BIBLIOGRAPHY ABELLERA, RONNIE C. APRIL 2012....
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ABELLERA, RONNIE C. APRIL 2012. Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed
with Pine Wood Strips During Seed Storage.Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Leoncia L. Tandang, Ph. D.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield of pole snap bean varieties
mixed with pine wood strips during seed storage; determine the best amount of pine wood strips
on germination, growth and yield of snap beans; determine the interaction effect of variety and
pine wood strips on germination, growth and yield of pole snap bean; and determine the ROCE
of growing pole snap bean mixed with pine wood strips during seed storage.
Mixing pine wood strips in a kilogram of pole snap bean seeds did not affect all the
parameters measured in this study except the percent emergence of pole snap bean. Mixing the
seeds with 12.5g of pine wood strips resulted in highest percent emergence and ROCE but
comparable to those unmixed seeds and those with 50g of pine wood strips. All varieties
evaluated did not differ in their growth and yield except for percent emergence, number of seeds
per pod and pod length and width. Maroon had the highest percent emergence together with
Stone Hill black and Black Valentine. Black Valentine and Stone Hill black had longer and
wider pods than Burik and Maroon. Growing all the varieties resulted in positive ROCE but
growing Stone Hill black mixed with 50 g of PWS per kg of seeds at storage recorded the highest
ROCE (34.77%).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera.2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………….. i
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………… i
Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………. ii
INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………….. 1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE……………………………………………………... 4
Importance of Seed Storage and Quality of
Seeds………………………………………………………………………. 4
Snap Bean Seed Storage Problem…………………………………………. 5
Varietal Evaluation………………………………………………………... 7
Importance of Pine Wood Strip …………………………………………... 8
MATERIALS AND METHODS…………………………………………………. 9
Laboratory Experiment …………………………………………………… 9
Field Experiment………………………………………………………….. 9
Data Gathered…………………………………………............................ 10
At Storage…………………………………………………………………. 10
Experimental Field………………………………………………………… 11
Analysis of Data…………………………………………………………… 14
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION….………………………………………………. 15
At Storage………………………………………………………………………….. 15
Weevil Infestation………………………………………………………….. 15
Final weight and weight lost of seeds…………….……...………………… 15
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
Experimental Field………………………………………………………………….. 15
Percent emergence …………………………………………………..……… 15
Number of days from sowing
to emergence, to flowering,
from emergence to pod setting, and
from flowering to pod setting…………………………...…………………… 17
Days from emergence to first
harvest and to last harvest……………...……………………………………. 18
Number of flower per cluster, pods
per cluster, and percent pod set...................................................................... 18
Number of seed per pod…….………………………………..……………… 20
Length and width of marketable
fresh pods ………………………..…………….......………………………… 21
Weight of marketable and non-
marketable fresh pods and
total yield per plot …………………………………………………………… 21
Reaction to pod borer infestation
and bean rust infection…....………………………………………………… 22
Return on Cash Expense……………………………………………………………. 24
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION……………………… 28
Summary……………………………………………………………………... 28
Conclusion..................................................................................................... 29
Recommendation………………………………………………………….... 30
LITERATURE CITED………………………………………………………...….... 31
APPENDICES.......................................................................................................... 33
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
1
INTRODUCTION
Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a tender annual, grown for its edible
immature pods. It grows either as bush or vine. The size and color of pod and seeds vary.
Pods can be 3or 4inches to 6-8 inches or more long. The colors are green, yellow, purple,
and speckled. Pods can be round or flat. Bush bean varieties are ready to harvest 45 to 60
day while pole beans are harvested 60 to 85 days. Bush beans grow to 2 to 3 feet tall and
mature earlier than pole bean that grows to 8 feet and requires support. Pole beans
produce more pods per plant than bush bean.
Pole snap bean is important food worldwide and a significant source of nutrients
because of its fiber, protein and vitamin contents. It is traditionally a basic food in many
developing countries and it serves as a major plant for rural and urban
areas(Dursun,2007).
Bean seeds easily loose their germination ability if stored under ordinary
conditions. In order to keep seeds for the next season, they must be stored properly. Close
and cold storage are commonly used in storing bean seed (FAO, 2007). However,
apparently, seeds at storage are easily infested with weevil. Bean weevil is a major stored
product pest because of the damage it causes to bean seeds. It becomes a pest in heated
granaries where it can breed continuously on dried seeds. They may consume nearly the
entire bean nutrient contents (Beyond Pest Control Inc., 2009).
Seed is the most important and basic input in agriculture. It protects and sustains
life. We must also consider the seed quality, which ensures desirable crop production.
Maintaining seed quality is maintaining the moisture content and temperature of stored
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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seed.In addition, seeds play a very important role in determining the fruit yield. It
requires the purity, percentage mixture and no weed seeds (Acad, 2009).
For generation, farmers struggled to improve the performance of their seeds, and
protect from pest and diseases. Apparently, bean seeds are easily infested by weevil even
after seed extraction. Benguet farmers use pine wood chips as seed treatment during seed
storage with the belief that it controls weevil infestation (Tandang, 2011).
High seed production depends upon the viability of high quality seeds. The
quality of seeds obtained from reliable sources could be beneficial by reducing seedling
rate and risk of pest and disease problems(Simsim and Balaoing, 2007).
Sowing healthy seeds of high quality is a major concern to improve crop yield
thus increasing food production. It has a great concern to farmers and seed producing
agencies where the diseases is high and the average yields are low and where more food
is needed to feed the ever-increasing population. So, it is important to test the seeds for
disease causing organism before they are sown in the field and to avoid harmful
organisms traveling from infected to non-infected areas within a country or across
internationalboundaries.
The study was undertakento:
1. evaluate the growth and yield of pole snap bean varieties mixedwith pine
wood stripsduring seed storage;
2. determine the best amount of pine wood strips on germination, growth and
yield of snap bean;
3. determine the interaction effect of variety and pine wood strips on
germination, growth and yield of pole snap bean; and
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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4. determine the return on cash expense (ROCE) of pole snap beanmixedwith
pine wood strips.
The storage study wasdone from June 2011 to November 2011 andthe field
experiment was on November 2011 to February 2012at IPB-BSU Highland Crops
Research Station in Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Importance of Seed Storage
and Quality of Seeds
Seed treatment is the oldest practice in plant protection. In 1992, the modern
introduce organo-mercury fungicide for seed treatments are widely used for several
decades(Nergaad, 1997). Today, the most widely used application of seed treatment is a
traditional way of protecting the germinating seedling against pest and disease (Catnas,
2009).
Seed vigor is a measure of the quality of seed. It involves seed viability, the
germination percentage, germination rate and the strength of seedlings produced
(Wikipedia). Good quality bean seed should be pure and clean, that is, all seed should be
of the same variety and then same size. It should not include any dirt, stones, broken
seed, shriveled seed, moldy seed, rotten seed, andinsect damaged seed (David, 2007).
Barton (1996) found that the seeds of high initial viability are more resistant to
unfavorable storage environment condition than low viable seed. Once seed start to
deteriorate it proceeds rapidly. Seeds which were injured mechanically suffered a lot and
lose its viability and vigor very quickly.
Storing seeds in a cool dry environment keeps them viable for longer period.
Seeds have a tendency to absorb moisture during storage. To maintain dryness, the
storage containers could be filled to a quarter capacities with dry wood, ash or dry
charcoal. Viability and quality of seeds will be protected from insects and pests (FAO,
2007).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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Cooler temperature will extend seed life, as long as the seeds are protected from
all moisture, seeds to be saved for many years should be sealed from any air circulation,
because of the moisture it carries (Farmerik, 2007).
Using salt water treatment is found to be effective in separating healthy seeds
from unhealthy ones. This is effective in paddy seeds (Kaufman, 2000).
Snap Bean Seed Storage Problem
Snap bean is one of the most important vegetable. Since it is an important
vegetable crop, production should be amplified using good quality seeds for planting.
Proper storage of seed are sometimes also neglected that result to poor growth and low
yield. In this regards, it is important to know the nature of the seeds before planting
(Simsim and Balaoing, 2007).
In 2004, the number of farmer engaged in growing snap bean decreased from
9,903 to 5,088 in 2009. These farmers were observed to mainly defend on traditional
cultivars due to lack of improved varieties of snap bean. Alno and Burik, are commonly
grown traditional varieties, which are susceptible to pest and diseases. They were also
low yielding varieties (Tandang, 2007).
Acad (2009) stated many problems were encountered in bean production. Insect
pests and diseaseoccur in seed storage and bean growing areas.Bruchids, or bean weevil
are major pest of dry bean around the world. Two bruchids species (Zobrotessubfasciatus
and Acanthoscelidesobtectus) are found in East. Z. subfesciatus prefer lower elevations
and warmer temperatures, while A.obtectus is found in higher latitude environments with
cooler temperature (Ampofo, 1992).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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The female bean weevil deposits her eggs on bean pods in the field or on whole
beans in storage. Each female lays up to 60 eggs in her lifetime and numerous whitish
eggs can be seen on a single bean. Bean weevils are internal feeders so the tiny, grub-like
larvae bore their way into the bean. Several larvae may feed inside each bean and a
considerable portion of the bean’s interior is consumed. It is the larvae that do the
damage. Adults do not feed. Upon maturity, the larvae pupate near the surface of the bean
and then emerge from the bean, leaving numerous holes in the bean. The entire life cycle
can last from 21 days or as long as 80 days. Populations of bean weevils develop quickly
in stored beans where suddenly hundreds or thousands of weevils are seen crawling or
flying in infested rooms. The first indication of an infestation is often the presence of
numerous flying weevils. A bag, box or storage bin of beans may be so infested that
weevils are forced to leave the container in search of fresh beans on which to lay their
eggs. Bean weevils “play dead” when disturbed and may take up to five minutes to
resume movement (Beyond Pest Control Inc., 2009).
Beans are normally harvested when the pods are black and stems have shriveled.
Because water loss is slow forming the thick fleshy pods and large seeds, a prolonged
period of ripening and drying may be required before combining, particularly in cool
climates. If the crop is harvested too soon, the beans in the topmost pods will be
immatured. They will also be higher in moisture content than in those lower pods.
Because of problems associated with prolonged ripening, late harvesting, frost damage,
and prolonged drying, fababeans are frequently binned in a nonuniform state and
consequently they need to be carefully monitored during storage(Demand Media, Inc.,
2011).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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Mechanical handling damage is a problem which becomes more severe at low
temperature and moisture levels. To reduce damage, use belt conveyors or front- end
loaders rather than augers to handle beans wherever possible. Avoid roping beans from
excessive heights, particularly onto concrete floors (Canadian Grain Commission, 2001).
Varietal Evaluation
In 2007, Mulchino found that the six varieties of pole snap bean grown
underKabayan, Benguet condition differed in their yielding potential. Violeta and Blue
Lake performed significantly better than other varieties in pod cluster/plant, pod/plant
and number and weight of marketable pods.
12 varieties of pole snap bean was evaluated by Tandang and her team under
highlands condition in 2007. Violeta significantly recorded highest computed yield/ha
followed by Burik and N2643 (Tandanget al, 2007).
In 2005, Cayso stated that among the varieties she evaluated, they did not show
differences on percent survival, days to flowering, number of flower per cluster and
percent pod set. B-21, Stonehill, Taichung, and Violeta were observed to have mild
resistance to pod and bean rust. Bluelake, Maccarao and B-21, exhibited higher yield
potential.
Calya-en (2009),stated that among the ten varieties of pole snap bean she
evaluated in Mankayan, Benguet in 2009, CPV 69 was the earliest to flower in 40 DAS;
While BVC-8521 recorded the shortest flowering duration in 21 days. B-21, CPV 60,
CPV 69 and Bluelake were the earliest varieties to be harvested in 75 DAS. Pole snap
bean produced four to five flowers per cluster. Magbunga, Bluelake, and Taichung had
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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highest pod cluster par plant while Hav 71 had the highest percentage of pod setting.
Magbunga had the longest pod and Bluelake had the narrowest pod.
Importance of Pine Wood Chip
Pinewood is an excellent construction material. In the mining areas of Benguet,
pine is used as mine shafts and tunnels. It is also used as piles, posts, Christmas trees, and
as raw material for pulp and paper manufacturing. Wood from pine trees is a good fuel
source both for cooking and heating purposes. Pine bark is a potential source of tannin for
the country’s leather industry, and sawmills wastes like Pine sawdust are source of tan
and pitch. Oleoresin from pine trees generates income for many inhabitants in the pine
region. Upon distillation, oleoresin yields turpentine and residue called resin. Resin is a
hydrocarbonsecretion. Turpentine is used as a solvent and thinner in paints (Balague,
1990).
The properties of pine are antimicrobial, antineuralgic, antirheumatic, antiseptic,
antiviral, bactericidal, balsamic, cholagogue, deodorant, diuretic, expectorant,
hypertensive, insecticidal, restorative, rubefacient, adrenal cortex stimulant as well as
stimulant to the circulation and nervous system(Esoteric Oils CC and Sallamander
Concepts (Pty) Ltd, 2011).
Pine woodstrips locally known as “Saleng” is traditionally used as a seed
treatment in many provinces of Cordillera for next season planting materials.
Pinuskesiya, is one of the most distributed pines in Asia. Its range extends south and east
from the Khasi hills in the Northeast Indian state of Meghalaya from where it got its
name to northern Thailand, Burma, Laos, Southern China, Vietnam and the Philippines
(Wikipedia, 2008).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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MATERIALS AND METHODS
A. Laboratory Experiment
Seeds of four varieties of pole snap bean harvested last April 2011, weighing
1500 grams each and a trunk of more than 50 years old pine treeobtained from Wangal,
La Trinidad, Benguet was chopped into small pieces were used in the storage study. The
seedswere divided into twelve sets weighing 125 grams each. The seedswere mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips(PWS) during storagesuch as 12.5g/kg of seeds,
25g/kg of seeds, 50g/kg of seeds and without any treatment. The experiment was set-up
following the 4 x 4 factor factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replications. This was done at IPB-BSU Highland Crop Research Station, for a
period of six months from May 2011 to October 2011.
B. Field Experiment
A total area of 240m2was prepared for the experiment. This was divided into three
blocks, consisting of 16 plots each with a dimension of 1m x 5m. Two seeds were sown
per hill at a distance of 25cm between hills and between rows. The experiment was laid
out using 4 x 4 factor factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replications. The seed mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips during
storage wasconsidered as factor A and the four varieties of pole snap bean were
considered as factor Bas follows:
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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FACTOR A –AMOUNT OF PINE WOOD STRIPS
Code
Amount
of
PWS
(g/kg
of
seeds)
S1
O (Control)
S2
12.5
S3
25.0
S4
50.0
FACTOR B – VARIETY
Code
Variety
V1
Black
Valentine
V2
Stone
Hill
Block
V3
Burik
V4
Maroon
Data Gathered
A. At Storage
1. Weevil infestation during storage. This was observed every two weeksafter
storing the seeds using the following scale:
Scale
PercentInfestation
Description
1
No infestation
Highly resistant
2
1-25% infestation/plot
Moderately resistant
3
26-50% infestation/plot
Resistant
4
51 - 75% infestation/plot
Susceptible
5
76-100% infestation/plot
Very susceptible
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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2. Final weight of stored seeds. This was monitored using the digital weighing scale
every two weeks after seed storage.
3. Weight loss. This was monitored by weighing the seeds using the digital weighing
scale every two weeks throughout the duration of seed storage under ordinary room
condition.
Experimental Field
1. Percent of emergence. This was obtained by using the following formula:
Number of Seeds Germinated
%emergence = × 100%
Number of Seeds Sown
2. Days from sowing to emergence. This was recorded by counting the days
fromsowing to the time when at least 50% of the plant emerged.
3. Days from emergence to flowering. This was recorded by counting the
number of days from emergence to the day whenat least 50% of the plants have fully
opened flowers.
4. Days from flowering to pod setting. This was recorded by counting the
number of days starting from flowering to the day when pod set.
5. Days from emergence to pod setting.This was recorded by counting the
number of days starting from emergence to the day when pod set.
6. Days from emergence to first harvesting. This was recorded by counting the
number of days from emergence to first harvesting
7. Days from emergence to last harvesting. This was recorded by counting the
number of days from emergence to last harvesting.
8. Number of flowers per cluster. The number of flowers per cluster was counted
from ten samples per plot during peak of flowering stage.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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9. Number of pods per cluster. The number of pod per cluster was counted from
ten random sample plants per plot.
10. Percentage pod set per cluster. This was computed using the data gathered in
Nos.8 and 9 using the following formula:
Total No. of Pods per Cluster
% Pod Setting per cluster = × 100 %
Total No. of Flower per Cluster
11. Number of seeds per pod. The number of seeds per pod was countedfrom ten
sample pods per plot.
12. Length of marketable pods (cm). Ten samplepods werepicked at random
from each plot and their lengthwere measured from pedicel end to blossom end using the
foot rule.
13. Width of marketable pods (cm). This was measured from ten random sample
pods per plot using the vernier caliper.
