BIBLIOGRAPHY
LAGAWAD, CARMELITA P. APRIL 2010. Growth and Yield of Potato Entries
Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La Trinidad, Benguet Condition.
Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Guerzon A. Payangdo, MSc.
ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to identify the best entry and rates of vermicompost on
the growth yield of potato; determine the interaction effect between the potato entries and
rates of vermicompost and determine the economic benefit of growing potato applied
with different rates of vermicompost.

Among the entries used in the study, Gloria had the highest survival rate, was
resistant to late blight and produced the most marketable tubers. It also significantly
produced the highest total and computed yield and highest ROCE (238%).

Among the rates of vermicompost, application of 13 kg/5m2 produced the plants
with the highest survival rate, high vigor and resistance to leaf miner and late blight.
Furthermore, the plants applied with 13 kg/5m2 produced the highest yield of marketable
tubers. However, the plants had the lowest ROCE (-18.85%) due to high cost of
vermicompost.

In terms of yield, producing Gloria applied with 13kg/m2 of vermicompost might
be the best combination to increase marketable yield. However, based on ROCE, Gloria
applied with 7 kg/5m2 might be the best combination for a positive ROCE.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………….. i
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………… i
Table of Contents………………………………………………………………….
ii

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………… 1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
3
Temperature and Soil
Requirement of Potato……………………………………………………...
3
Varietal Evaluation in
Organic Farming…………………………………………………………....
3
Vermicompost……………………………………………………………...
4
Benefits of Vermicompost…………………………………………………
5
Chemical Composition
of Vermicompost…………………………………………………………..
6
MATERIALS AND METHODS
7
Land Preparation and
Experimental Design……………………………….....................................
7
Cultural Management
Practice……………………………………………...................................... 7
Data Gathered……………………………………………………………
11

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 12


Meteorological Data………………………………………………………...
12
Plant Survival ……………………………………………............................
12
ii

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Plant Vigor………………………………………………………………….
13
Initial and Final Height
of Potato………………………………………………………………….....
13
Leaf Miner Infestation………………………………………………………
16
Late Blight Infection………………………………………………………..
16
Canopy Cover……………………………………………………………….
17
Number of Marketable and
Non-marketable tubers……………………………………………………...
18
Weight of Marketable and
Non-marketable tubers……………………………………………………...
20
Total and Computed Yield………………………………………………….
25
Dry Matter Content ………………………………………………………..
26
Return on Cash Expense……………………………………………………
28
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
29
Summary ……………………………………………………………………
29

Conclusions………………………………………………………………... 30
Recommendations…………………………………………………………..
30
LITERATURE CITED…………………………………………………………..
32
APPENDICES…………………………………………………………………… 35

iii

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INTRODUCTION


Potato
(Solanum tuberosum L.) is commercially grown in Benguet, Bukidnon,
Pangasinan, Lanao del Norte, Nueva Ecija and North Cotabato. Benguet is a highly
profitable potato producer and is among the provinces with wealthier small-scale farmers
in the country (Waibel, 1981). Due to the high-end quality of locally grown potatoes,
local processors have started to notice the Benguet potatoes (Dati, 2009).

However, potato production in Benguet is mainly conventional which involves
the use of synthetic fertilizers, which are readily available in the market. These fertilizers
are also believed to have a more effective action to plant growth. However, using these
fertilizers may cause problems on soil acidity, soil pollution and gradual depletion of the
soil nutrients (TACC, 2009).

The attempt to use vermicompost as an alternative fertilizer in potato production
may improve the soil properties and increase yield. The proper application of
recommended fertilizer rates may contribute to lower inputs of production.

Vermicompost is one of the organic fertilizers produced through composting with
the action of earthworm feeding on a biological waste material and plant residues. The
humus in the vermicompost contains toxins, fungi and bacteria, which has the ability to
fight off plant diseases and prevent plants from absorbing more nutrients than they need
(Hahn, 2007).

Farmers of Benguet are intensive users of chicken dung but due to its fowl odor,
it attracts more flies. Vermicompost, on the other hand, is an odorless, clean, organic
material containing adequate quantities of NPK and high amount of humus that favors
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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good physical conditions in the soil for plant and beneficial organism (Agro Organics,
2009).

Thus, using vermicompost as an alternative fertilizer to chicken dung and other
synthetic fertilizers in potato production must be studied. On the other hand, the first
decision in potato production is to use the best variety to plant. Resistant varieties ensure
high yield and better quality of produce. Thus, selection of a high yielding potato variety
must be continually done.

The objectives of the study are to:
1. identify the best entry and rates of vermicompost on the growth and yield of
potato;
2. determine the interaction effect between the potato entries and different rates of
vermicompost; and

3. determine the economic benefit of growing potato applied with different rates
of vermicompost.

The study was conducted at Longlong, La Trinidad Benguet from April 2009 to
July 2009.







Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Temperature and Soil Requirement of Potato

Potato has a wide range of soil adaptation. A fertile soil rich in organic matter is
essential for its good growth. Average temperature ranges between 15-18 0C (PCARRD,
1979) but also grows best at temperature from 17 0C to 22 0C with soil temperature of 13
0C to 18 0C (NPRCRTC, 1998).
HARRDEC (1996) reported that the recommended temperature for potato ranges
from 17º C to 23º C. Furthermore, Simongo 2007 stressed that potato grows best with an
average relative humidity of 86 %. Perez (2008) added that due to the presence of
moisture and high relative humidity occurrence of late bight is favorable.
For optimum yields, a deep well drained loam soil or sandy loam with a pH of 5.5
to 6.0 is required for potato cultivars. Maximum yields are normally obtained when the
average temperature through out the growing season ranges between 15-18 0C. A cool
night temperature appears to be more important than a cool daytime temperature.
However, high temperature during the day reduces high yield (PCARRD, 1979). Further
results revealed that potato grows well with satisfactory production in a wide variety of
soil with a pH ranging form 5.0 to 6.5 (Motes and Criswell, 2000).

Varietal Evaluation in Organic Farming


Singh (1999) stated that the proposed standard variety selection in organic
farming is to be adapted locally common in the area, the selected variety must be resistant
to pest and diseases so that the crop planted may yield high produce. However, organic
farmers need the varieties that are adapted to specific soil fertility conditions. To some
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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production circumstances, varieties that do not perform well in organic system have
different yielding ranks. In selecting the right variety, the farmers must also consider the
consumers requirements, supermarket requirement and the variety maturity in order to
achieve the best production needed.
Vergara (1991) added that new varieties under good condition have greater yield
potentials than the old ones. The use of fertilizer and improved farming practices will
increase more yield in new varieties than the old ones.

Simongo and Tad-awan (2007) reported that in terms of leaf area index, net
assimilation rate and growth rate CIP 380241.17, CIP 13.1.1 and PHIL 5.19.2.2 are the
best performers. Further results revealed that the genotypes PHIL 5.19.2.2, CIP 13.1.1
and CIP 380241.17 had the highest total yield of 4.75 kg, 4.21 kg and 4.13 kg, and
computed marketable yields of 6.33, 5.46, and 5.92 tons/ha, respectively.
According to NPRCRTC Director Dati (2009) 7,000 farmers planted new potato
varieties of Benguet State University for evaluation, aiming to clinch a bound of
importing potatoes to their foreign suppliers.

Vermicompost

Vermicompost is one of the organic fertilizers produced through composting with
the action of earthworm. It can be produced in about four to five weeks provided
optimum conditions for earthworm growth and development are met. Earthworms are
useful soil dwellers that feed on organic materials and in return will produce humus
(vermicompost) through their excrete or waste product (Lagman, 2003).


