js"
T l1r'cicle- 90 TS', nhir;l:J. is 'L pr'~':;Tiet;y i)repnr:lti·';n
of
,
!
1
th;lrin··· '';
i c
,de by Sb,nffcr ;:;hemic':1.1 ',",:,,'1;; r:;.tl'H;r
p,.1C::r
8'lcn nt
hi':' hl:~',(;r r.-'to :;f o.~)~·:lic::-!ticn.
'("UJ cf th',; system"cc soil tr<::::·-:.tr~'...:nts
.~!r·vi(~o(
,:'\\0
quc..tc ccntrcl cf Pluten.; KU:l,:lipennir; em 1'j-,ng'.:>ok fc;r the en-
tir(; Sr.:C:.F 'n.
On r<:~rd 1 '.,~ 25 "'-lyS "..ft~r [i1'::.'1tin[';
Clll the
svsL::·mic t:::-e~ltr~:ents ' pl 'Jt- 1") to 2.0) V/er r.: :::tll
l)rJt~cte(l
. ""
. "
-'-
whel'(:)<..:S t.w untr 1.t(n~. CI. t.l'('l.s Viera hc:wj.ly cl:!.r:l'Lp.:ed. Contrnl
£'2<(10(1 I':lpidly dur-;n.:· 1r-";:J H-Tel' "nel by ;,-n'il 4 cmly th·:~
two
(1.-;'''j.1
.!cC'.tinns ~Jf Li L.'ro·'·"n(; i.""J~:-;:{:' prcv.::~~.~r; nn:~.,-
me,"~sur-~\\_:l(,;
~~:;r8G sf j)rc)tccti ,~
.
The r
.·ive
. '.
,
1 Y
," 'T ::'(;f'ij:'., ,5
L Loll
Di thi.:;1;·\\no 1+7"C3"
on
"j _l..
l:: tj; 11r:;) c:k r.~s
G.~, iJrV'lY" ~.:d t
th"" C:~ ~ .. C (t 1 ~·l ;
plr_ f 0 rrnt! nc e on
c ""' b ::J,~·q-;e
J.
ir; the L':"I,.C tCf:'::
is,; ,;i<";1
j
,.1'""
I·.:nc questic:n
Vlhic.h
eve t1wl1~,r m~l.st 1.10 (t. s\\'(cr'eri by iurrhd' t(),.~t.s.
\\ii.-:::.s the
<1' f-
f rc.cu duc; t·:) (:.. ) [;'m-
c;t' :'1.~)l:'C".1-J.
n, i.co. scC'ciil1i;
\\/6.
.
tr~~.:ll-apl.;-:'"ntinr;,::. (~:) (."ll.:ofc .~~;:" t~[ll ,"~bs(
"t:. :'rl by c~~~)l:~"'r:.'c
(:\\11(.1
'
---~
96
VJOi.li~1~,)k, (3)" diff;;rent:.'.'.l
Lc:-w}'lsiti.:;n
rQ.tcs in CQch
(4)
differences in irrir)'. i~h
'>~(-dUrGs (5) differences in
the
numLer 0f ins~ct6 for inf
tions?
While the nnswers ~re net
apparent ~t this time) the rales nf crop respcnS0 ~nd the ti~e
of trC'1tment must l,)e c"nsiJc:ced imj)0rt:1.nt:<nc. cVCllu.:ltc(l in fu~,
:
ture tests ..
./:
The results Rf the exp2rim",nt s'nc'w the (;xtrc;:mc. severity
of the f1utel1Q MC'culip..:nnis p::"'>"lem .- f wonc':ok in the Lo. Tri
ni,1':\\.J. nre<:'. and I)~' int up the necessity fer devel(ij;lin::: sui t~ 1:1e
control methods fer prot..:-cVcnC crucifernus cro:;·s.
'.'
... ,~ ....
'. ~ ..
, .
"
J .
:j
- - - - - ~
97
r,FPENDIX D
EFFECT C)C DL'F:L:HENT KINDS CF F~~Rl'ILIZEII
eN THl~ GI~C',:'TH C'F ONICNS
By E\\~w,:'\\.rcl Inch::tn
I,cr:>n<"m:y Stu,L,'11t
This experiment w::).s c .. :n(1uctc<'~ in the DGJ.!::trt
ment of ii::rc,nrny, MC'lmt!'i.in St,~f,e A,;;ricu1turo.l C..,l-
. C:?>.:: Ln. TriniJ:.::.;·~,
2en.uet un':~(:r th;:.; (~irc.cti-n of
"
'1 ..
:."
hr. DCDctri" S. SnmGr~.
In the. 8x~erin~nt, throe
sets ;,f CU:,Wlerc io.l fertiJ. iz<:r~-:; wcr0 US(;(~.
They
"1<:X'0 .'l.S i"- .. 110\\'113: S(!t 1 .-
Tr:i.;)l,; 14 nr
c':'l'!lj')10tc:;
S~t 2 - C0m~ineJ tri~le 14 3n: nm~~niil.; nnd Set 3
.'-
j.Jlr1,:""lni[!. .'llljne~
Triple l Lj \\:)l" c:",m ;let", wos ehe !(),st
:,m.,rli;·
t.l1~;~e thr(.e f"i\\:tn of f~.-r·~~liz~·rs ;,uc-~.usc: it turnGc,.
the ;:-Llnt ,~',rk Green; it multijJ~ i:,,!~ \\;110
cf tilL;rs
) ut n·t
filLJ.Ch. .:t'; <.li.~ the
c
i'..:rti1izc:r.
It m.'l.:k thi;.. i\\L:... nt~_. . :r 'vi Jc;'ll-'r
c.~.u[;e :",If itG :nit_t"{)l ...~rt ccn.t.C'11tt;:~_
f~ror,,:"niuC1 [;1."lf···L; .-...1'11,:- turn"J the
~-il '-'.11 tr.;
!:r(.en "nei l~iJ
n,·;t mc'1kc the.: ti112rs ri!\\J.Jti ly
cr
l'Xr i:. nd •
Th2 c:"!ltrol set cf the p1a.i1 ts m.:.:.·(;
th0tJ
stunted :'~n~\\ liCht CTc0n; it .!i:1 r,.:·t h,::-).'J:.; [',r7
ef
fGGt on td! hei.-;"lt "f the l;l.:.... n-cs
T~H; nni(':l" ;\\1 th(J\\JCl-:.. con<-~ i,lereC "ne ~if thE; rn"st i.8::c-:rt:ln t
Phi.li:;>.iu~e
VG,~;: tn' 1e cr,ops,· h:-:s h",r'lly heen :"tuc:ic:1. eS.:C'ci~~l
lY ns rc-!,"':nls its f:.~rtilizer N.'ituircrnen s.
It h:,,"" 1:;d~n. ~n :1C
CGpt~)d .i.(lec~ th"t "ni"'ns c<mld.8 left to. the e:J.er'1cl1ts
'In(1
s t i l l ~",riehow aur;m~nt "he ft'..r;,i1y inc(),...-;e.
;'lith this ide~
lD
mimI, w'":: Ji)(lc1c ol:f3erv:.... ti,'ns ::.'..n:: c()rnr:~r·.,tivc
study thr·:u,~·l:. tri<'ll
(l 11
<,rrCtr ,,·.. ith thc. :.liffo::nt kinds nf fcrtilizcrG '.... )r1iec1
n~'
f()().1 L:,trii..'YI; ;.)f ;.'rliny,s ...
"
T" t' P ~r>pot"3C ()f t:lli';' expcrj.ri1en1~
VJ.'1~-) tn r~lct\\:rrnJnEJ tl\\c') C f-:--~~t
Df fort:L=-·2'.";.1.~3 en the: ·'rc;~·Jt.h nf :"":i1.i:-·ns tJ'1.r'"'u·;--rl c·.... rc.:f;~l
~.~,l b(j!"' ....
'i"lloI; ineth!)(~~
The I'<;rt;ilizcrs LtS(;,~ :,vero t_i Ie lL~ cr
CCrD
"1'>1:'0
""om'''l'liC' tTl"'l'"
lL, ., (1
1.,-0,
'1Jtn clI1)<:-··J·;··
,~·_·n,.·.··.!. .".. !.·.'",·ll1.·rll'Url1
.t:-" ,'J "" n'
..
'~
.
!
. . . . . .
r
.n_ iH; .•.)nl~.
0 '. . . '
C,,'
_
.
suI f.";. "CE:..' tll./~'nt~.
The eX7)(.Jrim·.nt ,r,f) .}::;n,' fr;/D J\\u:~ust t,., Oct:;h?r 1')70
~1;
the: Mount:.... in St;-:t" .i,r~.ricul tur::1 Co11ci"Z: ;1uri~1~3 the fir8t
~o
nester of 1970-1971.
•
The foll.oviin<:: in:l.tcrir,ls Wtrc used:
Triple lLf cr C(',ji'iplete
fcrtilizer~ (mi~ns, ,:trnrnr.nium sulf,~.t<;, r,T.:11! hne, sickle,
motel'
stick)i.nrl mo,:::.sur.ini· cup((5 (I;r[~rns) . . .
The oxperiment::'.l lot wo.s prnvi,Je:l with ,:1 'lr~ill:~!'e
c(';::.".:J.•
There W0re 12 .
each wit
~ dimension cf 1 metGr hy
10
meters.
Onions were pl,:mtec1 23 ems. 1Jetl'lf)8n rows.
E.~_ch
of
the plots wus nssi~nc~ specific tre~tment and 0~ch w~s
pre
scntecl in tile L'~.~ 'le8 in this r':])ort,.
T;;,BLE l~ il~(J:'J~GEJvlENT OF TRE T]olf,NTS :',ND DLCCKS
r:
2 C'
--5
rams
.;;
2, 5
_ _·a.
•
iJlocks
....
I
I I I .,.,
.
Tretltmerlts
Dl D' C'
AI
D'
Dr
Cl
}~ • (1
D'
1.)
/t.
~ r~
Num 1')crs
1. ;--"?J~_ ~ - .. -4--
5
z:.'
7
8
9
J.."-
11
.2
A - Triple 14 or Complete
D -
C'm1-,inc 1_l Triple lLf i:mcl f,mm1mium SulI,t8
C - Anmnniun Sulf to ~lcn8
D -
Control
The forer,;(;in:: t[\\.~'L; r.:.'-,:. esents l2 plots ,~ivi'.'"ei2
into
·throe Dlock,": I, II, ,=trH~ III
l'>.ch ~:;lock 1'1..,.(1_ fi)Ur )ll;tri,
r~,s-
si[~nE.:'d
tr; 'li.ffcrent 'fJ'Ct,tments ,'., B) C, .~Ld DO'
'}'r,:,l,r,ent
ii.
re;rusc:nts triI;1e lit c.:::' complete~ 't:re,-.tmc_ t D rc~)resents
be;
combin~tion of t~ip1c 14 nn0 ~mncnium 6 If~te;
Tr~~trnent
C
represents ~mmnnium 6ulfhte a10nc;
und Trentmcnt D rCDrssents
the contrnl.
In the i1}'101:ic,:c::i·:·n of ferti1:',ze:rs, 5 :1":'-_)116
}JeT
pl~nt or . ole wore Rpplie~ ~n all excc7+ f~r the control~
'.'
t"
, [ .j
_J ~
99
Ti,BLE II.
ORIGINAL HEIGE'I OF ONICNS n:::FCL:E
I,PPLIC,TICN CF F'}~:TILIZLilS
-----_._--------- ----------~,_._._--------------
-::..
_--_.
:-------~. ,~-_ .."-_.
----,,, ,----_._..
---,.,~._._--
Trc:,. t·- :
-
D~_"'l'---'(_,,....c.:.,..· k s .
.:...
Totol
t'Ieo.n
~~__._...l;;......_ ....-:
-=1:,.=1:..-__....;;.__.III
: Tre::'.. t men t ~L_f_,v_"_"r_0_,:e_~_._
A
26. 9L~
26.~i
80.56
26.35
c.! • .
..
-"
2.4.62
23.1J
TL~
~)
92
23.97
;!~. j' .'
C
2~). y.
2~·. 5!+
23.32
73.20
2,LI. L~C
D
.24"lJ.
20.51
67.89
22.63
_._-_.
.
.... ...
- - _-'-_~,_.
. ·· ._a'_· ....,
,
.
.~--.._--"'-~--~_
TCTIlL~
1 D.l?
.
98.,?1+
: 2f,.57 .
9'7.85
.
·
_...._--------_._--
.._----_.. .
...
_--~-_
Trw '~::ll,lc 8ho1.'.'8 the heir;ht of the cnions in centimetur8
!,efr)j"'~>
. .
_ . L - o _
the
~_<lcckt,
• • -A.
o;;_
t·~y·
I..",.
.";";~'JI-i.c..,t-i·1n
"'ertili"crs in
thrce
to
-
...
-,"':'~,f~~""''""'\\'~'
OT ,l.
-=:-._.._..."r"'...... ·" .......
..
c;e t
t n.s TJE;?;Ltl. ttV \\.~r["~ .~;e flO if.;h. to
~.~"r'--·~·~'~·1~~·:~ ~
. I
!. ~
:f'J . . -'
rI-/,JJLE III..
li}F'FEC'i' OF F.t::fiTILIZEnS ON '['joE G.. {( ;~"II
OF (lNI\\'NS jST';-;.J. Ir~JO 1,;n~EK..s
".,",~, --.
,"
.:...-...,..... -...
37.09
13
32.28
".'.,";'-.
.
t ~ _ .. /
C
D
_._---._.._-_.-"-'" ._._._.._--
.
'1'OT"L:
__
1 1 .
.
lL:·8 .• 90
42.3.69
: lY~. 42
....
----_
---_._._~_
.......- .~.~-~
.....-~
. j '
~ ,; ·w·
The for~~oin~ t~ :10 in0ic~tcG th~ 6i~nific~nt effect of
fertil.izers qn the; ':;):('>,/[1;.,1 cf -minl1s'in t,;:cms \\jf hci ;ht f:n cen
timeters '1ftc;r hF~ 'ilCE-;!;:Ei"
TABLE IV.
INC:RELSE: IN l-LEIGHT CF ONIONS ;)UJ=:
TO F"Cl?TILIZEn LP:'LIC TH,NS
---_. ,._'-'_.-~----
• .', vcr:" ;, r~. 0 r l' " l' Y1 Ct I • ~·I··~n-c-.L'::;:::·". ,qc' =' -i n -
Tre~t-;Avernr.e HeiGht Two
,1.1.
.
. I..~)"""
( )
~ ... {~ _..
......"-"
-.. _
.. J.
ment
:Wks. Lfter Furtili
:Deforc F c r t i l i - :
hver~~c
"1' ,
..~..::~=
_ _ _ _ :zar l\\.pplicn.tion
: ZHr Ilpplic'l.~i(jn ..:...~~ Hei.<?-_t_'__
A
37.09
26.85
10.2L:,
D
32.28
23.97
8.31
C
37.19
2,4.40
12~79
D
27.86
22.6,3
5.23
. , -
,..........
,
.'
-_.
"'--.-'
"";
TOT/IL
134.42
.'
97.85
36.57
-~ ' ..... _-'-_.-
. -.;,.. .
" . ( :
It apperlrs from the tn:'ll:~ tho..t of the four tre:-,tments.t
'l'rc'1tment C with tho o.PDlicntion of ammonium sulf'.to
o.lone
seemed to have l)een the :)est [(,rtilizer for (',nlons fcllowc[).
by Trentment l\\. with the
o.pplico.ti0n
of Triple 14 or ~Com
~'. ~.
J ..
plete Fertilizer.
Treatment D with the applic'tion of Combine Triple
14
,.
...~
-"
and [,mmonium Sulfnte as shown in the t;\\~ Ie did not seem
to
be ns rood o.s in Treatments C ~nd D.
Trc~tment D (Control)
in which no fertilizers were applied did not show f~vorn"le
Growth of enions.
CONCLUSION ,1~ND RECOMHEND ..'I'IC'NS
Fr'l1!1 the pre cec.lin;~ discussionJ i t coulL~ 1;0
cODcludcc}
in this po.rticuL'.r experiment thc'ct A!'lmC'nium Sulf'ctc
,:ll~'ne
is recommended to ~'8 tho ',est comrrwrcit,l fertilizer
for'
.
onions.
E';wover, the finiliw' in this expcrir'lC:l1. t
is
I]<)t
'
c()nclusive~
This cX~KrimLnt ne(!(~s furthor re.pcti ti"'n
to
verify th~ rcsults.
Tho oxperi0ont conclusively in1ic~teJ thnt ~~Jlicnti n
of commercial fertilizers shcwe~ positive effects
O~
the
Growth of onions.
It is recommended th:-rt ;tsirle from in()r;~C1.nic or COJ11tn,cr
cial fertilizer, such orG~nic fertilizers QS Gnimnl
or
chicken manure ... compost, and r,~reen m'1l1urinc shou lc~ )~e
used
in the culture of n0t only oni~ns ;;ut :lls," all "ther
fnrm
crops.
- .
101
hFPENDIX E
C0N'l'TIOL OF PECHf,Y PESTS
",~
,".'"
..
. ~. .
By Nicolliertes J. Alipit~ Jr.
A~ronomy Student
ThrC0 kin\\~o of insccitici,:cs(Folidol'
Fosferno; ~nd Phns'~rin) were use~ on Din
m"nc1 D"ck r"i',-,th tl.ll(1 Cfl~ ')arC Butterfly.
The
insectici~cs wore sprnyeJ when the
plants
wero ')Oi;inninc to shc\\J si ')".s of
inse c t
nttack o
Of the throe insecticides,
I'hos
drin pr:j'j':';(~
'J
to ',0 tho mest effective,
h<1.
vins 90% effectivity.
The two other
chc
micnls B~re leS8 eff8ctive.
The
pcch~y
plants were spr~yed two tines ~t five d~ys
interv:::l c
The control of insects of vor:ct<,l'les h"s : Gon'ne of the
major prcblems o{ ve~etnble fnrmers in L~ Trinidl~.
Cf
the
numerous insc:cts th:"t nttG.ck ]8ch:1Y yln..nts] the: spscics
qf
Dic.mcnd Bnck Noth .:end CoV}n,~c nutterfly ~lre mos t c1eGtructivc.,
Th8se~insects multiply so rnpidly thnt even chcmic~ls
c~uld
not control them if their dnmQ~es nra olrc~dy advanced.,
Experiences of fnr'me::ro (~isclo.se th0.t the ~'\\cst c.,ntrol of
these pests is che (,v0rclosnG0 of chemi.cnls tn 1:-0 I1L;ll8(}. Dut
this pro.ctice prrlvcd to be <.ktriment.'1.1 to the lilC',nts.