14. Weight of marketable pods (kg). The marketable pods were harvested and
weight every harvesting period. Marketable pods were pods that are free from damage
caused by insect pest and diseases and not deformed.
15. Weight of non-marketable pods (kg). The non-marketable pods werethose
affected by insect pest and diseases, and deformed pods. They were weight every
harvesting period.
16. Total yield per plot (kg). This was the total weight of all harvested fresh pods
per plot.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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17. Reaction to pod borer. This was taken by assessing the degree of infestation
by pod borer using the following scale used at BSU-IPB Highland Crop Research Station,
by Tandang, et al. in 2008:
Scale
PercentInfestation Description
1
No infestation
Highly resistant
2
1-25% infestation/plot
Moderately resistant
3
26-50% infestation/plot
Resistant
4
51 - 75% infestation/plot
Susceptible
5
76-100% infestation/plot
Very susceptible
18. Reaction to bean rust. This was taken by assessing the degree of infection
causedby bean rust that infested the crop using the following scale used at BSU-IPB,
Highland Crop Research Station by Tandang, et al. in 2008.
Scale
Percent Infection
Description
1
No infection
High resistance
2
1-25% infection/plot
Moderate resistance
3
26-50% infection/plot
Mild resistance
4
51 - 75% infection/plot
Susceptible
5
76-100% infection/plot
Very susceptible
19. Return on Cash Expenses. This was computed using the following formula:
Gross sales- Total Expenses
ROCE= × 100%
Total Expenses
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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Analysis of Data
All quantitative datawerestatistically analyzed using analysis of variance
(ANOVA) for 4 x4 factor factorial inRandomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replications. The significance of differences among the treatment means were tested
using F test and the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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RESULTSAND DISCUSSION
A. At Storage
Weevil Infestation
All seeds of four varieties of pole snap bean mixed with different amountsof pine
wood strips during seed storage were highly resistant to weevil infestation throughout
five months of storage after harvest in a biscuit tin can at ordinary room
condition(Appendix Table 1).
Final Weight and Weight Lossof Seeds
No significant differences were noted in the final weight and weight lossof stored
seeds of different varieties of pole snap bean mixed with different amounts ofpine wood
strips (PWS)after five months of storage in a biscuit tin can under ordinary room
condition (Table 1). All four varieties of pole snap beans mixed with different amounts of
PWShad statistically similarfinal weight and weight lossafter five months of storage.
Probably seeds were properly dried that after five months of storage, they were not yet
infested with weevil.
No significant interaction effect of variety and PWS on the weight and weight
loss of stored seeds of pole snap beans were observed (Table 1).
B. Experimental Field
Percent Emergence
Significant differences were noted on the percent emergence of pole snap bean
mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips during seeds storage. Pole snap beans
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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Table 1. Final weight and weight loss of seeds of four varieties of pole snap bean mixed
with differentamountsof pine wood strips (PWS) after five months of storage
TREATMENT
WEIGHT OF STORED
WEIGHT LOSS OF
SEEDS (g)
STORED SEEDS (g)
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
123.77
1.24
12.5 123.72
1.40
25.0 123.58
1.35
50.0 123.57
1.34
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
123.73
1.01
Stone Hill black
123.61
1.46
Burik 123.61
1.46
Maroon 123.67
1.40
A x B
ns
ns
CV(%) 0.57
20.33
mixedwith 12.5g of pine wood strips had the highest percent emergence but comparable
to those of 50g of pine wood strips and no pine wood strips (Table 2). Seed mixed with
25g of pine wood strips had the lowest percent of emergence.
Maroon had the highest percent emergence but comparable to those of Stone Hill
black and Black Valentine which had statistically similar percent emergence with Burik.
The differences observed could be due to varietal characteristics.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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Table 2. Percent emergence of four varieties of pole snap beans mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
TREATMENT EMERGENCE
(%)
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
93.25a
12.5 94.08a
25.0 89.41b
50.0 93.16a
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
92.08ab
Stone Hill black
93.66a
Burik 89.66b
Maroon
94.58a
A x B
ns
CV %
4.04
*Means of the same letter not significantlydifferent from each other at 5% level of
significance using DMRT.
No significant interaction effect of variety and the pine wood strips were noted on
the percent emergence of pole snap beans (Table 2).
Number of Days from Sowing to Emergence,
to Flowering, from Emergence to Pod Setting,
and from Flowering to Pod Setting
The seeds of four pole snap bean varieties that were mixed with different amounts
of PWS emerged within six days after sowing. They all took 42-43 days from emergence
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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to flowering, 48 days to set pod and five to six days from flowering to set pod (Appendix
Table 5-7).
The number of days from sowing to emergence, from emergence to flowering,
from emergence to pod setting, and from flowering to pod setting were similar in
different varieties (Appendix Table 5-7). All the varieties emerged within six days after
sowing. Stone Hill black, Burik and Maroon flowered 42 days after emergence while
Black Valentine flowered one day later. Similar observation was noted on the days from
emergence to pod setting. Stone Hill black, Burik and Maroon produced pods within 47
days after sowing while Black Valentine produced pods two days later. The same result
was observed on the flowering to pod setting. Stone Hill black, Burik and Maroon
produced pods 5 days after flowering while Black valentine produced pods one day later.
Differences might be due to varietal characteristics of the pole snap bean varieties.
Days from Emergence to FirstHarvest
andfrom Emergence to LastHarvest
All the varieties of pole snap bean and the seeds treated with different amount of
BPWC during storage were first harvested at 56 DAE and last harvesting of pole snap
bean was done at 78 DAE.
Number of Flower per Cluster, Pods
per Cluster, and Percent Pod Set
No significant differences were noted on the number of flowers, pods per cluster
and percent pod set of the different varieties of pole snap bean mixed with pine wood
strips during seed storage. There were eight flowers per cluster, six pods per cluster and
71% pod setting (Table 3).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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The number of flower per cluster, pod per cluster, and percent pod set of different
varieties of pole snap beans testedwere not significantly different (Table 3). There were
eight flowers per cluster, six pods per cluster and 71% pod setting in the four varieties of
pole snap bean.
There was no interaction effect of variety and pine wood strips observed on the
number of flower per cluster, pod per cluster and percent pod set of pole snap bean
(Table 3).
Table 3.Number of flower per cluster, pods per cluster, and percent pod set of four
varieties of pole snap bean mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips
(PWS)during storage
NUMBER OF:
TREATMENT FLOWER
PER
POD PER
PERCENT POD
CLUSTER
CLUSTER
SET (%)
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
8
6
71
12.5 8
6
71
25.0 8
6
71
50.0 8
6
71
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
8
6
71
Stone Hill black
8
6
71
Burik 8
6
71
Maroon 8
6
71
A x B
ns
ns
ns
CV %
1.75
2.94
1.92
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
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Number of Seeds per Pod
No significant differences were noted on the number of seeds per pod of the four
varieties of pole snap bean seeds mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (Table
4). There were eight seeds per pod that developed regardless of the amount of pine wood
strips.
Stone Hill black and Black Valentine had statistically high number of seeds per
pod (9) than Burik and Maroon. The differences might due to varietal characteristics.
Table 4.Number of seeds per podof four varieties of pole snap bean mixed
withdifferentamountsof pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
TREATMENT
NUMBER OF SEED PER POD
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
8
12.5
8
25.0
8
50.0
8
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
9a
Stone Hill black
9a
Burik 8b
Maroon
8b
A x B
ns
CV %
4.22
*Means of the same letter not significantlydifferent from each other at 5% level of
significance using DMRT.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
21
No significant interaction between the variety and pine wood strips was noted on
the number of seeds per pod of pole snap bean (Table 4).
Length and Width of Marketable Fresh Pods
No significant differences on the pod length and width of four varieties of pole
snap bean produced from seeds mixed with different amounts ofpine wood strips. The
length ranged from 17.99 to 18.23cm and the width ranged from 0.76 to 0.77cm (Table
5).
Stone Hill black and Black Valentine significantly had the longer pod than those
of Burik and Maroon (Table 5). Similar observation was noted in pod width. Stone Hill
black and Black Valentine had significantly wider pod than those of Burik and Maroon
(Table 5). The difference observed could be due to varietal characteristic.
No significant interaction effect of variety and pine wood strips on pod length and
width of marketable fresh pods of pole snap bean was noted (Table 5).
Weight of Marketable and Non-marketable
Fresh Pods and Total Yield per Plot
No significant differences were noted on the weight of marketable, non-
marketable and total yield of fresh pod per plot of the different varieties of pole snap
beans mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips during seeds storage. Treatment
of PWS did not significantly increase the yield of pole snap bean varieties.
No significant differences were also noted on the weight of the marketable, non-
marketable and the total yield of fresh pods per plot among different varieties of pole
snap beans evaluated (Table 6). All snap bean varieties studied produced around 9 kg
fresh pods/5m2 plots.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
22
Table 5.Length and width of marketable fresh podsof four varieties of pole snap bean
mixed with different amountsof pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
MARKETABLE FRESH POD
TREATMENT
LENGTH (cm)
WIDTH (cm)
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
18.23
0.77
12.5 18.07
0.77
25.0 18.21
0.76
50.0 17.99
0.77
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
19.45a
0.79a
Stone Hill black
19.89a
0.79a
Burik 17.00b
0.75b
Maroon 16.15b
0.73b
AxB ns
ns
CV% 2.87
2.03
No significant interaction effect of variety and pine wood strips was noted on the
weight of marketable, non-marketable and the total yield per plot of pole snap beans
(Table 6).
Reaction to Pod BorerInfestation
and Bean Rust Infection
No significant differences were noted on the reaction to pod borer and bean rust
of pole snap bean mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (Table 7).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
23
Similarly,all PWS treatments resulted in moderate resistance to pod borer and bean rust
in pole snap bean (Table 7).
Highly significant differences on the reaction to pod borer were noted among the
four varieties of pole snap bean (Table 7). Stone Hill and Maroonwere observed to be
moderately resistant to pod borer while Black Valentine and Burik were mildly resistant.
All the varieties of pole snap bean evaluated exhibited was moderate resistance to bean
rust.
Table 6.Weight of marketable and non-marketable fresh pods and total yield per plot
(kg/m2) of four varieties of pole snap bean mixed with different amounts of pine
wood strips (PWS) during storage
FRESH POD YIELD (kg/5m2)
TREATMENT
MARKETABLE NON-
TOTAL
MARKETABLE
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
9.00
0.37
9.37
12.5 9.14
0.40
9.54
25.0 8.29
0.36
8.65
50.0 9.11
0.37
9.48
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
8.54
0.36
8.90
Stone Hill black
9.27
0.40
9.67
Burik 8.86
0.35
9.21
Maroon
8.87 0.39 9.26
A x B
ns
ns
ns
CV %
14.24
28.08
13.84
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
24
No significant interaction effect of the variety and pine wood strips was noted on
the reaction of pole snap bean to pod borer and bean rust (Table 7).
Return on Cash Expense
Seeds mixed with 12.5g pine wood strips and withoutPWS recorded the highest
ROCE. It was followed by those mixed with 50g of PWS. Seeds mixed with 3.12g of
PWS had the lowest ROCE (Table 8).
The return on cash expenses of four pole snap bean varieties is also shown in
Table 8. Stone Hill black registered the highest ROCE (30.10%) followed by Maroon
(24.49%) and Burik (24.21%). The lowest ROCE was obtained in producing Black
Valentine (19.86%). These results indicated the feasibility of growing four varieties of
pole snap bean mixed with different amounts of PWS during seed storage. All treatment
combination appeared to be profitable but mixing 12.5g of pine wood strips per kg of
pole snap bean resulted in highest ROCE because it produced high marketable fresh pods.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
25
Table 7.Reaction to pod borer infestation and bean rust infectionof four varieties of pole
snap bean mixed with different amountsof pine wood strips (PWS) during
storage
TREATMENT POD
BORER
BEAN
RUST
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
Moderately resistant Moderate
resistance
12.5 Moderately
resistant
Moderate
resistance
25.0 Moderately
resistant
Moderate
resistance
50.0 Moderately
resistant
Moderate
resistance
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
Moderately resisant Moderate
resistance
Stone Hill black
Mildly resistant
Moderate resistance
Burik Mildly
resistant
Moderate
resistance
Maroon Moderately
resisant Moderate
resistance
A x B
ns
CV %
8.43
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
26
Table 8.Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) of pole snap bean varieties mixed with
different amount of pine wood strips (PWS)during storage
TREATMENT YIELD
VARIABLE
GROSS
NET
ROCE (%)
(kg/5m2)
COST
INCOME
INCOME
PWS (g/kg of
seeds)
0 (Control)
9.00
178.12
225.00
46.88
26.31
12.5 9.13
180.12
228.25
48.13
26.72
25.0 8.28
182.12
207.00
24.88
13.66
50.0 9.11
185.12
227.75
42.63
23.02
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
8.54
178.12
213.50
35.38
19.86
Stone Hill black
9.27
178.12
231.75
53.63
30.10
Burik 8.85
178.12
221.25
43.13
24.21
Maroon 8.87
178.12
221.75
43,63
24.49
*Variable cost includes seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, gasoline and labor
*Sales was based on average of 25 pesos per kilo
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
27
Table 9. Return on Cash Expenses(ROCE) of pole snap bean varieties mixed with
different amountsofpine wood strips(PWS) of during storage
TREATMENT YIELD VARIABLE
GROSS
NET
ROCE (%)
(kg/5m2)
COST
INCOME
INCOME
S1V1
9.45
178.12
236.25
58.13
32.63
V2
9.11 178.12 227.75 49.63 27.86
V3
6.61 178.12 215.25 37.13 20.84
V4
8.85 178.12 221.25 43.13 24.21
Mean
20.13
S2V1 8.85
180.12
221.25
41.13
22.83
V2 9.21
180.12
230.25
50.13
27.83
V3 9.23
180.12
230.75
50.63
28.10
V4
9.26 180.12 231.50 51.38 28.52
Mean
26.82
S3V1 7.36
182.12
184.00
1.88
1.03
V2 8.80
182.12
220.00
37.88
20.79
V3 8.81
182.12
220.25
38.13
20.93
V4
8.18 182.12 204.50 22.38 12.28
Mean
13.75
S4V1 8.50
185.12
212.50
27.38
14.79
V2 9.98
185.12
249.50
64.38
34.77
V3 8.78
185.12
219.50
34.38
18.57
V4
9.20 185.12 230.50 45.38 24.51
Mean
23.16
*Variable cost includes seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, gasoline and labor
*Sales was based on average of 25 pesos per kilo
Legend:
V1- Black valentine V3- BurikS1- 0 (Control) S3–25g
V2- Stone hill black V4- Maroon S2 – 12.5gS4 – 50g
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
28
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The pole snap bean seedsmixed with different amounts of pine wood strips were
apparentlyrated highly resistant to weevil infestation throughout five months of storage
after harvest. No significant differences were noted in the final weight and weight loss of
stored seeds of pole snap bean.
Mixing pine wood strips in a kg of pole snap bean seeds did not significantly
affectall the parameters measured except on the percent emergence. Pole snap beans
mixed with 12.5g of pine wood strips per kg of seeds had the highest percent emergence
but comparable to those of the control and 50gpine wood strips. Seed mixed with 25g of
pine wood strips had the lowest percent of emergence.The seeds of four pole snap bean
varieties that were mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips emerged within six
days after sowing. They all took 42 days to flower after emergence, 48 days to set pod
and five days from flowering to set pod. First harvesting of all the varieties studied was
done at 56 DAE and the last harvesting was also done on the same day, at 78 DAE.
The four varieties emerged at 6 DAE. Maroon andStone Hill black had
significantly higher percentemergence than Burik which was comparable with those of
Black Valentine. Stone Hill black, Burik and Maroon flowered in 42 DAE and set pods at
47 DAE. First harvesting of the four varieties of pole snap bean was done at 56 DAE
while last harvesting was done at the same time, at 78 DAE.The four varieties of pole
snap beans studied did not significantly differ in other characters measured except on the
number of seeds per pod and pod length and width. Black Valentine and Stone Hill black
had significantly higher seeds per pod (9) than Burik and Maroon which had eight seeds
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
29
per pod. They also had longer and wider pods than Burik and Maroon. Stone Hill black
and Maroon showed moderate resistance to pod borer whileBlack Valentine and Burik
exhibited mild resistance to pod borer. All varieties showed moderate resistance to bean
rust. Stone Hill black recorded the highest return in cash expenses (ROCE).
No significant interaction effect of varieties of pole snap bean and the different
amounts of pine wood strips used during seeds storagewas observed in all the parameters
measured. However, mixingStone Hill black with 50g pine wood stripsper kg of pole
snap bean resultedin highest ROCE (34.74%) although all treatment combinations
resulted in positive ROCE.
Conclusion
In this study, mixing pine wood strips to a kg of pole snap beandidnot affect the
growth and yield of pole snap bean except its percent emergence. Even without mixing
PWS on the pole snap bean seeds at five months of storage, comparable emergence of
seeds with 12.5g and 50g of PWS per kg of seeds resulted. Using 12.5g of PWS per kg of
pole snap bean seeds gave higher ROCE than other treatments.
The four varieties of pole snap beans evaluated differed in terms of percent
emergence, number of seeds per pod and pod length and width. Maroon and Stone Hill
black had significantly higher emergence than Burik and was comparable to Black
Valentine. Black Valentine and Stone Hill black had significantly higher number of seeds
per pod and longer and wider pods than Burik and Maroon. All the varieties gave positive
returns. Stone Hill black production resulted in highest ROCE (30.10%)
The PWS and variety of pole snap bean did not have a significant interaction
effect on germination, growth and yield of pole snap bean. However, positive ROCE
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
30
were recorded in all treatment combinations. Among them, Stone Hill black seeds stored
with 50g of PWS per kg of pole snap bean seed resulted in the highest ROCE (34.77%).
Recommendation
Based on the result of the study, it is recommended that a similar study with
longer duration of seed storage in more than five months be conducted in the future to
observe the effect of PWS in controlling weevil infestation in pole snap bean seeds
considering the amount of moisture loss in the seeds during storage. Although no
significant effect of PWS were observed in this study, mixing of 12.5g of PWS/kg of pole
snap bean seed would give higher ROCE. Any of the four varieties of pole snap bean
tested could be planted by the farmers in La Trinidad, Benguet but growing Stone Hill
black mixed with 50g of PWS per kg of seed would give the highest ROCE.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
31
LITERATURE CITED
ACAD, J. 2009. Moisture Content and Germination of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris
l.UnderDifferent Storage Condition.Retrieved June 30, 2011 from
http://www.idosi.org/ajps/2%284%2909%/4.pdf.
AMPOFO, J.K. 1992. Insect Pests of Bean.Retrieved June 30, 2011 from
http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.en.41.010196.000401?j
ournalCode=ento.
BALAGUE, T. B. 1990. Philippine Forest Resources.Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://www.nscb.gov.ph/peenra/Publications/Asset/forest.pdf.
BARTON, R. 1996. Initial Seeds Quality.Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://www.Agritech.tnau.ac.in/seed_certification/seed%20storage_storage%20f
actors.html.
BEYOND PEST CONTROL INC. 2009.Bean weevil.Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://www.nypestpro.com/bean weevul.html.
CALYA-EN, S. M. 2009. On-farm trial of promising varieties of pole snap bean varieties
in Balili, Mankayan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La
Trinidad, Benguet.
CATNAS, E. 2009. Influence of animal urine and salt water seed treatment on the
Growth
and yield of organically grown pole snap bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris) in La Trinidad, Benguet. BS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet.
CANADIAN GRAIN COMMISSION. 2001.Crop Post Harvest. July 4, 2011
fromhttp;//www.ph/books?id=QYz9oajaat0C&pg=PA177&lpg=PA177&dq=ca
nadian+grain+commission+2001&sou
DAVID, S. 2007. Producing Seed Bean.Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://www.fao.org/sd/erp/toolkit/books/handbook_1_english.pdf.
DEMAND MEDIA, INC., 2011. How to Harvest Pole Snap Bean. Retrieved July 4,
2011 from http://www.ehow.com/how_5569028_harvest-snap-beans.html.
DURSUN, A. 2007.Variability, Heritability and Correlation Studies in Bean
Genotype.Retrieved June 30, 2011 from http://www.idosi.org/wjas/wjas
3/13.pdf.
FOODAND AGRICULTURALORGANIZATION. 2007. Green Bean Ecological Guide.
Retrieved June 20, 2011 from
http://www.vegetableipmasia.org/docs/Ecological%20Guide/Green%20Bean%2
0Integrated%20Pest%20Management.pdf.
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During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
32
FARMERIK. 2007. LONG TERM SEED STORAGE. Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://seedforsecurity.com/article.php?articleid=27.
JEFFERSON, T. 2005. Dry Edible Beans. A High Value Alternative Legume.Retrieved
July 4, 2011 from http://www.Jeffersoninstitute.Org/ pubs/dry beans.shtml.
KAUFMAN, E.R. 2000.Organic Seed Treatment Notes.Retrieved June 30, 2011 from
http://www.grow seed.org/seed treatment notes.hmtl.
NERGAAD, P. 1997.Seed Phathology, vols.I, II.Jonh and Sons, New York.
SIMSIM, P. A. and J.G. BALAOING. 2007. Organic Fertilization on the Seed Quality of
Pole Snap Bean Phaseolus vulgaris (Var. Maccarao). BSU Research Journal.P.
56.
TANDANG, L. L. 2011. Personal Communication. September 14, 2011.
TANDANG, LL. 2007. New NSIC-approved variety of pole snap bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris) in Benguet, Philippines. Philippines Journal of Crop Science (PJCS)
December 2010. Pp. 57-63.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
33
APPENDICES
Appendix Table 1. Weevil infestation during seed storageof four varieties of pole snap
bean mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS)
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1
1 1 1 3 1
S1V2
1 1 1 3 1
S1V3 1
1
1
3
1
S1V4
1 1 1 3 1
S2V1 1
1
1
3
1
S2V2 1
1
1
3
1
S2V3 1
1
1
3
1
S2V4 1
1
1
3
1
S3V1 1
1
1
3
1
S3V2 1
1
1
3
1
S3V3 1
1
1
3
1
S3V4 1
1
1
3
1
S4V1 1
1
1
3
1
S4V2 1
1
1
3
1
S4V3 1
1
1
3
1
S4V4 1
1
1
3
1
TOTAL 16
16
16
48
16
MEAN 1
1
1
3
1
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
34
Appendix Table 2.Final weight (g) of the stored seedof four varieties of pole snap bean
after 5 monthsmixed with different amounts of pine wood strips
(PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 123.75
123.87
124.75
372.37
124.12
S1V2 122.87
122.75
123.81
369.43
123.14
S1V3 122.75
124.75
124.75
372.25
124.08
S1V4
123.50 123.75 123.75 371.00 123.66
S2V1 123.75
124.75
123.25
371.75
123.91
S2V2 124.25
124.75
122.81
371.81
123.93
S2V3 123.87
122.81
122.93
369.61
123.20
2V4 123.87
122.81
123.87
371.55
123.85
S3V1 124.87
122.81
123.75
369.31
123.10
S3V2 122.75
122.75
123.75
370.25
123.41
S3V3 123.75
123.75
122.75
371.25
123.75
S3V4 124.75
123.75
123.75
372.25
124.08
S4V1 124.75
123.75
123.75
371.37
123.79
S4V2 123.87
123.75
124.37
371.87
123.95
S4V3 123.75
123.75
122.81
370.31
123.43
S4V4 123.75
122.81
122.75
369.31
123.10
TOTAL 1980.85
1977.36
1977.60
5935.81
1978.60
MEAN 123.80
123.48
123.60
370.98
123.66
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
35
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
124.12 123.91 123.1 123.79 494.92 123.73
V2
123.14 123.93 123.41 123.95 494.43 123.61
V3
124.08 123.2 123.75 123.43 494.46 123.62
V4
123.66 123.85 124.08 123.1 494.69 123.67
TOTAL
495 494.89 494.34 494.27 1978.5
MEAN 123.75
123.723
123.585
123.568 123.66
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.442
0.221
FACTOR A
3
0.315
O.105
0.21ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
0.115
0.038
0.07ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
5.778
0.642
1.28ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
14.975
O.99
TOTAL 47
21.624
ns = not significant CV = 0.57%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
36
Appendix Table 3. Final weight (g) lost of stored seed of four varieties of pole snap
beanmixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during
storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 1.25
1.13
0.25
2.63
0.87
S1V2 2.13
2.25
1.19
5.57
1.85
S1V3 2.25
0.25
0.25
2.75
0.91
S1V4
1.50 1.25 1.25 4.00 1.33
S2V1 1.25
0.25
1.75
3.25
1.08
S2V2 0.75
0.25
2.19
3.10
1.06
S2V3 1.13
2.19
2.07
5.39
1.79
S2V4 1.13
2.19
1.13
4.45
1.48
S3V1 0.13
2.19
1.25
3.57
1.19
S3V2 2.25
2.25
1.25
5.75
1.91
S3V3 1.25
1.25
2.25
4.75
1.58
S3V4 0.25
1.25
1.25
2.75
0.91
S4V1 0.25
1.25
1.25
2.75
0.91
S4V2 1.13
1.25
0.63
3.01
1.00
S4V3 1.25
1.25
2.19
4.69
1.56
S4V4 1.25
2.19
2.25
5.69
1.89
TOTAL 19.15
22.64
22.40
64.19
21.39
MEAN 1.21
1.41
1.40
4.02
1.33
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
37
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
0.87 1.08 1.19 0.91 4.05 1.01
V2
1.85 1.06 1.91 1 5.82 1.46
V3
0.91 1.79 1.58 1.56 5.84 1.46
V4
1.33 1.48 0.91 1.89 5.61 1.40
TOTAL 4.96 5.41 5.59 5.36 21.32
MEAN 1.24 1.35 1.40 1.34 1.33
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.475
FACTOR A
3
0.155
0.052
0.11ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
1.669
0.556
1.16ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
5.010
0.557
1.16ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
14.350
0.478
TOTAL 47
21.660
ns = not significant
CV = 20%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
38
Appendix Table 4. Percent of emergence of four varieties of pole snap beanmixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 93
91
98
282.00
94.00
S1V2 90
96
96
282.00
94.00
S1V3 88
86
98
272.00
90.66
S1V4
96 93 96
285.00
95.00
S2V1 90
94
94
278.00
92.66
S2V2 98
89
99
286.00
95.33
S2V3 97
89
97
283.00
94.33
S2V4 95
93
94
282.00
94.00
S3V1 80
93
97
270.00
90.0
S3V2 94
91
86
271.00
90.33
S3V3 85
80
85
250.00
83.33
S3V4 90
95
98
283.00
94.33
S4V1 90
88
97
275.00
91.66
S4V2 95
92
98
285.00
95.00
S4V3 92
87
92
271.00
90.33
S4V4 98
94
96
288.00
96.00
TOTAL 1471
1451
1521
4443
1481
MEAN 91.93
90.68
95.06
277.67
92.56
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
39
TWO
WAY
TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
94 92.66 90 91.66
368.32 92.08
V2
94 95.33
90.33 95 374.66 93.67
V3
90.66 94.33 83.33 90.33 358.65 89.66
V4
95 94
94.33
96
379.33 94.83
TOTAL
373.66 376.32 357.99 372.99 1480.96
MEAN 93.415
94.08
89.4975
93.2475 92.56
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 162.500
81.250
FACTOR A
3
154.729
81.576
3.68*
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
179.896
59.965
4.28**
3.04 4.06
AB 9
115.188
12.799
0.91ns
3.04 4.06
ERROR 30
419.500
13.983
TOTAL 47
1031.813
* = significant
CV = 4.04%
** = highly significant
ns = significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
40
Appendix Table 5.Days from sowing to emergence of pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 6
6
6
18
6.00
S1V2 6
6
6
18
6.00
S1V3 6
6
6
18
6.00
S1V4
6 6 6 18 6.00
S2V1 6
6
6
18
6.00
S2V2 6
6
6
18
6.00
S2V3 6
6
6
18
6.00
S2V4 6
6
6
18
6.00
S3V1 7
6
6
19
6.33
S3V2 6
7
6
19
6.33
S3V3 6
7
6
20
6.33
S3V4 6
6
6
18
6.00
S4V1 6
6
6
18
6.00
S4V2 6
6
6
18
6.00
S4V3 6
6
6
18
6.00
S4V4 6
6
6
18
6.00
TOTAL 98
98
96
292
97.33
MEAN 6.12
6.12
6.00
18.25
6.08
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
41
Appendix Table 6.Days from emergence to floweringof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 43
43
43
129
43
S1V2 42
42
42
126
42
S1V3 42
42
42
126
42
S1V4
42 42 42 126 42
S2V1 43
43
43
129
43
S2V2 42
42
42
126
42
S2V3 42
42
42
126
42
S2V4 42
42
42
126
42
S3V1 43
43
43
129
43
S3V2 42
42
42
126
42
S3V3 42
42
42
126
42
S3V4 42
42
42
126
42
S4V1 43
43
43
129
43
S4V2 42
42
42
126
42
S4V3 42
42
42
126
42
S4V4 42
42
42
126
42
TOTAL 676
676
676
2028
676
MEAN 42.25
42.25
42.25
126.75
42.25
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
42
Appendix Table 7.Days from flowering to pod settingof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 6
6
6
18
6
S1V2 5
5
5
15
5
S1V3 5
5
5
15
5
S1V4
5 5 5 15 5
S2V1 6
6
6
18
6
S2V2 5
5
5
15
5
S2V3 5
5
5
15
5
S2V4 5
5
5
15
5
S3V1 6
6
6
18
6
S3V2 5
5
5
15
5
S3V3 5
5
5
15
5
S3V4 5
5
5
15
5
S4V1 6
6
6
18
6
S4V2 5
5
5
15
5
S4V3 5
5
5
15
5
S4V4 5
5
5
15
5
TOTAL 83
83
83
249
83
MEAN 5.18
5.18
5.18
15.54
5.18
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
43
Appendix Table 8. Days from emergence to pod settingof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 49
49
49
147
49
S1V2 47
47
47
141
47
S1V3 47
47
47
141
47
S1V4
47 47 47 141 47
S2V1 49
49
49
147
49
S2V2 47
47
47
141
47
S2V3 47
47
47
141
47
S2V4 47
47
47
141
47
S3V1 49
49
49
147
49
S3V2 47
47
47
141
47
S3V3 47
47
47
141
47
S3V4 47
47
47
141
47
S4V1 49
49
49
147
49
S4V2 47
47
47
141
47
S4V3 47
47
47
141
47
S4V4 47
47
47
141
47
TOTAL
757 757
757
2271
757
MEAN 47.31
47.31
47.31
141.93
757
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
44
Appendix Table 9.Days from emergence to first harvestingof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 56
56
56
168
56
S1V2 56
56
56
168
56
S1V3 56
56
56
168
56
S1V4
56 56 56 168 56
S2V1 56
56
56
168
56
S2V2 56
56
56
168
56
S2V3 56
56
56
168
56
S2V4 56
56
56
168
56
S3V1 56
56
56
168
56
S3V2 56
56
56
168
56
S3V3 56
56
56
168
56
S3V4 56
56
56
168
56
S4V1 56
56
56
168
56
S4V2 56
56
56
168
56
S4V3 56
56
56
168
56
S4V4 56
56
56
168
56
TOTAL 896
896
896
2688
896
MEAN 56
56
56
158
56
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
45
Appendix Table 10.Days from emergence to last harvestingof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 78
78
78
234
78
S1V2 78
78
78
234
78
S1V3 78
78
78
234
78
S1V4
78 78 78 234 78
S2V1 78
78
78
234
78
S2V2 78
78
78
234
78
S2V3 78
78
78
234
78
S2V4 78
78
78
234
78
S3V1 78
78
78
234
78
S3V2 78
78
78
234
78
S3V3 78
78
78
234
78
S3V4 78
78
78
234
78
S4V1 78
78
78
234
78
S4V2 78
78
78
234
78
S4V3 78
78
78
234
78
S4V4 78
78
78
234
78
TOTAL 1248
1248
1248
3744
1248
MEAN 78
78
78
234
78
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
46
Appendix Table 11.Number of flower per cluster of pole snap bean mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 7.9
8.4
8.3
24.60
8.2
S1V2 8.0
8.2
8.1
24.30
8.1
S1V3 8.0
8.3
8.5
24.80
8.2
S1V4
8.3 8.2 8.1 24.60 8.2
S2V1 8.3
8.3
8.3
24.90
8.3
S2V2 7.9
8.1
8.1
24.10
8.0
S2V3 8.4
8.1
8.2
24.70
8.2
S2V4 8.3
8.5
8.2
25.00
8.3
S3V1 8.0
8.5
8.3
24.80
8.2
S3V2 8.4
8.2
8.0
24.60
8.2
S3V3 8.3
8.3
8.3
24.90
8.3
S3V4 8.1
8.4
8.3
24.80
8.2
S4V1 8.3
8.3
8.3
24.90
8.3
S4V2 8.2
8.2
8.3
24.70
8.2
S4V3 8.3
8.2
8.3
24.80
8.2
S4V4 8.2
8.4
8.4
25.00
8.3
TOTAL 139.1
132.6
132.0
403.7
134.5
MEAN 8.6
8.2
8.2
25.0
8.20
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
47
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
8.20 8.30 8.20 8.30 33.00 8.25
V2
8.10 8.00 8.20 8.20 32.50 8.13
V3
8.20 8.20 8.30 8.20 32.90 8.23
V4
8.20 8.30 8.20 8.30 33.00 8.25
TOTAL 32.70 32.80 32.90 33.00 131.40
MEAN 8.18 8.20 8.22 8.25
8.20
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.093
0.046
FACTOR A
3
0.057
0.019
0.91ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
0.156
0.052
2.48ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
0.082