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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Benefits and Use of Vermicompost

Bhawan (2002) claimed that vermicompost is known as “farmer’s gold”. It acts
as barrier to prevent extreme pH levels from making it impossible for plants to absorb
nutrients. Made from eco-friendly technology using organic waste producing
vermicompost that is available in particle forms (granules) which can be applied at any
stage of the crop. It also improves the quality of produce, reduces cost of cultivation and
offers additional value in the farm of organic agriculture. The reports of Alam (2005)
showed that upon increasing the rate of the vermicompost the dry matter increases.
A potential environmental benefit of vermitechnology includes reduction of
noxious qualities of organic wastes, elimination / reduction of harmful microorganisms;
conversion of agro-wastes into high value fertilizer and production of food and feed from
food discards Vermicompost envisages the soil fertility for years together with out
affecting the food quality. The NPK content of vermicompost is higher than the farmyard
wastes (Tripathi et al., 2005). In addition, Singh (2001) stated that vermicompost has a
good physical and chemical property, which supply the nutrients required for plant
growth and development.
Betayan (2009) reported that increasing the rate of vermicompost from 5-30
tons/ha had improved the growth of potato (var. Igorota) and enhanced the initial and
final heights of the plant. The plants applied with 30 tons/ha were the tallest at 75 days
after emergence. This was attributed to the ability of vermicompost to provide the
essential physical and chemical conditions for growth and development and the added
nutrients supplied by the vermicompost.
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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The ideal physical and chemical properties of the soil as a growing media are
obtained from vermicompost. Application of vermicompost increases the water holding
capacity and decreases the bulk density of a media (Patnaik, 2009). Lumagto (2004)
stressed those organic fertilizers like vermicompost can improve the soil physical,
chemical and biological property that favors the growth of the plant. Ansari (2005)
agreed that vermicompost as an organic input can grow vegetable crops successfully.

Chemical Compositions of Vermicompost

According to Nagavallemma et. al, (2004) vermicast from recycled waste contain
nutrient element such as N (1.61%), P (1.02%), K (0.73%), Ca (7.61%), Mg (0.568%),
Na (0.158%), Zn (0.11%), Fe (1.33%) and Mn (0.2038%). Rajendran (2008) also claimed
that earthworm casting (vermicompost) in the home garden often contains 0.50% of
Nitrogen, with 0.57 % Phosphorous and 3.14% Potassium.
The chemical properties of soil such as N, P, K, OM and pH are significantly
increased by the addition of vermicompost. Therefore, the application of vermicompost
increased the yield, (Lagman, 2003).
As reported by Krisma (2002) that nitrogen is crucial for several physiological
and biochemical reactions during vegetative and reproductive stages of the plant, this
implies that the nitrogen content of the vermicompost is not totally used after the potato
had been planted. He further concluded that the vital process like the photosynthesis and
respiration are dependent on the potassium concentration in plant cells. According to
HARRDEC (1996), phosphorous is needed by the crop during its early development and
tuberization to increase the number of tubers produced per plant.

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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MATERIALS AND METHODS




An area of 180 m2 was thoroughly prepared and divided into three blocks
consisting of 36 plots measuring 1 m x 5 m. The treatments were laid out in 3 x 4
factorial design arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications.

The different rates of vermicompost were applied basally by thoroughly mixing
with the soil before planting. Potato seed tubers were planted at a depth of 7 cm at a
distance of 30 cm x 30 cm between hills and rows.

The following treatments were:

Factor A: Entry

Factor B: Rate of Vermicompost (VC)

E1 –
Gloria
T1- 0 kg/ 5m
E2 – PHIL 5.19.2.2

T2-7 kg/5m
E3 – CIP 380241.17 T3-10 kg/ 5m
T4-13 kg/5m



Other cultural management practices necessary for potato production such as
irrigation, weeding, insect pest and disease control were uniformly employed in the
experiment throughout the duration of the study.

Data Gathered

1. Meteorological data. Temperature (º C), Relative Humidity (%), Rainfall (mm),
and Sunshine Duration (kj) was taken at the BSU-PAGASA Office.

2. Percentage survival. This was taken by counting the number of plants that
survived two weeks after planting using the following formula:

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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Total Number of Plants Survived


% Survival= __________________________________ x 100


Total Number of Tubers Planted per Plot


3. Initial plant height (cm). Initial plant height was taken by measuring ten sample
plants from base to the tip of the longest shoots 7 days after emergence.

4. Canopy cover (%). This was gathered at 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after planting
with the use of a wooden frame at 120 cm x 60 cm with equal sized foliage grids.

5. Plant vigor. This was recorded at 30 and 45 days after planting using the CIP
(2001) rating scale.
Scale Description Remarks

1 Plants are weak with few stem Poor vigor
and leaves; very pale



2 Plants are weak with few thin stems Less vigorous
and leaves pale


3 Better than less vigorous Moderate vigorous
4 Plants are moderately strong with Vigorous
robust stems and leaves: leaves are light

green in color



5 Plants are strong with robust stem and leaves; Highly vigorous

leaves are light to dark green color.


6. Final height (cm). Ten sample plants per plot were measured from the base to
the tip of the plant one week before harvest.

7. Leaf miner infestation. This was observed at 30, 45, and 60 DAP using the
following scale (CIP, 2001):
Scale Description Remarks

1 Less infested (1-20%) Highly Resistant

2 Infested (20-40%) Moderately resistance
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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3 Moderately infested (41-60%) Intermediate

4 Severely infested (61-80%) Moderate susceptibility

5 Most serious Susceptible

8. Late blight infection. This was observed at 30, 45, and 60 days after planting
using the CIP rating scale (Henfling, 1987).
Late Blight (%) CIP scale Description of corresponding symptoms



0
1
No late blight observed.

Trace-<5
2
Late blight present. Maximum 10 lesions per plant.

5-<25
3
Plants look healthy, but lesions are easily seen at a closer
distance. Maximum foliage area is affected by lesions or
destroyed. It corresponds to no more than 20 leaflets.

15-<35
4
Late blight is easily seen on most plants. About 25% of
foliage is covered with lesions or destroyed.

35-<65
5
Treatments look green; however all plants are affected
leaves are dead. About half the foliage area is destroyed.

65-<85
6
Treatments look green with brown flecks. About 75% of each
plant is affected. Leaves of the lower half of the plants are
destroyed.

85-<95
7
Treatments are neither predominantly green nor brown Only
top leaves are green. Many have large lesions.

95-, 100
8
Treatments are brown-colored. A few top leaves still have
green areas. Most stems have lesions or are dead.

100
9
All leaves and stems are dead.
Descriptions: 1= highly resistant; 2-3 = resistant; 45 = moderately resistant; 6-7
=moderately susceptible; 8-9 = susceptible


9. Number and weight of marketable tubers per 5m2 (kg). This was the counted
and weighed tubers from extra large to marble sized, not malformed, and free from
natural cracks and with no more than 10% greening of the total surface at harvest.
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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10. Number and weight of non-marketable tubers per 5m2 (kg). This was obtained
by counting and weighing all tubers that has natural cracks, malformed and damaged by
pest and diseases.

11. Total yield per 5m2 (kg). This was the recorded weight of both marketable and
non-marketable tubers.

12. Tuber dry matter content (%). The dry matter content of the tubers was
determined by slicing 4 medium tubers into 100g and replicated three times and then
oven dried at 80°C for 72 hours.

Dry matter content was computed using the formula:

% DMC= 100 - % moisture content
Where:

Fresh Weight-Oven Dried Weight

% MC = _________________________ x 100



Fresh Weight

13. Computed yield (tons/ha). This was obtained by using the following formula:
Total Yield Per Plot (kg)
Yield (t/ha) = ________________ x 10,000 m2
5 m 2 / 1000m2
14. Return on cash expense. This was obtained through the following formula:








Net Profit


ROCE =
_________________ x 100




Total Cost of Production





Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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Data Analysis


All quantitative data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance for the
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The significance of
differences among treatment means was tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test
(DMRT).



































Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION


Meteorological Data


Table 1 shows the meteorological data from April to July at Longlong, La
Trinidad, Benguet. During the conduct of the study, minimum and maximum temperature
ranges from 23.08º C to 25. 4 ºC. The lowest relative humidity was noted in the month of
April at 84 % while the highest was recorded in July at 92%. A little rainfall of 11.6 mm
was recorded in the month of April while a heavy rainfall was noted in the months of
June and July (25.6mm). Sunshine duration in the month of July and June was low
ranging from 183 to 184.6 kj as compared to the month of April and May with sunsgine
duration of 271kj to 276 kj.

The recommended temperature for potato ranges from 17º C to 23º C
(HARRDEC, 1996). Simongo (2007) added that potato grows best with an average
relative humidity of 86 %. Furthermore, Escalante and Farrera (2004) reported that
amount of rainfall ranging from 10.0mm-18.0mm favors the infection of late blight to
potato plants. Therefore, temperature and rainfall during the conduct of the study was
unfavorable for potato production.

