BIBLIOGRAPHY GAYDAO, WILLER L. APRIL 2012.Growth...
BIBLIOGRAPHY
GAYDAO, WILLER L. APRIL 2012.Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by
the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched with Processed Chicken Manure in
Balili, La Trinidad Benguet. Benguet State University La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Guerzon A. Payangdo, MSc.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to determine the growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure;
determine the best rate of Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure on the
growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria); and to determine the profitability of using Alnus
compost enriched with processed chicken manure on potato production.
The different rates of Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure
applied on the potato plants showed no significant effect on plant height, plant vigor, leaf
miner infestation and potato late blight infection. Significant effect was shown on the
number and weight of marketable tubers. Application of 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg
of processed chicken manure produced the highest number of marketable tubers and gave
the heaviest total yield. Highest ROCE was obtained from potato plants applied with 5kg
Alnus compost plus 5kg of processed chicken manure.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography…..………………………………………………………………….. i
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………..…. i
Table of Contents………………………………………………………………….. ii
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………. 1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE……………………………………………………… 3
Importance to Soil Requirements………………………………………….. 3
Organic Fertilizer Usage to Potato………………………………………… 3
Use of Organic Matter and Sources……………………………………….. 4
Beneficial Effects of organic Fertilizer …………………………………… 4
Benefits of Using Alnus Compost…………………………….…………… 5
MATERIALS AND METHODS……………………………………………….… 7
Land Preparation………………………………………………………..… 7
Experimental Lay-out………………………………..…………………… 7
Data Gathered…………………………………………………………….. 8
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION………………………………………………….. 12
Meteorological Data…………………………….………………………. 12
Soil Analysis …………………………………………….…..………......... 13
Percent Survival at 30 DAP………………………………………………. 14
Plant Height at 30 and 75 DAP……………………………………………. 14
Canopy Cover at 30,45, 60
and 75 DAP…………………………….....……………………………… 15
Plant Vigor at 30, 45, 60
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched with
Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
and 75 DAP……………………...…………..…………………………….. 16
Reaction to Leaf miner at 30,45
60 and 75 DAP……………….……………………………………………. 16
Reaction to Late blight at 30,45
60 and 75 DAP…………………………………………………………..... 16
Number of Marketable tubers……………………………………………... 18
Number of Non-Marketable tubers………………………………………… 19
Weight of Marketable and
Non-marketable tubers………………………………..…………….…….. 20
Total and Computed Yield………………..……………………………….. 21
Return on Cash Expenses………………………………………………….. 21
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………………. 23
Summary…………………………………………………………………... 23
Conclusions……………………………………………………………….. 23
Recommendations………………………………………………………… 23
LITERATURE CITED…………………………………………………………… 24
APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………. 26
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched with
Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
1
INTRODUCTION
Potatoes have a potential and strong role to play in agriculture, economy and food
security, especially in the poorest countries (SONAC News, 2008). In addition, FAO
(2008) stated that potato is a staple food of the world’s population, affirming the need to
focus world attention on the role that it plays in providing food security and eradicating
poverty.
In Benguet and Mountain Province it is one of the cash crops grown by the
farmers (Simongo, et al., 2009). The production of this crop gives farmers a higher
income compare with other crops in the highlands.
Potato farming in Benguet usually involves an intensive use of chicken manure
and synthetic fertilizers. Benguet potato farmers tend to use these inorganic fertilizers due
to their availability and accessibility. However, the increasing cost of these fertilizers, not
to mention their harmful effects to the environment, increases the demand for an
alternative low cost fertilizer which is not only safe but also equally or more effective
than inorganic fertilizers.
The use of Alnus compost and processed chicken manure (PCM) may serve as an
alternative to synthetic fertilizers in potato production. The proper application of these
fertilizers may also contribute to lower inputs of production leading to higher profit.
Furthermore, Alnus compost and PCM contain quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium, and organic matter which help improve soil properties making it suitable for
potato production.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
2
The objective of the study were to:
1. determine the growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with Processed Chicken Manure;
2. determine the best rate of Alnus compost enriched with Processed Chicken
Manure on the growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria); and
3. determine the profitability of using Alnus compost enriched with Processed
Chicken Manure on potato production.
The study was conducted from January 2011 to March 2011 at Benguet State
University, Balili Experimental Station, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Importance and Soil Requirement
The potato has a wide range of soil adaptation for optimum yield, deep well
drained or a sandy loam soil with ph of 5.5 to 6.0 is required. A fertile soil rich in organic
matter is essential for good growth. Average temperature ranges between 15 °C to 18 °C
(PCARRD, 1979) but also grows best at temperature of 17 °C to 22 °C with soil of 13 oC
to 18 oC (NPRTC, 1998).
In addition HARRDEC (1996) stated that the recommended for potato ranges
from 17 oC to 23 oC.
Organic Fertilizer Usage in Potato
According to Ebbes (2000) found that application of 8 to 10 t/ha of alnus compost
plus 140-140-140 N –P2O5-K2O/ha had the highest number and weight of mean of super
extra –large potato tubers with 98 and 13kg 90 and 13kg respectively . As to the result of
soil chemical properties analysis, application of 6 to 8/ha Alnus compost plus 140-140-
140 kg N-P2O5K2O/ha promote an increase on the potassium content.
Betayan (2009) reported that increasing the rate of vermi compost to from 5-20 tons/ha
had improved the growth of potato and enhanced the initial and final height of the plant.
Use of Organic Matter and Sources
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
4
Compost application replenishes soil organic matter and humus being depleted
with continous cropping. Application of compost also activates soil microorganisms
consequently increasing the availability of nutrients that plants feed on (Marquez, 1998).
In addition, Sangatnan and Sangatnan stated that (2000) application of compost improves
the physiological, chemical and biological condition of the soil besides providing plant
nutrients. The humus in compost serve as the colloidal material with negative electric
charge and coagulated with cation and soil particles to form granules. Soil with more
granules is sticky, high buffering capacity, and has better permeability and greater water
holding capacity. It is capable of regulating plant growth and preventing disease
occurrence.
Manure is another source of organic matter made up of about 75% water and 25%
organic matter. In one ton average manure, these are 1500 pounds of organic matter
containing about 12 pounds of nitrogen and potash and 5 pounds of phosphoric acid with,
sulfur and trace elements (Bear, 1990).
Beneficial Effects of Organic Fertilizer
Soil organic matter has a variable effect on available water in soil. It is generally a
positive relationship but soil properties, notably texture. One experiment, for example
found organic matter to influence available water only in soils of medium to low clay
content (Ohio State University, 2004).
Newsome (2009), reported that organic fertilizers add the nutrients to the soil that
plant used to be more productive. These vital nutrients include phosphorus, nitrogen and
potassium. These nutrients allow the plant to grow larger, blooming flowers and larger
fruits. Not only does the quality increased, but so do the quantity allowing the grower to
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
5
harvest more and better fruits and flowers. Plants receiving the proper amounts of
nutrients potassium grow tougher cell walls and coarser vegetation. This makes them
much more resistant to pest and diseases. Plants receiving enough phosphorus, water
more efficiently, allows them to survive cold and dry spells. Organic fertilizers have
positive effects on all types of soil. Loosen soils such as sand, are held together better by
a strong root system that promotesnitrogen. In this case, the fertilizer helps the plants
grow stronger and also helps slow erosion. Soils that is denser and harder to penetrate,
such as clay may be loosened up by similar as root structure. In this case, the soil
becomes more easily markable for farming and also more oxygenated to promote
synthesis. Organic fertilizer releases their nutrients slowly and consistently. Organic
fertilizer keeps plant growing healthy and productive longer into the season despite
changing weather and soil temperature. Organic fertilizer breakdown slowly, which
means they need to be applied much less frequently than other types of fertilizer.
Organic Production practices maximize the use and recycling of a farm nutrients
sources, including animal manure and green manures. Techniques such as accurate soil
analysis and nutrients crediting help producers. Avoidance of excess fertilizer
applications for sustainable farming methods includes building and conserving practices
such as adding management (NSAI, 2005).
Benefits of Using Alnus Compost
Alnus compost is abundant in the highland that can be good source of organic
nitrogen. Alnus is easy to compost and it hastens decomposition (Marcelino, 1995). At
present, alnus compost has been discovered as good source of organic fertilizer,otherwise
it is friendly to the environment and also controls some plant diseases. According to the
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
6
study conducted by Dida (1998), the population and incidence of black scurf on potato
tuber decrease with increasing level of alnus compost applied. Alnus compost has a ph of
4.6, 50% organic matter, 2.5% nitrogen, 7.0 phosphorous and 3.36% potassium as cited
by Mercardo (1996).
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
7
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Land Preparation
An area of 150m2 was thoroughly prepared before planting. The area was divided
into three blocks, which corresponds to three replications. Each block consisted of five
plots measuring 1m x 10m.The different rates of Alnus compost enriched with
Processed Chicken Manure (PCM) was basally applied per plot following the treatment
arrangement before planting. The nutrient analysis of Alnus compost and PCM were the
following:
NPKphOrganic matter
Alnus compost 2.5% 7.0% 3.36% 4.6 50%
PCM 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% 6.5-7 20%
All other cultural practices such as weeding, irrigation, hilling up, insects and
disease control was employed during the conduct of the study.
The potato seed tubers with equal length of sprouts and number were planted at a
distance of 30cm x 30cm between hills and rows at the depth of two inches.
Experimental Lay-out
The experiment was laid -out following the Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD).
The following treatments replicated three times were:
T1- 5kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
T2- 10kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
T3- 15kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
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T4- 20kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
T5- 25kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
Data Gathered
1. Agro- climatic data. Temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were taken
from Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
(PAG- ASA) at Benguet State University (BSU).
2. Soil chemical properties. Soil samples were taken from the experimental area
before and right after harvest. The organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium
content of the soil and ph was analyzed at the Soils Laboratory, Department of
Agriculture, City of San Fernando, La Union.
3. Percent survival. This was taken by counting the number of plants that survived
three weeks after planting using the formula:
Total number of plants survived
%
Survival
=
x
100
Total number of tubers planted per plot
4. Initial height (cm). Ten sample plantswere measured from base to the tip of the
longest shoots at 30 days using meter stick.
5. Final height (cm).Ten sample plants were measured from the base to the tip of
the plant one week after harvest using meter stick.
6. Canopy cover (%). This was gathered at 30, 45, 60, 70 days after planting with
the use of wooden frame at 120cm x 60 cm with equal- sized grids.
7. Plant vigor. This was recorded at 30, 45, 60, and 75 days after planting using
the CIP (2000) rating scale.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
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ScaleDescriptionRemarks
1 Plants are weak with few stem Poor vigor
and leaves; very pale
2 Plants are weak with few thin stems Less vigorous
and leaves pale
3 Better than less vigorous Moderate vigorous
4 Plants are moderately strong with Vigorous
robust stems and leaves:
5 Plants are strong with robust stem and leaves; Highly vigorous
Leaves are light to dark green color.
8. Leaf miner Infestation. This was observed and recorded at 30, 45, 60, and 75
DAP using the following scale (CIP, 2000):
ScaleDescriptionRemarks
1 Less infested (1-20%) Resistant
2 Infested (20-40%) Moderately resistance
3 Moderately infested (41-60%) Intermediate
4 Severely infested (61-80%) Moderate susceptibility
5 Most serious Susceptible
9. Late Blight Infection. This was observed and recorded at 30, 45, 60 and 75
days after planting using the CIP rating scale (Henfling, 1987):
Late Blight InfectionCIP ScaleDescription corresponding symptoms
0 1
No late blight observed.
Trace -<5 2
Late blight present. Maximum 10 lesions per
Plant.
5-<25 3
Plants look healthy, but lesions are easily seen
at a closer distance. Maximum foliage area is
affected by lesions or destroyed.
It corresponds to no more than 20 leaflets .
15-35 4
Late blight is easily seen on most plants.
About 25% of foliage is covered with lesions.
35-<65 5
Treatments look green; however all plants are
affected leaves are dead. About half the
foliage are destroyed.
65-<85 6
Treatments look green with brown flecks.
About 75% of each plant is affected. Leaves
of the lower half of the plants are destroyed.
85-<95 7
treatments are neither predominantly green
Nor brown. Only top leaves are green. Many
have large lesions.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
10
95-<100 8
Treatments are look brown-colored. A few top
Leaves still have green areas. Most stems have
lesions or are dead.
100 9
All leaves and stems are dead.