0.009
0.43ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
0.627
0.021
TOTAL 47
1.015
ns = not significant
CV = 1.75%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
48
Appendix Table 12.Number of pods per clusterof pole snap bean mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 5.5
6.1
5.9
17.50
5.83
S1V2 5.9
6.0
5.9
17.80
5.93
S1V3 5.5
6.0
6.1
17.60
5.86
S1V4
5.9 5.6 5.8 17.30 5.76
S2V1 6.0
5.8
5.9
17.70
5.90
S2V2 5.8
5.8
5.7
17.30
5.76
S2V3 5.9
5.8
5.8
17.50
5.83
S2V4 6.1
6.1
5.9
18.10
6.03
S3V1 5.8
6.0
6.0
17.80
5.93
S3V2 6.1
5.7
5.6
17.40
5.80
S3V3 5.9
5.9
5.8
17.60
5.86
S3V4 6.0
6.2
5.9
18.10
6.03
S4V1 6.0
5.8
6.1
17.90
5.96
S4V2 6.0
5.7
6.0
17.70
5.90
S4V3 6.1
5.8
5.8
17.70
5.90
S4V4 5.8
5.9
5.9
17.60
5.86
TOTAL
94.3 94.2 941 282.6 94.2
MEAN 5.8
5.8
5.8
17.5
5.88
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
49
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
5.83 5.90 5.93 5.96 23.62 5.91
V2
5.93 5.76 5.80 5.90 23.39 5.85
V3
5.86 5.83 5.86 5.90 23.45 5.86
V4
5.76 6.03 6.03 5.86 23.68 5.92
TOTAL 23.38 23.52 23.62 23.62 94.14
MEAN 5.85 5.88 5.91 5.91 5.88
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.001
0.001
FACTOR A
3
0.027
0.009
0.30ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
0.044
0.015
0.49ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
0.221
0.025
0.82 ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
0.899
0.030
TOTAL 47
1.192
ns = not significant
CV = 2.94%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
50
Appendix Table 13.Percentage pod set per clusterof pole snap beanmixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 69.62
72.61
71.08
213.31
71.10
S1V2 73.75
73.17
72.83
219.75
73.25
S1V3 68.75
72.28
71.76
212.79
70.93
S1V4
71.08 68.29 71.60 210.97 70.32
S2V1 72.28
69.87
71.08
213.23
71.07
S2V2 73.41
71.60
70.37
215.38
71.79
S2V3 70.23
71.60
70.73
212.56
70.85
S2V4 73.49
71.76
71.95
217.20
72.40
S3V1 72.50
70.58
72.28
215.36
71.78
S3V2 72.61
69.51
70.00
212.12
70.70
S3V3 71.08
71.08
72.28
214.44
71.48
S3V4 74.07
73.80
71.08
218.95
72.98
S4V1 72.28
69.87
73.49
215.64
71.88
S4V2 73.17
69.51
72.28
214.96
71.65
S4V3 73.49
70.23
69.87
213.59
71.19
S4V4 70.73
70.23
70.23
211.19
70.39
TOTAL 1152.54
1135.99
1142.41
3431.44
1143.81
MEAN 72.03
70.99
71.43
214.45
71.49
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
51
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
71.1 71.07 71.78 71.88 285.83 71.46
V2
73.25 71.79 70.7 71.65 287.39 71.85
V3
70.93 70.85 71.48 71.19 284.45 71.11
V4
70.32 72.4 72.98 70.39 286.09 71.52
TOTAL
285.60 286.11 286.94 285.11 1143.76
MEAN
71.40 71.53 71.74 71.28
71.49
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication
2
8.636 4.318
FACTOR A 3
1.379
0.460
0.24
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B 3
3.275
1.092
0.57
3.04 4.06
AB
9
27.776
3.086
1.63
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
56.603 1.888
TOTAL 47
97.669
ns = not significant
CV = 1.92%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
52
Appendix Table 14. Total number of seeds per podof pole snap bean mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 8.7
8.6
8.5
25.80
8.60
S1V2 9.2
9.3
8.5
27.00
9.00
S1V3 8.6
7.7
8.2
24.50
8.16
S1V4
7.7 8.3 7.9 23.90 7.96
S2V1 8.9
8.8
9.2
26.90
8.96
S2V2 9.4
8.7
8.4
26.50
8.33
S2V3 8.5
8.3
8.1
24.90
8.30
S2V4 8.4
7.9
7.7
24.00
8.00
S3V1 8.8
9.1
8.5
26.40
8.80
S3V2 8.9
9.5
8.5
26.90
8.96
S3V3 7.9
7.7
8.3
23.90
7.96
S3V4 7.8
7.7
8.1
23.60
7.86
S4V1 9.2
8.7
8.4
26.30
8.76
S4V2 8.9
9.3
8.2
26.40
8.80
S4V3 7.6
7.7
8.2
23.50
7.83
S4V4 7.7
8.3
7.6
23.60
7.86
TOTAL 136.2
135.6
132.3
404.1
134.7
MEAN 8.5
8.4
8.2
25.1
8.38
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
53
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
8.6 8.96 8.8 8.76 35.12 8.78
V2
9 8.33
8.96 8.8
35.09 8.77
V3
8.16 8.3 7.96 7.83 32.25 8.06
V4
7.96 8 7.86
7.86
31.68 7.92
TOTAL 33.72 33.59 33.58 33.25 134.14
MEAN 8.43 8.40 8.40 8.31 8.38
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.551
0.276
FACTOR A
3
0.267
0.089
0.70ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
8.787
2.929
23.15**
3.04 4.06
AB 9
0.452
0.050
0.40ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
3.795
0.127
TOTAL 47
13.853
ns = not significant
CV = 4.22%
** = highly significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
54
Appendix Table 15. Length (cm) of marketable pods of pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 19.75
19.22
19.84
58.81
19.60
S1V2 20.32
19.84
20.72
60.88
20.29
S1V3 17.33
16.73
16.88
50.94
16.98
S1V4
16.11 16.28 15.75 48.14 16.04
S2V1 19.84
19.62
19.24
58.70
19.56
S2V2 19.36
19.18
20.40
58.94
19.64
S2V3 16.81
17.35
16.99
51.15
17.05
S2V4 16.24
16.07
15.80
48.11
16.03
S3V1 18.64
19.47
20.71
58.82
19.60
S3V2 19.72
19.02
20.61
59.35
19.78
S3V3 17.16
17.11
17.13
51.40
17.13
S3V4 16.65
16.39
15.95
48.99
16.33
S4V1 19.77
19.70
19.65
57.12
19.04
S4V2 20.17
19.46
19.97
59.60
19.86
S4V3 16.80
17.06
16.76
50.62
16.87
S4V4 16.17
16.26
16.13
48.56
16.18
TOTAL 291.04
288.76
292.56
87236
290.78
MEAN 18.19
18.04
18.28
54.51
18.12
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
55
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
19.6 19.56 19.6 19.04 77.80 19.45
V2
20.29 19.64 19.78 19.86 79.57 19.89
V3
16.98 17.05 17.13 16.87 68.03 17.01
V4
16.04 16.03 16.33 16.18 64.58 16.15
TOTAL 72.91 72.28 72.84 71.95 289.98
MEAN
18.23 18.07 18.21 17.99
18.12
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.580
0.290
FACTOR A
3
0.471
0.157
0.58ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
120.649
40.216
148.61**
3.04 4.06
AB 9
1.200
0.133
0.49ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
8.118
0.271
TOTAL 47
131.019
ns = not significant
CV = 2.87%
** = highly significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
56
Appendix Table 16. Width (cm) of marketable pods of pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 0.77
0.78
0.78
2.33
0.77
S1V2 0.83
0.83
0.78
2.44
0.81
S1V3 0.77
0.77
0.72
2.26
0.75
S1V4
0.75 0.71
0.75
2.21 0.73
S2V1 0.82
0.82
0.76
2.40
0.80
S2V2 0.79
0.79
0.78
2.36
0.78
S2V3 0.80
0.75
0.74
2.29
0.76
S2V4 0.74
0.74
0.73
2.21
0.73
S3V1 0.81
0.80
0.76
2.37
0.79
S3V2 0.78
0.78
0.76
2.32
0.77
S3V3 0.75
0.75
0.72
2.22
0.74
S3V4 0.76
0.74
0.72
2.22
0.74
S4V1 0.80
0.81
0.79
2.40
0.80
S4V2 0.81
0.83
0.78
2.42
0.80
S4V3 0.75
0.76
0.73
2.24
0.74
S4V4 0.77
0.74
0.72
2.23
0.74
TOTAL 12.50
12.40
12.02
36.92
12.30
MEAN 0.78
0.77
0.75
2.3
0.77
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
57
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
0.77 0.8 0.79 0.8 3.16 0.79
V2
0.81 0.78 0.77 0.8 3.16 0.79
V3
0.75 0.76 0.74 0.74 2.99 0.75
V4
0.73 0.73 0.74 0.74 2.94 0.74
TOTAL 3.06 3.07 3.04 3.08 12.25
MEAN 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.77 0.77
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication
2
0.008 0.004
FACTOR
A
3
0.001 0.000 1.66ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR
B
3
0.029 0.010 39.52**
3.04 4.06
AB
9
0.004 0.000 1.78ns
3.35 4.06
ERROR 30
0.007 0.000
TOTAL 47
0.049
ns = not significant
CV = 2.03%
** = highly significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
58
Appendix Table 17. Weight of marketable pods (kg/5m2 plot)of pole snap beanmixed
with different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 11.60
8.60
8.15
28.35
9.45
S1V2 10.20
7.35
9.80
27.35
9.11
S1V3 10.30
8.05
7.50
25.85
8.61
S1V4
10.15 7.60 8.80 26.55 8.85
S2V1 9.80
9.60
7.15
26.55
8.85
S2V2 8.00
9.60
10.05
27.65
9.21
S2V3 9.85
7.25
10.60
27.70
9.23
S2V4 10.10
10.05
7.65
27.80
9.26
S3V1 5.85
7.25
9.00
22.10
7.36
S3V2 9.45
9.20
7.75
26.40
8.80
S3V3 8.80
10.10
7.55
26.45
8.81
S3V4 9.05
7.00
8.50
24.55
8.18
S4V1 8.60
7.45
9.45
25.50
8.50
S4V2 11.25
9.65
9.05
29.95
9.98
S4V3 8.95
9.45
7.95
26.35
8.78
S4V4 10.15
7.75
9.70
27.60
9.20
TOTAL 152.10
135.95
138.65
426.70
142.23
MEAN 9,50
8.49
8.66
26.65
8.89
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
59
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
9.45 8.85 7.36 8.5 34.16 8.54
V2
9.11 9.21 8.8 9.98 37.10 9.28
V3
8.61 9.23 8.81 8.78 35.43 8.86
V4
8.85 9.26 8.18 9.2 35.49 8.87
TOTAL 36.02 36.55 33.15 36.46 142.18
MEAN 9.01 9.14 8.29 9.12 8.89
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 9.354
4.677
FACTOR A
3
5.841
1.947
1.21ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
3.285
1.095
0.68ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
6.167
0.685
0.43ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
48.072
1.602
TOTAL 47
72.720
ns = not significant
CV = 14.24%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
60
Appendix Table 18.Weight of non-marketable pods (kg/5m2 plot) of pole snap bean
mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during
storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 0.25
0.55
0.25
1.05
0.35
S1V2 0.55
0.35
0.35
1.25
0.41
S1V3 0.35
0.45
0.35
1.15
0.38
S1V4
0.30 0.35 0.35 1.00 0.33
S2V1 0.30
0.60
0.40
1.30
0.43
S2V2 0.40
0.45
0.45
1.30
0.43
S2V3 0.60
0.35
0.35
1.30
0.43
S2V4 0.45
0.25
0.30
1.00
0.33
S3V1 0.15
0.40
0.30
0.85
0.28
S3V2 0.45
0.50
0.15
1.10
0.36
S3V3 0.15
0.30
0.40
0.85
0.28
S3V4 0.50
0.60
0.45
1.55
0.51
S4V1 0.35
0.50
0.35
1.20
0.40
S4V2 0.40
0.35
0.45
1.20
0.40
S4V3 0.25
0.35
0.30
0.90
0.30
S4V4 0.30
0.50
0.40
1.20
0.40
TOTAL 5.75
6.85
5.60
18.20
6.06
MEAN 0.35
0.42
0.35
1.12
0.38
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
61
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
0.35 0.43 0.28 0.4 1.46 0.37
V2
0.41 0.43 0.36 0.4 1.60 0.40
V3
0.38 0.43 0.28 0.3 1.39 0.35
V4
0.33 0.33 0.51 0.4 1.57 0.39
TOTAL 1.47 1.62 1.43 1.50 6.02
MEAN 0.37 0.41 0.36 0.38 0.38
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.058
0.029
FACTOR A
3
0.015
0.005
0.43ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
0.023
0.008
0.67ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
0.143
0.16
1.40ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
0.340
0.011
TOTAL 47
0.579
ns = not significant
CV = 28.08%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
62
Appendix Table 19. Total yield (kg/5m2plot)of pole snap bean mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 11.85
9.15
8.40
29.40
9.80
S1V2 10.75
7.70
10.15
28.60
9.53
S1V3 10.65
8.50
7.85
27.00
9.00
S1V4
10.55 7.95 9.15 27.65 9.21
S2V1 10.10
10.20
7.55
27.85
9.28
S2V2 8.40
10.05
10.50
28.95
9.65
S2V3 10.45
7.40
10.95
28.80
9.60
S2V4 10.55
10.30
7.95
28.80
9.60
S3V1 6.00
7.65
9.30
22.95
7.65
S3V2 9.90
9.70
7.90
27.50
9.16
S3V3 8.95
10.10
7.95
27.00
9.00
S3V4 9.55
7.60
8.95
26.10
8.70
S4V1 8.95
7.95
9.80
26.70
8.90
S4V2 11.65
10.00
9.50
31.15
10.38
S4V3 9.20
9.80
8.25
27.25
9.08
S4V4 10.45
8.25
10.10
28.80
9.60
TOTAL 157.95
142.30
144.25
444.50
148.16
MEAN 9.87
8.89
9.01
27.77
9.26
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
63
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
9.80 9.28 7.65 8.90 35.63 8.91
V2
9.53 9.65 9.16 10.38 38.72 9.68
V3
9.00 9.60 9.00 9.08 36.68 9.17
V4
9.21 9.60 8.70 9.6 37.11 9.28
TOTAL 37.54 38.13 34.51 37.96 148.14
MEAN 9.39 9.53 8.63 9.49 9.26
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 9.092
4.546
FACTOR A
3
6.511
2.170
1.32ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
3.734
1.245
0.76ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
5.774
0.642
0.39ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
49.298
1.643
TOTAL 47
74.410
ns = not significant
CV = 13.84%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
64
Appendix Table 20.Reaction to pod borerof pole snap beanmixed with different amounts
of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S1V2 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S1V3 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S1V4
2 2 2
6.00
2.00
S2V1 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S2V2 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S2V3 4
3
3
10.00
3.33
S2V4 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S3V1 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S3V2 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S3V3 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S3V4 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S4V1 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S4V2 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S4V3 2
3
3
8.00
2.66
S4V4 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
TOTAL 41.00
40.00
40.00
121.00
40.33
MEAN 2.56
2.50
2.50
7.56
2.52
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
65
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 12.00 3.00
V2
2.00 2.00 2.00 2.oo 8.00 2.00
V3
3.00 3.33 3.00 2.66 11.99 3.00
V4
2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 8.00 2.00
TOTAL 10.00
10.33
10.00
9.66
39.99
MEAN 2.50 2.58 2.50 2.42 2.50
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.00 0.00
FACTOR A
3
0.167
0.05
1.25
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
12.00
4.00
90.00
3.04 4.06
AB
9
0.50
0.05
1.25
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30 1.33
0.044
TOTAL 47
14.00
ns = not significant
CV = 8.43%
** = highly significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
66
Appendix Table 21.Reaction to bean rustof pole snap bean mixed with different amounts
of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1
2
2
2
6
2
S1V2 1
1
1
3
1
S1V3 2
2
2
6
2
S1V4
1 1 1 3 1
S2V1 2
2
2
6
2
S2V2 1
1
1
3
1
S2V3 2
2
2
6
2
S2V4 1
1
1
3
1
S3V1 2
2
2
6
2
S3V2 1
1
1
3
1
S3V3 2
2
2
6
2
S3V4 1
1
1
3
1
S4V1 1
2
2
6
2
S4V2 1
1
1
3
1
S4V3 2
2
2
6
2
S4V4 1
1
1
3
1
TOTAL 24
24
24
72
24
MEAN 1.5
1.5
1.5
4.5
1.5
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
ABELLERA, RONNIE C. APRIL 2012. Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed
with Pine Wood Strips During Seed Storage.Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Leoncia L. Tandang, Ph. D.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield of pole snap bean varieties
mixed with pine wood strips during seed storage; determine the best amount of pine wood strips
on germination, growth and yield of snap beans; determine the interaction effect of variety and
pine wood strips on germination, growth and yield of pole snap bean; and determine the ROCE
of growing pole snap bean mixed with pine wood strips during seed storage.