Table 1. Temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, sunshine duration from April to July
2009.

MONTH TEMP
RH
RAINFALL SUNSHINE DURATION
(ºC)
(%)
(mm)
(Kj)
APRIL 24.70
84.00
13.00 271.00
MAY 25.40
88.00
11.60 276.50
JUNE 24.80
88.00
25.60 184.60
JULY 23.08
92.00
25.30 183.00
Source: BSU PAG-ASA (2009)


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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Plant Survival
Effect of the entry. Results showed a significant difference on the percent survival
of the different entries. Entry Gloria obtained the highest percent survival of 80 %
followed by CIP 380241.17 (68 %) while PHIL 5.19.2.2 had the lowest percent of
survival (Table 2). This shows that entry Gloria has a potential ability to withstand the
erratic rainfall pattern during the conduct of the study. The differences between the
entries may be due to their resistance and adaptability to the condition of the area.

Effect of the rates of vermicompost. Plants applied with 13 kg/5m2 vermicompost
had a percent survival of 83 %, which was significantly higher than the plants applied
with 10 and 7 kg/5m2 of vermicompost. The higher survival of the plants could be
attributed to the sufficient nutrient content that supported the plants growth. This
conforms to the statement that vermicompost as an organic input for vegetable crops
results in successful growth (Ansari, 2008).
Interaction
effect. Highly significant interaction was noted on the interaction
between potato entries and different rates of vermicompost (Fig.1).

Entry PHIL 5.19.2.2 registered the highest survival rate when applied with
13kg/5m2 of vermicompopst. For most of the entries, raising the rates of applied
vermicompost led to increased survival rate.

Plant Vigor

Effect of the entry. Table 2 shows that all the potato entries used were highly
vigorous at 30 days after planting. This could be the effect of the vermicompost, which
provided sufficient nutrients to the potato plant. However, at 45 DAP plants were
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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observed to be vigorous in spite of the slight infestation of leaf miner and late blight
infection
Effect of the rates of vermicompost. Application of different rates of
vermicompost did not significantly affect the plant vigor. However results revealed that
application of 13 kg of vermicompost resulted to highly vigorous plants at 45 DAP.
Interaction effect. No significant interaction was noted on plant vigor at 30 and 45
DAP between the different potato entries and rates of vermicompost applied.

Table 2. Plant survival and vigor at 30 and 45 DAP of three potato entries applied with
different rates of vemicompost

TREATMENT SURVIVAL PLANT VIGOR
(%)
45 (DAP)
Factor (A)


Gloria
80a
Vigorous
PHIL 5.19.2.2
62c
Vigorous
CIP 380241.17
68b
Vigorous
Factor (B)


0 kg/5m2
58d
Vigorous
7 kg/5m2 63c
Vigorous
10 kg/5m2 76b
Vigorous
13 kg/5m2 83a
Highly vigorous
A x B
**

CV (%)
10.72

For each column, treatment means with different letter are significantly different at 5%
probability levels (DMRT)
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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Figure 1. Interaction effect on percent survival of the three potato entries applied with
different rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)


Initial and Final Height

Effect of the entry. The different potato entries did not show significant
differences on the initial height at 30 DAP. Numerically, entry PHIL 5.19.2.2 was the
tallest. This coincides with the result that entry PHIL 5.19.2.2 produced the tallest plant in
two locations at Benguet (Lem-ew, 2007).
Statistically, entry CIP 380241.17 significantly obtained the tallest final height at
75 DAP.
Effect of the rates of vermicompost. The data presented in table 3 shows the
influence of different rates of vermicompost on the heights of the potato plants. The plots
applied with 13kg of vermicompost significantly produced the tallest plants.
These observations show that the organic matter N, P, K contents of the
vermicompost as well as the pH value can support the vegetative growth of the potato
entries tested for evaluation.
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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Interaction effect. Significant interaction between the two factors was observed on
the final height at 75 DAP (Fig.2). Entry CIP 380241.17 applied with 13 kg/5m2
vermicompost was the tallest plants. Application of 13 kg/5m2 vermicompost may have
improved the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil that favored the
growth of the plants (Lumagto, 2004).

Table 3. Initial and final height at 30 and 45 DAP of the three potato entries applied with
different rates of vermicompost (cm)

TREATMENT
PLANT HEIGHT
30 (DAP)
75 (DAP)
Factor (A)


Gloria
4.52
85.52c
PHIL 5.19.2.2
5.33
91.65b
CIP 380241.17
4.97
93.41a
Factor (B)


0 kg/5m2
4.63
76.58d
7 kg/5m2 4.67
94.20b
10 kg/5m2 4.97
93.99c
13 kg/5m2
5.47
96.01a
A x B
ns
*
CV (%)
9.77
6.33
For each column, treatment means with different letter are significantly different at 5%
probability levels (DMRT)


Figure 2. Interaction effect on final plant height at 75 DAP of potato entries applied with
different rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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Leaf Miner Infestation

Effect of the entry. Table 4 shows the incidence of leaf miner infestation on the
different potato entries. There was no leaf miner observed at 30 days after planting, all
entries were highly resistant. However, during 45 to 60 DAP there were slight variations
observed which may be attributed to the varietal nature of the crop and weather condition
during the study period. PHIL 5.19.2.2 remained highly resistant until 60 DAP.
Effect of the rates of vermicompost. Different rates of vermicompost did not
significantly affect the leaf miner infestation at 45 DAP. After 60 DAP, plants applied
with 0 to 10 kg vermicompost were moderately resistant as compared to the plants
applied with 13 kg which were highly resistant. The plants recovery may be the effect of
higher rate of vermicompost applied that contributed to the health and resistance of the
crop.
Interaction effect. No significant interaction existed between the two factors on
the leaf miner infestation at 45 and 60 days after planting.

Table 4. Reaction of the three potato entries to leaf miner infestation at 30, 45, and 60
DAP applied with different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENT
LEAF MINER INFESTATION

45 (DAP)
60 (DAP)
Factor (A)


Gloria
Highly resistant
Moderately resistant
PHIL 5.19.2.2
Highly resistant
Highly resistant
CIP 380241.17
Moderately resistant Moderately
resistant
Factor (B)


0kg/5m2
Moderately resistant
Moderately resistant
7 kg/5m2 Highly
resistant
Moderately resistant
10 kg/5m2 Highly
resistant Moderately resistant
13 kg/5m2
Moderately resistant Highly resistant


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
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Late Blight Infection
Effect of the entry. Potato entries showed no significance at 30 days after
planting. However slight differences were noted at 45 and 60 DAP. The slight difference
could be attributed to the heavy rainfall observed during the study period, which
enhanced the occurrence of late blight. A 10.0- 18.0mm amount of rainfall favors the late
blight infection of potatoes (Escalante and Farrera, 2004).
Furthermore, high relative humidity favors the occurrence of late blight (Perez,
2008). Both Gloria and PHIL 5.19.2.2 remained resistant at 60 DAP.

Effect of the rates of vermicompost. The different rates of vermicompost did not
show any significant differences on the late blight infection at 30, 45 and 60 days after
planting (Table 5).
Interaction
effect. The interaction between potato entries and rates of
vermicompost with respect to late blight infection was not significant.

Table 5. Reaction of three potato entries to late blight infection at 30, 45 and 60 DAP
applied with different rates of vermicompost


LATE BLIGHT INFECTION
TREATMENT
30 (DAP)
45 (DAP)
60 (DAP)

Factor (A)



Gloria
Highly resistant
Highly resistant
Resistant
PHIL 5.19.2.2
Highly resistant
Resistant
Resistant
CIP 380241.17
Resistant
Resistant
Moderately
resistant
Factor (B)



0 kg/5m2 Resistant
Resistant
Resistant
7 kg/5m2
Resistant
Resistant
Resistant
10 kg/5m2
Highly resistant
Resistant
Resistant
13 kg/5m2
Highly resistant
Highly resistant
Resistant

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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19
Canopy Cover

Effect of the entry. The canopy cover of the three potato entries at 30 days after
planting had no significant differences (Table 6). This may be because the potato plants
are still on their vegetative stage and are not yet fully developed to obtain wider leaf
cover. At 45, 60 and 75 DAP the canopy cover was significantly affected by different
potato entries used. The canopy cover was progressively increasing up to 60 days but a
slight decrease was observed at 75 days. The heavy rainfall during the period of the study
might have affected the decrease in the canopy cover. PHIL 5.19.2.2 had the widest
canopy cover at 75 DAP.
Effect of the rates vermicompost. At 30 days after planting (DAP), the canopy
cover ranging from 16 to 18 % was not significant. Significant differences were observed
at 45, 60 and 75 DAP. The narrowest canopy was recorded in plants without
vermicompost while the widest canopy was obtained by the application of 13 kg/5m2
vermicompost. This may be attributed by the higher level of nutrients incorporated in the
soil. This was supported by the findings of Beukema and Vander Zaag (1979) that the
development of haulm which includes foliage growth is highly affected by climatic and
soil conditions.
Interaction effect. Significant interaction between the two factors was noted on
the canopy cover at 45, 60 and 75 days after planting (Fig.3). Entry PHIL 5.19.2.2 and
CIP 380241.17 significantly registered the widest canopy cover when applied with
increasing rates of vermicompost (0-13 kg). The peak of the leaf area is chiefly
influenced by variety, fertilizer and planting date (Amer and Harfield, 2004).