Descriptions: 1=highly resistant; 2-3= resistant; 4-5= moderately resistant; 6-7=
moderately susceptible; 8-9= susceptible
10. Number and weight of marketable tuber per 10m2. This was taken bycounting
and weighing the tubers from extra large to marble- sized, not malformed and free from
natural cracks and with no more than 10% greening of the total surface at harvest.
11. Number and weight of non- marketable tubers per 10m2. This was obtained by
counting and weighing all tubers that has natural cracks, malformed and damaged by pest
and disease.
12. Total yield per 10m2 (kg.). This was recorded by getting the weight of
marketable and non- marketable tubers.
13. Computed yield (10 / ha). This was obtained by using the following formula:
Total
yield
10,000
Yield (t/ha) =
x
10m2
1,000
14. Return on cash expenses. This was obtained through the following formula:
Gross sales -Total expenses
ROCE =
x 100
Total expenses
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
11
Data Analysis
All quantitative data were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance for the
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The significance of
differences among treatment means was tested using the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test
(DMRT) at 5% level of significance.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
12
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Meteorological Data
Table 1 shows the temperature, relatively humidity and rainfall at Balili, La
Trinidad, Benguet during the conduct of the study from January 2011 to March 2011.
Minimum temperature ranges from 13oC to 15oC while the maximum temperature ranges
from 17.7oC to 25.7oC. The average temperature ranges from 13.30oC to 22.0oC. The
lowest relative humidity was noted in January at 80% while the highest relative humidity
was in February at 87%. The longest sunshine duration was noted in the month of
January at 368.3 minutes while the shortest sunshine duration was noted in the month of
February with a 214.2 minutes. Potatogrow best in areas with temperature ranging from
17oC to 22oC and average relative humidity of 86%. The temperature, relative humidity,
rainfall and sunshine duration during the conduct of the study favors the production
requirements of the potato especially the temperature. Hence, the favorable
environmental conditionenhanced better accumulation of carbohydrates and dry matter of
the tubers (HARRDEC, 1996).
Table 1. Meteorological data during the conduct of the study from January to March 2011
MONTH
TEMP.
RELATIVE
RAINFALL
DAILY
MIN. MAX. AVE.
HUMIDITY
AMOUNT
SUNSHINE
oCoCoC
(%)
(mm)
DURATION
(min)
January
15.5 25.7 20.60
80
0.1
368.3
February
8.9 17.7 13.30
87
Trace
214.2
March
13.3 23.0 22.0
82
0.1
253.0
Source:Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical ServicesAdministration (PAG-ASA)
BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
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Soil Analysis
Table 2 shows the of soil chemical properties before and after the application of
Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure (PCM). The soil texture is
medium, pH is 6.0, electrical current is 30 ms/ cm, % organic matter is 2.0, phosphorous
is 290 parts per million and potassium is148 ppm before the application of processed
chicken manure (PCM). The result of soil analysis after harvest show that the soil texture
is medium wherein the soil has a mixture of clay, silt, sand and humus referred to as loam
and contain the nutrients necessary for plant roots with air pockets between the particles
that allows good drainage, and holds together well. The soil has a pH of 6.0. The
electrical conductivity was increased to 0.51ms/cm.The percent organic matter was
maintained at 2.0% which may be due to the influence of Alnus compost and PCM.
Phosphorous content is 170 ppm and potassium is 484 ppm. There was a decrease in
phosphorous content which mighthave been used by the potato plants.
Table 2. Analysis of the soil before and after the application of Alnus compost and PCM
SAMPLE TEXTURE PH
ELECTRICAL
ORGANIC PHOSPHOROUS POTASSIUM
CONDUCTIVITY MATTER
(ppm)
(ppm)
(ms/cm)
(%)
Before
Medium
6.0
0.30
2.0
290
148
After
Medium
6.0
0.51
2.0
170
484
Analyzed by: Department of Agriculture, City of San Fernando, La Union
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
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Percent Survival
All the potato plants (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of Alnus compost
enriched with processed chicken manure has survived at 30 DAP.
Plant Height
No significant differences were observed on the height of potato plants at 30 and
75 DAP applied with different rates of Alnus compost (Table 3). Numerically, at 30
DAP, the tallest plants were observed on those applied with 25kg of Alnus compost plus
5kg of PCM ( 53.70 cm) while the shortest plants were those applied with 15kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM (50.3 cm). However at 75 DAP, the tallest plants were
observed were those applied with 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (73.67
cm)while the shortest plants were those applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of
PCM (68.80 cm).
Table 3. Plant height of potato (cv. Gloria) at 30DAP and 75DAP applied with different
rates of Alnus compost and PCM
HEIGHT (cm)
TREATMENT
30 DAP 75 DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
51.00
68.80
10kg of Alnus compost
52.00
70.70
15kg of Alnus compost
50.3
73.67
20kg of Alnus compost
50.03
70.00
25kg of Alnus compost
53.70
72.13
CV ( % )
11.41
4.96
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
15
Canopy Cover
Statistically, no significant differences were observed on the canopy cover of
potato at 30 DAP, 45 DAP, 60 DAP, 75 DAP applied with different rates of Alnus
compost (Table 5). Numerically, at 30 DAP the widest canopy cover was observed on the
potato plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (53.33) while the
narrowest canopy cover was observed on the plants applied with 10kg of Alnus compost
plus 5kg of PCM (48.33). At 45 DAP, the highest canopy cover was obtained from the
plants applied with 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (63.00) followed by the
application of25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (60.00) while the narrowest was
obtained from the plants applied with 20kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (59.00).
Relatively, at 60 DAP the widest canopy reduction was the application of 10kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM at 23.00.
Table 4. Canopy cover of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of Alnus
compost and PCM
TREATMENT
CANOPY COVER CANOPY REDUCTION
30 DAP
45DAP
60 DAP
75DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
53.00
59.00
19.00
17.00
10kg of Alnus compost
48.00
60.00
21.00
18.00
15kg of Alnus compost
49.00
63.00
23.00
13.00
20kg of Alnus compost
51.00
59.00
22.00
16.00
25kg of Alnus compost
52.00 60.00 15.00 17.00
CV (%)
3.71
8.93
27.39
20.53
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
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Plant Vigor
Table 5 shows the plant vigor of the potato plants at 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAP
applied with different rates of Alnus compost. At 30 DAPand 45 DAP, the plants were all
vigorous. At 75 DAP the vigor was from less to poor vigorous due to senescence.
Reaction to Leaf Miner
Visual rating for leaf miner incidence was done at the vegetative stage of the
potato plants (cv. Gloria) as shown in Table 6. No significant differences were observed
on the response of plants to leaf miner occurrence. All the plants were highly resistant. At
60 DAP, plants were highly resistant to moderately resistant and at 75 DAP all were
moderately resistant.
Reaction to Late Blight
Table 7 shows the reaction to late blight of the potato plants at 30 DAP, 45 DAP
60 DAP, and 75 DAP applied with different rates of Alnus compost. At 30 DAP, to
45DAP, plants were highly resistant. At 75 DAP, all plants were moderately susceptible
with blight. The weak resistance of the potato plants despite the favorable weather
condition during the conduct the plant stage could attributed to the varietal
characteristics.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
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Table 5. Plant vigor of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of Alnus compost
andPCM
TREATMENT
PLANT VIGOR
30 DAP
45DAP
60 DAP
75DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
10kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Poorly
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
15kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Less
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
20kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Less
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
25kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Less
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
Table 6. Leaf miner reaction of potato (cv. Gloria) applied withdifferent rates of Alnus
compost and PCM
TREATMENT
REACTION TO LEAF MINER
30 DAP
45DAP
60 DAP
75DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Intermediately
resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
10kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Highly
Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
15kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Highly
Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
20kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Highly
Moderately
Resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
25kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
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Table 7. Late blight reaction of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of Alnus
compost and PCM
TREATMENT
REACTION TO LATE BLIGHT INFECTION
30 DAP
45DAP
60 DAP
75DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
10kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
15kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
20kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
Resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
25kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
Number of Marketable Tubers of Potato
(cv. Gloria)
Potato plants applied with 20kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg PCM significantly
had the most number of super extra-large potato tubers (73) which was comparable with
those plants applied with 25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg PCM (69) . The least tubers
were obtained from plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM with
(52). For extra large sized tubers, plants applied with 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of
PCM (59) had the most tubers which was comparable with those plants applied with 10kg
of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (146). The least tubers were obtained from those
plants applied with 20kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM with 119.
On the big- sized tubers, potato plants applied with 10kg and 15kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM were the most numerous but comparable with those plants
applied with 20kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM. The least tubers were obtained
from the plants applied with 25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM with 124.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
19
For the medium tubers most plants applied with 5kg, 20kg and 25kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kgof PCM were the most, followed by the plants applied with 10kg and
15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM. As to the small tubers, the most were obtained
from plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (Table 8).
Number Non-marketable Tubers of Potato
(cv. Gloria)
Table 9 shows the number of non-marketable tubers. Statistically, no significant
differences were obtained on the number of non-marketable tubers except for the big-
sized tubers. Plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM with14.00 had
the most non-marketable tubers but was comparable with those plants applied with 10kg
of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (13.00).
Table 8. Number of marketable tubers of potato (cv. Gloria) per 10m2 applied with
different rates of Alnus compost
TREATMENT
NUMBER OF MARKETABLE
TUBERS
SXL
XL
B
MD
S
5kg of Alnus compost
52c
143b
133bc
133a
87a
10kg of Alnus compost
62bc
146ab
161a
89b
53c
15kg of Alnus compost
58c
159a
158a
77b
90a
20kg of Alnus compost
73a
119c
145ab
125a
66b
25kg of Alnus compost
69ab
145b
124c
122a
58bc
CV (%)
9.33 5.29
6.09
9.13
9.3
Legend: SXL= super-extra large, XL= extra large, B= big, MD= medium, S= small
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
20
Table 9.Number of non-marketable tubers of potato (cv. Gloria) per10m2 applied with
different rates of Alnus compost and PCM
TREATMENT
NUMBER OF NON- MARKETABLE
TUBERS
SXL XL B MD S
5kg of Alnus compost
7.00
12.00
14.00a
12.00 30.00
10kg of Alnus compost
11.00
10.00
13.00ab
18.00
33.00
15kg of Alnus compost
10.00
11.00
11.00bc
18.00
32.00
20kg of Alnus compost
9.00
9.00
10.00c
19.00
32.00
25kg of Alnus compost
9.00
9.00
10.00c
18.00
29.00
CV (%)
29.15
14.72
13.25
28.23
7.13
Legend: SXL= super-extra large, XL= extra large, B= big, MD= medium, S= small
Weight of Marketable and Non-marketable Tubers of Potato
(cv. Gloria)
No significant differences were observed on the weight of marketable tubers of
potato (cv. Gloria) on the weight of super extra large, extra large, medium to small size as
shown in Table 10.However, plants applied with 10kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of
PCM with 7.33kg significantly had the heaviest weight of big-sized tubers but was
comparable with plants applied with 25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (6.75kg).
As to the weight of non-marketable tubers, no significant differences were
observed on the potato plants applied with the different rates of Alnus compost.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
21
Table 10. Weight of marketable and non-marketable tubers of potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost and PCM
NON
TREATMENT
MARKETABLE (kg/10m2)
MARKE-TABLE
TUBERS
SXL XL B MD S
5kg of Alnus compost
6.83 8.83 4.16b
1.33 1.33
1.67
10kg of Alnus compost
6.33 8.25 7.33a
0.67 0.67
1.08
15kg of Alnus compost
6.58 7.83 6.41a
1.33 1.33
1.41
20kg of Alnus compost
7.08
7.25
6.08a
1.41 1.41
0.91
25kg of Alnus compost
6.67 7.91 6.75a
0.83 1.16
0.91
CV
(%)
8.72 8.09 11.34 34.68 26.72
22.35
Legend: SXL= super-extra large, XL= extra large, B= big, MD= medium, S= small
Total Yield and Computed Yield
Table 11 shows that the total and computed yield of potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with Alnus compost and PCM had no significant differences. Numerically,15kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM with 23.50kg gave the highest total and computed yield.
Return on Cash Expense
Potato plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM gave the
highest ROCE. Plants applied with 15kg and 25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg f Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM produced the highest tuber yield, however, the cost of
amendment was high resulting to lower ROCE (Table 12).
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
22
Table 11.Total yield and computed yield of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost and PCM
TREATMENT
TOTAL YIELD
COMPUTED YIELD
(Kg/10m2)
(tons/ha)
5kg of Alnus compost
23.837
23.837
10kg of Alnus compost
24.33
24.33
15kg of Alnus compost
24.91
24.91
20kg of Alnus compost
24.24
24.41
25kg of Alnus compost
24.41
24.41
CV (% )
6.67
6.67
Table 12.Return on Cash Expense of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of
Alnus compost and PCM
TREATMENT MARKETABLE
COST OF
GROSS
NET
ROCE
YIELD
PRODUCTION
SALE
INCOME
(%)
(kg/10m2)
(PhP)
(PhP)
(PhP)
5kg of Alnus compost
22.41
684.00
4035.00
3351.00
489.9
10kg of Alnus compost
23.25
732.00
4185.00
3453.00
471.72
15kg of Alnus compost
23.50 780.00
4230.00
3450.00
442.31
20kg of Alnus compost
23.33
828.00
4200.00
3372.00
407.25
25kg of Alnus compost
23.50
876.00
4230.00
3354.00
382.88
*Total cost of production includes cost of planting materials, tractor hire and
fertilizersand yellow plastics.
* Selling price of potato tubers was based on the 60.00 per kilogram.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
23
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
This study was conducted from January 2011 to March 2011 at Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet to: determine the growth and yield of potato (cv.
Gloria) applied with different rates Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken
manure; determine the best rate of Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken
manure on the growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria); and determine the profitability of
using Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure on potato production.
Different rates of Alnus no significant effect on plant height, plant vigor, leaf
miner infestation and potato late blight infection. Significant effects were obtained for
number of marketable tubers and weight of marketable tubers. The best rate was the
application of 15kg of Alnus compost and 5kg of PCM. Highest ROCE was obtained
from plants applied with 5kg Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM.
Conclusions
The potato plants (cv. Gloria) were resistant to leaf miner and late blight
infection. The best rate of the application is 15kg of Alnus compost and 5kg of processed
chicken manure. The highest ROCE was obtained from plants applied with 5kg Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM.
Recommendation
Application of 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM is recommended under
organic production at Balili, La Trinidad Benguet.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
24
LITERATURE CITED
BEAR, F. E. 1990. Theory and Practice in the used of Fertilizers. John Wiley and
London. Chapman and Hall, LTD. Pp. 317-321.
BETAYAN, R. B. 2009. Rates of Vermicompost as source of Nitrogen on Potato
(Solanumtuberosum var. Igorota) Seed Tuber Production.BS.Thesis.Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 35-37.
CENTRO INTERNACIONAL DE LA PAPA(CIP).2000. Potato Factsheet. Lima
Peru.P.11.
DIDA, N. C.1998. Management of Black Scurf (Rhizobia solani) on potato using alnus
Compost as Soil Conditioner. BS.Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. P.#21.
EBBES, M. 2000. Influence of Alnus compost on the growth and yield of potato.
BS.Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 5-9.
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO).2008.Potato International
Year.Retreived March 12, 2011 www.from potato 2008.org/ en / aboutiyp index.
html.
HIGHLAND AGRICULTURE AND RESOURCES RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT
CONSORTIUM(HARDEC).1996. Highland PotatoTechnoguide .Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 1-17.
HENFLING, J. W. 1987. Field Screening Procedures to Potato to Evaluate Resistance to
Late Blight. Technology evaluation series no.9182-05.[ Lima, Peru ];
International Potato Center.
MARCELINO, L.B .1995. Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and
yield of NCT. Japonica variety.BS. Thesis.BSU. La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp.4-6.
MARQUEZ, M. 1998. Utilization of azolla as organic fertilizer for cabbage and potato.
MS. Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 21-23.
MERCARDO, E.G.1996. Influence of Alnus Compost on the Growth and Yield of
Potato. MS.Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 2.
NEWSOME, J. 2009. Benefits of using Organic Fertilizer Retrieved November 2009
Accessed from http:// www.garden guides. com/78504-benefits –using-organic-
fertilizer- html.
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with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
25
NORTHERN PHILIPPINE ROOT CROP RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTER
(NPRCRTC).1998.Highland Potato Techno-guide.Benguet State University. La
Trinidad, Benguet. P. # 24.
NATIONAL SUATAINABLE AGRICULTURE INFORMATION, 2005.Potatoes
Organic Product.Retrieved January 12, 2011 www.from Attar pub/potatoes.html #
organic.
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY.2004.Using compost to control plant disease
Retrieved June 8, 2011 from http://www.jg.com/ BC Articles / 1999/ 0699
Arts.htm.
PHILIPPINE COUNCILAGRICULTURE RESOURCES RESEARCH
DEVELOPMENT (PCARRD) 1979. The Philippines Recommends for fertility
Management.Bulliten Series No. #36 Los Banos, Laguna.P.13.
SANGATNAN, P. D. and R.L. SANGATNAN. 2000. Organic Farming. P. D. Sangatnan
Marketing, Lapaz, Iloilo City.P.145.
SIMONGO,D.K,GATAWA, F.D and G.A.PAYANGDO.2009.Evaluation of Potato
genotypes grown from rooted stem cutting under Mid mountain zone Research
Journal. Benguet State University. La Trinidad Benguet No. #62 (XV) 1-7.Pp.2-3.
SONAC SOCIETE NACIONALE DE COMMERCE. 2008. Honing Strategies for more
Productive and Sustainable Potato-Based Systems. Retrieved from SonacNews
.www. Sonac.biz. Cuco.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
26
APPENDICES
Appendix Table 1. Percent survival (%) of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates
of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION
TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
100 100
100 300
100
10kg of Alnus compost
100
100
100
300
100
15kg of Alnus compost
100
100
100
300
100
20kg of Alnus compost
100
100
100
300 100
25kg of Alnus compost
100 100
100 300
100
TOTAL
500
500
500
500
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
27
Appendix Table 2. Initial plant height at 30 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
52.5 50.9
49.2 152.6 50.87
10kg of Alnus compost
50.4 53.8
52.9 157.1 52.37
15kg of Alnus compost
51.3 48.6 51 150.9 50.3
20kg of Alnus compost
50.4
52.4
47.3
150.1
50.03
25kg of Alnus compost
52.7 52.9
51.5 158.1 52.7
TOTAL
257.3
258.6
251.9
768.8
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 37.049
18.525
Treatment
4
134.477
33.619
1.04ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
258.671
32.334
TOTAL
14
430.19
ns= not significant
Coefficient of Variation: 11.41 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
28
Appendix Table 3.Final height 75 at DAPof potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
67.8 69.7 68.9 206.4 68.8
10kg of Alnus compost
76.2 68.8 73.1 212.1 70.7
15kg of Alnus compost
70.4 77.5 73.1 221 73.67
20kg of Alnus compost
72.4 70.5 67.6 210 70.00
5kg of Alnus compost
70.6 68.9 76.9 216.4 72.13
TOTAL 357.3
355.4
359.6
1072.3
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 1.765 0.833
Treatment
4
46.809
11.702
0.93ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
100.575
12.572
TOTAL 14
149.149
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variation: 4.96 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
29
Appendix Table 4. Canopy cover at 30 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
50 50 51 151 53.33
5kg of Alnus compost
50 45 50 145 48.33
5kg of Alnus compost
47 49 50 146 48.67
5kg of Alnus compost
51
49
52
152
50.67
5kg of Alnus compost
51 54 51 156 52
TOTAL 249
247
254
750
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 5.200 2.600
Treatment
4
27.333
6.833
1.99ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
27.467
3.433
TOTAL 14
60.000
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variation: 3.71 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
30
Appendix Table 5. Canopy cover 45 DAP potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates
Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
64 58 56 178 59.33
10kg of Alnus compost
63 63 55 181 60.33
15kg of Alnus compost
57 63 69 189 63.00
20kg of Alnus compost
65 56 56 177 59.00
25kg of Alnus compost
57
59
65
181
60.33
TOTAL
306 299
301 906
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 5.200 2.600
Treatment
4
29.600
7.400
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
232.800
29.100
TOTAL 14
267.600
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variation: 8.93%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
31
Appendix Table 6. Canopy reduction at 60 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
18 19 20 57 19.00
10kg of Alnus compost
25 23 14 62 21.00
15kg of Alnus compost
17 22 30 69 23.00
20kg of Alnus compost
29 16 21 66 22.00
25kg of Alnus compost
17 12 18 47 16.00
TOTAL
106
92
103
301
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 21.733
10.867
Treatment
4
99.600
24.900
0.82ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
241.600
30.200
TOTAL 14
362.933
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 13.81 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
32
Appendix Table 7. Canopy reduction at 75 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
21 15 15 51 17.00
10kg of Alnus compost
18 21 15 54 18.00
15kg of Alnus compost
19 5 15 39 13.00
20kg of Alnus compost
17 18 11 46 15.00
25kg of Alnus compost
7 21 23 51 17.00
TOTAL
82
80
79
211
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.933 0.467
Treatment
4
46.267
11.567
0.28ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
325.733
40.717
TOTAL
14
32.933
Coefficient of Variance: 9.67 % ns = not significant
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
33
Appendix Table 8. Plant vigor at 30 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
4 5 4 13 4.33
10kg of Alnus compost
5 4 4 13 4.33
15kg of Alnus compost
4 4 4 12 4.00
20kg of Alnus compost
4 5 4 13 4.33
25kg of Alnus compost
4 4 5 13 4.33
TOTAL
21
22
21
64
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.133 0.
067
Treatment
4
0.267
0.067
0.21ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.533
0.317
TOTAL 14
2.933
ns= not significant Coefficient of Variance:13.19%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
34
Appendix Table 9. Plant vigor at 45 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
4 5 5 14 4.67
10kgof Alnus compost
4 4 5 13 4.33
15kg of Alnus compost
5 4 4 13 4.33
20kg of Alnus compost
4 5 5 14 4.67
25kg of Alnus compost
5 5 4 14 4.67
TOTAL
22
23
23
68
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.133 0.067
Treatment
4
0.400
0.100
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.200
0.400
TOTAL 14
3.733
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 13.95%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
35
Appendix Table 10. Plant vigor at 60 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
3 3
4 10 3.33
10kg of Alnus compost
3 4
3 10 3.33
15kg of Alnus compost
4 3
3 10 3.33
20kg of Alnus compost
3
4
3
10
3.33
25kg of Alnus compost
3 4
3 10 33.33
TOTAL 16
18
16
50
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.133 0.067
Treatment
4
0.400
0.100
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.200
0.400
TOTAL 14
3.733
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 13.95%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
36
Appendix Table 11. Plant vigor at 75 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
2 2 2 6 3
10kg of Alnus compost
1 2 2 5 1.67
15kg of Alnus compost
2 2 2 6 2
20kg of Alnus compost
2 3 2 7 2.33
25kg of Alnus compost
3 2 2 7 2.33
TOTAL 10
11
10
31
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.533 0.067
Treatment
4
0.000
0.000
0.00ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.800
0.350
TOTAL 14
3.333
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance:17.75 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
37
Appendix Table 12. Leaf miner infestation at 30 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
1 2
2
5
1.67
10kg of Alnus compost
2 1
2
5
1.67
15kg of Alnus compost
2 2
1
5
1.67
20kg of Alnus compost
1 2
2
5
1.67
25kg of Alnus compost
2 1
2
5
1.67
TOTAL
8
8
9
25
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication
2
0.133
0.067
Treatment
4
0.933
0.233
1.00ns.
3.84
7.01
Error
8
1.867
0.233
TOTAL 14
2.933
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance:23.37 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
38
Appendix Table 13. Leaf miner infestation at 45 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
1 2 1 4 1.33
10kg of Alnus compost
2 1 1 4 1.33
15kg of Alnus compost
1 1 2 4 1.33
20kg of Alnus compost
1
1
2
4
1.33
25kg of Alnus compost
1 2 1 4 1.33
TOTAL 6
7
7
20
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.133 0.067
Treatment
4
0.000
0.000
0.00ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.200
0.400
TOTAL 14
3.333
ns = Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 3.333%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
39
Appendix Table 14. Leaf miner infestation at 60 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
1 2 2
5
1.67
10kg of Alnus compost
2 1 1
4
1.33
15kg of Alnus compost
1 2 1
4
1.33
20kg of Alnus compost
2 1 1
4
1.33
25kg of Alnus compost
1 1 2
4
1.33
TOTAL 7
7
7
21
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.000 0.000
Treatment
4
0.267
0.067
0.16ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.333
0.417
TOTAL 14
3.600
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 46.11%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
40
Appendix Table 15. Leaf miner infestation at 75 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
3 2 3 7 2.33
10kg of Alnus compost
3 2 3 8 2.67
15kg of Alnus compost
3 2 3 8 2.67
20kg of Alnus compost
3 2 3 8 2.67
25kg of Alnus compost
3 3 2 8 2.67
TOTAL 15
11
14
39
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 1.733 0.867
Treatment
4
0.000
0.000
0.00ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
1.600
0.200
TOTAL 14
3.333
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance:37.85 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
41
Appendix Table 16. Late blight infection at 30, 45, 60 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
2 1 2 5
1.67
10kg of Anus compost
1 2 2 5
1.67
15kg of Alnus compost
2 2 1 5
1.67
20kg of Alnus compost
2 1 1 4
1.33
25kg of Alnus compost
2 1 2 5
1.67
TOTAL 9
7
8
24
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.400 0.200
Treatment
4
0.267
0.067
0.18ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.933
0.367
TOTAL 14
3.600
ns = Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 37.85%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
42
Appendix Table 17. Late blight infection at 75 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
7 7
22
7.33
10kg of Alnus compost
6 7 7 20 6.67
15kg of Alnus compost
7 6 6 20 6.67
20kg of Alnus compost
6
6
7
19
6.33
25kg of Alnus compost
6 6 7 19 6.33
TOTAL 32
25
34
91
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.400 0.200
Treatment
4
2.267
0.567
1.54ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.933
0.367
TOTAL 14
5.600
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance:9.17 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
43
Appendix Table 18. Number of marketable tuber SXLof potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
54 44
58 156 52c
10kg of Alnus compost
63 58
65 186 62bc
15kg of Alnus compost
59 65
50 174 58c
20kg of Alnus compost
75 75
69 218 73a
25kg of Alnus compost
70 65
72 207 69ab
TOTAL 321
307
314
941
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 19.600 9.800
Treatment
4
848.400
212.100
6.18*
3.84
7.01
Error
8
274.400
34.300
TOTAL
14
1142.400
*= significant
Coefficient of Variance: 9.33 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
44
Appendix Table 19. Number of marketable tuber extra- largeof potato (cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I
II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
144 134 150
399.00
133bc
10kg of Alnus compost
159 135 145
482.00
482a
15kg of Alnus compost
160 161 155
473.00
158a
20kg of Alnus compost
126 121 110
434.00
145ab
25kg of Alnus compost
145 139 151 373
124a
TOTAL
734 720 711 2165
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 193.733
96.867
Treatment
4
2503.333
625.833
11.02**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
454.267
56.783
TOTAL
14
3151.333
**= highly significant
Coefficient of Variance: 6.09 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
45
Appendix Table 20.Number of marketable tuber bigof potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
134 140
399
133bc
10kg of Alnus compost
158 164
160 482 161a
15kg of Alnus compost
160 161
152 473 158a
20kg of Alnus compost
160
130
145
317
145ab
5kg of Alnus compost 131 127 115 373 124c
TOTAL 903 707 684 2294
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 155.733
77.867
Treatment
4
2918.267
729.567
9.49**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
614.933
76.867
Total 14
3688.933
**= highly significant
Coefficient of Variance: 6.09 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
46
Appendix Table 21. Number of marketable tuber mediumof potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
134.00 125.00
140.00
399.00 133a
10kg of Alnus compost
98.00 84.00
90.00
266.00 89b
15g of Alnus compost
63.00 88.00
79.00
230.00
76.67b
20kg of Alnus compost
126.00 130.00
119.00
375.00 125a
25kg of Alnus compost
127.00 127.00
112.00
366.00 122a
TOTAL 548.00
554.00
540.00
1642.0
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 16.533 8.267
Treatment
4
7379.600
1844.900
18.62**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
792.800
99.100
TOTAL
14
8188.933
**= highly significant
Coefficient of Variance:9.13 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
47
Appendix Table 22. Number of marketable tuber of potato small (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
92 81
88
261 87a
10kg of Alnus compost
49 60
57
158 53c
15kg of Alnus compost
90 88
91
269 89a
20kg of Alnus compost
70 64
64
198 66b
25kg of Alnus compost
53 60
60
173
58bc
TOTAL 354
353
360
1067
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 11.200 5.600
Treatment
4
3427.600
856.900
19.54**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
350.800
43.850
TOTAL
14
3789.800
**=highly significant
Coefficient of Variance: 9.38 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
48
Appendix Table 23. Weightof potato super extra- large (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
7.00 6.00 7.50 20.5.0 6.833
10kg of Alnus compost
5.50 6.5 6.00 19.00 6.333
15kg of Alnus compost
6.75 6.00 7.00 19.750 6.583
20kg of Alnus compost
7.00
6.75
7.50
21.250
7.083
25kg of Alnus compost
6.75 7.00 6.25 20.000 6.667
TOTAL 33.00
32.25
34.25
99.50
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.225 0.113
Treatment
4
0.942
0.235
0.68ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.733
0.342
Total
14
3.900
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 8.72 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
49
Appendix Table 24. Weight of potato extra- large (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
8.25 9.00
9.25
26.5
8.83
10kg of Alnus compost
9.00 8.25
7.50
26.5
8.83
15kg of Alnus compost
8.00 6.75
8.75
23.5
7.83
20kg of Alnus compost
7.25 7.00
7.50
21.75
7.25
25kg of Alnus compost
8.25 7.5.0
8.00
23.75
7.92
TOTAL 40.75
38.5
41.00
120.25
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.225 0.113
Treatment
4
0.942
0.235
0.68ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.733
0.342
Total 14
3.900
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 8.09 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
50
Appendix Table 25. Weight of potato big tubers (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
4.25 3.50 4.73 12.50 4.167b
10kg of Alnus compost
6.75 7.75 7.5 22.00 7.333a
15kg of Alnus compost
6.25 6.25 6.75 19.25 6.417a
20kg of Alnus compost
6.25 7.00 5.00 18.25 6.083a
25kg of Alnus compost
6.00 7.25 7.00 20.25 6.750a
TOTAL 29.5
31.75
30.98
92.23
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.525 0.262
Treatment
4
17.308
4.327
8.89**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.892
0.486
TOTAL
14
21.725
** =highly significant
Coefficient of Variance: 11.34 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
51
Appendix Table 26. Weight of medium of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates
of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
.75 1.75 1.5
4 1.333
10kg of Alnus compost
.25 1 0.75 2 0.667
15kg of Alnus compost
1.25 1 1.75 4 1.333
20kg of Alnus compost
.75 1.75 1.75 4.25 1.417
25kg of Alnus compost
1.5 1.5 .5 3.50 1.167
TOTAL 4.5
7
6.25
17.75
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.758 0.379
Treatment
4
1.400
0.350
2.33ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
1.200
0.150
TOTAL 14
3.358
ns
=Not
significant
Coefficient of Variance: 34.68 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
52
Appendix Table 27.Weight of smallof potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates
rates of compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
.75 1.75 1.5
4 1.333
10kg of Alnus compost
.25 1 0.75 2 0.667
15kg of Alnus compost
1.25 1 1.75
4 1.333
20kg of Alnus compost
.75 1.75 1.75 4.25 1.417
25kg of Alnus compost
1 1 .50 2.50
0.833
TOTAL 4
7
7.25
18.25
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 1.158 0.379
Treatment
4
1.100
0.350
2.275ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
0.800
0.150
TOTAL 14
3.058
ns
=Not
significant
Coefficient of Variance: 26.72 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
53
Appendix Table 28. Number of non- marketable tuber SXLof potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
10 11 0 21 7.000
10kg of Alnus compost
11
10
13
34
11.333
15kg of Alnus compost
12 9 10 31
10.333
20kg of Alnus compost
9
8
10
27
9.000
25kg of Alnus compost
9 10 8 27
9.000
TOTAL 51
48
41
140
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 28.133
14.067
Treatment
4
32.000
8.000
1.08ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
59.200
7.400
Total
14
119.333
ns= not significant
Coefficient of Variance:29.15 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
54
Appendix Table 29. Number of non- marketable tuber extra- large of potato(cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
12 11 13 36 12
10kg of Alnus compost
10 11 9 30 10
15kgof Alnus compost
9 13
12 34
11.83
20kg of Alnus compost
10 7 9 26
8.67
25kg of Alnus compost
8 10
10 28
9.33
TOTAL 49
52
53
153
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 1.733 0.867
Treatment
4
22.933
5.733
2.51ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
18.267
2.283
Total
14
42.933
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 14.72%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
55
Appendix Table 30.Number of non- marketable tuber bigof potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
16 12
15 43 14a
10kg of Alnus compost
12 14
12 38 13ab
15kg of Alnus compost
13 10
11 34 11bc
20kg of Alnus compost
10
12
9
31
10c
25kg of Alnus compost
11 9
10 30 10c
TOTAL 57
57
57
171
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 3.333 1.667
Treatment
4
38.267
9.567
3.96*
3.84
7.01
Error
8
19.333
2.417
Total 14
60.933
*= significant
Coefficient of Variance: 13.25%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
56
Appendix Table 31. Number of non- marketable tuber mediumof potato (cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
18 19
17 54
11.667
10kg of Alnus compost
17 18
20 55
18.333
15kg of Alnus compost
18 16
19 53
17.667
20kg of Alnus compost
19
20
18
57
19.000
25klg of Alnus compost
18 20
17 55
18.333
TOTAL 90
93
91
274
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 36.400
18.200
Treatment
4
109.333
27.333
1.18ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
184.267
23.033
Total
14
330.000
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 28.33%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
57
Appendix Table 32. Number of non- marketable tuber smallof potato (cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
32 30 29 91 30.33
10kg of Alnus compost
29 33 36 98 32.67
15kg of Alnus compost
30 35 31 96 32
20kg of Alnus compost
31 34 30 95 31.67
25kg of Alnus compost
28 30 29 87 29
TOTAL
150 162 155 467
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 14.533 0.867
Treatment
4
25.733
5.733
1.30ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
39.467
2.283
Total 14
79.733
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 7.13%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
58
Appendix Table 33. Total weight of non- marketable tuber of potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
1.25
1
1.25
3.5
1.16
10kg of Alnus compost
1.5
1
.75
3.25
1.08
15kg
of
Alnus
compost
1.25 1.75 1.25 4.25 1.41
20kg of Alnus compost
1
1
.75
2.75
0.91
25kg of Alnus compost
1 .75 1 2.75
0.91
TOTAL
6 5.5 5 16.5
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 6.025 3.012
Treatment
4
2.442
0.610
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
19.183
2.398
Total
14
27.650
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 7.13%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
59
Appendix Table 34. Total yield per 10m2of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different of
Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
22.25 23.00 24.50 70.75 23.58
10kg of Alnus compost
23.75 26.00 23.00 72.75 24.25
15kg of Alnus compost
24.75 22.75 27.25 70.50 24.92
20kg of Alnus compost
23.25 25.25 24.00 72.50 24.16
25kg of Alnus compost
24.00
24.75
24.5
73.25
24.41
TOTAL 95.59
121.75
123.00
359.5
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 6.025 3.012
Treatment
4
2.442
0.610
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
19.183
2.398
Total
14
27.650
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 6.67%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
60
Appendix Table 35.Computed yield (tons/ha) of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
22.25
23.00 24.50 70.75 23.58
10kg of Alnus compost
23.75
26.00 23.00 72.75 24.25
15kg of Alnus compost
24.75
22.75 27.25 70.50 24.92
20kg of Alnus compost
23.25
25.25 24.00 72.50 24.16
25kg of Alnus compost
24.00
24.75
24.5
73.25
24.41
TOTAL
95.59 121.75
123.00
359.5
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 6.025 3.012
Treatment
4
2.442
0.610
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
19.183
2.398
Total
14
27.650
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 6.67%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
GAYDAO, WILLER L. APRIL 2012.Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by
the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched with Processed Chicken Manure in
Balili, La Trinidad Benguet. Benguet State University La Trinidad, Benguet.
Adviser: Guerzon A. Payangdo, MSc.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to determine the growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure;
determine the best rate of Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure on the
growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria); and to determine the profitability of using Alnus
compost enriched with processed chicken manure on potato production.
The different rates of Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure
applied on the potato plants showed no significant effect on plant height, plant vigor, leaf
miner infestation and potato late blight infection. Significant effect was shown on the
number and weight of marketable tubers. Application of 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg
of processed chicken manure produced the highest number of marketable tubers and gave
the heaviest total yield. Highest ROCE was obtained from potato plants applied with 5kg
Alnus compost plus 5kg of processed chicken manure.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography…..………………………………………………………………….. i
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………..…. i
Table of Contents………………………………………………………………….. ii
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………. 1
REVIEW OF LITERATURE……………………………………………………… 3
Importance to Soil Requirements………………………………………….. 3
Organic Fertilizer Usage to Potato………………………………………… 3
Use of Organic Matter and Sources……………………………………….. 4
Beneficial Effects of organic Fertilizer …………………………………… 4
Benefits of Using Alnus Compost…………………………….…………… 5
MATERIALS AND METHODS……………………………………………….… 7
Land Preparation………………………………………………………..… 7
Experimental Lay-out………………………………..…………………… 7
Data Gathered…………………………………………………………….. 8
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION………………………………………………….. 12
Meteorological Data…………………………….………………………. 12
Soil Analysis …………………………………………….…..………......... 13
Percent Survival at 30 DAP………………………………………………. 14
Plant Height at 30 and 75 DAP……………………………………………. 14
Canopy Cover at 30,45, 60
and 75 DAP…………………………….....……………………………… 15
Plant Vigor at 30, 45, 60
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched with
Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
and 75 DAP……………………...…………..…………………………….. 16
Reaction to Leaf miner at 30,45
60 and 75 DAP……………….……………………………………………. 16
Reaction to Late blight at 30,45
60 and 75 DAP…………………………………………………………..... 16
Number of Marketable tubers……………………………………………... 18
Number of Non-Marketable tubers………………………………………… 19
Weight of Marketable and
Non-marketable tubers………………………………..…………….…….. 20
Total and Computed Yield………………..……………………………….. 21
Return on Cash Expenses………………………………………………….. 21
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………………. 23
Summary…………………………………………………………………... 23
Conclusions……………………………………………………………….. 23
Recommendations………………………………………………………… 23
LITERATURE CITED…………………………………………………………… 24
APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………. 26
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched with
Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
1
INTRODUCTION
Potatoes have a potential and strong role to play in agriculture, economy and food
security, especially in the poorest countries (SONAC News, 2008). In addition, FAO
(2008) stated that potato is a staple food of the world’s population, affirming the need to
focus world attention on the role that it plays in providing food security and eradicating
poverty.
In Benguet and Mountain Province it is one of the cash crops grown by the
farmers (Simongo, et al., 2009). The production of this crop gives farmers a higher
income compare with other crops in the highlands.
Potato farming in Benguet usually involves an intensive use of chicken manure
and synthetic fertilizers. Benguet potato farmers tend to use these inorganic fertilizers due
to their availability and accessibility. However, the increasing cost of these fertilizers, not
to mention their harmful effects to the environment, increases the demand for an
alternative low cost fertilizer which is not only safe but also equally or more effective
than inorganic fertilizers.
The use of Alnus compost and processed chicken manure (PCM) may serve as an
alternative to synthetic fertilizers in potato production. The proper application of these
fertilizers may also contribute to lower inputs of production leading to higher profit.
Furthermore, Alnus compost and PCM contain quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium, and organic matter which help improve soil properties making it suitable for
potato production.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
2
The objective of the study were to:
1. determine the growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with Processed Chicken Manure;
2. determine the best rate of Alnus compost enriched with Processed Chicken
Manure on the growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria); and
3. determine the profitability of using Alnus compost enriched with Processed
Chicken Manure on potato production.
The study was conducted from January 2011 to March 2011 at Benguet State
University, Balili Experimental Station, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Importance and Soil Requirement
The potato has a wide range of soil adaptation for optimum yield, deep well
drained or a sandy loam soil with ph of 5.5 to 6.0 is required. A fertile soil rich in organic
matter is essential for good growth. Average temperature ranges between 15 °C to 18 °C
(PCARRD, 1979) but also grows best at temperature of 17 °C to 22 °C with soil of 13 oC
to 18 oC (NPRTC, 1998).
In addition HARRDEC (1996) stated that the recommended for potato ranges
from 17 oC to 23 oC.
Organic Fertilizer Usage in Potato
According to Ebbes (2000) found that application of 8 to 10 t/ha of alnus compost
plus 140-140-140 N –P2O5-K2O/ha had the highest number and weight of mean of super
extra –large potato tubers with 98 and 13kg 90 and 13kg respectively . As to the result of
soil chemical properties analysis, application of 6 to 8/ha Alnus compost plus 140-140-
140 kg N-P2O5K2O/ha promote an increase on the potassium content.
Betayan (2009) reported that increasing the rate of vermi compost to from 5-20 tons/ha
had improved the growth of potato and enhanced the initial and final height of the plant.
Use of Organic Matter and Sources
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
4
Compost application replenishes soil organic matter and humus being depleted
with continous cropping. Application of compost also activates soil microorganisms
consequently increasing the availability of nutrients that plants feed on (Marquez, 1998).
In addition, Sangatnan and Sangatnan stated that (2000) application of compost improves
the physiological, chemical and biological condition of the soil besides providing plant
nutrients. The humus in compost serve as the colloidal material with negative electric
charge and coagulated with cation and soil particles to form granules. Soil with more
granules is sticky, high buffering capacity, and has better permeability and greater water
holding capacity. It is capable of regulating plant growth and preventing disease
occurrence.
Manure is another source of organic matter made up of about 75% water and 25%
organic matter. In one ton average manure, these are 1500 pounds of organic matter
containing about 12 pounds of nitrogen and potash and 5 pounds of phosphoric acid with,
sulfur and trace elements (Bear, 1990).
Beneficial Effects of Organic Fertilizer
Soil organic matter has a variable effect on available water in soil. It is generally a
positive relationship but soil properties, notably texture. One experiment, for example
found organic matter to influence available water only in soils of medium to low clay
content (Ohio State University, 2004).
Newsome (2009), reported that organic fertilizers add the nutrients to the soil that
plant used to be more productive. These vital nutrients include phosphorus, nitrogen and
potassium. These nutrients allow the plant to grow larger, blooming flowers and larger
fruits. Not only does the quality increased, but so do the quantity allowing the grower to
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
5
harvest more and better fruits and flowers. Plants receiving the proper amounts of
nutrients potassium grow tougher cell walls and coarser vegetation. This makes them
much more resistant to pest and diseases. Plants receiving enough phosphorus, water
more efficiently, allows them to survive cold and dry spells. Organic fertilizers have
positive effects on all types of soil. Loosen soils such as sand, are held together better by
a strong root system that promotesnitrogen. In this case, the fertilizer helps the plants
grow stronger and also helps slow erosion. Soils that is denser and harder to penetrate,
such as clay may be loosened up by similar as root structure. In this case, the soil
becomes more easily markable for farming and also more oxygenated to promote
synthesis. Organic fertilizer releases their nutrients slowly and consistently. Organic
fertilizer keeps plant growing healthy and productive longer into the season despite
changing weather and soil temperature. Organic fertilizer breakdown slowly, which
means they need to be applied much less frequently than other types of fertilizer.
Organic Production practices maximize the use and recycling of a farm nutrients
sources, including animal manure and green manures. Techniques such as accurate soil
analysis and nutrients crediting help producers. Avoidance of excess fertilizer
applications for sustainable farming methods includes building and conserving practices
such as adding management (NSAI, 2005).
Benefits of Using Alnus Compost
Alnus compost is abundant in the highland that can be good source of organic
nitrogen. Alnus is easy to compost and it hastens decomposition (Marcelino, 1995). At
present, alnus compost has been discovered as good source of organic fertilizer,otherwise
it is friendly to the environment and also controls some plant diseases. According to the
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
6
study conducted by Dida (1998), the population and incidence of black scurf on potato
tuber decrease with increasing level of alnus compost applied. Alnus compost has a ph of
4.6, 50% organic matter, 2.5% nitrogen, 7.0 phosphorous and 3.36% potassium as cited
by Mercardo (1996).
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
7
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Land Preparation
An area of 150m2 was thoroughly prepared before planting. The area was divided
into three blocks, which corresponds to three replications. Each block consisted of five
plots measuring 1m x 10m.The different rates of Alnus compost enriched with
Processed Chicken Manure (PCM) was basally applied per plot following the treatment
arrangement before planting. The nutrient analysis of Alnus compost and PCM were the
following:
NPKphOrganic matter
Alnus compost 2.5% 7.0% 3.36% 4.6 50%
PCM 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% 6.5-7 20%
All other cultural practices such as weeding, irrigation, hilling up, insects and
disease control was employed during the conduct of the study.
The potato seed tubers with equal length of sprouts and number were planted at a
distance of 30cm x 30cm between hills and rows at the depth of two inches.
Experimental Lay-out
The experiment was laid -out following the Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD).
The following treatments replicated three times were:
T1- 5kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
T2- 10kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
T3- 15kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
8
T4- 20kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
T5- 25kg of Alnus compost + 5kg of PCM
Data Gathered
1. Agro- climatic data. Temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were taken
from Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
(PAG- ASA) at Benguet State University (BSU).
2. Soil chemical properties. Soil samples were taken from the experimental area
before and right after harvest. The organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium
content of the soil and ph was analyzed at the Soils Laboratory, Department of
Agriculture, City of San Fernando, La Union.
3. Percent survival. This was taken by counting the number of plants that survived
three weeks after planting using the formula:
Total number of plants survived
%
Survival
=
x
100
Total number of tubers planted per plot
4. Initial height (cm). Ten sample plantswere measured from base to the tip of the
longest shoots at 30 days using meter stick.
5. Final height (cm).Ten sample plants were measured from the base to the tip of
the plant one week after harvest using meter stick.
6. Canopy cover (%). This was gathered at 30, 45, 60, 70 days after planting with
the use of wooden frame at 120cm x 60 cm with equal- sized grids.
7. Plant vigor. This was recorded at 30, 45, 60, and 75 days after planting using
the CIP (2000) rating scale.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
9
ScaleDescriptionRemarks
1 Plants are weak with few stem Poor vigor
and leaves; very pale
2 Plants are weak with few thin stems Less vigorous
and leaves pale
3 Better than less vigorous Moderate vigorous
4 Plants are moderately strong with Vigorous
robust stems and leaves:
5 Plants are strong with robust stem and leaves; Highly vigorous
Leaves are light to dark green color.
8. Leaf miner Infestation. This was observed and recorded at 30, 45, 60, and 75
DAP using the following scale (CIP, 2000):
ScaleDescriptionRemarks
1 Less infested (1-20%) Resistant
2 Infested (20-40%) Moderately resistance
3 Moderately infested (41-60%) Intermediate
4 Severely infested (61-80%) Moderate susceptibility
5 Most serious Susceptible
9. Late Blight Infection. This was observed and recorded at 30, 45, 60 and 75
days after planting using the CIP rating scale (Henfling, 1987):
Late Blight InfectionCIP ScaleDescription corresponding symptoms
0 1
No late blight observed.
Trace -<5 2
Late blight present. Maximum 10 lesions per
Plant.
5-<25 3
Plants look healthy, but lesions are easily seen
at a closer distance. Maximum foliage area is
affected by lesions or destroyed.
It corresponds to no more than 20 leaflets .
15-35 4
Late blight is easily seen on most plants.
About 25% of foliage is covered with lesions.
35-<65 5
Treatments look green; however all plants are
affected leaves are dead. About half the
foliage are destroyed.
65-<85 6
Treatments look green with brown flecks.
About 75% of each plant is affected. Leaves
of the lower half of the plants are destroyed.
85-<95 7
treatments are neither predominantly green
Nor brown. Only top leaves are green. Many
have large lesions.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
10
95-<100 8
Treatments are look brown-colored. A few top
Leaves still have green areas. Most stems have
lesions or are dead.
100 9
All leaves and stems are dead.
Descriptions: 1=highly resistant; 2-3= resistant; 4-5= moderately resistant; 6-7=
moderately susceptible; 8-9= susceptible
10. Number and weight of marketable tuber per 10m2. This was taken bycounting
and weighing the tubers from extra large to marble- sized, not malformed and free from
natural cracks and with no more than 10% greening of the total surface at harvest.
11. Number and weight of non- marketable tubers per 10m2. This was obtained by
counting and weighing all tubers that has natural cracks, malformed and damaged by pest
and disease.
12. Total yield per 10m2 (kg.). This was recorded by getting the weight of
marketable and non- marketable tubers.
13. Computed yield (10 / ha). This was obtained by using the following formula:
Total
yield
10,000
Yield (t/ha) =
x
10m2
1,000
14. Return on cash expenses. This was obtained through the following formula:
Gross sales -Total expenses
ROCE =
x 100
Total expenses
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
11
Data Analysis
All quantitative data were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance for the
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The significance of
differences among treatment means was tested using the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test
(DMRT) at 5% level of significance.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
12
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Meteorological Data
Table 1 shows the temperature, relatively humidity and rainfall at Balili, La
Trinidad, Benguet during the conduct of the study from January 2011 to March 2011.
Minimum temperature ranges from 13oC to 15oC while the maximum temperature ranges
from 17.7oC to 25.7oC. The average temperature ranges from 13.30oC to 22.0oC. The
lowest relative humidity was noted in January at 80% while the highest relative humidity
was in February at 87%. The longest sunshine duration was noted in the month of
January at 368.3 minutes while the shortest sunshine duration was noted in the month of
February with a 214.2 minutes. Potatogrow best in areas with temperature ranging from
17oC to 22oC and average relative humidity of 86%. The temperature, relative humidity,
rainfall and sunshine duration during the conduct of the study favors the production
requirements of the potato especially the temperature. Hence, the favorable
environmental conditionenhanced better accumulation of carbohydrates and dry matter of
the tubers (HARRDEC, 1996).
Table 1. Meteorological data during the conduct of the study from January to March 2011
MONTH
TEMP.
RELATIVE
RAINFALL
DAILY
MIN. MAX. AVE.
HUMIDITY
AMOUNT
SUNSHINE
oCoCoC
(%)
(mm)
DURATION
(min)
January
15.5 25.7 20.60
80
0.1
368.3
February
8.9 17.7 13.30
87
Trace
214.2
March
13.3 23.0 22.0
82
0.1
253.0
Source:Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical ServicesAdministration (PAG-ASA)
BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
13
Soil Analysis
Table 2 shows the of soil chemical properties before and after the application of
Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure (PCM). The soil texture is
medium, pH is 6.0, electrical current is 30 ms/ cm, % organic matter is 2.0, phosphorous
is 290 parts per million and potassium is148 ppm before the application of processed
chicken manure (PCM). The result of soil analysis after harvest show that the soil texture
is medium wherein the soil has a mixture of clay, silt, sand and humus referred to as loam
and contain the nutrients necessary for plant roots with air pockets between the particles
that allows good drainage, and holds together well. The soil has a pH of 6.0. The
electrical conductivity was increased to 0.51ms/cm.The percent organic matter was
maintained at 2.0% which may be due to the influence of Alnus compost and PCM.
Phosphorous content is 170 ppm and potassium is 484 ppm. There was a decrease in
phosphorous content which mighthave been used by the potato plants.
Table 2. Analysis of the soil before and after the application of Alnus compost and PCM
SAMPLE TEXTURE PH
ELECTRICAL
ORGANIC PHOSPHOROUS POTASSIUM
CONDUCTIVITY MATTER
(ppm)
(ppm)
(ms/cm)
(%)
Before
Medium
6.0
0.30
2.0
290
148
After
Medium
6.0
0.51
2.0
170
484
Analyzed by: Department of Agriculture, City of San Fernando, La Union
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
14
Percent Survival
All the potato plants (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of Alnus compost
enriched with processed chicken manure has survived at 30 DAP.
Plant Height
No significant differences were observed on the height of potato plants at 30 and
75 DAP applied with different rates of Alnus compost (Table 3). Numerically, at 30
DAP, the tallest plants were observed on those applied with 25kg of Alnus compost plus
5kg of PCM ( 53.70 cm) while the shortest plants were those applied with 15kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM (50.3 cm). However at 75 DAP, the tallest plants were
observed were those applied with 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (73.67
cm)while the shortest plants were those applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of
PCM (68.80 cm).
Table 3. Plant height of potato (cv. Gloria) at 30DAP and 75DAP applied with different
rates of Alnus compost and PCM
HEIGHT (cm)
TREATMENT
30 DAP 75 DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
51.00
68.80
10kg of Alnus compost
52.00
70.70
15kg of Alnus compost
50.3
73.67
20kg of Alnus compost
50.03
70.00
25kg of Alnus compost
53.70
72.13
CV ( % )
11.41
4.96
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
15
Canopy Cover
Statistically, no significant differences were observed on the canopy cover of
potato at 30 DAP, 45 DAP, 60 DAP, 75 DAP applied with different rates of Alnus
compost (Table 5). Numerically, at 30 DAP the widest canopy cover was observed on the
potato plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (53.33) while the
narrowest canopy cover was observed on the plants applied with 10kg of Alnus compost
plus 5kg of PCM (48.33). At 45 DAP, the highest canopy cover was obtained from the
plants applied with 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (63.00) followed by the
application of25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (60.00) while the narrowest was
obtained from the plants applied with 20kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (59.00).
Relatively, at 60 DAP the widest canopy reduction was the application of 10kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM at 23.00.
Table 4. Canopy cover of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of Alnus
compost and PCM
TREATMENT
CANOPY COVER CANOPY REDUCTION
30 DAP
45DAP
60 DAP
75DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
53.00
59.00
19.00
17.00
10kg of Alnus compost
48.00
60.00
21.00
18.00
15kg of Alnus compost
49.00
63.00
23.00
13.00
20kg of Alnus compost
51.00
59.00
22.00
16.00
25kg of Alnus compost
52.00 60.00 15.00 17.00
CV (%)
3.71
8.93
27.39
20.53
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
16
Plant Vigor
Table 5 shows the plant vigor of the potato plants at 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAP
applied with different rates of Alnus compost. At 30 DAPand 45 DAP, the plants were all
vigorous. At 75 DAP the vigor was from less to poor vigorous due to senescence.
Reaction to Leaf Miner
Visual rating for leaf miner incidence was done at the vegetative stage of the
potato plants (cv. Gloria) as shown in Table 6. No significant differences were observed
on the response of plants to leaf miner occurrence. All the plants were highly resistant. At
60 DAP, plants were highly resistant to moderately resistant and at 75 DAP all were
moderately resistant.
Reaction to Late Blight
Table 7 shows the reaction to late blight of the potato plants at 30 DAP, 45 DAP
60 DAP, and 75 DAP applied with different rates of Alnus compost. At 30 DAP, to
45DAP, plants were highly resistant. At 75 DAP, all plants were moderately susceptible
with blight. The weak resistance of the potato plants despite the favorable weather
condition during the conduct the plant stage could attributed to the varietal
characteristics.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
17
Table 5. Plant vigor of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of Alnus compost
andPCM
TREATMENT
PLANT VIGOR
30 DAP
45DAP
60 DAP
75DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
10kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Poorly
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
15kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Less
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
20kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Less
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
25kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Less
Vigorously
vigorously
vigorously vigorously
Table 6. Leaf miner reaction of potato (cv. Gloria) applied withdifferent rates of Alnus
compost and PCM
TREATMENT
REACTION TO LEAF MINER
30 DAP
45DAP
60 DAP
75DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Intermediately
resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
10kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Highly
Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
15kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Highly
Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
20kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Highly
Moderately
Resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
25kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
resistant
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
18
Table 7. Late blight reaction of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of Alnus
compost and PCM
TREATMENT
REACTION TO LATE BLIGHT INFECTION
30 DAP
45DAP
60 DAP
75DAP
5kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
10kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
15kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
20kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
Resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
25kg of Alnus compost
Highly
Highly
Moderately Moderately
resistant
resistant
resistant
susceptible
Number of Marketable Tubers of Potato
(cv. Gloria)
Potato plants applied with 20kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg PCM significantly
had the most number of super extra-large potato tubers (73) which was comparable with
those plants applied with 25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg PCM (69) . The least tubers
were obtained from plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM with
(52). For extra large sized tubers, plants applied with 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of
PCM (59) had the most tubers which was comparable with those plants applied with 10kg
of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (146). The least tubers were obtained from those
plants applied with 20kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM with 119.
On the big- sized tubers, potato plants applied with 10kg and 15kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM were the most numerous but comparable with those plants
applied with 20kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM. The least tubers were obtained
from the plants applied with 25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM with 124.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
19
For the medium tubers most plants applied with 5kg, 20kg and 25kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kgof PCM were the most, followed by the plants applied with 10kg and
15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM. As to the small tubers, the most were obtained
from plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (Table 8).
Number Non-marketable Tubers of Potato
(cv. Gloria)
Table 9 shows the number of non-marketable tubers. Statistically, no significant
differences were obtained on the number of non-marketable tubers except for the big-
sized tubers. Plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM with14.00 had
the most non-marketable tubers but was comparable with those plants applied with 10kg
of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (13.00).
Table 8. Number of marketable tubers of potato (cv. Gloria) per 10m2 applied with
different rates of Alnus compost
TREATMENT
NUMBER OF MARKETABLE
TUBERS
SXL
XL
B
MD
S
5kg of Alnus compost
52c
143b
133bc
133a
87a
10kg of Alnus compost
62bc
146ab
161a
89b
53c
15kg of Alnus compost
58c
159a
158a
77b
90a
20kg of Alnus compost
73a
119c
145ab
125a
66b
25kg of Alnus compost
69ab
145b
124c
122a
58bc
CV (%)
9.33 5.29
6.09
9.13
9.3
Legend: SXL= super-extra large, XL= extra large, B= big, MD= medium, S= small
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
20
Table 9.Number of non-marketable tubers of potato (cv. Gloria) per10m2 applied with
different rates of Alnus compost and PCM
TREATMENT
NUMBER OF NON- MARKETABLE
TUBERS
SXL XL B MD S
5kg of Alnus compost
7.00
12.00
14.00a
12.00 30.00
10kg of Alnus compost
11.00
10.00
13.00ab
18.00
33.00
15kg of Alnus compost
10.00
11.00
11.00bc
18.00
32.00
20kg of Alnus compost
9.00
9.00
10.00c
19.00
32.00
25kg of Alnus compost
9.00
9.00
10.00c
18.00
29.00
CV (%)
29.15
14.72
13.25
28.23
7.13
Legend: SXL= super-extra large, XL= extra large, B= big, MD= medium, S= small
Weight of Marketable and Non-marketable Tubers of Potato
(cv. Gloria)
No significant differences were observed on the weight of marketable tubers of
potato (cv. Gloria) on the weight of super extra large, extra large, medium to small size as
shown in Table 10.However, plants applied with 10kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of
PCM with 7.33kg significantly had the heaviest weight of big-sized tubers but was
comparable with plants applied with 25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM (6.75kg).
As to the weight of non-marketable tubers, no significant differences were
observed on the potato plants applied with the different rates of Alnus compost.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
21
Table 10. Weight of marketable and non-marketable tubers of potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost and PCM
NON
TREATMENT
MARKETABLE (kg/10m2)
MARKE-TABLE
TUBERS
SXL XL B MD S
5kg of Alnus compost
6.83 8.83 4.16b
1.33 1.33
1.67
10kg of Alnus compost
6.33 8.25 7.33a
0.67 0.67
1.08
15kg of Alnus compost
6.58 7.83 6.41a
1.33 1.33
1.41
20kg of Alnus compost
7.08
7.25
6.08a
1.41 1.41
0.91
25kg of Alnus compost
6.67 7.91 6.75a
0.83 1.16
0.91
CV
(%)
8.72 8.09 11.34 34.68 26.72
22.35
Legend: SXL= super-extra large, XL= extra large, B= big, MD= medium, S= small
Total Yield and Computed Yield
Table 11 shows that the total and computed yield of potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with Alnus compost and PCM had no significant differences. Numerically,15kg of Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM with 23.50kg gave the highest total and computed yield.
Return on Cash Expense
Potato plants applied with 5kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM gave the
highest ROCE. Plants applied with 15kg and 25kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg f Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM produced the highest tuber yield, however, the cost of
amendment was high resulting to lower ROCE (Table 12).
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
22
Table 11.Total yield and computed yield of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost and PCM
TREATMENT
TOTAL YIELD
COMPUTED YIELD
(Kg/10m2)
(tons/ha)
5kg of Alnus compost
23.837
23.837
10kg of Alnus compost
24.33
24.33
15kg of Alnus compost
24.91
24.91
20kg of Alnus compost
24.24
24.41
25kg of Alnus compost
24.41
24.41
CV (% )
6.67
6.67
Table 12.Return on Cash Expense of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates of
Alnus compost and PCM
TREATMENT MARKETABLE
COST OF
GROSS
NET
ROCE
YIELD
PRODUCTION
SALE
INCOME
(%)
(kg/10m2)
(PhP)
(PhP)
(PhP)
5kg of Alnus compost
22.41
684.00
4035.00
3351.00
489.9
10kg of Alnus compost
23.25
732.00
4185.00
3453.00
471.72
15kg of Alnus compost
23.50 780.00
4230.00
3450.00
442.31
20kg of Alnus compost
23.33
828.00
4200.00
3372.00
407.25
25kg of Alnus compost
23.50
876.00
4230.00
3354.00
382.88
*Total cost of production includes cost of planting materials, tractor hire and
fertilizersand yellow plastics.
* Selling price of potato tubers was based on the 60.00 per kilogram.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
23
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
This study was conducted from January 2011 to March 2011 at Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet to: determine the growth and yield of potato (cv.
Gloria) applied with different rates Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken
manure; determine the best rate of Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken
manure on the growth and yield of potato (cv. Gloria); and determine the profitability of
using Alnus compost enriched with processed chicken manure on potato production.
Different rates of Alnus no significant effect on plant height, plant vigor, leaf
miner infestation and potato late blight infection. Significant effects were obtained for
number of marketable tubers and weight of marketable tubers. The best rate was the
application of 15kg of Alnus compost and 5kg of PCM. Highest ROCE was obtained
from plants applied with 5kg Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM.
Conclusions
The potato plants (cv. Gloria) were resistant to leaf miner and late blight
infection. The best rate of the application is 15kg of Alnus compost and 5kg of processed
chicken manure. The highest ROCE was obtained from plants applied with 5kg Alnus
compost plus 5kg of PCM.
Recommendation
Application of 15kg of Alnus compost plus 5kg of PCM is recommended under
organic production at Balili, La Trinidad Benguet.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
24
LITERATURE CITED
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London. Chapman and Hall, LTD. Pp. 317-321.
BETAYAN, R. B. 2009. Rates of Vermicompost as source of Nitrogen on Potato
(Solanumtuberosum var. Igorota) Seed Tuber Production.BS.Thesis.Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 35-37.
CENTRO INTERNACIONAL DE LA PAPA(CIP).2000. Potato Factsheet. Lima
Peru.P.11.
DIDA, N. C.1998. Management of Black Scurf (Rhizobia solani) on potato using alnus
Compost as Soil Conditioner. BS.Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. P.#21.
EBBES, M. 2000. Influence of Alnus compost on the growth and yield of potato.
BS.Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 5-9.
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO).2008.Potato International
Year.Retreived March 12, 2011 www.from potato 2008.org/ en / aboutiyp index.
html.
HIGHLAND AGRICULTURE AND RESOURCES RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT
CONSORTIUM(HARDEC).1996. Highland PotatoTechnoguide .Benguet State
University, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 1-17.
HENFLING, J. W. 1987. Field Screening Procedures to Potato to Evaluate Resistance to
Late Blight. Technology evaluation series no.9182-05.[ Lima, Peru ];
International Potato Center.
MARCELINO, L.B .1995. Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and
yield of NCT. Japonica variety.BS. Thesis.BSU. La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp.4-6.
MARQUEZ, M. 1998. Utilization of azolla as organic fertilizer for cabbage and potato.
MS. Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp. 21-23.
MERCARDO, E.G.1996. Influence of Alnus Compost on the Growth and Yield of
Potato. MS.Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. P. 2.
NEWSOME, J. 2009. Benefits of using Organic Fertilizer Retrieved November 2009
Accessed from http:// www.garden guides. com/78504-benefits –using-organic-
fertilizer- html.
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with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
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NORTHERN PHILIPPINE ROOT CROP RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTER
(NPRCRTC).1998.Highland Potato Techno-guide.Benguet State University. La
Trinidad, Benguet. P. # 24.
NATIONAL SUATAINABLE AGRICULTURE INFORMATION, 2005.Potatoes
Organic Product.Retrieved January 12, 2011 www.from Attar pub/potatoes.html #
organic.
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY.2004.Using compost to control plant disease
Retrieved June 8, 2011 from http://www.jg.com/ BC Articles / 1999/ 0699
Arts.htm.
PHILIPPINE COUNCILAGRICULTURE RESOURCES RESEARCH
DEVELOPMENT (PCARRD) 1979. The Philippines Recommends for fertility
Management.Bulliten Series No. #36 Los Banos, Laguna.P.13.
SANGATNAN, P. D. and R.L. SANGATNAN. 2000. Organic Farming. P. D. Sangatnan
Marketing, Lapaz, Iloilo City.P.145.
SIMONGO,D.K,GATAWA, F.D and G.A.PAYANGDO.2009.Evaluation of Potato
genotypes grown from rooted stem cutting under Mid mountain zone Research
Journal. Benguet State University. La Trinidad Benguet No. #62 (XV) 1-7.Pp.2-3.
SONAC SOCIETE NACIONALE DE COMMERCE. 2008. Honing Strategies for more
Productive and Sustainable Potato-Based Systems. Retrieved from SonacNews
.www. Sonac.biz. Cuco.
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
26
APPENDICES
Appendix Table 1. Percent survival (%) of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates
of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION
TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
100 100
100 300
100
10kg of Alnus compost
100
100
100
300
100
15kg of Alnus compost
100
100
100
300
100
20kg of Alnus compost
100
100
100
300 100
25kg of Alnus compost
100 100
100 300
100
TOTAL
500
500
500
500
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
27
Appendix Table 2. Initial plant height at 30 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
52.5 50.9
49.2 152.6 50.87
10kg of Alnus compost
50.4 53.8
52.9 157.1 52.37
15kg of Alnus compost
51.3 48.6 51 150.9 50.3
20kg of Alnus compost
50.4
52.4
47.3
150.1
50.03
25kg of Alnus compost
52.7 52.9
51.5 158.1 52.7
TOTAL
257.3
258.6
251.9
768.8
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 37.049
18.525
Treatment
4
134.477
33.619
1.04ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
258.671
32.334
TOTAL
14
430.19
ns= not significant
Coefficient of Variation: 11.41 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
28
Appendix Table 3.Final height 75 at DAPof potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
67.8 69.7 68.9 206.4 68.8
10kg of Alnus compost
76.2 68.8 73.1 212.1 70.7
15kg of Alnus compost
70.4 77.5 73.1 221 73.67
20kg of Alnus compost
72.4 70.5 67.6 210 70.00
5kg of Alnus compost
70.6 68.9 76.9 216.4 72.13
TOTAL 357.3
355.4
359.6
1072.3
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 1.765 0.833
Treatment
4
46.809
11.702
0.93ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
100.575
12.572
TOTAL 14
149.149
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variation: 4.96 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
29
Appendix Table 4. Canopy cover at 30 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
50 50 51 151 53.33
5kg of Alnus compost
50 45 50 145 48.33
5kg of Alnus compost
47 49 50 146 48.67
5kg of Alnus compost
51
49
52
152
50.67
5kg of Alnus compost
51 54 51 156 52
TOTAL 249
247
254
750
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 5.200 2.600
Treatment
4
27.333
6.833
1.99ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
27.467
3.433
TOTAL 14
60.000
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variation: 3.71 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
30
Appendix Table 5. Canopy cover 45 DAP potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates
Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
64 58 56 178 59.33
10kg of Alnus compost
63 63 55 181 60.33
15kg of Alnus compost
57 63 69 189 63.00
20kg of Alnus compost
65 56 56 177 59.00
25kg of Alnus compost
57
59
65
181
60.33
TOTAL
306 299
301 906
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 5.200 2.600
Treatment
4
29.600
7.400
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
232.800
29.100
TOTAL 14
267.600
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variation: 8.93%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
31
Appendix Table 6. Canopy reduction at 60 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
18 19 20 57 19.00
10kg of Alnus compost
25 23 14 62 21.00
15kg of Alnus compost
17 22 30 69 23.00
20kg of Alnus compost
29 16 21 66 22.00
25kg of Alnus compost
17 12 18 47 16.00
TOTAL
106
92
103
301
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 21.733
10.867
Treatment
4
99.600
24.900
0.82ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
241.600
30.200
TOTAL 14
362.933
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 13.81 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
32
Appendix Table 7. Canopy reduction at 75 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
21 15 15 51 17.00
10kg of Alnus compost
18 21 15 54 18.00
15kg of Alnus compost
19 5 15 39 13.00
20kg of Alnus compost
17 18 11 46 15.00
25kg of Alnus compost
7 21 23 51 17.00
TOTAL
82
80
79
211
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.933 0.467
Treatment
4
46.267
11.567
0.28ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
325.733
40.717
TOTAL
14
32.933
Coefficient of Variance: 9.67 % ns = not significant
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
33
Appendix Table 8. Plant vigor at 30 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
4 5 4 13 4.33
10kg of Alnus compost
5 4 4 13 4.33
15kg of Alnus compost
4 4 4 12 4.00
20kg of Alnus compost
4 5 4 13 4.33
25kg of Alnus compost
4 4 5 13 4.33
TOTAL
21
22
21
64
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.133 0.
067
Treatment
4
0.267
0.067
0.21ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.533
0.317
TOTAL 14
2.933
ns= not significant Coefficient of Variance:13.19%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
34
Appendix Table 9. Plant vigor at 45 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
4 5 5 14 4.67
10kgof Alnus compost
4 4 5 13 4.33
15kg of Alnus compost
5 4 4 13 4.33
20kg of Alnus compost
4 5 5 14 4.67
25kg of Alnus compost
5 5 4 14 4.67
TOTAL
22
23
23
68
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.133 0.067
Treatment
4
0.400
0.100
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.200
0.400
TOTAL 14
3.733
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 13.95%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
35
Appendix Table 10. Plant vigor at 60 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
3 3
4 10 3.33
10kg of Alnus compost
3 4
3 10 3.33
15kg of Alnus compost
4 3
3 10 3.33
20kg of Alnus compost
3
4
3
10
3.33
25kg of Alnus compost
3 4
3 10 33.33
TOTAL 16
18
16
50
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.133 0.067
Treatment
4
0.400
0.100
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.200
0.400
TOTAL 14
3.733
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 13.95%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
36
Appendix Table 11. Plant vigor at 75 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
2 2 2 6 3
10kg of Alnus compost
1 2 2 5 1.67
15kg of Alnus compost
2 2 2 6 2
20kg of Alnus compost
2 3 2 7 2.33
25kg of Alnus compost
3 2 2 7 2.33
TOTAL 10
11
10
31
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.533 0.067
Treatment
4
0.000
0.000
0.00ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.800
0.350
TOTAL 14
3.333
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance:17.75 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
37
Appendix Table 12. Leaf miner infestation at 30 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
1 2
2
5
1.67
10kg of Alnus compost
2 1
2
5
1.67
15kg of Alnus compost
2 2
1
5
1.67
20kg of Alnus compost
1 2
2
5
1.67
25kg of Alnus compost
2 1
2
5
1.67
TOTAL
8
8
9
25
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication
2
0.133
0.067
Treatment
4
0.933
0.233
1.00ns.
3.84
7.01
Error
8
1.867
0.233
TOTAL 14
2.933
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance:23.37 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
38
Appendix Table 13. Leaf miner infestation at 45 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
1 2 1 4 1.33
10kg of Alnus compost
2 1 1 4 1.33
15kg of Alnus compost
1 1 2 4 1.33
20kg of Alnus compost
1
1
2
4
1.33
25kg of Alnus compost
1 2 1 4 1.33
TOTAL 6
7
7
20
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.133 0.067
Treatment
4
0.000
0.000
0.00ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.200
0.400
TOTAL 14
3.333
ns = Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 3.333%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
39
Appendix Table 14. Leaf miner infestation at 60 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
1 2 2
5
1.67
10kg of Alnus compost
2 1 1
4
1.33
15kg of Alnus compost
1 2 1
4
1.33
20kg of Alnus compost
2 1 1
4
1.33
25kg of Alnus compost
1 1 2
4
1.33
TOTAL 7
7
7
21
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.000 0.000
Treatment
4
0.267
0.067
0.16ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.333
0.417
TOTAL 14
3.600
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 46.11%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
40
Appendix Table 15. Leaf miner infestation at 75 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
3 2 3 7 2.33
10kg of Alnus compost
3 2 3 8 2.67
15kg of Alnus compost
3 2 3 8 2.67
20kg of Alnus compost
3 2 3 8 2.67
25kg of Alnus compost
3 3 2 8 2.67
TOTAL 15
11
14
39
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 1.733 0.867
Treatment
4
0.000
0.000
0.00ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
1.600
0.200
TOTAL 14
3.333
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance:37.85 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
41
Appendix Table 16. Late blight infection at 30, 45, 60 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
2 1 2 5
1.67
10kg of Anus compost
1 2 2 5
1.67
15kg of Alnus compost
2 2 1 5
1.67
20kg of Alnus compost
2 1 1 4
1.33
25kg of Alnus compost
2 1 2 5
1.67
TOTAL 9
7
8
24
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.400 0.200
Treatment
4
0.267
0.067
0.18ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.933
0.367
TOTAL 14
3.600
ns = Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 37.85%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
42
Appendix Table 17. Late blight infection at 75 DAP of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
7 7
22
7.33
10kg of Alnus compost
6 7 7 20 6.67
15kg of Alnus compost
7 6 6 20 6.67
20kg of Alnus compost
6
6
7
19
6.33
25kg of Alnus compost
6 6 7 19 6.33
TOTAL 32
25
34
91
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.400 0.200
Treatment
4
2.267
0.567
1.54ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.933
0.367
TOTAL 14
5.600
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance:9.17 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
43
Appendix Table 18. Number of marketable tuber SXLof potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
54 44
58 156 52c
10kg of Alnus compost
63 58
65 186 62bc
15kg of Alnus compost
59 65
50 174 58c
20kg of Alnus compost
75 75
69 218 73a
25kg of Alnus compost
70 65
72 207 69ab
TOTAL 321
307
314
941
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 19.600 9.800
Treatment
4
848.400
212.100
6.18*
3.84
7.01
Error
8
274.400
34.300
TOTAL
14
1142.400
*= significant
Coefficient of Variance: 9.33 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
44
Appendix Table 19. Number of marketable tuber extra- largeof potato (cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I
II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
144 134 150
399.00
133bc
10kg of Alnus compost
159 135 145
482.00
482a
15kg of Alnus compost
160 161 155
473.00
158a
20kg of Alnus compost
126 121 110
434.00
145ab
25kg of Alnus compost
145 139 151 373
124a
TOTAL
734 720 711 2165
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 193.733
96.867
Treatment
4
2503.333
625.833
11.02**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
454.267
56.783
TOTAL
14
3151.333
**= highly significant
Coefficient of Variance: 6.09 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
45
Appendix Table 20.Number of marketable tuber bigof potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
134 140
399
133bc
10kg of Alnus compost
158 164
160 482 161a
15kg of Alnus compost
160 161
152 473 158a
20kg of Alnus compost
160
130
145
317
145ab
5kg of Alnus compost 131 127 115 373 124c
TOTAL 903 707 684 2294
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 155.733
77.867
Treatment
4
2918.267
729.567
9.49**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
614.933
76.867
Total 14
3688.933
**= highly significant
Coefficient of Variance: 6.09 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
46
Appendix Table 21. Number of marketable tuber mediumof potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
134.00 125.00
140.00
399.00 133a
10kg of Alnus compost
98.00 84.00
90.00
266.00 89b
15g of Alnus compost
63.00 88.00
79.00
230.00
76.67b
20kg of Alnus compost
126.00 130.00
119.00
375.00 125a
25kg of Alnus compost
127.00 127.00
112.00
366.00 122a
TOTAL 548.00
554.00
540.00
1642.0
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 16.533 8.267
Treatment
4
7379.600
1844.900
18.62**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
792.800
99.100
TOTAL
14
8188.933
**= highly significant
Coefficient of Variance:9.13 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
47
Appendix Table 22. Number of marketable tuber of potato small (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
92 81
88
261 87a
10kg of Alnus compost
49 60
57
158 53c
15kg of Alnus compost
90 88
91
269 89a
20kg of Alnus compost
70 64
64
198 66b
25kg of Alnus compost
53 60
60
173
58bc
TOTAL 354
353
360
1067
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 11.200 5.600
Treatment
4
3427.600
856.900
19.54**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
350.800
43.850
TOTAL
14
3789.800
**=highly significant
Coefficient of Variance: 9.38 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
48
Appendix Table 23. Weightof potato super extra- large (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
7.00 6.00 7.50 20.5.0 6.833
10kg of Alnus compost
5.50 6.5 6.00 19.00 6.333
15kg of Alnus compost
6.75 6.00 7.00 19.750 6.583
20kg of Alnus compost
7.00
6.75
7.50
21.250
7.083
25kg of Alnus compost
6.75 7.00 6.25 20.000 6.667
TOTAL 33.00
32.25
34.25
99.50
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.225 0.113
Treatment
4
0.942
0.235
0.68ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.733
0.342
Total
14
3.900
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 8.72 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
49
Appendix Table 24. Weight of potato extra- large (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
8.25 9.00
9.25
26.5
8.83
10kg of Alnus compost
9.00 8.25
7.50
26.5
8.83
15kg of Alnus compost
8.00 6.75
8.75
23.5
7.83
20kg of Alnus compost
7.25 7.00
7.50
21.75
7.25
25kg of Alnus compost
8.25 7.5.0
8.00
23.75
7.92
TOTAL 40.75
38.5
41.00
120.25
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.225 0.113
Treatment
4
0.942
0.235
0.68ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
2.733
0.342
Total 14
3.900
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 8.09 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
50
Appendix Table 25. Weight of potato big tubers (cv. Gloria) applied with different
rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
4.25 3.50 4.73 12.50 4.167b
10kg of Alnus compost
6.75 7.75 7.5 22.00 7.333a
15kg of Alnus compost
6.25 6.25 6.75 19.25 6.417a
20kg of Alnus compost
6.25 7.00 5.00 18.25 6.083a
25kg of Alnus compost
6.00 7.25 7.00 20.25 6.750a
TOTAL 29.5
31.75
30.98
92.23
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.525 0.262
Treatment
4
17.308
4.327
8.89**
3.84
7.01
Error
8
3.892
0.486
TOTAL
14
21.725
** =highly significant
Coefficient of Variance: 11.34 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
51
Appendix Table 26. Weight of medium of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates
of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
.75 1.75 1.5
4 1.333
10kg of Alnus compost
.25 1 0.75 2 0.667
15kg of Alnus compost
1.25 1 1.75 4 1.333
20kg of Alnus compost
.75 1.75 1.75 4.25 1.417
25kg of Alnus compost
1.5 1.5 .5 3.50 1.167
TOTAL 4.5
7
6.25
17.75
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 0.758 0.379
Treatment
4
1.400
0.350
2.33ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
1.200
0.150
TOTAL 14
3.358
ns
=Not
significant
Coefficient of Variance: 34.68 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
52
Appendix Table 27.Weight of smallof potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different rates
rates of compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
.75 1.75 1.5
4 1.333
10kg of Alnus compost
.25 1 0.75 2 0.667
15kg of Alnus compost
1.25 1 1.75
4 1.333
20kg of Alnus compost
.75 1.75 1.75 4.25 1.417
25kg of Alnus compost
1 1 .50 2.50
0.833
TOTAL 4
7
7.25
18.25
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 1.158 0.379
Treatment
4
1.100
0.350
2.275ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
0.800
0.150
TOTAL 14
3.058
ns
=Not
significant
Coefficient of Variance: 26.72 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
53
Appendix Table 28. Number of non- marketable tuber SXLof potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION
TOTAL MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
10 11 0 21 7.000
10kg of Alnus compost
11
10
13
34
11.333
15kg of Alnus compost
12 9 10 31
10.333
20kg of Alnus compost
9
8
10
27
9.000
25kg of Alnus compost
9 10 8 27
9.000
TOTAL 51
48
41
140
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 28.133
14.067
Treatment
4
32.000
8.000
1.08ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
59.200
7.400
Total
14
119.333
ns= not significant
Coefficient of Variance:29.15 %
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
54
Appendix Table 29. Number of non- marketable tuber extra- large of potato(cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
12 11 13 36 12
10kg of Alnus compost
10 11 9 30 10
15kgof Alnus compost
9 13
12 34
11.83
20kg of Alnus compost
10 7 9 26
8.67
25kg of Alnus compost
8 10
10 28
9.33
TOTAL 49
52
53
153
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 1.733 0.867
Treatment
4
22.933
5.733
2.51ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
18.267
2.283
Total
14
42.933
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 14.72%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
55
Appendix Table 30.Number of non- marketable tuber bigof potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
16 12
15 43 14a
10kg of Alnus compost
12 14
12 38 13ab
15kg of Alnus compost
13 10
11 34 11bc
20kg of Alnus compost
10
12
9
31
10c
25kg of Alnus compost
11 9
10 30 10c
TOTAL 57
57
57
171
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 3.333 1.667
Treatment
4
38.267
9.567
3.96*
3.84
7.01
Error
8
19.333
2.417
Total 14
60.933
*= significant
Coefficient of Variance: 13.25%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
56
Appendix Table 31. Number of non- marketable tuber mediumof potato (cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II
III
5kg of Alnus compost
18 19
17 54
11.667
10kg of Alnus compost
17 18
20 55
18.333
15kg of Alnus compost
18 16
19 53
17.667
20kg of Alnus compost
19
20
18
57
19.000
25klg of Alnus compost
18 20
17 55
18.333
TOTAL 90
93
91
274
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM OF
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
SQUARES SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 36.400
18.200
Treatment
4
109.333
27.333
1.18ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
184.267
23.033
Total
14
330.000
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 28.33%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
57
Appendix Table 32. Number of non- marketable tuber smallof potato (cv. Gloria)
applied with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
32 30 29 91 30.33
10kg of Alnus compost
29 33 36 98 32.67
15kg of Alnus compost
30 35 31 96 32
20kg of Alnus compost
31 34 30 95 31.67
25kg of Alnus compost
28 30 29 87 29
TOTAL
150 162 155 467
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 14.533 0.867
Treatment
4
25.733
5.733
1.30ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
39.467
2.283
Total 14
79.733
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 7.13%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
58
Appendix Table 33. Total weight of non- marketable tuber of potato (cv. Gloria) applied
with different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
1.25
1
1.25
3.5
1.16
10kg of Alnus compost
1.5
1
.75
3.25
1.08
15kg
of
Alnus
compost
1.25 1.75 1.25 4.25 1.41
20kg of Alnus compost
1
1
.75
2.75
0.91
25kg of Alnus compost
1 .75 1 2.75
0.91
TOTAL
6 5.5 5 16.5
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 6.025 3.012
Treatment
4
2.442
0.610
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
19.183
2.398
Total
14
27.650
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 7.13%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
59
Appendix Table 34. Total yield per 10m2of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with different of
Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
22.25 23.00 24.50 70.75 23.58
10kg of Alnus compost
23.75 26.00 23.00 72.75 24.25
15kg of Alnus compost
24.75 22.75 27.25 70.50 24.92
20kg of Alnus compost
23.25 25.25 24.00 72.50 24.16
25kg of Alnus compost
24.00
24.75
24.5
73.25
24.41
TOTAL 95.59
121.75
123.00
359.5
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 6.025 3.012
Treatment
4
2.442
0.610
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
19.183
2.398
Total
14
27.650
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 6.67%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
60
Appendix Table 35.Computed yield (tons/ha) of potato (cv. Gloria) applied with
different rates of Alnus compost enriched with PCM
TREATMENT REPLICATION TOTAL
MEAN
I II III
5kg of Alnus compost
22.25
23.00 24.50 70.75 23.58
10kg of Alnus compost
23.75
26.00 23.00 72.75 24.25
15kg of Alnus compost
24.75
22.75 27.25 70.50 24.92
20kg of Alnus compost
23.25
25.25 24.00 72.50 24.16
25kg of Alnus compost
24.00
24.75
24.5
73.25
24.41
TOTAL
95.59 121.75
123.00
359.5
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SOURCE
DEGREE
SUM
MEAN
COMPUTED TABULATED
OF
OF
OF
SQUARE
F
F
VARIANCE FREEDOM SQUARES
0.05% 0.01%
Replication 2 6.025 3.012
Treatment
4
2.442
0.610
0.25ns
3.84
7.01
Error
8
19.183
2.398
Total
14
27.650
ns= Not significant
Coefficient of Variance: 6.67%
Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected by the Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched
with Processed Chicken Manure in Balili, La Trinidad Benguet /Willer L. Gayda. 2012
Document Outline
- Growth and Yield of Potato as Affected bythe Different Rates of Alnus Compost Enriched with Processed Chicken Manure inBalili, La Trinidad Benguet
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDICES