BIBLIOGRAPHY

SIDDAYAO, JAYRALYN Y. APRIL 2012. Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign
Posters in Irisan, Baguio City.Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.

Adviser: Filmore Y. Awas, MDC
ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-dengue campaign posters in Barangay
Irisan, Baguio City. It was conducted on January 2012.
To determine the socio-demographic profile of the respondents; respondents’ awareness
on the posters; respondents’ evaluations on the campaign posters; and the respondents’
suggestions regarding the campaign posters; data were obtained from the respondents thru survey
questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion. Key Informant Interview was used in gathering
background information, too.
Results revealed that the respondents were aware of the locations where the anti-dengue
campaign posters are. To identify, these posters were posted in Baguio General Hospital and
Baguio Health Department, barangay health center, schools’ waiting shed and some electric
posts around the community. Also, of the respondents passed the given quiz implying that they
have retained knowledge about dengue after reading the posters. The message in the campaign
posters was easily understood. Further, all the three posters generated almost the same rating
(good) in terms of contents, text, layout, color and graphics. The posters were comprehensible
enough, too.

It is recommended that anti-dengue campaign posters should be constantly disseminated
to remind the public to be aware on dengue; to facilitate proper posting of the anti-dengue
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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campaign posters, barangay health workers should monitor the posters in their locations. Also,
implementors may consider the recommendations given by the respondents in improving the
anti-dengue campaign posters; pictures/ graphics of prominent cartoon characters may be
considered to be used to attract more viewers, as suggested by the respondents; and further
studies related to this research may be conductedinorder to determine the practices of the people
after being exposed with the anti-dengue campaign posters.
 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography................................................................................................... i
Abstract ............................................................................................................
i
Table of Contents..............................................................................................
iii
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................
1
Rationale................................................................................................ 1
Statement of the Problem.......................................................................
3
Objectives of the Study..........................................................................
3
Importance of the Study.........................................................................
4
Scope and Limitation of the Study.........................................................
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE...........................................................................
5
Dengue. ................................................................................................
5
Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Materials.............
6
Health Information Dissemination.......................................................
7
Communication Methods.....................................................................
8
Media as a tool in Health Education.....................................................
8
Effectiveness of IEC Materials.............................................................
9
Poster.................................................................................................... 9

Advantages and limitations of a poster................................................
10
Effective Campaign Poster Design and Production.............................
11
METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………………... 14
Locale and Time of the Study.............................................................
14
Respondents of the Study....................................................................
16
Sample of the Study............................................................................
17

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Data Collection...................................................................................
18
Data Gathered.....................................................................................
19
Data Analysis......................................................................................
19
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS....................................................................
20
Socio Demographic Profile of the Respondents...................................
20
Respondents’ awareness on the campaign posters...............................
22
Respondents’ knowledge on Dengue..................................................
26
Respondents’ evaluations on the campaign posters.............................
27
Comprehensibility of the Poster ..........................................................
32
Respondents’ Benefits, Problems
Encountered and Recommended Solutions.........................................
45

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS....................
46
Summary............................................................................................... 46
Conclusions.......................................................................................... 47
Recommendations................................................................................ 48
LITERATURE CITED.....................................................................................
49
APPENDICES.................................................................................................. 51
A. Survey Questionnaire…………………………………………….
51
B. Guide Questions………………………………………………......
62
C. Guide Questions……………………………………………….......
63
D. Letter to Barangay Captain………………………………………..
65
E. Evaluation of Poster 1 …………………………………………….
66
F. Evaluation of Poster 2…………………………………………….
67
G. Evaluation of Poster 3 …………………………………………….
68
 

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INTRODUCTION

Rationale

Communication strategies play a vital role in every communication campaign as it
leads audiences to easier understanding of what is being campaigned.

In the Philippines, the Department of Health, being the principal health agency
responsible for ensuring access to basic public health services to all Filipinos, is also
using different communication strategies to disseminate its health programs in the
grassroots level. Different communication materials such as posters, flyers, brochures,
leaflets, video productions, television and radio ads are widely used as part of their
communication strategies.

With the on-set of rainy season, the Aedesaegyptiis on attack. In recent reports of
the DOH, dengue is an increasing public health problem in the Philippines. The number
of dengue victim cases has been fluctuating this year and has been considered as a year-
round health risk in the country when the cases soared to higher levels.

Department of Health (DOH-CAR) Regional Director Dr. Myrna Cabotaje
reported significant decrease in recorded dengue cases in the Cordillera region in 2011
compared to the cases recorded in 2010. According to Cabotaje, 6,409 dengue cases were
recorded from January 1 to December 3, 2011, which is 26 percent lower compared to the
4,713 cases recorded during the same period last year. Cabotaje reported that Kalinga
recorded that Baguio City has a number of cases of 513.
To help combat the problem, a wide campaign is being conducted by DOH
especially in local levels where most of these cases can be found. Part of their campaign
is the production of posters of different treatments related to dengue.
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In Baguio City, the Baguio Health Department (BHD) confirmed lately that
although there is a decrease of Dengue cases in the city this year, their campaign posters
are still being distributed to different barangays to further increase the awareness of the
members of the community. The anti-dengue campaign posters aim to raise public
awareness and call attention of stakeholders, communities and the academe to prevent the
outbreak. BHD added that the anti-dengue campaign posters intended to promote
appropriate health strategies for dengue-disease control in the community.
These posters are just one of the printed media being used in disseminating health
information campaigns. These are printed in a tarpaulin displayed in public areas, which
convey simple yet meaningful messages using words, illustrations and graphics.

As the BHD is implementing all necessary preventive measures to avert the
further increase and decrease of dengue fever cases in the City, it is but proper to evaluate
the campaign poster materials used to determine the respondents’ perceived benefits
therein.
In support to this endeavor, the BHD noted that there really is a need for their
program to be evaluated for the institution to see if their posters are contributing
something in increasing the awareness of the members of the community about dengue.

With this, effects of the produced campaign posters are yet to be determined.
There is therefore a need to evaluate the campaign posters by the people. The results may
be considered by the health workers for future planning and production of more effective
posters.



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Statement of the Problem

This study evaluated the anti -dengue campaign posters in Irisan, Baguio City. As
such, it answered the following questions:

1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents?

2. What are the respondents’ awareness on the campaign posters?

3. What are the respondents’ knowledge on dengue?

4. What is the respondents’ evaluation on the campaign posters in terms of
content, word/text, layout, color, and graphics/illustrations?
5. How comprehensible is the poster?
6. What are the respondents’ suggestions regarding the campaign posters?

Objective of the Study


Generally, the study evaluated the anti -dengue campaign posters in Irisan,
Baguio City.
Specifically, the study:
1. determined the socio-demographic profile of the respondents;
2. determined the respondents’ awareness on the campaign posters;
3. determined the respondents’ knowledge on dengue;
4. determined the respondents’ evaluations on the campaign posters in terms of
content, word/text, layout, color, and graphics/illustrations;
5. determined the comprehensibility of the poster;
6. identified the respondents’ suggestions regarding the campaign posters.


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Importance of the Study

This study evaluated the anti- dengue campaign posters in Irisan, Baguio City and
intended to emphasize the importance of health information dissemination to the
residents.
The result of the study may provide insights to health workers, particularly to the
implementing agency, if information presented in the campaign posters has an impact to
the audience, be it positive or negative, to the stakeholders.
Results of this study, through the suggestions, may also serve as a foundation for
the health workers, particularly to the implementing agency—in creating or developing
effective programs.
Also, the result of the study may help other researchers with the same scope of
study.


Scope and Limitation of the Study
The study delimited its scope on evaluation of anti-dengue campaign posters,
respondents’ knowledge and practices regarding dengue and its preventive measures as
affected by the campaign posters respondents’ evaluations on the campaign posters; and
the respondents’ suggestions regarding the campaign poster to the beneficiaries or end-
users in Irisan, Baguio City.

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Dengue

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, bleeding) is
potentially lethal complication, affecting mainly children. Early clinical diagnosis and
careful clinical management by experienced physicians and nurses increase survival of
patients (Banhart, 1995).
Banhart added that dengue hemorrhagic fever is an infection caused by dengue
virus which is transmitted by the bite of an infective female Aedesmosquito. Aedes
mosquitoes are “day biters” and biting activities peak at 6-8:00 in the morning and at 4-6
p.m. in the afternoon.
The signs and symptoms of dengue fever are: on-and-off fever lasting for two to
seven days; loss of appetite; nausea/vomiting; abdominal pain; body weakness; small
reddish spots on chest area, arms and legs; bleeding signs (nose and gum bleeding,
vomiting blood, bloody stools and abdominal pain); restlessness; weak, rapid pulse; cold,
clammy skin; and difficulty in breathing. Dengue occurs in tropical and subtropical areas
of the world. Symptoms appear 3-14 days after the infective bite. Dengue fever is a
febrile illness that affects infants, young children and adults (Banhart, 1995).

According to the Center for Disease and Control Prevention (CDCP, n.d.), the
first reported epidemics of dengue fever occurred in Asia, Africa and North America in
the year, 1779-1780.
Accordingly, according to same center, dengue has emerged as a major public
health problem in Southeast Asia, with the region accounting for 52% of the global
dengue risk. The transmission of dengue is facilitated by uncontrolled urbanization,
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environmental degradation, the lack of reliable water supply, and improper waste
management and disposal of solid waste.
Furthermore,
Oishiet al. (n.d.) as cited by Dango (2009) added that dengue has
emerged as the most important mosquito- borne human viral disease in the Philippines.
Historically, dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) have been reported
predominantly among urban and peri-urban populations, where the density of dwellings
increases the likelihood of transmission, but this epidemiology is changing rapidly. The
Aedesaegypti mosquito is highly domesticated, lives and breeds in and around houses,
and feeds exclusively on humans.
Dengue can be killed with action. According to Duque (2008) as cited by Dango
(2009), the key to solve the dengue menace is through disseminating information. This is
through printed materials such as posters.

Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Materials

Information, Education and Communication (IEC) materials are very relevant to
strengthening industry participation and raising awareness among its stakeholders. IEC
material is an approach, which attempts to reinforce a set of behaviors in a target
audience regarding a specific product or service. It generally combines strategies,
approaches and methods that enable individuals, groups, and communities to play active
roles in achieving the set goals (ATI, 2010).

