BIBLIOGRAPHY

TUPENG, ANDREW D., APRIL 2011. Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from
Seeds Produced in Three Different Years Under Organic Production System. Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
 
Adviser: Leoncia L. Tandang, PhD.

ABSTRACT


Different varieties of pole snap beans have been studied and evaluated in different areas
in the Philippines that lead to the improvement and identification of new varieties. However, the
nature of planting materials are sometimes unnoticed that affect the performance of the crop.
Henceforth, different production years of planting materials of five pole snap beans were
evaluated. Moreover, the best variety and best storage duration of planting materials and the
interaction effect of pole snap bean variety and different production years of planting materials
were determined. This study was conducted at the Organic Farm of the Benguet State University
in Balili, La Trinidad, Benguet.

Among the five varieties evaluated, Mabunga significantly outyielded all the other
varieties evaluated. CPV 60 and B21 followed with similar yield. In addition, Mabunga was the
first to germinate which was comparable to CPV 60, one day earlier than Tublay and B 21. Patig
took eight days to emerge. CPV 60 had the highest percent germination which was comparable
to B 21, Mabunga and Tublay. CPV 60 flowered and matured first among the varieties evaluated
while Patig was the latest to flower and to mature.

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Planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009 were the best performers based on their
higher percent of germination, growth and yield performance than those produced in 2008.
Longer storage duration of planting materials caused the seeds to deteriorate that resulted to
lower percent germination, shorter pods and lower yield.
Interaction effect of variety and production year of planting materials was found highly
significant on the number of days from emergence to flowering, number of days from emergence
to first harvest, weight of non-marketable pods per plot, total yield per plot and computed yield
per hectare. Significant interaction effect was observed on the number of days from sowing to
emergence, pod length and pod width. The percent germination, number of days from emergence
to last harvest, pod diameter, weight of marketable pods per plot, reaction to bean rust infection
and reaction to pod borer infestation were not significantly by both variety and production year
of planting materials. Under organic production system, all of the varieties evaluated in this
study were found profitable using seeds produced in different years since they gave positive
ROCE, but highest ROCE could be realized when pole snap bean are grown from seeds
produced within two years before planting period.
ii 
 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


Page

Bibliography..…………………………………………………………………… i

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………... i

Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………….. iii


INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………… 1

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The Plant ………………………………………………………………… 4

Climatic Requirements …………………………………………………… 5

Varietal Evaluation ……………………………………………................. 6

Soil Fertilization …………………………………………………………. 6

Planting and Seed Handling Precautions ………………………................ 8

Seed Germination and Viability ………………………………………….. 9

Seed History and Performance …………………………………………... 10

MATERIALS AND METHODS ……………………………………………….. 12

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ………………………………………………... 19


Agroclimatic Data ………………………………………………………. 19


Number of Days from Sowing to

Emergence…………………………………..…………………………… 20


Number of Days from Emergence to
Flowering ……………………………………………………………….. 22

Number of Days from Emergence to
First Harvest ……………………………………………………………... 22

Number of Days from Emergence to
Last Harvest ……………………………………………………………… 25

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Percent Germination ……………………………………………………. 25

Pod Length ……………………………………………………………… 27

Pod Width ………………………………………………………………
30

Pod Diameter …………………………………………………………… 31

Pod Texture ………………………………………………………….....
32

Pod Straightness ………………………………………………………... 32

Pod Shape ………………………………………………………………. 32

Pod Color ……………………………………………………………….
32

Weight of Marketable Pods per Plot …………………………………...
32

Weight of Non-marketable Pods per
Plot …………………………………………………………………….
33

Total Yield per Plot …………………………………………………….
35

Computed Yield per Hectare …………………………………………… 36

Reaction to Bean Rust …………… …………………………………....
38

Reaction to Pod Borer ………………………………………………….
38

Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) ……………………………………... 39

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ………………..
41


Summary ……………………………………………………………….
41


Conclusions …………………………………………………………….
42


Recommendations ……………………………………………………...
42


LITERATURE CITED ……………………………………………………….
44

APPENDICES ………………………………………………………………..
46

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INTRODUCTION



The snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is herbaceous plant that is grown worldwide for its
edible bean, popularly both as dry and as a green bean. Botanically, it is classified as a
dicotyledon. Snap beans are legumes and thus acquire their nitrogen through an association with
rhizobia, a genus of nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
The bush varieties form erect bushes 20 – 60 cm tall, while the pole or twinning varieties
form vines 2 – 3 m long vines. All varieties bear alternate, green or purple leaves, divided into
three oval, smooth-edged leaflets, each 6-15 cm long and 3-11 cm wide. The white, pink, or
purple flowers are about 1 cm long, and give way to pods 8-20 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, green,
yellow, black or purple in color, each containing 4-6 beans. The beans are smooth, plump,
kidney-shaped, up to 1.5 cm long, range widely in color, and are often mottled into more colors
(Wikipedia, 2010).

Snap bean is an important food worldwide and a significant source of nutrient because of
its fiber, proteins and vitamin contents. It is traditionally a basic food crop in many developing
countries and it serves as a major plant protein source for rural and urban poor (Dursun, 2007).
Benguet is one of the major agricultural areas in the country where snap beans or
“Baguio beans”, as it is locally called have long been cultivated. Snap bean is one of the most
popular crops being grown commercially. One important factor to consider for successful
production is the variety that are adapted to the environmental condition. Some studies revealed
that the growth and yield of pole snap beans are best in higher elevation areas which include
Benguet province.

The commercial production of beans is distributed worldwide. It is highly adapted and
performs well in terms of growth and yield. However, many problems are still encountered even
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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with such knowledge and experiences about proper management in growing beans. Therefore,
continued efforts and inclusive research approach are required to improve performance and
resolve the yield, disease and quality problems that limit the production.

The seed is the most basic input in agriculture. It is the beginning or source of a plant. Its
practical purpose is for planting, propagation and multiplication (Fernandez, 2003). In Benguet, a
lot of studies have been conducted regarding snap beans but few focused on the performance of
seeds that are stored in different span of years. Most of the farmers use their own produced seeds
as planting materials. Proper storage and labeling are sometimes neglected that result to poor
growth and low yield. In this regards, it is important to know the nature of the seed before
sowing.

The objectives of the study were to:
1. evaluate the growth and yield of five varieties of pole snap bean that were produced
in three different years under organic production system in La Trinidad, Benguet;
2. determine the best variety of pole snap bean for organic production in La Trinidad,
Benguet;
3. determine the best year of seed production of pole snap bean as source of planting
material; and
4. determine the interaction effect of variety and year of seed production of pole snap
bean.

The study was conducted at the Organic Farm of Benguet State University, in Balili, La
Trinidad, Benguet from November 2010 to March 2011.


Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The Plant

Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a member of the Fabaceae or legume family and is of
New World origin. The wild ancestors of the modern snap bean come from Central and South
America. These ancestral types are found across a range of environments, from moderately hot,
arid climates to humid lowland tropics and even into cooler upland areas of South America. The
beans of this species grown in North America today are grown in a more limited temperate
climatic zone (Navazio et al., 2007).

Kampermpool (2005) cited that snap beans is a popular legume that provides a good
source of protein and carbohydrates and their origin can be traced to Central America. It is
widely cultivated in temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions. Snap beans are cultivated for its
edible, tender pods and dry seeds.

Shrestha (1989) added that legumes are the richest and cheapest common source of
protein among all foods of plant origin. Its protein content is a cheap substitute for animal
protein. Legumes are recognized as important food for human diet and supplementary feed for
animals.

Aside from the importance of legumes as food, Rai (1986) states that legumes are
important in agriculture as replenisher of soil nitrogen. With the rising world population and the
declining supply of fossil fuels required to manufacture nitrogen fertilizer, it may be necessary to
rely more on microorganisms associated with legumes to supply plant need for nitrogen.
Legumes produce nodules in which the root nodule bacteria in symbiosis with the plants fix
atmospheric nitrogen in the form to be utilized by the plant.

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Climatic Requirements

Snap bean is a tender, warm season crop that requires warm, well drained soils for
germination. Temperature of 70°-80°F (21°-27°C) is preferred for optimum crop growth.
Temperatures above 90°F or below 50°F during flowering may adversely affect pod set and seed
yields. Most snap bean cultivars germinate best when soil temperature is at or above 65°F
(12°C), but germination may be inhibited at temperatures above 95°F (35°C). There are instances
when seed growers must plant with soil temperatures below optimum in order to fully mature a
seed crop by the end of the season. Cultivars vary considerably in their ability to germinate in
cool, moist soils and to resist common root rot organisms that can damage or destroy seedlings
(Navazio et al., 2007).
Peet (1995) states that beans are day-neutral or short day plants. The optimum
temperature for seed emergence is 77 0F. Germination is slow at 60 0F and seeds rot at lower
temperatures. Because of the large volume of the seed relative to its surface area, a moist soil is
required for germination. Since bean cotyledons must be pushed through the soil to the surface, a
crusted or cloddy soil reduces emergence.
Peet (1995) also added that the optimum temperature for plant growth is 60 to 70 0F with
some growth occurring between 50 to 80 0F. Snap beans require 1,050 to 1,150 degree days of
heat, with a base of 50 0F. Temperatures above 90 0F cause fibrous pods and blossom drop. Very
rainy conditions during flowering also can cause flowers to drop. Southern peas are usually
considered to be more heat and drought tolerant than snap beans.





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Varietal Evaluation
Varietal evaluation is a process in crop breeding which provides comparison of promising
lines with the local check in order to establish the superiority of the lines developed by the
breeder. It is only through varietal evaluation that a breeder sees the better performance of
developed lines in terms of yield and quality, resistance to pests, stress and other parameters.

