BIBLIOGRAPHY ALEJANDRO O. ANAS, APRIL 2012....
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ALEJANDRO O. ANAS, APRIL 2012. Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay
Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet.Benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet.
Adviser: Erlinda B. Alupias, PhD
ABSTRACT
The study was done to determine the level of awareness in the implementation of the
solid waste management in the barangay under RA9003; document the solid waste management
practices by each household; and determine problems encountered in compliance of the solid
waste management program in the barangay. The researcher used survey questionnaires and key
informants interview to gather the data. The study was conducted in the barangay Cruz, La
Trinidad Benguet, specifically covering the 7 sitios of Kangas, Lower Cruz, Oliweg, Upper Cruz,
Samoyao, Atta, and sitio Ba-ayan. Respondents were given a survey questionnaire with a total of
160 respondents in 7sitios of the barangay Cruz, including 20 respondents which are the key
informants, (20 respondents per sitio).
The profile of the respondents most of were at the middle ages; were females; and most
of them were married; had college education; were employed by non government or self
employed. Twenty (20) key informants in the barangay Cruz, as the implementers were
purposely selected. Most of them belonged to the ages 25-65 years old.
Awareness of the solid waste management shows that majority of the respondents were
very aware of the solid waste management. The respondents had solid waste practice like
segregated their waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, recyclable, and reusable material.
The most serious problem encountered by the respondents in waste management was: no space
for composting area and whereas the other problems were classified as least serious. The
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet / Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
respondents had suggestions, comments and recommendation for the solid waste management in
the barangay Cruz to promote development in the barangay. The general assessment of the
implementation of solid waste management in the barangay assess by the key informants
appeared that in terms of waste problems, had fully implemented.
Moreover, the barangay continues campaigning regarding waste management
programhelped in getting the attention of the community to have an efficient and effective solid
waste management system that will address the needs of developing barangay, for a clean and
healthy barangay for all generations.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet / Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography……..……………...…………………………….………………. i
Abstract………………………………………………………………………….. i
Table of Contents …………………………………………………………… iii
INTRODUCTION
Rationale ……………………………………………………………… 1
Objectives of the Study ….. ... ………………………………………….. 2
Importance of the Study.,……………………………………………..….. 2
Scope and Delimitation …………………………………………………… 3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The Problem with Waste Reduction …………………………….…… 5
The Solid Waste Management Situation
in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad ………………………………..……. 6
Practiced Employed …………………………………………………. 7
Garbage Collection …………………………………………………… 8
Operational Definition of Terms………………………………………..
9
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study ………………………………………. 12
Respondent of the Study …………………………………………. ….. 12
Research Instrument ……………………………………………..…….. 12
Data Gathered ………………………………………………………. 12
Statistical Analysis ………………………….…………………….…. 15
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Characteristics of the Respondents ………………………………………… 17
The Key Informants………………………………………………………… 19
Awareness of the Solid Waste Management……………………………….. 20
Strategies Employed to Informed the Community…………………………. 22
Solid Waste Management is Introduced by the Barangay…………………… 23
Strategies Employed by the Barangay in the
Implementation of Solid Waste Management……………………………… 24
Solid Waste Management Practices of the Households Respondents……… 26
Frequency of Waste Segregation Practiced of the Household………………. . 27
Penalties on the Impose by Barangay………………………………………… 28
Problems Encountered……………………………………………………… 29
Implementation of Waste Management Program
asPerceived by the Key Informants……………………………..………. 31
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary…………………………………………………………………. 34
Conclusion…………………………………………………………..…… 35
Recommendation………………………………………………………
37
LITERATURE CITED …………………………………………….………….. 39
APPENDICES
A Letter to the Respondents …………………………..………… 40
B Survey Questionnaire for Household …………………….…….. 41
C Survey Questionnaire for Key Informants….…………………….. 47
D Figures……………………………………………………………….49
1
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Improper solid waste disposal is probably the most important environmental concern
facing local governments (Lapante, (2003) as cited by Naz, et.al (2008). This is
particularly true in the Philippines (World Bank, 2001). in response to a garbage crisis,
the first bill that Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo signed into law in 2001
was Republic Act No. 9003 (RA 9003) otherwise known as the Ecological Solid Waste
Management (ECOSWAM) Act which requires all municipalities to dispose waste in a
sanitary and environmentally friendly manner (Naz, et al. 2008).
Ideally, the choice between final waste disposal methods requires a systematic
comparison of all cost and benefits involved, i.e. a proper social cost-benefit analysis,
proper obtaining of information on individual preferences for final waste disposal
facilities, however, is surrounded by difficulties especially if social costs are included
(Miranda and Hale, (1997) as cited by Vollebergh (2004).
In compliance of R.A. 9003 the municipality of La Trinidad developed a 50 million
controlled dump facility in barangay Alno which is almost completed to satisfactory
comply with the provision of Republic Act 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000.
La Trinidad’s controlled sanitary landfill facility will service all the solid waste
disposal needs of the 16 barangay of the town which a giant step towards complying with
the lawful provision on solid waste management. In relation to this, the municipal Mayor
ordered the local government to strictly enforce the segregation of waste at source so that
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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only residuals are accommodated in the facility in order that it could last for a longer
period of time (See, 2010).
Records also shows that preparation for the establishment of the town’s sanitary landfill
started in 2001 which was envisioned by previous local officials to address the expected
increase in solid waste due to the increasing population.
This study aimed not to criticize but to evaluate how far is the implementation of Solid
Waste Management Program in compliance to the R.A. 9003, specifically in barangay
Cruz La Trinidad, Benguet.
Objectives of the Study
The study aimed to evaluate the extent of implementation of R.A.9003 in our
respective locality. Specifically it aimed to:
1. determine the level of awareness in the implementation of the solid waste
management in the barangay.
2. document the solid waste management practices by each households; and
3. determine the problems encountered in compliance of the Solid waste
management program in the barangay.
Importance of the Study
The study hopes to provide information to the concerned implementers, residents and
researchers who may be interested on the solid waste management organization. The
result of the study may serve as baseline data for the improvement of the waste
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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management plans and strategies of implementation of the SWM program in their own
respective areas.
Scope and Delimitation
The study was limited to the evaluation of the implementation of R.A. 9003 in the
barangay of Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet. Specifically, to determine the level of awareness
of the implementation of the Solid waste management in the barangay; document the
solid waste management practices by each household; and the problems encountered in
compliance of Solid waste management program in the barangay.
The results in the evaluation of RA. 9003 are limited only in the seven sitios of barangay
Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Solid waste management should be everybody's concern. It should start at home and be
applied in schools, offices and all areas of human activity. And if there's possibility of
establishing reclamation rather than landfills, the government should spearhead and not
mind such expenses. The law RA 9003 says that Landfill shall only be the last place for
residual waste which no more use even for composting. But the real spirit of the RA 9003
is the zero-waste program which mean, "LETS NOT CREATE GARBAGE THAT WE
CANNOT MAKE USE OR RECYCLE. Landfill has still great possibility of contamination
on underground water and rivers by its leach no matter how high its technology. There's
alternative for landfill and everyday there are new discoveries and inventions. To avoid
health and environmental hazards, EcoWaste Coalition asked the national and local
authorities to move away from dumps and landfills and enforce waste prevention,
reduction, reuse, recycling and composting programs with the people’s involvement and
support. The EcoWaste Coalition, likewise, advised local officials to inspect disposal
sites within their jurisdictions and conduct remedial steps to avert Payatas-like avalanche
from happening during the rainy season. There are 26 “sanitary” landfills (SLFs)
currently operating in the Philippines, and 25 that are undergoing construction. There are
also 349 sites being proposed for new SLFs. Despite long being outlawed, a total of 1,235
open and “controlled” dumps continue to operate in various parts of the country. The data
are from the second quarter of 2009 report of the NSWM. Filipinos must start to learn its
lessons from different tragedies it experienced and we want to move to sustainable
development. (Sullivan, 2008).
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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According to Kelly (1997) as cited by Dang-ay (2005) emphasized that separation of
waste material at source promotes cleanest and most well defined functions of waste,
suitable for subsequent recycling or reuse. Source separation eliminates the need for
expensive and difficult manual or mechanical sorting.
The Problem with Waste Reduction
The negligence of man in performing his duty as steward of nation has resulted to
occurrences of several environmental problem, one of which is the continuous
accumulation and improper disposal of waste that result to other environmental and
health problems .It has always been emphasized that solid waste has no final resting
place, it may possibly cause soil pollution when buried, water pollution when discharged
into water bodies and air pollution when burned. Thus to avoid further solid waste
problems, solid wastes need to be properly handled and managed (Miller, 1995).
The problem in awareness of solid waste management has become major concern of the
nation the rapidly swelling population and intensifying economic activities have all
contributed to the generation of waste especially in schools and urban areas (Presidential
task force on waste management 1996 ) despite the government is introducing of the zero
waste management program or system incorporation of the waste management lessons in
the school curricula and the lunching of war on waste projects, rapid accumulation of
waste has pervasively continued especially with non-recyclable disposable materials
being constantly produced as cited by (Thurgood 1999). The problem of solid waste has
reached proportions, the collective concern of everybody thus there is a need to
strengthen the participation of every one in pursuing a litter less community.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Few would argue that the green movement's challenge to reduce, reuse, recycle is a step
in the wrong direction. But one aspect of the mantra -- the reduction part -- falls short as a
long-term solution for sustainability (Sullivan, 2008).
Lopez (1998) as cited by Dang-ay (2005) said that what is more alarming is the high
population growth rate so he revealed that the volume of solid waste generated would
likewise being greater as the population growth.
Manday- a (1998) further stated that solid waste management is a very simple and
practical to do, practicing the R’s. Reuse, recycle, restore materials, and return to the
factories. If process is workable solution to solid waste material’s they will greatly help
in making the economy more viable.
The Solid Waste Management Situation
in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad
The solid waste management activities in the municipality are supervised by the
Municipal Mayor through the Executive Assistant (EA), who is also designated General
services officer. Assisting the EA is the General Foreman who renders part time services
considering that solid waste management is only one among his many functions.
Technical advice related to solid waste management and health and sanitation is provided
by the Municipal Planning Development Coordinator (MPDC) and the Municipal Health
Office (MHO) respectively, immediately accountable to the General Foreman are the
collection crew and the street sweepers. Also supposed to oversee solid waste
management activities is the Municipal Solid Waste Management Board (MSWMB)
organized in 2002 and recognized in 2003 (La Trinidad Solid Waste Plan,
2004).management activities .
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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In view of barangay Cruz, its solid waste management is similar with the existing
municipal waste management activities, at barangay level, the barangay chairman serve
as the overall supervisor of the waste in the barangay (Figure 1).
Barangay
Committee on Health
CVO’S
Barangay
Kagawad
BPATS
Street Sweeper
Figure 1. Organization chart for solid waste management
Practiced Employed
Recycling refers to the collection and reuse of waste materials such as empty beverage
containers. The materials from which the items are made can be reprocessed into new
products. Material for recycling may be collected separately from general waste using
dedicated bins and collection vehicles, or sorted directly from mixed waste streams.
The most common consumer products recycled include aluminum such as beverage
cans, copper such as wire, steel food and aerosol cans, old steel furnishings or
equipment,polyethylene and bottles, glass ,sandjars, paperboard cartons, newspapers,
magazines and light paper, and corrugated fiberboard boxes are also recyclable. These
items are usually composed of a single type of material, making them relatively easy to
recycle into new products. The recycling of complex products (such as computers and
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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electronic equipment) is more difficult, due to the additional dismantling and separation
required.
process of the type of recycling material accepted varies by city and country. Each city
and country has different recycling programs in place that can handle the various types of
recyclable materials.
Composting waste materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material, food
scraps, and paper products, can be recycled using biological composting and digestion
processes to decompose the organic matter. The resulting organic material is then
recycled as mulch or compost for agricultural or landscaping purposes. In addition, waste
gas from the process (such as methane) can be captured and used for generating
electricity and heat (CHP/cogeneration) maximizing efficiencies. The intention of
biological processing in waste management is to control and accelerate the natural
process of decomposition of organic matter.