Mixing pine wood strips in a kilogram of pole snap bean seeds did not affect all the
parameters measured in this study except the percent emergence of pole snap bean. Mixing the
seeds with 12.5g of pine wood strips resulted in highest percent emergence and ROCE but
comparable to those unmixed seeds and those with 50g of pine wood strips. All varieties
evaluated did not differ in their growth and yield except for percent emergence, number of seeds
per pod and pod length and width. Maroon had the highest percent emergence together with
Stone Hill black and Black Valentine. Black Valentine and Stone Hill black had longer and
wider pods than Burik and Maroon. Growing all the varieties resulted in positive ROCE but
growing Stone Hill black mixed with 50 g of PWS per kg of seeds at storage recorded the highest
ROCE (34.77%).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera.2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………….. i
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………… i
Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………. ii
INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………….. 1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE……………………………………………………... 4
Importance of Seed Storage and Quality of
Seeds………………………………………………………………………. 4
Snap Bean Seed Storage Problem…………………………………………. 5
Varietal Evaluation………………………………………………………... 7
Importance of Pine Wood Strip …………………………………………... 8
MATERIALS AND METHODS…………………………………………………. 9
Laboratory Experiment …………………………………………………… 9
Field Experiment………………………………………………………….. 9
Data Gathered…………………………………………............................ 10
At Storage…………………………………………………………………. 10
Experimental Field………………………………………………………… 11
Analysis of Data…………………………………………………………… 14
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION….………………………………………………. 15
At Storage………………………………………………………………………….. 15
Weevil Infestation………………………………………………………….. 15
Final weight and weight lost of seeds…………….……...………………… 15
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
Experimental Field………………………………………………………………….. 15
Percent emergence …………………………………………………..……… 15
Number of days from sowing
to emergence, to flowering,
from emergence to pod setting, and
from flowering to pod setting…………………………...…………………… 17
Days from emergence to first
harvest and to last harvest……………...……………………………………. 18
Number of flower per cluster, pods
per cluster, and percent pod set...................................................................... 18
Number of seed per pod…….………………………………..……………… 20
Length and width of marketable
fresh pods ………………………..…………….......………………………… 21
Weight of marketable and non-
marketable fresh pods and
total yield per plot …………………………………………………………… 21
Reaction to pod borer infestation
and bean rust infection…....………………………………………………… 22
Return on Cash Expense……………………………………………………………. 24
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION……………………… 28
Summary……………………………………………………………………... 28
Conclusion..................................................................................................... 29
Recommendation………………………………………………………….... 30
LITERATURE CITED………………………………………………………...….... 31
APPENDICES.......................................................................................................... 33
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
1
INTRODUCTION
Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a tender annual, grown for its edible
immature pods. It grows either as bush or vine. The size and color of pod and seeds vary.
Pods can be 3or 4inches to 6-8 inches or more long. The colors are green, yellow, purple,
and speckled. Pods can be round or flat. Bush bean varieties are ready to harvest 45 to 60
day while pole beans are harvested 60 to 85 days. Bush beans grow to 2 to 3 feet tall and
mature earlier than pole bean that grows to 8 feet and requires support. Pole beans
produce more pods per plant than bush bean.
Pole snap bean is important food worldwide and a significant source of nutrients
because of its fiber, protein and vitamin contents. It is traditionally a basic food in many
developing countries and it serves as a major plant for rural and urban
areas(Dursun,2007).
Bean seeds easily loose their germination ability if stored under ordinary
conditions. In order to keep seeds for the next season, they must be stored properly. Close
and cold storage are commonly used in storing bean seed (FAO, 2007). However,
apparently, seeds at storage are easily infested with weevil. Bean weevil is a major stored
product pest because of the damage it causes to bean seeds. It becomes a pest in heated
granaries where it can breed continuously on dried seeds. They may consume nearly the
entire bean nutrient contents (Beyond Pest Control Inc., 2009).
Seed is the most important and basic input in agriculture. It protects and sustains
life. We must also consider the seed quality, which ensures desirable crop production.
Maintaining seed quality is maintaining the moisture content and temperature of stored
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
2
seed.In addition, seeds play a very important role in determining the fruit yield. It
requires the purity, percentage mixture and no weed seeds (Acad, 2009).
For generation, farmers struggled to improve the performance of their seeds, and
protect from pest and diseases. Apparently, bean seeds are easily infested by weevil even
after seed extraction. Benguet farmers use pine wood chips as seed treatment during seed
storage with the belief that it controls weevil infestation (Tandang, 2011).
High seed production depends upon the viability of high quality seeds. The
quality of seeds obtained from reliable sources could be beneficial by reducing seedling
rate and risk of pest and disease problems(Simsim and Balaoing, 2007).
Sowing healthy seeds of high quality is a major concern to improve crop yield
thus increasing food production. It has a great concern to farmers and seed producing
agencies where the diseases is high and the average yields are low and where more food
is needed to feed the ever-increasing population. So, it is important to test the seeds for
disease causing organism before they are sown in the field and to avoid harmful
organisms traveling from infected to non-infected areas within a country or across
internationalboundaries.
The study was undertakento:
1. evaluate the growth and yield of pole snap bean varieties mixedwith pine
wood stripsduring seed storage;
2. determine the best amount of pine wood strips on germination, growth and
yield of snap bean;
3. determine the interaction effect of variety and pine wood strips on
germination, growth and yield of pole snap bean; and
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
3
4. determine the return on cash expense (ROCE) of pole snap beanmixedwith
pine wood strips.
The storage study wasdone from June 2011 to November 2011 andthe field
experiment was on November 2011 to February 2012at IPB-BSU Highland Crops
Research Station in Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Importance of Seed Storage
and Quality of Seeds
Seed treatment is the oldest practice in plant protection. In 1992, the modern
introduce organo-mercury fungicide for seed treatments are widely used for several
decades(Nergaad, 1997). Today, the most widely used application of seed treatment is a
traditional way of protecting the germinating seedling against pest and disease (Catnas,
2009).
Seed vigor is a measure of the quality of seed. It involves seed viability, the
germination percentage, germination rate and the strength of seedlings produced
(Wikipedia). Good quality bean seed should be pure and clean, that is, all seed should be
of the same variety and then same size. It should not include any dirt, stones, broken
seed, shriveled seed, moldy seed, rotten seed, andinsect damaged seed (David, 2007).
Barton (1996) found that the seeds of high initial viability are more resistant to
unfavorable storage environment condition than low viable seed. Once seed start to
deteriorate it proceeds rapidly. Seeds which were injured mechanically suffered a lot and
lose its viability and vigor very quickly.
Storing seeds in a cool dry environment keeps them viable for longer period.
Seeds have a tendency to absorb moisture during storage. To maintain dryness, the
storage containers could be filled to a quarter capacities with dry wood, ash or dry
charcoal. Viability and quality of seeds will be protected from insects and pests (FAO,
2007).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
5
Cooler temperature will extend seed life, as long as the seeds are protected from
all moisture, seeds to be saved for many years should be sealed from any air circulation,
because of the moisture it carries (Farmerik, 2007).
Using salt water treatment is found to be effective in separating healthy seeds
from unhealthy ones. This is effective in paddy seeds (Kaufman, 2000).
Snap Bean Seed Storage Problem
Snap bean is one of the most important vegetable. Since it is an important
vegetable crop, production should be amplified using good quality seeds for planting.
Proper storage of seed are sometimes also neglected that result to poor growth and low
yield. In this regards, it is important to know the nature of the seeds before planting
(Simsim and Balaoing, 2007).
In 2004, the number of farmer engaged in growing snap bean decreased from
9,903 to 5,088 in 2009. These farmers were observed to mainly defend on traditional
cultivars due to lack of improved varieties of snap bean. Alno and Burik, are commonly
grown traditional varieties, which are susceptible to pest and diseases. They were also
low yielding varieties (Tandang, 2007).
Acad (2009) stated many problems were encountered in bean production. Insect
pests and diseaseoccur in seed storage and bean growing areas.Bruchids, or bean weevil
are major pest of dry bean around the world. Two bruchids species (Zobrotessubfasciatus
and Acanthoscelidesobtectus) are found in East. Z. subfesciatus prefer lower elevations
and warmer temperatures, while A.obtectus is found in higher latitude environments with
cooler temperature (Ampofo, 1992).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
6
The female bean weevil deposits her eggs on bean pods in the field or on whole
beans in storage. Each female lays up to 60 eggs in her lifetime and numerous whitish
eggs can be seen on a single bean. Bean weevils are internal feeders so the tiny, grub-like
larvae bore their way into the bean. Several larvae may feed inside each bean and a
considerable portion of the bean’s interior is consumed. It is the larvae that do the
damage. Adults do not feed. Upon maturity, the larvae pupate near the surface of the bean
and then emerge from the bean, leaving numerous holes in the bean. The entire life cycle
can last from 21 days or as long as 80 days. Populations of bean weevils develop quickly
in stored beans where suddenly hundreds or thousands of weevils are seen crawling or
flying in infested rooms. The first indication of an infestation is often the presence of
numerous flying weevils. A bag, box or storage bin of beans may be so infested that
weevils are forced to leave the container in search of fresh beans on which to lay their
eggs. Bean weevils “play dead” when disturbed and may take up to five minutes to
resume movement (Beyond Pest Control Inc., 2009).
Beans are normally harvested when the pods are black and stems have shriveled.
Because water loss is slow forming the thick fleshy pods and large seeds, a prolonged
period of ripening and drying may be required before combining, particularly in cool
climates. If the crop is harvested too soon, the beans in the topmost pods will be
immatured. They will also be higher in moisture content than in those lower pods.
Because of problems associated with prolonged ripening, late harvesting, frost damage,
and prolonged drying, fababeans are frequently binned in a nonuniform state and
consequently they need to be carefully monitored during storage(Demand Media, Inc.,
2011).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
7
Mechanical handling damage is a problem which becomes more severe at low
temperature and moisture levels. To reduce damage, use belt conveyors or front- end
loaders rather than augers to handle beans wherever possible. Avoid roping beans from
excessive heights, particularly onto concrete floors (Canadian Grain Commission, 2001).
Varietal Evaluation
In 2007, Mulchino found that the six varieties of pole snap bean grown
underKabayan, Benguet condition differed in their yielding potential. Violeta and Blue
Lake performed significantly better than other varieties in pod cluster/plant, pod/plant
and number and weight of marketable pods.
12 varieties of pole snap bean was evaluated by Tandang and her team under
highlands condition in 2007. Violeta significantly recorded highest computed yield/ha
followed by Burik and N2643 (Tandanget al, 2007).
In 2005, Cayso stated that among the varieties she evaluated, they did not show
differences on percent survival, days to flowering, number of flower per cluster and
percent pod set. B-21, Stonehill, Taichung, and Violeta were observed to have mild
resistance to pod and bean rust. Bluelake, Maccarao and B-21, exhibited higher yield
potential.
Calya-en (2009),stated that among the ten varieties of pole snap bean she
evaluated in Mankayan, Benguet in 2009, CPV 69 was the earliest to flower in 40 DAS;
While BVC-8521 recorded the shortest flowering duration in 21 days. B-21, CPV 60,
CPV 69 and Bluelake were the earliest varieties to be harvested in 75 DAS. Pole snap
bean produced four to five flowers per cluster. Magbunga, Bluelake, and Taichung had
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
8
highest pod cluster par plant while Hav 71 had the highest percentage of pod setting.
Magbunga had the longest pod and Bluelake had the narrowest pod.
Importance of Pine Wood Chip
Pinewood is an excellent construction material. In the mining areas of Benguet,
pine is used as mine shafts and tunnels. It is also used as piles, posts, Christmas trees, and
as raw material for pulp and paper manufacturing. Wood from pine trees is a good fuel
source both for cooking and heating purposes. Pine bark is a potential source of tannin for
the country’s leather industry, and sawmills wastes like Pine sawdust are source of tan
and pitch. Oleoresin from pine trees generates income for many inhabitants in the pine
region. Upon distillation, oleoresin yields turpentine and residue called resin. Resin is a
hydrocarbonsecretion. Turpentine is used as a solvent and thinner in paints (Balague,
1990).
The properties of pine are antimicrobial, antineuralgic, antirheumatic, antiseptic,
antiviral, bactericidal, balsamic, cholagogue, deodorant, diuretic, expectorant,
hypertensive, insecticidal, restorative, rubefacient, adrenal cortex stimulant as well as
stimulant to the circulation and nervous system(Esoteric Oils CC and Sallamander
Concepts (Pty) Ltd, 2011).
Pine woodstrips locally known as “Saleng” is traditionally used as a seed
treatment in many provinces of Cordillera for next season planting materials.
Pinuskesiya, is one of the most distributed pines in Asia. Its range extends south and east
from the Khasi hills in the Northeast Indian state of Meghalaya from where it got its
name to northern Thailand, Burma, Laos, Southern China, Vietnam and the Philippines
(Wikipedia, 2008).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
9
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A. Laboratory Experiment
Seeds of four varieties of pole snap bean harvested last April 2011, weighing
1500 grams each and a trunk of more than 50 years old pine treeobtained from Wangal,
La Trinidad, Benguet was chopped into small pieces were used in the storage study. The
seedswere divided into twelve sets weighing 125 grams each. The seedswere mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips(PWS) during storagesuch as 12.5g/kg of seeds,
25g/kg of seeds, 50g/kg of seeds and without any treatment. The experiment was set-up
following the 4 x 4 factor factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replications. This was done at IPB-BSU Highland Crop Research Station, for a
period of six months from May 2011 to October 2011.
B. Field Experiment
A total area of 240m2was prepared for the experiment. This was divided into three
blocks, consisting of 16 plots each with a dimension of 1m x 5m. Two seeds were sown
per hill at a distance of 25cm between hills and between rows. The experiment was laid
out using 4 x 4 factor factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replications. The seed mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips during
storage wasconsidered as factor A and the four varieties of pole snap bean were
considered as factor Bas follows:
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
10
FACTOR A –AMOUNT OF PINE WOOD STRIPS
Code
Amount
of
PWS
(g/kg
of
seeds)
S1
O (Control)
S2
12.5
S3
25.0
S4
50.0
FACTOR B – VARIETY
Code
Variety
V1
Black
Valentine
V2
Stone
Hill
Block
V3
Burik
V4
Maroon
Data Gathered
A. At Storage
1. Weevil infestation during storage. This was observed every two weeksafter
storing the seeds using the following scale:
Scale
PercentInfestation
Description
1
No infestation
Highly resistant
2
1-25% infestation/plot
Moderately resistant
3
26-50% infestation/plot
Resistant
4
51 - 75% infestation/plot
Susceptible
5
76-100% infestation/plot
Very susceptible
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
11
2. Final weight of stored seeds. This was monitored using the digital weighing scale
every two weeks after seed storage.
3. Weight loss. This was monitored by weighing the seeds using the digital weighing
scale every two weeks throughout the duration of seed storage under ordinary room
condition.
Experimental Field
1. Percent of emergence. This was obtained by using the following formula:
Number of Seeds Germinated
%emergence = × 100%
Number of Seeds Sown
2. Days from sowing to emergence. This was recorded by counting the days
fromsowing to the time when at least 50% of the plant emerged.
3. Days from emergence to flowering. This was recorded by counting the
number of days from emergence to the day whenat least 50% of the plants have fully
opened flowers.
4. Days from flowering to pod setting. This was recorded by counting the
number of days starting from flowering to the day when pod set.
5. Days from emergence to pod setting.This was recorded by counting the
number of days starting from emergence to the day when pod set.
6. Days from emergence to first harvesting. This was recorded by counting the
number of days from emergence to first harvesting
7. Days from emergence to last harvesting. This was recorded by counting the
number of days from emergence to last harvesting.
8. Number of flowers per cluster. The number of flowers per cluster was counted
from ten samples per plot during peak of flowering stage.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
12
9. Number of pods per cluster. The number of pod per cluster was counted from
ten random sample plants per plot.
10. Percentage pod set per cluster. This was computed using the data gathered in
Nos.8 and 9 using the following formula:
Total No. of Pods per Cluster
% Pod Setting per cluster = × 100 %
Total No. of Flower per Cluster
11. Number of seeds per pod. The number of seeds per pod was countedfrom ten
sample pods per plot.
12. Length of marketable pods (cm). Ten samplepods werepicked at random
from each plot and their lengthwere measured from pedicel end to blossom end using the
foot rule.
13. Width of marketable pods (cm). This was measured from ten random sample
pods per plot using the vernier caliper.
14. Weight of marketable pods (kg). The marketable pods were harvested and
weight every harvesting period. Marketable pods were pods that are free from damage
caused by insect pest and diseases and not deformed.
15. Weight of non-marketable pods (kg). The non-marketable pods werethose
affected by insect pest and diseases, and deformed pods. They were weight every
harvesting period.