Different varieties have different potentials of fixing atmospheric nitrogen and yield with
response to the inoculation. Varietal evaluation is important to determine high yielding varieties
which is most responsive to inoculation (Shrestha, 1989).

According to Bantog and Padua in 1999, to ensure productivity of excellent varieties,
varieties either from local or foreign collection have to be introduced. Nevertheless, the yield and
quality potentials of varieties vary depending on the condition they are exposed to such as
climate, weather, soil factors and the like. The ultimate way to determine the best variety/ies is to
test how they fare in specific localities or representative areas per elevation.

In 2008, Tandang et al. identified and selected some promising varieties or potential
parentals of snap beans not only for the highlands but also for the mid-elevation areas and
lowlands. They added that these improved materials need further evaluation to identify new
varieties that are high yielding, with good pod qualities and high resistance to major pests.

Soil and Fertilization
Snap beans are adaptable to a wide range of soil types but will have difficulty emerging
in crushed soils. Cover crops or other types of mulch or use of a rotary hoe may be necessary on
heavy soils to break the crust. Beans will grow satisfactorily on heavy soils after emergence,
however, uniform emergence is particularly important for bush type beans which will be once
over mechanically harvested. For maximum uniformity of emergence and subsequent maturity,
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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all areas of the field must be well drained and prepared with no crushed, cold or wet areas. Snap
beans prefer a well drained soil with a pH of 5.5 to 6.0 but the pH can be as low as 5.0 if Mn or
Al are not present in toxic concentrations. Snap beans are sensitive to boron and may experience
toxicity problems in fields where boron is naturally high or where it has been added to meet the
requirements of cole crops such as cabbage or broccoli. If little or no nitrogen is available in the
field, snap beans will nodulate and form symbiotic associations with N-fixing bacteria in the soil
even without artificial inoculation. Plants fixing their own N often get off to a slower start in cool
spring weather and are less uniform in bloom time and subsequent number of days to harvest,
however. Inoculating bean seed with N-fixing bacteria has not been shown to increase yields or
even provide nitrogen to snap beans. If not the proper strain, the N-fixing bacterium will be
ineffective and possibly parasitic. Fertilization of snap beans is particularly difficult in sandy
soils because the risk of salt injury to snap beans is high. High salt levels cause shriveled or
desiccated areas on the foliage which often resemble cold injury. Initially, fertilizer applications
are sometimes broadcast, rather than banded, to reduce salt injury, but side dressings of N at
vining and/or bloom are recommended in sandy soils, or where there have been leaching rains. In
soils where zinc is tied up by high pH and phosphate levels, zinc sulfate may be required.
Harvesting one ton of snap beans removes 30 to 74 pounds N, 2 to 6 pounds P2O5 and 5 to 6
pounds K2O from the soil. Manures can be used to supply nutrients for bean production.
Experiments in Alabama showed broiler litter with nutrient levels of 2.8 % N, 1.6 % P and 2.2 %
K and applied at a rate of 2.1 tons per acre was as effective as commercial fertilizer (Peet, 1995).

Planting and Seed Handling Precautions

Bean seeds sometimes fail to germinate properly because they have dried down too much
in storage. Such seed are said to be 'hard'. Depending on the cultivar, seed moisture contents
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should not fall below 7 to 10 %. This represents relative humidity in storage of 30 to 45 % for
beans kept at 77 0F. In some cases, exposing seed to humid conditions for several days before
planting will help, but it is better to use properly stored seed. Bean seed is fragile and bags of
seed must be handled carefully, not dropping or compressing seed bags. Cracking of the seed
coats leads to leaching of carbohydrates and rotting of the seed after planting. Breaking off either
the plummule or a cotyledon results in 'snakeheads' or 'baldheads' with slow growth, increased
disease and insect susceptibility and decreased uniformity. Operating a plate type planter at less
than 3 mph and plateless types at 4 to 5 mph will help protect seed during planting (Peet, 1995).
Icishahayo et al. (2007) stated that a crop may be suitable for commercial seed
production if farmers are not satisfied with the availability or quality of their own seed or seed
sold in markets and shops, experience seed shortages at planting time, are already used to
purchasing seed, the crop suffers from diseases found inside the seed or carried in the soil, or
good quality seed can be produced by non-specialists.
Mallya (1992) as cited by Icishahayo et al. (2007) added that seed quality is the total sum
of many seed attributes like genetic purity, moisture content, mechanical damage, viability and
vigor, size and appearance.
According to the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) (1999) as cited by
Icishahayo et al. (2007) defined that health of seed refers to the presence or absence of disease-
causing organisms, such as fungi, bacteria and viruses, and animal pests, such as eelworms and
insects.
Schwartz and Gálvez (1980) as cited by Icishhayo et al. (2007) stated that fungal seed
borne disease pathogens affect bean seed viability and germination. Furthermore, they said that
germination tests are essential as they help to determine the maximum germination potential of a
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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seed lot, which can be used to compare the quality of different seed lots and also estimate the
field planting value. Seed quality adversely affects crop establishment and the capacity to realize
yield potential. Healthy and pathogen-free seeds should be able to germinate and give rise to
vigorous plants with high yielding capacity. In general what is considered clean seed has 0%
pathogen infection, however in tropical conditions marginal levels between 0.5 and 1% infection
can be accepted.

Seed Germination and Viability

The term germination is applied to the resumption of the growth of the seed embryo after
the period of dormancy. Germination does not take place unless the seed has been transported to
a favorable environment by one of the agencies of seed dispersal. The primary conditions of a
favorable environment are adequate water, oxygen and suitable temperature. Different species of
plants germinate best in different temperatures; as a rule, extremely cold or extremely warm
temperature does not favor germination. Some seeds also require adequate exposure to light
before germination. Each species has its specific period of viability (capable of growing into
healthy organism); seeds sown after the period of optimum viability may produce weak plants or
may not germinate (Microsoft Encarta, 2007).

Seed History and Performance

Louwaars (1994) as cited by De Guzman and Fernandez (2003) stated that the use of
seeds marks the transition from human food collection to the sedentary civilizations. Seed
remains to be a basic input in any agricultural production system and thus, its proper storage is of
utmost importance.
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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Harrington (1973) as cited by De Guzman and Fernandez (2003) stated that in ancient
times, seeds were stored in clay jars, woven grass or cane baskets, and leather bags. These
containers are still used by farmers in many parts of the world. At present, hermetic storage,
resealable tins or plastic containers are some of the recommended methods for storage of seeds.
In 1999, Bantog and Padua evaluated promising varieties of pole snap beans in different
elevations. The study revealed that maturity was earliest in low elevation compared to mid
elevation and high elevation. BSU Sel. No. 1 and Blue Lake were the earliest-maturing variety
and latest-maturing variety, respectively. Alno, Burik and Patig are mid-maturing varieties. The
study also proved that climatic condition, specifically temperature, have an enzymatic effect on
biological and physiological activities in plants that resulted to shorter maturity. Regarding yield
performance, Patig significantly outyielded all the varieties evaluated including Alno, the
control, and BSU Sel. No. 1 was the poorest yielder. Burik and Alno yielded comparatively with
Patig. Thus, they recommended Patig, Alno and Burik should be planted in high elevation areas
for best results.
In 2005, Neyney evaluated the pod setting and fresh pod potential of commonly grown
pole snapbean varieties in La Trinidad. He recommended Taichung and Violeta for commercial
production under La Trinidad because of better performance than the others. These two varieties
performed significantly in terms of number of flower cluster per plant, flower per cluster,
number of pods per plant and weight of marketable and total pod yields.
In 2007, Tandang and her team evaluated snapbean cultivars for the Philippine highlands.
Twelve pole snap bean were included in the study namely: Alno, CPV 69, Hav 71, Patig, CPV
64, Violeta, Burik, B-21, N2643, CPV 60, Taichung, Bluelake and FM 1. The study revealed that
Violeta significantly registered the highest computed yield/ha followed by Burik and N2643
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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MATERIALS AND METHODS


An area of 225m² was thoroughly prepared and divided into three blocks consisting of 15
1m x 5m plots per replication. The experiment was laid out following 3x5 factorial experiment in
randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.

The seeds of pole snap beans were obtained from Benguet State University – Institute of
Plant Breeding Highland Crops Research Station (BSU-IPB HCRS). The production year of
planting materials was considered as factor A and the promising varieties of pole snap bean for
organic production as factor B, as follows:

Factor A: Production year of planting
Factor B: Promising organic varieties
materials
Y1 - 2008
V1 – Patig
Y2 - 2009
V2 – Mabunga
Y3 - 2010
V3 – CPV 60

V4 – Tublay

V5 – B 21


Three seeds of snap bean were sown per hill in a double row plot at a distance of 30cm x
30cm between hills and between rows. All cultural management practices for organic production
of snap beans such as application of BSU Grower’s compost, irrigation by the use of water pump
from Balili River, hand weeding, trellising (Figure 1), hilling-up (Figure 2), and pest control
with the use of yellow trap and leaf pruning or leaf thinning, i.e. removal of infected and infested
leaves were practiced.
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Figure 1. Trellising of pole snap bean varieties



Figure 2. Hilling-up of pole snap bean


Data Gathered:
1. Agroclimatic data. Monthly mean maximum and minimum temperature, relative
humidity, rainfall and sunshine duration prevailing over the experimental area during the period
of study were collected at the BSU/PAGASA, Agronomical – Meteorological Station.
2. Maturity
a. Number of days from sowing to emergence. This was taken by counting the number of
days from planting up to the time when at least 50% of plants per plot emerged (Figure 3).
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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Figure 3. Emergence of pole snap bean varieties with different production year of planting
materials

b. Percent germination. This was obtained by counting the seeds that germinated per
plot (8 DAP) and it was computed using the following formula:



Number of Germinated Seeds
Germination Percentage (%) =
x 100



Number of Seeds Sown
c. Number of days from emergence to flowering. This was determined by counting the
number of days from date of emergence to the time at least 50% of the plants in the plot have
fully opened flowers (Figure 4).
d. Number of days from emergence to first harvest. This was taken by counting the
number of days from emergence to the first harvesting of pod.
e. Number of days from emergence to last harvest. This was taken by counting the
number of days from emergence to the last harvesting of pods.


Figure 4. Flowering of different pole snap bean varieties
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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3. Fresh Pod Character
a. Pod length (cm). This was taken by measuring the length in cm of sample pods from
the pedicel end to the blossom end using foot rule.
b. Pod width (cm). This was taken by measuring the width of the middle portion of five
sample pods per plot.
c. Pod texture. This was taken by feel method and observed the texture as course or
smooth.
d. Pod straightness. This was recorded from visual observation as either straight or curve
pod.
e. Pod shape. This was recorded visually as flat or round pod.
f. Pod color. This was recorded visually as green, dark green and others when the pods
were fully developed.
g. Pod diameter (cm). The diameter of ten sample pods per plot was measured using
vernier caliper.
4. Yield and Yield Component
a. Weight of marketable pods per plot. This was gathered by getting the weight of
f pods
that were straight, tender and free from insect pest damage and diseases (Figure 5).


Figure 5. Marketable fresh pod yield of CPV 60
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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b. Weight of non-marketable pods per plot. This was gathered by getting the weight of
pods that were abnormal in shape and had 20% or more insect pest and disease damage.
c. Total yield per plot. The over-all total weight of marketable and non-marketable pods
was obtained by getting the sum of all the weight of marketable and non-marketable yield
throughout the harvesting period.
d. Computed yield per hectare (t/ha). This was computed using the formula:

Yield per hectare (t/ha) = Total yield/plot (kg/m²) x 2


where 2 was the factor used to convert yield in kg/5m² plot into yield per hectare
in ton/ha.

5. Reaction to bean rust and pod borer. This was determined at peak of harvesting stage
using the respective rating scale for bean rust infection (Figure 6) and pod borer infestation used
at BSU-IPB by Tandang et al., (2008) as follows:

a. Bean rust
Scale
Percent
infection


Remarks

1


Less than 20% infection per plot
highly resistant
2


20-40% infection per plot

moderately resistant
3


41-60% infection per plot

mildly resistant
4


61-80% infection per plot

susceptible
5


81-100% infection per plot
very susceptible


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Figure 6. Mild resistance of pole snap bean to bean rust infection


b. Pod borer

Scale
Percent infection


Remarks
1
No infestation


highly tolerant
2
1-25% of the plant/plot are infesteed
moderately tolerant
3
25-50% of the plant/plot are infested
mildly tolerant
4
51-75% of the plant/plot are infested
susceptible
5
76-100% of the plant/plot are infested
very susceptible
G. Return on cash expenses (ROCE). Production cost, gross and net income were recorded
and ROCE was determined using the following formula:




Gross Sales – Total Expenses
ROCE (%) =
x 100



Total Expenses



Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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Analysis of Data
All quantitative data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for 3x5
factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The
significance of differences among treatments means were tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range
Test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance.




































Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

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RESULTS AND DICUSSION


Agroclimatic Data


During the conduct of the study, the prevailing temperature and relative humidity in La
Trinidad were within the range that is favorable for organic production of snap beans. According
to Navazio, J. et al. in 2007, temperature of 210C to 270C is preferred for optimum growth of
snap bean. Table 1 shows the temperature that prevailed during the conduct of the study. It
ranged from 15.15 0C to 23.83 0C and the relative humidity ranged from 77.50 % to 86.75 %.
The total amount of rainfall recorded was 7.34 mm in November 2010 then it declined in
the succeeding months. In December, rainfall was only 2.76 mm and 1.64 mm in January 2011
which was observed insufficient for snap bean production. Thus, irrigation was done using water
pump once a week to supplement adequate water requirement for snap bean production.
Sunshine duration was also low during the conduct of the study. In November, it was 262.40
min, then it increased to 303.00 min in December. There was 319.94 min daily sunshine duration
in January 2011.

Table 1. The Agroclimatic condition gathered from November 2010 to January 2011.
AIR
TEMPERATURE
AMOUNT
RELATIVE
SUNSHINE
OF
MONTH
(0C)
HUMIDITY
DURATION
RAINFALL
(%)
(min)
(mm)
MIN MAX
November 15.15
23.83 84.50
7.34
262.40
December 14.10
24.78 86.75
2.76
303.00
January 18.23
24.28
77.50 1.64 318.94
Number of Days from Sowing to Emergence
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Effect of production year of planting materials. Highly significant differences on the
number of days from sowing to emergence among the different production years of planting
materials were noted (Table 2 Figure 3). Planting materials that were produced in 2009 and 2010
emerged similarly in seven days after planting (DAP), one day earlier than the emergence of
planting materials produced in 2008.

Table 2. Number of days from sowing to emergence and from emergence to flowering, first
harvest and last harvest of five pole snap bean varieties from seeds produced in three
different years

NUMBER OF DAYS
FROM
FROM EMERGENCE TO
TREATMENT
SOWING TO
FIRST
LAST
EMERGENCE FLOWERING HARVEST
HARVEST
Production year of
planting materials (A)  
 
2008
7b 44
55a 92b
2009
6a 44
56b 93a
2010
6a 44
55a 93a
Variety (B)
Patig
8c 47d 59c 95a
Mabunga
6a 42b 56b 95a
CPV 60
6a 41a 50a 91b
Tublay
7b 45c 56b 91b
B 21
7b 45c 57b 91b
(A x B)
* **
**
ns
CV (%)
4.52 1.34
1.46
0.66
**
-
highly
significant

* - significant
ns - not significant
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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19

Effect of variety. Table 2 also shows the highly significant differences on the number of
days from sowing to emergence among the varieties evaluated. Mabunga and CPV 60 emerged
within six DAP, one day earlier than Tublay and B 21. Patig took eight days to emerge.
Interaction
effect. Statistical analysis revealed that variety and production year of
planting materials had significant interaction effect on the number of days from sowing to
emergence. Figure 7 shows that CPV 60 with planting material produced in year 2008, 2009 and
2010 emerged six days after sowing which was similar to Mabunga with planting materials
produced in 2009, 2010 and B21 with planting materials produced in 2010, one day earlier than
other treatment combinations except Patig with planting materials produced in 2008 and 2009
which took eight days to emerge.


Legend:

Patig

Mabunga

10
CPV 60

Tublay

B 21

8


y
s
6



4


Number of da


2008
2009
2010

Production year of planting materials


Figure 7. Significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting

materials on the number of days from sowing to emergence of pole snap

beans

Number of Days from Emergence to Flowering

Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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20

Effect
of
production
year of planting materials. Results revealed no significant
differences on the number of days from emergence to flowering among the production years of
planting materials (Table 2). Regardless of the production years of planting materials, snap bean
took similar number of days from emergence to flowering, within 44 days.
Effect of variety. Among the varieties evaluated, CPV 60 significantly flowered earliest
within 41 DAE, one day earlier than Mabunga. Tublay had comparable days from emergence to
flowering with B 21, (45 DAE). Patig was the latest to flower in 47 DAE (Table 2).
Interaction
effect. Observation showed highly significant interaction effect of variety and
production year of planting materials on the number of days from emergence to flowering. CPV
60 with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010 took the fewest days from emergence to
flowering within 41 DAE, one day earlier than Mabunga with planting materials produced in
2008, 2009 and CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008. Mabunga with planting
materials produced in 2010 flowered within 43 DAE which is one day earlier than B 21 with
planting materials produced in 2008 and 2010. Tublay with planting materials produced in 2008,
200, 2010 and B 21 with planting materials produced in 2009 flowered similarly within 45 DAE,
two days earlier than Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010. Patig with
planting materials produced in 2008 took the most days from emergence flowering (Figure 8).






50
Legend:

49
Patig

48
Mabunga

y
s
47
CPV 60

46
Tublay
45
B 21
44

43
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Number of da
42
Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011
41
40

---

21










Production year of planting materials
Figure 8. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year planting

materials on the number of days from emergence to flowering of pole snap

beans


Number of Days from Emergence to First Harvest
Effect of production year of planting materials. Statistical analysis revealed highly
significant differences on the number of days from emergence (DAE) to first harvesting among
the different production years of planting materials (Table 2). Planting materials produced in
2008 were first harvested in 55 DAE similar to those produced in 2010 that was one day earlier
than planting materials that were produced in 2009.

Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were noted on number of days from
emergence to first harvest among the varieties of snap bean tested. Apparently, it was also
observed that number of days from emergence to first harvest was related to number of days
from emergence to flowering. Variety which flowered earliest were consequently harvested
earliest. CPV 60 was first harvested variety within 50 DAE, six days earlier than Mabunga and
Tublay. B 21 was first harvested within 57 DAE which was two days earlier than Patig (Table 2).
Interaction effect. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on the number of days from emergence to first harvest (Figure
9).
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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22

The CPV 60 with planting materials produced in year 2009 and 2010 were first harvested
within 49 DAE, two days earlier than CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008.
Mabunga and Tublay with planting materials produced in 2008 was first harvested within 55
DAE, one day earlier than Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2009, 2010 and B 21
with planting materials produced in 2010. Tublay with planting materials produced in 2009 was
first harvested within 57 DAE which was comparable to B 21 with planting materials produced
in 2008, two days earlier than Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010. Patig
with planting materials produced in 2008 took many days form emergence to first harvest.