Reuse, on the other hand, refers to the recovering materials intended for the same or
different purposes without the alteration of physical and chemical characteristics.
Garbage Collection
The municipal garbage truck collects the garbage along the barangay everyday
from 6am to 8 am. Furthermore the barangay officials do proper coordination/request to
the residents to throw their garbage at the right time and see to it that their garbage is
segregated from non-biodegradable to the newly constructed garbage bin and garbage
drum and also for the extension of services by the municipal garbage truck (Barangay
Cruz Profile, 2009).
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Operational Definition of Terms
Reduce.To buy less and use less. Incorporates common sense ideas like burning off the
lights, rain barrels, and taking shorter showers, but also plays a part in composting/grass
cycling.
Reuse. Elements of the discarded item are used again.. Includes the
terms laundry, repair, .Reuse, on the other hand, refers to the process of recovering
materials intended for the same or different purposes without the alteration of physical
and chemical characteristics
Recycle. Discards are separated into materials that may be incorporated into new
products. This is different from Reuse in that energy is used to change the physical
properties of the material. Initiatives include composting, beverage container deposits and
buying products with a high content of post-consumer material.
Level of Awareness. Is the respondents degree of understanding or knowledge of the
solid waste management program components it may be measured as highly aware,
moderately aware or not aware.
Level of Implementation. Is the extent or degree of doing or conducting the solid waste
management program components it is described as highly implemented, moderately
implemented or not implemented.
Solid waste. Are discarded materials or thing that come from schools households farms
gardens ,commercial establishment and other institution they are group as compostable
recyclable and special. of Solid Waste Management.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Solid waste management.Is the process of dealing with or handling the solid waste which
can be though other disposal (burning, burying, dumping) or recovery (recycling, reusing,
composting waste reduction activities).
Biodegradable waste.Waste made of substances capable of natural decomposition into
harmed elements in a short period, which includes kitchen, garden and animals wastes.
Concrete solid waste box. A box provided with guard and reinforcement concrete floor
for the temporary confinement of accumulated solid waste.
Disposal. Refers to the discard, accumulation, dumping, spilling, leaking or placing of
any solid waste into or in any land or structure.
Littering. Is act of intentionally throwing any waste in areas not designated by the law.
Non Biodegradable. Refers to any waste material retrieve from the waste steam and free
from contamination that can still be converted into suitable beneficial use or refers as
recyclable waste including dry paper, scrap metals , aluminum, glass, tin cans, plastic
containers and other similar materials. Non recyclable waste that can no longer be reuse
for other purposes such as sanitary napkin , disposal diaper, worn out plastics and other
similar materials.
Schedule of sold waste disposal. A prescribe schedule of disposing reusable, recyclable
and non biodegradable waste as set forth by municipal ordinance. Segregated waste a non
toxic solid waste classified as biodegradable or non biodegradable that is properly contain
in suitable bag or other suitable container
Segregation. Refers to the practice of separating different materials found in solid waste
in order to promote recycling and reuse of resources and to reduce the volume of waste
for collection and disposal.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Collection .Shall refer to the act of removing solid waste from the source from a
common storage point
Material recovery facility. Includes a solid waste transfer station or sorting station ,
drop- off center, a composting facility, and recycling facility
Boarder.Temporary resident staying in the barangay purpose of school or to learn a
living.
Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM ). Authority the implementation of solid
waste management of municipality of La Trinidad .
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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The study was conducted in the Municipality of La Trinidad, specifically in the 7
sitios of barangay Cruz (Figure 2). Last December 2011 to January 2012. Cruz is the
smallest barangay of the municipality but it is significant role and strategic area provides
neighboring municipalities the major transport corridor and a convergence area among
vegetable dealers. It is located about 1 kilometer north of the municipal of La Trinidad.
The barangay shares its boundaries with other barangay (Figure 3). Barangay Alapang, to
south by Balili, bound it to the north to the east by barangay Alapang and Tawang and to
the west by barangay Poblacion.
Respondents of the Study
There were 140 households respondents, who were surveyed at least twenty
respondents from each sitio were randomly selected as respondents of the study. A recent
survey showed that the barangay has a total of 677 households with a population of 2,970
individuals.
Research Instrument
The research used survey questionnaires as the main instrument in gathering the data
needed for the study.
Data Gathered
The data gathered include demographic profile of the respondents, level of
awareness of the household respondents in the implementation of the solid waste
management program, solid waste management practices of each household perceived
level of implementation of SWMP and problems encountered by each household in
compliance with the program.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Figure 2 Reference Map of Barangay Cruz
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Figure 3 Reference Map of La Trinidad Barangay
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Statistical Analysis
The data gathered were classified, tabulated and analyzed using the percentages,
frequency counts and weighted mean.
The Likert Scale rating was also used in evaluating the level of the
implementation of R.A. 9003 in the Municipality. The ratings are as follows:
Numerical Rating
Weighted
Mean Qualitative
Description
5
4.20 - 5.00
Extremely Aware
4
3.40 - 4.19
Very Aware
3
2.60 - 3.39
Moderately Aware
2
1.80 - 2.59
Slightly Aware
1
1.00 - 1.79
Not Aware
For documentation of solid waste management practices, the following scales were used:
Numerical Rating
Weighted
Mean Qualitative
Description
3
2.20 - 3.00
Always
2
1.80 - 2.19
Sometimes
1
1.00 - 1.79
Never
In terms to problems encountered, the following scales were also used:
Numerical Rating
Weighted
Mean Qualitative
Description
5
4.20 - 5.00
Extremely Serious (ES),
4
3.40 - 4.19
Moderately Serious (MS),
3
2.60 - 3.39
Quite Serious (QS),
2
1.80 - 2.59
Least Serious (LS),
1
1.00 - 1.79
Not Serious (NE),
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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In terms to general assessment of the key informants regarding solid waste the following
scales were used.
Numerical Rating
Weighted
Mean Qualitative
Description
5
4.20 - 5.00
Fully Implemented (FI),
4
3.40 - 4.19
Moderately Implemented (MI),
3
2.60 - 3.39
Quite Implemented (QI),
2
1.80 - 2.59
Least Implemented (LI),
1
1.00 - 1.79
Not Implemented (NI),
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Characteristics of the Respondents
Self reliance, participation, cooperation and self discipline are the cornerstone of
development process. This study is an evaluation to the implementation of solid waste
management under RA 9003 in the barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet. This has been
purposely undertaken to learn waste management practices, to reduce problem
encountered in waste management and to be fully aware to the solid waste management
problems.
The socio demographic profile of the respondents as to age, sex, civil status, educational
attainment is seen in Table 1.
Age.This implies that the ages of the respondents were distributed from the age (15-65);
most of them were at the middle ages.
Sex.Majority of the respondents were females (57.14%) this is because it is usually the
females who were in charge of the waste disposal in the households.
Civil Status. Most of the respondents were married (52.26%) and the single were
(47.14%).This shows that booth married and single respondents were concerned about
waste management.
Educational Attainment. Majority of there respondents had college education (57.14%)
followed by these with high school education (31.43%), the rest had only elementary
education and vocational, (8.57&2.86) respectively.
Occupation. Most of the respondents were employed by non-government or self-
employed, (74.29%), followed by government employee (25%).
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Table 1. Socio –demographic profile of the respondents
PROFILE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
( % )
Age
15-25
28
20
26-45
88
63
46-55
16
11
56-65
8
6
TOTAL
140
100
Sex
Male
60
43
Female
80
57
TOTAL
140
100
Civil Status
Single
66
47
Married
74
53
TOTAL 140
100
Educational Attainment
Elementary
12
9
High
school
44
31
Vocational
4
3
College
80
57
TOTAL
140
100
Occupation
Government Employee
35
25
Non-Government
Employee
104
74
Farmer
1
1
TOTAL 140
100
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The Key Informants
On the other hand 20 key in formants were purposely selected from the barangay, they
are the barangay officials including the barangay Captain, Kagawads, BFATS, BHW.
Utility workers and citizens of the barangay Cruz .that serve as the implementers of the
implementation of the solid waste management in the barangay
Most if the belong to the ages 25-65 year old majority were males, mostly married and it
shows most of them finished a college degree . The result shows that majority were
employed in the government and none government .they are designed to assess the
implementation of waste management program in the barangay Cruz.
Table 2. Socio –demographic profile of the key informants
PROFILE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(%)
Age
15-25
2 10
26-35
3 15
36-45
5
25
46-55
4 20
56-65
6 30
TOTAL
20
100
Sex
Male
17
85
Female
3
15
TOTAL
20
100
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Table Continued…
PROFILE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Civil Status
Single
8
40
Married
12
60
TOTAL
20
100
Educational Attainment
Elementary
5
25
High
school
7 35
Vocational
0
0
College 8
40
TOTAL
20
100
Occupation
Government Employee
7
35
Non-Government Employee 9
45
Farmer
4
20
TOTAL 20
100
Awareness of the Solid Waste Management
In Table 3 represents the level of awareness in the implementation of solid waste
management. It shows that the awareness on the solid Waste management Program to the
respondents, found out that majority were very aware, with a mean of (4.0).
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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On the other components of waste segregation practices such as composting with a mean
of (3.07), recycling with a mean of (3.31), and re-use with as mean of (3.04), likewise the
solid waste management program components are moderately aware.
About the scheduled of garbage disposal to the collection center which has a mean of
(3.36), respondents are moderately aware of this practices based on the data gathered.
On other hand penalties and policies of solid waste management, with a mean (2.96) still
the result is moderately aware.
According to Thurgood (1999), the problem in awareness of solid waste management
has become major concern of the nation the rapidly swelling population and intensifying
economic activities have all contributed to the generation of waste especially in schools
and urban areas (Presidential task force on waste management 1996 ) despite the
government is introducing of the zero waste management program or system
incorporation of the waste management lessons in the school curricula and the lunching
of war on waste projects , rapid accumulation of waste has pervasively continued
especially with non recyclable disposable materials being constantly produced .
Likewise, the respondents were moderately aware on the policies and penalties on
SWM, with a mean of (2.96%), for one respondent said that penalties or sanction it were
not much felt because it is mostly done in verbal.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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Table 3. Level of Awareness in the implementation of the SWM
AWARENESS WM QD
1. Awareness on solid waste management program 4.00
VA
2. Waste Segregation practices;
Composting
3.07
MA
Recycling
3.31 MA
Re-use 3.04 MA
3. Disposal 3.36 MA
4. Penalties and Policies of SWM
2.96
MA
Weighted Mean Qualitative
Description
4.20 - 5.00
Extremely Aware
3.40 - 4.19
Very Aware
2.60 - 3.39
Moderately Aware
1.80 - 2.59
Slightly Aware
1.00 - 1.79
Not Aware
Strategies Employed to Informed the Community
On the other hand, Table 4 shows how respondents were able to know the
implementation of the program. Majority (54%) responded that they have known the
implementation through distributed fliers, memorandums, leaflets and through: neighbor
and friends by words of mouth (51%). This caught their attention to follow waste
segregation. Others claimed that door to door dissemination of barangay officials 40%,
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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seminars/meetings were conducted, (39%); radio announcement (24%); and community
organization like PTA (17%).This shows the different strategies were employed in the
implementation of the S.W.M .program
Table 4. Strategies employed to informed the communities
STRATEGIES
NO. OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENT (%)
Seminar/meetings conducted by the barangay 54 39
Door to door dissemination by barangay officials 56 40
Fliers, memorandums, leaflets that were distributed by LGU 76 54
Community organization, PTA 24 17
Neighbors and friends by word of mouth 71 51
Radio announcements by LGU 33 24
*Multiple responses
Solid Waste Management is Introduced by the Barangay.
Table 5 shows that the awareness of the respondents towards the practices that were
introduced by the barangay. Majority (81%) of the respondents claimed that they were
taught to segregate their garbage at the household level. This is the responsibility of every
household or every individual in the solid waste management program. Other practices
introduced were recycling of their waste materials (61%); Composting at the (47%); used
of common MRF and collection bins were only (31%) each. This shows that the use of
common MRF and collection bins in the barangay were not introduced since there’s no
safe and area for solid waste transfer station or sorting station, drop- off center. It has
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
24
limited collections bins on each sitio because the barangay can’t provide each bins for
household, because it is also expensive.