The objectiv0 of this stU(~y was tc: r:lisccver which
of
the threc chenicnls~ n~mely~ Fnli~ol~ Fosfurno~ on~
Pb~sdrin
could
control p~chay pests I1t the mnximum effectivity. Other
new brands of inscctici,1es are ::>lsG effcctive~ imt they
are
too expensive for the ordin<1.ry f~rmer.
Th~sc thrc0 che~icnls
wc:n~ chosen b,:)c,,-uS(; they coul,l e::'l5i1y :,~e pr('CUI'eC:~ in the m;::.r
ket ~ithout much 0xrcnsc.
Th& oxperiment WnS c0rtduct0d at the C~llc:u
F(\\rm from July 30, 1970 to Octo l'cr 16, 1970 ..
Three c}W'C;iC:lls used in this expGr iment were F,.:l i~-l()l, ;;'(>1;;
fcrno~ and Ph~sdrin. An nren of threc rc~lic~ti0ns in
12
plots were cultivntad an~ ~l~ntcd with pu~hny seeds.
F~rtili-
- - ~ - - - ~
102
zera w("re usee[ nt the r0tc of nne-h<'.Lf kil(l:-r",m>::r ',lot ( 12
12-12).
Later whon the plants were a~0ut Ol~ ~n~ ~ ,
h(,lf
months old they were ~pplio~ with urea, 46% ~t thE r2tc
'.>f
two kilocroms por plnt.
Tho first roplic"tinn WQS tre<cterJ. VJith l"01i".l<)l;
second
replicntinn, Fosferno; and third replic~ti0n, PhoG'rin.
LAYOUT OF THE EXPERHjEWL\\L FM1f1
Replicnti"n 1 I ReplicD.ti n 2
FosfC'rno
Phosc1rin
RESULTS ~ND DISCUSSICN
Effects 0f Fnlidnl
- ~
Folic101 'NO.8 ap:;)lic:,] Qt it:::; rec(\\r.lmen,18'.~ ,--:,Ei'.. ·S l~vel ,~~t 1
to 2 tablespocn8 por 5 I;nllr,ns of Vf,": l:or.
SJ:.-'lr'1yi.nl \\i:15
cono
when the plQnts wero 0~nut two months ~ld.
7his ~'s the time
when the plcmts showed signs of insect nttack o
The sl)rayin~:
waS done nt the soma time alonr ~ith the two other che~icnls.
Th~ Inter sprayin~ was done after 5 ~2YS.
itt che first spr;}yin(~ with 'Fnli(!ol, cnly 2 l;l:mts were
attnckea by worms at 30% d~mn~c~
Fivu worms wcr~ C0untu~ ~n~
only nne worm wus accounted to he Je~J.
Durin~ the second sprayin3' 2 worms were c'.unted do~~ on
2 plnntR nt 20% 1nmnGc.
The chGmic~l wnS ineffectivc~
Effects of Fosfcrno
-
.
FosfGrnD was sprO-ye,--1 c::.t the r"t." cf 1 to 2 t;~:}lC:S?'-0n J,;cr
P'" ] 1 on '"
()- t..... '1/ +"
":"'I
r
I·ll' nr:,
'l)l~ 11 t"" \\.'J(-~ Y' 0 (~,~, t~~ n., ,. y '·Jr,·'r-ll'.S "t' 2 S%.'..
5 u,· -
~
~
~:, v , " , .
'
'"
1·
','
c--'
,- ~ -
-
-
u
v
'
,
•
~
d.,m~,[;00
Five wcrr:1S ?Ic;rc seen on tho pl:~ntG.
Out of the five
worms, two w~rc kille~~
Three pJ.nnts n.t 40% c1,:cm,i.l.;e W8X'C nccountud ,lu:ril1r~ the 30c'nd
sprnyinc;
Ten worms wore counted" nnd 4 worms wcr~ kill~d n.s
n
result of the sprayinG>
Effects of Phosdrin
A t' tho re commen(}ell claBo-GEl lE;vel of 3 tnl!lespuons pc: r 5 ',Tl
lon~s of wntar~
this chemical showod ~ hi~h decreo of effocti
vity.
At the first spr~yinc' 7 worms were counted on 8
~~ma[cd
pl0.nts.
Six of thcGE.! worms were de,cd ::lfteJ opn:'Ylne;.
At the second sprQying, 4 pLmts were; rlnmn{~e~1 l~y 11
:erms
and 9 of these worms wore eradicated as n result of tho sprny,
T,'d:'>LE 1.
EFFECTS OF THE THRCE CHEI'HCfcLS ~_LSED
ON THE NmmEI"( OF HCnMS KILLED
PEn rIOT "ND l{EPLIC/lTICN
-
-------_.~---..-
...
Trcnt
C 0.
n s
: Jl.vor:: ce
mont
1
2
._2
.~~.:.~~,_"
~_Hc: c_:n_w.~_
1
4
5
1.7
D
1
9
10
3 (")
. 0
c
2
2
4
1.3
D
3
3
lee
104
TADLE II.
ANtLYSIS OF VAilIANCE
- --_.-...
_"'._-----
........
__.,_..-_....
Trer\\ tmen ts
D.E.
S8
MS
OF
---._-------
-'-~
Dlocks
2
65~5
32.75
39 /+.518
Treatments
3
50
16.66
200.722
8
Error
6
0 •.5
.083 J
Tf)tol
11
115.0
48.4.93
Rcording residual effects, Phosdrin ShOW0d a longer rcsi
dunl effect.
Folidol nnJ Fosferno were more or less lo~er
in
residu~1.1 cff0cts. E[;["s unhatched durin!; sprayinc (Treo.tmcnt: of
Phosdrin) tended to be deformed when they hotched on~
others
not hotch at 0.11.
Fosferno n.nd Ecli,lo1, nlthouch they omitted v8ry
odorous
fumes, did not hODevor effect some of tho worms nftar spro.yinc;.
The worms were obscrveJ to he nornol nnrl soma c~me to
live
throuch the second applicntion of the two chemicals,
Fclidol
and Foaferno.
The worms were somewhat immuncd to the reponted
treatments iSiven.
CONCLUSION MiD RECONEUlDATION
The thr~e chemicals used ncteJ by their eont~ct ~n~
stc
ffii:\\ch renctions.
The rOGctions of Folidol and Foaferno
v/ere
slower.
Probably
these two chemic~ls hnJ leseer chemical c~n
ccntro.tions when mixed with water.
Phos]rin, however,
showeJ
Great effects bec~use it killed more worms as sho~n in tho
ex
periment.
It is recomli-Iended thr,t the ~)est w",-y to cn1c.hct'ltE:' p;.,-,:,ts
of
pech",cy c..ncl other v8[;et,::tblc:3 is to have f:l0r8 concentrn.ti(iD of the;
chemical when mixed with w~ter~
There is needed to ~ltarn~tc
other kinds of insecticides with the usual kind when contT"llinr
ins8cts and to ha vo two <1i ffcr0n'c chemi cals, th'>c~u,.,hly
"lixed
tor:;ether before C1pplic"tion •
I
•
105
11.PFGNDIX F
A cor-~r:,u\\ TIV:C ~.JTUDY el\\) T',C INSEC~~'ICIDES F(lI't
'rIlE CrNTJIO:L OF PEcnl, Y \\ ;ORH
' . i · ' _
By VJi lli:-cm !.mbomc 8; Luis rL~ swen!:"':
Aeronomy Stu~ents
Pcchay worm sevorely d,m~~~s pechny nnd other
rcl,:ted v"r:eV,bles.
The infcstnticJD ,stnrts
two
"
,
weeks ir~ml;(lintely r.fter the 8ce,llinrs he: V(;
been
trnnspl3nted.
Just like mest ef the import~nt in
sects dnm~~in~ ve~etable crops, tho larvne
which
,1. ttacks the lo,,_ves ,".re ve ry f,'lst in en. tin,:: so thnt
necess<try cnntro1 me~sures have 1,oen made.
Plants
nttr.cked produce very low yield ~nG qU~lity.
It h.:cs been o'}serve,-: thnt the usc of the-) [:1ix,
turc Ph~sdrin nnd DDT insecticides in s~rnyin~ the
plants hns rrcntly reduced infest~tion nnd ~t
the
same time has incr~nscd the yield.
The Obj0ct
of
this c;qx :.~:~ment \\;,r[lf.~ te; determine which ')f the
tw~)
chemie(~h, will £~ivG' u j')otter cnntrol of the insoct o
The eX1JC.;rimcnt was conc;uctc':! ,'."'Lt'the C(111ego L,~l'or:J.
tory Furm, Mountnin State ~~ricultur:J.l Col10~c, La
Trini c1;--" l ~ 0c-n, 'un t.
PI-n. .:l.rCCL ()i.' 81 sql.l~lr(' r~lt:t(.rs W~i.S c~ivi:~u("1 inc ..... thy,,-c ~.:l()cl{s ..
ECl.ch l·;·lock c;;nS~L:::;toC of thrE~':; :pJ.ots.
The ,-:'1',-', Vi:".3 cl(;.~'.U,-,(~, (i.u;.:,
anel prGpnr(;t,l intr plots ("'n~l ',,-,re: pl:J.l1tC(l "lilith ~)Cch0.Y~
The: !:1~_
tcriuls used ';~~',,; sickle, i~rnb hoc, complotc.: ft;rtiliz\\:..·r (14-1 1+,.
14) ammonium sulf~te, p~chny soods! ins~cticiJcs, c~r~y
pump,
nnd wntcrin~ cnns,
The sGcdlincs W0re tr~nsp1nntQd in the plots with
h~lcs
prepnred ~nrl ~ero r.pplied with cn~p10tc fertilizer three
weeks
after trMspl.:'..;' tin.r;.
Th0 ;irs t sr:rnyin{' VJ ':s m<'c(k \\'ihcE the se0~1-·
lings were three 'i/(;oks 0lel ll.ftcr tr"nspLmtinr;.
'l'hrc0
pJ.bts·
were sprayed
uith PhoaJrin, throe plots
with DDT
~n~ thrue
'.
plots with n mixture of DDT nnd FhnsJrin.
Sprn.yin[" \\",,<-5 done rc;l~ulQrly 1:~lith em interv,:,_l of three rlnys
,:.tncl the p1,:::.nt,c5 1;1cre: sprnyed four times.
VJeec1s IficreO' TI';t G'-; rc.n1
pant th",t thel'C 1i!:iS no necJ of Yiecrhnr;.
Of CCUrl3c' j)rojF;r C:l.r"
2nd muno..i'~ement "'~'.8 [~iv~n to :ill the ,pL':'.nts.
- - - - .
106
n::=SUL'N', "ND DISCUSSION
It v/'"\\s evidently ,shr·wn in T~:1';1(; J. J'\\~lr.)"w
th:,t thcJ pJ.;-",ltc
sprnyed with ~ mixturo of DDT and Phosdrin ~0rc not SCVCT0:Y
d:l.m."..e;,..:CL while those
spr,-:lyecl 1ilith }'ly)"l r in Wl,re ::'. l i ttl,; 1:-:; t
d~m~r~d followed ~y those s~rnycd with DDT.
- - - - - - -
...,.-------_
~
..~--_ ..
..
..
--~ ..-....-- .. --~ ~.-
.
.
. - " , .
.,
1st
2
4
1
it
0
1
1
1
L~
2nd
4
7.,
0
5
3
3
c
•.J:,.
2
. /
3rd
1
6
4
2
3
4
1
(1
Lf
4th
2
6
3
1
L~
2
3
4
"i
..
.,
......
~
_
....... _ ..,.----,....
_._.-
....
..
...... ,"._- ....,", " _.,_....
._"'..." ~-
---------._._~-_......... _._"_...~
-...._.....
-._~
.
TO Tf'L L
..
a
/
21
11
:
10
7
10
:
5
6
13
_-.._, 'v w_."" •• __.....•.•.._ ......... .•.
_
• _ ,__.",
_._
.... -..-...._ ...-.._ .._ -
--.........' _.........-.....
.-.-
_
~
~
"'_-.....-~
Totell pl".ni:s ntj;;tckc:~ ~)Y counts~
1. Phosdrin no
'
fi
•. 25
2 ~ DDT coo 0 _
0
D
31
0
..
:
3~ Mixturo 000'_. C ~ 23
- - - .
107
Tf,DLE II".
NUH:JEH (IF INSECTS :\\TTl.CKED
BY COUNTS
-_._
---<
~
No. Tim0S:
R e p 1 i c <-. t i 0 n s ......-,.......,_._----....--._.....,
Sprn.yec~ :
I
II
III
n
A
D
C
.u
C
!,
C
A
D
""-.."..,..;-.............-...----.-....
1st
1
2
2nd
2
2
1
1
1
3rd
1
1
1
4th
1
2
1
1
2
TOThL
. 5
6
1
2
2
1
2
1
;
..
--
.
- '.,..;,..~
-
~
~ ...--=---
CONCLUS ION MID TIE CmlNJE:NDI\\ TION
It could be soen in Tatle I ~n0 II th2t the most
cf~
fectiv0 amone the chemicals US0~ was n mixture of DDT
and
Phosc"l.rin.
Usc. 1 without ,my mixture, TJ hc.'3C1rin is
notlQ ef...
fective than
DDT o
A mixturE) of nichlorocliIJhync:ltrichl(,r'_)eth~mc with :PhoE';-'
drin f=av8 Cl v,:ry r;on!1 j)rotection to the rl-'.uts.
The :-plnnts
sprayed with this mixture of ch&micnls were found
to
have
leSsor clnma~2 compared to those sprayed with DDT and ~hos~rin.
It is, th,rcforc:, rccomrnc;l1cllc: th.~t in the
contrlof
pechr\\y worm, ,':',. nixtu:r-e of DDT 2nd Phosdrin "0 'LH3(,;J.. \\,Ji tll'jlJt
a combination, Phosdrin is mcr~ effectiv~ than DDT~.
Another experiDont on th~ control of pcchny ~Grm
is
further
recommcnde~.
108
l'..PPENDIX G
j, S'l'UDY OF THE UTI1IZ;'~TION
OF DILlS FLOUR
By Lcurn A. Ac~yorn
Food Tech 107 Student
The exvorimont utilized dilis flour in
pIneo of mo~t in nent lonf, ffiGrl lumpia~
ment ballS nnrl for the duplicntion of Kro~
peck utilizinr fish flour from
unspecifieJ
fish spocieso
The prep~red dilis flour w~s
added to pinnchot to improve its nutritive
value~
All the recipes u8in~ the fish
flour
were ra ted hiehly by tho t.::lstc: pr'..llel except
for two, the fish loaf nne1. fish lmllso
The
fish l)nlls hod rm undesirn")lc l"ough to.rturc
thnt could he felt on the thront. The In~vos
hnd n pronounced fishy odor,
All the rest
Ii/erc ve ry D.ccepLn1;le of [';ood ta~,t8 t:md f 1a···
var"
IN'I'IWDUCTICN
Lon[;jnwed C'.nchovios, Stc'lel'harus Cor:wHJYsoni.' 10c:'.11y known
o.S o.ilis, is n POllulur St".lI·-"\\;~"f;~ fish'=--' -It ;;nks thirc1 in the
list of thi;) r10st common o.n(l abundant fish in Phi.l i;' 'inc fishin,'
centc,rs, but there o.r<: fow stu'hes cc:ncluctcd on its m:;0fulness 0
----
Dilis is comncrcinllv sol~ in the market in its frosh
~nd
"
dehytlrn.tec1 form.
Frosh l?-_lis is cookod ,':18 vi::md wi th
vineC1.r ..,
s:"11 t em ,1 S~)iC0S or is m(,dc into b[1,Goon[~ i).nd p:.::, b.s nf hiGh
ql1.~,
l i t yo
The dried onGS nre camm-nly tousted an~ e~t0n with tonn
toes or ch'''.mi1or;c':oo
Fresh nn·' ':oGd quo.lity dilis :,rE:: ':est forlryin,r:"
They
n.re V!.'\\sho(b s.''Lltcd c,nd (~ricr:·.:crtifici::111y 0r 1iy sun-lryin," wi t!.l
IJ. Nendo:z,n., Phi.lip!inc Fooc.:~s, 'I'hciT ProccsGinr; :Ll1t:: NC:llU'"
;£''1. ct lJL.Q.' (Mr1.nil.u ~3;-~';;~ '";f'1\\ T;tiY{C {";'thc -Phiii:·;:Jil~CS·;-:L·)6-i)-,
p. 206.
- .
-
-
-
109
heads removed or intact.
If they arc dried artificial~y in tun~'
nels, the teMperature for clryin[~ must not excoed 70°C.
The fi~
nal-~oistur8 content ranges from 20 to 40~, a con~ition
unf2..
vorD. ble for the Growth 0 f micro-or[';imj.srr.
.
Nutritio~o.ll~, eJ-i.lj~ is i7.. Good source40~ c:,leiu~)
proc"in,
1ron,.and D v1tam1ns.
AccorJlnB to Perez,
ltS C2..1C1Um
content
is mu'ch more them th:"tt found in an equCl.l weicht of fr()sh
milk.
Analysis shows that every ono hundred 8rams of Jricd dilis ~ivos
16.7 ems. moisturG3 ))1 l;ms. calori0s1-68.7 ems. l)rot(;in;'~
4·.2
gms. fntj·l).) ems. ~sh; 2,381 [~s~ calcium; 1,489 mSSM phospno
ro~s; 23.4.mG~. ~ron; .01 m[~. thiaminc; .23 mG. riboflnvinj :::tnd
7.5 mi:s. D1nC1n.
Since dried di1is .s n nutritious food' this cx~crimcnt was
conducted to find 'out 'tfie '-lcc(.pta~)ility of lJro<iucts rn.:tde: vlith its
fleur.
The products were fish loaf, lumpin, fish ballsi
fish
krocpeck, and pinncbet.
The flour was prepared ~c:c~use it G(;0mS
more convenient to use nn~ store •.
This expcriment VirtS performed on r-brch 26 to :,~,ril,4) : 1971
at the Hountilin St~te i\\griculturn.l Colle;-~e, La Trinict,(', Dcn[;uct.
2T • N. Horris, !!l£ ~ehylration of Foods.
(Londo!"): D. Vo.n
Nostand Company' 19600, po 173 ..
3H• C. Sh0rmun, Fnods Products.
(New York:
Thc MacMillan
CompanY' 1948), p. 226~
4p • :t:erf.;z,
Evc.:ry,tny Foo~~s in ~ Phili~.:pinC's.
(Quezon
City: Dani.:'.uf: Pu1l1ishinc; COJl1pi:lny, 1953), 'p. 285,
5Institute of Nutrition.