Legend:
60

Patig
59

Mabunga
58

y
s
CPV 60
57

56
Tublay

55
B 21

54

53

Number of da
52

51
50

49


2008
2009
2010


Production year of planting materials

Number of Days from Emergence to Last Harvest
Figure 9. Highly significan

t interaction effect of variety and production year of planting

materials on the number of days from emergence to first harvest


Number of Days from Emergence to Last Harvest

Effect of production year of planting materials. Significant differences were noted on the
number of days from emergence to last harvest among production year of planting materials.
Planting materials produced in 2008 took 92 DAE to last harvest, one day earlier than planting
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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23

materials produced in 2009 and 2010 (Table 2). This indicated that seeds produced within two
years before planting had longer harvesting period than those produced more than two years at
planting time.

Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were found on number of days from
emergence to last harvest among the five varieties of snap bean evaluated (Table 2). CPV 60,
Tublay and B 21 took 91 DAE to last harvest which was earlier than Mabunga and Patig which
took 95 DAE to last harvesting. Moreover, CPV 60 had the longest duration of producing fresh
pod yield within 41 days which was two days longer than Mabunga. Patig produced fresh pods in
36 days which was one day longer than Tublay while B 21 had the shortest duration of producing
pods.
Interaction
effect. No significant interaction effect of the variety and production year of
planting materials used was noted on the number of days from emergence to last harvest (Table
2).

Percent Germination


Effect of production year of planting materials. Statistical analysis revealed highly
significant differences in percent germination among the different production years of the
planting materials. Seeds produced in 2009 and 2010 had higher percentage germination than the
seeds produced in 2008 (Table 3).
Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were observed on the percent
germination among different varieties of pole snap bean evaluated (Table 3). CPV 60 had the
highest germination percentage followed by B 21 and Mabunga which was higher than Tublay.
Patig had the lowest percent germination. The differences in the rate of germination may be
attributed to the varietal characteristics of different snap beans that were evaluated.
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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24


Table 3. Percent germination of five pole snap bean varieties from seeds produced in three
different years

GERMINATION
TREATMENT
(%)
Production year of
planting materials (A)
  
 
 
  
2008 48.66b

2009


70.67a
2010 79.62a
Variety (B)
Patig
53.93e
Mabunga
67.66c


CPV 60
76.07a


Tublay
64.43d


B 21
69.50b
(A x B)
  
 
ns
  
C.V. (%)
  
 
11.22
  
ns - not significant
Interaction effect. It was observed that there was no significant interaction effect of
production year of planting materials and variety on the percent germination of snap beans
(Table 3).

Pod Length

Effect of production year of planting materials. Significant differences were observed in
pod length among different production years of planting materials (Table 4). Planting materials
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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25

produced in the year 2009 and 2010 had comparable pod length of more than 14.40 cm. Planting
materials produced in 2008 had the shortest pods (14.12 cm).. This indicates that longer pods
could be produced using those seeds produced within two years before planting than using more
than two year old seeds in growing pole snap bean.

Table 4. Pod length, width and diameter of five pole snap bean varieties from seeds produced in
three different years

POD LENGTH
POD WIDTH POD DIAMETER
TREATMENT


(cm)
(cm)
(cm)
Production year of
planting materials(A)




2008
14.12b
1.02a
1.04
2009
14.49a
1.00b
1.04
2010
14.45a
1.03a
1.04
Variety (B)
Patig
13.78b
1.03a
1.03b
Mabunga
18.24a
1.04a
1.05a
CPV 60
13.72b
1.02a
1.05a
Tublay
12.98c 1.00ab
1.04ab
B 21
13.06bc
0.98b
1.03b
(A x B)

*
*
ns
  
CV (%)

2.92
2.16
0.85
  
* - significant
ns - not significant
 

Effect of variety. The different varieties showed highly significant differences on pod
length (Table 4 and Figure 10). Mabunga produced the longest pods, longer than the other
varieties evaluated. Tublay produced the shortest pods.
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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26


Variety 1 – Patig
Variety
2 – Mabunga




Variety 3 – CPV 60



Variety 4 - Tublay












Variety 5 – B 21


Figure 10. Fresh pods of five
pole snap bean varieties

Interaction effect. Statistical analysis revealed significant interaction effect of variety and
production year of planting materials on pod length of snap bean. Figure 11 shows that Mabunga
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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27

with different production years of planting materials produced significantly longer pods than the
other treatment combinations followed by CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2010.
Patig with planting materials produced in 2008 had 13.93 cm pod length, 0.53 cm longer than B
21 with planting materials produced in 2009. Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 had
13.57 cm length of pods, 0.5 cm longer than Tublay with planting materials produced in 2009.
Patig with planting materials produced in 2010 had 13.83 cm length of pod, 0.66 longer than
CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008. B 21 with planting materials produced in
2008 had the shortest pod length.



20
Legend:

19
Patig

18
Mabunga
)


17
CPV 60

(
cm
16
Tublay

15
g
th
B 21

14

13

12
Pod len
11

10


2008
2009
2010


Production year of planting materials


Figure 11. Significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting

materials on the pod length of snap beans.


Pod Width

Effect of production year of planting materials. Highly significant differences were
observed on the pod width among different production years of planting materials (Table 4).
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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28

Planting materials produced in 2010 had the widest pod of 1.03 cm which was comparable to
planting materials produced in 2008. Planting materials produced in 2009 had the narrowest pod
with a mean width of 1.00 cm.
Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were observed on the pod width among
different varieties (Table 4 and Figure 10). Mabunga had the widest pod which were comparable
to pod width of other tested varieties except for B 21 which had the narrowest pods.
Interaction
effect. Significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting
materials was observed on fresh pod width of pole snap bean. Figure 12 shows that CPV 60 with
planting materials produced in 2010 had the broadest pod of 1.05 cm, comparable to Mabunga
with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010 and Patig with planting materials produced in
2008. Patig with planting materials produced in 2010 had similar pod width with CPV 60 with
planting materials produced in 2008 with a mean pod width of 1.03 cm, 0.04 cm wider than
Tublay with planting materials produced in 2010 and B 21 with planting materials produced in
2008. Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 had comparable pod width with Tublay and
Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2008, 0.02 cm wider than Tublay with planting
materials produced in 2009. B 21 with planting materials produced in 2009 had the narrowest
pod width.





Legend:

1.07
Patig

1.06
Mabunga

1.05
)

CPV 60

1.04
Tublay
B 21

(
cm
1.03
1.02

1.01

1.00
Pod width
0.99
0.98
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three
0.97

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011
0.96
0.95
0.94

---

29









2008
2009
2010


Production year of planting materials

Figure 12. Significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting materials on
pod width of snap bean


Pod Diameter


Effect of production year of planting materials. Table 4 further shows no significant
differences on pod diameter of snap bean among the production years of planting materials. All
the planting materials produced in different years had comparable pod diameter of 1.04 cm.

Effect of variety. Highly significant differences in pod diameter were observed among
the varieties of pole snap bean studied (Table 4). The pod diameter of Mabunga and CPV 60
were comparable, together with the pod diameter of Tublay which was statistically similar with
pod diameter of B 21 and Patig.
Interaction
effect. No significant interaction effect of variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on pod diameter of pole snap bean (Table 4).

Pod Texture

The varieties observed in the study had similar smooth textured pods. The study showed
that different production year of planting materials did not affect the pod texture exhibited by the
different pole snap bean varieties.
Pod Straightness
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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30


The study showed that all of the varieties had straight pods. However, Mabunga and Patig
produced more curve pods compared to other varieties. This could be due to varietal differences.
Pod Shape
Mabunga had round pods while the other varieties produced flat pods. The study showed
that different production year of planting materials did not affect the pod shape of different pole
snap bean varieties. Again, this could be due to varietal differences.

Pod Color


Mabunga produced purple pods while the other varieties produced green pods. The pod
color of snap bean was not affected by the different production years of planting materials
(Figure 10). The purple color of Mabunga pods is influenced by its unique varietal characteristic.

Weight of Marketable Pods per Plot


Effect of production year of planting materials. There were highly significant differences
in weight of marketable pods per plot among the different production years of planting materials
evaluated. Planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010 produced significantly higher than
planting materials produced in 2008 (Table 5).
Table 5. Fresh pod yield per plot and computed yield per hectare of five pole snap bean
varieties from seeds produced in three different years

FRESH POD YIELD PER PLOT (kg/5m2)
COMPUTED
YIELD PER
TREATMENT
NON-
MARKETABLE
TOTAL
HECTARE
MARKETABLE
(t/ha)
Production year of
planting material (A)  
 
2008 3.89b
0.94b
4.84b
9.67b
2009 5.31a
1.31a
6.61a
13.22a
2010 5.48a
1.36a
6.84a
13.68a
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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31

Variety (B)
Patig 3.67d
0.83c
4.49d
8.99d
Mabunga 6.27a
2.04a
8.31a
16.62a
CPV 60
5.08b
1.13b
6.21b
12.42b
Tublay 4.26c
1.01bc
5.27c
10.54c
B 21
5.20b
0.99bc
6.19b
12.38b
(A x B)
ns
**
**
**
CV (%)
5.19 9.64
5.16
5.16
**
-
highly
significant
ns
-
not
significant

Effect of variety. The five varieties of pole snap bean tested also showed highly
significant differences on the weight of marketable pods per plot. Mabunga yielded the
highest marketable pods per plot. It was higher than marketable fresh pods of B 21 and
CPV 60. Tublay yielded 4.26 kg/5 m2 while Patig recorded the least marketable yield per
plot (Table 5).
Interaction effect. No significant interaction effect of variety and production year
of planting materials was observed on the weight of marketable pods per plot of pole
snap bean (Table 5).