According to the United Nations Fund for Population Activities (1999), these
communication materials combine approaches and methods that enable individuals,
families, groups, organizations and communities to play active roles in achieving,
protecting and sustaining their own health.
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Dunning (2011) agrees with this saying that Information, Education and
Communication (IEC) materials are an important component of mass communication or
public information campaigns. Their effectiveness depends on the nature of the materials
and their combination with other communication techniques, such as face-to-face
education.

Health Information Dissemination

Campaign materials play a very significant role in the intensification of
information dissemination.

Information dissemination in the health services context is a sectoral policy to
influence patient's care-seeking and providers' service delivery behavior. Through this,
governments can encourage the public to seek qualified providers and demand
appropriate health services (World Bank, 2011).
Public Information and Health Education Service (1992) supported this
confirming that the demands for increased health information and education support to
service programs of the Department of Health (DOH) necessitates the creation of an
expanded, creative service for information, communications, and education for health
that is responsive to the needs and challenges of the various services/ programs of the
DOH. Moreover, the public promotions component of health programs should be
implemented hand in hand with service delivery and other components. It must be with
preparation of logistics, available facilities and services and orientation of personnel
before public promotions start.In addition, the challenge to health information
disseminators remain because even if the information reaches the public, it is difficult to
ensure that they will listen to it, understand it, and take the appropriate action.
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Communication Methods

According to the Public Information and Health Education Service (1992),
Communication methods should be a priority approach in reaching consumers and
general public because of its effectivity in achieving changes in knowledge, attitudes,
values and perceptions, beliefs and norms of the beneficiaries especially for early
adoptors.

Moreover, PIHES (1992) added that public promotion is the application of
marketing thoughts and principles for the attainment of social, political and/or economic
goals. It is congruence and a conjugation of public relations, advertising, propaganda
persuasion and public opinion.

Media as a Tool in Health Education

According to Tiglao and Keyes (1958), media in health education may be grouped
into spoken word and printed matter. The spoken word is of course the universal and
cheapest medium of communication. We use it all the time and everywhere with all our
teaching methods and materials whether the learners are literate or not. Some of includes
the Lecture Method, Modified Lecture, forum, panel discussion, symposium and seminar.
Tools that aid the spoken words include flipchart, flannel board, and filmstrips.
On the otherhand, the written word or the printed word are in the forms of leaflets
and pamphlets, press releases, posters, booklets, exhibits, bulletin board and the like.
Through these media, a greater number of people are reached (Tiglao and Keyes, 1958).

Effectiveness of IEC Materials

Communication materials can reflect community experiences, challenge common
attitudes and behaviors, stimulate critical thinking and move people to take action. Many
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organizations choose to develop and print materials with community members for wide
distribution and use, while others work with small groups of community members to
develop materials specific for their learning processes (Raising Voices, 2009).

Some guidelines for effective communication were mentioned by Wilcox et al.
(1986) as cited by Diaz (2006): everything is approached from the viewpoint of the
audience interest; the audience is given a sense of involvement in the communication
process and in what is going on; the subject matter is made apart of the atmosphere that
the audience live with; people are not communicated with, not at them; the message is
localized; a number of channels of communication is used; consistency is maintained;
each message is tailored for the specific audiences; point is surely made; and credibility is
maintained.

Poster

A poster is a single sheet of visual, containing very little text and large
photographs or illustrations, used to promote awareness. It carries the theme of the
awareness campaign through a short and easy to memorize slogan (Mindanao Training
Resource Center, n.d).

RITC (1999) supported this saying that poster is intended to attract initial
attention and provide constant reminder about a recommendation or message. It should
direct the audience toward source of more detailed information.
Size: 18"x 24"
Color: Max. 6
Credit: program, agencies involved, sponsors (if any)
Format:
(1) Poster number at upper right corner
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(2) Sponsors or implementing agencies and program and year produced, at
bottom
Advantages and Limitations of a Poster

RITC (1999) has identified the following advantages and disadvantages of a
poster:
A.) Advantages
1. It can command attention.
2. It can be read or viewed repeatedly while it stands in its place.
3. It can be replaced readily when it is time for new message to be posted.
4. It can reinforce other media used for the same informational campaign.
5. It is relatively cheap.
B.) Disadvantages
1. It may be concealed or drowned by competing posters in same area or
place.
2. It cannot contain details of information/ campaign.
3. Poster planning, design and production need special skills.



Natec (2008) as cited by Dango (2009) stated that poster is technical and costly in
nature. Poster production requires the knowledge of an expert (lay-out artists) and
requires materials which are generally more expensive than slides such as large prints,
title banners, mat boards and the like. These made the posters time consuming to make.
Decisions must be made in advance for layout, color and materials. Careful planning
isneeded to minimize expenses. The audience must also have the knowledge to interpret
or
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understand what is being presented in the posters.
Effective Campaign Poster Design and Production
Tiglao and Keyes (1958) said that campaign posters can be used by themselves;
as part of an exhibit or display because they exert great visual power. Boldness,
directness, simplicity, dynamism, shock any or all of these quantities may be used in
order to drive one dominant idea.
They added that a poster, like a billboard, should tell its story at a glance. Posters
are intended to attract attention rapidly to a simple word or idea. They are designed to
familiarize by continual repetition, but they should be used sparingly and for a definite
purpose, and should be changed frequently, less their impact will be lost.
Mindanao Training Resource Center (n.d.) enumerated eight steps for poster
design and production. These are:
1. Analyze your audience- their characteristics and needs.
2. Write down your objective.
3. Determine the message which the poster must carry.
4.Choose a short and crispy title/ headline in an active form. It must encourage
action.
5. Design our poster. Consider these design principles:
5.1 Balance: the equilibrium in the design. This can be formal or informal.
5.2 Proportion: the mathematical relationship of all parts of the page.
5.3 Emphasis: the striking element. See to it that your design carries a striking
note. You must use color, stimulate motion and size.
5.4 Rhythm: refers to dynamics. The illusion of motion/speed.
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5.5 Contrast: difference that catches the attention.
5.6
Harmony: blending of the elements of the design to support the
central idea or message.
6. Start to develop your illustrations. Aim for simple idea- direct to the point and
with impact.
7. Divide the elements into four- the illustration, text/title, the body copy and
the open space.
8. Develop a thumbnail sketch that includes layout, color, lettering, and other
specifications.
9.Have the concept evaluated by a subject matter specialist. Then finalize it to
produce your prototype.
10. Field test your prototype among clientele.

Pioquinto (1992), as cited by Amadeo (2004), stated that communication
materials must contain messages that are appropriate and adaptable in our locality.
Successful posters must catch the eye immediately, hold attention, and impress the
passerby with an idea, tact or theme. It must also be held simple and direct.
To make an effective campaign poster, first, decide the key idea to be
communicated. Second, choose on illustration which will convey that message. Third,
decide what captions what you will need to make the idea perfectly clear. Fourth,
make illustration tell the story with short captions. Fifth, use the best illustration to
convey your message, putting into consideration the cartoons, photographs,
silhouettes, and the like. Lastly, use color to attract attention or emphasize a point or
give a mere pleasing effect (Tiglao and Keyes, 1958).
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Getting a campaign message across successfully depends largely on its design.
RITC (1999) added that most people glance at a poster only long enough to
identify it. If it is graphically exciting or deals with the viewers’ specific interest, chances
are people will look at all details and get the complete message.

To make an effective campaign poster design, elements of poster design should be
considered. Mindanao Training Resource Center (n.d.) identified five elements of poster
design as follows:

Slogan. Short, simple and easy to memorize line; commands and encourages
action; big enough to be read even by fast moving people, readable at viewing distance of
15 to 16 feet.
Words/Texts. Short, simple, plain type; written on plain background.
Illustrations and Graphics.Big and visible at viewing distance of 5 to 16 feet;
reinforce the slogan, headline or text; simple but attention-getting.

Colors.At most three colors reinforcing visibility of illustration/ graphics and
enough to attract attention of viewers; add realistic effects to visuals and highlight center
of interest.

Layout. Leads eye to center of interest; follows normal left to right and top to
bottom reading/ viewing directions or patterns; balance and blend the different elements;
simple and with empty breathing spaces.



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METHODOLOGY


Locale and Time of the Study


The study was conducted in Irisan, Baguio City (Figure 1).
Baguio City is located some 1,500 meters above sea level, nestled within the
Cordillera Central mountain range in northern Luzon. The city is enclosed by the
province of Benguet. It covers a small area of 57.5 square kilometers. Most of the
developed part of the city is built on uneven, hilly terrain of the northern section.
Irisan is the biggest and most populated barangay in Baguio City, Philippines. It
accounted for about seven percent of the Baguio City's population. It is composed of
537.54 hectares with 28 purok. Also, it is called the Smoky Mountain of Baguio City and
is indirectly likened to the Tondo district of the city of Manila.

Irisan, Baguio City was chosen because it is the biggest barangay composing the
City of Pines. Most especially, it was chosen because dengue occurrence in the place is
relatively being prevented through various preventive measures, averting the further
increase of dengue cases therein. This is due to an experience of dengue cases in the
place.

The questionnaire used by the respondent was patterned and improved based from
the instrument of the Department of Health.The study was conducted on January 2012.


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IRISAN, BAGUIO CITY 











Figure 1. Map of Irisan, Baguio City showing the locale of the study


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Respondents of the Study
For the evaluation of the campaign posters, the respondents were 32 residents of
Irisan, Baguio City. In particular, they were the parents, students, out of school youths,
educators and purok leaders. The researcher got five respondents from the identified
sectors. The respondents were chosen via purposive sampling. Nine respondents were
each from purok 3, 10, 27. The researcher also had five purok leaders as respondents who
represented variouspurok.
Further, only three purok were considered by the researcher to represent the
whole barangay since it is where the cases of dengue were experienced. This was
suggested by the barangay officials in the place through personal interview.
In addition, two Barangay Health Workers (BHW) were interviewed regarding
the distribution of posters in the place.
BHWs wereassured to give credible answers because they themselves were the
once familiar with the distribution of posters in the place. Other respondents such as the
parents, students, out of school youths, educators and barangay leaders were chosen
because they were believed to have represented various sectors of the community well.
In addition, two Baguio Health Department personnel evaluated the poster as they
were believed to be experts in terms of the poster’s scientific accuracy.
For the lay-out, the researcher had accumulated suggestions from the respondents
as a basis in preparing an improved design of posters. The suggestions were submitted to
the layout artist of the BHD for the layout improvement.
Generally, the respondents of the study were thirty two residents of Irisan, Baguio
City; two BHW, and two BHD personnel.


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Sample of the Study
The study evaluated the anti-dengue campaign posters, respondents’ knowledge,
attitude and practices regarding dengue and its preventive measures as affected by the
campaign posters respondents’ evaluations on the campaign posters; and the respondents’
suggestions regarding the campaign poster to the beneficiaries or end-users in Irisan,
Baguio City.
Poster on Misconceptions about Dengue.The poster 1 (see page 70) talks on the
possible false impressions about dengue. It presents facts and myths about dengue. The
poster aims to clarify confusions and correct the wrong notions on dengue.
The size of the poster is 10X 14 ft. The poster has three different font styles and
colors, with white as the dominant color. The language used was English.
Further, it usedfour illustrations of young and adult people with three logos of
health institutions such as Department of Health, Asian Development Bank and World
Health Organization.
Poster on How to Prevent and Control Dengue.The poster(see page71)shows the
poster on the ways of dengue prevention at home, in school and in the community. The
poster contained information on the ways of preventing and controlling dengue. The
information mentioned was supplemented by graphics in motion.
The size of the poster is 10X 14 ft. The poster has three different font styles and
colors, with white as the dominant color. The language used was English.
Also, it used ten illustrations. Graphics portray the things that are needed to be
conducted inorder to prevent and control dengue. The plate consists of three logosof
health institutions such as Department of Health, ADB and World Health Organization.
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Poster on 4-S against Dengue.The poster (see page 72) talks on the four things an
individual can do to combat dengue. It uses catchy graphics in order for audiences to
notice the poster at a glance. It commands audiences to search and destroy breeding
places of dengue-causing mosquitoes;haveself protection measures; seek immediateand
say no to indiscriminate fogging.
The size of the poster is 10X 14 ft. The poster has different font styles and colors,
with yellow as the dominant color. The language used was English.
Also, it used six illustrations. Graphics portray the things that are needed to be
conducted inorder to combat dengue.
The plate also consists of the logo of the Republic of the Philippines with the
photos of the former president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and Department of Health
Secretary Esperanza Cabaal.

Data Collection

For the respondents, a survey and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were used in
gathering needed information. For the Key Informants, who were the Barangay Health
Workers and Baguio Health Department Personnel, a Key Informant Interview was used.

For the Irisan residents, the researcher grouped the respondents according to their
sector and had them answer the survey questionnaires. Afterwards, to get a collective
answer for the respondents’ remarks on the posters, the researcher hadthem participated
in the FGD.

The Survey Questionnaire focused on the socio demographic profile of the
respondents, their knowledge and awareness and their evaluation on the poster. TheFocus
Group Discussion, on the otherhand, centered on the respondents’ suggestionsin
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the improvement of the posters.
To test the knowledge of the participants regarding dengue, the researcher gave
them a quiz. After the quiz, the respondents were shown the posters for evaluation; they
evaluated the three posters in terms of their awareness based on the evaluation
instrument.

The researcher gathered suggestions from respondents through the focus group
discussion and Key Informants’ comments. These were the basis in preparing a new
design of poster submitted in Baguio Health Department.

Further, the researcher did an ocular inspection in the place to determine the
presence and location of posters in the locality, too. The researcher also roamed about the
locale to observe the potential presence of possible mosquito breeding sites like old tires,
soda bottles and tin cans.

Data Gathered
The data gathered include the socio-demographic profile of the respondents;
respondents’ awareness on the posters; respondents’ evaluations on the campaign posters;
and the respondents’ suggestions regarding the campaign posters.

Data Analysis

The data gathered from the respondents were tabulated and analyzed using
percentage counts and qualitative data.


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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Socio-Demographic Profile of the Respondents

Table 1 shows the socio-demographic profile of the 32 respondents of the study. It
presents their gender, age, civil status, highest educational attainment, dialects spoken;
health institution commonly sought for health services and if any family member had
been diagnosed with dengue.

Most (71.88%) of the respondents were female while 28.12 % of the respondents
were male. Majority (65.63%) of them are single.

Greater part of the respondents belonged to age bracket 15-25, 21.88 % belonged
to age bracket 26-40, and 12.5% belonged to age bracket 41 and beyond.

In terms of education, results show that 43.75% of the respondents graduated
college, 18.75 % did not graduate college, 18.75 % high school, 6.25% finished
vocational schooling and 6.25% reached elementary. This shows that majority of the
respondents have had an education and are able to read and understand the message of
the anti-dengue campaign posters.

Also, results show that majority (27.52 %) of the respondents can speak Tagalog,
Some can speak Ilocano (26.61%), English (25.58 %), Kankana-ey (18.60 %), and Arabic
(0.92 %). This implies that the respondents were able to read and understand the language
used in the anti-dengue campaign posters.

In terms of health institutions commonly sought for health care services, most
(42.37 %) of the respondents seek hospital; 32.20 % in clinics while 25.42 % in the
health center. The result implies that respondents consult health institutions that are more
credible for their health services.
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Moreover, results show that majority (75 %) had no family member who was
diagnosed with dengue while 25% had a family member who was diagnosed with
dengue.

Table 1. Socio-demographic profile of the respondents
CHARACTERISTICS FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
n=32
100 %
Gender



Male
9
28.12

Female
23
71.88
TOTAL 32
100

Age

15-25
21
65.63
26-40
7
21.88
Above 41
4
12.5
TOTAL 32
100
Civil Status


Single
21
65.63
Married
11
34.38
TOTAL 32
100
Highest Educational Attainment


Elementary Graduate
2
6.25
High School Graduate
6
18.75


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Table 1 continued...
College Graduate
14
43.75
Vocational school
2
6.25
High School Level
2
6.25
College Level
6
18.75
TOTAL 32
100
*Dialect Spoken


Tagalog
30
27.52
Ilocano
29
26.69
English
28
25.58
Kankana-ey
21
18.60
Other ( Arabic)
1
0.92
*Health Institution


Hospital
25
42.37
Clinic
19
32.20
Health Center
15
25.42
Diagnosed with Dengue


No
24
75
Yes
8
25
TOTAL 32
100
*Multiple Response

Respondents’ Awareness on the Campaign Posters

Table 2 shows that majority (78.13 %) of the respondents had seen any campaign
poster in their area while 21.88 % had not.
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Table 3 shows the anti-dengue campaign posters seen by the respondents. Out of
the 25 respondents who claimed to had seen any of the anti-dengue campaign poster, less
than half (56%) have seen poster 2 (How to prevent and control dengue); while 48 % saw
the poster 3 (4-S against Dengue) whereas only 24 % saw poster 1(Misconceptions about
Dengue).

The specified three posters were supposed to come out in a set because each
poster contained different information with that of others. The researcher noted that each
poster supported the information placed in the other posters. Through ocular observation,
the researcher observed that the anti-dengue campaign posters were posted separately
instead of being posted as a set. This was the reason why the respondents were not able to
view the other campaign posters.
Table 4showsthe respondents’ response on the anti-dengue campaign posters.
From the 32 respondents, only 25 read the anti-dengue campaign posters. Out of the 25
respondents who saw the anti-dengue campaign posters, majority (78.13 %) read all the
information contained in the campaign poster while 21.88 % did not.
Respondents were further asked as their reasons for not reading all the
information contained in the campaign posters. Some respondents asserted that they were
hurrying/rushing to take a longer read while some were not interested to read the
information at all. Some also claimed that the anti-dengue campaign posters were not the
only IEC materials being produced by health institutions to intensify information
dissemination on dengue and that they preferred the leaflets than posters. This, according
to them, is because smaller IEC materials can be read wherever they are.


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Table 2. Respondents’ awareness on the campaign posters
RESPONDENTS’ AWARENESS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE

n=32
100 %
Seen any campaign poster
25
78.13
Did not seen any campaign posters
7
21.88
TOTAL
32
100


Table 3. Number of campaign posters seen by the respondents

RESPONDENTS’
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
RESPONSE
n=25
100 %
Misconceptions about Dengue
6
18.75
How to Prevent and Control
14 43.75
Dengue
4-S against Dengue
12
37.5
*Multiple Responses

Table 4. Respondents’ response on the anti-dengue campaign posters

RESPONDENTS’ RESPONSE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
n=25
100 %
Read all the information
21
84
Did not read all the information
4
16
TOTAL
25
100

The respondents’ reasons for not reading all the campaign posters support the
claims of Hung and Hsien as cited by Pinkihan (2008) that people were not used to long
texts and they either lost patience or their eyes easily get tired from reading.

The places where the respondents saw the anti-dengue campaign posters is shown
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in Table 5. To identify, these posters were posted in Baguio General Hospital and Baguio
Health Department, barangay health center, schools’ waiting shed and some electric posts
around the community.
Results show that greater number (23.73%) of the respondents had seen the
campaign posters in Baguio General Hospital. Some posters were claimed to have been
seen in the schools (20.34 %), Baguio Health Department (16.95 %), barangay health
center (15.25 %), waiting shed (6.78 %) and electric posts (6.78 %). Results show that
more respondents have seen the anti-dengue campaign posters in big health institutions
located in the city than in their own community. The result implies that more posters
were seen in the city downtown health institutions.The locations of posters were affected
by the health institutions that respondents commonly seek for healthcare services.

Based on the ocular inspection, the locations of posters where the respondents
saw them were just appropriate for public view. This is supported by the US Department
of Labor (n.d.) who deems that posters must be posted prominently where it can easily be
seen by the public. This also corroborates with Bloom (2010),who believes that posters
are to be posted ideally in coffee shops, street kiosks, storefronts, on college campuses or
any schools, public transportation hubs and parks, and in other community or religious
groups’ meeting spaces. He added that posters are to be posted in an area where people
congregate.


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Table 5. Location of posters seen by respondents

LOCATION OF POSTERS
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
n=25
100 %
BGH 14
23.73
School 12
20.34
BHD 10
16.95
Barangay Health Center
9
15.25
Barangay Hall
5
8.47
Posts
5
8.47
Waiting shed
4
6.78
*Multiple Responses

Respondents’ Knowledge on Dengue
as affected by the Posters


The researcher formulated a rating scale to determine the knowledge level of the
respondents as reflected by their quiz scores as follows: 1-5 (not knowledgeable); 6-10
(slightly knowledgeable); 11-15 (knowledgeable); and 16-20 (very knowledgeable).

Only the 25 respondents who have seen the posters took the quiz given by the
researcher.

The result of the quiz given to the respondents shows that majority (57.14 %) of
them were very knowledgeable while 42.86 % were knowledgeable on dengue.

All of the respondents passed the given quiz implying that they have retained
knowledge about dengue after reading the posters. This is corroborated with Cadiz
(1991), saying that learning through the senses of sight is 75-90 % compared with other
senses. This is because visual things, which people see, make more lasting impression.
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One reason of passing the quiz is because respondents already have a stock
knowledge about dengue according to some of them.

Accordingly, through the study, it was found out that students were
knowledgeable on dengue because it was already integrated in their health education
subjects.

From the FGD conducted by the researcher, it was found out that some of the
respondents, particularly the students and OSYs, were already knowledgeable about
dengue even before reading the campaign posters. Some respondents, on the other hand,
admitted that they gained their knowledge about dengue after having read the anti-dengue
campaign poster.

The result implies that respondents gain higher score in the administered to them
based on their stock knowledge about the said topic.
Table 6. Respondents’ score from the given quiz

RESPONDENTS’ SCORE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
INTERPRETATION
16-20
16
64
Very Knowledgeable
11-15
9
36
Knowledgeable
TOTAL
25
100



Respondents’ Evaluation on the Poster
on“Misconceptions About Dengue”


Table 7 shows the evaluation of the poster on Misconceptions about Dengue by
the respondents. The mean rates for each criterion were taken and were interpreted using
the formula; Mean (µ) = (∑fX)/ ∑f. Mean of 1 to 1.99 is equivalent to “Poor”, mean of 2
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to 2.99 is “Fair”, mean of 3 to 3.99 is “Average” mean of 4 to 4.99 is “Good” and 5 to
5.99 is “Excellent.

Content. For the “Misconceptions about Dengue” poster, the respondents,
generally said that the poster was presented in a clear way. The content of the poster is
clear, relevant and significant, organized, and concisely presented. On the other hand,
some evaluators said that the poster used some words/terms that can hardly be understood
by audiences. These words include myth and fogging. This is an implication that the
content was not that comprehensive.

However, majority of the young evaluators who were below 25years old said that
the poster used simple English words so the information was understandable. This result
supports Gupta (2006) who said that a message written in simple words is very effective,
as people can understand it the first time they read it and the meaning is clearly
understood, it is not open to miscommunications.

This corroborates withErren and Bourne (2007) who believed that a poster should
have a clear and obvious set of conclusions—after the abstract, this is where the
passerby's eyes will wander. They also deem that content is important but it must be kept
concise.

Titles, subtitles and slogan.Most of the evaluators said that the poster possessed
an appropriate, clear and readability-enhanced titles, subtitles and slogans.

Still, this can be corroborated withErren and Bourne (2007), who asserted that the
title is a good way to sell a work. It may be the only thing the conference attendee sees
before they reach the poster. The title should make the audiences want to come andvisit.
The title might pose a decisive question, define the scope of the study, or hint at a
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Table7. Respondents’ evaluation on the poster “Misconceptions about Dengue”
CRITERIA


Content
MEAN
DE
General Content


Purpose
4.34
Good
Relevant and Significant
4.56
Good
Essential
4.47
Good
Organized
4.48
Good
Clear and Concise
4.38
Good
TOTAL
4.45
Good
Titles, Subtitles and Slogan

Appropriate
4.38
Good
Clear
4.44
Good
Enhance Readability
4.34
Good
TOTAL
4.39
Good
Words/ Texts

Clear
4.38
Good
Simple
4.5
Good
Grammar and Spelling
4.63
Good
TOTAL
4.50
Good
Lay-out

Alignment
4.16
Good
Balance
4.22
Good
White Space
4.19
Good
Headings and fonts
4.19
Good
TOTAL
4.19
Good
Color

Appropriate
4.06
Good
Eye catching
3.81
Average
Enhances Readability
4.06
Good
TOTAL
3.98
Average
Graphics & Illustrations

Relevant
4.44
Good
Visible
4.16
Good
Attractive
4.09
Good
TOTAL
4.23
Good
GRAND TOTAL
4.29
Good

new finding. Above all, the title should be short and comprehensible to a broad audience.

Being brief and precise in what you want to say through your campaign posters is
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very important. A short message put in crisp and witty fashion drives the point home
better than a lengthy one (Buzzle.com, 2012).
Words/Texts. Regarding the words/texts of the poster, almost all of the
respondents said that words used were clear and simple. It was also noted that the
grammar was correct.
However, the researcher observed that the poster contained too many texts which
give many information. The observation was supported byLauren (2009) who stated that
a poster is all about grabbing someone’s attention. Do not get bogged down trying to tell
a story with text. Instead, rely on graphics. Lauren added that if one needs to use text, it
must be done sparingly and integrate it into the graphic itself. Separating text forces
viewer to split their attention, and less likely to hold it. Tosney (n.d) supports Lauren’s
statement having said that a poster is not just a standard research paper stuck to a board.
An effective poster uses a different, visual grammar. It shows, not tells. It expresses
points in graphical terms (Tosney, n.d).
In terms of simplicity and clarity of terms used, some evaluators said that the
poster used some words/terms that can hardly be understood by audiences. These words
include “myth” and “fogging.” This is an implication that the content was not that
comprehensive. This also implies that the posters had several new words but were not
defined for the reader. Myth, according to the Webster’s Dictionary, refers to a fiction
while fogging refers to the act of covering with fog.

In terms of font types used, some evaluators said that they were simple enough to
attract the readers to read the content.
The researcher noticed the use of san serif font styles inthe poster.
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This observation corroborates Bio 801 (n.d.) telling that san serif fonts (having
characters without curlicues or other embellishments) are easiest to read.

The result implies that despite the simplicity of the font styles used, typography
techniques used in print has a direct impact on how the reader is able to receive the
image.

Layout. In terms of layout, almost all of the respondents evaluated the poster
“good” in its alignment, balance, white space, headings, and fonts. The respondents
commended the layout due to its simplicity. Students said that the poster had a good
visual balance of figures and text, separated by white space. They added that they can see
the balance where images and texts were clearly reflected.
This supports by the statements of Cadiz (1991) saying that layout has two types:
symmetrical and asymmetrical. The way a culture utilizes the two types of layout may be
seen in its design, such as the fabrics and other types of crafts.
Color. In terms of color, more than half of the evaluators said that it was
appropriate, eye-catching and it enhances readability because it did not use dull colors.
This implies that colors used have helped the respondents in the readability of the poster.
Also, evaluators claimed that the poster did not use lots of colors that may strain the eyes.

For this poster, almost all of the respondents evaluated the campaign poster in
terms of content, words/text, layout, color, graphics and illustration as good. However,
the color as criterion got an average rating in terms of appropriateness and readability.

This is supported by University of Cape Town (n.d) saying that “less is more"
wherein too much color on poster - will look busy and cluttered.

Graphics and Illustrations. Almost all of the respondents evaluated the poster to
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be good in graphics and illustrations. The elements were believed to be relevant, visible
and attractive. The respondents said that graphics and illustrations used helped portray
the message of the poster. This implies that the images clearly communicate the message
of the poster.

Generally, although the respondents rated the poster as “good”, still, efforts
should be done to meet the “excellent” mark. Improvements may be considered in
different elements considered in the layout of the poster.
Comprehensibility.Table 8 shows that for this poster, respondents claimed that it
is comprehensible enough. Regardless of age, great majority (96.15 %) of the
respondents claimed to have read the poster even without assistance and said to have
understood easily the poster because it uses understandable words, legible texts and
spacing.

The positive comprehensibility of the poster as said by the respondents supports
Buzzle.com (2012) saying that being brief and precise in what you want to say through
your campaign posters is very important. A short message put in crisp and witty fashion
drives the point home better than a lengthy one.

In terms of text legibility and spacing, some, however, suggested that fonts of the
texts should be made larger and spacing be improved. Mandoli (2007) emphasizes that
space is important in a poster: without it, your reader has no visual pauses to think.
Posters that are crammed with information are tiring to read and are seldom read in their
entirety. This is backed up by UGTSS (n.d.), saying that effective posters are spacious
and easy to follow and adequate clear space will direct attention to key elements.

Mandoli (2007) added that if a text is legible, it can be deciphered. A common
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error in poster presentations is the use of fonts that are too small to be read from 6-10 feet
away, a typical distance for reading a poster.
Table 8. Comprehensibility of the poster “Misconceptions About Dengue”

CRITERIA FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
n=32
100 %
Information on the poster is

easily read even without
assistance
Yes 29
90.63
No 3
9.38
TOTAL 32
100

The poster is easily


understood
Yes 28
87.5
No 4
12.5
TOTAL 32
100
The poster uses


understandable words.
Yes 27
84.38
No 5
15.63
TOTAL 32
100
The font size is large


enough to be read
clearly
Yes 22
68.75
No 10
31.25
TOTAL 32
100
The texts are legible


Yes 29
68.75
No 3
31.25
TOTAL 32
100
The spacing of letters,


words and sentences are
legible
Yes 27
84.38
No 5
9.38
TOTAL 32
100



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Respondents’ Evaluation on the Poster
on“How to Prevent and Control Dengue”


Content. For the “How to Prevent and Control Dengue” poster(seeTable 9), 28 of
the respondents generally said that the poster was presented in a clear manner. The
content of the poster is clear, relevant and significant, organized and concisely presented.
This is an implication that the content was comprehensive enough to the respondents.

Based on the findings, the message that the second poster wanted to imply is clear
to the audiences. Respondents said that the poster is giving the people tips how to prevent
and control dengue. This, according to them, is helpful and timely these days. Rebecca,
one of the respondents, said that this kind of information is not only limited for the adults
but is concerned to every individual considering that it is a public concern.

This is corroborated with Pioquinto (1992), as cited by Amadeo (2004), who
stated that communication materials must contain messages that are appropriate and
adaptable in our locality.

Titles, subtitles and slogan. Most of the evaluators said that the poster used
appropriate, clear and readability-enhanced titles, subtitles and slogans.

This is supported by Erren and Bourne (2007) saying that the title is a good way
to sell a work. It may be the only thing the conference attendee sees before they reach the
poster. The title should make them want to come and visit. The title might pose a decisive
question, define the scope of the study, or hint at a new finding. Above all, the title
should be short and comprehensible to a broad audience.

Further, OSY respondents said that the slogan used in the poster urges reader to
do the action: PuksainangKiti-kiti, sugpuinang Dengue. This is supported by Mindanao


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Table 9. Respondents’ evaluation on the poster “How to Prevent and Control Dengue”
CRITERIA
MEAN DE
Content


General Content


Purpose
4.19 Good
Relevant and Significant
4.22 Good
Essential
4.13 Good
Organized
4.09 Good
Clear and Concise
4.22 Good
TOTAL
4.17 Good
Titles, Subtitles and Slogan


Appropriate
4.41 Good
Clear
4.38 Good
Enhance Readability
4.31 Good
TOTAL 4.37
Good
Words/ texts


Clear
4.28 Good
Simple
4.34 Good
Grammar and Spelling
4.34 Good
TOTAL 4.32
Good
Lay-out


Alignment
4.38 Good
Balance
4.34 Good
White Space
4.34 Good
Headings and fonts
4.25 Good
TOTAL 4.33
Good
Color


Appropriate
4.41 Good
Eye catching
4.41 Good
Enhances Readability
4.34 Good
TOTAL 4.39
Good
Graphics &illustrations


Relevant
4.19 Good
Visible
4.13 Good
Attractive
4.00 Good
TOTAL 4.11
Good
GRAND TOTAL
4.28
Good

Training Resource Center (n.d.), who said that slogans must be short, simple and easy to
memorize line. Slogan commands and encourages action. It must bebig enough to be
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read even by fast moving people. Further, Buzzle.com (2007) believes that catchy
slogans can be easily remembered.
Words/Texts. Regarding the words/ texts of the poster, almost all of the
respondents said that words used are clear and simple. It was also noted that the
grammars are correct. On the other hand, some evaluators said that the poster used some
words/terms that were hardly understood by audiences. This specific word is identified as
the word “accumulated.” Instead of using the word “accumulated,” students suggested
the use of the word: “gathered.”

The researcher observed that most of the parents cannot understand the word
“accumulated.” This is implied because they kept on asking the researcher what
accumulated means.

The respondents said that the font sizes were big and effective. This corroborates
with Mandoli (2007) who said that font sizes need to be big to be effective.
Layout. In terms of layout, almost all of the respondents evaluated the poster
“good” in terms of its alignment, balance, white space, headings, and fonts. The
respondents commended the layout due to its simplicity. Parents, however, said that
photos/graphics were not well-placed and organized. “I am confused on what explanation
the graphics are portraying. It may be obvious, but it is quite confusing,” said a
storeowner, who is one of the respondents.

Layout, according to Mindanao Training Resource Center (n.d.), leads eye to
center of interest; follows normal left to right and top to bottom reading/ viewing
directions or patterns; balance and blend the different elements; simple and with empty
breathing spaces. Further, this corroborates withthe University of Guelph (n.d) who
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believes that effective posters are spacious and easy to follow and adequate clear space
will direct attention to key elements.

University of Cape Town (n.d.) furthersuggests that adding unnecessary or too
many visuals will clutter a poster or any material.
Color. In terms of color, more than half of the evaluators said that it was
appropriate, eye-catching and it enhances readability because it did not use dull colors.
This implies that colors used somehow helped the respondents in the readability of the
poster. Also, evaluators claimed that the poster did not use lots of colors that may
possibly strain the yes. They also said that the combination used was gentle on the eyes
because the text color was black.

This is supported by University of Cape Town (n.d) who said that color plays a
very important role in posters.
Graphics and illustrations. Almost all of the respondents evaluated the poster to
be good in graphics and illustrations. The elements were believed to be relevant, visible
and attractive. The respondents said that graphics and illustrations used helped portray
the message of the poster.

The respondents, however, commented that thegraphics were not well organized.
The message as to what the graphics portray was not clear to the audience.

The researcher affirmed the comments of the respondents.
Hess et al. (n.d) said that graphics and photographs are very important
components of a poster because they add interesting visuals to the poster, helping the
audience to get the message across. They added that graphics should be simple and clean.

This statement agrees with Bio 801 (n.d.), believing that self-explanatory graphics
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should dominate the poster.
Tosney (n.d.), on the otherhand, substantiated this having stressed that a poster is
not just a standard paper stuck to a board. An effective poster uses a different, visual
grammar. It shows, not tells. It expresses the points in graphical terms. It displays the
essential content--the messages--in the title, main headings and graphics. It indicates the
relative importance of elements graphically: each main point is stated in large type-face
headings; details are subordinated visually, using smaller type-face. The main headings
explain the points, rather than merely stating "results" and letting the viewer hunt for--or
even worse, invent--the message. All elements, even the figure legends, are visible from
4 feet away.
Comprehensibility.For this poster, respondents claimed that this is
comprehensible enough. Table 10 shows that regardless of age, majority (93.75 %) of
the respondents claimed to have read the poster even without assistance and said to have
understood easily the poster because it uses understandable words, legible texts and
spacing.

In terms of text legibility and spacing, some, however, suggested still that fonts of
the texts should be made larger and spacing be improved. Mandoli (2007) emphasizes
that space is important in a poster: without it, your reader has no visual pauses to think.
Posters that are crammed with information are tiring to read and are seldom read in their
entirety.
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Table10. Comprehensibility of the poster,How to Control and Prevent Dengue

CRITERIA FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
n=32
100%
Information on the poster is

easily read even without
assistance
Yes 30
93.75
No 2
6.25
TOTAL 32
100

The poster is easily


understood.
Yes 29
90.63
No 3
9.38
TOTAL 32
100
The poster uses


understandable words
Yes 6
18.75
No 26
81.25
TOTAL 32
100
The font size is large


enough to be read clearly
Yes 25
78.13
No 7
21.88
TOTAL 32
100
The texts are legible


Yes 29
90.63
No 3
9.38
TOTAL 32
100
The spacing of letters,


words and sentences are
legible
Yes 29
90.63
No 3
9.38
TOTAL 32
100



Evaluation of the Respondents on the Poster
“4-S Against Dengue”

Content. For the “4-S against Dengue” poster, the respondents generally, said that
the poster was presented in a clear manner. Table 11 shows that the content of the poster
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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40

is clear, relevant and significant, organized and concisely presented. This is an
implication that the content was comprehensive enough to the respondents.

Based from the findings, the message that the third poster wanted to imply is clear
to the audiences. Respondents said that the poster is giving the people tips how to combat
dengue. This, according to them, was helpful and timely these days. Rebecca, one of the
respondents, said that the tips to combat dengue was not only limited to the adults but
also to every individual considering that it is a public concern.

This supports Pioquinto (1992), as cited by Amadeo (2004), having stated that
communication materials must contain messages that are appropriate and adaptable in our
locality.

Titles, subtitles and slogan. Most of the evaluators said that the poster used
appropriate, clear and legible titles, subtitles and slogans. The subheads are made in bold
letters for greater emphasis.

To corroborate, Erren and Bourne (2007) said that the title is a good way to sell a
work. It may be the only thing the conference attendee sees before they reach the poster.
The title should make people want to come and visit. The title might pose a decisive
question, define the scope of the study, or hint at a new finding.
Words/Texts. Regarding the words/ texts of the poster, majority of the respondents
said that words used were clear and simple. It was also noted that the grammars were
appropriate. On the other hand, some evaluators said that the poster used some
words/terms that were hard to understand by audiences. These specific words were
identified as the words indiscriminate fogging.
The researcher observed that majority of the respondents cannot understand the
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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41

Table 11. Respondents’ evaluation on the poster on “4-S against dengue”
CRITERIA
MEAN
DE
Content


General Content


Purpose
4.56
Good
Relevant and Significant
4.47
Good
Essential
4.47
Good
Organized
4.34
Good
Clear and Concise
4.34
Good
TOTAL
4.44
Good
Titles, Subtitles and Slogan


Appropriate
4.34
Good
Clear
4.38
Good
Enhance Readability
4.38
Good
TOTAL
4.37
Good
Words/ Texts


Clear
4.09
Good
Simple
4.22
Good
Grammar and Spelling
4.44
Good
TOTAL
4.25
Good
Lay-out


Alignment
4.28
Good
Balance
4.31
Good
White Space
4.41
Good
Headings and fonts
3.81
Good
TOTAL
4.20
Good
Color


Appropriate
3.34
Average
Eye catching
3.63
Average
Enhances Readability
3.69
Average
TOTAL
3.55
Average
Graphics &Illustrations


Relevant
4.25
Good
Visible
4.25
Good
Attractive
4.19

Good
TOTAL
4.23
Good
GRAND TOTAL
4.17
Good

word“accumulated” because they often asked the researcher themeaning of the word.
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Mandoli (2007) supports thisevaluation of the respondents saying that readability is a
measure of how easily the ideas flow from one item to the next. He added that text that
has lots of grammatical problems, complex or passive sentence structure, and
misspellings is "hard to read". She also added that if a text is legible, it can be deciphered.
Layout. In terms of layout, like for the two previous posters, almost all of the
respondents evaluated the poster “good” in its alignment, balance, white space, headings,
and fonts. The respondents commended the layout due to its simplicity. The researcher
observed that the respondents were not hard up evaluating the poster since they read the
poster from top to bottom. The "reader gravity" pulls the eye from top to bottom and left
to right (Wheildon, 1995).

This supports Mindanao Training Resource Center (n.d.), which stated that layout
leads eye to center of interest; follows normal left to right and top to bottom reading/
viewing directions or patterns; balance and blend the different elements; simple and with
empty breathing spaces.
Color. In terms of color, more than half of the evaluators said that it was neither
appropriate nor eye-catching. Also, itdid not enhance readability because the color
combinations used were inappropriate. Yellow was used as the background color of the
poster while light blue wasused forthe texts, making it inappropriate. This implies that
colors used affected the readability of the poster.
This supports Hess et al. (n.d), who stressed that in makingposters to be more
readable, the color of the type should clearly contrast with the background color. He
added the use of lightcolor background and dark color letters for contrast in poster
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designing. They added that in poster designing, dark backgrounds with light letters are
very tiring to read.

Graphics and illustrations. Similar to the result of the two posters, almost all of
therespondents evaluated the poster to be “good” in graphics and illustrations. The
elements were perceived to be relevant, visible and attractive. The respondents said that
the graphics and illustrations used helped portraythe message of the poster. This supports
Hess et al. (n.d) saying that every graphic should have a purpose.

Respondents, however, commented that graphics were good enough but it would
be better if prominent cartoon characters were used.
Hess et al., (n.d) supports the respondents saying that graphic designers create
unity through the use of white space, type and color.Graphics and photographs are very
important components of a poster because they add interesting visuals to the poster,
helping the audience to get the message across. They added that graphics should be
simple and clean.
Comprehensibility.For this poster, respondents claimed that this is
comprehensible enough. Table 12 shows that regardless of age, majority (87.5 %) of the
respondents claimed to have read the poster even without assistance and said to have
understood easily the poster because it uses understandable words, legible texts and
spacing.

Text and titles written entirely in capitals are harder to read (UGTSS, n.d). Since
the poster used appropriate capitalizations, the respondents did not have a hard time
reading it.

Again, the positive comprehensibility of the poster as said by the respondents is
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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supported by Buzzle.com (2012) saying that being brief and precise in what you want to
say through your campaign posters is very important. A short message put in crisp and
witty fashion drives the point home better than a lengthy one.
Table 12. Comprehensibility of the poster on 4-S against dengue

CRITERIA FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
n=32
100%
Information on the poster is

easily read even without
assistance
Yes 28
87.5
No 4
12.5
TOTAL 32
100

The poster is easily


understood.
Yes 27
78.13
No 5
21.88
TOTAL 32
100
The poster uses


understandable words.
Yes 5
21.88
No 27
78.13
TOTAL 32
100
The font size is large


enough to be read
clearly
Yes 26
81.25
No 6
18.75
TOTAL 32
100
The texts are legible


Yes 26
81.25
No 6
18.75
TOTAL 32
100

All the three posters generated almost the same rating in terms of content, text,
layout, color and graphics. The posters were comprehensible enough, too.



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Respondents’ Benefits, Problems Encountered
and Recommended Solutions


The respondents of the research who were the barangay leaders, OSYs, educators,
students and parents gained benefits in the posters they have evaluated. After evaluating
the posters, they said that they learned how to prevent and control dengue spread in the
place; and they understood what dengue is all about. Also, they claimed that their
misinterpretations on dengue were corrected.

Also, the respondents asserted that they experienced various problems in reading
the posters. Some said that the posters need improvement in the layout and the
background color, particularly for the “4-S Against Dengue” poster. Also, some students
said that some of the information in the posters were too lengthy, specifically the
“Misconception about Dengue” and “4-S against Dengue” posters.

To achieve excellent rating from the public, the evaluators recommended other
translations of the posters like Tagalog, Ilokano and Kankana-ey. They also suggested
more improved layout and simplification of the information contained in the posters for
better learning. Intensification on the information dissemination on dengue is needed, too.

To findings, is similar to whatCadiz (1991) said that learning through the senses
of sight is 75-90 % compared with other senses. This is because visual things, which
people see, make more lasting impression. With this note, the suggestions of the
respondents on the improvement of the material for better learning are valid.
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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary

The study was conducted at Barangay Irisan, Baguio City on January 2012.
Survey Questionnaires, Focus Group Discussion and Interview Schedule were used to
gather the necessary data needed from the respondents. There were 32 respondents of the
study who evaluated the three specified campaign posters Moreover, key informant
interviews were done to gather supporting details and background of information.

The respondents were each from purok 3, 10 and 27. They represented the
different sector in the community such as: educators, barangay leaders, parents, students
and Out-of-School-Youths.

The data collected includes the socio-demographic profile of the respondents,
respondents’ knowledge and awareness on the campaign posters; respondents’ evaluation
on the campaign posters in terms of content, word/text, layout, color, and
graphics/illustrations, comprehensibility of the posters; and respondents’ suggestions
regarding the campaign posters.
The respondents were aware of the locations where the anti-dengue campaign
posters are. To identify, these posters were posted in Baguio General Hospital and
Baguio Health Department, barangay health center, schools’ waiting shed and some
electric posts around the community. Also, of the respondents passed the given quiz
implying that they have retained knowledge about dengue after reading the posters.

Further, all the three posters generated almost the same rating (good) in terms of
contents, text, layout, color and graphics. The posters were comprehensible enough, too.

To achieve excellent rating from the public, the evaluators recommended other
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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47

translations of the posters like Tagalog, Ilokano and Kankana-ey. They also suggested
more improved layout and simplification of the information contained in the posters for
better learning.

Conclusions



Based on the findings, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The respondents’ socio-demographic profile has a bearing in their evaluation of
the posters.

2. The respondents’ awareness is affected by the placement of the posters and
their interest in the materials.

3. The respondents’ knowledge is affected by their exposure to the poster and to
their previous knowledge about the topic.

4. The posters still need to be improved to attain excellent rating from the general
public.

5. The respondents’ comprehensibility to the poster is affected by the other
elements of the material.

6. The background color used for the 4-S against Dengue poster was not suitable.

7. The suggestions on the improvement of the posters focus on the simplification
of the information and improvement of the background colors used.

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Recommendations



Based on the findings, the recommendations were derived:




1. The anti-dengue campaign posters should be constantly disseminated to remind
the public to be aware on dengue.

2. To facilitate proper posting of the anti-dengue campaign posters, barangay
health workers should monitor the posters in their locations.

3. The implementors may consider the recommendations given by the respondents
in improving the anti-dengue campaign posters.

4. Pictures/ graphics of prominent cartoon characters may be considered to be
used to attract more viewers, as suggested by the respondents.

5. Further studies related to this research may be conductedinorder to determine
the practices of the people after being exposed to the anti-dengue campaign posters.




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LITERATURE CITED


AMADEO, J.S. 2004. The effect of using flipchart in learning agricultural technology in
Benguet. MS Thesis. BSU-Open University, La Trinidad, Benguet.Pp.13-14.

BARNHART, R.K. (Ed).1995. The World Book Dictionary. USA: World Book
Incorporation. P. 977.

CADIZ, M.H. 1991.Educational Communication for Development. UPLB, Laguna. Pp.
86-87,
136-137.

DANGO, J.B. 2009. Evaluation of anti-dengue campaign posters in La Trinidad,
Benguet. BS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet. Pp 1-5, 7- 10.


DIAZ, J. A. 2006. The effect of flipchart on the ecological solid waste management
campaign in Mountain Province. MS Thesis. BSU- Open University, La Trinidad,
Benguet. Pp. 34-35.

DZINEBLOG COMPANY. n.d.7 Tips to Design a Good Effective Poster. Retrieved
February 3, 2012 from 7-tips-to-design-a-good-effective-poster.html

BOURNE, P.E. and E.C. THOMAS.Ten Simple Rules for a Good Poster Presentation.
Retrieved February 2, 2012 from http:// www.tensimplerulesforagoodposter
presentation.html

DUNNING, D. 2011. What Is the Effectiveness of IEC Materials? Retrieved November
5, 2011 from http://www.ehow.com/facts_7772311_effectiveness-
iecmaterials.html

ENKIWE, G.C. 2007. Evaluation of Two IEC Materials on Cordillera Regional
Autonomy for La Trinidad Barangay Officials.BS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad,
Benguet. P.7.

HESS, G., TOSNEY, K. and LIEGEL, L.n.d. Creating Effective Poster Presentations:
Create Your Poster: Text. Retrieved February 3, 2012 from CreatePosterText.html

ISONG, R.L. 2008. Evaluation of Production Guides used by Agricultural Technicians in
Atok, Buguias and La Trinidad, Benguet.BS Thesis. BSU, La Trinidad, Benguet.
Pp.17-26.

MINDANO TRAINING RESOURCE CENTER, n.d.A Training Manual on
Development Communication.Davao City. Pp. 91-106.

NORTHERN DISPATCH WEEKLY.2011. DOH-CAR, 54% drop in Dengue cases,
August 16. Retrieved December12, 2011 from nordis.net.htm
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PUBLIC INFORMATION AND HEALTH EDUCATION SERVICE. 1989. A guide to
Public Information and Health Education Service. Department of Health,
Philippines. Pp. 1, 3-4, 11-19.
RAISING VOICES. 2009. Retrieved December 5, 2011 from
http://www.raisingvoices.org/women/communication_materials.php
REGIONAL INFORMATION TRAINING CENTER .1999.Instructional Materials
Production.Benguet State University. La Trinidad Benguet. Pp. 10-11,13-19.

TIGLAO, T.V. and A.L. KEYES. 1958. A guide for health education of the public.

Institute of Hygiene, University of the Philippines. Pp. 39-58.

UNFPA. 1999. Reproductive Health in Refugee Situations: An Inter-agency Field
Manual. Retrieved November 11, 2011 from
http://www.unfpa.org/emergencies/manual/a1.htm

UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH TEACHING SUPPORT SERVICES.n.d. Effective Poster
Design. Retrieved February 3, 2012 from
http://www.soe.uoguelph.ca/webfiles/agavez/poster



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APPENDIX A
Survey Questionnaire for Respondents

EVALUATION OF ANTI -DENGUE CAMPAIGN POSTERS
IN IRISAN, BAGUIO CITY

Hello, my name is Jayralyn Y. Siddayao, a fourth year student of Benguet State
University taking up Bachelor of Science in Development Communication. I am
currently working on my thesis dubbed as evaluation of anti -dengue campaign posters in
Irisan, Baguio City. Generally, it aims to evaluate the anti -dengue campaign posters in
Irisan, Baguio City.
Your sincere answers will enable the researcher to interpret the evaluation of the anti-
dengue campaign posters. Please encircle the corresponding number of your answer. Rest
assured that any information gathered will be for the thesis purposes only and will be
treated with confidentiality.
I. RESPONDENT’S PROFILE
1. Name (optional)
2. Gender
Male 1
Female 2
3. Age
15-25 1
26-40 2
41-50 3
>Above 51
4
4. Civil Status
Single
1
Married 2
Widow/er 3
Separated 4
5. Highest Educational Attainment

Elementary Graduate
1
Highschool graduate
2
College Graduate
3
Finished Vocational School
4
(Did not finish) Elementary Level
5
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(Did not finish) Highschool Level
6
(Did not finish) College Level
7
Did not attend school
8
6. Dialect Spoken
English 1
Ilocano 2
Tagalog 3
Kankana-ey 4
others (please specify)
5
7. Health institution commonly sought for health care services
Hospital 1
Clinic 2
health center
3
8. Is there among your family who has been diagnosed with dengue?
Yes 1
No 2


II A. RESPONDENT’S AWARENESS ABOUT DENGUE

This part is to test your awareness on the anti-dengue campaign posters.
Please objectively answer the following questions by encircling the number
corresponding to your answer.
1. Have you seen any poster of dengue in your area?
Yes (Proceed to Question 2)
1
No (Proceed to Part III of the Questionnaire)
2
2. If yes, what posters have you seen? (refer to the posters posted in the corner)
(Poster 1)- Misconceptions about Dengue
1
(Poster 2)- How to prevent and control Dengue
2
(Poster 3)-4- S against Dengue
3
3. Where have you seen this poster?
Barangay Health Center
1
School 2
Barangay Hall
3
Convenient Stores
4
Waiting Shed
5
Posts 6
Others (specify)
7
4. Have you read all the information found in the material?
Yes 1
No
2

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At this point in time, the researcher will test your knowledge and practices on
dengue as affected by three specified campaign materials.
II B. RESPONDENT’S KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES
A. POSTER I- MISCONCEPTIONS ON DENGUE (True or False)
1. Once you had dengue, you will not get the disease anymore.
True 1
False 2
2. There are three types of dengue virus.
True 1
False 2
3. Dengue cannot be transmitted through coughing, touching or getting near a dengue-
infected person.
True 1
False 2
4. Collecting trash or dried leaves is a way of inviting dengue.
True 1
False 2
5. Fogging increases mosquitoes.
True 1
False 2
6. Dengue can only be acquired by adults.
True 1
False 2
7. Dengue can be killed with action.
True 1
False 2
8. The Aedesaegypti mosquito is highly domesticated, lives and breeds in and around
houses, and feeds exclusively on humans.
True 1
False 2

B. POSTER II- HOW TO PREVENT AND CONTROL DENGUE (Yes or No)
Please check your answer to the corresponding questions.
Questions Yes
No
9. Retain accumulated water from dish or any container.


10. It is important to clean and scrub the inside and outside surfaces of


water containers.
11. Make it a habit to remove the gathered water to prevent possible


breeding places for dengue.
12. Dengue prevention is better than Dengue outbreak.


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13. Constantly change the water in water containers if necessary.


14. Attending seminars on dengue will increase the awareness of individual

about dengue.
15.The transmission of dengue is facilitated by uncontrolled urbanization,


environmental degradation, the lack of reliable water supply, and improper
waste management and disposal of solid waste.

C. POSTER III- 4- S AGAINST DENGUE (Multiple Choice)
Instruction: Read the questions carefully and encircle the best answer.
16. The 4-S against Dengue that pertains to looking for breeding places of dengue.
a.) Seek and blast b.) Seek solution c.) Search and destroy d.) none of the above
17. What should be done when early signs such as rashes and fever set-in?
a.) Seek herbal medication b.) seek immediate consultation
c.) drink medicine immediately d.) have the child rest
18. When must be indiscriminate fogging conducted?
a.) Everyday b.) Weekly c.) outbreak/ epidemic d.) none of the above
19. What can be used as self protection measures
a.) Long sleeve shirts and long pants b.) jackets and leggings c.) using mosquito
repellantsd.) all of the above e.) a and c only
20. What are possible breeding place of dengue causing mosquitoes?
a.) Old tires, coconut husks b.) roof gutters, bottles c.) flower vase and other
containersd.) flowing water and dried tanks e.) only a and b
f.) only a, b, and d g.) only a, b, and c


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III. EVALUATION OF THE POSTER
Please use this checklist to evaluate the posters with the following values:
A. POSTER I-MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT DENGUE
Rating scale Descriptive Rating
Qualitative Description
5
Excellent
It meets the criteria and exceeds beyond
expectation
4
Good
It meets the criteria
3
Average
There is a little need for improvement to meet
the criteria
2
Fair
It needs more improvement to meet the criteria
1
Poor
It fails to meet the criteria

CRITERIA
1 2 3 4 5
1. CONTENT





A. General Content





Purpose (It has a clear purpose)





Relevant and Significant (It meets the information need with




regards to Misconceptions on Dengue)
Essential (The content is useful in correcting Misconceptions




on Dengue)
Organized (The information is presented in a logical way





that aids in easy understanding of the material)
Clear and Concise (The information is presented in a simple




way for easy understanding)
B. Titles,
Subtitles
and
Slogan

Appropriate ( Titles, subtitles, and slogan meet the general





purpose of the poster)
Clear (The information is clear and easy to understand)





Enhance Readability (Helps in Understanding the poster)





2. WORDS/ TEXTS





Clear
(Text
size
is
clear
and
readable)

Simple (Words are simple and easy to understand)





Grammar and Spelling ( No grammar or spelling errors)





3. LAY-OUT





Alignment (follow normal left to right, top to bottom





reading/viewing directions or patterns
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Balance (Other elements such as photos, drawing/





illustrations and texts are well arranged
White Space (It has open or breathing spaces for rest and





pauses)
Headings and fonts (Font size for heading and body text are




appropriate)
4. COLOR





Appropriate (Color combination reinforces visibility with





illustrations or graphics including text)
Eye catching (Colors of the graphics and pictures highlight




the focus and interest in the poster and adds realistic effects
to visuals
Enhances Readability (Color contrast enhances the





understanding of the information in the poster)
5. GRAPHICS AND ILLUSTRATIONS





Relevant(Graphics/ illustrations are related to the topic





and made it easier to understand)
Visible (Graphics/ illustrations have appropriate size





which can be viewed at a distance of 5 to 6 ft.)
Attractive (The graphics/ illustrations are simple yet





engaging which make the poster interesting

IV. COMPREHENSIBILITY OF THE POSTER

1. Information on the poster is easily read even without assistance
Yes 1
No 2
2.The poster is easily understood.
Yes 1
No 2
3.The poster uses understandable words.
Yes 1
No 2
4.The font size is large enough to be read clearly
Yes 1
No 2
5. The texts are legible
Yes 1
No 2
6. The spacing of letters, words and sentences are legible
Yes 1
No 2

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B. POSTER II- HOW TO PREVENT AND CONTROL DENGUE
Rating scale Descriptive Rating
Qualitative Description
5
Excellent
It meets the criteria and exceeds beyond
expectation
4
Good
It meets the criteria
3
Average
There is a little need for improvement to meet
the criteria
2
Fair
It needs more improvement to meet the criteria
1
Poor
It fails to meet the criteria

CRITERIA
1 2 3 4 5
1. CONTENT





A. General Content





Purpose (It has a clear purpose)





Relevant and Significant (It meets the information need with




regards to the prevention and control of dengue)
Essential (The content is useful in correcting Misconceptions




on Dengue)
Organized (The information is presented in a logical way





that aids in easy understanding of the material)
Clear and Concise (The information is presented in a simple




way for easy understanding)
B. Titles,
Subtitles
and
Slogan

Appropriate ( Titles, subtitles, and slogan meet the general





purpose of the poster)
Clear (The information is clear and easy to understand)





Enhance Readability (Helps in Understanding the poster)





2. WORDS/ TEXTS





Clear
(Text
size
is
clear
and
readable)

Simple (Words are simple and easy to understand)





Grammar and Spelling ( No grammar or spelling errors)





3. LAY-OUT





Alignment (follow normal left to right, top to bottom





reading/viewing directions or patterns
Balance (Other elements such as photos, drawing/





illustrations and texts are well arranged
White Space (It has open or breathing spaces for rest and





pauses)
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Headings and fonts (Font size for heading and body text are




appropriate)
4. COLOR





Appropriate (Color combination reinforces visibility with





illustrations or graphics including text)
Eye catching (Colors of the graphics and pictures highlight




the focus and interest in the poster and adds realistic effects
to visuals
Enhances Readability (Color contrast enhances the





understanding of the information in the poster)
5. GRAPHICS AND ILLUSTRATIONS





Relevant(Graphics/ illustrations are related to the topic





and made it easier to understand)
Visible (Graphics/ illustrations have appropriate size





which can be viewed at a distance of 5 to 6 ft.)
Attractive (The graphics/ illustrations are simple yet





engaging which make the poster interesting

IV. COMPREHENSIBILITY OF THE POSTER

1. Information on the poster is easily read even without assistance
Yes 1
No 2
2.The poster is easily understood.
Yes 1
No 2
3.The poster uses understandable words.
Yes 1
No 2
4.The font size is large enough to be read clearly
Yes 1
No 2
5. The texts are legible
Yes 1
No 2
6. The spacing of letters, words and sentences are legible
Yes 1
No 2



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C. 4-S AGAINST DENGUE
Rating scale Descriptive Rating
Qualitative Description
5
Excellent
It meets the criteria and exceeds beyond
expectation
4
Good
It meets the criteria
3
Average
There is a little need for improvement to meet
the criteria
2
Fair
It needs more improvement to meet the criteria
1
Poor
It fails to meet the criteria

CRITERIA
1 2 3 4 5
1. CONTENT





A. General Content





Purpose (It has a clear purpose)





Relevant and Significant (It meets the information need with




regards to Misconceptions on Dengue
Essential (The content is useful in correcting Misconceptions




on Dengue)
Organized (The information is presented in a logical way





that aids in easy understanding of the material)
Clear and Concise (The information is presented in a simple




way for easy understanding)
B. Titles,
Subtitles
and
Slogan

Appropriate ( Titles, subtitles, and slogan meet the general





purpose of the poster)
Clear (The information is clear and easy to understand)





Enhance Readability (Helps in Understanding the poster)





2. WORDS/ TEXTS





Clear
(Text
size
is
clear
and
readable)

Simple (Words are simple and easy to understand)





Grammar and Spelling ( No grammar or spelling errors)





3. LAY-OUT





Alignment (follow normal left to right, top to bottom





reading/viewing directions or patterns
Balance (Other elements such as photos, drawing/





illustrations and texts are well arranged
White Space (It has open or breathing spaces for rest and





pauses)
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
Jayralyn Y. Siddayao. 2012

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60

Headings and fonts (Font size for heading and body text are




appropriate)
4. COLOR





Appropriate (Color combination reinforces visibility with





illustrations or graphics including text)
Eye catching (Colors of the graphics and pictures highlight




the focus and interest in the poster and adds realistic effects
to visuals
Enhances Readability (Color contrast enhances the





understanding of the information in the poster)
5. GRAPHICS AND ILLUSTRATIONS





Relevant(Graphics/ illustrations are related to the topic





and made it easier to understand)
Visible (Graphics/ illustrations have appropriate size





which can be viewed at a distance of 5 to 6 ft.)
Attractive (The graphics/ illustrations are simple yet





engaging which make the poster interesting

IV. COMPREHENSIBILITY OF THE POSTER

1. Information on the poster is easily read even without assistance
Yes 1
No 2
2.The poster is easily understood.
Yes 1
No 2
3.The poster uses understandable words.
Yes 1
No 2
4.The font size is large enough to be read clearly
Yes 1
No 2
5. The texts are legible
Yes 1
No 2
6. The spacing of letters, words and sentences are legible
Yes 1
No 2




Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
Jayralyn Y. Siddayao. 2012

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61

Now, let us move on to the benefits that you got from the anti-dengue campaign posters.
Also, I will be asking you the problems that you encountered in reading the posters.
Should you have any suggestions, I shall collect it as it will serve as a basis for
improvement.
VI. BENEFITS, PROBLEMS RECOMMENDED SOLUTIONS
1. What are the benefits you gained in reading the anti-dengue campaign posters?










2. What are the common problems that you encountered concerning the posters?










3. What are your suggestions/ recommendations suggestions regarding the anti-dengue
campaign posters?












Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
Jayralyn Y. Siddayao. 2012

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62

APPENDIX B
Guide Questions for Barangay Health Worker

EVALUATION OF ANTI -DENGUE CAMPAIGN POSTERS IN IRISAN, BAGUIO
CITY

Direction: Please supply answers for the information needed. Rest assured that any
information gathered will be for the thesis purposes only and will be treated with
confidentiality.


1. How do you distribute the posters given by the Baguio Health Department in your
barangay?
________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.
2. What is your basis when posting the posters?
________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.


Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
Jayralyn Y. Siddayao. 2012

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63

APPENDIX C
Guide Questions for Baguio Health Department (BHD) Personnel


EVALUATION OF ANTI -DENGUE CAMPAIGN POSTERS IN IRISAN, BAGUIO
CITY

Direction: Please put a check on the blank provided before the choices and supply
answers for the information needed. Rest assured that any information gathered will be
for the thesis purposes only and will be treated with confidentiality.

Scientific accuracy
Are the contents of the poster in agreement with the current knowledge about
dengue?
____Yes.
How?_____________________________________________________
____No.
Why?______________________________________________________
Direction: Please objectively rate the poster in terms of content, literacy presentation,
illustration and printing quality. Check (/) the box which corresponds to your answer
using the rating scale below.
1-poor

2-good
3-fair
4-excellent
Criteria
Rating
Remarks

1 2 3 4
CONTENT





a. Objectives are evident in





educating the reader about
dengue and how to combat it.
b. No unnecessary information in





the material.
c. Recommendation about the





desired behavior of readers is
satisfactory.
LITERACY PRESENTATION



a. Language used is explanatory



Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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64

b. Language used is conversational


c. Vocabulary is composed of



common words
d. Headings and subheadings are



appropriate and in aid in the
learning process
e. Sequence of information is



consistent
ILLUSTRATION



a. There is balance, proportion and


equilibrium.
b. It has a simple idea- direct to the


point and with impact.
c. It is big and visible at viewing



distance of 5 to 16 feet.
PRINTING QUALITY



a. It is long lasting.










Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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65

GOALS and
APPENDIX D
OBJECTIVES
Letter to Barangay Captain
The Department exists to:
Republic of the Philippines
BENGUET STATE UNIVERSITY
1. Provide instruction for the
La Trinidad, Benguet
acquisition of relevant

knowledge and skills

essential to development
College
of
Agriculture
communication work;

DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENT
2. Provide training ground
COMMUNICATION
for development
communicators who will

uphold the ideals and
January 14 , 2012
standards of instruction,

research and extension in
THOMAS K. DUMALTI
the fields of development
Barangay Captain
journalism, community
Irisan, Baguio City
broadcasting and







educational
Sir:
communication;

3. Create innovative
Warm greetings!
alternative

communication strategies
and opportunities that
The bearer of this letter is a fourth year student of Benguet State
shall draw the full
University taking up B.S. in Development Communication majoring
potentials of learners and
in Development Journalism and is presently conducting a study
practitioners of print,
entitled “Evaluation of the anti-dengue campaign posters in Irisan,
radio, and television.
Baguio City.
4. To conduct researches or

field studies; and
In this connection, may I ask your permission to kindly allow me to
5. To formulate and
conduct a Survey and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to my
implement extension and
respondents in your barangay? They will be the parents, students, Out
development programs.
of School Youths, educators and barangay leaders.
Office Address:

Thank you very much and may the good Lord bless you!
2nd floor, College of

Agriculture Complex,
Benguet State University,
Truly yours,
La Trinidad, Benguet

Email Address:
JAYRALYN Y. SIDDAYAO
devcombsu@yahoo.com.ph
Researcher

Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
Jayralyn Y. Siddayao. 2012

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66  

APPENDIX E
Evaluation of the Anti-dengue campaign poster
POSTER 1. MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT DENGUE

RESPONSES
MEAN
DE
CRITERIA
1
2
3
4
5


1. CONTENT







A. General Content







Purpose
0
0
6
9
17
4.34
Good
Relevant and Significant
0
0
2
10
20
4.56
Good
Essential
0
0
1
15
16
4.47
Good
Organized
0
0
4
12
16
4.48
Good
Clear and Concise
0
0
3
14
15
4.38
Good
TOTAL





4.45
Good
B. Titles, Subtitles and Slogan







Appropriate
0
1
4
9
18
4.38
Good
Clear
0
0
2
14
16
4.44
Good
Enhance Readability
0
0
3
15
14
4.34
Good
TOTAL





4.39
Good
2. WORDS/ TEXTS







Clear
0
1
2
13
16
4.38
Good
Simple
0
0
2
12
18
4.5
Good
Grammar and Spelling
0
0
1
10
21
4.63
Good
TOTAL





4.50
Good
3. LAY-OUT







Alignment
0
0
6
15
11
4.16
Good
Balance
0
0
5
15
12
4.22
Good
White Space
0
0
6
14
12
4.19
Good
Headings and fonts
0
1
5
13
13
4.19
Good
TOTAL





4.19
Good
4. COLOR







Appropriate
0
0
10
10
12
4.06
Average
Eye catching
0
3
7
15
7
3.81
Average
Enhances Readability
0
0
5
20
7
4.06
Good
TOTAL





3.98
Average
5. GRAPHICS & ILLUSTRATIONS







Relevant
0
0
4
10
18
4.44
Good
Visible
0
1
8
8
15
4.16
Good
Attractive
0
0
7
15
10
4.09
Good
TOTAL





4.23
Good
GENERAL TOTAL





4.29
Good
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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67

APPENDIX F
Evaluation of the Anti-dengue campaign poster
POSTER 2. HOW TO PREVENT AND CONTROL DENGUE

RESPONSES
MEAN
DE
CRITERIA
1
2
3
4
5


1. CONTENT







A. General Content







Purpose
0
0
6
14
12
4.19
Good
Relevant and Significant
0
0
4
7
11
4.22
Good
Essential
0
0
6
16
10
4.13
Good
Organized
0
1
7
12
12
4.09
Good
Clear and Concise
0
1
5
12
14
4.22
Good
TOTAL
4.17
Good
B. Titles, Subtitles and Slogan







Appropriate
0
1
3
10
18
4.41
Good
Clear
0
1
4
9
18
4.38
Good
Enhance Readability
0
1
5
9
17
4.31
Good
TOTAL

4.37
Good
2. WORDS/ TEXTS







Clear
0
0
4
15
13
4.28
Good
Simple
0
0
4
13
15
4.34
Good
Grammar and Spelling
0
0
5
11
16
4.34
Good
TOTAL

4.32
Good
3. LAY-OUT







Alignment
0
0
3
14
15
4.38
Good
Balance
0
0
3
15
14
4.34
Good
White Space
0
0
4
13
15
4.34
Good
Headings and fonts
0
0
7
10
15
4.25
Good
TOTAL

4.33
Good
4. COLOR







Appropriate
0
0
3
13
16
4.41
Good
Eye catching
0
0
1
17
14
4.41
Good
Enhances Readability
0
0
4
13
15
4.34
Good
TOTAL

4.39
Good
5. GRAPHICS &ILLUSTRATIONS







Relevant
0
0
6
14
12
4.19
Good
Visible
0
0
9
10
13
4.13
Good
Attractive
0
0
9
14
9
4.00
Good
TOTAL

4.11
Good
GENERAL TOTAL
4.28
Good
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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68
 

APPENDIX G
Evaluation of the Anti-dengue campaign poster
POSTER 3. 4-S AGAINST DENGUE

RESPONSES
MEAN
DE
CRITERIA
1
2
3
4
5


1. CONTENT







A. General Content







Purpose
0
0
1
12
9
4.56
Good
Relevant and Significant
0
0
1
15
16
4.47
Good
Essential
0
0
2
13
17
4.47
Good
Organized
0
0
4
14
14
4.34
Good
Clear and Concise
0
0
4
13
15
4.34
Good
TOTAL





4.44
Good
B. Titles, Subtitles and Slogan






Appropriate
0
0
3
15
14
4.34
Good
Clear
0
0
2
18
12
4.38
Good
Enhance Readability
0
0
2
16
14
4.38
Good
TOTAL





4.37
Good
2. WORDS/ TEXTS






Clear
0
0
7
15
10
4.09
Good
Simple
0
0
5
15
12
4.22
Good
Grammar and Spelling
0
0
3
12
17
4.44
Good
TOTAL





4.25
Good
3. LAY-OUT






Alignment
0
0
5
13
14
4.28
Good
Balance
0
0
4
14
14
4.31
Good
White Space
0
0
3
13
16
4.41
Good
Headings and fonts
0
0
12
14
6
3.81
Good
TOTAL





4.20
Good
4. COLOR






Appropriate
5
2
7
13
5
3.34
Average
Eye catching
2
3
8
11
8
3.63
Average
Enhances Readability
1
3
8
13
7
3.69
Average
TOTAL





3.55
Average
5. GRAPHICS &ILLUSTRATIONS





Relevant
0
0
5
14
13
4.25
Good
Visible
0
0
6
12
14
4.25
Good
Attractive
0
0
7
12
13
4.19
Good
TOTAL





4.23
Good
GENERAL TOTAL
4.17
Good
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Plate1.Poster on the Misconceptions on Dengue
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
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70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Plate 2. Poster on How to prevent and control Dengue
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
Jayralyn Y. Siddayao. 2012

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71

























Plate 3. Poster on 4-S against Dengue
Evaluation of Anti- Dengue Campaign Posters in Irisan, Baguio City /
Jayralyn Y. Siddayao. 2012

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Document Outline

• Evaluation of Anti- Dengue CampaignPosters in Irisan, Baguio City
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • TABLE OF CONTENTS
  • INTRODUCTION
  • REVIEW OF LITERATURE
  • METHODOLOGY
  • RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
  • SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • LITERATURE CITED
  • APPENDIX

---