Table 5. Practices introduced by the Barangay or LGU
INTRODUCED
NO.
OF
PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS
(%)
Waste segregation in the household levels 114 81
Recycling of waste materials 86 61
Composting at the household 66 47
Use of common Material Recovery Facility 43 31
Use of collection bins 43 31
Strategies Employed by the Barangay in the Implementation of Solid Waste Management
As shown in Table 6, the respondents had noted the activities that the barangay has
undertaken in implementing the SWM program. In descending order, the following
activities were done; monitoring the schedule of garbage collection, (53%).
To see to it that the households as well as the garbage collections have done their jobs on
time, distribution of IEC materials like fliers and leaflets on waste management (49%);
door to door campaign (34%); provision of collection bins (32%) in strategies areas
were in placed; imposed penalties (26%) for non -compliance of the related ordinance
like un segregated waste,; radio announcement,(24%); conducted trainings on waste
recycling (22%) like recycling of waste materials that can be use for other purpose.
Trainings of composting (17%) was introduced to some households, who had enough
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
25
space; putting up a common composting facility and common material recovery facility
was (11%) and (9%), respectively, because the barangay have limited space.
The conducted seminars/trainings (48%) were to disseminate of the waste
management programs. This implies that the barangay officials employed several
possible strategies in implementing the waste management program in their respective
areas.
Table 6. Strategies employed by barangay in the implementation of SWM.
ACTIONS
NO. OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS (%)
Conducted seminars/ meetings with the household
to disseminate the program
67 48
Conducted trainings on waste recycling
31 22
Conducted trainings on composting
24 17
Announced through radio program
34 24
Distributed fliers/leaflets on waste management
69 49
Made door to door campaign/communication
47 34
Provided collection bins in strategic places
45 32
Established common composting facility
16 11
Established common material recovery facility
11 9
Impose sanction/penalties to household who do
not comply with the waste management ordinance 36 26
Monitor the observance of the schedule of garbage
collection by households 74 53
*Multiple responses
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
26
Waste Management Practices of the Household Respondents.
In Table 7, it shows that the majority (93%) of the households had segregated their waste
into biodegradable, non -biodegradable and recyclable/re-usable materials. It shows
though there were some (6%) who disposed off their waste to the collection area without
segregating due to lack of time and space. Furthermore only a few claimed that they
burned and/or buried their waste in their backyards.
For the biodegradable wastes, the respondents claimed that they composed them for
fertilizer for their plants, while kitchen wastes were used as feed for their backyard
animals such as pigs, ducks, and chicken.
This implies that most of the household respondents practiced waste segregation
except for a few. This result affirms the statement of Kelly (1197) as cited by Dang-ay
(2005) that separation of waste material at source promotes cleanest and most well
defined functions of waste that are suitable for subsequent recycling were use. Source
separation eliminates the need for expensive and difficult manual or mechanical sorting.
According to Miller (1995), the negligence of man in performing his duty as steward of
nation has resulted to occurrences of several environmental problem, one of which is the
continuous accumulation and improper disposal of waste that result to other
environmental and health problems it has always been emphasized that solid waste has no
final resting place, it may possibly cause soil pollution when buried, water pollution
when discharged into water bodies and air pollution when burned. Thus to avoid further
solid waste problems, solid wastes need to be properly handled and managed.
Another factor is the space for composting, which most households do not have space to
have it even to make an improvise compost pit especially boarding houses. Another
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
27
respondent commented for this problem, he said that residents who stayed in boarding
houses can not find it way to practice composting of biodegradable waste because of lack
of space in their respective boarding houses and likewise the tendency to create
unpleasant odor. And even if these will be waited to individual who raise backyard
piggery is not convenient for them.
Table 7. Waste management practices of the household respondents
PRACTICES
NO. OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS
(%)
Segregation
130 93
Burning
6 4
Burying
6 4
Full disposal
8 6
Frequency of Waste Segregation Practiced of the Household
Furthermore, the respondents were asked how often they sort their non –biodegradable
waste materials. As shown in able 8, the respondents claimed that they always separate
the plastics bag, wrappers and plastic containers; bottles scraps, and tin cans; kitchen
wastes –vegetable trimmings and fruit peelings, with means of 2.44, 2.4, and 2.24,
respectively. They claimed that sometimes they separate busted /non-functional
appliances or equipment (2.03) because seldom that they this kind of waste materials.
The data implies that most of the respondents always practice waste segregation. There
were few who admitted that sometimes they don’t segregate their waste materials they
just simply throw their waste away, because they lack time to do it, though they were
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
28
bothered by their conscience, they just assumed that the scavengers will be there to pick
and segregate them.
Table 8 Frequency of waste segregation practiced of the households.
SEGREGATION
A S N WM QD
Sorting of waste;
Plastic bags/wrappers, plastic
containers
99 41 1 2.44 Always
Bottles, scraps, tin cans
91 43 0 2.40 Always
Kitchen waste-vegetable
trimming, fruit peeling 84 48 3 2.24 Always
Busted/non-functional appliances
orequipments 57 50 12 2.03 Sometimes
Weighted Mean Qualitative
Description
2.37-3.0
Always
1.67-2.33
Sometimes
1.00-1.66
Never
Penalties on the Impose by Barangay
Further more, Table 9 presents the penalties that were imposed due to improper disposal
and disobeying barangay ordinance. The presence of stray animals such as dogs and cats
is evidently punishable through impounding this to the barangay impounding area and to
be bailed by the respective owner, likewise littering and untimely disposal of garbage.
The CVO’s are used to manned, to police these violators and to be reported
immediately to barangay officials for proper disposition.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
29
Table 9. Penalties on the Imposed by Barangay
PROHIBITED ACTS
NO. OF
PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS ( %)
Littering
52 37.14
Untimely disposal of garbage
58 41.43
Burning of garbage
50 35.71
Non segregation of garbage
59 42.14
Untidy and dirty surrounding
32 22.86
No/Improper garbage storage system
41 29.29
Open dumping of garbage
47 33.57
Stray animals
89 63.57
Problems Encountered
Table 10 shows the problems associated with the compliance of the
implementation of solid waste management.
Having no area for composting was moderately serious and the rest are classified as least
serious. Respondents said that, there should be a specific garbage bin for segregated
waste to cater all waste which the household can not hold in their home. Acquire
barangay dump truck for the continues hauling directly civilian volunteer organization to
manned the implementation of sanctions to those who violated the program.
Aside from these problems it was also noted the presence of astray dogs, undisciplined
borders is also a problem and likewise that there are waste that were dump within the
vicinity that are not from here it self but from other places.As Lopez (1998) as cited by
Dang-ay (2005) said that what is more alarming is the high population growth rate so he
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
30
revealed that the volume of solid waste generated would likewise be greater as the
population growth.
Table 10. Problems encountered by the respondents in waste management.
PROBLEMS
WM
QD
No space for composting
3.01 QS
No space for storing recycled waste before
selling to junk shops.
2.51 LS
No collection bin/ designated area to put waste
for pick up by garbage truck
2.34 LS
No specific/designated dump trucks and garbage bin
to hauled and placed segregated waste
2.38 LS
Schedule of waste disposal is not followed
2.29 LS
Lack of knowledge in recycling practice
2.34 LS
Lack of cooperation among households
2.8 LS
Weighted Mean Qualitative
Description
4.20 - 5.00
Extremely Serious (ES),
3.40 - 4.19
Moderately Serious (MS),
2.60 - 3.39
Quite Serious (QS),
1.80 - 2.59 Least Serious (LS),
1.00 - 1.79
Not Serious (NE),
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
31
Implementation of Waste Management Program as Perceived by the Key Informants
Table 11 presents the general assessment of the implementation of solid waste
management in the barangay as assessed by selected key informants. It appeared that the
presence of a street sweeper in the barangay (Figure 4) helped maintained the orderliness
of the barangay in terms to waste problems as shown in the table as fully implemented
which this person is paid by the barangay alone. Likewise having a concrete garbage box
(Figure 5) maintain garbage not to be scattered by astray animals as well as wind and
scavengers, although residents were asking for more better type of garbage box as
discussed at Table10.
Moreover, the continues campaign of barangay officials (Figure 6) regarding waste
management also helped in getting the attention of the community to follow the
ordinance as also shown in Table 6 Least implemented also for the absent of watchers
(were commented on Table 10), but according to the barangay officials barangay do
watching each garbage post. Whereas the tanod had also there own tasks to do within the
day and night. Specified compost pit was also assessed as least implemented as it was
reflected also at Table 9, likewise on proper segregation (Table 8) and re-used, which
these is assessed by the barangay street sweeper that there were some or individual who
did not abide the ordinance.
The absence of barangay dump truck to hauled garbage was not implemented due to
insufficient fund to buy a car and its maintenance as well as penalties was also not
implemented as also reflected on Table 2 discussions.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
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Table 11. Implementation of the waste management program as perceived by the key
informants.
ASPECTS
WM
QD
Have a proper waste disposal facility
4.75 FI
Each household in the community follow
the barangay policies and regulation about
waste management
2.75 QI
The barangay officials always conduct
forum and disseminate information about
proper waste handling in the barangay
4.7 MI
The barangay have watchers to man
or look for violators for not following
waste management. 2.8 LI
Each household in the community follow
waste segregation.
2.45 LI
Each household in the community
practice reuse. 2.6 LI
All households has its own compost pit for
biodegradable waste.
1.5 NI
Each household follow proper time disposal. 2.5 LI
The barangay has its own centralized compost
pit that household without these, can use 1.5 NI
The barangay have its own utility worker
such as street sweeper and to maintain
the garbage box. 5 FI
The barangay has its own garbage truck
to hauled garbage. 1 NI
Violators are penalized immediately. 1.5 NI
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
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Weighted Mean Qualitative
Description
4.20 - 5.00
Fully Implemented (FI)
3.40 - 4.19
Moderately Implemented (MI)
2.60 - 3.39
Quite Implemented (QI)
1.80 - 2.59
Least Implemented (LI)
1.00 - 1.79
Not Implemented (NI)
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
34
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study was conducted in the Municipality of La Trinidad, specifically in the 7
sitios of barangay Cruz, with 20 respondents of each sitio (140 respondents) and for the
key informants 20 questionnaires are given and design to assess the Implementation of
WMP in the barangay. Specifically it aimed to determine the level of awareness in the
implementation of the Solid waste management in the barangay; document the Solid
waste management practiced by each households, and determine the problems
encountered in compliance of the Solid waste management.
In collecting the data, a survey type of descriptive research method is employed. Twenty
(20) individuals from each sitios served as respondents of the study and twenty (20) key
informants also serves as main evaluator of the effectiveness of the solid waste
management program in the barangay.
Results shows that majority of the respondents are very aware of the solid waste
management program in their respective barangay which is reflected on how they
practice waste segregation. On the other hand the dissemination of information made by
the barangay officials to promote waste management through seminars/ meetings catches
much attention to the community.
In terms to solid waste management practiced by each household, majority do
segregation which they classify this as biodegradable, non biodegradable and reusable a
recyclable materials. For penalties that were imposed due to improper disposal or
disobeying ordinance is not much problem because most follow the time of waste
disposal only that the presence of astray dogs is seen as alarming problem, also with
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
35
composting which not all household can afford to do this practice due to limited spaces in
the observance of waste management like wise to the undisciplined behavior of borders.
In the general assessment of the implementation of solid waste management in the
barangay as assessed by key informants it appeared that having a proper waste disposal
system in the barangay catches attention to all household to do waste segregation as well
as the presence of barangay streets sweeper and the continues conduct of forum regarding
waste management in the barangay reflected that the barangay is under the process of full
implementation of the program.
Conclusion
Based on the discussed results, the following conclusions were derived:
1. Communities were very aware of the implementation of Solid waste
management program through composting ,recycling ,penalties, policies, re-use as
evidence of complying waste segregation although there are still some who do not obey.
2. Most residents are moderately aware who practice segregation which classified
as recycling, the triple-“ R” biodegradable and non biodegradable, composting is not
much practice due to limited space and the danger to create unpleasant odor.
3. On the other hand on strategies that are employed to the communities about the
solid waste management program (24% to 54%) was informed, who knows about the
program, which follows the waste management system in the barangay.
4. The practices that were introduce by the barangay or the local government unit
shows the awareness which are(31% to81%) are fully introduce to the community such as
recycling, composting, using common material recovery and collection bins in the
household levels.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
36
5. Waste management practices of the household, segregated waste with the
average of (93%), some areas they manage their garbage by burning, they burry and some
are full disposal with the average of (4%to 6%).
6. Waste segregation practiced by the households came out that they always
segregate or they always separate their waste before disposing them, such as plastics
bags, wrappers, containers, bottles, and kitchen waste. For future purposes like school
projects, use as packaging groceries, etc.
7. Majority (41 to 63.57%) are very aware of the penalties and policies, the
prohibited acts. those were imposed by the barangay, due to improper disposal of
garbage.
8. While the years come, the population growth keeps increasing. In table 10 the
problems encountered by the barangay are assess as quite serous. It needs development,
such as space for composting, space for sorting, additional speechified garbage bin, dump
trucks and cooperation among household.
9. The implementation of the waste management program assess by the key
informants, appeared that it is fully implemented.
10. Problems encountered in terms to Solid waste management in the barangay are
as follows;
a. No enough space for composting.
b. No time for segregating waste materials that’s why they are forced to disposed full
disposal garbage.
c. Some don’t practice re-use strategies.
d. Irresponsible dog owners, untied dogs.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
37
e. Undisciplined behavior of borders as well as some permanent residents,
some garbage’s are thrown in the barangay garbage bins which are not from the residents
and composting site.
f. No available or safe spaces for material recovery facility as sorting
station or composting facility, and recycling facility for storage area even in the barangay
hall, space are very limited.
g. They are lazy to segregate their own waste.
h. Scavengers not properly informed about proper waste handling.
i. Untimely disposal of garbage, not following schedules.
j. No watchers for the garbage boxes during the time of disposal, to make
it sure that they follow proper waste management.
k. Absence of barangay dump trucks.
l. Penalties are not imposed strictly.
Recommendations
Based on the above conclusions, the following are recommended;
1. Construction of Barangay Material Recovery facility, to cater recyclable
waste, so that only non-biodegradables will be disposing and to help reduce waste.
2. Improve garbage bin, constructing a specified garbage bin for each
segregated waste for (biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and recyclable waste).
3. Conduct forum on responsible animal owners and conduct orientation or
forums to all
boarding house owners as well as borders in regards to barangay ordinance much to
waste management.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
38
4. The barangay officials should conduct a simple training for every sitio about the
composting for every household to apply to their available area that may help to reduce
waste, bad odor to our garbage bins and also use as source of organic fertilizer for our
mini-garden.
5. Unsegregated waste, no waste collection and penalties should impose strictly.
6. Give some place for composting area for the biodegradable waste and barangay
officials should go around house to house informing the house hold to follow and practice
the Solid waste management program.
7. Barangay official’s should check and stay to their area about their waste and they
must place more information materials around of our barangay so that they will improve
cleanliness to our barangay.
8. They should conduct seminars, trainings with the household on and barangay
officials should be strictly monitoring the proper waste segregation.
9. They should adjust the time in collecting garbage because I think this is some
main reason why some residence of our barangay cannot follow the exact time.
10. Continuous education of proper waste segregation and distribution of big bins
for collection.
11. Continue penalties and concrete and standard garbage boxes and to implement
necessary fines or penalty to those who do not comply with the rules.
12. Conduct of market encounters/trade fairs for recycled/reuse products.
13. Imposed higher penalties for violators.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
39
LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS, 2006. Waste minimization- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia.
en. Wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste _minimization.
BARANGAY CRUZ PROFILE, 2009. Barangay Socio –Economic Status
CUNNINGHAM, W. P. 1999. Environmental Science: A Global Concern. McGraw
Hill Company Incorporation: New York. Pp.356-362.
MILLER, T . G. 1995. Living in the Environment. 5thed. New York: Thompson
Learning Inc. Pp. 300-3005.
MILLER, T. G.2004. Living in the Environment .13thed New York: Thomson Learning
Inc Pp.598-605
NAZ, A. C. and M. T. NAZ. 2008. Ecological solid waste management in suburban
municipalities: user fees in Tuba, Philippines. ASEAN Economic Bulletin
SEE, D.A. 2010. “Benguet Open 50 Million Dump Site”: Manila Bulletin Publishing
Corporation. www. Northphiltimes.com?category/Benguet-
SULLIVAN, J. 2008. The problem with waste Reduction-green building.
www.builderonline/
THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN of La Trinidad, Benguet,. 2004. La
Trinidad Benguet.
THURGOOD, M. 1999. Solid Waste Landfills: Decision - Makers Guide Summary.
World Bank, World Health organization, Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation, and Swiss Center for Development Cooperation in Technology and
Management.
VOLLEBERGH, H. 2004. Burn or Bury?: “A Social Cost Comparison of Final Waste
Disposal Methods”. Department of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Netherland.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
40
APPENDICES
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
41
APPENDIX A
Republic of the Philippines
Benguet State University
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
La Trinidad, Benguet
Dear Respondents,
The undersigned student of Benguet State University under the College of
Agriculture is currently conducting a study entitled “Solid Waste Management Practices
here in Barangay Cruz La Trinidad, Benguet.
In this regards, I am asking for your time to answer this questionnaire. Rest
assured that your answers will be kept confidentially.
Thank
you…
Respectfully yours;
ALEJANDRO O. ANAS
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
42
APPENDIX B
Survey Questionnaire for Household
Name Optional: __________________________
Sex: _________
Age:
________ Status:
____________
Date of Birth: _________________
No. of years in Barangay: ___________
Highest educ. Attainment: ___________________ Occupation:________________
A. Level of Awareness in the Implementation of the Solid Waste Management System in
the Barangay. (SWM)
QUESTIONS EXTREMELY VERY
MODERATELY SLIGHTLY
NOT
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
1. Are you
aware of the
solid waste
management
program in
your
barangay?
2. Are you
aware of the
following
solid waste
management
program
components?
Waste
segregation
>Composting
>Waste
recycling
>Re use
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
43
Continued…
QUESTIONS EXTREMELY VERY
MODERATELY SLIGHTLY
NOT
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
4. Are you
aware of the
penalties and
policies that
were imposed
due to
improper
disposal of
garbage?
= littering
=
Untimely
disposal of
garbage
= Burning of
garbage
= Non
segregation of
garbage
= Untidy and
dirty
surrounding
= Open
dumping of
garbage
>stray animals
5. Who is/are responsible in imposing those penalties and policies for the violators?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6. How did you know about the program? (Put a check mark, beside the question)
_________through seminar/meetings conducted by the barangay
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
44
_________through door to door dissemination by barangay officials
_________through fliers, memorandums, leaflets that were distributed by LGU
_________through community organization, PTA
_________through neighbors and friends by word of mouth
_________through radio announcements by LGU
_________others, specify___________________________________________________
7. What are solid waste management practices that were introduced/ promoted by the
barangay?
________waste segregation in the household levels
________recycling of waste materials
________composting at the household
________use of common Material Recovery Facility in the Barangay
________use of collection bins
________others,
specify____________________________________________________
8. What are strategies employed by the barangay in implementing the SWMP?
________conducted seminars/ meetings with the household to disseminate the program
________conducted trainings on waste recycling
________conducted trainings on composting
________announced through radio program
________distributed fliers/leaflets on waste management
________made door to door campaign/communication by the officials
________provided collection bins in strategic places
________established common composting facility within the barangay
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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45
________established common material recovery facility within the barangay
________impose sanction/penalties to household who do not comply with the waste
________monitor the observance of the schedule of garbage collector by households
B. Practices employed
1. How do you manage your garbage?
_______ Segregation _____ Burning _____ Burying _____ Full disposal
2 Do you segregate your garbage? _________Yes _______No
3. If segregated, how do you classify your waste?
_______biodegradable (nabubulok)
_______non-biodegradable (di nabubulok)
_______recyclable/reusable (plastic containers, cartoons, papers, bottles, tin cans, scrap).
4. Please rate the following how often do you follow segregation.
ALWAYS SOMETIMES
NEVER
1. 1. How often do you follow the following
waste segregations?
Plastic bags/wrappers, plastic containers
>bottles, scraps, tin cans
>kitchen wastes-vegetable trimmings, fruit
peelings
>busted/non-functional household appliances,
equipment
6. Were you reprimanded verbally for any violations of the above mentioned?
___Yes ___No.
7. Do you know of anyone in the barangay who was reprimanded or penalized for not
following any of the waste management properly? ______Yes ____________No
8. Do you give all your waste to the garbage collector/collection bin? ___yes _____no
9. Do you dispose all your segregated wastes to the garbage collector/collection bin?
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
46
____yes ____no
10. Do you have your own compost pit? _____yes _____no
If not, why? _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
11. Do you dispose your recyclable wastes to the junk shops? _____yes ____no
or individual buyers? _____yes ____no
12. Do you burn non-biodegradable wastes? _______yes _______ no
13. Do you give only the non-biodegradable (di nabubulok) waste to the garbage
collector?
________yes ________no
14. Do you re-use some of your waste? ______yes _______no
15. What are the things that you re-use or recycle and how do you recycle/re-use them?
Material
Uses
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
C. Please rates the seriousness of the following problems that you have encountered in
the implementation of SWMP.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
47
PROBLEMS NOT
QUITE
MODERATELY EXTREMELY
SERIOUS SERIOUS
SRIOUS
SERIOUS
1.No space for composting my
biodegradable wastes
2. No space for my recycled
waste material to be store
before sold to the junk shops.
3No collection bin/designated
area to put in our waste for pick
up by garbage truck
4. No specific/designated dump
trucks to load different waste
products.
5.Schedule of garbage collector
is not followed
6.Lack of knowledge in
recycling my waste materials
7.Lack of cooperation among
households in complying with
the SWMP
8. With the identified problems, what recommendations would you give to improve the SWMP of
your barangay?
THANK YOU VER MUCH!
APPENDIX C
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
48
Survey Questionnaire Key Informants
Name (Optional): __________________________
Sex: _________
Age:
________ Status:
____________
Date of Birth: _________________
No. of years in Barangay: ___________
Highest Educ. Attainment:___________________
Occupation:________________
Position held in the Barangay: ______________________________
I. The following questions are designed to assess the implementation of waste
management in your barangay. Please put check mark according to your preference.
Criteria:
FI =Fully Implemented
LI = Least Implemented
MI = Moderately Implemented
NI = Not Implemented
QI = Quite Implemented
QUESTION CRITERIA
FI
MI
QI
LI
NI
1. Does the barangay have proper waste disposal
facility?
2. Does each household in the community follow the
barangay policies and regulation about waste
management?
3. Do the barangay officials always conduct forum
or disseminate information about proper waste
handling in the barangay?
4. Does the barangay have watchers to man or look
for violator for not following waste management?
5. Do each household in the community follow
segregation?
6. Does each household in the community practice
reuse?
Continued…
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
49
QUESTION CRITERIA
FI
MI
QI
LI
NI
7. Do all households follow proper time disposals?
8. Do all households have its own compost pit for
biodegradable waste?
9. Or, does the barangay has its own centralized
compost pit that household without these, can use?
10. Does the barangay have its own utility worker as
street sweepers and to maintain the garbage box?
11. Does the barangay have its own garbage truck to
collects the barangay waste?
12. Were violators penalized immediately?
13. Other problems? ___________________________________________________
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!
APPENDIX D
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
50
Figure 4. The Barangay Street Sweeper
Figure 5.Community Concrete Garbage Boxes provided by the Brgy.
Figure 6. Barangay Local Officials the Implementers
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
ALEJANDRO O. ANAS, APRIL 2012. Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay
Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet.Benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet.
Adviser: Erlinda B. Alupias, PhD
ABSTRACT
The study was done to determine the level of awareness in the implementation of the
solid waste management in the barangay under RA9003; document the solid waste management
practices by each household; and determine problems encountered in compliance of the solid
waste management program in the barangay. The researcher used survey questionnaires and key
informants interview to gather the data. The study was conducted in the barangay Cruz, La
Trinidad Benguet, specifically covering the 7 sitios of Kangas, Lower Cruz, Oliweg, Upper Cruz,
Samoyao, Atta, and sitio Ba-ayan. Respondents were given a survey questionnaire with a total of
160 respondents in 7sitios of the barangay Cruz, including 20 respondents which are the key
informants, (20 respondents per sitio).
The profile of the respondents most of were at the middle ages; were females; and most
of them were married; had college education; were employed by non government or self
employed. Twenty (20) key informants in the barangay Cruz, as the implementers were
purposely selected. Most of them belonged to the ages 25-65 years old.
Awareness of the solid waste management shows that majority of the respondents were
very aware of the solid waste management. The respondents had solid waste practice like
segregated their waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, recyclable, and reusable material.
The most serious problem encountered by the respondents in waste management was: no space
for composting area and whereas the other problems were classified as least serious. The
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet / Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
respondents had suggestions, comments and recommendation for the solid waste management in
the barangay Cruz to promote development in the barangay. The general assessment of the
implementation of solid waste management in the barangay assess by the key informants
appeared that in terms of waste problems, had fully implemented.
Moreover, the barangay continues campaigning regarding waste management
programhelped in getting the attention of the community to have an efficient and effective solid
waste management system that will address the needs of developing barangay, for a clean and
healthy barangay for all generations.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet / Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Bibliography……..……………...…………………………….………………. i
Abstract………………………………………………………………………….. i
Table of Contents …………………………………………………………… iii
INTRODUCTION
Rationale ……………………………………………………………… 1
Objectives of the Study ….. ... ………………………………………….. 2
Importance of the Study.,……………………………………………..….. 2
Scope and Delimitation …………………………………………………… 3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The Problem with Waste Reduction …………………………….…… 5
The Solid Waste Management Situation
in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad ………………………………..……. 6
Practiced Employed …………………………………………………. 7
Garbage Collection …………………………………………………… 8
Operational Definition of Terms………………………………………..
9
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study ………………………………………. 12
Respondent of the Study …………………………………………. ….. 12
Research Instrument ……………………………………………..…….. 12
Data Gathered ………………………………………………………. 12
Statistical Analysis ………………………….…………………….…. 15
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Characteristics of the Respondents ………………………………………… 17
The Key Informants………………………………………………………… 19
Awareness of the Solid Waste Management……………………………….. 20
Strategies Employed to Informed the Community…………………………. 22
Solid Waste Management is Introduced by the Barangay…………………… 23
Strategies Employed by the Barangay in the
Implementation of Solid Waste Management……………………………… 24
Solid Waste Management Practices of the Households Respondents……… 26
Frequency of Waste Segregation Practiced of the Household………………. . 27
Penalties on the Impose by Barangay………………………………………… 28
Problems Encountered……………………………………………………… 29
Implementation of Waste Management Program
asPerceived by the Key Informants……………………………..………. 31
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary…………………………………………………………………. 34
Conclusion…………………………………………………………..…… 35
Recommendation………………………………………………………
37
LITERATURE CITED …………………………………………….………….. 39
APPENDICES
A Letter to the Respondents …………………………..………… 40
B Survey Questionnaire for Household …………………….…….. 41
C Survey Questionnaire for Key Informants….…………………….. 47
D Figures……………………………………………………………….49
1
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Improper solid waste disposal is probably the most important environmental concern
facing local governments (Lapante, (2003) as cited by Naz, et.al (2008). This is
particularly true in the Philippines (World Bank, 2001). in response to a garbage crisis,
the first bill that Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo signed into law in 2001
was Republic Act No. 9003 (RA 9003) otherwise known as the Ecological Solid Waste
Management (ECOSWAM) Act which requires all municipalities to dispose waste in a
sanitary and environmentally friendly manner (Naz, et al. 2008).
Ideally, the choice between final waste disposal methods requires a systematic
comparison of all cost and benefits involved, i.e. a proper social cost-benefit analysis,
proper obtaining of information on individual preferences for final waste disposal
facilities, however, is surrounded by difficulties especially if social costs are included
(Miranda and Hale, (1997) as cited by Vollebergh (2004).
In compliance of R.A. 9003 the municipality of La Trinidad developed a 50 million
controlled dump facility in barangay Alno which is almost completed to satisfactory
comply with the provision of Republic Act 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000.
La Trinidad’s controlled sanitary landfill facility will service all the solid waste
disposal needs of the 16 barangay of the town which a giant step towards complying with
the lawful provision on solid waste management. In relation to this, the municipal Mayor
ordered the local government to strictly enforce the segregation of waste at source so that
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
2
only residuals are accommodated in the facility in order that it could last for a longer
period of time (See, 2010).
Records also shows that preparation for the establishment of the town’s sanitary landfill
started in 2001 which was envisioned by previous local officials to address the expected
increase in solid waste due to the increasing population.
This study aimed not to criticize but to evaluate how far is the implementation of Solid
Waste Management Program in compliance to the R.A. 9003, specifically in barangay
Cruz La Trinidad, Benguet.
Objectives of the Study
The study aimed to evaluate the extent of implementation of R.A.9003 in our
respective locality. Specifically it aimed to:
1. determine the level of awareness in the implementation of the solid waste
management in the barangay.
2. document the solid waste management practices by each households; and
3. determine the problems encountered in compliance of the Solid waste
management program in the barangay.
Importance of the Study
The study hopes to provide information to the concerned implementers, residents and
researchers who may be interested on the solid waste management organization. The
result of the study may serve as baseline data for the improvement of the waste
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
3
management plans and strategies of implementation of the SWM program in their own
respective areas.
Scope and Delimitation
The study was limited to the evaluation of the implementation of R.A. 9003 in the
barangay of Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet. Specifically, to determine the level of awareness
of the implementation of the Solid waste management in the barangay; document the
solid waste management practices by each household; and the problems encountered in
compliance of Solid waste management program in the barangay.
The results in the evaluation of RA. 9003 are limited only in the seven sitios of barangay
Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Solid waste management should be everybody's concern. It should start at home and be
applied in schools, offices and all areas of human activity. And if there's possibility of
establishing reclamation rather than landfills, the government should spearhead and not
mind such expenses. The law RA 9003 says that Landfill shall only be the last place for
residual waste which no more use even for composting. But the real spirit of the RA 9003
is the zero-waste program which mean, "LETS NOT CREATE GARBAGE THAT WE
CANNOT MAKE USE OR RECYCLE. Landfill has still great possibility of contamination
on underground water and rivers by its leach no matter how high its technology. There's
alternative for landfill and everyday there are new discoveries and inventions. To avoid
health and environmental hazards, EcoWaste Coalition asked the national and local
authorities to move away from dumps and landfills and enforce waste prevention,
reduction, reuse, recycling and composting programs with the people’s involvement and
support. The EcoWaste Coalition, likewise, advised local officials to inspect disposal
sites within their jurisdictions and conduct remedial steps to avert Payatas-like avalanche
from happening during the rainy season. There are 26 “sanitary” landfills (SLFs)
currently operating in the Philippines, and 25 that are undergoing construction. There are
also 349 sites being proposed for new SLFs. Despite long being outlawed, a total of 1,235
open and “controlled” dumps continue to operate in various parts of the country. The data
are from the second quarter of 2009 report of the NSWM. Filipinos must start to learn its
lessons from different tragedies it experienced and we want to move to sustainable
development. (Sullivan, 2008).
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
5
According to Kelly (1997) as cited by Dang-ay (2005) emphasized that separation of
waste material at source promotes cleanest and most well defined functions of waste,
suitable for subsequent recycling or reuse. Source separation eliminates the need for
expensive and difficult manual or mechanical sorting.
The Problem with Waste Reduction
The negligence of man in performing his duty as steward of nation has resulted to
occurrences of several environmental problem, one of which is the continuous
accumulation and improper disposal of waste that result to other environmental and
health problems .It has always been emphasized that solid waste has no final resting
place, it may possibly cause soil pollution when buried, water pollution when discharged
into water bodies and air pollution when burned. Thus to avoid further solid waste
problems, solid wastes need to be properly handled and managed (Miller, 1995).
The problem in awareness of solid waste management has become major concern of the
nation the rapidly swelling population and intensifying economic activities have all
contributed to the generation of waste especially in schools and urban areas (Presidential
task force on waste management 1996 ) despite the government is introducing of the zero
waste management program or system incorporation of the waste management lessons in
the school curricula and the lunching of war on waste projects, rapid accumulation of
waste has pervasively continued especially with non-recyclable disposable materials
being constantly produced as cited by (Thurgood 1999). The problem of solid waste has
reached proportions, the collective concern of everybody thus there is a need to
strengthen the participation of every one in pursuing a litter less community.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
6
Few would argue that the green movement's challenge to reduce, reuse, recycle is a step
in the wrong direction. But one aspect of the mantra -- the reduction part -- falls short as a
long-term solution for sustainability (Sullivan, 2008).
Lopez (1998) as cited by Dang-ay (2005) said that what is more alarming is the high
population growth rate so he revealed that the volume of solid waste generated would
likewise being greater as the population growth.
Manday- a (1998) further stated that solid waste management is a very simple and
practical to do, practicing the R’s. Reuse, recycle, restore materials, and return to the
factories. If process is workable solution to solid waste material’s they will greatly help
in making the economy more viable.
The Solid Waste Management Situation
in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad
The solid waste management activities in the municipality are supervised by the
Municipal Mayor through the Executive Assistant (EA), who is also designated General
services officer. Assisting the EA is the General Foreman who renders part time services
considering that solid waste management is only one among his many functions.
Technical advice related to solid waste management and health and sanitation is provided
by the Municipal Planning Development Coordinator (MPDC) and the Municipal Health
Office (MHO) respectively, immediately accountable to the General Foreman are the
collection crew and the street sweepers. Also supposed to oversee solid waste
management activities is the Municipal Solid Waste Management Board (MSWMB)
organized in 2002 and recognized in 2003 (La Trinidad Solid Waste Plan,
2004).management activities .
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
7
In view of barangay Cruz, its solid waste management is similar with the existing
municipal waste management activities, at barangay level, the barangay chairman serve
as the overall supervisor of the waste in the barangay (Figure 1).
Barangay
Committee on Health
CVO’S
Barangay
Kagawad
BPATS
Street Sweeper
Figure 1. Organization chart for solid waste management
Practiced Employed
Recycling refers to the collection and reuse of waste materials such as empty beverage
containers. The materials from which the items are made can be reprocessed into new
products. Material for recycling may be collected separately from general waste using
dedicated bins and collection vehicles, or sorted directly from mixed waste streams.
The most common consumer products recycled include aluminum such as beverage
cans, copper such as wire, steel food and aerosol cans, old steel furnishings or
equipment,polyethylene and bottles, glass ,sandjars, paperboard cartons, newspapers,
magazines and light paper, and corrugated fiberboard boxes are also recyclable. These
items are usually composed of a single type of material, making them relatively easy to
recycle into new products. The recycling of complex products (such as computers and
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
8
electronic equipment) is more difficult, due to the additional dismantling and separation
required.
process of the type of recycling material accepted varies by city and country. Each city
and country has different recycling programs in place that can handle the various types of
recyclable materials.
Composting waste materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material, food
scraps, and paper products, can be recycled using biological composting and digestion
processes to decompose the organic matter. The resulting organic material is then
recycled as mulch or compost for agricultural or landscaping purposes. In addition, waste
gas from the process (such as methane) can be captured and used for generating
electricity and heat (CHP/cogeneration) maximizing efficiencies. The intention of
biological processing in waste management is to control and accelerate the natural
process of decomposition of organic matter.
Reuse, on the other hand, refers to the recovering materials intended for the same or
different purposes without the alteration of physical and chemical characteristics.