Weight of Non-marketable Pods per Plot

Effect of production year of planting materials. Highly significant differences
were observed on the weight of non-marketable pods per plot among the different
production years of planting materials (Table 5). Planting materials produced in 2010 and
2009 had higher non-marketable pods than planting materials produced in 2008 which
had less than one kilogram of non-marketable pod yield per 5 m2 plot. The non-
marketability of pods was caused not only by pest and diseases but also due to different
stages of maturity. Planting materials that were produced in less than two years produced
more matured and lumpy pods that were considered as non-marketable.
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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32

Effect of variety. Statistical analysis revealed highly significant differences on the
weight of non-marketable pods among the different varieties (Table 5). Mabunga had the
highest non-marketable fresh pods per plot, It was followed by CPV 60 which had higher
non-marketable pods per plot than Tublay and B 21. Patig also recorded the least weight
of non-marketable pods per plot. The higher weight of non-marketable pods of Mabunga
was due to the longer pods that tended to bend during pod development that resulted to
non-marketable pods.
Interaction
effect. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production
year of planting materials was observed on the weight of non-marketable pods per plot.
Figure 13 shows that Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010 had
the heaviest non-marketable pods, 1.0 kg heavier than CPV 60 with planting materials
produced in 2010. Tublay had 1.24 kg of non-marketable pods, less than 0.50 kg heavier
than Patig with planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010, CPV 60 with planting
materials produced in 2008 and 2009, Tublay with planting materials produced in 2009
and B 21 with planting materials produced in three different years. Patig and Tublay with
planting materials produced in 2008 had the least weight of non-marketable pods per plot.




Legend:
2.4

Patig
2.2

Mabunga
2.0


1.8
CPV 60

1.6
Tublay
(
k
g)

1.4
B 21
g
ht
1.2

1.0

Wei
0.8

0.6


2008
2009
2010
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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33



Production year of planting materials

Figure 13. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting
materials on the weight of non-marketable pods per plot of snap beans


Total Yield per Plot

Effect of production year of planting materials. The total yield per plot of snap
beans with planting materials produced in different years were found to be highly
significant different (Table 5). Planting materials produced in 2010 produced the highest
total yield per plot which was comparable to the total yield of planting materials
produced in 2009. They significantly outyielded the planting materials produced in 2008.
Effect of variety. Mabunga gave the highest total yield per plot which was
significantly higher than CPV 60 and B 21. Patig gained the lowest total yield per plot.
Interaction
effect. The variety and production year of planting materials of pole
snap beans had high significant interaction effect on total yield per plot (Figure 14).
Among the entries, Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009 yielded
most significantly higher than CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2010. CPV 60
with planting materials produced in 2009 had 6.65 kg of total fresh pod yield per plot
which was comparable to the yield of B 21 with planting materials produced in 2009 and
2010, Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2008 and Tublay with planting
materials produced in 2010. Tublay with planting materials produced in 2009 had 5.81 kg
total yield per plot which was comparable to B 21 with planting materials produced in
2008, almost 0.50 kg heavier than Patig with planting materials produced in 2009, 2010
and CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008. Patig and Tublay with planting
materials produced in 2008 recorded the least total yield per plot.
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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34


Computed Yield per Hectare

Effect of production year of planting materials. Statistical analysis revealed highly
significant differences in the computed yield per hectare among the different production
years of planting materials (Table 5). Planting materials that were produced in 2010 and
2009 has the highest computed yield per hectare than those of planting materials
produced in 2008 (Table 5).



9.5

9.0

Legend:
8.5

Patig
8.0

7.5
Mabunga

7.0
CPV 60


6.5.
Tublay
(
k
g)
6.0

B 21
5.5

Yield
5.0

4.5.

4.0

3.5


2008
2009
2010


Production year of planting materials


Figure 14. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting
materials on the total yield per plot of snap beans


Effect of variety. In terms of computed yield per hectare, Mabunga also registered
the highest yield per hectare. It was followed by CPV 60 and B 21. Also Patig recorded
lowest computed yield per hectare (8.99 t/ha).
Interaction effect. Highly significant interaction effect of variety and production
year of planting materials was observed on the computed yield per hectare (Figure 15).
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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35

Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009 yielded most followed by
CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009. B21 with planting materials
produced in 2009 and 2010 were comparable which were higher than Mabunga with
planting materials produced in 2008 and Tublay with planting materials produced in
2010. Tublay with planting materials had 11.61 t/ha computed yield, 0.56 t/ha heavier
than B 21 with planting materials produced in 2008. Patig with planting materials
produced in 2008 yielded least consequently had the least computed yield per hectare.
This result shows that seeds of snap beans purposely for planting material are affected by
duration of storage. Snap bean seeds stored in more than two years are less productive.


19

18

17
Legend:

16
Patig


15
Mabunga
(
k
g)
14

CPV 60
13

Tublay
y
ield
12

B 21
11

10

p
uted
9

8
Com

7


2008
2009
2010

Production year of planting materials
Figure 15. Interaction effect of variety and production year of planting materials on the computed
yield per hectare of snap beans
Reaction to Bean Rust

Effect of production year of planting materials. No significant differences were
observed on the reaction to bean rust infection among the different production years of
planting materials of snap beans. The study revealed that planting materials produced in
2008, 2009 and 2010 had comparable rating of mildly resistant to bean rust.
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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36

Effect of variety. Bean rust infection among five varieties of pole snap bean was
found highly significant. Mabunga and Tublay had moderate resistance rating. CPV 60
and B 21 had both mildly resistant rating while Patig was found susceptible to bean rust.
Interaction
effect. No significant interaction effect of variety and production year
of planting materials was observed on the bean rust infection in pole snap bean.

Reaction to Pod Borer

Effect of production year of planting materials. No significant differences were observed
on the pod borer infestation among the different production year of planting material of snap
beans.

Effect of variety. Highly significant differences were observed on the pod borer
infestation among the different varieties tested. CPV 60, B 21, Tublay and Mabunga were rated
moderately resistant to pod borer while Patig was most affected exhibiting mild resistance to pod
borer.
Interaction
effect. No significant interaction effect of the variety and production year of
planting materials was observed on the pod borer infestation in pole snap bean. All the varieties
tested with different production year of planting materials exhibited moderate resistance to pod
borer except Patig with planting materials produced in 2008, 2009 and 2010 were found to have
comparable mild resistance rating.
Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE)

Effect of production year of planting materials. The ROCE on growing pole snap beans
grown for seeds of different production years of pole snap beans is shown in Table 6. It was seen
that planting materials produced in 2010 recorded the highest ROCE followed by planting
materials that were produced in 2009. Planting materials produced in 2008 registered the least
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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37

ROCE. Planting materials produced in the last two years before planting gave higher ROCE than
those planting materials produced in 2008. Although positive ROCE was realized even when the
seeds used in planting snap bean had been stored for three years under ambient room condition.

Effect of variety. All the varieties studied were found profitable. Mabunga that gave the
highest pod yield consequently had the highest ROCE followed by B 21 which had comparable
ROCE with CPV 60. Patig registered the least ROCE (Table 6).
Interaction
effect. Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2010 and 2009 recorded
the highest ROCE followed by CPV 60 and B 21 with planting materials produced in 2010. CPV
60 and B21 with planting materials produced in 2009 were comparable, 30% higher than Tublay
with planting materials produced in 2010. Mabunga with planting materials produced in 2008
had 143.41% ROCE, 15% higher than Tublay with planting materials produced in 2009. Tublay
with planting materials produced in 2008 had 13% advantage than Patig with planting materials
produced in 2010. CPV 60 with planting materials produced in 2008 and Patig with planting
materials produced in 2009 had comparable ROCE, 40% higher than Tublay with planting
materials produced in 2008. Patig with planting materials produced in 2008 had the least ROCE.

Table 6. Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) on growing five pole snap bean varieties from seeds
produced in three different years

MARKETABLE GROSS
TOTAL
NET
ROCE
ENTRIES
PODS SALE EXPENSES
INCOME
(%)
(kg)
(PhP)
(PhP)
(PhP)
Planting materials
produced in 2008
Patig
8.5
340
246.5
93.5
37.93
Mabunga
15
600
246.5
353.5
143.41
CPV 60
12
480
246.5
233.5
94.73
Tublay
9.5
380
246.5
133.5
54.16
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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38

B 21
13.4
536
246.5
289.5
117.44
Planting materials
produced in 2009
Patig
11.9
476
246.5
229.5
93.10
Mabunga
20.5
820
246.5
573.5
232.66
CPV 60
16.5
660
246.5
413.5
167.75
Tublay
14.1
564
246.5
317.5
128.80
B 21
16.6
664
246.5
417.5
169.37
Planting materials
produced in 2010
Patig
12.6
504
246.5
257.5
104.46
Mabunga
20.9
836
246.5
589.5
239.15
CPV 60
17.2
688
246.5
441.5
179.11
Tublay
14.7
588
246.5
341.5
138.54
B 21
16.8
672
246.5
425.5
172.62
• Total expenses includes land preparation, cost of compost fertilizer, trellis, care and
management include weeding, hilling-up and watering.

Selling price: Php 40/kg










Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

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39

SUMMARRY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary


The study was conducted at Benguet State University Experimental Station, Balili, La
Trinidad to evaluate different pole snap bean varieties with different production years of planting
materials under organic production system; determine the best variety and best storage duration
of seeds for planting material; and to determine the interaction effect of variety and different
storage duration of planting materials.

There were significant differences in almost all the parameters observed in this study
among the different production years of planting materials except for days from emergence to
flowering, pod diameter and resistance to bean rust and pod borer. Planting materials produced in
2010 had better or comparable performance with planting materials produced in 2009 which
significantly outperformed snap beans grown from planting materials produced in 2008.

In all the parameters measured, there were highly significant differences among the five
varieties evaluated. Mabunga was the first to germinate which was comparable to CPV 60, one
day earlier than Tublay and B 21. Patig took eight days to emerge. CPV 60 had the highest
percent germination which was comparable to B 21, Mabunga and Tublay. Patig had the least
percent emergence. CPV 60 flowered and matured first among the varieties evaluated. Patig was
the latest to flower and to mature. Mabunga outyielded other varieties and it was observed
moderately resistant to bean rust and pod borer. Patig was the poorest yielder and it was
observed mildly resistant to bean rust and pod borer.