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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20
Table 6. Canopy cover at 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAP of the three potato entries applied with
different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENT
CANOPY COVER
30 (DAP)
45 (DAP)
60 (DAP)
75 (DAP)
Factor (A)



Gloria
18
36a
48c
39b
PHIL 5.19.2.2
17
39b 65a 48a
CIP 380241.17
16
35a 62b 42ab
Factor (B)




0 kg/5m2
17
31b
48d
36b
7 kg/5m2 16
37ab 55c 43ab
10 kg/5m2
16
37ab 61b 42ab
13 kg/5m2 18
41a 69a 49a
A x B
ns
*
**
*
CV
(%)
18.4 13.52 13.07 20.76
For each column, treatment means with different letter are significantly different at 5%
probability levels (DMRT)



Figure 3a. Interaction effect on percent canopy cover at 45 DAP of three potato entries
applied with different rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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21

Figure 3b. Interaction effect on percent canopy cover at 60 DAP of three potato entries
applied with different rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)

Gloria
PHIL 5.19.2.2
CIP 380241.17
60
50
40
py cover
30
cano 20
10
e
r
cent
P
0
0
7
10
13
Rates of vermicompost (kg)

Figure 3c. Interaction effect on canopy cover at 75 DAP of potato entries applied with
different rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)


Number of Marketable and
Non-marketable Tubers

Effect of the entry. Table 7 shows significant differences among the different
tuber sizes from the different entries studied. Gloria produced the most marketable tubers
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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22
from medium to marble sized followed by entry PHIL 5.19.2.2 while the least tubers
were produced by entry CIP 380241.17. No significant differences were observed on the
number of extra large and large tubers. As to the number of non-marketable tubers, PHIL
5.19.2.2 significantly gave the least tubers followed by CIP 380241.17 but comparable to
Gloria, which obtained the highest non-marketable tubers.

Effect of the rates of vermicompost. Statistical analysis showed significant
differences among the rates of vermicompost applied. It was noted that plants treated
with 13 kg/5m2 produced the highest total number of marketable tubers followed by the
plants applied with 10 and 7 kg/5m2 vermicompost.
On the number of non-marketable tubers, 7 kg/5m2 and 13 kg/5m2 significantly
produced lesser f tubers. This implies that the application of vermicompost ranging from
7 to 13 kg/5m2 could increase the number of tubers.
Interaction effect. A significant interaction existed on the number of marketable
and non-marketable tubers as affected by the entries and application of different rates of
vermicompost (Fig.4).
Statistically, results indicated that Gloria applied with 13 kg vermicompost gave
the most marketable medium, small and marble sized tubers. This may imply that
increasing the recommended rate (10kg/5m2) to 13 kg/5m2 may also increase the
production of tubers.




Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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23
Table 7. Number of marketable and non-marketable tubers of three potato entries applied
with different rates of vermicompost

MARKETABLE TUBERS (kg/5m2) NON-
MARKETABLE
TREATMENT
XL
L
M
S
MS
TOTAL TUBERS (kg/5m2)
Factor (A)
Gloria

5
13
21a
9a 14a
62a 7c
PHIL 5.19.2.2
4
10
16b
8b 12b
50b 5a
CIP
380241.17
11 12 5c
4c
9c
41c 6b
Factor (B)
0 kg/5m2
5d 7 13d
6bc
9d
40d 8c

7 kg/5m2
7c 10 15c
5c 11bc
48c 5ab
10 kg/5m2
9b 10 17b
6bc 10cd
52b 6b
13 kg/5m2
11a 13 24a
8a 13a
96a 4a
Ax B

ns
ns
**
*
*
* *

CV (%)
15.1 16.8 8.45 6.28 28.14 14.96 38.39
For each column, treatment means with different letter are significantly different at 5%
probability levels (DMRT)

Figure 4a. Interaction effect on the number of marketable medium (M) tubers of potato
entries and rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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24

Figure 4b. Interaction effect on the number of marketable small (S) tubers of potato
entries and rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)



Figure 4c. Interaction effect on the number of marketable marble sized (MS) tubers of
potato entries and different rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)


Weight of Marketable and
Non-marketable tubers

Effect of the entry. Table 8 showed that entry Gloria had significantly produced
the heaviest weight of marketable medium tubers but comparable to PHIL 5.19.2.2. The
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

25
high marketable medium tubers of Gloria might be attributed to the numerous tubers
produced and the resistance of the entry to late blight and leaf miner.
As to the weight of non-marketable tubers, CIP 380241.17 significantly produced
the lowest weight followed by Gloria and PHIL 5.19.2.2. The low weight of the CIP
380241.17 may be due to the fewer tubers rotten. As an effect of wet season planting,
some of the tubers were rotten and not fully matured during harvesting, thus affecting the
yield.
Effect of the rates of vermicompost. The plants applied with 13 kg/5m2 of
vermicompost significantly had the heaviest weight of medium-sized tubers (Table 8).
This indicates that higher-level of vermicompost is good for potato production. On the
non-marketable tubers, plants applied with 10 kg/5m2 vermicompost produced the lowest
non-marketable tubers.
Interaction
effect. Table 8 indicates that significant interaction existed on the
weight of marketable medium-sized tubers and non-marketable tubers (Fig.5). Entry
Gloria significantly produced the heaviest weight of medium sized tubers when applied
with 13 kg/5m2 of vermicompost. It was noted that upon raising the rates of
vermicompost applied the weight of marketable tubers increases.

As to the weight of non-marketable tubers, entry CIP 380241.17 applied with 10
kg/5m2 vermicompost gave the lowest weight of tubers.




Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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26
Table 8. Weight of marketable and non-marketable tubers of three potato entries applied
with different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENT MARKETABLE TUBERS (kg/5m2)
NON-MARKETABLE


XL L M S MS TOTAL TUBERS (kg/5m2)
Factor (A)
Gloria 1.90 2.20 2.90a 0.98 0.50
9 0.73b
PHIL 5.19.2.2 0.75 1.18 1.6 0ab 0.64 0.30
4 0.89c
CIP 380241.17 1.05 1.00 1.20c 0.40 0.27
6 0.67a
Factor (B)
0 kg/5m2 0.90 0.70 1.00d 0.50 0.60 4 0.76b
7 kg/5m2 2.00 1.20 1.56c 1.03 0.64 6 0.71ab
10 kg/5m2 1.21 1.42 2.00ab 1.80 1.00 7 0.69a
13 kg/5m2 1.05 2.29 2.40a 1.70 1.00 9 0.90c
A x B ns ns * ns ns ns *
CV (%)
14.90 18.4 20.80 7.74 24.90 14.25 21.10
For each column, treatment means with different letter are significantly different at 5%
probability levels (DMRT)


Figure 5a. Interaction effect on the weight of medium tubers of potato entries applied
with different rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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27

Figure 5b. Interaction on the weight of non-marketable tubers of potato entries and
different rates of vermicompost (kg/5m2)


Total and Computed Yield


Effect of the entry. No significant differences were noted on the total and
computed yield of the different potato entries. Numerically however, Gloria produced the
highest total and computed yield per hectare.
Effect of the rates of vermicompost. There were significant differences noted
between the rates of vermicompost on the total yield per plot. Plants applied with 13
kg/5m2 gave the heaviest yield. This coincides with the report of Betayan (2009) that
increasing the rate of vermicompost improved the growth and yield of potato plants.
Interaction
effect. The different potato entries and increasing rates of
vermicompost significantly interacted with respect to computed yield per hectare. Gloria
applied with 13 kg/5m2 vermicompost produced the highest computed yield. This result
implies that applying 13 kg/5m2 of vermicompost to Gloria will significantly increase
yield.
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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28
Table 9. Total and computed yield of three potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENT TOTAL
YIELD
(kg/5m2)
COMPUTED YIELD (tons/ha)
Factor (A)


Gloria
9.73
19.46
PHIL 5 .19.2.2
4.89
09.78
CIP 380241.17
6.67
13.34
Factor (B)


0 kg/5m2
4.76d
9.00
7 kg/5m2 6.71c 13.52
10 kg/5m2 7.69b 16.00
13 kg/5m2 9.90a 19.00
A x B
ns
*
CV (%)
14.95
15.25
For each column, treatment means with different letter are significantly different at 5%
probability levels (DMRT)

Computed yield (tons/ha)
Rates of vermicompost (kg)


Figure 6. Interaction on the computed yield (tons/ha) of three potato entries applied with
different rates of vermicompost.