Garbage Collection
The municipal garbage truck collects the garbage along the barangay everyday
from 6am to 8 am. Furthermore the barangay officials do proper coordination/request to
the residents to throw their garbage at the right time and see to it that their garbage is
segregated from non-biodegradable to the newly constructed garbage bin and garbage
drum and also for the extension of services by the municipal garbage truck (Barangay
Cruz Profile, 2009).
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
9
Operational Definition of Terms
Reduce.To buy less and use less. Incorporates common sense ideas like burning off the
lights, rain barrels, and taking shorter showers, but also plays a part in composting/grass
cycling.
Reuse. Elements of the discarded item are used again.. Includes the
terms laundry, repair, .Reuse, on the other hand, refers to the process of recovering
materials intended for the same or different purposes without the alteration of physical
and chemical characteristics
Recycle. Discards are separated into materials that may be incorporated into new
products. This is different from Reuse in that energy is used to change the physical
properties of the material. Initiatives include composting, beverage container deposits and
buying products with a high content of post-consumer material.
Level of Awareness. Is the respondents degree of understanding or knowledge of the
solid waste management program components it may be measured as highly aware,
moderately aware or not aware.
Level of Implementation. Is the extent or degree of doing or conducting the solid waste
management program components it is described as highly implemented, moderately
implemented or not implemented.
Solid waste. Are discarded materials or thing that come from schools households farms
gardens ,commercial establishment and other institution they are group as compostable
recyclable and special. of Solid Waste Management.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
10
Solid waste management.Is the process of dealing with or handling the solid waste which
can be though other disposal (burning, burying, dumping) or recovery (recycling, reusing,
composting waste reduction activities).
Biodegradable waste.Waste made of substances capable of natural decomposition into
harmed elements in a short period, which includes kitchen, garden and animals wastes.
Concrete solid waste box. A box provided with guard and reinforcement concrete floor
for the temporary confinement of accumulated solid waste.
Disposal. Refers to the discard, accumulation, dumping, spilling, leaking or placing of
any solid waste into or in any land or structure.
Littering. Is act of intentionally throwing any waste in areas not designated by the law.
Non Biodegradable. Refers to any waste material retrieve from the waste steam and free
from contamination that can still be converted into suitable beneficial use or refers as
recyclable waste including dry paper, scrap metals , aluminum, glass, tin cans, plastic
containers and other similar materials. Non recyclable waste that can no longer be reuse
for other purposes such as sanitary napkin , disposal diaper, worn out plastics and other
similar materials.
Schedule of sold waste disposal. A prescribe schedule of disposing reusable, recyclable
and non biodegradable waste as set forth by municipal ordinance. Segregated waste a non
toxic solid waste classified as biodegradable or non biodegradable that is properly contain
in suitable bag or other suitable container
Segregation. Refers to the practice of separating different materials found in solid waste
in order to promote recycling and reuse of resources and to reduce the volume of waste
for collection and disposal.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
11
Collection .Shall refer to the act of removing solid waste from the source from a
common storage point
Material recovery facility. Includes a solid waste transfer station or sorting station ,
drop- off center, a composting facility, and recycling facility
Boarder.Temporary resident staying in the barangay purpose of school or to learn a
living.
Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM ). Authority the implementation of solid
waste management of municipality of La Trinidad .
METHODOLOGY
Locale and Time of the Study
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
12
The study was conducted in the Municipality of La Trinidad, specifically in the 7
sitios of barangay Cruz (Figure 2). Last December 2011 to January 2012. Cruz is the
smallest barangay of the municipality but it is significant role and strategic area provides
neighboring municipalities the major transport corridor and a convergence area among
vegetable dealers. It is located about 1 kilometer north of the municipal of La Trinidad.
The barangay shares its boundaries with other barangay (Figure 3). Barangay Alapang, to
south by Balili, bound it to the north to the east by barangay Alapang and Tawang and to
the west by barangay Poblacion.
Respondents of the Study
There were 140 households respondents, who were surveyed at least twenty
respondents from each sitio were randomly selected as respondents of the study. A recent
survey showed that the barangay has a total of 677 households with a population of 2,970
individuals.
Research Instrument
The research used survey questionnaires as the main instrument in gathering the data
needed for the study.
Data Gathered
The data gathered include demographic profile of the respondents, level of
awareness of the household respondents in the implementation of the solid waste
management program, solid waste management practices of each household perceived
level of implementation of SWMP and problems encountered by each household in
compliance with the program.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
13
Figure 2 Reference Map of Barangay Cruz
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
14
Figure 3 Reference Map of La Trinidad Barangay
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
15
Statistical Analysis
The data gathered were classified, tabulated and analyzed using the percentages,
frequency counts and weighted mean.
The Likert Scale rating was also used in evaluating the level of the
implementation of R.A. 9003 in the Municipality. The ratings are as follows:
Numerical Rating
Weighted
Mean Qualitative
Description
5
4.20 - 5.00
Extremely Aware
4
3.40 - 4.19
Very Aware
3
2.60 - 3.39
Moderately Aware
2
1.80 - 2.59
Slightly Aware
1
1.00 - 1.79
Not Aware
For documentation of solid waste management practices, the following scales were used:
Numerical Rating
Weighted
Mean Qualitative
Description
3
2.20 - 3.00
Always
2
1.80 - 2.19
Sometimes
1
1.00 - 1.79
Never
In terms to problems encountered, the following scales were also used:
Numerical Rating
Weighted
Mean Qualitative
Description
5
4.20 - 5.00
Extremely Serious (ES),
4
3.40 - 4.19
Moderately Serious (MS),
3
2.60 - 3.39
Quite Serious (QS),
2
1.80 - 2.59
Least Serious (LS),
1
1.00 - 1.79
Not Serious (NE),
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
16
In terms to general assessment of the key informants regarding solid waste the following
scales were used.
Numerical Rating
Weighted
Mean Qualitative
Description
5
4.20 - 5.00
Fully Implemented (FI),
4
3.40 - 4.19
Moderately Implemented (MI),
3
2.60 - 3.39
Quite Implemented (QI),
2
1.80 - 2.59
Least Implemented (LI),
1
1.00 - 1.79
Not Implemented (NI),
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
17
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Characteristics of the Respondents
Self reliance, participation, cooperation and self discipline are the cornerstone of
development process. This study is an evaluation to the implementation of solid waste
management under RA 9003 in the barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet. This has been
purposely undertaken to learn waste management practices, to reduce problem
encountered in waste management and to be fully aware to the solid waste management
problems.
The socio demographic profile of the respondents as to age, sex, civil status, educational
attainment is seen in Table 1.
Age.This implies that the ages of the respondents were distributed from the age (15-65);
most of them were at the middle ages.
Sex.Majority of the respondents were females (57.14%) this is because it is usually the
females who were in charge of the waste disposal in the households.
Civil Status. Most of the respondents were married (52.26%) and the single were
(47.14%).This shows that booth married and single respondents were concerned about
waste management.
Educational Attainment. Majority of there respondents had college education (57.14%)
followed by these with high school education (31.43%), the rest had only elementary
education and vocational, (8.57&2.86) respectively.
Occupation. Most of the respondents were employed by non-government or self-
employed, (74.29%), followed by government employee (25%).
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
18
Table 1. Socio –demographic profile of the respondents
PROFILE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
( % )
Age
15-25
28
20
26-45
88
63
46-55
16
11
56-65
8
6
TOTAL
140
100
Sex
Male
60
43
Female
80
57
TOTAL
140
100
Civil Status
Single
66
47
Married
74
53
TOTAL 140
100
Educational Attainment
Elementary
12
9
High
school
44
31
Vocational
4
3
College
80
57
TOTAL
140
100
Occupation
Government Employee
35
25
Non-Government
Employee
104
74
Farmer
1
1
TOTAL 140
100
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
19
The Key Informants
On the other hand 20 key in formants were purposely selected from the barangay, they
are the barangay officials including the barangay Captain, Kagawads, BFATS, BHW.
Utility workers and citizens of the barangay Cruz .that serve as the implementers of the
implementation of the solid waste management in the barangay
Most if the belong to the ages 25-65 year old majority were males, mostly married and it
shows most of them finished a college degree . The result shows that majority were
employed in the government and none government .they are designed to assess the
implementation of waste management program in the barangay Cruz.
Table 2. Socio –demographic profile of the key informants
PROFILE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
(%)
Age
15-25
2 10
26-35
3 15
36-45
5
25
46-55
4 20
56-65
6 30
TOTAL
20
100
Sex
Male
17
85
Female
3
15
TOTAL
20
100
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
20
Table Continued…
PROFILE
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Civil Status
Single
8
40
Married
12
60
TOTAL
20
100
Educational Attainment
Elementary
5
25
High
school
7 35
Vocational
0
0
College 8
40
TOTAL
20
100
Occupation
Government Employee
7
35
Non-Government Employee 9
45
Farmer
4
20
TOTAL 20
100
Awareness of the Solid Waste Management
In Table 3 represents the level of awareness in the implementation of solid waste
management. It shows that the awareness on the solid Waste management Program to the
respondents, found out that majority were very aware, with a mean of (4.0).
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
21
On the other components of waste segregation practices such as composting with a mean
of (3.07), recycling with a mean of (3.31), and re-use with as mean of (3.04), likewise the
solid waste management program components are moderately aware.
About the scheduled of garbage disposal to the collection center which has a mean of
(3.36), respondents are moderately aware of this practices based on the data gathered.
On other hand penalties and policies of solid waste management, with a mean (2.96) still
the result is moderately aware.
According to Thurgood (1999), the problem in awareness of solid waste management
has become major concern of the nation the rapidly swelling population and intensifying
economic activities have all contributed to the generation of waste especially in schools
and urban areas (Presidential task force on waste management 1996 ) despite the
government is introducing of the zero waste management program or system
incorporation of the waste management lessons in the school curricula and the lunching
of war on waste projects , rapid accumulation of waste has pervasively continued
especially with non recyclable disposable materials being constantly produced .
Likewise, the respondents were moderately aware on the policies and penalties on
SWM, with a mean of (2.96%), for one respondent said that penalties or sanction it were
not much felt because it is mostly done in verbal.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
22
Table 3. Level of Awareness in the implementation of the SWM
AWARENESS WM QD
1. Awareness on solid waste management program 4.00
VA
2. Waste Segregation practices;
Composting
3.07
MA
Recycling
3.31 MA
Re-use 3.04 MA
3. Disposal 3.36 MA
4. Penalties and Policies of SWM
2.96
MA
Weighted Mean Qualitative
Description
4.20 - 5.00
Extremely Aware
3.40 - 4.19
Very Aware
2.60 - 3.39
Moderately Aware
1.80 - 2.59
Slightly Aware
1.00 - 1.79
Not Aware
Strategies Employed to Informed the Community
On the other hand, Table 4 shows how respondents were able to know the
implementation of the program. Majority (54%) responded that they have known the
implementation through distributed fliers, memorandums, leaflets and through: neighbor
and friends by words of mouth (51%). This caught their attention to follow waste
segregation. Others claimed that door to door dissemination of barangay officials 40%,
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
23
seminars/meetings were conducted, (39%); radio announcement (24%); and community
organization like PTA (17%).This shows the different strategies were employed in the
implementation of the S.W.M .program
Table 4. Strategies employed to informed the communities
STRATEGIES
NO. OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENT (%)
Seminar/meetings conducted by the barangay 54 39
Door to door dissemination by barangay officials 56 40
Fliers, memorandums, leaflets that were distributed by LGU 76 54
Community organization, PTA 24 17
Neighbors and friends by word of mouth 71 51
Radio announcements by LGU 33 24
*Multiple responses
Solid Waste Management is Introduced by the Barangay.
Table 5 shows that the awareness of the respondents towards the practices that were
introduced by the barangay. Majority (81%) of the respondents claimed that they were
taught to segregate their garbage at the household level. This is the responsibility of every
household or every individual in the solid waste management program. Other practices
introduced were recycling of their waste materials (61%); Composting at the (47%); used
of common MRF and collection bins were only (31%) each. This shows that the use of
common MRF and collection bins in the barangay were not introduced since there’s no
safe and area for solid waste transfer station or sorting station, drop- off center. It has
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
24
limited collections bins on each sitio because the barangay can’t provide each bins for
household, because it is also expensive.
Table 5. Practices introduced by the Barangay or LGU
INTRODUCED
NO.
OF
PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS
(%)
Waste segregation in the household levels 114 81
Recycling of waste materials 86 61
Composting at the household 66 47
Use of common Material Recovery Facility 43 31
Use of collection bins 43 31
Strategies Employed by the Barangay in the Implementation of Solid Waste Management
As shown in Table 6, the respondents had noted the activities that the barangay has
undertaken in implementing the SWM program. In descending order, the following
activities were done; monitoring the schedule of garbage collection, (53%).
To see to it that the households as well as the garbage collections have done their jobs on
time, distribution of IEC materials like fliers and leaflets on waste management (49%);
door to door campaign (34%); provision of collection bins (32%) in strategies areas
were in placed; imposed penalties (26%) for non -compliance of the related ordinance
like un segregated waste,; radio announcement,(24%); conducted trainings on waste
recycling (22%) like recycling of waste materials that can be use for other purpose.
Trainings of composting (17%) was introduced to some households, who had enough
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
25
space; putting up a common composting facility and common material recovery facility
was (11%) and (9%), respectively, because the barangay have limited space.
The conducted seminars/trainings (48%) were to disseminate of the waste
management programs. This implies that the barangay officials employed several
possible strategies in implementing the waste management program in their respective
areas.
Table 6. Strategies employed by barangay in the implementation of SWM.
ACTIONS
NO. OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS (%)
Conducted seminars/ meetings with the household
to disseminate the program
67 48
Conducted trainings on waste recycling
31 22
Conducted trainings on composting
24 17
Announced through radio program
34 24
Distributed fliers/leaflets on waste management
69 49
Made door to door campaign/communication
47 34
Provided collection bins in strategic places
45 32
Established common composting facility
16 11
Established common material recovery facility
11 9
Impose sanction/penalties to household who do
not comply with the waste management ordinance 36 26
Monitor the observance of the schedule of garbage
collection by households 74 53
*Multiple responses
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
26
Waste Management Practices of the Household Respondents.
In Table 7, it shows that the majority (93%) of the households had segregated their waste
into biodegradable, non -biodegradable and recyclable/re-usable materials. It shows
though there were some (6%) who disposed off their waste to the collection area without
segregating due to lack of time and space. Furthermore only a few claimed that they
burned and/or buried their waste in their backyards.
For the biodegradable wastes, the respondents claimed that they composed them for
fertilizer for their plants, while kitchen wastes were used as feed for their backyard
animals such as pigs, ducks, and chicken.
This implies that most of the household respondents practiced waste segregation
except for a few. This result affirms the statement of Kelly (1197) as cited by Dang-ay
(2005) that separation of waste material at source promotes cleanest and most well
defined functions of waste that are suitable for subsequent recycling were use. Source
separation eliminates the need for expensive and difficult manual or mechanical sorting.
According to Miller (1995), the negligence of man in performing his duty as steward of
nation has resulted to occurrences of several environmental problem, one of which is the
continuous accumulation and improper disposal of waste that result to other
environmental and health problems it has always been emphasized that solid waste has no
final resting place, it may possibly cause soil pollution when buried, water pollution
when discharged into water bodies and air pollution when burned. Thus to avoid further
solid waste problems, solid wastes need to be properly handled and managed.
Another factor is the space for composting, which most households do not have space to
have it even to make an improvise compost pit especially boarding houses. Another
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
27
respondent commented for this problem, he said that residents who stayed in boarding
houses can not find it way to practice composting of biodegradable waste because of lack
of space in their respective boarding houses and likewise the tendency to create
unpleasant odor. And even if these will be waited to individual who raise backyard
piggery is not convenient for them.
Table 7. Waste management practices of the household respondents
PRACTICES
NO. OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS
(%)
Segregation
130 93
Burning
6 4
Burying
6 4
Full disposal
8 6
Frequency of Waste Segregation Practiced of the Household
Furthermore, the respondents were asked how often they sort their non –biodegradable
waste materials. As shown in able 8, the respondents claimed that they always separate
the plastics bag, wrappers and plastic containers; bottles scraps, and tin cans; kitchen
wastes –vegetable trimmings and fruit peelings, with means of 2.44, 2.4, and 2.24,
respectively. They claimed that sometimes they separate busted /non-functional
appliances or equipment (2.03) because seldom that they this kind of waste materials.
The data implies that most of the respondents always practice waste segregation. There
were few who admitted that sometimes they don’t segregate their waste materials they
just simply throw their waste away, because they lack time to do it, though they were
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
28
bothered by their conscience, they just assumed that the scavengers will be there to pick
and segregate them.
Table 8 Frequency of waste segregation practiced of the households.
SEGREGATION
A S N WM QD
Sorting of waste;
Plastic bags/wrappers, plastic
containers
99 41 1 2.44 Always
Bottles, scraps, tin cans
91 43 0 2.40 Always
Kitchen waste-vegetable
trimming, fruit peeling 84 48 3 2.24 Always
Busted/non-functional appliances
orequipments 57 50 12 2.03 Sometimes
Weighted Mean Qualitative
Description
2.37-3.0
Always
1.67-2.33
Sometimes
1.00-1.66
Never
Penalties on the Impose by Barangay
Further more, Table 9 presents the penalties that were imposed due to improper disposal
and disobeying barangay ordinance. The presence of stray animals such as dogs and cats
is evidently punishable through impounding this to the barangay impounding area and to
be bailed by the respective owner, likewise littering and untimely disposal of garbage.
The CVO’s are used to manned, to police these violators and to be reported
immediately to barangay officials for proper disposition.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
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Table 9. Penalties on the Imposed by Barangay
PROHIBITED ACTS
NO. OF
PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS ( %)
Littering
52 37.14
Untimely disposal of garbage
58 41.43
Burning of garbage
50 35.71
Non segregation of garbage
59 42.14
Untidy and dirty surrounding
32 22.86
No/Improper garbage storage system
41 29.29
Open dumping of garbage
47 33.57
Stray animals
89 63.57
Problems Encountered
Table 10 shows the problems associated with the compliance of the
implementation of solid waste management.
Having no area for composting was moderately serious and the rest are classified as least
serious. Respondents said that, there should be a specific garbage bin for segregated
waste to cater all waste which the household can not hold in their home. Acquire
barangay dump truck for the continues hauling directly civilian volunteer organization to
manned the implementation of sanctions to those who violated the program.
Aside from these problems it was also noted the presence of astray dogs, undisciplined
borders is also a problem and likewise that there are waste that were dump within the
vicinity that are not from here it self but from other places.As Lopez (1998) as cited by
Dang-ay (2005) said that what is more alarming is the high population growth rate so he
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
30
revealed that the volume of solid waste generated would likewise be greater as the
population growth.
Table 10. Problems encountered by the respondents in waste management.
PROBLEMS
WM
QD
No space for composting
3.01 QS
No space for storing recycled waste before
selling to junk shops.
2.51 LS
No collection bin/ designated area to put waste
for pick up by garbage truck
2.34 LS
No specific/designated dump trucks and garbage bin
to hauled and placed segregated waste
2.38 LS
Schedule of waste disposal is not followed
2.29 LS
Lack of knowledge in recycling practice
2.34 LS
Lack of cooperation among households
2.8 LS
Weighted Mean Qualitative
Description
4.20 - 5.00
Extremely Serious (ES),
3.40 - 4.19
Moderately Serious (MS),
2.60 - 3.39
Quite Serious (QS),
1.80 - 2.59 Least Serious (LS),
1.00 - 1.79
Not Serious (NE),
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
31
Implementation of Waste Management Program as Perceived by the Key Informants
Table 11 presents the general assessment of the implementation of solid waste
management in the barangay as assessed by selected key informants. It appeared that the
presence of a street sweeper in the barangay (Figure 4) helped maintained the orderliness
of the barangay in terms to waste problems as shown in the table as fully implemented
which this person is paid by the barangay alone. Likewise having a concrete garbage box
(Figure 5) maintain garbage not to be scattered by astray animals as well as wind and
scavengers, although residents were asking for more better type of garbage box as
discussed at Table10.
Moreover, the continues campaign of barangay officials (Figure 6) regarding waste
management also helped in getting the attention of the community to follow the
ordinance as also shown in Table 6 Least implemented also for the absent of watchers
(were commented on Table 10), but according to the barangay officials barangay do
watching each garbage post. Whereas the tanod had also there own tasks to do within the
day and night. Specified compost pit was also assessed as least implemented as it was
reflected also at Table 9, likewise on proper segregation (Table 8) and re-used, which
these is assessed by the barangay street sweeper that there were some or individual who
did not abide the ordinance.
The absence of barangay dump truck to hauled garbage was not implemented due to
insufficient fund to buy a car and its maintenance as well as penalties was also not
implemented as also reflected on Table 2 discussions.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
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Table 11. Implementation of the waste management program as perceived by the key
informants.
ASPECTS
WM
QD
Have a proper waste disposal facility
4.75 FI
Each household in the community follow
the barangay policies and regulation about
waste management
2.75 QI
The barangay officials always conduct
forum and disseminate information about
proper waste handling in the barangay
4.7 MI
The barangay have watchers to man
or look for violators for not following
waste management. 2.8 LI
Each household in the community follow
waste segregation.
2.45 LI
Each household in the community
practice reuse. 2.6 LI
All households has its own compost pit for
biodegradable waste.
1.5 NI
Each household follow proper time disposal. 2.5 LI
The barangay has its own centralized compost
pit that household without these, can use 1.5 NI
The barangay have its own utility worker
such as street sweeper and to maintain
the garbage box. 5 FI
The barangay has its own garbage truck
to hauled garbage. 1 NI
Violators are penalized immediately. 1.5 NI
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
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Weighted Mean Qualitative
Description
4.20 - 5.00
Fully Implemented (FI)
3.40 - 4.19
Moderately Implemented (MI)
2.60 - 3.39
Quite Implemented (QI)
1.80 - 2.59
Least Implemented (LI)
1.00 - 1.79
Not Implemented (NI)
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
34
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The study was conducted in the Municipality of La Trinidad, specifically in the 7
sitios of barangay Cruz, with 20 respondents of each sitio (140 respondents) and for the
key informants 20 questionnaires are given and design to assess the Implementation of
WMP in the barangay. Specifically it aimed to determine the level of awareness in the
implementation of the Solid waste management in the barangay; document the Solid
waste management practiced by each households, and determine the problems
encountered in compliance of the Solid waste management.
In collecting the data, a survey type of descriptive research method is employed. Twenty
(20) individuals from each sitios served as respondents of the study and twenty (20) key
informants also serves as main evaluator of the effectiveness of the solid waste
management program in the barangay.
Results shows that majority of the respondents are very aware of the solid waste
management program in their respective barangay which is reflected on how they
practice waste segregation. On the other hand the dissemination of information made by
the barangay officials to promote waste management through seminars/ meetings catches
much attention to the community.
In terms to solid waste management practiced by each household, majority do
segregation which they classify this as biodegradable, non biodegradable and reusable a
recyclable materials. For penalties that were imposed due to improper disposal or
disobeying ordinance is not much problem because most follow the time of waste
disposal only that the presence of astray dogs is seen as alarming problem, also with
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
35
composting which not all household can afford to do this practice due to limited spaces in
the observance of waste management like wise to the undisciplined behavior of borders.
In the general assessment of the implementation of solid waste management in the
barangay as assessed by key informants it appeared that having a proper waste disposal
system in the barangay catches attention to all household to do waste segregation as well
as the presence of barangay streets sweeper and the continues conduct of forum regarding
waste management in the barangay reflected that the barangay is under the process of full
implementation of the program.
Conclusion
Based on the discussed results, the following conclusions were derived:
1. Communities were very aware of the implementation of Solid waste
management program through composting ,recycling ,penalties, policies, re-use as
evidence of complying waste segregation although there are still some who do not obey.
2. Most residents are moderately aware who practice segregation which classified
as recycling, the triple-“ R” biodegradable and non biodegradable, composting is not
much practice due to limited space and the danger to create unpleasant odor.
3. On the other hand on strategies that are employed to the communities about the
solid waste management program (24% to 54%) was informed, who knows about the
program, which follows the waste management system in the barangay.
4. The practices that were introduce by the barangay or the local government unit
shows the awareness which are(31% to81%) are fully introduce to the community such as
recycling, composting, using common material recovery and collection bins in the
household levels.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
36
5. Waste management practices of the household, segregated waste with the
average of (93%), some areas they manage their garbage by burning, they burry and some
are full disposal with the average of (4%to 6%).
6. Waste segregation practiced by the households came out that they always
segregate or they always separate their waste before disposing them, such as plastics
bags, wrappers, containers, bottles, and kitchen waste. For future purposes like school
projects, use as packaging groceries, etc.
7. Majority (41 to 63.57%) are very aware of the penalties and policies, the
prohibited acts. those were imposed by the barangay, due to improper disposal of
garbage.
8. While the years come, the population growth keeps increasing. In table 10 the
problems encountered by the barangay are assess as quite serous. It needs development,
such as space for composting, space for sorting, additional speechified garbage bin, dump
trucks and cooperation among household.
9. The implementation of the waste management program assess by the key
informants, appeared that it is fully implemented.
10. Problems encountered in terms to Solid waste management in the barangay are
as follows;
a. No enough space for composting.
b. No time for segregating waste materials that’s why they are forced to disposed full
disposal garbage.
c. Some don’t practice re-use strategies.
d. Irresponsible dog owners, untied dogs.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
37
e. Undisciplined behavior of borders as well as some permanent residents,
some garbage’s are thrown in the barangay garbage bins which are not from the residents
and composting site.
f. No available or safe spaces for material recovery facility as sorting
station or composting facility, and recycling facility for storage area even in the barangay
hall, space are very limited.
g. They are lazy to segregate their own waste.
h. Scavengers not properly informed about proper waste handling.
i. Untimely disposal of garbage, not following schedules.
j. No watchers for the garbage boxes during the time of disposal, to make
it sure that they follow proper waste management.
k. Absence of barangay dump trucks.
l. Penalties are not imposed strictly.
Recommendations
Based on the above conclusions, the following are recommended;
1. Construction of Barangay Material Recovery facility, to cater recyclable
waste, so that only non-biodegradables will be disposing and to help reduce waste.
2. Improve garbage bin, constructing a specified garbage bin for each
segregated waste for (biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and recyclable waste).
3. Conduct forum on responsible animal owners and conduct orientation or
forums to all
boarding house owners as well as borders in regards to barangay ordinance much to
waste management.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
38
4. The barangay officials should conduct a simple training for every sitio about the
composting for every household to apply to their available area that may help to reduce
waste, bad odor to our garbage bins and also use as source of organic fertilizer for our
mini-garden.
5. Unsegregated waste, no waste collection and penalties should impose strictly.
6. Give some place for composting area for the biodegradable waste and barangay
officials should go around house to house informing the house hold to follow and practice
the Solid waste management program.
7. Barangay official’s should check and stay to their area about their waste and they
must place more information materials around of our barangay so that they will improve
cleanliness to our barangay.
8. They should conduct seminars, trainings with the household on and barangay
officials should be strictly monitoring the proper waste segregation.
9. They should adjust the time in collecting garbage because I think this is some
main reason why some residence of our barangay cannot follow the exact time.
10. Continuous education of proper waste segregation and distribution of big bins
for collection.
11. Continue penalties and concrete and standard garbage boxes and to implement
necessary fines or penalty to those who do not comply with the rules.
12. Conduct of market encounters/trade fairs for recycled/reuse products.
13. Imposed higher penalties for violators.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
39
LITERATURE CITED
ANONYMOUS, 2006. Waste minimization- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia.
en. Wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste _minimization.
BARANGAY CRUZ PROFILE, 2009. Barangay Socio –Economic Status
CUNNINGHAM, W. P. 1999. Environmental Science: A Global Concern. McGraw
Hill Company Incorporation: New York. Pp.356-362.
MILLER, T . G. 1995. Living in the Environment. 5thed. New York: Thompson
Learning Inc. Pp. 300-3005.
MILLER, T. G.2004. Living in the Environment .13thed New York: Thomson Learning
Inc Pp.598-605
NAZ, A. C. and M. T. NAZ. 2008. Ecological solid waste management in suburban
municipalities: user fees in Tuba, Philippines. ASEAN Economic Bulletin
SEE, D.A. 2010. “Benguet Open 50 Million Dump Site”: Manila Bulletin Publishing
Corporation. www. Northphiltimes.com?category/Benguet-
SULLIVAN, J. 2008. The problem with waste Reduction-green building.
www.builderonline/
THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN of La Trinidad, Benguet,. 2004. La
Trinidad Benguet.
THURGOOD, M. 1999. Solid Waste Landfills: Decision - Makers Guide Summary.
World Bank, World Health organization, Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation, and Swiss Center for Development Cooperation in Technology and
Management.
VOLLEBERGH, H. 2004. Burn or Bury?: “A Social Cost Comparison of Final Waste
Disposal Methods”. Department of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Netherland.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
40
APPENDICES
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
41
APPENDIX A
Republic of the Philippines
Benguet State University
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
La Trinidad, Benguet
Dear Respondents,
The undersigned student of Benguet State University under the College of
Agriculture is currently conducting a study entitled “Solid Waste Management Practices
here in Barangay Cruz La Trinidad, Benguet.
In this regards, I am asking for your time to answer this questionnaire. Rest
assured that your answers will be kept confidentially.
Thank
you…
Respectfully yours;
ALEJANDRO O. ANAS
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
42
APPENDIX B
Survey Questionnaire for Household
Name Optional: __________________________
Sex: _________
Age:
________ Status:
____________
Date of Birth: _________________
No. of years in Barangay: ___________
Highest educ. Attainment: ___________________ Occupation:________________
A. Level of Awareness in the Implementation of the Solid Waste Management System in
the Barangay. (SWM)
QUESTIONS EXTREMELY VERY
MODERATELY SLIGHTLY
NOT
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
1. Are you
aware of the
solid waste
management
program in
your
barangay?
2. Are you
aware of the
following
solid waste
management
program
components?
Waste
segregation
>Composting
>Waste
recycling
>Re use
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
43
Continued…
QUESTIONS EXTREMELY VERY
MODERATELY SLIGHTLY
NOT
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
AWARE
4. Are you
aware of the
penalties and
policies that
were imposed
due to
improper
disposal of
garbage?
= littering
=
Untimely
disposal of
garbage
= Burning of
garbage
= Non
segregation of
garbage
= Untidy and
dirty
surrounding
= Open
dumping of
garbage
>stray animals
5. Who is/are responsible in imposing those penalties and policies for the violators?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6. How did you know about the program? (Put a check mark, beside the question)
_________through seminar/meetings conducted by the barangay
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
44
_________through door to door dissemination by barangay officials
_________through fliers, memorandums, leaflets that were distributed by LGU
_________through community organization, PTA
_________through neighbors and friends by word of mouth
_________through radio announcements by LGU
_________others, specify___________________________________________________
7. What are solid waste management practices that were introduced/ promoted by the
barangay?
________waste segregation in the household levels
________recycling of waste materials
________composting at the household
________use of common Material Recovery Facility in the Barangay
________use of collection bins
________others,
specify____________________________________________________
8. What are strategies employed by the barangay in implementing the SWMP?
________conducted seminars/ meetings with the household to disseminate the program
________conducted trainings on waste recycling
________conducted trainings on composting
________announced through radio program
________distributed fliers/leaflets on waste management
________made door to door campaign/communication by the officials
________provided collection bins in strategic places
________established common composting facility within the barangay
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
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45
________established common material recovery facility within the barangay
________impose sanction/penalties to household who do not comply with the waste
________monitor the observance of the schedule of garbage collector by households
B. Practices employed
1. How do you manage your garbage?
_______ Segregation _____ Burning _____ Burying _____ Full disposal
2 Do you segregate your garbage? _________Yes _______No
3. If segregated, how do you classify your waste?
_______biodegradable (nabubulok)
_______non-biodegradable (di nabubulok)
_______recyclable/reusable (plastic containers, cartoons, papers, bottles, tin cans, scrap).
4. Please rate the following how often do you follow segregation.
ALWAYS SOMETIMES
NEVER
1. 1. How often do you follow the following
waste segregations?
Plastic bags/wrappers, plastic containers
>bottles, scraps, tin cans
>kitchen wastes-vegetable trimmings, fruit
peelings
>busted/non-functional household appliances,
equipment
6. Were you reprimanded verbally for any violations of the above mentioned?
___Yes ___No.
7. Do you know of anyone in the barangay who was reprimanded or penalized for not
following any of the waste management properly? ______Yes ____________No
8. Do you give all your waste to the garbage collector/collection bin? ___yes _____no
9. Do you dispose all your segregated wastes to the garbage collector/collection bin?
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
46
____yes ____no
10. Do you have your own compost pit? _____yes _____no
If not, why? _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
11. Do you dispose your recyclable wastes to the junk shops? _____yes ____no
or individual buyers? _____yes ____no
12. Do you burn non-biodegradable wastes? _______yes _______ no
13. Do you give only the non-biodegradable (di nabubulok) waste to the garbage
collector?
________yes ________no
14. Do you re-use some of your waste? ______yes _______no
15. What are the things that you re-use or recycle and how do you recycle/re-use them?
Material
Uses
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
C. Please rates the seriousness of the following problems that you have encountered in
the implementation of SWMP.
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
47
PROBLEMS NOT
QUITE
MODERATELY EXTREMELY
SERIOUS SERIOUS
SRIOUS
SERIOUS
1.No space for composting my
biodegradable wastes
2. No space for my recycled
waste material to be store
before sold to the junk shops.
3No collection bin/designated
area to put in our waste for pick
up by garbage truck
4. No specific/designated dump
trucks to load different waste
products.
5.Schedule of garbage collector
is not followed
6.Lack of knowledge in
recycling my waste materials
7.Lack of cooperation among
households in complying with
the SWMP
8. With the identified problems, what recommendations would you give to improve the SWMP of
your barangay?
THANK YOU VER MUCH!
APPENDIX C
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
48
Survey Questionnaire Key Informants
Name (Optional): __________________________
Sex: _________
Age:
________ Status:
____________
Date of Birth: _________________
No. of years in Barangay: ___________
Highest Educ. Attainment:___________________
Occupation:________________
Position held in the Barangay: ______________________________
I. The following questions are designed to assess the implementation of waste
management in your barangay. Please put check mark according to your preference.
Criteria:
FI =Fully Implemented
LI = Least Implemented
MI = Moderately Implemented
NI = Not Implemented
QI = Quite Implemented
QUESTION CRITERIA
FI
MI
QI
LI
NI
1. Does the barangay have proper waste disposal
facility?
2. Does each household in the community follow the
barangay policies and regulation about waste
management?
3. Do the barangay officials always conduct forum
or disseminate information about proper waste
handling in the barangay?
4. Does the barangay have watchers to man or look
for violator for not following waste management?
5. Do each household in the community follow
segregation?
6. Does each household in the community practice
reuse?
Continued…
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
49
QUESTION CRITERIA
FI
MI
QI
LI
NI
7. Do all households follow proper time disposals?
8. Do all households have its own compost pit for
biodegradable waste?
9. Or, does the barangay has its own centralized
compost pit that household without these, can use?
10. Does the barangay have its own utility worker as
street sweepers and to maintain the garbage box?
11. Does the barangay have its own garbage truck to
collects the barangay waste?
12. Were violators penalized immediately?
13. Other problems? ___________________________________________________
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!
APPENDIX D
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
50
Figure 4. The Barangay Street Sweeper
Figure 5.Community Concrete Garbage Boxes provided by the Brgy.
Figure 6. Barangay Local Officials the Implementers
Solid Waste Management Practices in Barangay Cruz, La Trinidad Benguet /
Alejandro O. Anas. 2012
Document Outline
- Solid Waste Management Practices in BarangayCruz, La Trinidad Benguet
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- METHODOLOGY
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- LITERATURE CITED
- APPENDIX