No significant interaction effect of variety and production year of planting materials was
observed on the percent germination, number of days from emergence to last harvest, pod
diameter, weight of marketable pods per plot, reaction to bean rust infection and reaction to pod
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

40

borer infestation. However, significant interactions effect was observed on the number of days
from sowing to emergence, pod length and pod width. Furthermore, highly significant interaction
effect was observed on the number of days from emergence to flowering, number of days from
emergence to first harvest, weight of non-marketable pods per plot, total yield per plot and
computed yield per hectare.

In planting pole snap bean under organic production system, positive ROCE was
obtained regardless of production year of planting materials used. However, higher ROCE was
obtained from snap bean grown from planting materials produced in 2009 and 2010 or from one
to two year stored seeds. Mabunga registered the highest ROCE, followed by B 21 and CPV 60.
The other varieties also recorded very high ROCE. All the varieties grown in this study was
found profitable under organic production system in La Trinidad, Benguet.

Conclusions

The storage duration of planting materials of snap bean under ordinary room condition
affect the performance of the crop. The long duration of storage of planting materials caused the
seed to deteriorate. The results of this study proved that snap bean grown from seeds stored
within two years resulted in higher percent germination, longer pods and higher yield than those
snap bean grown from seeds stored longer than two years. Planting materials produced in 2009
and 2010 performed well in terms of growth and yield with high ROCE. Among the varieties
evaluated, CPV 60 had the highest percent germination and was early maturing variety. B 21,
Tublay and Mabunga are mid-maturing varieties while Patig was late maturing. All the varieties
studied were high yielding though Mabunga registered the highest yield and ROCE under
organic production system. Furthermore, all the varieties had moderate resistance to bean rust
and pod borer except for Patig which had mild resistance to the said pest and disease.
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

41


The variety and production year of planting materials had significant interaction effect on
number of days from sowing to emergence, number of days from emergence to first and last
harvest, pod length and width, weight of non-marketable pods, total yield per plot and computed
yield per hectare.


Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, one to two year old pole snap bean seeds could be used
to grow any of the five evaluated varieties of pole snap bean under organic production system in
La Trinidad, Benguet.















Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

42

LITERATURE CITED

BANTOG, N and PADUA, P. 1999. On-Farm Evaluation of Promising Varieties and Farmers’
Varietal Preferences on Pole Snap Beans in Different Elevations. Benguet State
University Research Journal. 7: 53 – 63

DE GUZMAN, L. and FERNANDEZ, P. 2003. Indigenous Seed Storage System of a Manuvu
Community in Davao City, Mindanao. Philippine Journal of Crop Science 2001. 26 (3):
5 – 6

DURSUN, A. 2007. Variability, Heritability and Correlation Studies in Bean Genotypes.
Retrieved September 29, 2010 from http://www.idosi.org/wjas/wjas3(1)/3.pdf.

ICISHAHAYO, D. NGADZE, E. MASHINGAIDZE, B. SIBIYA, J. MAYANGARIRWA, W.
CHIPINDU, B. DUBE, E. 2007. Effect of Irrigation and Planting Date on Common
Bean Seed Quality and Health. Retrieved Sptember 29, 2010 from
http://www.acss.ws/Upload/XML/ Research/258.pdf.

FERNANDEZ, D. 2003. Smallholder Production Practices. Department of Agricultural
extension, Bangladesh. Retrieved September 29, 2010 from http://www.fao. org/
wairdocs/ILRI/ x5551e04.html.

KAMPERMPOOL, P. 2005. Seed Germination as Affected by Chemicals and Coconut Water.
MS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 1.

MICROSOFT ENCARTA 2007 [CD]. “ SEED” Redmond; WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2006.

NAVAZIO, J., M. COLLEY, and M. DILLON. 2007. Principles and Practices of Organic Bean
Seed Production in the Pacific Northwest. Organic Seed Alliance. Retrieved September
29, 2010 from http://www.scribd. com/doc/37269605 /Bean-Seed-Manual. P 1 and 3

NEYNEY, B. 2005. Pod Setting and Fresh Pod Yield Potential of Commonly Grown Pole
Snapbean (Phaseous vulgaris L.) in La Trinidad, Benguet. BS Thesis. BSU, La
Trinidad, Benbguet. P. 18

PEET, M. 1995. Sustainable Practices for Vegetable Practices in the South. NCSU. Retrieve
September 29, 2010 http://www.scribd.com/doc/37269605/Bean-Seed-Manual.

RAI, A. 1986. Performance of Bush Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by inoculation and
nitrogen fertilization. MS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 2-3.

SHRESTHA, M. 1989. Varietal Response of Bush Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to Fertilization and
Inoculation. MS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 1 and 2.

Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

43

TANDANG, L. L. KIMEU, A. M. AMLOS, B. B. BAGTILA, J. G. KEBASEN, B. A. and G. R.
MAGHIRANG. 2007. Development and Evaluation of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Cultivars for the Philippine Highlands. A paper presented during the 2009 Agency In-
house Review at Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 11

TANDANG, L. L. KIMEU, A. M. AMLOS, B. B. BAGTILA, J. G. KEBASEN, B. A. and G. R.
MAGHIRANG. 2008. Development and Evaluation of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Cultivars for the Philippine Highlands. A Paper presented during the 2009 agency In-
house Review at Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 20

WIKIPEDIA. 2010. Wikipedia, The free encyclopedia. Retrieved September 29, 2010 from
http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Common-bean.




















Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

44

APPENDICES


Appendix Table 1. Number of days from sowing to emergence


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
8
8
8
24
8.00
Mabunga
7
7
7
21
7.00
CPV 60
7
6
6
19
6.33
Tublay
7
7
7
21
7.00
B 21
7
7
7
21
7.00
2009
Patig
7
8
8
23
7.67
Mabunga
6
6
6
18
6.00
CPV 60
6
6
6
18
6.00
Tublay
7
7
7
21
7.00
B 21
7
7
7
21
7.00
2010
Patig
7
7
8
22
7.33
Mabunga
7
6
6
19
6.33
CPV 60
6
6
6
18
6.00
Tublay
7
7
7
21
7.00
B 21
6
6
6
18
6.00
TOTAL

102
101
102



GRAND TOTAL
305
GRAND MEAN





6.78
TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 8
8
7 23
8c
Mabunga 7
6
6
19
6a
CPV 60
6
6
6
18
6a
Tublay 7
7
7 21
7b
B 21
7
7
6
20
7b
Production year of
planting materials
35
34
33

102

total
MEAN

7b
6a
6a


7
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

45

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2
0.044
0.022



FACTOR A
2 2.178
1.089
11.62**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 12.667
3.167
33.81**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 2.267
0.283
3.02*
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28 2.622
0.094
TOTAL
44
19.778



**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
4.52%
* - significant
































Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

46

Appendix Table 2. Number of days from emergence to flowering


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
48
47
48
143
48
Mabunga
41
42
42
125
42
CPV 60
42
42
43
127
42
Tublay
44
45
46
135
45
B 21
45
44
44
133
44
2009
Patig
47
47
47
141
47
Mabunga
42
43
42
127
42
CPV 60
41
41
40
122
41
Tublay
45
45
46
136
45
B 21
46
44
45
135
45
2010
Patig
47
47
47
141
47
Mabunga
43
43
43
129
43
CPV 60
41
41
40
122
41
Tublay
45
45
45
135
45
B 21
45
44
44
133
44
TOTAL

662
660
662



GRAND TOTAL
1984
GRAND MEAN




44

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 48
47
47 142
47d
Mabunga 42
42
43
127
42b
CPV 60
42
41
41
124
41a
Tublay 45
45
45 135
45c
B 21
44
45
44
134
45c
Production year of
planting materials
221 220 220

661

total
MEAN

44
44
44


44

Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

47

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 0.178
0.089
FACTOR A
2
0.311
0.156
0.44ns
3.34 5.45
FACTOR B
4 201.422
50.356
143.54**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 9.911
1.239 3.53**
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28 9.822
0.351
TOTAL
44 221.644
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
1.34%
ns - not significant
































Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

48

Appendix Table 3. Number of days from emergence to first harvest


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
59
60
60
179
60
Mabunga
54
55
55
164
55
CPV 60
50
51
51
152
51
Tublay
54
56
55
165
55
B 21
56
57
57
170
57
2009
Patig
59
59
60
178
59
Mabunga
55
57
56
168
56
CPV 60
49
49
50
148
49
Tublay
58
57
56
171
57
B 21
58
60
59
177
59
2010
Patig
59
59
60
178
59
Mabunga
57
56
55
168
56
CPV 60
49
49
50
148
49
Tublay
55
57
55
167
56
B 21
57
55
55
167
56
TOTAL

829
837
834



GRAND TOTAL
2500
GRAND MEAN




56

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 60
59
59 178
59c
Mabunga 55
56
56
167
56b
CPV 60
51
49
49
149
50a
Tublay 55
57
56 168
56b
B 21
57
59
56
171
57b
Production year of
planting materials
277 281 276

833

total
MEAN

55a
56b
55a


56
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

49

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 2.178
1.089
FACTOR A
2 7.644
3.822 5.79**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 459.333
114.833
173.90**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 23.467
2.933 4.44**
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28 18.489
0.660
TOTAL
44 511.111
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
1.46%