Tuber dry matter


Effect of the entry. Entry PHIL 5.19.2.2 had the highest dry matter content of 23
% followed by Gloria (21 %) but not significantly different with CIP 380241.17 (Table
10). These results agree with the results of the study conducted at Puguis, La Trinidad
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

29
wherein PHIL 5.19.2.2 similarly produced the highest percent of dry matter content (Tad-
awan et.al , 2008).

Effect of the rates of vermicompost. The dry matter accumulation in tubers was
found to have a significant difference. The highest dry matter content accumulation was
found in potato entries applied with 13 kg/5m2 vermicompost. The lowest dry matter was
recorded in potato entries not applied with vermicompost. This confirms the statement
that increasing the level of the vermicompost can promote better dry matter content
(Betayan, 2009). Moreover, these results are in agreement with the report that upon
increasing the rate of the vermicompost, the tuber dry matter increases (Alam, 2005).
Interaction effect. The interaction effect between the entries and the rates of
vermicompost did not show any significance. The ranges of dry matter content of
potatoes indicate good processing type. A dry matter content of potato ranging from 20.3
to 22.3 % of dry matter content of potato is preferable for chip possessing (Mosley and
Chase, 1993).

Table 10. Dry matter content of three potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost (%)

TREATMENT
DRY MATTER CONTENT
Factor (A)

Gloria
21
PHIL 5.19.2.2
23
CIP 380241.17
21
Factor (B)

0 kg/5m2
18c
7 kg/5m2 21b
10 kg/5m2 23ab
13 kg/5m2 24a
A x B
ns
CV (%)
9.03
For each column, treatment means with different letter are significantly different at 5%
probability levels (DMRT)
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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30
Return on Cash Expense

Effect of the entry. The return on cash expense of the potato entries applied with
vermicompost is shown in Table 11. Entry Gloria obtained the highest ROCE of 238 %
followed by CIP 380241.17 while the lowest (67 %) was obtained from by PHIL
5.19.2.2. The high ROCE of the entries may be attributed to high yield.
Effect of the rates of vermicompost. The return on cash expense of the three
potato entries applied with the 7 kg/5m2 of vermicompost had the highest ROCE of 15
%, followed by 0 kg/5m2 with 12.5%. Potatoes applied with 10 kg/5m2 and 13 kg/5m2
resulted in a negative return of cash expense. The low return on cash expense may be
attributed to the high cost of vermicompost.

Table 11. Return on cash expense of three potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS WEIGHT
OF GROSS
COST OF
NET
ROCE
MARKETABLE
INCOME
PRODUCTION
PROFIT
(%)
TUBERS
(Php)
(Php)
(Php)
(kg/5m2)
Factor
(A)



Gloria 9.00
135.00
40.00
95.00
238.00
PHIL 5.19.2.2
4.00
67.00
40.00
27.00
68.00
CIP 380241.17
6.00
90.00
40.00
50.00
125.00
Factor ( B)



.00

0 kg/5m2 4.00
45.00
40.00

12.50
7 kg/5m2 6.00
111.00
96.00
15.00
15.00
10 kg/5m2 7.00
113.00
120.00
-7.00
-6.19
13 kg/5m2 9.00
122.00
145.00
-23.00
-18.85
Total cost of production includes planting materials, fertilizer and labor. The tubers were
sold at Php 15.00/kg in lump







Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

31
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS


Summary

The study was conducted at Longlong, La Trinidad, Benguet to identify the best
entry and rate of vermicompost on the growth and yield of potato; determine the
interaction effect between the potato entries and application of different rates of
vermicompost and to determine the economic benefit of growing potato applied with
different rates of vermicompost.
The different potato entries were all vigorous and resistant to leaf miner
infestation and late blight infection. PHIL 5.19.2.2 had the widest canopy cover at 45, 60
and 75 DAP. Likewise to tallest plant heights at 30 DAP. Results showed that application
of 13 kg/5m2 of vermicompost significantly increased the number of XL marketable
tubers, total yield per plot and percent dry matter accumulation.
In terms of the different rates of the vermicompost, plants applied with 13 kg/5m2
vermicompost had the highest plant survival, highly vigorous plants, tallest plants and
widest canopy cover. Furthermore, it significantly had the highest number and weight of
marketable tubers, computed yield, and highest tuber dry matter.
Significant interactions were obtained between the potato entries and application
of different rates of vermicompost. Results indicate that increasing the rates of
vermicompost 13 kg/5m2 results to high survival, most marketable medium, small and
marble-sized tubers of Gloria entry. Entry CIP 380241.17 and application of 13 kg/5m2
produced the tallest final height and least weight of non-marketable tubers. Application
of 13 kg/5m2 made PHIL 5.19.2.2 resulted in wide widest canopy cover at 45, 60 and 75
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

32
DAP and least number of non-marketable tubers. Vermicompost applied at 10 kg/5m2
obtained the least weight of non-marketable tubers.

Conclusions


Among the entries used in the study, Gloria had the highest survival rate, was
resistant to late blight and produced the most marketable tubers. It also significantly
produced the highest total and computed and highest ROCE (238%).
Among the rates of vermicopost, application of 13 kg/5m2 produced the plants
with the highest survival rate, high vigor and resistance to leaf miner and late blight.
Furthermore, the plants applied with 13 kg/5m2 produced the highest yield of marketable
tubers. However, the plants had the lowest ROCE (-18.85 %) due to the high cost of
vermicomost.
In terms of yield, producing Gloria applied with 13 kg/5m2 of vermicompost
might be the best combination to increase marketable yield. However, based on ROCE,
Gloria applied with 7 kg/5m2 might be the best combination for a positive ROCE.

Recommendations

Based on the results of the study, Gloria is recommended and profitable to grow
at Longlong, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Application of 7 kg/5m2 vermicompost is recommended for a high ROCE.
Applying 13 kg/5m2 vermicompost is also recommended for high yield and tuber dry
mater.




Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

33
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Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

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36

APPENDICES


Appendix Table 1. Plant survival of potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1





T1
65
55
70
190
63
T2 75
80
60
215
72
T3 90
85
85
98 87
T4 95
100
100
295
98
V2





T1
85
55
60
200
67
T2 55
65
75
195
65
T3 90
60
80
230
77
T4 90
85
90
265
88
V3





T1
65
55
60
180
60
T2 80
85
75
240
80
T3 85
90
90
265
88
T4 95
90
100
285
95
TOTAL 902
905
945


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM
Replication 2 176.16
89.58
1.27
0.001

Treatment
13
5.9758
445.83
6.31
0.3011






Factor A
2
316.6
25.69
2.24ns
0.1300

Factor B
3
4816.66
158.10
22.73** 0.0001

A x B
6
483.33
1605.55
1.14ns
0.3725

Error 22
1554.16
70


TOTAL 35
7350


** = Highly Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 10.7
ns = Not significant
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

37
Appendix Table 2. Plant vigor of potato entries applied with different rates of
vemicompost at 30 DAP

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1





T1
5
5
4
14
5
T2 5
4
5
14 5
T3 5
5
5
15 5
T4 5
5
5
15 5
V2





T1
4
5
5
14
5
T2 5
4
5
14 5
T3 5
5
4
14 5
T4 5
5
5
15 5
V3





T1
5
5
4
14
4
T2 5
4
4
13 5
T3 5
5
4
14 5
T4 5
5
5
15 5
TOTAL 59
57
55
171
5



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
0.667
0.333







Factor A
2
0.167
0.083
0.39ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
0.972
0.324
1.53ns
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
0.278
0.046
0.22ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
4.667
0.212







TOTAL
35
6.750
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 9.70

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

38
Appendix Table 3. Plant vigor at 45 DAP of potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1





T1
5
4
3
12
4
T2 4
5
5
14 5
T3 5
4
4
13 4
T4 5
5
5
15 5
V2





T1
3
4
5
12
4
T2 4
5
5
14 5
T3 4
4
5
13 4
T4 4
5
3
12 4
V3





T1
5
4
4
13
4
T2 5
4
3
12 4
T3 4
5
4
13 4
T4 5
5
4
14 5

TOTAL 53
54
50
157
4



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
0.722
0.361







Factor A
2
0.389
0.194
0.36ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
0.972
0.324
0.60ns
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
2.278
0.380
0.70ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
11.944
0.543







TOTAL
35
16.306
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 16.90

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

39
Appendix Table 4. Initial plant height of potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1





T1
3.79
3.70
3.93
11.42
3.81
T2 4.29
4.38
4.46
13.30
4.38
T3 4.31
4.89
4.93
14.13
4.71
T4 5.16
5.21
5.13
15.50
5.17
V2





T1
5.16
5.21
5.14
15.51
5.17
T2 4.89
4.73
5.02
14.64
4.88
T3 6.01
5.03
5.42
14.66
5.49
T4 5.68
6.31
5.35
17.52
5.84
V3





T1
6.27
4.23
4.23
14.73
4.91
T2 4.61
5.14
4.55
14.30
4.76
T3 4.34
4.51
5.30
14.15
4.72
T4 5.13
5.35
5.92
16.40
5.46
TOTAL
59.64 58.69 59.38 176.26 4.94



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
0.041
0.020







Factor A
2
3.993
1.997
8.58ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
4.054
1.351
5.81ns
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
1.319
0.220
0.94ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
5.118
0.233







TOTAL
35
14.526
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 9.77


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

40
Appendix Table 5. Final plant height of potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
60.08
62.10
72.12 194.3 64.77




T2
92.02
90.31
89.29 271.62 90.54




T3
94.51
91.92
88.18 274.61 91.54
T4 93.19
93.50
95.99
282.68
94.23
V2



T1
77.70
96.68
66.51 240.89 80.30
T2 94.26
96.45
97.58
288.29
96.10
T3 93.65
89.82
95.36 278.83 92.94
T4 102.52
94.84
94.39
291.75
97.25
V3



T1
80.82
81.90
88.27 250.99 83.66
T2 98.70
89.50
99.70
287.9
95.97
T3 98.79
97.02
96.62
292.43
97.48
T4 97.24
95.44
96.96
289.64
96.55
TOTAL 1083.48
1079.48
1080.97
3243.93 90.11

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
2.266
1.133







Factor A
2
412.128
206.064
6.32ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
2247.254
749.085
23.00*
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
263.791
43.965
1.35ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
716.502
32.568







TOTAL
35
3641.941
* = Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 6.33
ns = Not significant
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

41
Appendix Table 6. Reactions of three potato entries to leaf miner infestations at 30 DAP
applied with different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1





T1
5
5
4
14
5
T2 5
5
5
15 5
T3 5
5
5
15 5
T4 4
5
5
14 5
V2





T1
4
5
5
14
5
T2 5
4
5
14 5
T3 5
4
5
14 5
T4 5
5
4
14 5
V3





T1
5
4
4
13
4
T2 5
4
4
13 4
T3 5
5
4
14 5
T4 5
5
4
14 5
TOTAL 58 56 54 168 5


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
0.677
0.333







Factor A
2
0.677
0.333
1.22ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
0.222
0.074
0.27ns
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
0.444
0.074
0.27ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
6.000
0.273







TOTAL
35
8.000
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 11.19



Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

42
Appendix Table 7. Reactions of three potato entries to leaf miner infestations at 45 DAP
applied with different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
4
5
4 13 4
T2 5
5
4
14 5
T3 5
5
4
14 5
V2



T1
4
5
4 13 4
T2 5
5
4
14 5
T3 5
4
5
14 5
T4 5
4
4
13 4
V3



T1
5
3
4 12 4
T2 5
5
4
14 5
T3 4
5
4
13 4
T4 4
5
4
13 4
TOTAL 55 56 50 161 4



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
1.722
0.861







Factor A
2
0.399
0.194
0.56ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
0.972
0.324
0.94ns
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
0.278
0.046
0.13ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
7.611
0.346







TOTAL
35
10.972
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 13.15



Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

43
Appendix Table 8. Reactions of potato entries to leaf miner infestations at 60 DAP
applied with different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
5
4
3 12 4
T2 4
5
4
13 4
T3 5
4
4
13 4
T4 4
5
5
14 5
V2



T1
3
4
4 11 4
T2 3
4
4
11 4
T3 4
3
4
11 4
T4 4
5
4
13 4
V3



T1
5
3
4 12 4
T2 4
4
4
12 4
T3 4
3
4
11 4
T4 5
5
4
14 5
TOTAL 50 49 48 147 4


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
0.167
0.083







Factor A
2
1.500
0.750
1.67ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
2.750
0.917
2.05ns
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
0.500
0.083
0.19ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
9.833
0.447







TOTAL
35
14.750
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 16.37



Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

44
Appendix Table 9. Reactions of three potato entries to late blight infections at 30 DAP
applied with vermicompost

TREATMENTS REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I III III
V1





T1
1
2
2
4
2
T2 1
1
2 3 1
T3 1
2
1 3 1
T4 1
1
2 3 1
V2





T1
2
1
1
4
1
T2 1
1
2 4 1
T3 2
1
1 3 1
T4 1
1
1 3 1
V3





T1
3
2
3
8
3
T2 1
2
2 4 2
T3 1
2
1 3 1
T4 1
1
2 3 1
TOTAL 14 12 15 41 1


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr > F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
0.389
0.194
1.00
0.34840

Treatment
13
5.6
0.43
1.31
0.2801






Factor A
2
1.16
0.58
1.75ns
0.1971






Factor B
3
1.88
0.62
1.89ns
0.1610






A x B
6
1.94
0.32
0.97ns
0.4668






Error
22
7.33
0.33






TOTAL
35
13.0000
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 22.10


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

45
Appendix Table 10. Reactions of three potato entries to late blight infections at 45 DAP
applied with different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1





T1
1
2
2
5
2
T2 1
1 2 4 1
T 1
2 1 4 1
T4 1
1 2 4 1
V2











T1
2
2
1
4
1
T2 1
2 2 4 1
T3 1
1 2 4 1
T4 1
2 1 4 1
V3





T1
4
3
1
4
1
T2 2
2 2 4 1
T3 1
2 2 4 1
T4 1
1 2 4 1
TOTAL 15 21 21 49 1


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F
FREEDOM
Replication 2 0.88
0.194 1.26 0.3041

Treatment
13 8.52
0.65 1.86 0.0972


Factor A
2
2.38
1.19
3.38*
0.525

Factor B
3
3.19
1.06
3.01* 0.518

A x B
6
2.05
0.34
0.97*
0.4657

Error 22
7.7
0.35







TOTAL
35
16.30
*= significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 20.19

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

46
Appendix Table 11. Reactions of three potato entries to late blight infections at 60 DAP
applied with different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
2
3
3 8 3
T2 2
1
3 6 2
T3 2
3
1 7 2
T4 2
2
2 6 2
V2



T1
3
2
2 7 2
T2 2
2
2 7 2
T3 3
1
1 6 2
T4 2
2
1 6 3
V3



T1
3
5
2 12 4
T2 2
2
3 7 2
T3 2
3
1 6 2
T4 3
2
3 8 3
TOTAL 26 30 28



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM
Replication 2 0.16 0.
83 0.17 0.84