16. Total yield per plot (kg). This was the total weight of all harvested fresh pods
per plot.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
13
17. Reaction to pod borer. This was taken by assessing the degree of infestation
by pod borer using the following scale used at BSU-IPB Highland Crop Research Station,
by Tandang, et al. in 2008:
Scale
PercentInfestation Description
1
No infestation
Highly resistant
2
1-25% infestation/plot
Moderately resistant
3
26-50% infestation/plot
Resistant
4
51 - 75% infestation/plot
Susceptible
5
76-100% infestation/plot
Very susceptible
18. Reaction to bean rust. This was taken by assessing the degree of infection
causedby bean rust that infested the crop using the following scale used at BSU-IPB,
Highland Crop Research Station by Tandang, et al. in 2008.
Scale
Percent Infection
Description
1
No infection
High resistance
2
1-25% infection/plot
Moderate resistance
3
26-50% infection/plot
Mild resistance
4
51 - 75% infection/plot
Susceptible
5
76-100% infection/plot
Very susceptible
19. Return on Cash Expenses. This was computed using the following formula:
Gross sales- Total Expenses
ROCE= × 100%
Total Expenses
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
14
Analysis of Data
All quantitative datawerestatistically analyzed using analysis of variance
(ANOVA) for 4 x4 factor factorial inRandomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replications. The significance of differences among the treatment means were tested
using F test and the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
15
RESULTSAND DISCUSSION
A. At Storage
Weevil Infestation
All seeds of four varieties of pole snap bean mixed with different amountsof pine
wood strips during seed storage were highly resistant to weevil infestation throughout
five months of storage after harvest in a biscuit tin can at ordinary room
condition(Appendix Table 1).
Final Weight and Weight Lossof Seeds
No significant differences were noted in the final weight and weight lossof stored
seeds of different varieties of pole snap bean mixed with different amounts ofpine wood
strips (PWS)after five months of storage in a biscuit tin can under ordinary room
condition (Table 1). All four varieties of pole snap beans mixed with different amounts of
PWShad statistically similarfinal weight and weight lossafter five months of storage.
Probably seeds were properly dried that after five months of storage, they were not yet
infested with weevil.
No significant interaction effect of variety and PWS on the weight and weight
loss of stored seeds of pole snap beans were observed (Table 1).
B. Experimental Field
Percent Emergence
Significant differences were noted on the percent emergence of pole snap bean
mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips during seeds storage. Pole snap beans
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
16
Table 1. Final weight and weight loss of seeds of four varieties of pole snap bean mixed
with differentamountsof pine wood strips (PWS) after five months of storage
TREATMENT
WEIGHT OF STORED
WEIGHT LOSS OF
SEEDS (g)
STORED SEEDS (g)
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
123.77
1.24
12.5 123.72
1.40
25.0 123.58
1.35
50.0 123.57
1.34
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
123.73
1.01
Stone Hill black
123.61
1.46
Burik 123.61
1.46
Maroon 123.67
1.40
A x B
ns
ns
CV(%) 0.57
20.33
mixedwith 12.5g of pine wood strips had the highest percent emergence but comparable
to those of 50g of pine wood strips and no pine wood strips (Table 2). Seed mixed with
25g of pine wood strips had the lowest percent of emergence.
Maroon had the highest percent emergence but comparable to those of Stone Hill
black and Black Valentine which had statistically similar percent emergence with Burik.
The differences observed could be due to varietal characteristics.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
17
Table 2. Percent emergence of four varieties of pole snap beans mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
TREATMENT EMERGENCE
(%)
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
93.25a
12.5 94.08a
25.0 89.41b
50.0 93.16a
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
92.08ab
Stone Hill black
93.66a
Burik 89.66b
Maroon
94.58a
A x B
ns
CV %
4.04
*Means of the same letter not significantlydifferent from each other at 5% level of
significance using DMRT.
No significant interaction effect of variety and the pine wood strips were noted on
the percent emergence of pole snap beans (Table 2).
Number of Days from Sowing to Emergence,
to Flowering, from Emergence to Pod Setting,
and from Flowering to Pod Setting
The seeds of four pole snap bean varieties that were mixed with different amounts
of PWS emerged within six days after sowing. They all took 42-43 days from emergence
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
18
to flowering, 48 days to set pod and five to six days from flowering to set pod (Appendix
Table 5-7).
The number of days from sowing to emergence, from emergence to flowering,
from emergence to pod setting, and from flowering to pod setting were similar in
different varieties (Appendix Table 5-7). All the varieties emerged within six days after
sowing. Stone Hill black, Burik and Maroon flowered 42 days after emergence while
Black Valentine flowered one day later. Similar observation was noted on the days from
emergence to pod setting. Stone Hill black, Burik and Maroon produced pods within 47
days after sowing while Black Valentine produced pods two days later. The same result
was observed on the flowering to pod setting. Stone Hill black, Burik and Maroon
produced pods 5 days after flowering while Black valentine produced pods one day later.
Differences might be due to varietal characteristics of the pole snap bean varieties.
Days from Emergence to FirstHarvest
andfrom Emergence to LastHarvest
All the varieties of pole snap bean and the seeds treated with different amount of
BPWC during storage were first harvested at 56 DAE and last harvesting of pole snap
bean was done at 78 DAE.
Number of Flower per Cluster, Pods
per Cluster, and Percent Pod Set
No significant differences were noted on the number of flowers, pods per cluster
and percent pod set of the different varieties of pole snap bean mixed with pine wood
strips during seed storage. There were eight flowers per cluster, six pods per cluster and
71% pod setting (Table 3).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
19
The number of flower per cluster, pod per cluster, and percent pod set of different
varieties of pole snap beans testedwere not significantly different (Table 3). There were
eight flowers per cluster, six pods per cluster and 71% pod setting in the four varieties of
pole snap bean.
There was no interaction effect of variety and pine wood strips observed on the
number of flower per cluster, pod per cluster and percent pod set of pole snap bean
(Table 3).
Table 3.Number of flower per cluster, pods per cluster, and percent pod set of four
varieties of pole snap bean mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips
(PWS)during storage
NUMBER OF:
TREATMENT FLOWER
PER
POD PER
PERCENT POD
CLUSTER
CLUSTER
SET (%)
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
8
6
71
12.5 8
6
71
25.0 8
6
71
50.0 8
6
71
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
8
6
71
Stone Hill black
8
6
71
Burik 8
6
71
Maroon 8
6
71
A x B
ns
ns
ns
CV %
1.75
2.94
1.92
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
20
Number of Seeds per Pod
No significant differences were noted on the number of seeds per pod of the four
varieties of pole snap bean seeds mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (Table
4). There were eight seeds per pod that developed regardless of the amount of pine wood
strips.
Stone Hill black and Black Valentine had statistically high number of seeds per
pod (9) than Burik and Maroon. The differences might due to varietal characteristics.
Table 4.Number of seeds per podof four varieties of pole snap bean mixed
withdifferentamountsof pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
TREATMENT
NUMBER OF SEED PER POD
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
8
12.5
8
25.0
8
50.0
8
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
9a
Stone Hill black
9a
Burik 8b
Maroon
8b
A x B
ns
CV %
4.22
*Means of the same letter not significantlydifferent from each other at 5% level of
significance using DMRT.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
21
No significant interaction between the variety and pine wood strips was noted on
the number of seeds per pod of pole snap bean (Table 4).
Length and Width of Marketable Fresh Pods
No significant differences on the pod length and width of four varieties of pole
snap bean produced from seeds mixed with different amounts ofpine wood strips. The
length ranged from 17.99 to 18.23cm and the width ranged from 0.76 to 0.77cm (Table
5).
Stone Hill black and Black Valentine significantly had the longer pod than those
of Burik and Maroon (Table 5). Similar observation was noted in pod width. Stone Hill
black and Black Valentine had significantly wider pod than those of Burik and Maroon
(Table 5). The difference observed could be due to varietal characteristic.
No significant interaction effect of variety and pine wood strips on pod length and
width of marketable fresh pods of pole snap bean was noted (Table 5).
Weight of Marketable and Non-marketable
Fresh Pods and Total Yield per Plot
No significant differences were noted on the weight of marketable, non-
marketable and total yield of fresh pod per plot of the different varieties of pole snap
beans mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips during seeds storage. Treatment
of PWS did not significantly increase the yield of pole snap bean varieties.
No significant differences were also noted on the weight of the marketable, non-
marketable and the total yield of fresh pods per plot among different varieties of pole
snap beans evaluated (Table 6). All snap bean varieties studied produced around 9 kg
fresh pods/5m2 plots.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
22
Table 5.Length and width of marketable fresh podsof four varieties of pole snap bean
mixed with different amountsof pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
MARKETABLE FRESH POD
TREATMENT
LENGTH (cm)
WIDTH (cm)
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
18.23
0.77
12.5 18.07
0.77
25.0 18.21
0.76
50.0 17.99
0.77
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
19.45a
0.79a
Stone Hill black
19.89a
0.79a
Burik 17.00b
0.75b
Maroon 16.15b
0.73b
AxB ns
ns
CV% 2.87
2.03
No significant interaction effect of variety and pine wood strips was noted on the
weight of marketable, non-marketable and the total yield per plot of pole snap beans
(Table 6).
Reaction to Pod BorerInfestation
and Bean Rust Infection
No significant differences were noted on the reaction to pod borer and bean rust
of pole snap bean mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (Table 7).
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
23
Similarly,all PWS treatments resulted in moderate resistance to pod borer and bean rust
in pole snap bean (Table 7).
Highly significant differences on the reaction to pod borer were noted among the
four varieties of pole snap bean (Table 7). Stone Hill and Maroonwere observed to be
moderately resistant to pod borer while Black Valentine and Burik were mildly resistant.
All the varieties of pole snap bean evaluated exhibited was moderate resistance to bean
rust.
Table 6.Weight of marketable and non-marketable fresh pods and total yield per plot
(kg/m2) of four varieties of pole snap bean mixed with different amounts of pine
wood strips (PWS) during storage
FRESH POD YIELD (kg/5m2)
TREATMENT
MARKETABLE NON-
TOTAL
MARKETABLE
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
9.00
0.37
9.37
12.5 9.14
0.40
9.54
25.0 8.29
0.36
8.65
50.0 9.11
0.37
9.48
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
8.54
0.36
8.90
Stone Hill black
9.27
0.40
9.67
Burik 8.86
0.35
9.21
Maroon
8.87 0.39 9.26
A x B
ns
ns
ns
CV %
14.24
28.08
13.84
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
24
No significant interaction effect of the variety and pine wood strips was noted on
the reaction of pole snap bean to pod borer and bean rust (Table 7).
Return on Cash Expense
Seeds mixed with 12.5g pine wood strips and withoutPWS recorded the highest
ROCE. It was followed by those mixed with 50g of PWS. Seeds mixed with 3.12g of
PWS had the lowest ROCE (Table 8).
The return on cash expenses of four pole snap bean varieties is also shown in
Table 8. Stone Hill black registered the highest ROCE (30.10%) followed by Maroon
(24.49%) and Burik (24.21%). The lowest ROCE was obtained in producing Black
Valentine (19.86%). These results indicated the feasibility of growing four varieties of
pole snap bean mixed with different amounts of PWS during seed storage. All treatment
combination appeared to be profitable but mixing 12.5g of pine wood strips per kg of
pole snap bean resulted in highest ROCE because it produced high marketable fresh pods.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
25
Table 7.Reaction to pod borer infestation and bean rust infectionof four varieties of pole
snap bean mixed with different amountsof pine wood strips (PWS) during
storage
TREATMENT POD
BORER
BEAN
RUST
PWS (g/kg of seeds)
0 (Control)
Moderately resistant Moderate
resistance
12.5 Moderately
resistant
Moderate
resistance
25.0 Moderately
resistant
Moderate
resistance
50.0 Moderately
resistant
Moderate
resistance
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
Moderately resisant Moderate
resistance
Stone Hill black
Mildly resistant
Moderate resistance
Burik Mildly
resistant
Moderate
resistance
Maroon Moderately
resisant Moderate
resistance
A x B
ns
CV %
8.43
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
26
Table 8.Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) of pole snap bean varieties mixed with
different amount of pine wood strips (PWS)during storage
TREATMENT YIELD
VARIABLE
GROSS
NET
ROCE (%)
(kg/5m2)
COST
INCOME
INCOME
PWS (g/kg of
seeds)
0 (Control)
9.00
178.12
225.00
46.88
26.31
12.5 9.13
180.12
228.25
48.13
26.72
25.0 8.28
182.12
207.00
24.88
13.66
50.0 9.11
185.12
227.75
42.63
23.02
Variety (V)
Black Valentine
8.54
178.12
213.50
35.38
19.86
Stone Hill black
9.27
178.12
231.75
53.63
30.10
Burik 8.85
178.12
221.25
43.13
24.21
Maroon 8.87
178.12
221.75
43,63
24.49
*Variable cost includes seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, gasoline and labor
*Sales was based on average of 25 pesos per kilo
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
27
Table 9. Return on Cash Expenses(ROCE) of pole snap bean varieties mixed with
different amountsofpine wood strips(PWS) of during storage
TREATMENT YIELD VARIABLE
GROSS
NET
ROCE (%)
(kg/5m2)
COST
INCOME
INCOME
S1V1
9.45
178.12
236.25
58.13
32.63
V2
9.11 178.12 227.75 49.63 27.86
V3
6.61 178.12 215.25 37.13 20.84
V4
8.85 178.12 221.25 43.13 24.21
Mean
20.13
S2V1 8.85
180.12
221.25
41.13
22.83
V2 9.21
180.12
230.25
50.13
27.83
V3 9.23
180.12
230.75
50.63
28.10
V4
9.26 180.12 231.50 51.38 28.52
Mean
26.82
S3V1 7.36
182.12
184.00
1.88
1.03
V2 8.80
182.12
220.00
37.88
20.79
V3 8.81
182.12
220.25
38.13
20.93
V4
8.18 182.12 204.50 22.38 12.28
Mean
13.75
S4V1 8.50
185.12
212.50
27.38
14.79
V2 9.98
185.12
249.50
64.38
34.77
V3 8.78
185.12
219.50
34.38
18.57
V4
9.20 185.12 230.50 45.38 24.51
Mean
23.16
*Variable cost includes seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, gasoline and labor
*Sales was based on average of 25 pesos per kilo
Legend:
V1- Black valentine V3- BurikS1- 0 (Control) S3–25g
V2- Stone hill black V4- Maroon S2 – 12.5gS4 – 50g
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
28
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The pole snap bean seedsmixed with different amounts of pine wood strips were
apparentlyrated highly resistant to weevil infestation throughout five months of storage
after harvest. No significant differences were noted in the final weight and weight loss of
stored seeds of pole snap bean.
Mixing pine wood strips in a kg of pole snap bean seeds did not significantly
affectall the parameters measured except on the percent emergence. Pole snap beans
mixed with 12.5g of pine wood strips per kg of seeds had the highest percent emergence
but comparable to those of the control and 50gpine wood strips. Seed mixed with 25g of
pine wood strips had the lowest percent of emergence.The seeds of four pole snap bean
varieties that were mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips emerged within six
days after sowing. They all took 42 days to flower after emergence, 48 days to set pod
and five days from flowering to set pod. First harvesting of all the varieties studied was
done at 56 DAE and the last harvesting was also done on the same day, at 78 DAE.
The four varieties emerged at 6 DAE. Maroon andStone Hill black had
significantly higher percentemergence than Burik which was comparable with those of
Black Valentine. Stone Hill black, Burik and Maroon flowered in 42 DAE and set pods at
47 DAE. First harvesting of the four varieties of pole snap bean was done at 56 DAE
while last harvesting was done at the same time, at 78 DAE.The four varieties of pole
snap beans studied did not significantly differ in other characters measured except on the
number of seeds per pod and pod length and width. Black Valentine and Stone Hill black
had significantly higher seeds per pod (9) than Burik and Maroon which had eight seeds
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
29
per pod. They also had longer and wider pods than Burik and Maroon. Stone Hill black
and Maroon showed moderate resistance to pod borer whileBlack Valentine and Burik
exhibited mild resistance to pod borer. All varieties showed moderate resistance to bean
rust. Stone Hill black recorded the highest return in cash expenses (ROCE).
No significant interaction effect of varieties of pole snap bean and the different
amounts of pine wood strips used during seeds storagewas observed in all the parameters
measured. However, mixingStone Hill black with 50g pine wood stripsper kg of pole
snap bean resultedin highest ROCE (34.74%) although all treatment combinations
resulted in positive ROCE.
Conclusion
In this study, mixing pine wood strips to a kg of pole snap beandidnot affect the
growth and yield of pole snap bean except its percent emergence. Even without mixing
PWS on the pole snap bean seeds at five months of storage, comparable emergence of
seeds with 12.5g and 50g of PWS per kg of seeds resulted. Using 12.5g of PWS per kg of
pole snap bean seeds gave higher ROCE than other treatments.
The four varieties of pole snap beans evaluated differed in terms of percent
emergence, number of seeds per pod and pod length and width. Maroon and Stone Hill
black had significantly higher emergence than Burik and was comparable to Black
Valentine. Black Valentine and Stone Hill black had significantly higher number of seeds
per pod and longer and wider pods than Burik and Maroon. All the varieties gave positive
returns. Stone Hill black production resulted in highest ROCE (30.10%)
The PWS and variety of pole snap bean did not have a significant interaction
effect on germination, growth and yield of pole snap bean. However, positive ROCE
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
30
were recorded in all treatment combinations. Among them, Stone Hill black seeds stored
with 50g of PWS per kg of pole snap bean seed resulted in the highest ROCE (34.77%).