Handbook I
Food COQposition
Tnl'le.
(Manila: Diochemistry Divisi()n, 195~~p 52-53.
110
H:,rEETII/.LS f,ND HETHODS
';.
'~'
A. Materio.ls
, ,
Fish flour, whe,:ct flourJ 0ni0nSJ s:,\\lt, pepper, f:,t, e::i',.s,
soy s'J.uce, tomc.to8sJ winced h).::'tns, ecr:plont, ckr;:lJ
Clml)2.1c~Y:1'
camote, carret, lumpio wrnpperJ milk, limo, ~roun~ rice, bro~d
crumbs ond woter were the in5rcQients usoQ.
The materials were n set of measurin~ spoons, knifo, chop
pinB Loard, steamur and loaf pan, Gns stoYe, basin,
~ortCl~lo
oyen, flntform balance, trCly' set of weip,hts, one
cornmeal
Crin {ler"
D. E!E0rimentol Desi
Flour ofJtaincc1 by ;;rinrling well-dried dili_s
with
corn
meal
Grinder was usoJ for the preparation of tho fish
loaf,
fish bnlls, fish kro(?pcckJ fried lumpi0. an ,1 I)inac1:ot ..
In tho prepClrntion of those productsJ 100 crams
of
the
flour was
used to suhstitute for 1-1/2 cups of tho
!round
ment in mont loaf;
50 srams, to substitute for 500 Grams
of
erount mei:l.t in mont 1')011s; onc1 25 gro.ms to fortify the;
nutri
tive value of a recipe of pinacbet~
h r0cip~ for
fish
kroe
nock was duplicnted using tho fish flour prepared for the
ex
poriment.
The rucipes o.re in the ~ppendix~
The modification in procedures thnt devi~t~d from
~re indicnted in the recipes were as follows:
Lumpia _ The fish flour was wet with four tQ11~spnDns of
w~ter before it wns stirred into tho h31f-cooke0 vcgctn~lo6~
Fish bo.lls - The mixture of fish flour, ecs, pep~cr
nn~
whe['<t flour W~5 wet with one-half cup of eV<""lpor.".t8 ..1 milk. before
it WAS formed into bolls.
Fish lord .- Th8 fish Ilour VJas ,wt lNith six t,~, ..LeslJoons Df
wnter before it wo.s aade~ to the ~runJ crunb nixturc
Pin,'J.c"et - Thr",,) tcdJ1.<2spoons of \\:r,tcr Has used
': wc't the
f ah flour uelore it \\'/(,5 IJ.c1(1ec1 to the 13"-'.utcc1 onil";l1s':1:n ~ b)mc:
taos.
-
- .
1..L1
Kroepe ck -
The: krcc-',';(; ck t'8ci 1';0 cc:llc,l for one
tC:::Ls;;')on
,.<
"
snlt L,nel three tr:l:-leSl)OCnS (!f rish flnur.
'This was IJr(;~)o.:r(.d
but subsequent sample; used 1~3/4 teaspoons s~lt onl Gi~
ta
blespoons of fish f10ur for'the s~mc Clmount of rice ~n~
tho
rest of th~~ ill';rcc1iGnts in the od. .::inc,l reci1)c.
C. EV.'11w,tion
The products were 0.11 eV(lluated by E'- heste po.rwl of
12
m8l>lbers from the Foo(} T(~chnolot:';y 107 elns::;.
S:,mpl()s cf
the
r~tin~ c~rds used follow:
sconE C:.DD FOR F:riIED LUflLPItl
Trinl No.
(Plc:-t3C cheek the 1.,-\\xes th:-,.t 1 \\:st r.C tc the..
/ '
cho.r,::lcb.;rif,ties of the ;'To,:luct.)
~)unlities
_ ...
~
Seorod
1. Colnr
Golden brown
5
L~_~7
l)o.le
3
L~ _7
burnt
o
L-/
T,;xtuTs- (cxL~rior)
?
crisp
5
/- 'i
sc::r:S l-:-'..nd limp
3
L. /
'couCh
1
j~
" ~.
3. FL~vor
5
l _~7
to.llovry
2
C~/
~crid
0
C~7
112
b. Fillinc:
well-blended
5
L~.~,,7
too spicy
3
L _-~7
fishy
2
L_7
too bland
0
L:.7
tasty (well-seasonod)
5
c:J
S-:llty
3
t:=l
t.'1.stelQSS
1
c:J
l'OTl,1
L 25.7
L_7
HUffio.rks: (Plr;n..s,; in,iic~te unc]c:sirccl)le ch~r~cturistics if
nny.
~
) __-_.__
..
._._--_..
Triol Nc.
(Plc,se check the :-'oxes th·'.t best r~~ tc the cbi_~r.:-:.c
turistics of the product.)
Qunliti~6 ScorcJ Porfect Score
Scar...:::! s Seen.,
;. .
1...
Color
uni form 1~rown inr;
5
L-~7
pole
2
L~)
lmrnt
0
1-~7
"-----.
crisp, sfrwoth
5
1-...-7
.3
r~~l
.
-
113
hC\\.rd &: thick
1
1J. Crumb
tun(~0r &: mnist
5
1.:7
sli"htlylTy
2
L __._7
tendur 1",ut rnu{;h &
irritntinr on the
, "
thro2l.t
o
3. Flavor
wcll-Llende<l
5
~7
ton spicy
3
L }
fishy
1
L j
off-fl<:wor
0
f..c}
4. Tnste
L-j
5
snlty
3
I~~/
/- _7
bLend
1
I 25 7
, - ;
---...~
Remarks: (Indic~te undeGi~~~le ch~r~cturistic if ~ny.)
._----------~----------~
114
SCOJECI,RD FO:; FISH !iJ'.1LS
Trin1 No.
(Plu:'iic check the ])CX(;S th.:-~t Lost r,~te t:1L' c.ht,-r~l.c,~
teristicB of the ~roduct.)
Porfect Score
L Color
evenly brovJnE:; d
5
L '7
pGle w/d~rk streaks
2
r-7
burnt
0
/ ~,_I
2. Texture
tender ~"' ,juioy
5
L~__ /
c().:::crse & dry
2
r ...7
tond0 I' bu t '" '~nc~y.? rOH,r~h
anlL irri t;;, tin:; on the
thro~,t
1
3 .. Flcl.vor
5
L.-7
fishy
2
L:-7
off-flo.vor
0
I )
4. TnsL,
5
too spicy
3
tasteless
1
Rero.nrks: (Jtn;.~ic:' t,'. undesirn hle chnrr\\ctc):ristics if !l.ny.)
115
SCOll2C~JD Fe] PINACDET
Trial No.
(P1e:C8o check the j',oxes th,-,t ll e st r~,t,--s Uk chc:r:'_c~·
teristics of the: product.)
Qualities ScoTed
Perfect Score.
Sco:n;r 1 s Score
--......
1. flppearo.nc e
attrQct1veJ uneven
color
5
l~-/
unr:.ttr:cctive
3
J _/
discolored
1
~7
soft
3
tou'"'h
u
1
3. Flnvor
ph~lSinf'; (wc11-1Jlenlled)
5
Lc ./
fishy
2
L:"-/
off-Iavor
~7
0
L-__
tasty ~n0 w~11-se2Boned
5
L...-7
7,
L
/
/ '
to.f; to Ie 55
1
7
/
0
_ _
TOrrilL
0 /
L-~1
Rem:crks:
(In'~icn to u, c~csircl"lc ch,':\\ r.ccteri5tics if <:J.ny.)
-
- -
-
- - -
116
SC,JTrBC/.RD FO [( FISH KROEPECK
Trio.l rIo.
(P1e:,GC: check the b0xes th,t best r.:,to tho C11"Y'o.C
teristics of tho ~roJucto)
Qun1itics Scared
Perfect Score
Scorer' G S coro
~--~-----
........~
1. Color
uniformly whito
5
/~7
dull
2
LJ
dD.rk
0
L::i
crisp
5
~/
3
C7
1
l._:~1
3. Flnvor
pleClsing
5
C._7
fishy
2
L_ /
0
£'-:_1
4. Tnste
· .'
5
L: /
8':11 ty
3
r"7
,-~
tQS teles,s
1
I.~-_./
o.crid
o
L_7
1:::..'7
Remo.rks:
.(In(1ic.:,_tc unr1e5ir:-~1)le chClT<::ctcristics if -,ny.)
,,- --~-~--------
.•.~---
117
RESULTS AND DIScnSSION
Dnsed on the: rc;sul ts, t,S srl('wn in ']',:tble I, it i,5 "vi('cnt
th"t use
of fish
flour on fried vei:oto1)le lUffi;)i,1. :-;-'.VG
v"ry
o..ccepto.ble product.
The;
filling W"S cOl1sidered to h.'lve well
blended
flQvor QUO
wns testy.
The fishry odor of the flour
wns not
noterl
in the c()okel~
lumpiec nn,l
other
IJroducts
utilizin~ it except fish lonf.
The llinacbE:t wns ul1::1.ttrn.ctivc or un::~ppetizin[: in nP:i:10';t-·
rnnce bcc~use
of the
rrayish
strenks
that the fish
flour
imp.:lrted
on the v8Get-'lbles o
At any r",te,
the pinac~)et
Wt;.S
more tn.sty than 0ne without the fish flour.
The £ inC'.. 1 rish tolls wure evenly '-)rown,
h:::.J
woll
blen~ed fln.vor and Dore tnsty.
On the first trial, when ~l~in
wnt ! w~s usc~ to uet th0 flour, the cooked pr0c1ucts
had
a
snn(~ry
,J.~d clry GOxturi;.
The USf!
or milk instc'.d
of w"t8r,
and incren.sin~ its .:lmount from rour t~blcsp~ons to
ona-h~lf
CU;), mn.do tho fish 1)::,-11s tender ,end !;'IOist.
IIov./over,
th8 un,~
de,siro.~_:,le rou:;hnc:ss felt on th,) thr')at [!emo.in0d
Nonotheless,
G
they were Qcccptc~18 to tho ~anel members as lonr 0.6 they were
tnkcn in small noounts.
Apporently, the amount of fish fl0ur usaJ In the
loaf
waS too much.
The pr~Juct possesseJ n prominent fish
odor,
wns touch,
nnd h~d Q leathery crust.
Despite the abovo, the
fish locf was
rntcG to be tasty~
IncrensinG ~he .:lmnunt of salt from ~ne tc~spoon to
one
and three-fourth t~~spoona ond the nmount of fish flaurj from
three to.-b1espoons to six ttl ;ilesroons, irnprcv8c1 the tLlGte
RBd
f10vor of the kroepeck.
Their texturc~s were os crifJp,
~~nd
,
their color as white, as those prepared with less s~lt
.:mc1
fish flour.
;'1
-
,
118
rrLl1E 10 SUNII;.JH OF Pj~;NEL EVJ\\LU!\\TICN 01''' rIVE
rilODUCTS
UTILIZING FISH FLOU1
Q,l:JI\\.LITIES SCQ ':ED
,.~---~
"".............. ......_.-..
-~
=========:= "================
Pr(~ duc ts
Color
Texture:
Flavor
'I'e.ste
Fri0d
Filling
Ve,r;et21ilos: Plc..., 5in rr
T,s t Y ::l!1c1
lumpia
:un~ttr,tiv8:
(tewler)
well seo. ..
s o~J.e d, ~
o
•
~---.------'--_.,--
Fish lOE1.f
Pa,le
~Crust (touryh) Fishy
T.::\\,sty c.nd
: Crumb (h,n-:
well
:ckr ::,1'1.;]
SCClsGnccl
: moist)
--------'..,._._---------
-----~-,,~
Fish 1;,,118: Unevenly
Ple,sing
Testy "n:~
'!':.c',lwned
:juicy but
(wull
well Sl',,'..
:with Y'()ur~h
blended
son.ec1
:texturc folt
:on tho thrc(,t
.
.
.
----------- ---_..__._----,
P ino. c ]wt
: Uw, t t r'"t i vc : V0 (·c t.J. bles
','jell
,,'
: (tenrler)
'l)lenc1~-~d
"-'---,---------'--
Fish kr0e-:Unifarmly
:Crisp
peck
white
---_._---
.~ ........._~. ..,..-
_ _
.......
'~
~ ' _ - . < > o . : a r r _ ~ · _
=,,~
CONCLUSICN UW 11ECOMJ'1END:,TII.JN
The use of Q;.:i1is flour for the TJI'up,r ~tinn of fried hun
pia,
kroepeck ~nd ns a fortifier for pinacbet ~iV8S accGpt
"blc proc~uct.
In the pnop"r:ltion "if fish 1,,,113 rend fish lr::'f.'
i t is sur:;r~cste(1 tb"t further studi(~s be cC'nducted on how
to
im~)rnvc; them.
The fish 1,i.'t lls were rnu:~h :'n th, th:c r ,;:"' t,
:,nd
the fish lORf hod Q stronG fish odor,
Perh~ps,
the
~,ro'uct
C.:ln be iml'rov<2d by the, ,')(1justment c\\f thu 'l.mount of f10ur usc r}
or by the incorp8r:~.tion of other in,'~r,:;(licnts th".t mny l:eLL-le
to nn5k the uncesir"hle characteristics ~hBcrve2.
It is Cllso
sU:':rcstc,l th::t 8utic1cs on more, w,ys of utilizin,' ~l~l_~'l
fleur
be c()ncluctc;;1 lKc':.uG8 i t c,-',n 1,.: :;-, chc'1p sul'stituto fur mv:t,
j
.
119
Gi:~l<1.n[,.; Zoila Iv1. E~c~.2.:J2~.£!. the .Phili,;i)inc S;_~~~::~ 0.nd
Ill'-~u.stry. Hnnilr'.: HcCul1(~u{\\h Printinr; Cr")rnr:o·ny,
1950.
b35 pp.
IInrris, Jess ic ,:->n<l others.
Ev-.:ryd<1.Y Foods..
Rou:~hton:
The
Riverside Press CnrDhri<1n:c, 1954. -- 608 pp.
i'-1enc1ozo., Jose H.
!:Ejlippine
Foods
Thei.r
Processir:'12 ~_ml No.
nuf.:1cture~ H:\\nil~"'.: DUJ'e'l.u of Printin:--: in the Phi1i r,nine,s,
196.1.• 42.1 P:i.}.
Lr)D30n: - D. Von Not'3
H(~rris, T. N. :rh~ Dchydr"'. hon of F()'2.d~.
trC'Lncl Cnr~i>Yr1Y' 1950.
173 pp..
Porez, Pl"Cflen t.:lcion.
~fl("1c,-y: Fools 2:-E th:::. ~q}.J-i Lji..:2-~· Que
~on City: I\\,~n:'luc "eu',lishin[" COrrI]"Jr-.ny, 1953. 286 ;)P~
New York:
The
-
- - - - -
-
-
- - - -
120
ftPPENDIX
Sh.n'~'.rd rc-ci:ws USL'J res .··ui'les in the 1)rc':,~3' '.ti n ,',[ i'L3h
le",f, fish ",:-[115, fish 1 Uf!Jpi:,, [In'; fish kr(:c~J(~ck.
t-'Ie"t Lenf
1 be, ten c r~g
1/2 c. fi0ft ~rd~4 crumbs
1/2 c. milk (evnpor~ted)
1 1/2 c. ~round hecf
3 thsp. chappel] onions
3//+ tSll. s:llt
"'1/2 tSIJ. !)eppor
rrurn on thE: oven nnel set th" ternper-,turc~ C',ntrcl [tt 350°F.
Put the ::e.~ten C:',C' ])rc,Hl crul'1bs, "',nd milk in D. nixin-:
bowl~
Adrl the beef, onions, s-".lt, z;;nc\\ pe~)per t , the l)rci',ll crumL<:, mix
ture <1nd mix Ij,cohtly.
Press the j');c:",t lii,~htly into n
c;rec.scd
lo~f pnn.
Bnke 30 ninutcs to one hour dupondin~ ur0n the size.
Serve hot or ccl[] with t,'!11..·' to SGuce.
Pinacbet
300 Cr'iS. e:'.J/L,nt
192 r;r'ls. ,m .:::"l:t yr>,
200,",:l!1s.·tnw,tocs
100 ,.--;ms. "niems
2 tL s p. 1'-~ r,l
1 c. btl ,":0 on ,' iuico
6 pes. ~Gdiumu6izc okr3
2/3 c. shrimp mc~t
Sill t
to t.--:s tc
1 11
Cut the vl:f~(1t,,"lus int" qur,rt'~r.s nncl
CU~JCS" S,:,ute
the:
onions .'l.nd tr:r;1['1. to 0S for 5 minutes.
fi...2J th", chriI1p !TlC,:,t,
nn(~
bD.goon[~ juice. 1,(1,1 the :,-mpn,L~Y2' cC;:-:;:'lc.:.nt ~ c.nJ okro.
Cov.:::r
Q
o.n~ c00k until done.
Me.:..t bnlls
2 1/2 c. pork Cir 500 l;r:1,'03. (;rounc1)
1/2 c. flOUT (wlL;n.t) [)r 55 ·.~ms.
2 J:,trgc e, ('5 or 140 .r;rns.
s81t Qnd pCPI)cr to tQste
121
Mix the;:;round pork, e,··s,::.nd flour in ::'.. bowlb
.s (:::-"S on
with snIt ~nJ )2pper.
Form into b~115 nnl fry in hr;t
f::'..t~
Serve with a sw~et snur snuce.
1 c. or 20 ~m5. ~ork
1 T. or 10 i~ms. c,rlic
1 c. or 100 ,-ms. onions
2. T. or 55 c~s. l~rd
2 c. or 100 pos. c:>,1)1)Q.[;8
2 c. or 335 Gms. SW0~t yot~toes
2 c. OLf 190 (':ms. l)c::ms
2 l'12l1ium c'Crrots
shrim~ juicu or w~tcr 1/2 c.
slll t Ctnd )(;i.>per to to.ste
S~ute the g::.rlic in Inrd until trown.
AJd th~
oniens
nnJ stir for 2 minutes.
Add the ~0rk and shrimps juice. Co
ver "nd cook un ti.l rnc'.t is done.
1,(1(1 the ve';ot,:tblcs (HJ.C'. sec.
son with SGI t nnd pepper and st ir (mce in r:: while t:'~.~rcvsnt
scorchin(~~ \\'1hen clow::,. rCr.J0ve from fire o.nc1 cool" 1.4r:11) n:~!)ut
3 thsp. in lurnpia wrappers.
Fry in deep f~t ~nd serve
with
r1. S;luce e.
Fish Kroepec~
1 c. uncooked rice
1 c. w,.",ter
1 tsp. fine so.lt
3 tbsp. fish powder
1 tsp. lime solution
(1/4 T. lime to 1/2 c. w~t2r)
Wash the rice once Ctnd sonk nvcrni~hto
Tho next
mcrn
inr;,. WC1.sh rish thorouchly, then drnin.
Add 1 crmp \\ci-' tel' 2ne:.
r:rind thorour,hly on n DGCtl ';rinder.
S -f., ir r;rounc1 rict.
."nc~
blend in fish ,owder3 s~lt ~r~:t lime solution.
Prcpnrc
a
stc-:mer or n beilor or:my p,m with <">. COVt?r.
It sb'uld
:j0
wiele ,'Cn;} Joel) ;,;nou!~h tr; :1ccommo>te the: mcl,:s v/hcrc the kroe·
peck batt~r will be ste,mod in.
PICtcC ~ rack ~t th2 bottom
of the ste~mcr ~Dj pl~co enouGh w~tcr just to covar th~ r~ck.
l'lc.cc 2-3 tl,sp~ of tho prcp".rc1 batter intI! " ;,i(~ l'::'.l'l <:ir -i.n:.'.
simil;r J:l3.D; sprceul cvC'nl~T om,: S +c:;"m for 3~5 minu t:,s or u:,J,t il
lx'- ttcr is thorr)'..):'hly cookc(\\.
Rc;~ucc the 0.mcunt of b.',ttcr
tc
1 tlJsp. ,VJhen ~nnll mol(ls ~.rc uscd&
i1emovc-J mnlds from [.,CC'Clf<l<:r
,~ncl cool in '~ 1}"sin of cold vi:~'bro
Cut iT-te, ;~osir0·1 size's ::1.11.1
l i f t from th,:; r;'\\ol:: \\'lith Cl. knifl:.
Dry ,".11 ',decas in tr,ys
in
the sun for 2-3 cl,ys.
SorV0 by fryinc it fi~8t in dcup
fat
or store in r10isturo proof 1).""[';8"
-
-
--~
-
122
APFENDIX H
UTILIZI'.TION OF PIGEON PEl, FLOUTI
Dy Erlind~ S. Sonido
Food Toch i07 Stu~ent
Flour from matured nnd well chcsen
pigeon pe,,<s W'l.S usve] in tho prcp,~r·~tir'n
of ukoy, CSP:1601, bover.,!~e, ':1.nd
(,nien
soup.
Fir~on pen flour c~n
serve
~s
l'indcr in ukoy, ,',,8 fill,)r in
GSjx1s r)1,
."":' ....
•- ...%'
~nd ns thickener in S0Up.
It
imp~rts
Cl
plc.::ts'utt fl,:'. V0r to these ~)r()du cts ,-,,1-·
thoui;h i t tenrts tc Civu ,':1. fl"t
t.::lstc
in ukoy ~nQ soup.
\\'oJith cr,conut, its hyrlrrltion
or
thickcninc:; ;)roIlc rty is rc;c1uced. so
the. t
more of it is nodded to prcp'l.ro osp~snl.
Pi",)on ;)(:"
flour c:l.nnnt su1Jstitutc
for coffeo in bever,:c;o 1)(~C2USe it !~ivc~s
unp1ans2nt flnvor "nd 'land t.::tsto~
REVIEW OF LrCEHATURE
Pigeon pe:1, scientifically known:cs ~,:j~~ .£21.:.2,1 b8
lon[~s to the fnroily ler;uminncG,~ce.
Its nl'.tive nClF!8 is c::."~ius.
This plcnt cnn be found ~n uny land above son
level.
It is nbun~},"nt durinr; sumFwr.
It is dric.1 like Lv,ns
<:end
similnr1y utilized.
It provi:les nutritious emd (;::tsily (;li:~0steJ
fu()(~
for
both mun Clnc: ctnim~!l.
It is hirh in lJrO tc:in nne; lCl."..y ')(;
cooel
substitute for manto
The nucrients fr.;un(: in 100 CY'''1r:Js
of
the sends ,::ere: prote-in, 19.h !~r"'ms; f:it> 1.3 (;F'.m.s; c}r1~()hy-
1 Uni vcrsi ty of the l'hilii)l'in"s, Colle ;',;(, of
h.j';ricul ture ,
Dc.:ui "Del h.:':. Production of the Philij)l'ines"
(L.~'" i";un<:1..;
Ul}C/~
P"ri:ntin(: P;;:;s~, ~9635 ;-p:-67:"'"
-
- - - - - .
123
dratosJft6?~9 ~~nms; ~nd iron~ 3.~ mili~r~rn5. Ev.ry rne hunCrGd
crnms or lh'O ,~lves 339 calo:nes.
The seeJs :,1'0 utilized ns vi":.m~s but no lit(;r,~'.turc" hl~;-'bc"on
foun~ to show its usa ns a flour.
This resc~rchJ w~s therefore:
performed to determine whether pi~con pdU flour c~n
'ed&quc:ely
act as hinder and thickener and whether it can substitute
for
coffee in ]wvcrcl.c;e.
It was 8,160 ccnductecl to find ways ,,~f
uti
lizinr; the flour to increase the nutri ti va vnlue of S'>1110 common
ly prepared ctishes.
This experiment w~s con~ucted nt the M~unt~in St~te
A~ri
cultural Colle~B)
LA. Trinidnd~ Uen~uet from N0 vember 4, up
tG
December 8, 1970.
A. Mrcterinls
Pl[}80TIiJ80. flour ~
su[;nr ~ flltllngki t, ccc 0 nut
mi.l~':;hx:itllp..
shrimp juice!
onion, papayaJ purico, snlt, and ~~rlic were used
as iogr.di~g.t;--
Mnture pir:con ~}e.'ls that '.'rere well I)odded \\'h're selectc '. 'l'he
seeds were removed from the podsJ drieJ for two weeks. an: Jroun~
ftnely~
The flour W~G used as a substitute for the storch Linder
in ukoy,' filler in espCl6ol ..., etnel thickener in Oni0L1.
soupo
The
tOCtstecl fl(}Ur Vl0S used as [l substitute f01' c''>ffee in
lJevcr.:o,:':e •
. .--_. .,
The recipes are in the a~~endix~
C.. Ev'=\\luntioftl
The products were ev,-'lunted 1)y four to-stin:" ',J:l.nel mem1:crs"
The quality of the pr0~ucts a~prai6e~ were color, texture
or
consistency, flnvor Jn~ tqste.
124
TI~j.SUL'i:',s .'ND DI:.;CTJSS ION
Results shown in Tnble 1, in~icate th~t the USG of vi~Gon
pee, flour is ac cepted in ukc,y ~ eS}J,':'lsol, and oni,H} SOU)e
Nc chGnges were mo.(:'! in the UKOy unit onion SOUl)
rc;cil'cs.
Equivt'.lent o..ml;unts of pir"8on pen flour in ukoy ;;ro([ucG(1
the
sume de~ree of cohesiveness as whc~t flour.
The ukoy with pi
Geon peo.. flour were colden brown in color~ Gnd very
pl8as~nt
flnvor, but fl,t in taste Gnd cOarse in texture.
The
coarse
texture could be
duo to
the D.hse~ce
of ~
more
efficient
grinder that ~rinds to n finer flour.
T1\\.DLE 1. SUMHi,IiY OF P.<-\\NEL EV:.LUATION ON FOUR
PRODUCTS USING PIGEON PEA FLOUR
In the csrasol, the ~ieSeon pen fl0ur wns incrcnsec
by
one-half cup because it a~sorhed less liquid than the
rice
flour so that the os-p"sol etpl'ec.red wet
The t8xturo W~.S
0
course,
but the flnvor was plen6~nt.
The onion srJUp hCl'~ n c' nsistoncy liko th:... t thickened with
whe~,t flnur.
It hr,d ,'1. \\'Iell blended flnvor, yell()\\~ color, coc,rsC
texture, nnd fl~t tetste.
As a substitute for coffcQ~ the toastod ri~Gon pC3
f10ur
getve 0 color liko that of coffee, ~ut the fl~v~r w~s unJlensnnt
and the blste ','-i,~lS blnnd.
125
conCLUSION l,ND HECOlvjJIEl'·)J'.'I'ION
Pi(~eon jJ2':C flour is as SOO(l 0.. bin:~er ~,s ,"'rho" t fl~,ur
in
makin[~ ukoy ond ,tS ("0;')(1 0. filler n.s rice fleu.r lor E:Si).'[;( 1 if
the proportioj used in the recipe is slightly incre2sc~
by
one-hnlf cup.
The flour' is also it ,'ood thickener for sr'Uj). It
onnnot substitute for coffee in :)ever.'tf;e bcc,use ef its
'..,un·
pleasant flnvor nnd blond taste.
PiReon PCQ flour tends to produce viands that ~ro
flot
in taste so th~t it is sue~ested tl~t stu2ics ~n how to
im
'.;:::"..:;,:
prove tnste by the USI3 of se.:lsoninc like monosodium glutC'-mnte
be made,,,
.... :.
126
HEFE~~ENCES
Crnck8r, Detty.
Detty Crcckcr's Picture Do"pk Dook.
New Ysrk
McGrnw Hill C;:-Inc., 1964.
462. PP:-
Institute of Nutrition H~1D(11)ook I.
Food and NutritL~:E. Ho.ni·
la: 1957t
85 pp.
Mercndo, Toribio V.
£;, GUid~ tr) Verbt'1ble G"'.r(Lmin.:.~.
M,mil'l.:
Abivo. P" .. 'lishinr; House Coo, 1950.
232 pp.
Perez, Presen t".c ion.
Eve rycl.'ly Foods in the Phili-;)":)_~nes. Que
zon City:
D,".w1ue Pul'lishing Co., Inc., 1953. 2B5 pp.
The Sr.::.n Mir;uel Corpor:ction.
The SClmnko. GuiJe.
M:cnil~'_, 1962.
163 pp.
12'7
APPENDIX
flour 1 1/2 cup
shrimp 1/2 cup
shr imp juice 1/2 cu;;
onion 1/4 cup
P<:l1; "yo. 1/2 cup
f:,t for frying
SD.lt and p8pper to taste
Pl,J.ce the fi', t in D. frying 1JL1.D ('lv:}r D. modt:~r:·.tc fl;}lYJe.
M::;:ill
while, prCptlrE': the l,J(l ttcr 1)'';/ mixinL~ the: flour Cln<l shrimp
juiCe
in :t bowl.
sen,son wi th 5i,1 t
c',n(~
Add the rest of the in~redients ~nd a time In a saucer o.nd
pelJper.
PlttcC 1/3 cup ()f the mixture: ::tt ,~ol '.',]n brown.
Se rye
lrop i t in the deep hot fnt.
Conk until
hot with vine~:tr.
malQ~kit 1/2 cup
rice flour 2-1/2 cup t0~stcd until li~ht brown
su[:;:,r 1 CU1)
coconut milk 1/2 CU)
Deil the mn.l\\d<.i t.
HCCln\\':hilc~ plClce the GU!::~r nne', coconut
milk. . Thcm o.de; the boilc <1 mn.1Cl;'ld t.
Stir ",n~' c c·ck until
thickens.
j\\d,', 2-1/2 cup of tC:'l.sted flour.
Hix vi\\~ll with
woodc,n
spocn ::tnd pound in 3. lU:::30nr~ "'1' pass throu;;h
D.
rn2:..... t
1
;"Tinder.
Divide int\\', 2 ;){,rts Clnc1 roll each ].lcrtic'n te: ilb,;ut
li
i:oot lon,'" with n diilmet0~ "f about 2-1/2 ..
Coffee~,r:->,r~.o
TOflst the pii~eon pe,::\\ f10ur ovor t't lYJorler0.te fl0.mr; until Ijr;ht
brown.
For ,-very cup of hot I'nter~ ClJ-c1 1 tn.hlcs),K>on pii':,oon ;;8.:'
flour.
AJcl sur;C\\r c3.nd milk accorc1inr; tn the inchvic1unl pref(lrCl"1Ct.
3p r~s(lntnci()n Perez, Eve ryc.by. F()~)_ds in the !:h~ 1~'I)]..:in9i3·
Quezon City: (Dnn"u8 l'u1)lishinc~ C('. lnc. ~ i95))-; ~)~ 131.
4
,
11 "
~~'
128
Onion Soup
onion 1/2 cup minoed
pork 1/2 cu~ sliced
W:l tor 2 cups
flour 1/3 cup
Cunk
Doil the pork until ten:er.
Slice int~ small ~i2ccs. ~'hC'n
with VlC\\tor.
J',dc1 the l)rok nnl1 onion.
SimplOr for t'.. while.
ndd the f10ur. Stir well nn~ cC'ok one minute. S2~S0n with
per and salt.
Serve hot.
129
APPENDIX I
COWI'liOL OF DISCOLOT~"TI(:,r, I:~
DRIED r:=;,':s INr'lOlJ
Ey J oficphinc W. Ti'l)0nr~
FooJ Tech 107 Student
This experiment w~s perf~rmoQ to
Jat8rmiuQ the best moth00
of
con
trollinG discolor::.ticm in 'Jriel
iJ(;r
simmon.
The three trer',tments USl:i: on
the fuits wore bl;l.nchinc;,
su1furin;;,
'an(~ n combin~tion Gf bl~nchin[:
Rn~
sulfurin['.
The best result rus ()~;t:'.inFd 1i:h"n
the fruits were bl;l.nchc,1 fm",
eXI)O~3.,;(1
to sulfur dioxicle fumes before dryin:".
Disco1or~tion w~s minimizc2.
The
fruits were firm, h?d n raoJ
t~stc,
but ,', ~,lid1tly me,licin'11 ,odor.
f',lthoUi~h (hscolor;,tion w::.s
~)re-·
vented when persimmons were
exposed
only to sulfur'Qioxi~e fumes,
they
Nerc touGh.
lllso, ,')stri n:lJn t
t -~s te
of the fruit w~s v~ry nvp~rento
They
hn\\~ strone meclicin,:J,l o,:or.
The ,,'hrkest j).Y'(j(lucts r'-Jsultc:2
from the ~)lnnched G,'lmp1es.
Th(,y hm!
ev 2r, 11.,<1 the mos t desi r:.....b 1e tn..:; te ~.nd
0"01' 'lm"nr-: the thrc)(; ;liffe1'ently
tX'C?,:' te<l foods.
PcrSir1m')l1 is c~ )rinci~~o.l fruit of J~p-:.n: Kvr,;~"
Chin,,,
t).l1l1 some rn1'tG of thl.' E(\\st Inc',ic's.
It h',s D, vGry ).ttr;'~ctive
b1'ir;ht y,;11ow-01'·~.n;:0 c(')lc:c ,n.: it cont~.ins' v:,;1'y
S\\lCL,t
1
rJU1p when l'l)Go
Un1csf:; fully rij",:, it r"m!,in'1strii1011t~
130
Pursi,"lmons ~:rc: [~(:nE:rnlly fJr '.:: GccVt: ',': 11Y m2,~,n5 of ;lrYlni:~~
Persimmons
lose
[111 their
,~l.fitrin;':ency
if pC0J.cllu-'.,'
d e h~ elI' (l ted ~
Tho difficulty in (\\ryin" 'l.S .J, pr0S0rv,ti-D ILcthu" liUG
~ith the fact that ?ersimm 0 ns cenerally iiGc')I~T
';h0)1
peeler} "wi
cut int~.., h,tlv,;s :lncl expos(;'~ to, 'i~yo
TLis
the fruit a very un~0sirab1u nppe~r~nce anJ
rc!uccs
its
£lccepb.bili ty.
!b..ns .,n,l St,~.:~tmtln, ,~,S cite':~ ~jY Crucss,3 in their
8X
periman t on <.liscolurr: ti:>n d' .10 hy(lr' to 'l fruits founll
cut
th.,t
d,'rkenin.~ af fresh-cut fruit is C'1USC' by the 'lnzym.:c.
tic oxicktinn ~)f phvnclic SU )stilncc: in th..: fruit
tissuo.
'
They ;11so sI10\\"':.' th.,t (l'Ykoniup, rl':~~ctions '"ccu1'
!:;ctl.'loC'n
nitro[~en")uG subst.">.ncC's :....n:l orrc:nic [lei.'s nn£: bctwc)()n sui.:.....'l'S
an(1 r,rcnnic nci;1 s •
T:1.tGr, l'10rk e,n:~ Fisher,
foun,'. thc.t tho
cl'1rkeninr of fresh cut fruits such as n?ples,
appricotsJ
fi·;s) pC:l.chos .'l.ncl p8';trS is [~r':;ltlj d.eItlyrJJ 1;;y 8x:;;o.suro
to
f'uiil0s of burnin:'~ .sulfur c'r "'lhen they -'r01i.~);;cd in
bisul·
fite sC'lution ~,cfori::: c1yrinr: thc:m
It is n.ls!; :)cliev(;,l. th·.'..t
4
suI fur in.'" checks L:rmcnto.tion ,,:mel destroy,s in.scct
atte.cks
in (lricll frui ts o
'J'hi.s cXl)oriment WO.S C:'lL~ucteJ. t(;· fin(1 EL"ns
by
uhich
discolor:'~tion (")f dri<:Hl J:)(,rsimmons e:;.n 1)0 prcvc'ute<l"
--~_._---
...,
t:.'VJi 11 iam ~h:nt nn J
p. 1798
3."
u. W. V. Crucss)
Comm~rci~l Fruit £lnJ
Prc,~lucts. (Nevr Yorl{: McGrc1w-IIill DcokCom;;tny)
p .. 673.
1..:.TbL:.) po 674.
131
JvI:-,turccl an,l fully ri:-',,; )8Ysimm n nJ set (jf me:,suriil:" si.~"('ns.~
st,:cinleD,s .stC011mif':J '''.. 6ulfurin!,: box r.1~c1G uut of kcr,svne C·,(LS;'
V{00ven b.:csko[;s) aluminum tr~ty.s) il.n·.~ rovlth,~r""d sulfur VJlJY0 used.
J. Timo ~nQ Pl~co
Th,~ cxperir0(cnt ~JtlG C:\\ll 1 uc tc'l from N,"Iv<.:!!11)cr <; to
I,l c v\\.;rn':.. :.:r'
27) 1970 :-..t th,~ )'lountC\\in St"..b, :t:~yicultur0.l Celle ;L'.
C. r roce duro
£.1"', tUTc ,',1'1' ri t;,) l.Jo T,cn r:llCl' ,ns Vh:rc.: tr"',, L:(~~ if£;'; rC' nt ly h.:.: £\\-,y G
c1ryin:; them.
On\\.-
lc:t WC.fi LL.\\nchv~ f;)r fiv,,' minut:;.'-3'
~:h)clc:c:I_,
slice,: intu Qu;,rt0r,SJ ;·m·) thi:-n 8X}Y,:Sl:~ tc th,; Il..H!1(.,s::I::;ulfur
for thirty minutes.
1\\ secon ,', 1 ot r,',".,~ })CC J,8 ,1.) sl ic,,,,."! int(· qUL'Jt ,1'5' :'_n<',
C)q:(;S r,;: :'l
t:l fUr.1QS\\ f sulfur for h!c h··,urs.
'
,
S l lC,;:";'
int:: (1uo.rt l ..' r~:J .......... 1
~ i.l. '...
All F.r:vI'C s~lrE.r:.:. (;TI ~"ll...lElinur.'1 tr:""'~y& G~..<_-.".r"l..tcl~! '"1cc0r:~~in
t,:
(~.:"ch trv 'tf:l,;nt .~,n.,I, :~]'i(;J in th8 sun.
ThT~:':, .rc· ilic:ti011G
w",ri.
j
:,Jcrformed.
rrh.~· finishct: Ijrdclucts lJ:'t;... Y'C: ~:v:11u,.-·~t(.l.: l"ly '\\ t,-'stc ~t.-:l1~:1 im~o
~i,t~ly ~:ter 0~ch tri~l.
IJ rc 1imil1i'.ry tri"~lf:: s11m'}:;:: th-.t l1iGc'l"r~ti:}n c-~n be
pr0
VEintc'1 Ly Gx~-;().sin;; the fruits to th,' fUJ:1C8 ,,1' Gulfur.:i~,xi;·!o ])()
for~ 1ryin~ them.
'I'hs r.ctuD,l trL:r.l.'3 sh,:\\·'(; d th". t 'llt'.nchin,"': ~ n,~ 2U 1 furi:,
\\I'.S
thu bust trc')tr;1c:nt to pn\\';.,nt disc:l('r~ti0n.
'rh,;·r(· \\1uc b:;
WC:T::'
firm in tc~tur,·, lJrL;ht-[Ja!:'·'.:'J:.;r in cc,l()r) l-mt h;",' :"'. .51i<b.t
me ,~i
cinal oJ.or~
- -
-
-
-
-
-
.
131
SUfi!': .ltY OF rrIL SU~;Jl~CI'IVT:~ r;v LD·;·.TION OF
SUNDHIED l'E~;S IfihONS
-='==_..._,
.
Trc::-.tment
Texture: :
-----_....:...~------_._:......._-- --~-----_.---_._-----------~-.~
:Dn.rk color
Sweet
Plc::ts"n-c
Sulfurinc :Dri~,;ht
!,strir,'8nt: Tuu~)'1
orf'.n '2
..
C0rnbin~tion
llrirht
Firr.l
Sli :ht
of :'~l~nch-
uc;~i cir~CLl
in[~ "..ILl
SuI fUl'ini;:
============:::::;:=== .-::....-_-~-2:.. -~-~"--.~-
Those th~t wore expcse~ t( sulfur fumos n10n~ ~lsc
Jid
not discolor
but they
Her" touch o.nc1 h,~'; il v,"ry 2strin ent
t,ctste and strc'n!,~ mo,licinal o,l'Jr"
::210.nchinf ;clone: i~('.V2 th,:: best t·:-:sto.
Th,; 1)1'(1 uet,s ,'Jc:re
sweat c:mel h:.::l D;:' tn.ste <::f ::.st1'ini,.(:;ncYIf
H(;'i;J~"vf,r} tb.cy
\\"Jere
tour:;h elJlil mn.rkec'ly r.1ifJc"lorol1.
As n result of the ~xp(:;rincnt) it is c(~clu:0~
th~t
amonr the three c~tbn~s us~~ in the: c~ntrol of disc~lor-ti~n
in (~rivl IJcrsiT:1JYJ0n £rui ts) [1 c::,mbin~;ti 'Yl Gf 1;1 ,nchil1~'
,~tn(~
sulfurin:,; is rCC()·71f;1Gll(~,:;(l.
This f;wthc-.l c('l'!tr~sl c.'ir~cl(;r ti· n
without r(;su1tin(, in r.\\ t'L1f:hly tuxtUl'L >r~··luct.
Dc:s;",it,,: elL'
sli':ht [;]8':icino.l '~«)r, thv )rr) ~uctG t.:'.Gt\\...c1 SH;:;~t.
To climin"'t" the: rw:"..ir:il'!"'l 0,:01', it is su:;·.",st0'.':
th,::~v
further stuL~i0S i~h,:ul(~ ';(; nn:'c:rtC'..kel1 ti .::.:)t(.rrni~lC: t110
o::".ct
extent of Gulfurin:;8
132
REY~.~TIENCES
Crucss) :So V.
Comr1<;rci"l Fruit ,:cnll Vur~ct:l.~)lc Frr':'~uct~
NevJ
York: McGrnH··IIill Look Compo.nY: Inz":;-'J.Sl.f"3.. -90('; j/i:)G
Desrosier, Nor~~n ~. Ph. D.
Th~ Tcchnclo'y of FOG,-'
- - - Pru',·:;r-
-_.-"-'-...
v"tion.-
~Jest point,· Conn;cticut: Th~'
[, ~Ti-f'u b 1 ishins
Oonvany, Inc., 1963. 405 pp.
M.:-.dhllcm; H. F.
H~,nl'.t('r>:..1.f 'of Tro';")ic;-J~ G;'.r(10!1in:~ :~:i~ -~--
inc;.
Colombo, Ceylo!1:
H. F. C'eve p, C,'>r.1;JCLny,
1935.
662 p.
MOTTis, T. N.
H. fl.
The D9hy<r'--'.ti':·n c,f F'00:~'..
New Y.::l'k D
Van l'!cJstr,:uli'. Cor1>;;:ry,~L1C:' 174pp.
PitH"ce, !mn2~
H~c Cctnninr~ For Victory.
New Yurk:
Silvc:r
Durdct t CnPlJ)C1.ny, 1942: 106 pp.
Sherman, Henry.
Food Products.
NeD York:
MncMillnn
Ccm
pELny,
19L1-2.4:?5 pp.
133
AP~ENDIX J
SU;JS~:I'J.'U1'I()N OF "G,--:·:-.·,G/l~:i FOn GKe/.TIN
IN GEL:\\'J:'H~ ~(j~CIPES
By Fclicirt~d C. Sapnen
FO'd 'l'och le7 Student
fiRnr-~Gar nf equal ~isht w,s use!
to su'.:::-;ti tu to fer the c;elCltin in m:,rsh
mallow, ice creAm, ~nrt mold~rt v0~otnhle
S 8.1[1 , ~.
ro ci J.")e B •
'l'hc use ·;f n.r~'1.r c(~ul J n0t cX'~ct1y
Ju~)lic,tc thv qun.li tics nf the; ~~Tr.-~uct5
l)r~/,.r(;d with r'cl;'.tin.
The iCL er(;:ul1
w~s loss SW~Lt) the mn~6~nnll0~
~as
soft, :-tn'll the s~11t·.Cl FI:l,f:; cl u{lYe L{C.' ..:.uc
ticm 'Jf th0~;r:~)( rtio!1 of ~~:',r U;:;b~ for
the "3f\\1[H~. tl) one -8 ixth 1x~r })cr CU.;)
e,f
wnt~r~~vG eXnctly th~ S:'.QL results ~G
thlsC m':2 with 0ne tnblLSp0UD of ~Ll~
tin.
A~:lr-~c;:'.:r' .i6.:c r:()l,~.,_tin-·li_kC'.;)n<u.ct ,of 1"1'::3 n'lc£ds-,
sci,;nt:l flc"lly I;:nown ~lS ~,cc l.~.rs .l~ch:: n:-0J:5..
It
is
prep.J.rc;c} "t1Y ~)()il inr~ the f,~",r"j)h··,tus in "nter ;,-n~ subsc'::it~ent
1y purify-in!', :.m" ·J.ryin: thc;; :'lro'luct.
It is in.s·~lu:;18
5,n.
.::-11 w" tc:r l:ut s~c:lls 1:'.. ~)sl'r ~:)inr~ ~s much ,'}s hlC:nty tiGl(:s
of
lts "wn v-.'.:lf:ht"
It (hs:,olves In ':1oi1in;: w,.... ter c-~.sily
(An,l
is ,':11-;1.= to set tr, n firm ;:e1 2.. t a concentr;, tion ",8 low
QG
fivc; tunths percent.
It m~lts at ::\\l)~)ut 203°)" :"',11t1 o.::nc gcr
cent s(;lutinD \\'li1l not stiffen until it 1., c"n1ed t r) 104 FlO
TIut nfter i t-:>;stiffcns; it nlay bE: i11':-',-C0·1 in ::" 1ir:rm r,"·m 1.'ith
(jut Ei01tinc.J
lWi11ic-.m JUDt"n.
EncycJop(;,.1i,:,- ~",rit.'J.nt~t.
(Chici'.::o:
:1964-.' VC'lume l), p. G4.
2Jusie j . H~rris on 1 Eliz~bctt L~cey.
Ev~ryJ0Y li':.Ic.~<lE; <I
.........__
..
........
CJ,()ston: Houchi;nn Hifflin C-',.) 19.5(;), ~). 30z'-.----··-'·
[,;-,r is us,< for feoc\\ 'H3 a stom:':Lch fillc'.' ')Oc'tF'~ if: :i,'3
n: t,li:;c:stE,,-} ,end r).b~orl)Cd.
It i8,15') usce1 in D;:Lkin;;
,i~ 'ely
cloGsert, icinr;s, ::md G,~,l<:d drcs3inr~so
It c"n t\\.ct ,:~,S 1~c~.:.;,
:::1 ,
Ji1C'ldc(1 prC'\\}ucts or <'-8 :'1 c"nstituent of laxoti vc,;X"C.l)"'T",t:;,' ::l,s~ 't
Gelntin is c\\::riv8(1 frrJ(: coll:cgen which is thG prir-k: c(~:s·
tituent of .1.11 'White fibrous connective tishuG cccuril1;
:'..J"
fish ilnd o.nirJ<1.1 tissue.
It is insoluble in TJUr8 c,--L~
'i'..1.:"r
but will flbsorb moisture cGnsid~rn~ly by sw~llin:a
UnJusG
i t is first 211ovJcr~ tn swell in celd l',;"ltcr> it will n:,t
t:,
dissolved in hot liquills"
This is the (Oencro.l
ch''..r'lccc:ris··
tics of ::l51 "clCltin except thE: os,' :lciD,lly J:;n';~J'''.J~'-'c1
:,!y..
prG r1ucts.
Gelatin is th<=: bas\\,; fc,r ;;. wiJe v,~riloty ()f ,1isht..s
such
D.S
je llies ~ sl)(~n~:E.:'s, crt.:-=::.L1s> st'.lr:,.1. s ; ~qrl<1 (.1E~scrt3 <'
In s·~ll~d;
i t r!lLk(~s tht' ~jrr:,,1ucts hr·l.! itr..; [shCtF8j in nJ['..rshI11:l.11(:vJ,'
it
C;ivGS 0. 8~:C'nrjY' rosilient t(,xtun~ by trG)~, in : th", ;li1" in,co.:r
l')oro.t"d with the l)e:lten 0t-;' VIlli tc."
'rhl; visc~Jus ,',0l:~,'Cir..
s)
luti')J1 is u50ful in ice crc"m t-) "ivc: i t (;;).~y) tc k(;c;~
tho
cryst8.1s srlc-l1.~ o.n,l t" r", tClrcl mel tin.:..;.
'j,fhcn UD,,':" in
,1-'1'.'20811
dGf.>erts ~ it is o.(~Jed in slw:-l~ qunnti tio s oS", ,,[3 t,
tJJ,ick:;n
'[jest n~)t to set tlH~ ~iro,}ucta"
S inc C' ~)hYGic, ] ly, o.[~:"r G"1 utinn \\.:",'h:'.ves Ii )((,
ce1Gcin
and becnusc it is much chL~vor, this Gtu}y ~nS cJn:uctu~
to
det~rminc if it co.n c'oqurt~ly ,substitute ftr "cl-tin in S~-
In~, l:!o.rsh;
low; ;:lnd ice crco.m o
.r
....
4~f)('>.~. c l' t •.
r..
vN:1rr~'trct N. Jus':.in f..t. 0.10
F,'\\~~
Bou,,;hton
Mifflin Cn., 1956), ~. 207~
135
EXPERH1I:N'r:.L LIClCEDU:RE
T_i.(t1e ,~n'~ Pl.c..cc
~-"",,.-~-.-;;.;.~.,-_._---
This experimont W2:.S con(luctL(\\
:"t
the
rVlcunt:1in ,st-:ct;:,
!,~~ricultuT::tl Colle :8 on f,u:~ust 25) 19'10
CLJ:l('~ 8h(~c} '11 DliC<::lTI
bur 4) 1970.
Mi.1terinls
SUf~i",-r) corn syrup, \\'l"1t(;r, (~:.;·~S, :·'el::,ltin, gul:::uno.n,
V~-
nilln, pewdor0(} SUr;.:Lr, milk) whiIlpin[. crcC'.m, vins.;,r,
c<.,l.::-,
mi.1nsi, juice, sr,lt, celery) c::tb1;"r;c) ;')imi",nt:i"
So.UC(~~,'!l.n)
spoons, forks) knif~, frcozin~ tray, refrircr~tGrJ
kur~s,ne
stove, mG-,surin[.' spo0n, str<:tin,~rJl ,.)';w1, mc;::lsurin;.; cup, ther···
m.'Jmeter, vif(,;ir-;hin,,; 8co.l\\:):1n(\\ wci.-:hts wcr·:; th,~ oquipm'.lnt,
lTIn
terinls <:lml inr·r:o:dient.::> usod.
Equ['\\l 1.;/eiCht8 of -:ulnmt'.n jr '~'~'~.r-G':~C'.r V!urc
used
to
substitute for tho I,J--:i::ht cf r;Gl:::ctin c:'.llc:1 f0r in rnr~rshn"ll-
1 OV/, i co ere;, Tn., nnl~ n1,/1 ~ ~.~: (~ v 0 ;'.~(; ct:. 1_~ IG s~~ll C'..fJ fa
]~ \\~' ct"'.. usc
t;..: '.~c".r-"'
o.e:o.r t:1.kes c, l':Jl1.;' tirnc t,~ ':~is.s·:Jlv2) they nere fj_yc,t
1.:;.1.1l:\\'~
'iii th the: no C0SS' 1'y ""mc,unt ~'f -in,tor plus D."L1i ti'~n of
:c)ur
to.ble~p0rJns to rf.:;:)lt'.. cu vJb.Qt~vC'r is lost \\.ltlrin.·~ 1.;' ili[!.~-,.
1];118
o.:';;'r soluti"lns 1.'J(,.j;'(: coolo,1 t; 0.'1:;·' ut 50 ' )F ~.:·0f JY'C tlF; (;Lh(~;:' in~
crLclionts \\'l~;r\\.; Cc'>10J.
Tho:: r,clpc,:; ~f th<i thr,~jro,luct8 ':.rc
in the n~)~)'Jn(~ix.
To rlet0rmine th0 best l'l'('llorti()D of ~:~n.r V, licl'lid
for
vQ~ctnble salnd, the f~llowinc r~tios were ctudiuJ: 1/6 t~r
0.75 gms.); 1/51-)·.....r (L:.4 g!TI~.); 1/4 bC'.r (5.5 £~ms.); <:til(: 1/3
bur (7.3 ems.) of r:ul;1.man Ikr cups ,)f w,:i;(:r"
All the recipes prcp~rcd Dcrb evuluated by ,~t~Bte
pD.
nel (,'f fivL mcmlJE:rs ..
136
scom:. c..1( FO}~ PE1<FECTION
S/"Ll'LD
PI0,'.8o plc-c0 ,1 chccJe OL the 1,jr.'x CiJClo,sit,· -chl.: SC(~'I'0chr~t
clos8ly rD.to,s the L10'3cri~)ti"n (if the l;lYF~uct.
D ~ E
1.·Color
Color of VQ[:ct:•. blcs
deopened by BUrnr
5
Dull
3
Discolored
o
2. Cl8~rnesB (colloi~ 0nly)
Sporklinr, clenI'
5
Tr~nsluccnt
3
Cloudy
0
3. Texture (cnllGi~)
Tender;J 1m t holds ,shope
5
Kcrd
3
FloBing
0
4" Toxturt.; (v0::,tnl:los)
Crisp
5
H.'rd
3
M,:;.shy
o
5. Fl.::vor
Viell blcncloc'l, r~istinct
V~ :ot0 blL flnvQr
5
Mil.~ VC[:8t~.~}lc fli'lyor
3
Flc:.Yorless
o
6. TClste
T,:crt
5
Tau sweet
3
Sour
1
-...~..._-
,----"---...._-----
- - -
- - ~ - - -
137
SCORE JC·,:,.m FUR ICE C::U:;;'Jv;
(Fl~v0red
with v0nilln=
Plc'asc :,)1:1c(; '" chvck ::m tht! 1)()X O~·'l;O~·}it2 the Derre.: thc.t
clc,scly rt~tc,s th,. l~escri.j)tion of the 'c>ro,::'uGt.
=_:-:=:
.. ============-..::=:::::::::::::::::====.:=.==:
__.•..::------
....._---_::
-.-;---_.--.~
- -
SC0re
S~l.m~)l_(; :C
--"._"'-""'---,
Attractiv~ crea~ cll0red
5
/
_/
LJ
Li;~ht
3
L-: I
~I
Disculorec1
0
CJ
C.7
2. Texture
Smoc)'ch, vel vc~ty
5
L _/
I. ~ .j
Pasty nn\\.l lumpy
3
L
I
L:./
Sanc1.y ,me} r:ro.:i. ny
L __
0
""7
L:7
3. Consistency
Firm
5
/..-j
L.::'./
Soft
2
r._/
J:.::./
W,l.t<.:ry
0
r-;
L~_
L- /
4. Fl:wor
\\.lc ll-bloncl (;.~ plc:,':.:i.l1 ; v;:-nill,-:1.
fL'.vor
5
i.'~ . /
C_J
Mil' fl:-.vor
3
C./
~}
Off -If.,vc·r
o
L--;
/--7
5.
C-)
t.:- ... 7
Very Swc;,-"t
3
o
Cj
Plc~A~ ~ritc your comrnunts belo~:
138
P18:lSe T,L,c-.; ::1. check "n th", "0X ()~'),;.:)siL: thu scnrf- tb,:~t
closely rt'..tCG th..:: cle,scri:i:,tion of the:; pro..'luct.
r,
_ _._
"._ _
_ _,.._....._
~_....
======::;===:::;:::::;::::::============ --:=:;;;.::::::::-.•--------~---
SC'Jrc
White
5
~
L_ 7
Discolqrc<1
3
~7
/ '-_1
Durnt color
0
~
L7
rti:silh.nt, sponGY 2.: t~nrler
5
I. -_7
r--7
Sofb sticky
3
L'--I
/-_./
0
L:..7
C']
3. Flavor
Viell bhmdecl & ;JL;n_sirw fl:"'..vor 5
L_I
L I
MilJ flnvor
3
L_7
L -7
Distinct ei~g fl:wur
1
I
I
r .1
O f f - l l o v o r D
L-/
L.::.7
4. Tctsto
Sweet
5
L-I
L:J
Very sweet
3
1-:7
L_I
0
L--:J
L::l
- -_.
---
Plons8 write yeur comment bulow:
--------------_.------
~ :.~ 8"~
;)
e-
T:.~;LE
'1
1.
SUl'nL\\,~{Y OF Pl\\NEL EV!',LU/,TIu!'J OF SJ\\IJ:\\.D
m :J C~;i-
USING DI7FE::1ENT 1- JCi)OnTIC'N OF .•G/,Ii-L\\G:',R
9 S:-'
rl"G1 rJ'
0
t-'Q
:s ....-,j c ~
,.:.. fe'
t-'
...-~-
- . '-'-"~
('v
'1 [J) ~
.
•
-
-:::::==-:=:=:===:::::==
Pr(;-"rtl';-:l'~ e'"'[ :~.-" ...... -.
nu'-'lit;<o", T),'tee
"i
~j
W
V
1
•
•
_ _ -,~".I
. t . .L
J .
C..... ',(,~''-~
~_,
_
.J- ........ ~J
'\\\\."
.•
t-' t-' ~.l
l'Gr I-JJL~ CUpG
. of:-ColJr :61O"rn(;ss:T,xt1~Tcxtur0:FLw-;:;;-:TClste
P
: ;J ~
::> t-' :'~
wr.ter
: (Vu:;e : (Ge1o.t in) : (Co1-' (VC[:e-_
s::'..............,
f-'.
+- I'" G1
D,--.r
----;-:- Gr"m;;·:tl'.b1c
:
:lcid)
:t."!1:1o)
(;1
,."
..........__._~-------.--
._
-
. . . .'
....ei 0
~)
::J ~ rl"
fi ~)
0' G"~
1/6
3.. '75
: Dr1.ch t :Six'.rklinc: Tene1cr ~ CriSI)
: VJ e 11··
T.:ut
~m
,;,)
C
'J
:)
t"J
: blended:
t-'
~. j
~j
tJ.·
,~
:::J .....,'1
C~
-:'j
.:J 01
t-<
,.J
1/5
4. 1+
:Dri[~ht
~ ~;
~
:Trnnslu :Tendcr :Crisp
:\\ie11
: Tart
0
~ .i
'J a"
C'2
: cent
= b12n(lcL1:
t-'rl"'1 G1
'
l.)
(~
.
rrrl"
~
:) '1 f-" i-"
"
'i •
t;~
.~
rt
1/11
5.5
:I>r:i.,:ht:Tr."ns1u-: : Tcnd(::r :Crisp
:")011
!',j
>-,
t-'
<T
'-I
~'
~
.
: cent
: L1Gn(~ecJ. ':
f-'. l-:3 ;.:: <'
I,,,:
7:":::>(IJ
C!l
:
r: 0 (~ H)
Cl
~O
q
1/3
'7.3
Dull
Cloudy
:Tenc:er :Crisp
::!e11
:HH~~y
rl" ....;;
'i
en
~I)
: 'blended: tiirt
0'8 i-"
\\:) t-' m c-:
H
t-'
C
0
...... C t----J r-l
Z
Central
'7.3
Dri !-ht :S~':l.rk1in~;:T2n~lcr : Cris~i
:',,[011·
':' T,:,-rt
6 :..~ ' ...... ~-j
G
C'\\rl"
:~(; 1e'::' t in
cL.:r
1)10 i1(:e c1 :
0
1-"
~ ::J vi::l
:
cn t-' ,)
1-" t-' >~ 1-'
- -'
.. ...__
\\:"J 0
i::l
c-~ 1-'" :'
<-~----_ ~'
._~-------,
;:.r '-j ;;
· .
1
'"
,'"
0
r';
i-''vJt-'
r-'
eo
~--....
~j ',,' --.,.] 0
c+ ~j \\ ..;1 I -'
1-" f-j
::s
.. c-~
l-'
\\J-I
'0
14(.
The V8;;ct"blcs VIOle all bri:"htly ccl,r:i,1"
They ',!:~Y'v CX"iE;"~
their fLw,-r ,listinct, cmJ th,"ir :.- ,,,,teo tCLrt.
tjithlir>;ct o'LA:)[;-'
titutir>D bywci::ht of ['~l<"tin Vlith nr~',rJ th,) j211i()' >-,.r··~.'L t):1(;
8l.1::;,;'. 1fI,~S stiff o.n(~ clouc~y.
The prG(~uct 111«:':; 10,53 '\\.::1"t tll '.n '\\;h('31,
USln" loss thaD 1/3 b:7-1'/l-l/ 4 CUl)S of LLClt\\L1.
.'.
1 ;:;m.
Cronm
:Sm~rth
Firm
vC'lvcty~
: blcnJc\\.:::
: I? 1 \\.~. "'~8 in.,.;:
: flo. vor
Crcnm
:Smooth
Firm
:VJell
='·1 n.n c1
veJ.vety:
: 1JL;mc~ecl:
:1)10:.5 i n~=:
: flC1\\rcr :
---"-."-.- .
'~-_.~_.-,.>I.--.-......::-.-
-
".:.•
. . . . . , _ ,
7""• •
•• ~.
- . . . . . . . . . . - . _ ..............
~
_
~
Ohluman is a18,; ::' very :jnCcl substituto f'.ll:' ':el:'.tin in
ice
Cr8,';lnJ.
T0bl~; II shows th"t both iCF! CrC2,l':'S Were mc.'joth .:-,n:' finG
in textural firm in c~nsistency and with blcnJcJ, 2istjnct plsQ8
inc vtl.nilla fl,vor o
L,ut their ttl.,stc h·..... ,' !) sli·;.ht ,iifi',;r,;nc" .. TtlQ
r\\;ci~(;;' usinr ";,cl:'.tin 1iJ:lS sIN(;;et o
The icc cre\\~,r usin" ~., .~.r
-',"8
somc"vhr~t l)lnnd o
. _. . . . . .
..-...~. . . . . . . . _ . . . - " " ' - , . _ _ . . : _ ~....... _ _ '
_ ' 4
~
_
__
.......
.....__......
..
."""'-----~~~
--.....~._.---
~_.~.
: '1'-,- t .'.
T :xtun)
'"
... ~ ,':::)
.;
bl<.5S
: r·,nce
.
Gel'.tin
\\'!hi tc
:Desilic:nt
: Ple:'..{'":, it'}:"
Sponi~Y
Ifhi to
Soft
:Di6tin,c L ,o'
:
f 1", v ';,r
-;-.L
1 " ,
The rn.r,.rs:rl!r1:i.llo\\~: usinC ":"-· .. ·-~r r/'lS '~iJ'hit0 ju.st lil>~i..~ tllC,
(1rLC
usin[; .'.:'.:lctin ~ut its to:":l:ur. 1"'~.S soft "nr~ sti.ckYe
It
(~L'..
not h;:.vo 0 rLJsi1icnt :i.n:~ s;')nl1'.:::r ~Y'(:~Y r/hich \\JL'ru
ch~rr,ct,-,rif;"
tics 0f those:' [1['~(·tL' r~'ith ,~'l...... tin.
i,J.so, th\\'c c;"- ,-"hit""
ol~or
W-:LS pronouflcc(l \\7hen '1(,:,-:1' \\}:,S U8ec.~.
CON CULS Il'N :,NJI]ECC;,jBEL):. TH ),
f.k.sed on th.: fin,hnes of th~ .study mn<:,:) it is c,.::1e1U'.-~\\,)'.l
th;:.t equo.1 VJoi,~ht ('f ,'>..r·J1.r-il.r:~r c;l.nne,t (lup1ie·~tc th", ~)I'c·(}ucts
m::'i1C with un 8((u'''.1 weir~ht of :.:e1e.tin.
HOI!,JeV'Z3r.l'
[(j['(.lific:l.
tions of the· Gmount of "<[';'11'-,...... 1':...'.1' usetl by lOVWTill' i tc
pI'-::-
portions in the 8;:.1;:.d to one sixth btl' (3.75 ;:r::tms)
~,~:l' ono
ond 0nc··fourth curs of w.".ter C1.V'c the S.::.r.k ch-~r"ct()riGtj.cG ,.,s
those usinC ',nc t.,blespa,m of C<o·l,.,t in for the s.::.me
amount
r:lf 1iJ('.teI'.
!.n equol t\\1eiCht "f :~uL,mi:1.n c,...... n s1..i\\)st.itut,; fC.'T r~ol:'.tin in
ice cre;,m iJTC.'vi (led th.,t the. ,:L(~,~T is firl::;t })~'il(:':
::':H:~
,~is-
solved in the ncec6s'ry ~m0unt of w~taT b0far~ i t is
o12e~
tv the eust<:lrd ,'Del th",t thc:1rl')unt (1f SU,r~"..r lJE: sli[~htly
in
erC:.::J.8e(1.•
It e ~crm<)t 1.~,::
i f '~;' ~,r e.',D
m'-',rshrj::,,1lo1.,r ~
It lS .su· ';'51;(.: thr'.t
Dookmeycr) l'~:,ry 'j.
C:'.n,lJ,: 20]~1 .c:c..n~y rLl~:':-
Clr --:1--s
,t"
Bennett Ful,lic:-:.ti(1113.
CJnrlcs I,. Th:rl1lott C"o)
Inc.,
1929. lCS; pp.
Justin., }1. N. et ...::.1.
Foo ...\\so
rjGst~Jn:
I-L) u,"--:ht "_\\'t1
Hifflin
Ca.) 1956 0
207 pp.
St~nlcy ~nd Clina'
__
--- Th~ir Se1~cti n '-'21': :?r"
_. y~r--.
__..
ti,:m.
........._
D:.>ston: Gin.n, r.n('·, C' Q
i950-: 217
Q
)
pp.
c'
N~w York:
,T chn If ilcy :'D.,; "-'ens
rHlli"m, Be'itt"'l.
EncJclo'l)c r1ic, Lrjtc.nj,c',.
Chic, .-.
Vol.
121C
319, 19~ 615 P:).
FJilr:J r ,t :,Hl: jj-tjcr.
Fc,()"S f(:-c the Ftl~,ilv.
Nc,-! Y'rk: J. ',.3 •
. -"'_<.0<-""'"
--.....--.-
_ - , " . .a
~ _•. , .... ~_-j...
Li_'>inc,~tt Co., IJf)().
623 )p.
-
-
-
~
I;.PPEIlDIX
N;'.rshm:,11ow
1/2 Cur su:;c:r
1/8 CU}) c()'~n syru)
1/8 cup hnt wnter
1 c;~~; VIhi to
1 tl:s 1,. ~r-,nulilt0d (~c1.:,tin
1 tbsp. coli wntcr
l/L~ tsp. v~nill:c
1/2 c. powd~ra~ sU~2r
Srn!< f,:r.:'nul.,tC'·; [ ' l , t i n in c01cl l:'l:'.ter.
rut su,"::""
ne,t
,;,.,tOT ',n.', cc;rn syru'.t) intI: " s;'.ucc'.1.'"ln·, .:;.:n.:' stir unti~ sur~r i.G
.
1
.
n
well ':'i.ss"lvocl.
Aftc:r i t disG"lvt)s, c·)·,k tv 240 J F,
e.. dd
k)~)fte:ne(1 :'clatin; r('l~CVL frC'T!l fire, :.l.d<..1 vcnil:L:-:> :":Jur
oil
w<:ll-bc:-ten c::~:" ;;;rhitr;> ,i.n': 'o::>c-.::t vi:or 1...!.sly until v,,:u:y .stiff.
Fr.-ur in " tin ~)Qn, which h:'..s ')C'un Jus c<.-i2 'I'Iith .ij o-\\!,'0r.:. 'J. ·:-nr"'.r.
Sift ;.'(J\\iI,!(;r.::c.l c;u':'~r 'w,-.r the t· p ~)f th,. C~y:.!y ~'.n"
-~ll'/H
tD
st ..'::'.n::1 until fir".
Cut i n t . . l)'lilin:,~ ,,!-:tor OCG;;"I~i"n'lJ.y
or
cut ~ith smell cutter.
J Ll
",
/
1,
1 _ Ie. ell.Lb,.
I c. v.rhi~'~'inl: CTcc,m
1/2 C
su:·~~r
G
2 e~~;r' ~TGll-\\:s
2 e :;:-; 1'/11 i k s
1 tspe, [;cl,..1tin
1 tGl:~. v"~.nil12
Nix milk, su-,:'r; C';:'~ ~,,·lk6' cm':~
'(;l(~tln) c'l ..,k L
cus-(;.·' 1.''-'
or until sli:.:ht cc,·,tin: l'",rn3 "D G (,r,n :·:D.,:l cc.'ol.
".',~ v··.nil
10..
~'Jh i pc'·':: j:.! 1'1 it ...:· s ~ nc~ ~ i ...{ iHi tIt ClJ ~ t::.l... ·~1 •
PI _c '- in
fr,: \\"; 7.,
in.£,: trny [~n(~. freez(~' te' slu~
f/hi]."1 cr'8~lrt1o
"~~r1':"''\\v\\
tr'-.y fr:-;r,l
rc fri~:c: rrl tor.,
?..j ix ~';rt r tirtlly ~r()zE.:n cust;;.r:.~ \\.,: i th
\\~'hi·.~.;.i.)(-)d
ere·,m ,:end return :;irofl1::?tly b~ freezin·~ COfJl:,:."'.rL't)'.;nt ,)£'
T(;i'ri
gcr'1.t,:)r.
Cover witlJ. ~).':'<.rchr:(;nt ,::-',.j,-,r if icE:' ere.'..rn iE n'ut
tc.
lx scrvc rl fny.' sev('rr1.1 hc'urs.
The :.1l'.('\\TC portJJ 1'l~3 will ,,-"'J~,-; .::'c
qunrt of ic~ crL~mo
l/Lf c . vinc(''-'r
'" .
\\
1 tbsp. 10m~n juice
1 c. bciIinS w~t0r
1/2 tsp. s:'.lt
liLt c. su;':'.r
1 tbsp. cclntin 60ftene~
1/4 c. cold w~tcr
1 c. dricJ col~ry
"hrro -"(1,._(1 c..., '-1-).-, ~n
.
C •
u
..... t..:. .t~...
' .. v . .. ,~C:.. "'"
1/2
1 pimiento chop~ed
r
i'.C1.J th0 vin(~"C'..r, lemon juice:, bc.. ilin ;; w['. te r, so.l t,
G_nll.
su;','.r to the 1~ulc:.tin softened.
Then str,in .::tn(~ chi1 L
~jh(;n
mixtur¢ be[:ins to sc,t, D-d(~ celery, c[tb~Y~,:8' Qnc: pimi<:''.1tn. Then
rumove from the lli01d nnd serve c
TIlE l':E;"il'c-UL,i\\!C:C CF DIl"FEl1:5:,'I'J'T KU,j;:JS C'1"
ET _~'lJj
UI-Ir, T FllOUIt
11\\1" P~~l\\! T)E S.i~JJ
Dy Hil~ri~ Depot
Fond Tech 107 Student
This cxperi~~nt w~s cnn~ucta~ to find
out ]:!hieh af the thr,)() b:c,nr's 01 hr.r·l v!hc'c,t
f1"u1' known :I.S fi rst c12.cs flr.,ur 1',y : ounu
fQctUl'ers is best fo~c lJ:::ln '10 8.cl.
The
brClncls ~re: Will in:,,:tG:1.~ Elil'ht'.ntc~ ~cnc1
Ul
l'1"nt:-m0..
:Jc:.sc...'cL ~\\n th·:..: (~::-:t..?. C:lthor(;:l 2.fter
sc
ver.:<.l tr~.-.;,lsj Vlillin·;ton \\--IrtS lCluncl
tu
be
tho best for :)i'.n de srtl.
I t J)n~lluc\\... It'.r~;0
siz",l })[m (~\\; 5<::.1 ",'ii th fin'ely
t(;XJcu.:.-"J
crum]1S) plo-~L3iw; fl'-::,v,)r.
'rhvir Shil'~)C' in
toriur nnd 6xtcri0r color w~s th(; B~m()
as
th()so mt\\cle l:'fi th the: hfC! ')thor 1rClnds
of
flour.
Elipho.nte fl(,ur pr(.:(lucts r,::'.lllcod
,so
cone: bust in crust) texture .cn·~ ::rnins. r:x
cept fOl' fe'f cr.... cks, thc:il' crusts.fere 0.1
most 6imil~1' tn th~ ~rcncts mnf0 with
~i1
lin[;t'.'n..
Th8ir crumbs VI:.'J~·'_' tcn,,1'_:1'
,:',nl!
finE: 1wt slir:htly (:1'y.
The l-lrc,Hls r,v'.c'c \\.fith Ul r-i.nt~_n.::t flour
W(;J'C sljJ~htly CO,'lrf;e in texture c:cnf1
hc'.~~
dry crum')s.
Lik\\:: thrJSO rDi1.,].<: ',,rith
Eli:',}'nn
bo')'
thc:y '.'JE,.r.e Glii~htly sm"llcr th.-.n
th(.:s,.;
mn.J~ with aillin[t~n.
J:!llours etr'(;' ~~l)tC(in(;:.-~ by ~~rinl~inf~ c(.:rCt-·1. ~·,~·~.:.:\\c:illS t:) ~C'·-:VJ{~;",,·J7
of v ..... ryin{ ,'..:.; '~r()\\;
of fine n<..;;::;3 ~
['(il'rl I ~
th,.. CGI'c'-'ls us",~;
fur
the j)I'CHlucti('n uf floun::;" 'vjh;::~t i",; th,:) .'::'isf; ~)Y·. :i.'err ..:,'. 1.:y (n,,
f:;.. ctur\\__ rs bcc.~us.,_ it C."U:1 l.Jl':
1.tG~Jl1 in lTIC'.r:LY f '( (~
·,,':x'\\...' .:.:.r:-'.ti',ns
likc, lU0.vcnec1 bn·"ds, C;,KOS, /lstries~ !.1C'.c".1':)l1l1 sl.·· ~hc)tti,
GD(l oth<l1' Sd;l,lintt pro,Jucts.
146
\\:ihcn t is <,11 :lnnut.. l crop thi;lt ~)el'n;"s to tl1c:;rE',mirw.c.::' f::.
.L
~..-.~ ..----....---...
mily and ,,1' th0 . :c:nus 'i2;ci ticum.'
It", "T:lin is (\\ sin(r,lc [.,(;c(l
an(:~ nutlikG fruit c~~llC:'c\\ cp.ryojJsis.
It is cc;'I1Grc,'c by 2.. thirl
cell, the pericnrp ond other cell luyers c2..11e~ thG brnn. hf
tor thf) b1'::n cc:"t is the onc1oslJurm which if; ;x~,1e u l ' cd \\::llcJ
cc:lls fillcJ ',iith st[lrch~
El!Jbe(:lc'~ed in the' st~\\:rch ,'1.y,_ ;,~r(;tein
})urticlcs c:,lle'J ',:luten.
Oth2r prob:in.s i'oul1·1 in vrhcut ccnc1
rye nro ~li~Cin and [lutenin.
N". turQlly, l;jhc:" t contains the ilYJpO,~tD.,nt elemc:n ts nc;.<.1(~J.
for ::tn ;.:dC r,pl-':ltO c1iL t.
Such su1)st,ncC','3 C\\r,-~ 'iJ:'b;r,
c!....r~,(;hy
drntos) protein, fC'. t, crude fiber ;::-\\n~1 minur,",ls.
It c ,nt~,ins
t1.1so thE: ~]-vit:l.!';1ins tCn( Vitnmi.Yl !,.
Sc,mo r1.!'C: IGGturi~:,-
thl:
millin~.': pre,ccsso
Thero nru three G(;ncr~l types uf whent:
h~r:, suIt ~n~
tlurum whuC'.t.
Soft ,'the ':t flr,urs ,[(: be~3t suit(;:~ Ie)" pru(.lucts
lc,::"ventH...l "ith )xlkinr pc;:.;uer or 80(\\':,..
It c::n >(~~:",.:\\;
into
br0~us lo~vened with y~~st ~ut req~ir0 less mGistur~ b0C~USC
of its 10\\-;1 protein cuntcnt.
Ik,rd Vlh(~~.t [lours "re Le;:;t suitod to th" {,;,~1(in:
of
YOrl.st bru:-:,1.
Thc-y contain uuch :)Y'cd;cin v:hich incr.,~~s(;S
the
cap~city of the flour tn n~sorh v~ryinr omuunts
uf
w0tcr~
GO')l~ ~)re.::~d fluur from hC\\r(~ \\Ihi.c;,.t uSU:J.lly 0..0[;(;1':;8 (,0
to
65
~)0r cent ~f th0 HciL;ht of the flc,ur in T'.ter iw~ic~,tin[,: thr.d;
the i4rotein pr~50nt hove the: cc1.:x'..city of fermin' ~)t::0nc 1;11.1
ten.
The: better, the hyJr,~tion pC'wcr of' th\\)o 51"urs) th<: i'jOre
loc:.ves c,en be:: d8rivccl lIar (,ive:n weicht ol' it"
lEncyclope~1a Dritanica. Vol. 23. (Chica:~:,
Denton r7u1jlishcr; 1964) ~ p. 559.
p. 560.
4M. N. Justinj ct. ~, Foods.
----,
lin Co~~ 1956) j ~)~ IrE.
5Loc. cit.
-_.~
TlllJ c.im .::1' tl'lis ox~)\\.;rir~<.nt rJ{'.f) tn l1\\ t(-:r .. ·.tiD.l; r...b.icL ':"~.({l.)ll.r~
the thrdo br',::'':,',:,; c·f r!h,,::;',t, ~Jil1in:"ton, Llj_,;':::ll1.t,'
:,r",' Ul F'.ln-·
tnn:~ fl~)ur w::ul,l ,8 Lc,st fnr I,n,n de 5:,1.
Time an'} P1C1.ce
This experimont I;'I[,S conducted '1t the ~1ouIlt,~tin Stnt<.:: ... rl
cultur0.1 C()lle'~C' from i\\u:<ust 15, 1970 t(, October 5, 19700
l'bto:..riC\\.ls US<H.1
- Vlillin{:tpD' Eli'Jl1"ntc nnd Ul Hont"n,:\\ fleur::;, yc.·os t, S -',1 t"
sUC;i'..r, el~':s, ;,il, l .....,rl, milk, "',-,,surin" cup, to,"le ki'J.if\\.:, mix
inf5 spu(,ns) ~)l::<t~:s) bi'.kin{: sh;;""ts, l'0rt,'1:::>lc ,:)v"n,
-,'!(_,i,<hinC
scale, nnd s~t of wcichts wore the in~r2Jients an~
rn~tcri~ls
uS0d e
VJillin:t:',n, Ul Hnt..:<wu Eli:h:;,nt0, Sun G<.:<',,108::;,
H,ther
HE'll' :iu:"Tl, ,c, cl ,'I El Su)...:rior ,U'C' the ':i ff(~rC'nt!ir:~,jJ.(:5 ",f h::,n1
nhc,', t flGur in the- ;'t,rk~t.
'Ii llir:(':bli'u Eli ,:h;~.ntc' ;-,:1:' Ul N'm··
tc.n.a wcr", th0',nly r;n,.~s Hove: Ie T the C'xpcrincnt bc'C,-~P0G til).":y
wer," th,_ br;'n~ls fc:un.~ in r:-u,st sto!'c>s in :>'-~l,li'- City~
Th·,:;ir y.:rform::'-Dcc in ,..., st,~~n(l".roliz(>~l
jK:n ,lc-
G,'_l
r,~:ci-:c
"nS Cc)(11)~,roc.l.
'l'hc r(-ci~)(; fc 11 <:\\"'05 :
In r-rc. ,-, ic n ts :
1(f,.5 '~;rlG. flour (':Jil1il:;'t..i:l' Eli;\\1.-:r.tc, in j·i()nt.-~1i'l)
15 ,'(,1,s. yc-~st
30 2 .;_~Inf> D 8:·... 1 t
2 ~ b iJi1S ~ sue: ~lr
7.1.:'ms. oil
39.8 r;rns. rn ilk
1 cg,
bro'\\d crumbs
Thv y<.!:,~~t "t:S e:isoclv(d in 1./'+ cn'; (:1 ,';,r,r ,,;:~'L ..,:i' C.';:!G,~~lr~
inr-~ 'mc.' t~;;-l'.:;])(;,:.n su:::r.
It 1dC,3 ~--lllow,~,1 t,~· ,5t('nJ.~~ 1' __ 1'
lC i':,j.,.•
nvtcs until L::::my CUlel c~r1=')lGtc:ly \\.:i.':"Si lVl<~.
fL::,'-'j~:ilc,
t:'1<'
s:l.lt, S1)<;,:r, l.~~rll, nil, L1DC: milk \\·Y~':.~e ~1i:Xl;"'~ i.~..-\\ ~~.J)' .t~"i('l' ,/I.li!~_~
The rCrli',inin:: liLt cur ·,)f Vln 'ccr w:':'~~ GCt».l tc
th,.:
(li5
m' .
501 ve:( y0,:'..st ,nix-tur d o.n," th,__. <:[; Vi,.... C- s tir:c8(1 L~t ,) it.
j, i l l S
mixture 'ir['.S th(,n Ctc1clecl to th" mixture of "u ",r, B,'.lt,
sh,)rtenin;;.
The flour HC'.S ·.,,'~;~ecl "T<,.Llu(:'.lly until t~:IU
c:ients wcre ;'Jell lJ1GllclOtl.
Tht:: .~ ou.·...h \\~~·~s krH.-)c:.~~o{1 for 15 fftinutl,~:;.
[{n\\;.:-~ .~in{·; ~.J~·~t~ [1:.:·11C
to r.'li,ke the:"'l.\\'.:hc.l".:::;tic o.r..c' smonth '1.n;: tr: l~-l~n(l,ll
in J.'C:
c:ionts m(·~~",' th,.~l·OU'.:hly.
i,ft<-'T kne:,,1in[~, tho";'.'. ;:: \\,,:\\C C'V'__ Y'C(~
wi th .:l cloth ,m,~ pl:-'cec(' in u vc~rm rl.:,c(: to rise f)Y· ;,.f)·)ut
::~n
hour.
This <l11ow(~d i t t~ ,".cuLlc in sizc:.
I t \\L'.S p,--U)ch~(~ '::ll1t.~.
knc:"dc:,l Q[~i:lin ~'·.jfor(; i t 1[1--''.8 ,hvi ',..:(1 into (~csirL'(~ sizes
'':l1r.l
slnpeLl int,·) ~),Ul LtC; 8(,,1.
E:ceh pren '''.<c: .s.::.1 1',_,f0rc cr.;,:kin
wci::;h
8(1 ,3G.5 ~r,trOs.
The moL1c r1 :;),:::n :le Stlls w<.:ro rlaeo(l on E"li,·;,tly
c;reaced
bukinf.: sheots ;,n 1 cl.:~S!'l\\. .'~ with 1)1'(:)"[ eruml)s.
Th"y If/' .. re,
co-,
V"Y'c,l. with :t ;nr)ist cl"th t,) 71t'"v\\;,nt ,".ry-ir,' lJp.
T;:u_:y
1rICTC
n.llcw(;(~ te, risc: f:')r b.·(, ;')-'1..1r8 1..1nt:i.l they .[':'1..1blv".
in
f.iiz,c.
The;;n they Vh~r\\;' "1 Ke':: ,t 375°F fvr thirty min1..' t,,_S "T until they
were ~olic,tcly ~rrwn.
The co')k(;". p:--n "h~ s--.ls ,',Jore o.ll(~v!0. ~ t,: c'·cl.
Seven pi0~
ees from 2CLeh lJn.tch WC'~G pi.cke: c.t r"n~1,)m nn' theiT t.·t,:,l V')
l1..1me tt:lke,;;n.
T;~ble I sL'J\\i-/s the· vn1um0 r,f th,; rn";:~uC-(;!3
ufter
b:l1ci n:;.
TIle rC8Dinin,·, 1)T-)Q't ~-JcrlJ 2v['.luD.tc~~ 1~;y \\...~ t~~Gce ~).:'.!1cl
~~n
the ,'.iff0r<:nt eh~r'.ct,ri;"ticG:
sn.npE.:.' crnst, v,lu!J1c;, te.'-dur•..::,
l~ro..ins, cnlC'r, ,~n:.: flr\\\\,t)re.
T~l(; sU.rnm..l.ry ()f ~).-....r.!.L}l scores ,,-t"l the
o.cc0:)tt:~)ility of t11G J:)[·'.n :\\.:: s:11.s llsin.~" th~ thr0c '.~1....·:n(18 fl,.~ur
Gre she'lim i,-1 1'".1110 II ..
hmCltr.; the three::: 1)rQne:tn of flr'ur usce: i'l. t~l.
c'xi-'CrHnentp
Wi llin ~t,Jn Vi:'.':> fn~;n(l L: pr:' :UC0 tlk ')i. ;cst jX':cc ,~(; r"'.l.
E1:i.
pho.l1'tt; an': Ul E 'nt,~.:n:o. ;>ri~ luc,,''. sli .'htly s,y;.:"llcr '~':",::;-..'8.
Tf,iJLE I~
cmtF'.',n·,TIVE\\j"CLUl"'iE OF 5}Ni~N Pi,N DE
S ',L Fnm) TEL DIrFKa~NT X: '.NJS
Or- /LOUa
Drr.'.n(\\6 of Flour
Vc,1ume (['11.)
VJillinr~t,:;n
The :;J,~n (.1,; ,sells USln[~ \\'Jill"in;'t'ln fl<.JUr Vkru moist, finc~
ly textured, ~lF.': thinly ccllo(l.
They 11.0.('. the 8i:'.mc sb:;IJv, ex
terior nn,~ interior color ,-~n,' flcevor ,~'.s th()s(; fJl,".'.C \\:d th
tho
two c)ther bro.n';ls of flour.
Their crusts wc:t',,~, frc-e froU] cr~,--cks
c,nd bulC0s r'.nc' their f1C.v,)r was V18ll-blc;Y1ck,(-~.
150
rnJJLE :n~f,V:S'~;.G>~ FAHSL SCO~;:ES ON TIE; ,',CCEI"f,,:~I:LIri'Y OF
Pf,N DE Sj~lJ USING 'l'mmE r:f,ND<; \\1" }L.:;:~) 'FiT FLC"Uh
= = = = ====.-._"--==="==_. .,:;-r- ","::":=-:;~=.-:::::;;:-::--";:'::=~-=
Per-
wtllJ.QS"" -Elj,lhc,n- rn M;~n-
Chn ro.c t "ris tics
fact
ton
to
tnnn
1. Shape-well pro)crti0ned
semetrico.l
10%
8
8
8
2. Crust-unifurm brolimin·;,
free fror'! cr::.cks Ci.nc1
bul,:es
10%
8
7
3. V·:'lume-lC'.r"c ;'.n·~ Ii "ht
in 'Woi, ,'ht in propor
ti()n to si Zu
10%
10
9
9
1+. T()~::ture-tcn':0r cl::f"·tic
cTumbs free from ~ry
ness or ~l:-.,) 'hness
20
1'(
5. Gr~ins-fincly thin
Crtll0,'
10%
9
8
8
G. Coler-froc fr ;,[:1: '.rk
strc-lks, ,'01'1cn
(")
brown on t\\)P
10%
8
8
u
7. FLwor-wc 11 ':·1<::n 1 c;' fl:::c
vor Gf in ·1'e~i0nts, fr~e
frum un(c5ir'::~.;Je f1"~v')r
30/;
30
27
27
86
84
El iph::lnto fl(~ur pr:::--.luc ts rr~nkl' ,1 t;C C()l1r1 ";cst
l.n
crtw't
texture nn:.; ,:r,~'lins.
Their crusts h~:': fo\\!' ;.ulgco whil;., these
made ,;ith Ul Hc,nt;'1.nn lL:l r,.:w crcccks~
Src:(l.s 1TI2 'c fro t"
Eli
phantc fLmr "'<';1'" le,sG rruist thi":n those tr::;,., with ~1iJ.lin "c'm
1)ut th0Y \\'lOX'S tun,l u T ,m ~ firKly texc'J,rc,1...
Th('0'~
fr'r;m
1)1
Mont.::tn" 1701'"
~Y'y <'.nd CO:lTSC.
151
Of the thl':;'J 'Jr::..ncls of flr;urs us,,,' in tIlC1.kin ' ~:j::,n:'.0 B.". 1 ,
Willinl~ton W2..S L'c,unl.l tc; the lj,,,st.
Its 1x,kt' l ' Ijr.'·:~uct;::;
wero
,'11most c10ublccl in size.:, finely texture,} .'~n''. hetel "iell
1Jlej'lc1 ci.-:'
flnvor~
It could be th~t this is the r0nson why ~
survey
shov/6 th;J.t most bC\\korics in lh"uio ,n'l L~, Trini<~~(': usc
Wil
Iin:"ton for br0"''..l:'·-mo..kin~»
HO\\/ev0r, Elipho..ntc ·-"'W~. HI
M··;nLulD..
flours ;:lro s t i l l ccnsi'.:'ercd "::,od Lr,)r':u fleurs"
Their
~ro··
ducts wore (,nl)' ,sli<htly inf..'ri')l' ccmp"rc,~ t·) these m~::'e with
l,'Jillin(;ton in v",lumc' D.nr~ toxture.
J';lthou,;h Eli]l1:.C\\nte
fl,-~ur
is hetter thc.n Ul Nonto.na in crusts, sof tncss .)f crumbs
::n;~
fineness of :T;... in.s, beth h.::,'~ simiL::.r ,rc.l:'ucts v,ith r~8:r.:Gct to
size.
It is SUo '(..6t<-;;1 th.::'.t tll.:: perf':;rrnncc of these fI0urs
in
othe r breo.c1G lc:;:.vcnod by YC:15 t be:; m,::.Je :,8 " ch\\.Jck ·-;n tho
r ( )
suIts of this ux~eriment.
1 c'")
.-./<
R~FEllEr\\jC.8S
Ene yel(;podi"
Ch ie.'1 " .
. -
19GL,.
:H~:rris", J 9
DD\\: S~0C<:; r" Eo L.
Eve.: ry ~lA:-lY ----
F" '_.~ ~; lls .g
\\ ) 0
HouGhton Mifflin Co., 195Lf. G08~p:
Lowe; ~j. Expcl'irwntetl Cuokory.
lITc," York:
.sohI' \\Riley l, Sr·m'D
I "'- ----.-7.- ------
Inc., 19~( 57~ pp.
•
lJoston:
Houhton Mifflin
Justin, M. N., ct. nl.
r\\..'" ,~~-:.~s
- - -
Co., 1956. 823 pp.
Wilmot, J. S. ~D~ Dntjer, M. Q.
F; O~G for th~
-,
LO
.
tt r>
1()5'6~ "(-"5
eLi :'~:':":
t.T. ~.
lpplnco- ~o.~
~
.
~
)
SIXTH CONG1J':S,S OF 'l'BS HT;PU;jLIC)
OF 'l'HE PHILII'I'INES
)
Ii. NC ..
FCU'RTH SE~~ ..SI()l\\r
)
(REPUDLIC \\C1' NO. ~923)
;,N [,C1' CONVER'I'ING THE ~10UNTr.IN l,GIUCULTtL,fJ., CCLLECG
IN
'rHE
MUNICIPALI'I'Y Oli' LIe TTUi'UDf.D} pl<OVn:CE OF l~ENG m::'r, 1'(- ;, '::;'J'" 'l'E
COLLEGE
'I'O DI:
KNO'im :,,'3
T:FfC HOUNT;.IN
5'1';'. T'E
A(LnCliT~Tr .i,L
COLU~GE.
Be i t cnacte,'l by the Sen.~t(; {}nc~ H lUSC; or 1:c:r~C's(;nt,-tivc.s of
the Philil)~,.. inos in C'~Jl',reSs t'..ss8mbL:;,-1~
SECTION 10
Tho pr8G0nt Hountnin i~ Ticul tur:cl
C':~.Lq~G
in the Munici~~lity of LQ TriniJ~~, Province Gf ~c~uot,
is
hereby cunv0rtecl int,., (1. sb:::.tG ccllef'c tc ))0 knnwn
Q..S }'i')Un·
to.in St·',. t\\:l A;ricultuyC'.l CClllc :."-' effective U)l n ,"1v,:'.il:J.;jili ty
of funl1s~
SECTION 2.
In C:. L.:iti!;.D to its ]JrCS(:Dc f,JUr-y(;'}"
sc
c,mu,:;-xy '::ti';ricul tu l'Q. 1 h()r~or:l0kiri: cnurs,,(, .. r:'n(>·yc.~Y'
i:",rr:;
me
chanics COUTSGS t1n,'_ f,ur-yc:,::r tc; ....ch"r c:~uc~.ti "1
0(;1':;:- "'.~
le:.... c~inG to the ,18';r0E:;[) of D'.c.heL)rd Scic,lcc:: in .(~~'X'i(;ulhl<~
ral Ecluc:ttin);l :....n·l ~;t'..ch81or nf Science in U,,:r:'!c
T·..;crmcl.·:. '1'
the Collc,"e will offer the folloHin.: colle ·iC'.tC::l;l.~ "'.:::.I,L;......t.c
cour5es:
a) Your-yeAr technic.'ll c1.1rriculum le~ ~in
t f , the
,te
rce of ;J-:chulor ~)f Sci':ncc ir. [<Jicultu):c';
b) Gr.<~u~t(; c;;ursc le;,c:!.i.n;: t· thl,) cl(:'~re(: of H~st.:;r
of
Sciencc:: in .,:>:iculturnl I>~uc:~ti(,n;
c) Gr~cluGt(j Cl,UrSL) le~::lir<:- t( tlh; ~,C"Te~ of K':ste:r
".f
Science in HOlilE: Tcchnolo,;Y; o,nel
en Gr'.duo.te course 10:- :1in[~ tc the ",lcTec, cf rI".sh:l' cd
Sci(;nco in ;i.. ricul cure.
SECTION 3&
Th~ aim of tho s~i~ CelIe c shall
"
vit.lc :,rc-fc' ssie-rlo.l, tc c]1nic:7..1, ~'""ln:.'. .s·~-;c ci.'J.l trcJ.il:.in:': etne,
:)r()
mote res\\3~rcru extension Gp-rvicc:s, "n,~ ,rc '"rcEisivc' 1 G' ,~, ,1, erG 1"1 i :~;
in the fieh; ,of :cr::ricul ture nn(: hCT'lG tcchnulG';y ..
SECTIC,N 4
The he,:~l uf tho i:Cd3titutL,n 6h~,11 ;;(; , knr'wn
0
o.s the Prcsic~ent of the l'1' unt,'),in St:cte J<rieultur~tl Colle"e ..
He sh,~,ll be :,j)l\\l;int()~ by the P:'esi(~(;nt of the Phili,', iues u>on
r0c(JMmen'::ttion of the: ::--,(,nrJ "f Trustees -:lB hc:r0; in~\\ftcr
pro
vic1vJ"
The pO\\'ICrS i:ln~l ,1utie:s of the Prosi,lent 'Jf tilE: Cl~ll(::>j,
in -:l,l,c1i ti,,;n LJ those spa cifice-lly :,lr')virled in ti:lis l,ct,' shtlll'
lJe thc:3c usu,~11y liertccinin:-- 'c,-
the office of th(. Pr\\.;Gi',~cnt of
::l colle;;e.
SECTION 5.
The }iount;:',in Stnte ,',,,:ricul tur"l CoI10~;e 511;:1,11
hCtve the cenernl ~ow~rs set out in Secticn thirteen of
hct
NumbereQ Fburteen hundr~2 Ctn1 fifty-nine, nS nmon(\\a~) nnd the
covernment 2n(l '::l.,1,:oinistr':-ltion of a.:ci,.~ CelIe,·';€:
:,n.:, the oxo-rciso
of its eorporc,tL ~Jowors ;:lre hereby vest(;:1 in the n()['..'-r~'
of
Truste(~s.
The ,> '-rei of Trustees ah'l11 be composed of
the
Seer<:tnry I~Jf E:'uc~,tir:;r)) who srk.e l l , b~ oX-Gffieio Ch,~,irm'Ln
of
the !JoD,rr~, thc Ch:'.irm:;.n cf the' CommitteE'; <\\n I8,'~ue,-ti0:n of
the
Scnr.tc ~ the: Chr\\irmc.n CJf the Committ"G on Ec.luc,ti~,"
of the
of RcprGscnt:,tiv0f5' the Dirl;ctcJr of Voc:-..ti:';.no.l E(~uc,:-ticn~ tho
Diroet"r cf PulJlic Sehcc'ls, th0 Pr8sidcnt of the C'11'::Ce) c.n(~
the Prc,;ic',ent of th\\:) HeJUDt,:lin St:\\tc I.,:riculturc.l Celle :-'; It1um
ni Association.
In the absence or th0 incbillty ~f tho Sacrc~
t~ry of E~ue2ti~nJ the Undcrsecratc.ry of E:ue,ticn sh~ll
:let
.::t6 ex-offiei~:, Ch'cirm:ln of the :~("',r(~'f Tru,:-,tc.:\\.,':;
~','hun
both
the Seereto.ry "11,1, the Un~~0rf'CCret'ry cf E,\\uc,ti,-n'/,-,;
unO-bIa
to oxcreisv the /'vlcrs l,:f th", Ch:,irmctn of the ;~C):,r'(~ ~~f
Trus ..
tc-EisJ the membors ef the 'jo,,,,.r('~ racy Glucc"8"", tlrli'sclvc.s
D.
tempCJro.ry Chnirman wh0 sh.::tll net ~s Chcirm.:cn of the
2,llrd
of 'I'rustccs"
Hembers cf the: D(",:,-r:: 'If Trus-cec:'s sh(',11 Se:L'V0
Fti tlli":' ut
eOnl)cns,lticTI, IJth,:X' th.::tn (~ctu21 0.11-.:1 nl:C"""i "~,ry eXi-':;i':.SCG
iYl-
currL::cl oithe:Y' in ;,ttcn~',,:::TlCU u:,cn mectin:~::; ';f t::e: ~'-- :~:-'
or
u~;;n other offici.;ll bu.sint'5S ,'),uth:)rizo,,- ;)~,. I',,;.,rluti'j1 .):L
tl1.e
.:J·)t:.r.~ ~
SEC'l'ION G..
The Don)':: of 'I'YUS-Cc;cs sh ,11 h;Vi; th.,;;
f,'lJJ:w
inc 'Jowers <lnl~ .'uties) in :1J,,~iti,n to it,s l';"cl'h;Y,'l
··'v\\r0TS
~;f
,::tc1mini st r" t i)!l:
":l~ To receive: [',n(l nl')prr)~ri,te: to til,::.' \\.?J1(: sJ!L.ci:f'i(;~
by
In'll such sums of m,',ney QS !1ny ';8 ~:r(,vi::c", l)y l;"('vl
for
the SU~)r()Tt of the Collo;~e;
155
b. To confo:::' the (12p;rOe of ~1:'.cl1elor of Scio:oce in Ar:ri
cultur(.:.l Educ:,tion, D'chelor of .science in F');ju Tech
nolofY' J~,chelor of Science in "rricultur'3; ~1".f3~·,,-t'
cf Science in ;"ericul tUT21 Educo.tion, Jvln..ster
of
Science in Home Technolo~y, and M~~t0r of 3ci8DCC in
1\\.gri cul t UTG •
c. To Qvpoint, on the rccommend~tinn of the President of
the Coll~Ge, professors, instructors, lecturers,
ad
ministr:',-cive 'md supervisory officio.ls, .:.n<.1 other em
ployves of the Collc;~e ~lS m'ly ')8 necess,ry
for
the
offoative imJlemont~tion of the collere pr~gr~m;
to
fix their com~ensntion, hours of scrgicc
n.nJ
such
other duties ~n(l conditions ;;5 it mo.y deem ;ro::cr; to
8T,=-..nt to them, in its diSCT8tioIU lo,."vo of ;:'.:Jsence un-·
der rOGulntions as it may vromulG,te, other Jrovisicns
of 10.VI notwt thst;-,nclinl3i to l'lrcseri:,C' rules of "-endemic
disciJlinc foi the educ::.tion~l nnJ Jrofc6sionnl Growth
of f~culty members nnd othor personnel; ::.n2 to removo
them for c~,usc nIter ::m inv2stip;~ti0n i_....D\\l
hc:-..rinc;
shall h~ve boen ~eld;
d~ To [l~)prove the curricul.:t c.nel rules of
disci','lin<i;
drawn up by the CollcGe Council as hcr~in~fter ;rovi
cled;
e. T'o fix the; tuition fces, r:tS well ·:;'6 rflCl. tricul:.... "cion
fees, Grt,dUtl-Lion f80E, nn(l fees for L::~l,or,~.::ory cour::3\\::s,
und ull s:L)2citll. fee,s, ,:l.nc1 to remit th·-o: 50-me on
s:·(;
cinl CClsesi
f. To provide fellowships for frculty members ond scho
Inrshi;s to students showinG specinl Gvi~enco of me
rit;
g. To ::.Tovi(~e rules for its government, ').n(~ to enc.ct for
the ~overnm8nt of the College such G0ner~l or&innnces
o.nd rGcalntions, not contrnry to Inw, ns nre
consis
tent with ~)ur~)oscs of the Collq::e) ,'),8 dcfincc~ in S-..;c
tioD three of this ~ct.
h~ To receive in trust le~ucies, Gifts, o.nd dono.tions of
re~l ~nd person~l pro~erty of ell kinds o.n! to c2mi
nister the sum for the bunefit of the Collcro or
for
uid to nny studont, in cccordnnca wit~ the directions
Dnd in,structions of the: donor, .:md in cJ,.:i'.'ult, tho:c,'C
of, in such m:-.l.nnor .,8 the J1o·'.n3 of Trwotc;(;S mi_,Y~
in
its discretion, determine;
156
i) A quorum of the Do'~rJ of 'Trustees shnll CC'1.oi is t
of
::t mc..jority of ;tll its w:,ml)crs h()lclin[~ r)fficc.:;.t the
time the meetinG of the ~~Q~rd is c~118~~
SECTION' 7 ~
On or before thi.:. fiftccntil cJ: J,,::.:)(, ~.I e~:ch
ye~r, tho D0~rd of Tru~taes shull with the Prssilcnt of the
Philippines 0 detailod report, sbttin~ forth the vroGressJ
conditinns~ and needs of the Collc~e.
SECTION 8.
There sh211 La ~ 6011ase Council
consist
in;; of thE: PrE::sic1cnc of the Collv'e 0..8 rresidinc officet'
and of 0..11 professors nnd instructors of tho Collc'c as m88
bel'S.
Tl1C; Council shell rcve- the l~o'iier to ;)r .::,;c.li1jC
th:s
curricu!n nnrt rules 0f disciplin0' subj~ct to tho u~'~rovnl
of th~ ~o~rd of TruGtecs.
I t sh~ll fix the Tequj.rements for
admission to the Collofe, as well ns for gr~0u~tion ~nd the
rcceivins of n title or a Jecre0.
Th0 council nlnne shall
11~"1v€ the ~]o~~Jcr to TecoI7Jrncnd" stud.en ts or oth\\,)~('s to be ycci..·
pients of titl'.:G or der.::rC'8s.
Throu{,:h its :)rcGiJcnt
or
committe()~ it slv-,ll h·-,_v,:.: (1isci,·lin:~.ry ~orJ.;r ov"r the;
stu·,
donts 1.":ithin tll,.; linit,s :Jre,scri1J(.,J l,y the rullo'S c;f disci:)'"
line: -:'l.;Jj;'c.novc.,,1 l.Jy the -~0,~rcl of 'l'rus t.i;CS"
SECTIOI~ 9 -
The :-,OCLY (;f lr(.I .rossors :<.nc1 instructGj"(' of
the Collcc:(~ Sil~Jl conr,-ri.tuts th" f(~culty of the, Ccllc~c.Il1
the Cl.]~)ointnh·;nt of ;n-of()s"ors or in.5t;~ucter,s of tJE:
C~)l·-
lGge, no rcJ.iciout'\\ t,..:'st 1311,":.11 1)(; ~');. lidl nor ,sh~:.ll
rcli·
t~ious o-"iniol1s or Clff ili:,.tions 'If the fncul ty cf the
Colo.
leg~ be mude ~ m~ttor of ~x~Di~ tion or inquiry:
PTovi
ded, bOHcver) 1'1; ,t no llro r, s,,'>or cn in;::; truc tor in the':
CJl-·
l',,;s'': sh"ll ir;clllc:-:tc: scctc;ri,·'..n 'tc.:::chinc;s, nul.-
o.tt-.:m;:t
either directly or indirectly, unCur Jcnnlty of
Jismi~6~1
l;y the 13o:.rd of Trustc:es ~
to influence s tU'.!0i1ts ;, ttendinr;
the Collq;o foY or f.1.C_'l.inst ".ny !,(~rticulo..r church or l'cli
C;ious Sl;ct.
SECTIOH l'..J~ Professors "nc1 other t,;:-,chinr J'v:r-sc,nn01
of the ColleCo .sho..ll be 8;J::iOm:Jt fro .'.ny civil GGrvic~ c:xa
mj,nntion or r,:'~ul,:-.tion ns i.l .re,;uisitc to c'}',oint;ncnt a
SECTION 11" Th·:: ,:T SQ.'111 1'0 .:.1 SOCy;:1,.:,ry ;;f thu
Col-
lese, n}pointc~ ~y the Do,ri cf Trust0us.
He sh~11 be the
S8crc:tClry or such Jo-..rd of Trv.st(:·~.s -,nc~ ,:01.50 .::,f the CulJ.":;':.::0.
J.57
SECTION 12~
To help th( Muuntc,in ;~t::tc,<;.ricul)';'0.r2.l
Coll(f.;C~tchicvc it,s cduc,'ltionrl1, rCf"' 'lrch D,D<~ "xt,;Dsivll r~i,!G'
the Collc[>J Council is hc:c(;~)y em:·;o"-'i.:-rGd to n,<:::,ti~tc:;.r ![![',ko
arrangements with sister cov8rnment colloEcS or univ~rsiti~c,
priv l. t e co lIe ':,: 6 nnr' uni vc;rG i t i·:) 5) ',) the I' GOv e rn~:1'J nt :':r,~enc:~~6;
and lJriv:\\te or scmi-priv,t8 or[jc,nizc-,tions fer c')c:.,c):,,:tiv,.: :,)T')-·
jcctE! in im3tructions, r8scr,rch, :lnc1 extension; <:"Yl:~ t(.;
s0Gk
the o.ssis tc!'YlCC of edueGtiono.l found;-, tions in J.'T,:;r(l(,tiil::
the
progrnms of iYlBtructions, rescnrch, unQ ~xt~n~ion.
SECTION 130
Subject to t~o aI'prov~l by the ~:30·~r~
of
Trust:::cs, tho PrGsi(lent of the C,-'1 1-<.;:·'-.; , u>nn the r8comTl\\(.,nd:t
tion ond by the clUthorj,ty of the Collul" C;::uncil, is
}-c;;Y"oy
~luthoyizeu to negoti"t--: nnd c()nt:CiJ.ct fh~i'..noitll lC~.ns, rOY :-,nc.:
in J)(:hr-,l f of the Cc'llc:>.·, from the Government Irl,'·nlr~.;'1c(:
Sys
-Cern, DcvelojHncnt :JGnk of the Phililjpinu-:; or Phili:.. ,iT: r~ '.tL',
nol Dc,nk, to fi:l''''.nc~ se1f-·liquit::oting constructi:.;;'
lirojects
such as dormitories :end cott:-:'.i~CS of stur1 (;n-cs L'.cuJ.ty ,'-Lcd
om
1)10ye85 1 co tt~'r:;es, ilnu hou3iDG ~~ncl other :,hysic<'.l
i;~l'"~r()v..::-
menta for inCOl'i8 o.nc1 rWD-,inccnlG ':;r'JJueinG ..TojectG of
l;h'~
Coll,-~cc:
Providac.l, 'I':1('.t the to cr.l y'<lrly 'rn<Jr-ciz' tien
of
such lo:~ns, inclw:1inC il'.b":,·est,~,, nill l1'.:t ,-,xcucd Bev,.nly-five
lJer cent of tho tot;-,l OX1(;ctcd y()~.rly ".rcduetiuE :lC C
i'leC'i'l)
of the Collece"
SBCTION 14
H(:2'd.s of L;t:rc''',us or offices (:f' t::-J() n,.ticn:.,l
D
Government --...rc hcrQ~y ~uth0rizod to 10~n or tr~n~fur,
upcn
request of th,; Pr,',cii"lcnt of the Col1('i~/.' ,?('ui'c,r·",.':lt.,
t~)~):-'.T:-~-
tus, or supVlics ;lS ill::,:! b€,
nc>edccl 1Jy tho Colle.::,;, :~n~: c:;·
dc'"
tc.i 1 employees f,)r duty thort;in, 'ihen in th<:: jU~0J.1Cn t of
the
hou.d of tht: burc::,.u or office such EiU'",;"lics or cm:,loyecs
cc:n
be spu.rcd without S0YlOUS detriment to the ~;~';,l :.0 s0rvic,--' 0
SECTION 15.
The CollcgG~ by orr~ncem0nt with the Diruc
tor of Voc"tion;-:tl E(luc::tion ili,'} ::li):"cct.-:;r (;f ?ublic
ScilO~;ls;
rnGY US0 one or )'10r8 voc<tticrL1.1 or ;s·..;noY,').l )1)')l:i.c 8c11 c":)ls
,:13
trD.ining OT l'.lbor-, tory ~~chc,olf) ()f the COlla;-c D
SECTION 16.
Tht) lJnsent :L:::c,,!l ty of the CclJ.0~ (', '~.s 'fJ(,!ll
os the ;,ctministr.:t ti'J8 .<en,l ,;:u1,;jrvisin{; offici.'1.1G :-""1': :lthcr ~,;;r·,
sonne 1 of the former c011(;.138 <tS viC·ll':.s the. rc:;":D.t 1:':~j.J.,1in":'s,
equipm.ent 2..ncl f,,)cn.lities .~nd
1
other l}rc~vcrticG' l~~;~ll '''.ilc: .
~"(~:r--
sonnl, shell be nbsorbed by the new Col1oGe.
S1 ri~s
of
thes8 J)ersonnel shn.ll be ::,lju.,sco(: .:::t the (lisc;~ctinr:,
of the
DClo.rd of Tru s t(. (,L? within the ,::lIn()l.lll t " v,:\\ il ble:: fer .:l~'" y,,:':c.t .. t:i ,;n 0
SEC'TIOti 17.
'rllis ;.ct shall t;·.lw ef:~__ cct ;,1. ',,11 i'~s ;1)~;lA(1v:--:l,
EnD.ctccl 1iJitho\\},t cxecu.ti vc ,~,-,)j)T(,v.--...l, Junu 21, l'SG9.
000