Treatment 13 10.25
0.78 1.65 0.14

Factor A
2
3.16
1.58
3.32*
0.0551

Factor B
3
4.08
1.36
2.85ns
0.0606

A x B
6
2.83
0.47
0.99 ns
0.45

Error 22
10.50
0.47



TOTAL 35
20.75


*= significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 26.90
ns = Not significant

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

47
Appendix Table 12. Canopy cover of three potato entries at 30 DAP applied with
different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
12
11
14 51 17
T2 15
18
17
50 17
T3 18
19
16
53 18
T4 20
19
18
57 19
V2





T1
14
21
14
49
16
T2 18
18
11
47 16
T3 12
15
20
47 16
T4 20
16
18
57 18
V3





T1
20
16
17
53
18
T2 18
14
13
45 14
T3 13
12
19
43 15
T4 12
15
20
47 16
TOTAL 192 194 197



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
1.05
0.52
0.06
0.94
Treatment 13 106.64
8.20 0.88 0.5824






Factor A
2
3.55
1.77
0.19 ns
0.5824






Factor B
3
23.63
7.87
0.85 ns
0.8276






A x B
6
78.44
13.07
1.40 ns
0.48






Error
22
204.94
9.31

0. 25
TOTAL 35
311.63

ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 18.4



Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

48
Appendix Table 13. Canopy cover of three potato entries at 45 DAP applied with
different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
35
28
30 93 31
T2 33
38
39
110
37
T3 46
35
32
100
33
T4 43
35
45
123
41
V2



T1
40
32
39 192 31
T2 33
45
41
119
40
T3 41
35
48
124
41
T4 49
38
42
129
43
V3



T1
38
30
28 96 32
T2 31
39
33
103
34
T3 40
32
39
111
37
T4 0
42
41
113
38
TOTAL 451 402 457



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
34.66
17.33
0.5125
Treatment 13 495.41
38.10 1.52 1.888






Factor A
2
182.0
91.00
6.62*
0.0438






Factor B
3
237.41
79.13
3. 15*
0.0455






A x B
6
41.33
6.88
0.27*
0.9432






Error
22
553.33
25.15






TOTAL
35
1048.750
*= Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 13.52


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

49
Appendix Table 14. Canopy cover of three potato entries at 60 DAP applied with
different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS

REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
11

111
________________________________________________________________________
V1
T1
39
41
35
115
38
T2
48
44
36
128
43
T3
53
61
51
165
55
T4
55
63
53
171
57
V2
T1
56
46
55
157
52
T2
60
55
75
190
63
T3
71
64
63
198
66
T4
72
76
83
231
77
V3
T1
53
58
55
166
55

T2
71
49
58
178
59
T3
65
76
45
186
62
T4
77
73
70
220
73
TOTAL 720
706
679

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
72.38
36.19
0.62
0.54







4196.69
322.82
5.52
0.002






Factor A
2
1909.05
954.52
16.33**
0.0001





Factor B
3
2043.19
681.064
11.65**
0.0001






A x B
6
172.055
28.67
0.49*
0.8084






Error
22
1286.27
58.46







TOTAL
35
5482.97
** = highly significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 13.07
*= significant

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

50
Appendix Table 15. Canopy cover of three potato entries at 75 DAP applied with
different rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS
REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN

1
11
111
V1
T1
33
35
22
90
30

T2
41
54
31
126
42

T3
38
43
40
121
40

T4
50
39
44
133
44
V2
T1
36
42
51
129
43

T2
39
53
59
146
49

T3
53
45
41
138
46

T4
64
54
38
156
52
V3
T1
28
45
37
110
37

T2
42
25
48
115
38
T3
48
38
33
119
40
T4
55
57
43
155
52
TOTAL
527

530

446

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
69.05
48.02
0.61
0.5547

Treatment 13
1514.27
116.48 1.47 0.2066






Factor A
2
490.05
245.02
3.09ns
0.065






Factor B
3
744.22
248.07
343*
0.0464





A x B
6
183.94
30.65
0.39ns
0.8797






Error
22
1745.27
79.33

TOTAL 35
3259.55



* = Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 20.76
ns = Not significant


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

51
Appendix Table 16. Number of marketable extra large tubers applied with different rates
of vermicompost

TREATMENTS REPLICATION

TOTAL MEAN
1
11
111
V1
T1
2
1
2
5
2
T2

2
2 2 6 2
T3

2
3 3 8 3
T4

2
3 4 9 3
V2
T1

1
1 1 3 1
T2

1
2 2 5 2
T3

3
2 2 7 3
T4

2
4 2 9 4
V3
T1

3
2 2 7 3
T2

5
2 1 8 3
T3

3
1 5 9 3
T4

2
4 7 13
4
TOTAL
29
17
33



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
0.055
0.027
0.09
0.9121

Treatment 13 7.69
0.59 1.97 0.0778

Factor A
2
0.055
0.027
0.09ns 0.9121

Factor B
3
6.797
2.32
7.73**
0.0001

A x B
6
0.61
0.101
1.13ns
0.9088

Error 22
12.30
0.300







TOTAL
35
107.030
**=Highly
significant
Coefficient of Variation (%) = 15.1
ns=not significant
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

52
Appendix Table 17. Number of marketable large tubers applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS REPLICATION

TOTAL MEAN
1
11
111
V1
T1
5 3 3 11
4
T2
3 4 5 12
4
T3
4 3 6 13
4
T4
2 5 3 15
5
V2
T1
1 1 2 5 2
T2
3 2 5 10
3
T3
4 5 3 12
4
T4
4 3 4 11
4
V3
T1
3 1 3 7 2
T2
3 3 3 9 3
T3
6 3 3 12
4
T4
7 4 2 13
5
TOTAL 43
37
39


ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F

FREEDOM




1.62
Replication
2
2.05
1.02
0.2203
Treatment 13 15.02
1.15 1.82 0.1035
Factor A
2
0.22
0.11
0.18ns 0.8404
Factor B
3
15.52
4.17
6.59**
0.0024
A x B
6
0.22
0.37
0.06ns
00.9990
Error 22
13.94
0.63

TOTAL 35 28.97


**=Highly
significant
Coefficient of Variation (%) = 16.8
ns=not significant
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

53
Appendix Table 18. Number of marketable medium tubers applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1 11
111
V1
T1
6 4 5 15
5
T2
9 7 5 21
7
T3
10
5
3
18
6
T4

8

12

9

29

10
V2
T1
2 4 3 9 3
T2
2 6 3 11
4
T3
6 8 8 22
7
T4
5 9 9 23
8
V3
T1
4 2 5 11
4
T2
4 5 6 15
5
T3
7 4 6 17
6
T4
7 90
3 19
6
TOTAL
70
75
65
40




ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
9.38
4.69
0.96
0.3995






Treatment
13
190.61
14.66
2.99
0.0115






Factor A
2
57.05
28.52
5.81*
0.0004






Factor B
3
104.11
34.703
7.07*
0.0017






A x B
6
20.05
3. 34
8.46**
0.0001






Error
22
107.94
4.90







TOTAL
35
298.55
**= Highly significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 8.45
* = Significant

Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

54
Appendix Table 19. Number of marketable small tubers per plot applied with different
rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS
REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
1
11 111
V1
T1
10
9 7 26
9
T2
6 8 9 22
7
T3
9 10
7 27
9

T4
13

11
10

34
11
V2
T1
6

5

8
18
6
T2
7 6 4 16
5
T3
3 7 3 13
4
T4
4 6 9 19
6
V3
T1
6 3 5 13
4
T2
5 5 2 12
4
T3
3 7 5 15

5
T4
7 3 6 14
5
TOTAL
77
80 75




ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
5.0555
2.5277
2.23
0.1313






Treatment
13
34.644
2.6688
2.35
0.0371

Factor A
2
10.055
5.0277
4.43*
0.0241






Factor B
3
0.1944
3.0648
2.70*
0.0012





A x B
6
10.3888
1.7314
1.53*
0.0021






Error
22
24.9444
1.1338







TOTAL
35
59.6388
* = Significant Coefficient of variation (%) =6.28
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

55
Appendix Table 20. Number of marketable marble sized tubers applied with different
rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
11
111
V1
T1
6 3 3 12
4
T2
5 6 4 14
5
T3
6 4 3 13
5
T4
7 4 6 16
5
V2
T1
4 3 2 9 3
T2
2 5 4 11
4
T3
4 5 2 11
4
T4
7 4 2 13
4
V3
T1
2 2 3 7 2
T2
4 2 1 7 2
T3
3 2 2 7 2
T4
4 3 3 11
4
TOTAL
46
30
35








ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
0.166
0.0833
0.02
0.9795






Treatment
13
48.2500
3.7115
0.92
0.5466






Factor A
2
22.166
11.0833
2.76*
0.0855






Factor B
3
20.3055
6.76851
1.68*
0.0018





A x B
6
5.611
0.9351
1.23*
0.0014






Error
22
88.500
4.0227






TOTAL
35
136.7500

* = Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 28.14
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

56
Appendix Table 21. Total number of marketable tubers applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
29
20
19 68 23
T2 25
27
25
77 26
T3 31
25
26
82 27
T4 32
35
34
101
34
V2



T1
14
14
16 44 15
T2 15
21
19
55 18
T3 20
27
18
65 22
T4 23
26
26
75 25
V3



T1
18
15
18 51 17
T2 21
17
13
51 17
T3 22
17
20
59 20
T4 25
23
15
63 21
TOTAL 257
267
224




ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE


SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUT
TABULATED F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
ED F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01
Replication
2
29.55555
14.7776
2
3.4
5.72
4

Treatment
13
933.6388
84.8762
8
2.26
3.18







Factor A
2
526.7222
263.3611 24
3.44ns
5.72

Factor B
3
354.9722
188.3240
11
3.05*
4.82
A x B
6
51.94444
8.65740
1
2.55ns 3.76
Error 22
237.7778
10.8080



TOTAL 35
1200.972


* = Highly Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 14.96
ns = Not significant
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

57
Appendix Table 22. Number of non- marketable tubers applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS

REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
1
11
111
V1
T1
9 9 10
28
9
T2
5 7 3 15
5
T3
9 10
18
27
9
T4
3 5 4 12
4
V2
T1
4 7 6 17
6
T2
2 5 4 11
4
T3
6 3 2 11
4
T4
4 2 7 13
4
V3
T1
8 10
8 26
9
T2
9 7 3 19
6
T3
8 4 7 19
6
T4
5 3 4 12
4
TOTAL 72
72
76
210
70



ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED
Pr>F
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES
SQUARE
F

FREEDOM






Replication
2
0.888
0.444
0.08
0.9227






Treatment
13
244.444
18.8034
3.42
0.0055






Factor A
2
67.555
33.7777
6.14**
0.0076






Factor B
3
91.5555
30.5185
5.54**
0.0055






A x B
6
84.4444
14.0740
2.56*
0.0495






Error
22
121.111
5.5050







TOTAL
35
365.5556
** = Highly Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 38.39
*= Significant
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

58
Appendix Table 23. Total weight of marketable tubers applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
1.50
1.90
1.30 5 2
T2
2.58 1.98 1.30 8
3
T3
3.50 2.92 3.83 10
3
T4
3.51 3.11 4.01 11
4
V2



T1
1.05
1.25
1.23 4 1
T2
1.20 1.09 1.30 4
1
T3
2.30 1.95 2.00 6
2
T4
1.80 1.00 1.50 4
1
V3



T1
1.90
1.29
1.50 4 1
T2
2.30 2.56 1.30 7.5
3
T3
1.68 0.90 2.50 6.3
1
T4
2.77 2.80 3.53 8
3
TOTAL 26.09
33
24




ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
2.738
1.369







Factor A
2
42.030
21.015
21.84*
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
34.237
11.412
11.86*
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
6.859
1.143
1.19*
5.14
10.92







Error
22
21.166
0.962







TOTAL
35
107.030
* = Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 14.25
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

59
Appendix Table 24. Weight of non-marketable tubers applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
0.500
0.700
0.900 2.100 0.700
T2 0.300
0.400
0.840
1.540
0.513
T3 1.000
0.400
0.980
2.380
0.793
T4 0.950
0.900
1.000
2.850
0.950
V2



T1
0.800
1.000
0.900 2.700 0.900
T2 0.800
0.800
1.100
2.700
0.900
T3 0.430
0.590
1.200
2.220
0.740
T4 0.900
1.300
0.900
3.100
1.033
V3



T1
0.450
0.630
1.000 2.080 0.693
T2 1.000
0.900
0.300
2.200
0.733
T3 0.150
1.000
0.520
1.670
0.557
T4 0.510
1.300
0.350
2.160
0.720
TOTAL 7.790
9.920
9.990
27.700
0.769




ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
0.261
0.130







Factor A
2
0.300
0.150
1.60ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
0.230
0.077
0.82ns
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
0.259
0.043
0.46ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
2.063
0.094







TOTAL
35
3.113
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 21.10


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

60
Appendix Table 25. Total yield per 5m2 of potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1T1 2
2.6
2.2
6
2.36
T2 2.8
2.38 2.14 9
3.18
T3 4.5
3.3
4.81
11
4.12
T4 4.4
4
5.01
13 4.6
V2
1.8 1.25 1.13
T1
3 2.06
T2 2.1
1.89
2.4 4 2.03
T3 2.7
2.54
3.2 6 2.74
T4 2.7
2.3
2.40
6 2.4
V3
2.35 1.92 2.30
T1
6.08 2.02
T2 3.3
2.46
2.8
7.2
3.23
T3 2.83
1.9
4.02
7.97
2.65
T4 3.28
4.1
2.88
10.16
3.33
TOTAL 24.32
26.50
29.00
56.94
32.12




ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
2.022
1.011







Factor A
2
39.928
19.964
15.23ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
37.728
12.576
9.59*
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
8.510
1.418
1.08ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
28.843
1.311







TOTAL
35
117.032
* = Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 14.95
ns = Not significant


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

61
Appendix Table 26. Computed yield (tons/ha) of potato entries applied with different
rates of vermicompost

TREATMENTS
REPLICATION
TOTAL
MEAN
I III III
V1



T1
14.8
15.0
14.4 44.2 14.73
T2 16.2
16.8
16.28
49.28
16.43
T3 21.0
19.2
21.16
61.36
20.45
T4
18.9 24.0 22.8 65.7 21.90
V2



T1
11.6
11.8
12.6 36 12.00
T2
10.0 11.6 12.8 34.4 11.47
T3 13.46
12.98
16.4
42.84
14.28
T4
17.4 21.0 14.2 52.6 17.53
V3



T1
15.7
9.66
12.6 37.96 12.64
T2
16.6 13.0 11.4 41 13.67
T3 13.3
15.8
10.64
39.74
13.25
T4
16.42 19.0 11.12 46.54 15.51


TOTAL 185.38
189.84 176.4 551.62 15.32




ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
9.111
4.556







Factor A
2
162.015
81.007
14.89ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
146.151
48.717
8.95ns
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
33.622
5.604
1.03ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
119.669
5.440







TOTAL
35
470.569
ns = Not significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 15.25


Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

62
Appendix Table 27. Dry matter content of potato entries applied with different rates of
vermicompost

TREATMENTS TOTAL MEAN
REPLICATION
I III III
V1



T1
18
18
20 56 19
T2 21
20
20
61 20
T3 25
21
21
67 22
T4 22
25
24
71 24
V2



T1
18
18
19 55 18
T2 24
25
22
71 24
T3 20
26
25
71 24
T4 24
25
26
75 25
V3
20
T1
18
17 55 18
T2 18
23
19
60 20
T3 23
22
23
68 23
T4 21
20
26
67 22
TOTAL 254
261
262
777
22





ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

SOURCE OF DEGREES
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
VARIATION
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
FREEDOM
0.05 0.01







Replication
2
3.167
1.583







Factor A
2
22.167
11.083
2.92ns
19.00 99.00







Factor B
3
143.639
47.880
12.62*
9.55
30.82







A x B
6
16.278
2.713
0.71ns
5.14
10.92







Error
22
83.500
3.795







TOTAL
35
268.750
* = Significant Coefficient of variation (%) = 11.26
ns = Not significant
Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La
Trinidad, Benguet Condition / Carmelita P. Lagawad. 2010

---

Document Outline

• Growth and Yield of Potato Entries Applied with Different Rates of Vermicompost in La Trinidad, Benguet Condition
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • ABSTRACT
  • TABLE OF CONTENTS
  • INTRODUCTION
  • REVIEW OF LITERATURE
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS
  • RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
  • SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • LITERATURE CITED
  • APPENDICES

---