Appendix Table 4. Number of days from emergence to last harvest


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
96
95
95
286
95
Mabunga
94
94
94
282
94
CPV 60
90
90
91
271
90
Tublay
90
91
91
272
91
B 21
90
92
91
273
91
2009
Patig
95
95
95
285
95
Mabunga
95
95
95
285
95
CPV 60
90
91
91
272
91
Tublay
92
92
91
275
92
B 21
92
92
90
274
91
2010
Patig
96
95
96
287
96
Mabunga
95
95
95
285
95
CPV 60
90
92
91
273
91
Tublay
91
92
92
275
92
B 21
91
91
91
273
91
TOTAL

1387
1392
1389



GRAND TOTAL
4168
GRAND MEAN




93
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

50

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 95
95
96 286
95a
Mabunga 94
95
95
284
95a
CPV 60
90
91
91
272
91b
Tublay 91
92
92 274
91b
B 21
91
91
91
273
91b
Production year of
planting materials
461
464
464

1389

total
MEAN
92b
93a
93a


93
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 0.844
0.422
FACTOR A
2 2.978
1.489
3.97*
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 173.689
43.422
115.91**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 2.578
0.322
0.86ns
2.29 3.23
ERROR
28 10.489
0.375
TOTAL
44 190.578
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
0.66%
* - significant
ns - not significant



Appendix Table 5. Percent emergence


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN
  
I II
III
  
2008
Patig
40.00
31.10
37.80
108.90
36.30
Mabunga
57.70
55.60
50.00
163.30
54.43
CPV 60
47.80
58.90
58.90
165.60
55.20
Tublay
36.60
53.30
41.10
131.00
43.67
B 21
44.40
65.60
51.10
161.10
53.70
2009
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

51

Patig
72.20
51.10
55.60
178.90
59.63
Mabunga
83.30
66.70
77.80
227.80
75.93
CPV 60
87.80
75.60
87.80
251.20
83.73
Tublay
61.10
71.10
70.00
202.20
67.40
B 21
64.40
70.00
65.60
200.00
66.67
2010
Patig
81.10
55.40
61.10
197.60
65.87
Mabunga
73.30
76.70
67.80
217.80
72.60
CPV 60
90.00
90.00
87.80
267.80
89.27
Tublay
86.70
82.20
77.80
246.70
82.23
B 21
84.40
88.90
91.10
264.40
88.13
TOTAL

1010.80
992.20
981.30



GRAND TOTAL
2984.30
GRAND MEAN





66.32
TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 36.30
59.63
65.87
161.80
53.93e
Mabung
67.66c
a 54.43
75.93
72.60
202.97
CPV 60
55.20
83.73
89.27
228.20
76.07a
Tublay 43.67
67.40
82.23
193.30
64.43d
B 21
53.70
66.67
88.13
208.50
69.50b
Production year of
planting materials
243.30 353.37 398.10
994.77


total
MEAN

48.66b
70.67a
79.62a


66.32

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 29.667
14.834
FACTOR A
2 7615.757
3807.878
68.83**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 2374.944
593.736
10.73**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 735.719
91.965
1.66ns
2.29 3.23
ERROR
28 1548.920
55.319
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

52

TOTAL
44 12305.006
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
11.22%
ns - not significant


Appendix Table 6. Pod length (cm)


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
13.20
14.20
14.40
41.80
13.93
Mabunga
18.30
18.30
18.40
55.00
18.33
CPV 60
13.60
13.20
12.70
39.50
13.17
Tublay
12.40
13.00
12.90
38.30
12.77
B 21
12.60
12.20
12.40
37.20
12.40
2009
Patig
14.20
13.60
12.90
40.70
13.57
Mabunga
18.60
18.50
19.00
56.10
18.70
CPV 60
13.50
13.50
14.20
41.20
13.73
Tublay
13.10
13.00
13.10
39.20
13.07
B 21
12.80
13.60
13.80
40.20
13.40
2010
Patig
13.30
14.20
14.00
41.50
13.83
Mabunga
18.20
17.20
17.70
53.10
17.70
CPV 60
14.50
14.00
14.30
42.80
14.27
Tublay
12.70
13.20
13.40
39.30
13.10
B 21
13.70
13.40
13.00
40.10
13.37
TOTAL

214.70 215.10
216.20


  
GRAND TOTAL
646.00
GRAND MEAN




14.36

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 13.93
13.57
13.83
41.33
13.78b
Mabunga 18.33
18.70
17.70 54.73
18.24a
CPV 60
13.17
13.73
14.27
41.17
13.72b
Tublay 12.77
13.07
13.10 38.93
12.98c
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

53

B 21
12.40
13.40
13.37
39.17
13.06bc
Production year of
planting materials
70.60 72.47 72.27

215.33

total
MEAN
14.12b 14.49a
14.45a


14.36
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 0.080
0.040
FACTOR A
2 1.260
0.630

3.60*
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 175.020
43.755
249.71**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 4.444
0.555

3.17*
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28 4.906
0.175
TOTAL
44 185.711
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
2.92%
* - significant



Appendix Table 7. Pod width (cm)


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
1.00
1.06
1.08
3.14
1.05
Mabunga
1.00
1.04
1.02
3.06
1.02
CPV 60
1.04
1.04
1.00
3.08
1.03
Tublay
1.00
1.04
1.02
3.06
1.02
B 21
0.98
1.02
0.98
2.98
0.99
2009
Patig
1.00
1.02
1.04
3.06
1.02
Mabunga
1.02
1.06
1.06
3.14
1.05
CPV 60
0.94
1.02
1.00
2.96
0.99
Tublay
1.00
1.02
0.98
3.00
1.00
B 21
0.90
0.96
0.98
2.84
0.95
2010
Patig
1.02
1.02
1.04
3.08
1.03
Mabunga
1.04
1.08
1.02
3.14
1.05
CPV 60
1.04
1.06
1.06
3.16
1.05
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

54

Tublay
0.98
1.00
1.00
2.98
0.99
B 21
1.04
1.00
1.00
3.04
1.01
TOTAL

15.00
15.44
15.28



GRAND TOTAL
45.72
GRAND MEAN



1.02

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 1.05
1.02
1.03 3.09
1.03b
Mabunga 1.02
1.05
1.05
3.11
1.04a
CPV 60
1.03
0.99
1.05
3.07
1.02c
Tublay 1.02
1.00
0.99 3.01
1.00d
B 21
0.99
0.95
1.01
2.95
0.98e
Production year of
planting materials
5.11 5.00 5.13
15.24


total
MEAN
1.02a
1.00b
1.03a


1.02
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 0.163
0.082
FACTOR A
2 0.166
0.083
6.89**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 0.407
0.102
8.45**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 0.285
0.036
2.96*
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28 0.337
0.012
TOTAL
44 1.358
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
2.16%
* - significant



Appendix Table 8. Pod diameter (cm)

REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
1.03 1.03 1.03
3.09 1.03
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

55

Mabunga
1.04 1.05 1.06
3.15 1.05
CPV 60
1.05 1.07 1.05
3.17 1.06
Tublay
1.04 1.03 1.06
3.13 1.04
B 21
1.03 1.03 1.02
3.08 1.03
2009
Patig
1.03 1.03 1.02
3.08 1.03
Mabunga
1.05 1.06 1.05
3.16 1.05
CPV 60
1.05 1.05 1.04
3.14 1.05
Tublay
1.03 1.05 1.03
3.11 1.04
B 21
1.02 1.05 1.03
3.10 1.03
2010
Patig
1.02 1.03 1.03
3.08 1.03
Mabunga
1.05 1.05 1.04
3.14 1.05
CPV 60
1.05 1.05 1.05
3.15 1.05
Tublay
1.03 1.05 1.05
3.13 1.04
B 21
1.03 1.05 1.02
3.10 1.03
TOTAL

15.55
15.68
15.58



GRAND TOTAL
46.81
GRAND MEAN



1.04

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 1.03
1.03
1.03 3.09 1.03b
Mabunga 1.05
1.05
1.05
3.15 1.05a
CPV 60
1.06
1.05
1.05
3.16 1.05a
Tublay 1.04
1.04
1.04 3.12 1.04ab
B 21
1.03
1.03
1.03
3.09 1.03b
Production year of
planting materials
5.21 5.2 5.2

15.61

total
MEAN
1.04
1.04
1.04


1.04
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 0.062
0.031
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

56

FACTOR A
2 0.003
0.002
0.20ns
3.34 5.45
FACTOR B
4 0.404
0.102
13.07**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 0.039
0.005
0.63ns
2.29 3.23
ERROR
28 0.218
0.008
TOTAL
44 0.730
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
0.85%
ns - not significant




Appendix Table 9. Weight of marketable pods per plot (kg/5m2)


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
2.80
3.20
2.50
8.50
2.83
Mabunga
4.80
5.50
4.70
15.00
5.00
CPV 60
4.10
4.10
3.80
12.00
4.00
Tublay
3.00
3.30
3.20
9.50
3.17
B 21
4.60
4.50
4.30
13.40
4.47
2009
Patig
4.30
3.70
3.90
11.90
3.97
Mabunga
6.90
6.80
6.80
20.50
6.83
CPV 60
5.10
5.60
5.80
16.50
5.50
Tublay
4.50
4.80
4.80
14.10
4.70
B 21
5.50
5.80
5.30
16.60
5.53
2010
Patig
4.50
3.90
4.20
12.60
4.20
Mabunga
7.10
6.80
7.00
20.90
6.97
CPV 60
5.60
5.60
6.00
17.20
5.73
Tublay
4.80
5.00
4.90
14.70
4.90
B 21
5.80
5.70
5.30
16.80
5.60
TOTAL

73.40
74.30
72.50



GRAND TOTAL
220.20
GRAND MEAN




4.89




Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

57

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 2.83
3.97
4.20
11.00
3.67d
Mabunga 5.00
6.83
6.97 18.80
6.27a
CPV 60
4.00
5.50
5.73
15.23
5.08b
Tublay 3.17
4.70
4.90 12.77
4.26c
B 21
4.47
5.53
5.60
15.60
5.20b
Production year of
planting materials
19.47 26.53 27.40

73.40

total
MEAN
3.89b
5.31a
5.48a


4.89

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
MEAN
COMPUTED
OF
OF
OF
F
SQUARE
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 0.108
0.054
FACTOR A
2 22.725
11.363
176.23**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 35.330
8.833
136.99**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
0.859
0.107
1.67ns
2.29 3.23
ERROR
28 1.805
0.064
TOTAL
44 60.828
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
5.19%
ns - not significant



Appendix Table 10. Weight of non-marketable pods per plot (kg/5m2)


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
0.64
0.74
0.66
2.04
0.68
Mabunga
1.10
1.67
1.32
4.09
1.36
CPV 60
0.80
0.97
0.96
2.73
0.91
Tublay
0.62
0.73
0.75
2.10
0.70
B 21
0.83
1.24
1.10
3.17
1.06
2009
Patig
0.85
0.96
0.86
2.67
0.89
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

58

Mabunga
2.34
2.40
2.46
7.20
2.40
CPV 60
1.08
1.10
1.26
3.44
1.15
Tublay
0.96
1.00
1.36
3.32
1.11
B 21
0.78
1.10
1.09
2.97
0.99
2010
Patig
0.97
0.90
0.87
2.74
0.91
Mabunga
2.15
2.60
2.36
7.11
2.37
CPV 60
1.30
1.28
1.45
4.03
1.34
Tublay
1.16
1.25
1.30
3.71
1.24
B 21
0.91
0.97
0.93
2.81
0.94
TOTAL

16.49
18.91
18.73



GRAND TOTAL
54.13
GRAND MEAN




1.20

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 0.68
0.89
0.91 2.48
0.83c
Mabunga 1.36
2.40
2.37
6.13
2.04a
CPV 60
0.91
1.15
1.34
3.40
1.13b
Tublay 0.70
1.11
1.24 3.04
1.01bc
B 21
1.06
0.99
0.94
2.98
0.99bc
Production year of
planting materials
4.71 6.53 6.80

18.04

total
MEAN
0.94b
1.31a
1.36a


1.20
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 0.242
0.121
FACTOR A
2
1.553
0.776
57.72**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 8.395
2.099
156.04**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
1.410
0.176
13.10**
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28 0.377
0.013
TOTAL
44 11.976
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
9.64%
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

59

Appendix Table 11. Total yield per plot (kg/5m2)


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
3.44
3.94
3.16
10.54
3.51
Mabunga
5.90
7.17
6.02
19.09
6.36
CPV 60
4.90
5.07
4.76
14.73
4.91
Tublay
3.62
4.03
3.95
11.60
3.87
B 21
5.43
5.74
5.40
16.57
5.52
2009
Patig
5.15
4.66
4.76
14.57
4.86
Mabunga
9.24
9.20
9.26
27.70
9.23
CPV 60
6.18
6.70
7.06
19.94
6.65
Tublay
5.46
5.80
6.16
17.42
5.81
B 21
6.28
6.90
6.39
19.57
6.52
2010
Patig
5.47
4.80
5.07
15.34
5.11
Mabunga
9.25
9.40
9.36
28.01
9.34
CPV 60
6.90
6.88
7.45
21.23
7.08
Tublay
5.96
6.25
6.20
18.41
6.14
B 21
6.71
6.67
6.23
19.61
6.54
TOTAL

89.89
93.21
91.23



GRAND TOTAL
274.33
GRAND MEAN




6.10

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 3.51
4.86
5.11
13.48
4.49d
Mabunga 6.36
9.23
9.34 24.93
8.31a
CPV 60
4.91
6.65
7.08
18.63
6.21b
Tublay 3.87
5.81
6.14 15.81
5.27c
B 21
5.52
6.52
6.54
18.58
6.19b
Production year of
planting materials
24.18 33.07 34.20

91.44

total
MEAN
4.84b
6.61a
6.84a


6.10
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

60

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 0.372
0.186
FACTOR A
2 36.157
18.078
182.94**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 73.592
18.398
186.18**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
4.310
0.539
5.45**
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28 2.767
0.099
TOTAL
44 117.198
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
5.16%




Appendix Table 12. Computed yield per hectare (t/ha)


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
6.88
7.88
6.32
21.08
7.03
Mabunga
11.80
14.34
12.04
38.18
12.73
CPV 60
9.80
10.14
9.52
29.46
9.82
Tublay
7.24
8.06
7.90
23.20
7.73
B 21
10.86
11.48
10.80
33.14
11.05
2009
Patig
10.30
9.32
9.52
29.14
9.71
Mabunga
18.48
18.40
18.52
55.40
18.47
CPV 60
12.36
13.40
14.12
39.88
13.29
Tublay
10.92
11.60
12.32
34.84
11.61
B 21
12.56
13.80
12.78
39.14
13.05
2010
Patig
10.94
9.60
10.14
30.68
10.23
Mabunga
18.50
18.80
18.72
56.02
18.67
CPV 60
13.80
13.76
14.90
42.46
14.15
Tublay
11.92
12.50
12.40
36.82
12.27
B 21
13.42
13.34
12.46
39.22
13.07
TOTAL

179.78 186.42
182.46



GRAND TOTAL
548.66
GRAND MEAN




12.19
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

61


TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 7.03
9.71
10.23
26.97
8.99d
Mabunga 12.73
18.47
18.67 49.87
16.62a
CPV 60
9.82
13.29
14.15
37.27
12.42b
Tublay 7.73
11.61
12.27 31.62
10.54c
B 21
11.05
13.05
13.07
37.17
12.39b
Production year of
planting materials
48.35 66.13 68.40

182.89

total
MEAN
9.67b
13.23a
13.68a


12.19

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 1.488
0.744
FACTOR A
2 144.627
72.313
182.94**
3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 294.369
73.592
186.18**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8
17.239
2.155
5.45**
2.29
3.23
ERROR
28 11.068
0.395
TOTAL
44 468.791
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
5.16%



Appendix Table 13. Bean rust infection


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
4
4
4
12
4.00
Mabunga
3
2
2
7
2.33
CPV 60
1
1
2
4
1.33
Tublay
2
3
2
7
2.33
B 21
2
2
3
7
2.33
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

62

2009
Patig
4
3
4
11
3.67
Mabunga
2
2
2
6
2.00
CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00
Tublay
3
3
2
8
2.67
B 21
3
2
3
8
2.67
2010
Patig
3
4
3
10
3.33
Mabunga
2
3
2
7
2.33
CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00
Tublay
2
2
3
7
2.33
B 21
2
3
3
8
2.67
TOTAL

37
38
39



GRAND TOTAL
114
GRAND MEAN



2.53

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 4.00
3.67
3.33
11.00
3.67a
Mabunga 2.33
2.00
2.33
6.67
2.22b
CPV 60
1.33
2.00
2.00
5.33
1.78b
Tublay 2.33
2.67
2.33 7.33
2.44b
B 21
2.33
2.67
2.67
7.67
2.56b
Production year of
planting materials
12.33 13.00 12.67

38.00

total
MEAN
2.47
2.60
2.53


2.53
ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 O.133
0.067
FACTOR A
2 0.133
0.067
0.26ns
3.34 5.45
FACTOR B
4 17.644
4.411
17.15**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 2.089
0.261
1.01ns
2.29 3.23
ERROR
28 7.200
0.257
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

63

TOTAL
44 27.200
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
20.02%
ns - not significant




Appendix Table 14. Pod borer infestation


REPLICATION

ENTRIES
TOTAL MEAN

I
II
III

2008
Patig
3
3
2
8
2.67
Mabunga
2
2
3
7
2.33
CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00
Tublay
2
3
2
7
2.33
B 21
2
2
2
6
2.00
2009
Patig
3
3
2
8
2.67
Mabunga
2
2
3
7
2.33
CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00
Tublay
2
2
2
6
2.00
B 21
2
2
2
6
2.00
2010
Patig
3
3
3
9
3.00
Mabunga
2
2
2
6
2.00
CPV 60
2
2
2
6
2.00
Tublay
2
2
2
6
2.00
B 21
2
2
2
6
2.00
TOTAL

33
34
33



GRAND TOTAL
100
GRAND MEAN




2.22

TWO-WAY TABLE
VARIETY
VARIETY
Y
MEAN

S8
YS9
YS10

TOTAL
Patig 2.67
2.67
3.00 8.33
2.78
Mabunga 2.33
2.33
2.00
6.67
2.22
CPV 60
2.00
2.00
2.00
6.00
2.00
Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

64

Tublay 2.33
2.00
2.00 6.33
2.11
B 21
2.00
2.00
2.00
6.00
2.00
Production year of
planting materials
11.33 11.00 11.00


33.33

total
MEAN
2.27
2.20
2.20


2.22

ANOVA TABLE

SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
F
VARIANCE
FREEDOM SQUARES SQUARE
F
0.05 0.01
REPLICATION
2 O.044
0.022
FACTOR A
2 0.044
0.022
0.19ns 3.34
5.45
FACTOR B
4 3.778
0.944
8.04**
2.71
4.07
A x B
8 0.622
0.078
0.66ns
2.29 3.23
ERROR
28 3.289
0.117
TOTAL
44 7.778
**
-
highly
significant
C.V.
=
15.42%
ns - not significant












Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties from Seeds Produced in Three

Different Years Under Organic Production System / Andrew D. Tupeng 2011

---

Document Outline

• Evaluation of Pole Snap Bean Varieties fromSeeds Produced in Three Different Years Under Organic Production System
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • ABSTRACT
  • TABLE OF CONTENTS
  • INTRODUCTION
  • REVIEW OF LITERATURE
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS
  • RESULTS AND DICUSSION
  • SUMMARRY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • LITERATURE CITED
  • APPENDICES

---