Recommendation
Based on the result of the study, it is recommended that a similar study with
longer duration of seed storage in more than five months be conducted in the future to
observe the effect of PWS in controlling weevil infestation in pole snap bean seeds
considering the amount of moisture loss in the seeds during storage. Although no
significant effect of PWS were observed in this study, mixing of 12.5g of PWS/kg of pole
snap bean seed would give higher ROCE. Any of the four varieties of pole snap bean
tested could be planted by the farmers in La Trinidad, Benguet but growing Stone Hill
black mixed with 50g of PWS per kg of seed would give the highest ROCE.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
31
LITERATURE CITED
ACAD, J. 2009. Moisture Content and Germination of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris
l.UnderDifferent Storage Condition.Retrieved June 30, 2011 from
http://www.idosi.org/ajps/2%284%2909%/4.pdf.
AMPOFO, J.K. 1992. Insect Pests of Bean.Retrieved June 30, 2011 from
http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.en.41.010196.000401?j
ournalCode=ento.
BALAGUE, T. B. 1990. Philippine Forest Resources.Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://www.nscb.gov.ph/peenra/Publications/Asset/forest.pdf.
BARTON, R. 1996. Initial Seeds Quality.Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://www.Agritech.tnau.ac.in/seed_certification/seed%20storage_storage%20f
actors.html.
BEYOND PEST CONTROL INC. 2009.Bean weevil.Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://www.nypestpro.com/bean weevul.html.
CALYA-EN, S. M. 2009. On-farm trial of promising varieties of pole snap bean varieties
in Balili, Mankayan, Benguet. BS Thesis. Benguet State University. La
Trinidad, Benguet.
CATNAS, E. 2009. Influence of animal urine and salt water seed treatment on the
Growth
and yield of organically grown pole snap bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris) in La Trinidad, Benguet. BS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet.
CANADIAN GRAIN COMMISSION. 2001.Crop Post Harvest. July 4, 2011
fromhttp;//www.ph/books?id=QYz9oajaat0C&pg=PA177&lpg=PA177&dq=ca
nadian+grain+commission+2001&sou
DAVID, S. 2007. Producing Seed Bean.Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://www.fao.org/sd/erp/toolkit/books/handbook_1_english.pdf.
DEMAND MEDIA, INC., 2011. How to Harvest Pole Snap Bean. Retrieved July 4,
2011 from http://www.ehow.com/how_5569028_harvest-snap-beans.html.
DURSUN, A. 2007.Variability, Heritability and Correlation Studies in Bean
Genotype.Retrieved June 30, 2011 from http://www.idosi.org/wjas/wjas
3/13.pdf.
FOODAND AGRICULTURALORGANIZATION. 2007. Green Bean Ecological Guide.
Retrieved June 20, 2011 from
http://www.vegetableipmasia.org/docs/Ecological%20Guide/Green%20Bean%2
0Integrated%20Pest%20Management.pdf.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
32
FARMERIK. 2007. LONG TERM SEED STORAGE. Retrieved July 4, 2011 from
http://seedforsecurity.com/article.php?articleid=27.
JEFFERSON, T. 2005. Dry Edible Beans. A High Value Alternative Legume.Retrieved
July 4, 2011 from http://www.Jeffersoninstitute.Org/ pubs/dry beans.shtml.
KAUFMAN, E.R. 2000.Organic Seed Treatment Notes.Retrieved June 30, 2011 from
http://www.grow seed.org/seed treatment notes.hmtl.
NERGAAD, P. 1997.Seed Phathology, vols.I, II.Jonh and Sons, New York.
SIMSIM, P. A. and J.G. BALAOING. 2007. Organic Fertilization on the Seed Quality of
Pole Snap Bean Phaseolus vulgaris (Var. Maccarao). BSU Research Journal.P.
56.
TANDANG, L. L. 2011. Personal Communication. September 14, 2011.
TANDANG, LL. 2007. New NSIC-approved variety of pole snap bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris) in Benguet, Philippines. Philippines Journal of Crop Science (PJCS)
December 2010. Pp. 57-63.
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
33
APPENDICES
Appendix Table 1. Weevil infestation during seed storageof four varieties of pole snap
bean mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS)
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1
1 1 1 3 1
S1V2
1 1 1 3 1
S1V3 1
1
1
3
1
S1V4
1 1 1 3 1
S2V1 1
1
1
3
1
S2V2 1
1
1
3
1
S2V3 1
1
1
3
1
S2V4 1
1
1
3
1
S3V1 1
1
1
3
1
S3V2 1
1
1
3
1
S3V3 1
1
1
3
1
S3V4 1
1
1
3
1
S4V1 1
1
1
3
1
S4V2 1
1
1
3
1
S4V3 1
1
1
3
1
S4V4 1
1
1
3
1
TOTAL 16
16
16
48
16
MEAN 1
1
1
3
1
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
34
Appendix Table 2.Final weight (g) of the stored seedof four varieties of pole snap bean
after 5 monthsmixed with different amounts of pine wood strips
(PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 123.75
123.87
124.75
372.37
124.12
S1V2 122.87
122.75
123.81
369.43
123.14
S1V3 122.75
124.75
124.75
372.25
124.08
S1V4
123.50 123.75 123.75 371.00 123.66
S2V1 123.75
124.75
123.25
371.75
123.91
S2V2 124.25
124.75
122.81
371.81
123.93
S2V3 123.87
122.81
122.93
369.61
123.20
2V4 123.87
122.81
123.87
371.55
123.85
S3V1 124.87
122.81
123.75
369.31
123.10
S3V2 122.75
122.75
123.75
370.25
123.41
S3V3 123.75
123.75
122.75
371.25
123.75
S3V4 124.75
123.75
123.75
372.25
124.08
S4V1 124.75
123.75
123.75
371.37
123.79
S4V2 123.87
123.75
124.37
371.87
123.95
S4V3 123.75
123.75
122.81
370.31
123.43
S4V4 123.75
122.81
122.75
369.31
123.10
TOTAL 1980.85
1977.36
1977.60
5935.81
1978.60
MEAN 123.80
123.48
123.60
370.98
123.66
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
35
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
124.12 123.91 123.1 123.79 494.92 123.73
V2
123.14 123.93 123.41 123.95 494.43 123.61
V3
124.08 123.2 123.75 123.43 494.46 123.62
V4
123.66 123.85 124.08 123.1 494.69 123.67
TOTAL
495 494.89 494.34 494.27 1978.5
MEAN 123.75
123.723
123.585
123.568 123.66
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.442
0.221
FACTOR A
3
0.315
O.105
0.21ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
0.115
0.038
0.07ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
5.778
0.642
1.28ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
14.975
O.99
TOTAL 47
21.624
ns = not significant CV = 0.57%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
36
Appendix Table 3. Final weight (g) lost of stored seed of four varieties of pole snap
beanmixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during
storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 1.25
1.13
0.25
2.63
0.87
S1V2 2.13
2.25
1.19
5.57
1.85
S1V3 2.25
0.25
0.25
2.75
0.91
S1V4
1.50 1.25 1.25 4.00 1.33
S2V1 1.25
0.25
1.75
3.25
1.08
S2V2 0.75
0.25
2.19
3.10
1.06
S2V3 1.13
2.19
2.07
5.39
1.79
S2V4 1.13
2.19
1.13
4.45
1.48
S3V1 0.13
2.19
1.25
3.57
1.19
S3V2 2.25
2.25
1.25
5.75
1.91
S3V3 1.25
1.25
2.25
4.75
1.58
S3V4 0.25
1.25
1.25
2.75
0.91
S4V1 0.25
1.25
1.25
2.75
0.91
S4V2 1.13
1.25
0.63
3.01
1.00
S4V3 1.25
1.25
2.19
4.69
1.56
S4V4 1.25
2.19
2.25
5.69
1.89
TOTAL 19.15
22.64
22.40
64.19
21.39
MEAN 1.21
1.41
1.40
4.02
1.33
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
37
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
0.87 1.08 1.19 0.91 4.05 1.01
V2
1.85 1.06 1.91 1 5.82 1.46
V3
0.91 1.79 1.58 1.56 5.84 1.46
V4
1.33 1.48 0.91 1.89 5.61 1.40
TOTAL 4.96 5.41 5.59 5.36 21.32
MEAN 1.24 1.35 1.40 1.34 1.33
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.475
FACTOR A
3
0.155
0.052
0.11ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
1.669
0.556
1.16ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
5.010
0.557
1.16ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
14.350
0.478
TOTAL 47
21.660
ns = not significant
CV = 20%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
38
Appendix Table 4. Percent of emergence of four varieties of pole snap beanmixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 93
91
98
282.00
94.00
S1V2 90
96
96
282.00
94.00
S1V3 88
86
98
272.00
90.66
S1V4
96 93 96
285.00
95.00
S2V1 90
94
94
278.00
92.66
S2V2 98
89
99
286.00
95.33
S2V3 97
89
97
283.00
94.33
S2V4 95
93
94
282.00
94.00
S3V1 80
93
97
270.00
90.0
S3V2 94
91
86
271.00
90.33
S3V3 85
80
85
250.00
83.33
S3V4 90
95
98
283.00
94.33
S4V1 90
88
97
275.00
91.66
S4V2 95
92
98
285.00
95.00
S4V3 92
87
92
271.00
90.33
S4V4 98
94
96
288.00
96.00
TOTAL 1471
1451
1521
4443
1481
MEAN 91.93
90.68
95.06
277.67
92.56
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
39
TWO
WAY
TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
94 92.66 90 91.66
368.32 92.08
V2
94 95.33
90.33 95 374.66 93.67
V3
90.66 94.33 83.33 90.33 358.65 89.66
V4
95 94
94.33
96
379.33 94.83
TOTAL
373.66 376.32 357.99 372.99 1480.96
MEAN 93.415
94.08
89.4975
93.2475 92.56
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 162.500
81.250
FACTOR A
3
154.729
81.576
3.68*
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
179.896
59.965
4.28**
3.04 4.06
AB 9
115.188
12.799
0.91ns
3.04 4.06
ERROR 30
419.500
13.983
TOTAL 47
1031.813
* = significant
CV = 4.04%
** = highly significant
ns = significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
40
Appendix Table 5.Days from sowing to emergence of pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 6
6
6
18
6.00
S1V2 6
6
6
18
6.00
S1V3 6
6
6
18
6.00
S1V4
6 6 6 18 6.00
S2V1 6
6
6
18
6.00
S2V2 6
6
6
18
6.00
S2V3 6
6
6
18
6.00
S2V4 6
6
6
18
6.00
S3V1 7
6
6
19
6.33
S3V2 6
7
6
19
6.33
S3V3 6
7
6
20
6.33
S3V4 6
6
6
18
6.00
S4V1 6
6
6
18
6.00
S4V2 6
6
6
18
6.00
S4V3 6
6
6
18
6.00
S4V4 6
6
6
18
6.00
TOTAL 98
98
96
292
97.33
MEAN 6.12
6.12
6.00
18.25
6.08
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
41
Appendix Table 6.Days from emergence to floweringof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 43
43
43
129
43
S1V2 42
42
42
126
42
S1V3 42
42
42
126
42
S1V4
42 42 42 126 42
S2V1 43
43
43
129
43
S2V2 42
42
42
126
42
S2V3 42
42
42
126
42
S2V4 42
42
42
126
42
S3V1 43
43
43
129
43
S3V2 42
42
42
126
42
S3V3 42
42
42
126
42
S3V4 42
42
42
126
42
S4V1 43
43
43
129
43
S4V2 42
42
42
126
42
S4V3 42
42
42
126
42
S4V4 42
42
42
126
42
TOTAL 676
676
676
2028
676
MEAN 42.25
42.25
42.25
126.75
42.25
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
42
Appendix Table 7.Days from flowering to pod settingof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 6
6
6
18
6
S1V2 5
5
5
15
5
S1V3 5
5
5
15
5
S1V4
5 5 5 15 5
S2V1 6
6
6
18
6
S2V2 5
5
5
15
5
S2V3 5
5
5
15
5
S2V4 5
5
5
15
5
S3V1 6
6
6
18
6
S3V2 5
5
5
15
5
S3V3 5
5
5
15
5
S3V4 5
5
5
15
5
S4V1 6
6
6
18
6
S4V2 5
5
5
15
5
S4V3 5
5
5
15
5
S4V4 5
5
5
15
5
TOTAL 83
83
83
249
83
MEAN 5.18
5.18
5.18
15.54
5.18
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
43
Appendix Table 8. Days from emergence to pod settingof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 49
49
49
147
49
S1V2 47
47
47
141
47
S1V3 47
47
47
141
47
S1V4
47 47 47 141 47
S2V1 49
49
49
147
49
S2V2 47
47
47
141
47
S2V3 47
47
47
141
47
S2V4 47
47
47
141
47
S3V1 49
49
49
147
49
S3V2 47
47
47
141
47
S3V3 47
47
47
141
47
S3V4 47
47
47
141
47
S4V1 49
49
49
147
49
S4V2 47
47
47
141
47
S4V3 47
47
47
141
47
S4V4 47
47
47
141
47
TOTAL
757 757
757
2271
757
MEAN 47.31
47.31
47.31
141.93
757
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
44
Appendix Table 9.Days from emergence to first harvestingof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 56
56
56
168
56
S1V2 56
56
56
168
56
S1V3 56
56
56
168
56
S1V4
56 56 56 168 56
S2V1 56
56
56
168
56
S2V2 56
56
56
168
56
S2V3 56
56
56
168
56
S2V4 56
56
56
168
56
S3V1 56
56
56
168
56
S3V2 56
56
56
168
56
S3V3 56
56
56
168
56
S3V4 56
56
56
168
56
S4V1 56
56
56
168
56
S4V2 56
56
56
168
56
S4V3 56
56
56
168
56
S4V4 56
56
56
168
56
TOTAL 896
896
896
2688
896
MEAN 56
56
56
158
56
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
45
Appendix Table 10.Days from emergence to last harvestingof pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 78
78
78
234
78
S1V2 78
78
78
234
78
S1V3 78
78
78
234
78
S1V4
78 78 78 234 78
S2V1 78
78
78
234
78
S2V2 78
78
78
234
78
S2V3 78
78
78
234
78
S2V4 78
78
78
234
78
S3V1 78
78
78
234
78
S3V2 78
78
78
234
78
S3V3 78
78
78
234
78
S3V4 78
78
78
234
78
S4V1 78
78
78
234
78
S4V2 78
78
78
234
78
S4V3 78
78
78
234
78
S4V4 78
78
78
234
78
TOTAL 1248
1248
1248
3744
1248
MEAN 78
78
78
234
78
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
46
Appendix Table 11.Number of flower per cluster of pole snap bean mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 7.9
8.4
8.3
24.60
8.2
S1V2 8.0
8.2
8.1
24.30
8.1
S1V3 8.0
8.3
8.5
24.80
8.2
S1V4
8.3 8.2 8.1 24.60 8.2
S2V1 8.3
8.3
8.3
24.90
8.3
S2V2 7.9
8.1
8.1
24.10
8.0
S2V3 8.4
8.1
8.2
24.70
8.2
S2V4 8.3
8.5
8.2
25.00
8.3
S3V1 8.0
8.5
8.3
24.80
8.2
S3V2 8.4
8.2
8.0
24.60
8.2
S3V3 8.3
8.3
8.3
24.90
8.3
S3V4 8.1
8.4
8.3
24.80
8.2
S4V1 8.3
8.3
8.3
24.90
8.3
S4V2 8.2
8.2
8.3
24.70
8.2
S4V3 8.3
8.2
8.3
24.80
8.2
S4V4 8.2
8.4
8.4
25.00
8.3
TOTAL 139.1
132.6
132.0
403.7
134.5
MEAN 8.6
8.2
8.2
25.0
8.20
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
47
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
8.20 8.30 8.20 8.30 33.00 8.25
V2
8.10 8.00 8.20 8.20 32.50 8.13
V3
8.20 8.20 8.30 8.20 32.90 8.23
V4
8.20 8.30 8.20 8.30 33.00 8.25
TOTAL 32.70 32.80 32.90 33.00 131.40
MEAN 8.18 8.20 8.22 8.25
8.20
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.093
0.046
FACTOR A
3
0.057
0.019
0.91ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
0.156
0.052
2.48ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
0.082
0.009
0.43ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
0.627
0.021
TOTAL 47
1.015
ns = not significant
CV = 1.75%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
48
Appendix Table 12.Number of pods per clusterof pole snap bean mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 5.5
6.1
5.9
17.50
5.83
S1V2 5.9
6.0
5.9
17.80
5.93
S1V3 5.5
6.0
6.1
17.60
5.86
S1V4
5.9 5.6 5.8 17.30 5.76
S2V1 6.0
5.8
5.9
17.70
5.90
S2V2 5.8
5.8
5.7
17.30
5.76
S2V3 5.9
5.8
5.8
17.50
5.83
S2V4 6.1
6.1
5.9
18.10
6.03
S3V1 5.8
6.0
6.0
17.80
5.93
S3V2 6.1
5.7
5.6
17.40
5.80
S3V3 5.9
5.9
5.8
17.60
5.86
S3V4 6.0
6.2
5.9
18.10
6.03
S4V1 6.0
5.8
6.1
17.90
5.96
S4V2 6.0
5.7
6.0
17.70
5.90
S4V3 6.1
5.8
5.8
17.70
5.90
S4V4 5.8
5.9
5.9
17.60
5.86
TOTAL
94.3 94.2 941 282.6 94.2
MEAN 5.8
5.8
5.8
17.5
5.88
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
49
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
5.83 5.90 5.93 5.96 23.62 5.91
V2
5.93 5.76 5.80 5.90 23.39 5.85
V3
5.86 5.83 5.86 5.90 23.45 5.86
V4
5.76 6.03 6.03 5.86 23.68 5.92
TOTAL 23.38 23.52 23.62 23.62 94.14
MEAN 5.85 5.88 5.91 5.91 5.88
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.001
0.001
FACTOR A
3
0.027
0.009
0.30ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
0.044
0.015
0.49ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
0.221
0.025
0.82 ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
0.899
0.030
TOTAL 47
1.192
ns = not significant
CV = 2.94%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
50
Appendix Table 13.Percentage pod set per clusterof pole snap beanmixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 69.62
72.61
71.08
213.31
71.10
S1V2 73.75
73.17
72.83
219.75
73.25
S1V3 68.75
72.28
71.76
212.79
70.93
S1V4
71.08 68.29 71.60 210.97 70.32
S2V1 72.28
69.87
71.08
213.23
71.07
S2V2 73.41
71.60
70.37
215.38
71.79
S2V3 70.23
71.60
70.73
212.56
70.85
S2V4 73.49
71.76
71.95
217.20
72.40
S3V1 72.50
70.58
72.28
215.36
71.78
S3V2 72.61
69.51
70.00
212.12
70.70
S3V3 71.08
71.08
72.28
214.44
71.48
S3V4 74.07
73.80
71.08
218.95
72.98
S4V1 72.28
69.87
73.49
215.64
71.88
S4V2 73.17
69.51
72.28
214.96
71.65
S4V3 73.49
70.23
69.87
213.59
71.19
S4V4 70.73
70.23
70.23
211.19
70.39
TOTAL 1152.54
1135.99
1142.41
3431.44
1143.81
MEAN 72.03
70.99
71.43
214.45
71.49
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
51
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
71.1 71.07 71.78 71.88 285.83 71.46
V2
73.25 71.79 70.7 71.65 287.39 71.85
V3
70.93 70.85 71.48 71.19 284.45 71.11
V4
70.32 72.4 72.98 70.39 286.09 71.52
TOTAL
285.60 286.11 286.94 285.11 1143.76
MEAN
71.40 71.53 71.74 71.28
71.49
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication
2
8.636 4.318
FACTOR A 3
1.379
0.460
0.24
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B 3
3.275
1.092
0.57
3.04 4.06
AB
9
27.776
3.086
1.63
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
56.603 1.888
TOTAL 47
97.669
ns = not significant
CV = 1.92%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
52
Appendix Table 14. Total number of seeds per podof pole snap bean mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 8.7
8.6
8.5
25.80
8.60
S1V2 9.2
9.3
8.5
27.00
9.00
S1V3 8.6
7.7
8.2
24.50
8.16
S1V4
7.7 8.3 7.9 23.90 7.96
S2V1 8.9
8.8
9.2
26.90
8.96
S2V2 9.4
8.7
8.4
26.50
8.33
S2V3 8.5
8.3
8.1
24.90
8.30
S2V4 8.4
7.9
7.7
24.00
8.00
S3V1 8.8
9.1
8.5
26.40
8.80
S3V2 8.9
9.5
8.5
26.90
8.96
S3V3 7.9
7.7
8.3
23.90
7.96
S3V4 7.8
7.7
8.1
23.60
7.86
S4V1 9.2
8.7
8.4
26.30
8.76
S4V2 8.9
9.3
8.2
26.40
8.80
S4V3 7.6
7.7
8.2
23.50
7.83
S4V4 7.7
8.3
7.6
23.60
7.86
TOTAL 136.2
135.6
132.3
404.1
134.7
MEAN 8.5
8.4
8.2
25.1
8.38
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
53
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
8.6 8.96 8.8 8.76 35.12 8.78
V2
9 8.33
8.96 8.8
35.09 8.77
V3
8.16 8.3 7.96 7.83 32.25 8.06
V4
7.96 8 7.86
7.86
31.68 7.92
TOTAL 33.72 33.59 33.58 33.25 134.14
MEAN 8.43 8.40 8.40 8.31 8.38
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.551
0.276
FACTOR A
3
0.267
0.089
0.70ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
8.787
2.929
23.15**
3.04 4.06
AB 9
0.452
0.050
0.40ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
3.795
0.127
TOTAL 47
13.853
ns = not significant
CV = 4.22%
** = highly significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
54
Appendix Table 15. Length (cm) of marketable pods of pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 19.75
19.22
19.84
58.81
19.60
S1V2 20.32
19.84
20.72
60.88
20.29
S1V3 17.33
16.73
16.88
50.94
16.98
S1V4
16.11 16.28 15.75 48.14 16.04
S2V1 19.84
19.62
19.24
58.70
19.56
S2V2 19.36
19.18
20.40
58.94
19.64
S2V3 16.81
17.35
16.99
51.15
17.05
S2V4 16.24
16.07
15.80
48.11
16.03
S3V1 18.64
19.47
20.71
58.82
19.60
S3V2 19.72
19.02
20.61
59.35
19.78
S3V3 17.16
17.11
17.13
51.40
17.13
S3V4 16.65
16.39
15.95
48.99
16.33
S4V1 19.77
19.70
19.65
57.12
19.04
S4V2 20.17
19.46
19.97
59.60
19.86
S4V3 16.80
17.06
16.76
50.62
16.87
S4V4 16.17
16.26
16.13
48.56
16.18
TOTAL 291.04
288.76
292.56
87236
290.78
MEAN 18.19
18.04
18.28
54.51
18.12
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
55
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
19.6 19.56 19.6 19.04 77.80 19.45
V2
20.29 19.64 19.78 19.86 79.57 19.89
V3
16.98 17.05 17.13 16.87 68.03 17.01
V4
16.04 16.03 16.33 16.18 64.58 16.15
TOTAL 72.91 72.28 72.84 71.95 289.98
MEAN
18.23 18.07 18.21 17.99
18.12
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.580
0.290
FACTOR A
3
0.471
0.157
0.58ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
120.649
40.216
148.61**
3.04 4.06
AB 9
1.200
0.133
0.49ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
8.118
0.271
TOTAL 47
131.019
ns = not significant
CV = 2.87%
** = highly significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
56
Appendix Table 16. Width (cm) of marketable pods of pole snap bean mixed with
different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 0.77
0.78
0.78
2.33
0.77
S1V2 0.83
0.83
0.78
2.44
0.81
S1V3 0.77
0.77
0.72
2.26
0.75
S1V4
0.75 0.71
0.75
2.21 0.73
S2V1 0.82
0.82
0.76
2.40
0.80
S2V2 0.79
0.79
0.78
2.36
0.78
S2V3 0.80
0.75
0.74
2.29
0.76
S2V4 0.74
0.74
0.73
2.21
0.73
S3V1 0.81
0.80
0.76
2.37
0.79
S3V2 0.78
0.78
0.76
2.32
0.77
S3V3 0.75
0.75
0.72
2.22
0.74
S3V4 0.76
0.74
0.72
2.22
0.74
S4V1 0.80
0.81
0.79
2.40
0.80
S4V2 0.81
0.83
0.78
2.42
0.80
S4V3 0.75
0.76
0.73
2.24
0.74
S4V4 0.77
0.74
0.72
2.23
0.74
TOTAL 12.50
12.40
12.02
36.92
12.30
MEAN 0.78
0.77
0.75
2.3
0.77
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
57
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
0.77 0.8 0.79 0.8 3.16 0.79
V2
0.81 0.78 0.77 0.8 3.16 0.79
V3
0.75 0.76 0.74 0.74 2.99 0.75
V4
0.73 0.73 0.74 0.74 2.94 0.74
TOTAL 3.06 3.07 3.04 3.08 12.25
MEAN 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.77 0.77
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication
2
0.008 0.004
FACTOR
A
3
0.001 0.000 1.66ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR
B
3
0.029 0.010 39.52**
3.04 4.06
AB
9
0.004 0.000 1.78ns
3.35 4.06
ERROR 30
0.007 0.000
TOTAL 47
0.049
ns = not significant
CV = 2.03%
** = highly significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
58
Appendix Table 17. Weight of marketable pods (kg/5m2 plot)of pole snap beanmixed
with different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 11.60
8.60
8.15
28.35
9.45
S1V2 10.20
7.35
9.80
27.35
9.11
S1V3 10.30
8.05
7.50
25.85
8.61
S1V4
10.15 7.60 8.80 26.55 8.85
S2V1 9.80
9.60
7.15
26.55
8.85
S2V2 8.00
9.60
10.05
27.65
9.21
S2V3 9.85
7.25
10.60
27.70
9.23
S2V4 10.10
10.05
7.65
27.80
9.26
S3V1 5.85
7.25
9.00
22.10
7.36
S3V2 9.45
9.20
7.75
26.40
8.80
S3V3 8.80
10.10
7.55
26.45
8.81
S3V4 9.05
7.00
8.50
24.55
8.18
S4V1 8.60
7.45
9.45
25.50
8.50
S4V2 11.25
9.65
9.05
29.95
9.98
S4V3 8.95
9.45
7.95
26.35
8.78
S4V4 10.15
7.75
9.70
27.60
9.20
TOTAL 152.10
135.95
138.65
426.70
142.23
MEAN 9,50
8.49
8.66
26.65
8.89
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
59
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
9.45 8.85 7.36 8.5 34.16 8.54
V2
9.11 9.21 8.8 9.98 37.10 9.28
V3
8.61 9.23 8.81 8.78 35.43 8.86
V4
8.85 9.26 8.18 9.2 35.49 8.87
TOTAL 36.02 36.55 33.15 36.46 142.18
MEAN 9.01 9.14 8.29 9.12 8.89
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 9.354
4.677
FACTOR A
3
5.841
1.947
1.21ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
3.285
1.095
0.68ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
6.167
0.685
0.43ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
48.072
1.602
TOTAL 47
72.720
ns = not significant
CV = 14.24%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
60
Appendix Table 18.Weight of non-marketable pods (kg/5m2 plot) of pole snap bean
mixed with different amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during
storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 0.25
0.55
0.25
1.05
0.35
S1V2 0.55
0.35
0.35
1.25
0.41
S1V3 0.35
0.45
0.35
1.15
0.38
S1V4
0.30 0.35 0.35 1.00 0.33
S2V1 0.30
0.60
0.40
1.30
0.43
S2V2 0.40
0.45
0.45
1.30
0.43
S2V3 0.60
0.35
0.35
1.30
0.43
S2V4 0.45
0.25
0.30
1.00
0.33
S3V1 0.15
0.40
0.30
0.85
0.28
S3V2 0.45
0.50
0.15
1.10
0.36
S3V3 0.15
0.30
0.40
0.85
0.28
S3V4 0.50
0.60
0.45
1.55
0.51
S4V1 0.35
0.50
0.35
1.20
0.40
S4V2 0.40
0.35
0.45
1.20
0.40
S4V3 0.25
0.35
0.30
0.90
0.30
S4V4 0.30
0.50
0.40
1.20
0.40
TOTAL 5.75
6.85
5.60
18.20
6.06
MEAN 0.35
0.42
0.35
1.12
0.38
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
61
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
0.35 0.43 0.28 0.4 1.46 0.37
V2
0.41 0.43 0.36 0.4 1.60 0.40
V3
0.38 0.43 0.28 0.3 1.39 0.35
V4
0.33 0.33 0.51 0.4 1.57 0.39
TOTAL 1.47 1.62 1.43 1.50 6.02
MEAN 0.37 0.41 0.36 0.38 0.38
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.058
0.029
FACTOR A
3
0.015
0.005
0.43ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
0.023
0.008
0.67ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
0.143
0.16
1.40ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
0.340
0.011
TOTAL 47
0.579
ns = not significant
CV = 28.08%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
62
Appendix Table 19. Total yield (kg/5m2plot)of pole snap bean mixed with different
amounts of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 11.85
9.15
8.40
29.40
9.80
S1V2 10.75
7.70
10.15
28.60
9.53
S1V3 10.65
8.50
7.85
27.00
9.00
S1V4
10.55 7.95 9.15 27.65 9.21
S2V1 10.10
10.20
7.55
27.85
9.28
S2V2 8.40
10.05
10.50
28.95
9.65
S2V3 10.45
7.40
10.95
28.80
9.60
S2V4 10.55
10.30
7.95
28.80
9.60
S3V1 6.00
7.65
9.30
22.95
7.65
S3V2 9.90
9.70
7.90
27.50
9.16
S3V3 8.95
10.10
7.95
27.00
9.00
S3V4 9.55
7.60
8.95
26.10
8.70
S4V1 8.95
7.95
9.80
26.70
8.90
S4V2 11.65
10.00
9.50
31.15
10.38
S4V3 9.20
9.80
8.25
27.25
9.08
S4V4 10.45
8.25
10.10
28.80
9.60
TOTAL 157.95
142.30
144.25
444.50
148.16
MEAN 9.87
8.89
9.01
27.77
9.26
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
63
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
9.80 9.28 7.65 8.90 35.63 8.91
V2
9.53 9.65 9.16 10.38 38.72 9.68
V3
9.00 9.60 9.00 9.08 36.68 9.17
V4
9.21 9.60 8.70 9.6 37.11 9.28
TOTAL 37.54 38.13 34.51 37.96 148.14
MEAN 9.39 9.53 8.63 9.49 9.26
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 9.092
4.546
FACTOR A
3
6.511
2.170
1.32ns
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
3.734
1.245
0.76ns
3.04 4.06
AB 9
5.774
0.642
0.39ns
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30
49.298
1.643
TOTAL 47
74.410
ns = not significant
CV = 13.84%
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
64
Appendix Table 20.Reaction to pod borerof pole snap beanmixed with different amounts
of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S1V2 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S1V3 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S1V4
2 2 2
6.00
2.00
S2V1 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S2V2 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S2V3 4
3
3
10.00
3.33
S2V4 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S3V1 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S3V2 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S3V3 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S3V4 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S4V1 3
3
3
9.00
3.00
S4V2 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
S4V3 2
3
3
8.00
2.66
S4V4 2
2
2
6.00
2.00
TOTAL 41.00
40.00
40.00
121.00
40.33
MEAN 2.56
2.50
2.50
7.56
2.52
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
65
TWO WAY TABLE
PWS
VARIETY
TOTAL MEAN
S1
S2
S3
S4
V1
3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 12.00 3.00
V2
2.00 2.00 2.00 2.oo 8.00 2.00
V3
3.00 3.33 3.00 2.66 11.99 3.00
V4
2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 8.00 2.00
TOTAL 10.00
10.33
10.00
9.66
39.99
MEAN 2.50 2.58 2.50 2.42 2.50
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE
SOURCE
DEEGREES
SUM MEAN
F
TABULAR F
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
VALUE
0.05 0.01
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARE
Replication 2 0.00 0.00
FACTOR A
3
0.167
0.05
1.25
3.04 4.06
FACTOR B
3
12.00
4.00
90.00
3.04 4.06
AB
9
0.50
0.05
1.25
3.35 4.45
ERROR 30 1.33
0.044
TOTAL 47
14.00
ns = not significant
CV = 8.43%
** = highly significant
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
66
Appendix Table 21.Reaction to bean rustof pole snap bean mixed with different amounts
of pine wood strips (PWS) during storage
REPLICATION
TREATMENT I
II III TOTAL MEAN
S1V1
2
2
2
6
2
S1V2 1
1
1
3
1
S1V3 2
2
2
6
2
S1V4
1 1 1 3 1
S2V1 2
2
2
6
2
S2V2 1
1
1
3
1
S2V3 2
2
2
6
2
S2V4 1
1
1
3
1
S3V1 2
2
2
6
2
S3V2 1
1
1
3
1
S3V3 2
2
2
6
2
S3V4 1
1
1
3
1
S4V1 1
2
2
6
2
S4V2 1
1
1
3
1
S4V3 2
2
2
6
2
S4V4 1
1
1
3
1
TOTAL 24
24
24
72
24
MEAN 1.5
1.5
1.5
4.5
1.5
Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixed with Pine Wood Strips
During Seed Storage /Ronnie C. Abellera. 2012
Document Outline
- Growth and Yield of Pole Snap Bean Mixedwith Pine Wood Strips During Seed Storage
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTSAND DISCUSSION
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES